WO2022180998A1 - フィルム及びその製造方法、並びに半導体パッケージの製造方法 - Google Patents
フィルム及びその製造方法、並びに半導体パッケージの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012763 reinforcing filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005394 sealing glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005425 toluyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZJJKWKADRNWSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilicon Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)OC PZJJKWKADRNWSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMJYHMCHKZQLAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-isocyanatophenoxy)-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=S)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)N=C=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O AMJYHMCHKZQLAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOLUNJPVPZJLOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;distiborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-][Sb]([O-])([O-])=O.[O-][Sb]([O-])([O-])=O SOLUNJPVPZJLOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
- H01L21/56—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation layers, coatings
- H01L21/565—Moulds
- H01L21/566—Release layers for moulds, e.g. release layers, layers against residue during moulding
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/302—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising aromatic vinyl (co)polymers, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
- B32B27/325—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising polycycloolefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/306—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
- H01L21/56—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation layers, coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/29—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the material, e.g. carbon
- H01L23/293—Organic, e.g. plastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/202—Conductive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/21—Anti-static
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2327/00—Polyvinylhalogenides
- B32B2327/12—Polyvinylhalogenides containing fluorine
- B32B2327/18—PTFE, i.e. polytetrafluoroethylene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a film, its manufacturing method, and a semiconductor package manufacturing method.
- Films used in various industrial fields are sometimes provided with an antistatic layer to suppress charging of the film.
- a semiconductor device is sealed in the form of a package and mounted on a substrate in order to block and protect it from the outside air.
- a curable resin such as an epoxy resin is used for encapsulating a semiconductor element. Resin encapsulation is performed by placing a semiconductor element in a predetermined place in a mold, filling the mold with a curable resin, and curing the resin.
- sealing methods include transfer molding and compression molding.
- a release film When a release film is used for encapsulating a semiconductor element, static electricity is generated when the film is peeled off from the package, and the film is easily charged. A charged film may damage or destroy a semiconductor package due to discharge. Also, a damaged semiconductor package may have poor resistance to static electricity in the environment in which it is used. Therefore, from the viewpoint of the productivity of the semiconductor package and the resistance to static electricity under the usage environment of the semiconductor package, it is preferable to use a film with an antistatic layer as the release film.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a film containing at least one antistatic agent selected from the group consisting of a conductive polymer and a conductive metal oxide as a release film in the manufacture of semiconductor packages.
- the present disclosure relates to providing a film with excellent antistatic performance, a method for manufacturing the same, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor package using the same.
- Means for solving the above problems include the following aspects. ⁇ 1> comprising at least a substrate and an antistatic layer, A film having a peeled area ratio of less than 5% when subjected to a tape peeling test under the following conditions after being uniaxially stretched by 300% at 25°C. Using a roller, the cellotape (registered trademark) was adhered to the antistatic layer side surface of the film by reciprocating pressure with a load of 4 kg five times, and within 5 minutes, the cellotape (registered trademark) was attached to the film at an angle of 180°.
- the film is peeled off at a speed of 100 m/min in the direction to obtain the ratio of the peeled area of the film to the area of the adhesive portion of the Sellotape (registered trademark).
- ⁇ 2> The film according to ⁇ 1>, which satisfies the formula (H2 ⁇ H1) ⁇ 0 when subjected to a wiping test under the following conditions after being uniaxially stretched at 25° C. by 300%.
- the film is wiped off by rubbing the antistatic layer side surface of the film 20 times back and forth with a nonwoven fabric to which acetone has been applied with a load of 4 kg.
- O/C is in the range of 0.010 to 0.200 in the surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the base material by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. film.
- N / F is in the range of 0.010 to 0.100 in the surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the base material by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy or the film according to item 1.
- ⁇ 5> At least comprising a substrate and an antistatic layer, A film that satisfies the formula (H2-H1) ⁇ 0 when subjected to a wiping test under the following conditions after being uniaxially stretched by 300% at 25°C.
- the film is wiped off by rubbing the antistatic layer side surface of the film 20 times back and forth with a nonwoven fabric to which acetone has been applied with a load of 4 kg.
- the haze before and after wiping is measured at the same portion of the film, and the haze before wiping is H1, and the haze after wiping is H2.
- ⁇ 6> The film according to ⁇ 5>, wherein O/C is in the range of 0.010 to 0.200 in the surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the base material by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- N/F is in the range of 0.010 to 0.100 in the surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the base material by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- film. ⁇ 8> comprising at least a substrate and an antistatic layer, A film characterized in that O/C is in the range of 0.010 to 0.200 in surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the base material by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- ⁇ 9> The film according to ⁇ 8>, wherein N/F is in the range of 0.010 to 0.100 in the surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the base material by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- ⁇ 10> comprising at least a substrate and an antistatic layer, A film characterized in that N/F is in the range of 0.010 to 0.100 in surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the base material by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
- ⁇ 11> The film according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 10>, wherein the antistatic layer-side surface of the base material is plasma-treated.
- ⁇ 12> Any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 11>, wherein the substrate includes at least one selected from the group consisting of fluororesin, polymethylpentene, syndiotactic polystyrene, and polycycloolefin. Film as described.
- the substrate includes an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer, and a tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-
- ⁇ 15> The film according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 14>, which is a release film used in a step of encapsulating a semiconductor element with a curable resin.
- ⁇ 16> plasma-treating the surface of the substrate; providing an antistatic layer on the plasma-treated substrate or providing an antistatic layer on the plasma-treated substrate through at least a third layer adjacent to the substrate; including In the surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the base material after the plasma treatment by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, O/C is in the range of 0.010 to 0.200 or N/F is 0.010 to 0.200. 010 to 0.100, or satisfying both of them.
- ⁇ 17> The film according to ⁇ 16>, wherein the plasma treatment is performed in the presence of argon gas, ammonia gas, or nitrogen gas that may or may not contain hydrogen gas of 10% by volume or less. manufacturing method.
- ⁇ 18> The method for producing a film according to ⁇ 16> or ⁇ 17>, further comprising subjecting the surface of the substrate to corona treatment before the plasma treatment.
- ⁇ 19> The method for producing a film according to any one of ⁇ 16> to ⁇ 18>, further comprising providing an adhesive layer on the surface of the antistatic layer opposite to the substrate.
- ⁇ 20> Arranging the film according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 15> or the film manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of ⁇ 16> to ⁇ 19> on the inner surface of the mold.
- a film with excellent antistatic performance a method for manufacturing the same, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor package using the film are provided.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a film in one aspect of the present disclosure
- the term "process” includes a process that is independent of other processes, and even if the purpose of the process is achieved even if it cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes.
- the numerical range indicated using "-" includes the numerical values before and after "-" as the minimum and maximum values, respectively.
- the upper limit or lower limit of one numerical range may be replaced with the upper or lower limit of another numerical range described step by step.
- the upper or lower limits of the numerical ranges may be replaced with the values shown in the examples.
- each component may contain multiple types of applicable substances.
- the content rate or content of each component is the total content rate or content of the multiple types of substances present in the composition unless otherwise specified. means quantity.
- the configurations of the embodiments are not limited to the configurations shown in the drawings.
- the sizes of the members in the drawings are conceptual, and the relative relationship between the sizes of the members is not limited to this.
- a "unit" of a polymer means a portion derived from a monomer that exists in the polymer and constitutes the polymer.
- a unit is also a chemically modified structure of a certain unit after polymer formation.
- a unit derived from an individual monomer is referred to by a name obtained by adding "unit” to the name of the monomer.
- films and sheets are referred to as “films” regardless of their thickness.
- acrylates and methacrylates are collectively referred to as “(meth)acrylates”
- acrylics and methacrylics are collectively referred to as “(meth)acryls”.
- the films according to the first to fourth embodiments may be collectively referred to as "films of the present disclosure”.
- the film according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure includes at least a substrate and an antistatic layer, and after uniaxial stretching of 300% at 25 ° C., a tape peeling test is performed under the following conditions. is less than 5%.
- the cellotape registered trademark
- the cellotape registered trademark
- the film is peeled off at a speed of 100 m/min in the direction to obtain the ratio of the peeled area of the film to the area of the adhesive portion of the Sellotape (registered trademark).
- the adhesive portion of the Sellotape (registered trademark) refers to a portion of the surface of the film to which the Sellotape (registered trademark) adheres.
- the film according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure comprises at least a substrate and an antistatic layer, and after uniaxial stretching of 300% at 25 ° C., a wiping test was performed under the following conditions when the formula (H2-H1 ) ⁇ 0.
- the film is wiped off by rubbing the antistatic layer side surface of the film 20 times back and forth with a nonwoven fabric to which acetone has been applied with a load of 4 kg.
- the haze before and after wiping is measured at the same portion of the film, and the haze before wiping is H1, and the haze after wiping is H2.
- the film according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure includes at least a substrate and an antistatic layer, and in a surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the substrate by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, O / C is It ranges from 0.010 to 0.200.
- the film according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure includes at least a substrate and an antistatic layer, and in a surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the substrate by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N / F is It ranges from 0.010 to 0.100.
- the films according to the first to fourth embodiments are excellent in antistatic performance.
- the adhesion of the antistatic layer when the film is stretched contributes to the antistatic performance of the film.
- high antistatic performance can be obtained because of its excellent properties.
- the antistatic layer has excellent adhesion to adjacent layers, the antistatic layer is less likely to peel or crack, and the conductive path is likely to be maintained. . It is presumed that this facilitates the release of generated static electricity to the outside of the base material, resulting in excellent antistatic performance.
- the film of the present disclosure only needs to have a base material and an antistatic layer, and other configurations are not particularly limited.
- a schematic cross-sectional view of a film in one embodiment is shown in FIG.
- the film 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises an antistatic layer 3 on a substrate 2 .
- Film 1 may comprise other layers in addition to substrate 2 and antistatic layer 3 .
- Each component of the film of the present disclosure will be described in detail below.
- the material of the substrate is not particularly limited, and preferably contains a resin.
- the substrate preferably contains a releasable resin (hereinafter also referred to as "releasable resin").
- the releasable resin means a resin in which a layer composed of the resin has releasability.
- release resins include fluororesins, polymethylpentene, syndiotactic polystyrene, polycycloolefins, silicone rubbers, polyester elastomers, polybutylene terephthalate, and non-stretched nylons.
