WO2022142400A1 - 一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022142400A1
WO2022142400A1 PCT/CN2021/114245 CN2021114245W WO2022142400A1 WO 2022142400 A1 WO2022142400 A1 WO 2022142400A1 CN 2021114245 W CN2021114245 W CN 2021114245W WO 2022142400 A1 WO2022142400 A1 WO 2022142400A1
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strength
low
industrial yarn
polyester
reaction
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PCT/CN2021/114245
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
范红卫
陈瑞
邵义伟
王丽丽
张元华
钮臧臧
张晶晶
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江苏恒力化纤股份有限公司
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Priority to JP2023539785A priority Critical patent/JP2023553508A/ja
Priority to KR1020237018883A priority patent/KR20230104667A/ko
Publication of WO2022142400A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022142400A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/78—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
    • D01F6/84—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from copolyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/68—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
    • C08G63/685—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing nitrogen
    • C08G63/6854—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing nitrogen derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/6856—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/32—Polyesters

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of polyester fibers, and relates to a high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn and a preparation method thereof.
  • Polyester industrial yarn has high strength, high modulus, dimensional stability, and weather resistance. It is widely used in tire cord, automobile seat belt, airbag wire, geogrid cloth and other fields. With the development of polyester industrial yarn, according to its characteristics and application fields, it is gradually divided into several categories of products such as high-strength, high-modulus, special and functional types, which are widely used in canvas, thread, rope, belt, hose skeleton material, Geotextiles and grilles, safety nets, etc.
  • high strength and low elongation polyester industrial yarn has the characteristics of high strength, low elongation and high modulus.
  • polyester industrial yarn products need continuous innovation and research.
  • the strength of high-strength polyester industrial yarn mainly depends on the total draft ratio.
  • the spun silk spun from high-viscosity chips generally has a high degree of pre-orientation, and its tensile yield stress is also large, the deformation development is slow, and it is difficult to complete one-time drafting. uniformity. Therefore, in the prior art, industrial yarns with high orientation and high crystallinity are obtained by multi-stage stretching and heat-setting. At the bottleneck stage, it is difficult to improve greatly through conventional technologies.
  • the present invention provides a high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn and a preparation method thereof.
  • the present invention adopts coordination technology (specifically, Fe 3+ coordination between 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segments of different polyester segments) to increase the physical cross-linking point in the polyester industrial yarn, thereby greatly improving its breaking strength, To adapt and broaden the application of polyester industrial yarn.
  • coordination technology specifically, Fe 3+ coordination between 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segments of different polyester segments
  • a high-strength and low-elongation polyester industrial yarn the polyester segment of the high-strength and low-elongation heat-stable polyester industrial yarn includes a terephthalic acid segment, an ethylene glycol segment and a 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment, and different polyesters
  • the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segments of the segment are coordinated by Fe 3+ ;
  • the molar ratio of the terephthalic acid segment and the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment is 1:0.05-0.07;
  • the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment is involved in the coordination of two carbonyl groups O atoms and pyridine N atoms.
  • the coordination structure formed by Fe 3+ coordination between the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segments of different polyester segments is:
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn, which comprises the steps of spinning, winding and coordinating treatment of modified polyester solid-phase polycondensation and tackifying to obtain high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn;
  • the preparation method of the modified polyester is as follows: after terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid are mixed uniformly, esterification reaction and polycondensation reaction are carried out successively to obtain the modified polyester;
  • the method of complexation treatment is as follows: soak the wound fibers in a complexing agent aqueous solution, and the concentration of the complexing agent aqueous solution is 0.1-0.2 mol/L;
  • the complexing agent is FeCl 3 , Fe(NO 3 ) 3 or Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 .
  • the diffusion of complexing agents into polyester fibers can be described by the so-called channel and free volume model. Above the glass transition temperature of polyester fiber, the free volume inside the fiber is large, and contains many "holes" enough to accommodate the entry of the complexing agent. The molecules of the complexing agent diffuse through the "holes", and the polyester fiber has multiple movements. Units, including side groups, segments and the entire polymer chain, etc., when the complexing agent molecules diffuse into the fiber, the complexing agent molecules gradually combine with the ligands of the fiber to form a relatively stable complex structure within a certain period of time. unit. Coordination treatment after winding is a method of coordination.
  • this method has the least influence on fiber processing, but it takes a long time; on the other hand, the weak point of fiber is often in the amorphous region, and the The method of bit processing has the best effect on improving the amorphous region.
  • Terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid are prepared into a slurry. After adding catalyst and mixing evenly, the esterification reaction is carried out under pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere. The pressure is normal pressure to 0.3MPa.
  • the temperature of the reaction is 250-260°C, and the termination conditions of the esterification reaction are: the water distillate in the esterification reaction reaches more than 90% of the theoretical value; 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol are under the action of acid catalysis Carrying out the esterification reaction, due to the conjugation effect, its carboxylic acid activity is slightly larger than that of terephthalic acid, but it does not affect the progress of the esterification reaction, and no special adjustment is required in the process;
  • the polycondensation reaction in the low vacuum stage is started under negative pressure conditions.
  • the pressure in this stage is smoothly pumped from normal pressure to below absolute pressure of 500Pa within 30 ⁇ 50min, the reaction temperature is 250 ⁇ 260°C, and the reaction time is 30 ⁇ 50min, and then continue to vacuumize, carry out the polycondensation reaction in the high vacuum stage, so that the reaction pressure is further reduced to below the absolute pressure of 100Pa, the reaction temperature is 270 ⁇ 282 °C, and the reaction time is 50 ⁇ 90min, and the modified polyester is obtained.
  • the molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is 1:1.2-2.0:0.05-0.07;
  • the added amount of the catalyst is 0.01-0.05wt% of the added amount of terephthalic acid; the catalyst is antimony trioxide, antimony ethylene glycol or antimony acetate.
  • the intrinsic viscosity of the modified polyester after solid-phase polycondensation and tackifying is 1.0-1.2 dL/g.
  • the mechanism of the present invention is as follows:
  • the tensile strength of industrial yarn depends on the intermolecular force and molecular weight. Specifically, the tensile strength is related to the macromolecular chain length, orientation, crystallization and crystalline morphology; when the intermolecular force increases, the tensile strength also increased. Under the action of tensile stress, the macromolecular chain will slide, which is extensional flow. When there is a cross-linking point, the flow dynamics of the polymer will change. increased, the deformation decreased, and the fracture strength increased significantly.
  • one core of Fe(III) contains a plurality of pyridine ligands, and the coordination structure of the two intermolecular pyridine ligands tends to promote the aggregation of polymer chains to form Physical cross-linking point; metal-ligand interaction has strong bond energy, metal coordination bond energy is about 50 ⁇ 200kJ/mol, its strength is stronger than hydrogen bond (4 ⁇ 120kJ/mol), metal coordination bond As a supramolecular force, it has good dynamics, second only to covalent bonds, and is considered to be one of the strongest supramolecular interactions; after Fe 3+ forms a coordination bond with pyridine, the metal-ligand ligand The in-position interactions enhance the molecular interactions of the macromolecular segments and hinder the motion of the polymer chains.
  • the ligand used in the present invention is 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid.
  • 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is introduced to replace terephthalic acid, since the positions of the two carboxyl groups are in the para position of the pyridine ring, it is not compatible with p-benzene.
  • the dicarboxylic acid is highly similar, reducing the effect on the regularity of the polyester structure formed; if 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid or 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is introduced, it will have an impact on the regularity of the polyester structure, thereby affect the crystallization properties.
  • Fe(III)-pyridine coordination plays a key role in the enhanced physical mesh point, so that the polyester can maintain good mechanical properties at high temperature;
  • the high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn of the present invention has a breaking strength of ⁇ 9.0 cN/dtex, which is far higher than the level of the prior art.
  • a preparation method of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn the specific steps are as follows:
  • the molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is made into a slurry, and the catalyst (antimony trioxide) is added and mixed evenly.
  • the amount of catalyst added is terephthalic acid. 0.025wt% of the added amount, and then pressurized in a nitrogen atmosphere to carry out the esterification reaction, the pressurized pressure is 0.1MPa, the temperature of the esterification reaction is 250 ° C, and the termination conditions of the esterification reaction are: water distillation in the esterification reaction The output reaches 90% of the theoretical value;
  • the polycondensation reaction in the low vacuum stage is started under negative pressure conditions, and the pressure in this stage is stably pumped from normal pressure to an absolute pressure of 450Pa within 36min, the reaction temperature is 254 °C, and the reaction time is 44min, and then continue to vacuumize , carry out the polycondensation reaction in the high vacuum stage, the reaction pressure is further reduced to the absolute pressure of