- fluororesin From the viewpoint of excellent releasability, heat resistance, strength, elongation at high temperature, etc., fluororesin, polymethylpentene, syndiotactic polystyrene, and polycycloolefin are preferable, and from the viewpoint of excellent releasability, fluororesin is more preferred.
- the resin contained in the substrate may be used singly or in combination of two or more. It is particularly preferable that the base material is composed of a fluororesin alone. However, even if it is composed solely of a fluororesin, it does not prevent the inclusion of a resin other than the fluororesin within a range that does not impair the effects of the invention.
- a fluoroolefin polymer is preferable from the viewpoint of excellent releasability and heat resistance.
- a fluoroolefin polymer is a polymer having units based on fluoroolefins.
- the fluoroolefin polymer may further have units other than fluoroolefin-based units.
- Fluoroolefins include tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), vinyl fluoride, vinylidene fluoride, trifluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, and the like.
- a fluoroolefin may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- fluoroolefin polymers examples include ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro(alkyl vinyl ether) copolymer (PFA), tetrafluoroethylene fluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-vinylidene fluoride copolymer (THV) and the like. At least one selected from the group consisting of ETFE and FEP is preferable from the viewpoint of mechanical properties.
- a fluoroolefin polymer may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- ETFE is preferable as the fluoroolefin polymer from the viewpoint of high elongation at high temperatures.
- ETFE is a copolymer having TFE units and ethylene units (hereinafter also referred to as "E units").
- E units ethylene units
- ETFE a polymer having TFE units, E units, and units based on a third monomer other than TFE and ethylene is preferred.
- it is easy to adjust the crystallinity of ETFE, which facilitates adjusting the storage modulus or other tensile properties of the substrate.
- ETFE has a unit based on a third monomer (especially a monomer having a fluorine atom), it tends to improve its tensile strength and elongation at high temperatures (especially around 180°C).
- the third monomer includes a monomer having fluorine atoms and a monomer having no fluorine atoms.
- Monomers having a fluorine atom include the following monomers (a1) to (a5).
- Monomer (a1) fluoroolefins having 2 or 3 carbon atoms.
- Monomer (a2): X(CF 2 ) n CY CH 2 (where X and Y are each independently a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, and n is an integer of 2 to 8); fluoroalkyl ethylenes.
- Monomer (a5) A fluorine-containing monomer having an alicyclic structure.
- Examples of the monomer (a1) include fluoroethylenes (trifluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, chlorotrifluoroethylene, etc.), fluoropropylenes (hexafluoropropylene (HFP), 2-hydropentafluoropropylene, etc. ) and the like.
- the monomer (a2) a monomer having n of 2 to 6 is preferable, and a monomer having n of 2 to 4 is more preferable.
- a monomer in which X is a fluorine atom and Y is a hydrogen atom, that is, (perfluoroalkyl)ethylene is preferred.
- the diene monomer is a monomer that can undergo cyclic polymerization.
- CF2 CFOCF3
- CF2 CFOCF2CF3
- CF2 CFO ( CF2) 2CF3 ( perfluoro(propyl vinyl ether) (PPVE))
- PPVE perfluoro(propyl vinyl ether)
- CF2 CFOCF2CF ( CF3 )O(CF2) 2CF3
- CF2 CFO ( CF2)3O ( CF2 ) 2CF3
- CF2 CFO( CF2CF ( CF3 )O) 2 ( CF2 ) 2CF3
- CF2 CFOCF2CF ( CF3 )O(CF2) 2CF3
- CF2 CFO ( CF2 ) 3CO2CH3
- CF2 CFOCF2CF ( CF3 )O ( CF2) 3CO2CH3
- CF2 CFOCF2CF ( CF3 )O ( CF2) 2SO2F and the like.
- monomer (a5) examples include perfluoro(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole), 2,2,4-trifluoro-5-trifluoromethoxy-1,3-dioxole, perfluoro( 2-methylene-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane) and the like.
- Monomers having no fluorine atom include the following monomers (b1) to (b4).
- Monomer (b1) Olefins.
- Monomer (b2) Vinyl esters.
- Monomer (b3) vinyl ethers.
- Monomer (b4) unsaturated acid anhydride.
- Specific examples of the monomer (b1) include propylene and isobutene.
- Specific examples of the monomer (b2) include vinyl acetate.
- Specific examples of the monomer (b3) include ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, cyclohexyl vinyl ether, hydroxybutyl vinyl ether and the like.
- Specific examples of the monomer (b4) include maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride and the like.
- a 3rd monomer may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the monomer (a2), HFP, PPVE, and acetic acid are selected from the viewpoint of easy adjustment of the degree of crystallinity and excellent tensile strength and elongation at high temperatures (especially around 180 ° C.).
- the molar ratio of TFE units to E units is preferably 80/20 to 40/60, more preferably 70/30 to 45/55, and 65/35 to 50/50. is more preferred.
- TFE unit/E unit is within the above range, ETFE is excellent in heat resistance and mechanical strength.
- the ratio of the units based on the third monomer in ETFE is preferably 0.01 to 20 mol%, more preferably 0.10 to 15 mol%, relative to the total (100 mol%) of all units constituting ETFE. More preferably, 0.20 to 10 mol % is even more preferable. When the ratio of units based on the third monomer is within the above range, ETFE is excellent in heat resistance and mechanical strength.
- the proportion of PFBE units is preferably 0.5 to 4.0 mol% with respect to the total (100 mol%) of all units constituting ETFE, 0.7 to 3.6 mol % is more preferred, and 1.0 to 3.6 mol % is even more preferred.
- the proportion of PFBE units is within the above range, the tensile modulus of elasticity at 180° C. of the film can be adjusted within the above range. In addition, the tensile strength and elongation at high temperatures, particularly around 180° C., are improved.
- the base material may consist of only the releasable resin, or may further contain other components in addition to the releasable resin.
- Other components include lubricants, antioxidants, antistatic agents, plasticizers, release agents, and the like.
- the substrate preferably does not contain other components from the viewpoint of preventing staining of the mold.
- the thickness of the substrate is preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 25 to 250 ⁇ m, even more preferably 25 to 125 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the substrate is equal to or less than the upper limit of the above range, the film can be easily deformed and has excellent mold followability.
- the thickness of the substrate is at least the lower limit of the above range, the film can be easily handled, for example, roll-to-roll, and wrinkles are less likely to occur when the film is pulled.
- the thickness of the base material can be measured according to ISO 4591:1992 (JIS K7130:1999) B1 method: a method for measuring the thickness of a sample taken from a plastic film or sheet by the gravimetric method). The same applies to the thickness of each layer of the film below.
- the surface of the substrate may have surface roughness.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the substrate surface is preferably 0.2 to 3.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 2.5 ⁇ m.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface of the substrate is at least the lower limit of the above range, the releasability is more excellent.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the surface of the substrate is equal to or less than the upper limit of the above range, pinholes are less likely to form in the film.
- Arithmetic mean roughness Ra is measured based on JIS B0601:2013 (ISO 4287:1997, Amd.1:2009).
- the reference length lr (cutoff value ⁇ c) for the roughness curve is 0.8 mm.
- the film of the present disclosure has an O / C in the range of 0.010 to 0.200 in the surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the substrate by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (hereinafter also referred to as “XPS”). Preferably.
- O/C may be from 0.030 to 0.150, or from 0.040 to 0.100.
- O/C is in the range of 0.010 to 0.200.
- the film of the present disclosure preferably has an N/F in the range of 0.010 to 0.100 in the surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the substrate by XPS.
- N/F may be 0.010 to 0.090, or may be 0.010 to 0.080.
- N/F is in the range of 0.010 to 0.100.
- XPS is a method to quantify the amount of elements present on the material surface, etc., and it is possible to quantify each element such as carbon (C), oxygen (O), fluorine (F), and nitrogen (N).
- the analysis target in XPS is 2 to 8 nm deep from the surface of the measurement target. Information on the analyzer and analysis conditions are as follows.
- Analyzer Quantera PHI manufactured by ULVAC-Phi X-ray source: Al K ⁇ 14 kV Beam diameter: 100 ⁇ m ⁇ Measurement field of view: 800 ⁇ 300 ⁇ m 2 Measurement mode: Narrow spectrum measurement Measurement area of measurement element and binding energy of each element, integration number: C1s: 278 to 297 eV, 2 times accumulated O1s: 525 to 544 eV, 3 times accumulated N1s: 392 to 411 eV, 8 times accumulated F1s: 680 to 699 eV, 1 time accumulated Pass energy: 224.0 eV Energy step: 0.4 eV Number of cycles: 8 cycles Neutralization gun: used Angle between detector and sample surface: 45°
- the target elements in the XPS measurement are C, O, F, and N, and the proportion of each of F and N in the total (unit: atomic%) is Let it be the amount of each atom. After that, N/F and O/C are obtained based on each Atomic% value.
- Any surface treatment may be applied to the surface of the substrate that is adjacent to another layer.
- surface treatment include corona treatment, plasma treatment, silane coupling agent coating, adhesive coating, and the like. From the viewpoint of adhesion between the substrate and other layers, corona treatment or plasma treatment is preferred.
- the surface of the substrate on the antistatic layer side is plasma-treated. It has also been found that plasma treatment tends to improve the antistatic performance of the film.
- the plasma treatment comprises nitrogen ( N2 ) gas, which may or may not be mixed with argon (Ar) gas; ammonia ( NH3 ) gas; ) in the presence of gas.
- N2 nitrogen
- Ar argon
- NH3 ammonia
- functional groups such as hydroxyl groups, carbonyl groups, and carboxyl groups can be introduced onto the substrate surface.
- ammonia gas functional groups such as hydroxyl groups, carbonyl groups, carboxyl groups, amino groups, and amide groups can be introduced onto the substrate surface.
- functional groups such as amino groups and amides can be introduced onto the substrate surface.
- the N/F of the substrate surface may be adjusted to the above range
- the O/C of the substrate surface may be adjusted to the above range, or both of these may be satisfied.
- the concentration of hydrogen gas may be 0.01 to 10% by volume, may be 1 to 10% by volume, or may be 1 to 5% by volume. good.
- the pressure of the atmosphere in plasma processing is preferably atmospheric pressure (approximately 760 torr) or a low pressure condition reduced from atmospheric pressure.
- it is preferable that the pressure is not too low from the viewpoint of generating a sufficient plasma density.
- the pressure of the atmosphere in plasma processing may be 0.001 to 760 torr, 0.05 to 10 torr, or 0.05 to 1 torr.
- the discharge power in the plasma treatment may be 0.1 to 150 kW, 0.5 to 120 kW, 1 to 100 kW, or 1 to 50 kW from the viewpoint of facilitating the introduction of appropriate functional groups into the substrate.
- the plasma treatment is such that the discharge power (W), the treatment time (t), the gas flow rate (F) calculated W t / F (W sec / ( m / sec)) is 0.3 ⁇ 10 12 to 60.0 ⁇ 10 12 , 0.5 ⁇ 10 12 to 40.0 ⁇ 10 12 , 1.0 ⁇ It may be carried out so as to be in the range of 10 12 to 10.0 ⁇ 10 12 .
- W ⁇ t/F is within the above range, it is easy to introduce appropriate functional groups into the base material, and there is a tendency for better antistatic performance to be obtained.
- the surface of the base material may be further subjected to corona treatment, or may be further subjected to corona treatment before the plasma treatment. It has been found that the strength of the substrate tends to be better if it is further corona treated before the plasma treatment. Although the reason for this is not clear, it is presumed that decomposition of the material on the surface of the base material can be suppressed by applying corona treatment in advance even if the plasma intensity is relatively increased in the plasma treatment.
- the contact angle of the antistatic layer side surface of the substrate is preferably 50 to 100°, may be 60 to 100°, or may be 70 to 100°.
- the contact angle is determined by a contact angle meter (for example, contact angle meter DMs-401 manufactured by Kyowa Kagaku Co., Ltd.).
- the base material may be a single layer or may have a multilayer structure.
- the multilayer structure include a structure in which a plurality of layers each containing a releasing resin are laminated.
- the release resin contained in each of the layers may be the same or different.
- the substrate is preferably a single layer.
- the antistatic layer is not particularly limited as long as it has an antistatic function.
- the antistatic layer may be provided on the substrate adjacent to the substrate, or may be provided on the substrate via at least a third layer adjacent to the substrate.
- the antistatic layer may contain an antistatic agent.
- antistatic agents include ionic liquids, conductive polymers, metal ion-conducting salts, and conductive metal oxides.
- An antistatic agent may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- a conductive polymer is a polymer in which electrons move and diffuse through the polymer skeleton.
- Examples of conductive polymers include polyaniline-based polymers, polyacetylene-based polymers, polyparaphenylene-based polymers, polypyrrole-based polymers, polythiophene-based polymers, polyvinylcarbazole-based polymers, and the like.
- metal ion conductive salts examples include lithium salt compounds.
- Examples of conductive metal oxides include tin oxide, tin-doped indium oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide, phosphorus-doped tin oxide, zinc antimonate, and antimony oxide.
- the antistatic agent is selected from the group consisting of polyaniline polymers, polyacetylene polymers, polyparaphenylene polymers, polypyrrole polymers, polythiophene polymers, and polyvinylcarbazole polymers from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance and conductivity. at least one is preferred.
- the antistatic agent is preferably dispersed in the resin binder. That is, the antistatic layer is preferably a layer in which an antistatic agent is dispersed in a resin binder.
- the resin binder one having heat resistance is preferable. For example, when the film is used in a semiconductor encapsulation process, it preferably has heat resistance at about 180°C.
- resin binders include acrylic resins, silicone resins, urethane resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, vinyl acetate resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, chlorotrifluoro It preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers and tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers.
- acrylic resins silicone resins, urethane resins, polyester resins, polyamide resins, vinyl acetate resins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, chlorotrifluoroethylene -Vinyl alcohol copolymer, and tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (for example, only acrylic resin) is preferably composed of at least one selected from the group.
- polyester resins and acrylic resins are preferable from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance and antistatic agent dispersibility.
- the resin binder may be crosslinked. When the resin binder is crosslinked, the heat resistance is superior to that when the resin binder is not crosslinked.
- the content of the antistatic agent in the antistatic layer is preferably such that the surface resistance value of the film is within the range described below.
- the content of the antistatic agent may be 3 to 50% by mass with respect to the resin binder, and 5 to 20 mass % may be sufficient.
- the content of the antistatic agent is at least the lower limit of the above range, the surface resistance value of the film tends to fall within a suitable range.
- the content of the antistatic agent is equal to or less than the upper limit of the above range, the adhesion of the antistatic layer tends to be good.
- the antistatic layer may contain additives other than the antistatic agent.
- Additives include lubricants, colorants, coupling agents, and the like.
- lubricants include thermoplastic resin microbeads, fumed silica, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fine particles, and the like.
- coloring agents include various organic coloring agents and inorganic coloring agents, more specifically cobalt blue, red iron oxide, cyanine blue, and the like.
- Examples of coupling agents include silane coupling agents and titanate coupling agents.
- the thickness of the antistatic layer is preferably 0.05-3.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1-2.5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the antistatic layer is at least the lower limit value of the above range, the electroconductivity is exhibited and the antistatic function is excellent.
- the thickness of the antistatic layer is equal to or less than the upper limit of the above range, the stability of the production process including the appearance of the coated surface is excellent.
- the film may comprise a substrate and an antistatic layer, and may or may not comprise other layers.
- Other layers include an adhesive layer, a base layer, a gas barrier layer, a colored layer, and the like. These layers may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the layer structure of the film is exemplified below. Note that the layer structure of the film of the present disclosure is not limited to the following. (1) A film comprising a substrate and an antistatic layer in this order. (2) A film comprising a substrate, an antistatic layer, and an adhesive layer in this order. (3) A film according to any one of the above (1) and (2), further comprising a gas barrier layer, a colored layer, etc., at an arbitrary position on the antistatic layer side of the substrate.
- the film may further comprise an adhesive layer.
- the adhesive layer is a layer having adhesiveness to other members.
- the material of the adhesive layer is not particularly limited.
- the adhesive layer may contain a reaction cured product of a hydroxyl group-containing (meth)acrylic polymer and a polyfunctional isocyanate compound.
- the hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylic polymer reacts with the polyfunctional isocyanate compound to crosslink and form a reactive cured product.
- the adhesive layer may be a reactive cured product of a hydroxyl group-containing (meth)acrylic polymer, a polyfunctional isocyanate compound, and other components.
- the hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylic polymer may be a copolymer having at least hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylate units and units different from the hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylate units.
- Examples of monomers forming hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylate units include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 1,4-cyclohexane di Examples include methanol monoacrylate, 2-acryloyloxyethyl-2-hydroxyethyl-phthalic acid and the like.
- the monomers forming the hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylate unit may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of monomers forming units different from hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylate units include (meth)acrylates having no hydroxy group, (meth)acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, macromers having unsaturated double bonds, and the like. be done.
- Examples of (meth)acrylates having no hydroxy group include alkyl (meth)acrylates, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylates, phenyl (meth)acrylates, toluyl (meth)acrylates, benzyl (meth)acrylates, and 2-methoxyethyl (meth)acrylates.
- 3-methoxybutyl (meth)acrylate 3-methoxybutyl (meth)acrylate, glycidyl (meth)acrylate, 2-aminoethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-(methacryloyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane, trifluoromethylmethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-trifluoromethyl Ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-perfluoroethylethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-perfluoroethyl-2-perfluorobutylethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-perfluoroethyl (meth)acrylate, perfluoromethyl (meth)acrylate, diperfluoromethyl Methyl (meth) acrylate, 2-perfluoromethyl-2-perfluoroethyl methyl (meth) acrylate, 2-perfluorohexylethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-perfluorodecyle
- the alkyl (meth)acrylate is preferably a compound having an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, n- propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, n-pentyl (meth) acrylate, n-hexyl (meth) acrylate, n-heptyl (meth) acrylate, n-octyl (meth)acrylate, nonyl (meth)acrylate, decyl (meth)acrylate, dodecyl (meth)acrylate and the like.
- macromers having unsaturated double bonds include macromers having polyoxyalkylene chains such as (meth)acrylates of polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers.
- the hydroxy group possessed by the hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylic polymer is a cross-linking functional group that reacts with the isocyanate group in the polyfunctional isocyanate compound.
- the hydroxyl value of the hydroxyl group-containing (meth)acrylic polymer is preferably 1 to 100 mgKOH/g, more preferably 29 to 100 mgKOH/g. A hydroxyl value is measured by the method specified in JIS K0070:1992.
- the hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylic polymer may or may not have a carboxy group.
- a carboxy group, like a hydroxy group, is a cross-linking functional group that reacts with an isocyanate group in a polyfunctional isocyanate compound.
- the acid value of the hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylic polymer is preferably 0 to 100 mgKOH/g, more preferably 0 to 30 mgKOH/g. The acid value is measured by the method specified in JIS K0070:1992 like the hydroxyl value.
- the polyfunctional isocyanate compound is a compound having two or more isocyanate groups, preferably a compound having 3 to 10 isocyanate groups.
- Examples of polyfunctional isocyanate compounds include hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), tolidine diisocyanate (TODI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and xylylene diisocyanate (XDI). ), triphenylmethane triisocyanate, tris(isocyanatophenyl)thiophosphate, and the like. Also included are isocyanurate (trimer) and buret forms of these polyfunctional isocyanate compounds, adducts of these polyfunctional isocyanate compounds and polyol compounds, and the like.
- the polyfunctional isocyanate compound preferably has an isocyanurate ring from the viewpoint that the reactive cured product (adhesive layer) exhibits a high elastic modulus due to the planarity of the ring structure.
- polyfunctional isocyanate compounds having an isocyanurate ring include an isocyanurate of HDI (isocyanurate-type HDI), an isocyanurate of TDI (isocyanurate-type TDI), an isocyanurate of MDI (isocyanurate-type MDI), and the like. be done.
- the adhesive layer is a reaction cured product of an adhesive layer composition containing a hydroxy group-containing acrylic polymer and a polyfunctional isocyanate compound
- the hydroxy group-containing acrylic polymer and the poly( The content of the functional isocyanate compound is set such that M COOH /(M NCO ⁇ M OH ) is 0 to 1.0 and M NCO /(M COOH +M OH ) is 0.4 to 3.5. is preferred.
- M OH is the number of moles of hydroxy groups derived from the hydroxy group-containing acrylic polymer
- M COOH is the number of moles of carboxy groups derived from the hydroxy group-containing acrylic polymer
- M NCO is the polyfunctional It is the number of moles of isocyanate groups derived from the isocyanate compound.
- M COOH /(M NCO -M OH ) is preferably 0 to 1.0, more preferably 0 to 0.5.
- M COOH /(M NCO -M OH ) is at least the lower limit of the above range, the adhesiveness to contacting members is excellent.
- M COOH /(M NCO -M OH ) is equal to or less than the upper limit of the above range, the number of free carboxyl groups remaining in the adhesive layer is reduced, resulting in excellent releasability from contacting members.
- M NCO /(M COOH +M OH ) is preferably 0.4 to 3.5, more preferably 0.4 to 3.0.
- M NCO /(M COOH +M OH ) is at least the lower limit of the above range, the adhesive layer has a high crosslink density and thus an elastic modulus, and is excellent in releasability and peelability from contacting members.
- M NCO /(M COOH +M OH ) is equal to or less than the upper limit of the above range, the elastic modulus of the adhesive layer does not become too high, and the adhesiveness to the contacting member is excellent.
- the total content of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic polymer and the polyfunctional isocyanate compound in the adhesive layer composition is preferably 50% by mass or more relative to the total amount of the adhesive layer composition.
- the adhesive layer may contain components such as cross-linking catalysts (amines, metal compounds, acids, etc.), reinforcing fillers, coloring dyes, pigments, and antistatic agents.
- cross-linking catalysts amines, metal compounds, acids, etc.
- reinforcing fillers coloring dyes, pigments, and antistatic agents.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 0.05-3.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05-2.5 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 0.05-2.0 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is at least the lower limit of the above range, the releasability is excellent.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is equal to or less than the upper limit of the range, the coating stability is excellent. Further, when the thickness of the adhesive layer is equal to or less than the upper limit of the above range, the tackiness after coating does not become too strong, and the continuous coating process is facilitated.
- a suitable example of the adhesive layer is the adhesive layer described in International Publication No. 2016/125796.
- the film can be produced, for example, by applying a coating liquid for the antistatic layer onto one surface of the base material and drying the coating liquid.
- desired layers other than the antistatic layer such as an adhesive layer and a base layer, may be further formed by coating. In forming each layer, heat may be applied to accelerate curing.
- a method of making a film comprises plasma treating a surface of a substrate and providing an antistatic layer on the plasma-treated substrate, or and providing an antistatic layer through at least a third layer adjacent to the O / C is 0 in the surface chemical composition analysis of the antistatic layer side of the substrate after the plasma treatment by XPS It may be in the range of 0.010 to 0.200, N/F may be in the range of 0.010 to 0.100, or both may be satisfied.
- an adhesive layer may be further provided on the surface of the antistatic layer opposite to the substrate.
- Plasma treatment may also be performed in the presence of argon gas; ammonia gas; or nitrogen gas, which may or may not be mixed with up to 10% by volume of hydrogen gas.
- the method of manufacturing the film may further include corona-treating the surface of the substrate in addition to the plasma treatment, or may further include corona-treating the surface of the substrate prior to the plasma treatment.
- the details of plasma treatment and corona treatment in this embodiment are as described above.
- Adhesion of antistatic layer It is believed that the antistatic layer in the films of the present disclosure has excellent adhesion, resulting in excellent antistatic performance.
- the following tape peel test is used as an indicator of adhesion. After 300% uniaxial stretching at 25° C., Cellotape (registered trademark) was applied to the surface of the film on the antistatic layer side by using a roller and pressed back and forth 5 times with a load of 4 kg, and the Cellotape (registered trademark) was removed within 5 minutes.
- the film is peeled off at a speed of 100 m/min in a direction of 180° to obtain the ratio of the peeled area of the film to the area of the adhesive portion of the Cellotape (registered trademark).
- the tape peeling test can be performed by the method described in Examples.
- the ratio of the peeled area is preferably less than 5%, more preferably 4% or less, even more preferably 3% or less, and may be 0%. In a first embodiment of the present disclosure, the percentage of the peeled area is less than 5%.
- the stretching speed of uniaxial stretching is not particularly defined. Uniaxial stretching may be stretching under a constant load or stretching at a constant speed.
- the rectangular film may be stretched up to 300% by a method such as fixing one side of the rectangular film to the upper part and hanging a weight not exceeding the breaking strength from the other side, that is, by creep deformation. If a phenomenon such as film breakage occurs during uniaxial stretching, the stretching conditions should be examined and the film should be stretched up to 300%.
- the wipe test is used as an indicator of adhesion.
- the wipe test is a test under relatively more severe conditions than the tape peel test. After 300% uniaxial stretching at 25° C., the film is wiped off by rubbing the antistatic layer side surface of the film 20 times with a load of 4 kg using a nonwoven fabric (e.g., Bemcot (registered trademark)) to which acetone is attached. conduct. The haze before and after wiping is measured at the same portion of the film, and the haze before wiping is H1, and the haze after wiping is H2.
- a nonwoven fabric e.g., Bemcot (registered trademark)
- the wiping test can be performed by the method described in Examples.
- the formula (H2-H1) ⁇ 0 is satisfied.
- the formula (H2-H1) ⁇ 1 is satisfied, and more preferably, the formula (H2-H1) ⁇ 3 is satisfied.
- the upper limit of the formula (H2-H1) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of avoiding erroneous evaluation due to unexpected scratches on the film, it is preferable to evaluate in a range that satisfies the formula (H2-H1) ⁇ 40. More preferably, the formula (H2 ⁇ H1) ⁇ 30 is satisfied.
- the conditions for uniaxial stretching the same conditions as in the tape peeling test can be applied.
- the tensile strength of the film is preferably 35 MPa or more, more preferably 40 MPa or more, still more preferably 45 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 50 MPa or more.
- the tensile strength of the film is not particularly limited, and is preferably as high as possible.
- the tensile strength of the film is measured according to JIS K7127:1999. Specifically, it is measured by the method described in Examples.
- the surface resistance value of the film is not particularly limited, and may be 10 17 ⁇ / ⁇ or less, preferably 10 11 ⁇ / ⁇ or less, more preferably 10 10 ⁇ / ⁇ or less, and further preferably 10 9 ⁇ / ⁇ or less. preferable.
- the lower limit of the surface resistance value is not particularly limited.
- the surface resistance value of the film is measured according to IEC 60093:1980: double ring electrode method with an applied voltage of 500 V and an applied time of 1 minute.
- an ultra-high resistance meter R8340 (Advantec) can be used.
- the film of the present disclosure is useful as a release film used in the process of sealing semiconductor elements with a curable resin.
- the film of the present disclosure since the film of the present disclosure has excellent antistatic performance even when stretched, it is used in the process of manufacturing a semiconductor package having a complicated shape, for example, a sealing body in which a part of an electronic component is exposed from the sealing resin. It is also useful as a mold film.
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor package includes: placing a film of the present disclosure on an inner surface of a mold; placing a substrate including a semiconductor element in the mold in which the film is placed; It includes sealing a semiconductor element in a mold with a curable resin to produce a sealed body, and releasing the sealed body from the mold.
- Examples of semiconductor packages include integrated circuits in which semiconductor elements such as transistors and diodes are integrated; light-emitting diodes having light-emitting elements; and the like.
- the package shape of the integrated circuit may cover the entire integrated circuit, or may cover a portion of the integrated circuit, that is, expose a portion of the integrated circuit.
- Specific examples include BGA (Ball Grid Array), QFN (Quad Flat Non-leaded package), and SON (Small Outline Non-leaded package).
- the semiconductor package is preferably manufactured through batch encapsulation and singulation, and the encapsulation method is the MAP (Molded Array Packaging) method or the WL (Wafer Level packaging) method. An integrated circuit etc. are mentioned.
- thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins and silicone resins are preferable, and epoxy resins are more preferable.
- the semiconductor package may or may not have electronic components such as a source electrode and sealing glass in addition to the semiconductor element. Moreover, a part of the electronic parts such as the semiconductor element, the source electrode, and the seal glass may be exposed from the resin.
- a known manufacturing method can be adopted for the manufacturing method of the semiconductor package, except for using the film of the present disclosure.
- a method for sealing a semiconductor element includes a transfer molding method, and a known transfer molding apparatus can be used as an apparatus used in this case.
- the manufacturing conditions can also be the same as the conditions in the well-known semiconductor package manufacturing method.
- Examples 1-6, 13-15 and 18-23 are Examples and Examples 7-12, 16 and 17 are Comparative Examples.
- each layer The materials used to form each layer are as follows.
- ETFE film 1 Fluon (registered trademark) ETFE LM720AXP (manufactured by AGC) is fed to an extruder equipped with a T-die, and drawn between a pressing roll with an uneven surface and a mirror-finished metal roll, A film having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was formed.
- the temperature of the extruder and T-die was 300°C, and the temperature of the pressure roll and metal roll was 90°C.
- the surface Ra of the obtained film was 2.2 ⁇ m on the pressing roll side and 0.1 ⁇ m on the mirror surface side.
- Antistatic agent-containing material 1 Aracoat (registered trademark) AS601D (manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.), solid content 3.4% by mass, conductive polythiophene 0.4% by mass, acrylic resin 3.0% by mass
- Curing agent 1 Alacoat (registered trademark) CL910 (manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.), solid content 10% by mass, polyfunctional aziridine compound
- a film was produced according to the following procedure.
- O/C and N/F analysis was performed by XPS on the base material that had been pretreated as necessary.
- the object of analysis in XPS was a depth of 2 to 8 nm from the surface of the base material.
- Information on the analyzer and analysis conditions are as follows.
- Analyzer Quantera PHI manufactured by ULVAC-Phi X-ray source: Al K ⁇ 14 kV Beam diameter: 100 ⁇ m ⁇ Measurement field of view: 800 ⁇ 300 ⁇ m 2 Measurement mode: Narrow spectrum measurement Measurement area of measurement element and binding energy of each element, integration number: C1s: 278 to 297 eV, 2 times accumulated O1s: 525 to 544 eV, 3 times accumulated N1s: 392 to 411 eV, 8 times accumulated F1s: 680 to 699 eV, 1 time accumulated Pass energy: 224.0 eV Energy step: 0.4 eV Number of cycles: 8 cycles Neutralization gun: used Angle between detector and sample surface: 45°
- the target elements in the XPS measurement were four elements, C, O, F, and N, and the ratio of each of F and N (unit: atomic%) to the total was taken as the amount of each atom. After that, O/C and N/F were determined based on each Atomic% value.
- [Preparation of antistatic layer] 100 parts by mass of antistatic agent-containing material 1 and 10 parts by mass of curing agent 1 were mixed to prepare an antistatic layer coating solution having a solid content of 2% by mass. Using a gravure coater, the antistatic layer coating liquid was applied to the substrate surface and dried to form an antistatic layer having a thickness of 0.2 ⁇ m. The coating was carried out by a direct gravure method using a grid 150# roll with a width of ⁇ 100 mm ⁇ 250 mm and a depth of 40 ⁇ m as a gravure plate. Drying was carried out at 55° C. for 1 minute through a roll-support drying oven with an air volume of 19 m/sec.
- [Preparation of adhesive layer] 100 parts by mass of (meth)acrylic polymer 1, 6 parts by mass of polyfunctional isocyanate compound 1, 21 parts by mass of diluted catalyst solution 1, and ethyl acetate were mixed to prepare an adhesive layer coating solution.
- the blending amount of ethyl acetate was such that the solid content of the adhesive layer coating solution was 14% by mass.
- the adhesive layer coating liquid was applied to the surface of the antistatic layer using a gravure coater and dried to form an adhesive layer having a thickness of 0.8 ⁇ m.
- Coating was carried out by a direct gravure method using a grid 150# roll with a width of ⁇ 100 mm ⁇ 250 mm and a depth of 40 ⁇ m as a gravure plate. Drying was carried out at 65° C. for 1 minute through a roll-support drying oven with an air volume of 19 m/sec. Then, it was aged at 40° C. for 48 hours to obtain a film.
- the chuck was moved at a displacement of 150 mm at a speed of 50 mm/min to apply uniaxial stretching strain to the film (ie, 300% stretching). Within 10 seconds after stretching, the chuck was removed and the sample was allowed to rest for 15 minutes.
- Nichiban cellophane adhesive tape "Cellotape (registered trademark)" CT-18 (width 18 mm) was stretched in advance and pasted straight on the back in a 70 mm length in the uniaxial direction, and a plastic roller with a diameter of 35 mm and a width of 40 mm was applied with a load of 4 kg. 5 reciprocating pressure bonding was performed. Within 5 minutes thereafter, the end of the laminated tape was held and peeled off at a speed of 100 m/min in a direction of 180° with respect to the film. The time required for peeling was about 0.4 seconds.
- the chuck was moved at a displacement of 150 mm at a speed of 50 mm/min to apply uniaxial stretching strain to the film (ie, 300% stretching). Within 10 seconds after stretching, the chuck was removed and the sample was allowed to rest for 15 minutes.
- the haze was measured by optical measurement of the place where the stretching strain was applied. Using a haze meter NDH5000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd., the haze H1 of the stretched portion was obtained.
- Asahi Kasei's Bemcot (registered trademark) M-3II (1 sheet, 1.6 g, 23 cm x 24 cm, non-woven fabric with a basis weight of 28.9 g/m 2 ) was folded into four and impregnated with 10 g of acetone, While pressing the acetone-attached nonwoven fabric with a load of 4 kg with one finger, the surface of the film coating was rubbed back and forth 20 times. Thereafter, acetone adhering to the film was dried in an environment of 25° C. for 15 minutes, and then the haze of the same portion as that measured before wiping was measured to obtain haze H2.
- the adhesion rank of the coating film of the film produced in each example was set as follows. A: No peeling was observed in the tape peeling test and wiping test. B: No peeling was observed in the tape peeling test, but peeling was observed in the wiping test. C: Peeling was observed in the tape peeling test and the wiping test.
- a sealing apparatus transfer molding apparatus G-LINE Manual System, manufactured by Apic Yamada Co., Ltd.
- an epoxy resin composition described later was used as the encapsulating resin.
- a roll of film with a width of 190 mm was set in a roll-to-roll manner on an upper mold with a depth of 250 ⁇ m. After the lead frame to which the semiconductor element was fixed was placed on the lower mold, the film was vacuum-adsorbed to the upper mold, the mold was clamped, and the curable resin was poured. After pressurizing at 175° C. for 5 minutes, the mold was opened and the sealed body was taken out.
- the epoxy resin composition was obtained by pulverizing and mixing the following components with a super mixer for 5 minutes.
- the cured product of this epoxy resin composition had a glass transition temperature of 135°C, a storage modulus of 6 GPa at 130°C, and a storage modulus of 1 GPa at 180°C.
- O / C is in the range of 0.010 to 0.200
- N / F is in the range of 0.010 to 0.100
- Examples 1 to 6, 13 to 15 satisfying both and 18 to 23 are excellent in withstand voltage performance.
- Example 6 A comparison of Examples 1 and 5 shows that corona treatment before plasma treatment tends to improve the tensile strength of the film. Moreover, even when the strength of the plasma treatment was increased in Example 6, favorable tensile strength was maintained by performing corona treatment in advance.
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Abstract
Description
半導体素子の封止に離型用のフィルムを用いる場合、フィルムをパッケージから剥離する際に静電気が発生し、フィルムが帯電しやすい。帯電したフィルムは、放電により半導体パッケージに損傷を与えたり、破壊させたりするおそれがある。また、損傷の加わった半導体パッケージは、使用環境下での静電気への耐性にも劣る可能性がある。したがって、半導体パッケージの生産性、及び半導体パッケージの使用環境下での静電気への耐性の観点から、離型用のフィルムとして帯電防止層付きのフィルムを用いることが好ましい。
<1> 基材と帯電防止層とを少なくとも備え、
25℃で300%の一軸延伸後、以下の条件でテープ剥離試験を行ったときの剥離面積の割合が5%未満であることを特徴とするフィルム。
ローラを用いて前記フィルムの前記帯電防止層側の表面にセロテープ(登録商標)を荷重4kgで5往復加圧接着させ、5分以内に前記セロテープ(登録商標)を前記フィルムに対して180°の方向に100m/分の速度で剥離し、前記セロテープ(登録商標)の粘着部の面積に対する前記フィルムの剥離面積の割合を得る。
<2> 25℃で300%の一軸延伸後、以下の条件で拭き取り試験を行ったときに式(H2-H1)≧0を満たす、<1>に記載のフィルム。
アセトンの付着した不織布を用いて荷重4kgで前記フィルムの前記帯電防止層側の表面を20往復こすることにより、前記フィルムの拭き取りを行う。前記フィルムの同一箇所で拭き取り前後のヘイズを測定し、拭き取り前のヘイズをH1、拭き取り後のヘイズをH2とする。
<3> X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、O/Cが0.010~0.200の範囲である、<1>又は<2>に記載のフィルム。
<4> X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、N/Fが0.010~0.100の範囲である、<1>~<3>のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
<5> 基材と帯電防止層とを少なくとも備え、
25℃で300%の一軸延伸後、以下の条件で拭き取り試験を行ったときに式(H2-H1)≧0を満たすことを特徴とするフィルム。
アセトンの付着した不織布を用いて荷重4kgで前記フィルムの前記帯電防止層側の表面を20往復こすることにより、前記フィルムの拭き取りを行う。前記フィルムの同一箇所で拭き取り前後のヘイズを測定し、拭き取り前のヘイズをH1、拭き取り後のヘイズをH2とする。
<6> X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、O/Cが0.010~0.200の範囲である、<5>に記載のフィルム。
<7> X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、N/Fが0.010~0.100の範囲である、<5>又は<6>に記載のフィルム。
<8> 基材と帯電防止層とを少なくとも備え、
X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、O/Cが0.010~0.200の範囲であることを特徴とするフィルム。
<9> X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、N/Fが0.010~0.100の範囲である、<8>に記載のフィルム。
<10> 基材と帯電防止層とを少なくとも備え、
X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、N/Fが0.010~0.100の範囲であることを特徴とするフィルム。
<11> 前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の面はプラズマ処理されている、<1>~<10>のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
<12> 前記基材は、フッ素樹脂、ポリメチルペンテン、シンジオタクチックポリスチレン、及びポリシクロオレフィンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つを含む、<1>~<11>のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
<13> 前記基材は、エチレン-テトラフルオロエチレン共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン-ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン-ペルフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)共重合体、及びテトラフルオロエチレン-ヘキサフルオロプロピレン-ビニリデンフルオリド共重合体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つを含む、<1>~<12>のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
<14> 前記帯電防止層の前記基材と反対側の面に、更に粘着層を備える、<1>~<13>のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
<15> 半導体素子を硬化性樹脂で封止する工程で用いられる離型フィルムである、<1>~<14>のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
<16> 基材の表面をプラズマ処理することと、
前記プラズマ処理された基材上に帯電防止層を設けるか、又は前記プラズマ処理された基材上に前記基材に隣接する第3の層を少なくとも介して帯電防止層を設けることと、
を含み、
X線光電子分光法による前記プラズマ処理後の前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、O/Cが0.010~0.200の範囲であるか、N/Fが0.010~0.100の範囲であるか、又はこれらの両方を満たすことを特徴とするフィルムの製造方法。
<17> 前記プラズマ処理は、アルゴンガス、アンモニアガス、又は10体積%以下の水素ガスを含んでいても含んでいなくてもよい窒素ガスの存在下で行われる、<16>に記載のフィルムの製造方法。
<18> 前記プラズマ処理の前に、前記基材の表面をコロナ処理することを更に含む、<16>又は<17>に記載のフィルムの製造方法。
<19> 前記帯電防止層の前記基材と反対側の面に、更に粘着層を設けることを含む、<16>~<18>のいずれか1項に記載のフィルムの製造方法。
<20> <1>~<15>のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム又は<16>~<19>のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により製造されたフィルムを金型内面に配置することと、
前記フィルムが配置された前記金型内に、半導体素子を備える基板を配置することと、
前記金型内の半導体素子を硬化性樹脂で封止して、封止体を作製することと、
前記封止体を前記金型から離型することと、
を含むことを特徴とする半導体パッケージの製造方法。
本開示において「~」を用いて示された数値範囲には、「~」の前後に記載される数値がそれぞれ最小値及び最大値として含まれる。
本開示中に段階的に記載されている数値範囲において、一つの数値範囲で記載された上限値又は下限値は、他の段階的な記載の数値範囲の上限値又は下限値に置き換えてもよい。また、本開示中に記載されている数値範囲において、その数値範囲の上限値又は下限値は、実施例に示されている値に置き換えてもよい。
本開示において各成分は該当する物質を複数種含んでいてもよい。組成物中に各成分に該当する物質が複数種存在する場合、各成分の含有率又は含有量は、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数種の物質の合計の含有率又は含有量を意味する。
本開示において実施形態を図面を参照して説明する場合、当該実施形態の構成は図面に示された構成に限定されない。また、図面における部材の大きさは概念的なものであり、部材間の大きさの相対的な関係はこれに限定されない。
本開示において、重合体の「単位」とは、重合体中に存在して重合体を構成する、単量体に由来する部分を意味する。また、ある単位の構造を重合体形成後に化学的に変換したものも単位という。なお、場合によっては、個々の単量体に由来する単位をその単量体名に「単位」を付した名称で呼ぶ。
本開示において、フィルム及びシートを、その厚さにかかわらず「フィルム」と称する。
本開示において、アクリレート及びメタクリレートを「(メタ)アクリレート」と総称し、アクリル及びメタクリルを「(メタ)アクリル」と総称する。
本開示において、第1~4の実施形態に係るフィルムを包括して「本開示のフィルム」ということがある。
本開示の第1の実施形態に係るフィルムは、基材と帯電防止層とを少なくとも備え、25℃で300%の一軸延伸後、以下の条件でテープ剥離試験を行ったときの剥離面積の割合が5%未満である。
ローラを用いて前記フィルムの前記帯電防止層側の表面にセロテープ(登録商標)を荷重4kgで5往復加圧接着させ、5分以内に前記セロテープ(登録商標)を前記フィルムに対して180°の方向に100m/分の速度で剥離し、前記セロテープ(登録商標)の粘着部の面積に対する前記フィルムの剥離面積の割合を得る。
ここでセロテープ(登録商標)の粘着部とは、フィルムの表面のうちセロテープ(登録商標)が粘着していた部分をいう。
アセトンの付着した不織布を用いて荷重4kgで前記フィルムの前記帯電防止層側の表面を20往復こすることにより、前記フィルムの拭き取りを行う。前記フィルムの同一箇所で拭き取り前後のヘイズを測定し、拭き取り前のヘイズをH1、拭き取り後のヘイズをH2とする。
基材の材質は特に制限されず、樹脂を含むことが好ましい。一態様において、フィルムの離型性の観点からは、基材は離型性を有する樹脂(以下、「離型性樹脂」ともいう。)を含むことが好ましい。離型性樹脂とは、当該樹脂で構成される層が離型性を有する樹脂を意味する。離型性樹脂としては、フッ素樹脂、ポリメチルペンテン、シンジオタクチックポリスチレン、ポリシクロオレフィン、シリコーンゴム、ポリエステルエラストマー、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、無延伸ナイロン等が挙げられる。離型性、耐熱性、強度、高温における伸びに優れる等の観点からは、フッ素樹脂、ポリメチルペンテン、シンジオタクチックポリスチレン、及びポリシクロオレフィンが好ましく、離型性に優れる観点からは、フッ素樹脂がより好ましい。基材に含まれる樹脂は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。基材は、フッ素樹脂の単独で構成されることが特に好ましい。但し、フッ素樹脂の単独で構成される場合であっても、発明の効果を損なわない範囲においてフッ素樹脂以外の樹脂が含有されることを妨げるものではない。
フルオロオレフィンとしては、テトラフルオロエチレン(TFE)、フッ化ビニル、フッ化ビニリデン、トリフルオロエチレン、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン、クロロトリフルオロエチレン等が挙げられる。フルオロオレフィンは、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
ETFEとしては、TFE単位と、E単位と、TFE及びエチレン以外の第3の単量体に基づく単位と、を有する重合体が好ましい。第3の単量体に基づく単位の種類及び含有量によって、ETFEの結晶化度を調整しやすく、これにより基材の貯蔵弾性率又は他の引張特性を調整しやすい。例えばETFEが第3の単量体(特にフッ素原子を有する単量体)に基づく単位を有することで、高温(特に180℃前後)における引張強伸度が向上する傾向にある。
フッ素原子を有する単量体としては、下記の単量体(a1)~(a5)が挙げられる。
単量体(a1):炭素数2又は3のフルオロオレフィン類。
単量体(a2):X(CF2)nCY=CH2(ただし、X、Yは、それぞれ独立に水素原子又はフッ素原子であり、nは2~8の整数である。)で表されるフルオロアルキルエチレン類。
単量体(a3):フルオロビニルエーテル類。
単量体(a4):官能基含有フルオロビニルエーテル類。
単量体(a5):脂肪族環構造を有する含フッ素単量体。
単量体(a2)の具体例としては、下記の化合物が挙げられる。
CF3CF2CH=CH2、
CF3CF2CF2CF2CH=CH2((ペルフルオロブチル)エチレン(PFBE))、
CF3CF2CF2CF2CF=CH2、
CF2HCF2CF2CF=CH2、
CF2HCF2CF2CF2CF=CH2等。
CF2=CFOCF3、
CF2=CFOCF2CF3、
CF2=CFO(CF2)2CF3(ペルフルオロ(プロピルビニルエーテル)(PPVE))、
CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2CF3、
CF2=CFO(CF2)3O(CF2)2CF3、
CF2=CFO(CF2CF(CF3)O)2(CF2)2CF3、
CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2CF3、
CF2=CFOCF2CF=CF2、
CF2=CFO(CF2)2CF=CF2等。
CF2=CFO(CF2)3CO2CH3、
CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)3CO2CH3、
CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO2F等。
単量体(b1):オレフィン類。
単量体(b2):ビニルエステル類。
単量体(b3):ビニルエーテル類。
単量体(b4):不飽和酸無水物。
単量体(b2)の具体例としては、酢酸ビニル等が挙げられる。
単量体(b3)の具体例としては、エチルビニルエーテル、ブチルビニルエーテル、シクロヘキシルビニルエーテル、ヒドロキシブチルビニルエーテル等が挙げられる。
単量体(b4)の具体例としては、無水マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸、無水シトラコン酸、5-ノルボルネン-2,3-ジカルボン酸無水物等が挙げられる。
第3の単量体としては、結晶化度を調整しやすい観点、及び高温(特に180℃前後)における引張強伸度に優れる観点からは、単量体(a2)、HFP、PPVE、及び酢酸ビニルが好ましく、HFP、PPVE、CF3CF2CH=CH2、及びPFBEがより好ましく、PFBEが更に好ましい。すなわち、ETFEとしては、TFEに基づく単位と、Eに基づく単位と、PFBEに基づく単位と、を有する共重合体が好ましい。
基材の厚さは、ISO 4591:1992(JIS K7130:1999)のB1法:プラスチックフィルム又はシートから採った試料の質量法による厚さの測定方法)に準拠して測定できる。以下、フィルムの各層の厚さについても同様である。
算術平均粗さRaは、JIS B0601:2013(ISO 4287:1997、Amd.1:2009)に基づき測定される。粗さ曲線用の基準長さlr(カットオフ値λc)は0.8mmとする。
本開示の第3の実施形態に係るフィルムでは、O/Cが0.010~0.200の範囲である。
本開示の第4の実施形態に係るフィルムでは、N/Fが0.010~0.100の範囲である。
X線源:Al Kα 14kV
ビーム径:100μmΦ
測定視野:800×300μm2
測定モード:ナロースペクトル測定
測定元素及び各元素の結合エネルギーの測定領域、積算数:
C1s:278~297eV、2回積算
O1s:525~544eV、3回積算
N1s:392~411eV、8回積算
F1s:680~699eV、1回積算
パスエネルギー:224.0eV
エネルギーステップ:0.4eV
サイクル数:8サイクル
中和銃:使用
検出器と試料表面の角度:45°
プラズマ処理がアルゴンガスの存在下で行われる場合、基材表面には、水酸基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基等の官能基を導入できる。
プラズマ処理がアンモニアガスの存在下で行われる場合、基材表面には、水酸基、カルボニル基、カルボキシル基、アミノ基、アミド基等の官能基を導入できる。
プラズマ処理が窒素ガスの存在下で行われる場合、基材表面には、アミノ基、アミド等の官能基を導入できる。また、窒素ガスに10体積%以下の水素ガスが混合されている場合には、更に効率よく、アミノ基、アミド基等の官能基も導入できる。
これにより、基材表面のN/Fが前記範囲となるか、基材表面のO/Cが前記範囲となるか、又はこれらの両方を満たすように調整してもよい。
窒素ガスに水素ガスが混合されている場合、水素ガスの濃度は0.01~10体積%であってもよく、1~10体積%であってもよく、1~5体積%であってもよい。
帯電防止層は、帯電防止機能を有する層であれば特に制限されない。帯電防止層は、基材上に基材と隣接して設けられてもよく、基材上に基材と隣接する少なくとも第3の層を介して設けられてもよい。
樹脂バインダとしては、耐熱性を有するものが好ましい。例えば、フィルムを半導体の封止工程で用いる場合には、約180℃における耐熱性を有するものが好ましい。耐熱性に優れる観点からは、樹脂バインダは、アクリル樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、クロロトリフロロエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、及びテトラフロロエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つを含むことが好ましい。中でも、機械的強度に優れる観点からは、アクリル樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、クロロトリフロロエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、及びテトラフロロエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つ(例えばアクリル樹脂のみ)からなることが好ましい。さらに、耐熱性、及び帯電防止剤の分散性に優れる観点からは、ポリエステル樹脂及びアクリル樹脂が好ましい。
帯電防止層において、樹脂バインダは、架橋されていてもよい。樹脂バインダが架橋されていると、架橋されていない場合に比べて、耐熱性が優れる。
一態様において、帯電防止層が、樹脂バインダ中に帯電防止剤が分散した層である場合、帯電防止剤の含有量は、樹脂バインダに対し、3~50質量%であってもよく、5~20質量%であってもよい。帯電防止剤の含有量が前記範囲の下限値以上であると、フィルムの表面抵抗値が好適な範囲となりやすい。帯電防止剤の含有量が前記範囲の上限値以下であると、帯電防止層の密着性が良好となりやすい。
滑剤としては、熱可塑性樹脂からなるマイクロビーズ、ヒュームドシリカ、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)微粒子等が挙げられる。
着色剤としては、各種の有機着色剤及び無機着色剤が挙げられ、より具体的には、コバルトブルー、べんがら、シアニンブルー等が挙げられる。
カップリング剤としては、シランカップリング剤、チタネートカップリング剤等が挙げられる。
本開示において、フィルムは基材と帯電防止層を備えていればよく、その他の層を備えていてもいなくてもよい。他の層としては、粘着層、下地層、ガスバリア層、着色層等が挙げられる。これらの層は1種を単独で用いても2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
(1)基材及び帯電防止層をこの順に備えるフィルム。
(2)基材、帯電防止層、及び粘着層をこの順に備えるフィルム。
(3)前記(1)(2)のいずれかにおいて、基材よりも帯電防止層側の任意の位置に更にガスバリア層、着色層等を備えるフィルム。
フィルムは粘着層を更に備えてもよい。粘着層は、他部材に対する粘着性を有する層である。粘着層の材質は特に制限されない。一態様において、粘着層は、ヒドロキシ基含有(メタ)アクリル重合体と、多官能イソシアネート化合物と、の反応硬化物を含んでいてもよい。この場合、ヒドロキシ基含有(メタ)アクリル重合体が多官能イソシアネート化合物と反応して架橋し、反応硬化物となる。粘着層は、ヒドロキシ基含有(メタ)アクリル重合体と、多官能イソシアネート化合物と、その他の成分と、の反応硬化物であってもよい。
ヒドロキシ基含有(メタ)アクリル重合体の水酸基価は、1~100mgKOH/gが好ましく、29~100mgKOH/gがより好ましい。水酸基価は、JIS K0070:1992に規定される方法より測定される。
ヒドロキシ基含有(メタ)アクリル重合体の酸価は、0~100mgKOH/gが好ましく、0~30mgKOH/gがより好ましい。酸価は、水酸基価と同様にJIS K0070:1992に規定される方法により測定される。
多官能イソシアネート化合物としては、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(HDI)、トリレンジイソシアネート(TDI)、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)、ナフタレンジイソシアネート(NDI)、トリジンジイソシアネート(TODI)、イソホロンジイソシアネート(IPDI)、キシシレンジイソシアネート(XDI)、トリフェニルメタントリイソシアネート、トリス(イソシアネートフェニル)チオホスフェート等が挙げられる。また、これらの多官能イソシアネート化合物のイソシアヌレート体(3量体)及びビュレット体、これらの多官能イソシアネート化合物とポリオール化合物とのアダクト体等が挙げられる。
イソシアヌレート環を有する多官能イソシアネート化合物としては、HDIのイソシアヌレート体(イソシアヌレート型HDI)、TDIのイソシアヌレート体(イソシアヌレート型TDI)、MDIのイソシアヌレート体(イソシアヌレート型MDI)等が挙げられる。
フィルムは、例えば、基材の一方の面上に、帯電防止層用の塗工液を付与して乾燥することで作製できる。また、粘着層、下地層等、帯電防止層以外の所望の層を塗工により更に形成してもよい。各層の形成において、硬化を促進するために加熱してもよい。
また、プラズマ処理は、アルゴンガス;アンモニアガス;又は10体積%以下の水素ガスが混合されていても混合されていなくてもよい窒素ガスの存在下で行われてもよい。
さらに、フィルムの製造方法は、プラズマ処理に加えて基材の表面をコロナ処理することを更に含んでもよく、プラズマ処理の前に基材の表面をコロナ処理することを更に含んでもよい。
本態様におけるプラズマ処理及びコロナ処理の詳細は上述の通りである。
(帯電防止層の密着性)
本開示のフィルムにおいて帯電防止層は優れた密着性を有し、この結果優れた帯電防止性能が得られると考えられる。一態様において、密着性の指標として以下のテープ剥離試験を用いる。
25℃で300%の一軸延伸後、ローラを用いてフィルムの帯電防止層側の表面にセロテープ(登録商標)を荷重4kgで5往復加圧接着させ、5分以内に前記セロテープ(登録商標)をフィルムに対して180°の方向に100m/分の速度で剥離し、セロテープ(登録商標)の粘着部の面積に対するフィルムの剥離面積の割合を得る。具体的には、テープ剥離試験は実施例に記載の方法により行うことができる。
前記剥離面積の割合は5%未満であることが好ましく、4%以下であることがより好ましく、3%以下であることが更に好ましく、0%であってもよい。本開示の第1の実施形態では、前記剥離面積の割合は5%未満である。
一軸延伸の延伸速度は特に規定されない。一軸延伸は、一定荷重での延伸でもよく、一定速度での延伸でもよい。一定速度での延伸の場合は、延伸部分の初期長をLmとしたとき、0.0005×Lm/分~10×Lm/分の範囲の速度で延伸することが好ましく、0.001×Lm/分~10×Lm/分の範囲の速度で延伸することがより好ましい。一定荷重での延伸の場合は、矩形のフィルムの片側を上部に固定し、もう一方に破断強度を超えない程度の重りをぶら下げる等の方法、すなわちクリープ変形によって300%まで延伸してもよい。フィルムが一軸延伸時に切れるなどの現象が生じる場合は、延伸条件を検討し、300%まで延伸する。
25℃で300%の一軸延伸後、アセトンの付着した不織布(例えば、ベンコット(登録商標))を用いて荷重4kgでフィルムの帯電防止層側の表面を20往復こすることにより、フィルムの拭き取りを行う。フィルムの同一箇所で拭き取り前後のヘイズを測定し、拭き取り前のヘイズをH1、拭き取り後のヘイズをH2とする。式(H2-H1)≧0を満たすことで、拭き取り後に剥離が生じず良好な密着性を有すると判断できる。具体的には、拭き取り試験は実施例に記載の方法により行うことができる。本開示の第2の実施形態では、式(H2-H1)≧0を満たす。好ましくは、式(H2-H1)≧1を満たす場合であり、より好ましくは、式(H2-H1)≧3を満たす場合である。式(H2-H1)の上限値は特に制限されないが、予期せぬフィルムのスクラッチ傷による誤評価をさける観点から、式(H2-H1)≦40を満たす範囲で評価されていることが好ましく、式(H2-H1)≦30を満たすことがより好ましい。
一軸延伸の条件はテープ剥離試験と同様の条件を適用できる。
フィルムの引張強度は、35MPa以上であることが好ましく、40MPa以上であることがより好ましく、45MPa以上であることが更に好ましく、50MPa以上であることが特に好ましい。フィルムの引張強度は特に制限されず、大きいほど好ましい。
フィルムの引張強度は、JIS K7127:1999に従い測定する。具体的には、実施例に記載の方法により測定する。
フィルムの表面抵抗値は特に制限されず、1017Ω/□以下であってもよく、1011Ω/□以下が好ましく、1010Ω/□以下がより好ましく、109Ω/□以下が更に好ましい。表面抵抗値の下限は特に制限されない。
フィルムの表面抵抗値は、IEC 60093:1980:二重リング電極法に準拠して、印加電圧500V、印加時間1分間で測定する。測定機器としては、例えば超高抵抗計R8340(Advantec社)を使用できる。
本開示のフィルムの用途は特に制限されない。例えば、本開示のフィルムは、半導体素子を硬化性樹脂で封止する工程で用いられる離型フィルムとして有用である。また、本開示のフィルムは延伸させても帯電防止性能に優れるため、複雑な形状を有する半導体パッケージ、例えば電子部品の一部が封止樹脂から露出した封止体を作製する工程で用いられる離型フィルムとしても有用である。
一態様において、半導体パッケージの製造方法は、本開示のフィルムを金型内面に配置することと、前記フィルムが配置された前記金型内に、半導体素子を備える基板を配置することと、前記金型内の半導体素子を硬化性樹脂で封止して、封止体を作製することと、前記封止体を前記金型から離型することと、を含む。
集積回路のパッケージ形状としては、集積回路全体を覆うものであってもよく、集積回路の一部を覆うもの、すなわち集積回路の一部を露出させるものでもよい。具体例としては、BGA(Ball Grid Array)、QFN(Quad Flat Non-leaded package)、及びSON(Small Outline Non-leaded package)が挙げられる。
半導体パッケージとしては、生産性の観点からは、一括封止及びシンギュレーションを経て製造されるものが好ましく、封止方式がMAP(Moldied Array Packaging)方式、又はWL(Wafer Lebel packaging)方式である集積回路等が挙げられる。
・ETFEフィルム1:Fluon(登録商標)ETFE LM720AXP(AGC社製)を、Tダイを備えた押出機にフィードし、表面に凹凸のついた押し当てロールと鏡面の金属ロールとの間に引き取り、厚さ50μmのフィルムを製膜した。押出機及びTダイの温度は300℃であり、押し当てロール及び金属ロールの温度は90℃であった。得られたフィルムの表面のRaは、押し当てロール側が2.2μm、鏡面側が0.1μmであった。
・帯電防止剤含有材1:アラコート(登録商標)AS601D(荒川化学工業社製)、固形分3.4質量%、導電性ポリチオフェン0.4質量%、アクリル樹脂3.0質量%
・硬化剤1:アラコート(登録商標)CL910(荒川化学工業社製)、固形分10質量%、多官能アジリジン化合物
・(メタ)アクリル重合体1:ニッセツ(登録商標)KP2562(日本カーバイド工業社製)、ヒドロキシ基含有、カルボキシ基非含有
・多官能イソシアネート化合物1:ニッセツCK157(日本カーバイド工業社製)、固形分100%、イソシアヌレート型ヘキサメンチレンジイソシアネート、NCO含量21質量%
・触媒希釈溶液1:ニッセツCK-920(日本カーバイド工業社製)、ジオクチルスズジラウリエートのアセチルアセトン希釈液 スズ含有量 0.05%
表1、2に記載の該当する例において、表1、2に記載の条件で、ETFEフィルム表面にプラズマ処理及び必要に応じてコロナ処理を行った。
必要に応じて前記前処理を行った基材に対して、XPSによりO/C及びN/Fの分析を実施した。XPSにおける分析対象は、基材の表面から2~8nmの深さとした。分析装置の情報及び分析条件は下記の通りである。
X線源:Al Kα 14kV
ビーム径:100μmΦ
測定視野:800×300μm2
測定モード:ナロースペクトル測定
測定元素及び各元素の結合エネルギーの測定領域、積算数:
C1s:278~297eV、2回積算
O1s:525~544eV、3回積算
N1s:392~411eV、8回積算
F1s:680~699eV、1回積算
パスエネルギー:224.0eV
エネルギーステップ:0.4eV
サイクル数:8サイクル
中和銃:使用
検出器と試料表面の角度:45°
帯電防止剤含有材1の100質量部と、硬化剤1の10質量部と、を混合して、固形分2質量%の帯電防止層用塗工液を調製した。グラビアコータを用いて、基材表面に帯電防止層用塗工液を塗工し、乾燥して厚さ0.2μmの帯電防止層を形成した。塗工はダイレクトグラビア方式で、グラビア版としてΦ100mm×250mm幅の格子150#-深度40μmロールを使用して行った。乾燥は、55℃で1分間、ロールサポート乾燥炉を通り、風量は19m/秒で行った。
(メタ)アクリル重合体1の100質量部、多官能イソシアネート化合物1の6質量部、触媒希釈溶液1の21質量部、及び酢酸エチルを混合して、粘着層用塗工液を調製した。酢酸エチルの配合量は、粘着層用塗工液の固形分が14質量%になる量とした。
帯電防止層表面に、粘着層用塗工液を、グラビアコータを用いて塗工し、乾燥して厚さ0.8μmの粘着層を形成した。塗工は、ダイレクトグラビア方式で、グラビア版としてΦ100mm×250mm幅の格子150#-深度40μmロールを使用して行った。乾燥は、65℃で1分間、ロールサポート乾燥炉を通り、風量は19m/秒で行った。次いで、40℃、48時間の条件で養生をしてフィルムを得た。
フィルムの製膜方向(MD)を長手にとり、長さ150mm×幅50mmの形状にフィルムを切り出した。次に、万能試験機 島津製作所社製 autograph AGC-Xを用いて予備的な歪を加える操作を行った。まず、チャック幅50mmの試料つかみ治具を装着し、チャック間を50mmに設定し、先に切り出したフィルムの両側を均等にチャック治具で挟みしわのないようにサンプルを装着した。その後、25℃環境で、50mm/分の速度でチャックを150mmの変位で移動させ、フィルムに1軸延伸歪を加えた(すなわち、300%の延伸)。延伸後10秒以内に、チャックを取り外し、サンプルを15分間静置した。
フィルムの製膜方向(MD)を長手にとり、長さ150mm×幅50mmの形状にフィルムを切り出した。次に、万能試験機 島津製作所社製 autograph AGC-Xを用いて予備的な歪を加える操作を行った。まず、チャック幅50mmの試料つかみ治具を装着し、チャック間を50mmに設定し、先に切り出したフィルムの両側を均等にチャック治具で挟みしわのないようにサンプルを装着した。その後、25℃環境で、50mm/分の速度でチャックを150mmの変位で移動させ、フィルムに1軸延伸歪を加えた(すなわち、300%の延伸)。延伸後10秒以内に、チャックを取り外し、サンプルを15分間静置した。
テープ剥離試験及び拭き取り試験結果より、各例で作製したフィルムの塗膜の密着性ランクを以下のように設定した。
A:テープ剥離試験及び拭き取り試験で剥離が観察されなかった。
B:テープ剥離試験では剥離が観察されなかったが、拭き取り試験で剥離が観察された。
C:テープ剥離試験及び拭き取り試験で剥離が観察された。
封止装置(トランスファ成形装置G-LINE Manual System、アピックヤマダ社製)を用いて、70mm×230mmの銅製のリードフレームに固定した5mm×5mm×厚さ200μmの半導体素子を封止した。封止樹脂としては後述のエポキシ樹脂組成物を用いた。封止工程前に、深さ250μmの上金型に190mm幅のフィルムのロールをロール・トゥ・ロールでセットした。半導体素子を固定したリードフレームを下型に配置した後、上型にフィルムを真空吸着し、型締めをし、硬化性樹脂を流した。175℃で5分間加圧後、型を開き、封止体を取り出した。
・フェニレン骨格含有フェノールアラルキル型エポキシ樹脂(軟化点58℃、エポキシ当量277g/eq) 8質量部
・ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(融点45℃、エポキシ当量172g/eq) 2質量部
・フェニレン骨格含有フェノールアラルキル樹脂(軟化点65℃、水酸基当量165g/eq) 2質量部
・フェノールノボラック樹脂(軟化点80℃、水酸基当量105g/eq) 2質量部、
・硬化促進剤(トリフェニルホスフィン) 0.2質量部
・無機充填材(メディアン径16μmの溶融球状シリカ) 84質量部
・カルナバワックス 0.1質量部
・カーボンブラック 0.3質量部
・カップリング剤(3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン) 0.2質量部
耐電圧が1.0kV以上である場合を良好(A)、1.0kV未満である場合を不良(C)と判定した。
JIS K7127:1999準拠、Type Vのダンベルを用い、100mm/分のチャックスピードで25℃にて引張試験を実施した。その時の破断力を測定し、初期のサンプル断面積に基づいて応力に換算した。
本明細書に記載された全ての文献、特許出願、及び技術規格は、個々の文献、特許出願、及び技術規格が参照により取り込まれることが具体的かつ個々に記された場合と同程度に、本明細書中に援用されて取り込まれる。
2 基材
3 帯電防止層
Claims (20)
- 基材と帯電防止層とを少なくとも備え、
25℃で300%の一軸延伸後、以下の条件でテープ剥離試験を行ったときの剥離面積の割合が5%未満であることを特徴とするフィルム。
ローラを用いて前記フィルムの前記帯電防止層側の表面にセロテープ(登録商標)を荷重4kgで5往復加圧接着させ、5分以内に前記セロテープ(登録商標)を前記フィルムに対して180°の方向に100m/分の速度で剥離し、前記セロテープ(登録商標)の粘着部の面積に対する前記フィルムの剥離面積の割合を得る。 - 25℃で300%の一軸延伸後、以下の条件で拭き取り試験を行ったときに式(H2-H1)≧0を満たす、請求項1に記載のフィルム。
アセトンの付着した不織布を用いて荷重4kgで前記フィルムの前記帯電防止層側の表面を20往復こすることにより、前記フィルムの拭き取りを行う。前記フィルムの同一箇所で拭き取り前後のヘイズを測定し、拭き取り前のヘイズをH1、拭き取り後のヘイズをH2とする。 - X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、O/Cが0.010~0.200の範囲である、請求項1又は2に記載のフィルム。
- X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、N/Fが0.010~0.100の範囲である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 基材と帯電防止層とを少なくとも備え、
25℃で300%の一軸延伸後、以下の条件で拭き取り試験を行ったときに式(H2-H1)≧0を満たすことを特徴とするフィルム。
アセトンの付着した不織布を用いて荷重4kgで前記フィルムの前記帯電防止層側の表面を20往復こすることにより、前記フィルムの拭き取りを行う。前記フィルムの同一箇所で拭き取り前後のヘイズを測定し、拭き取り前のヘイズをH1、拭き取り後のヘイズをH2とする。 - X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、O/Cが0.010~0.200の範囲である、請求項5に記載のフィルム。
- X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、N/Fが0.010~0.100の範囲である、請求項5又は6に記載のフィルム。
- 基材と帯電防止層とを少なくとも備え、
X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、O/Cが0.010~0.200の範囲であることを特徴とするフィルム。 - X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、N/Fが0.010~0.100の範囲である、請求項8に記載のフィルム。
- 基材と帯電防止層とを少なくとも備え、
X線光電子分光法による前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、N/Fが0.010~0.100の範囲であることを特徴とするフィルム。 - 前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の面はプラズマ処理されている、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 前記基材は、フッ素樹脂、ポリメチルペンテン、シンジオタクチックポリスチレン、及びポリシクロオレフィンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 前記基材は、エチレン-テトラフルオロエチレン共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン-ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体、テトラフルオロエチレン-ペルフルオロ(アルキルビニルエーテル)共重合体、及びテトラフルオロエチレン-ヘキサフルオロプロピレン-ビニリデンフルオリド共重合体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 前記帯電防止層の前記基材と反対側の面に、更に粘着層を備える、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 半導体素子を硬化性樹脂で封止する工程で用いられる離型フィルムである、請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 基材の表面をプラズマ処理することと、
前記プラズマ処理された基材上に帯電防止層を設けるか、又は前記プラズマ処理された基材上に前記基材に隣接する第3の層を少なくとも介して帯電防止層を設けることと、
を含み、
X線光電子分光法による前記プラズマ処理後の前記基材の前記帯電防止層側の表面化学組成分析において、O/Cが0.010~0.200の範囲であるか、N/Fが0.010~0.100の範囲であるか、又はこれらの両方を満たすことを特徴とするフィルムの製造方法。 - 前記プラズマ処理は、アルゴンガス、アンモニアガス、又は10体積%以下の水素ガスを含んでいても含んでいなくてもよい窒素ガスの存在下で行われる、請求項16に記載のフィルムの製造方法。
- 前記プラズマ処理の前に、前記基材の表面をコロナ処理することを更に含む、請求項16又は17に記載のフィルムの製造方法。
- 前記帯電防止層の前記基材と反対側の面に、更に粘着層を設けることを含む、請求項16~18のいずれか1項に記載のフィルムの製造方法。
- 請求項1~15のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム又は請求項16~19のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により製造されたフィルムを金型内面に配置することと、
前記フィルムが配置された前記金型内に、半導体素子を備える基板を配置することと、
前記金型内の半導体素子を硬化性樹脂で封止して、封止体を作製することと、
前記封止体を前記金型から離型することと、
を含むことを特徴とする半導体パッケージの製造方法。
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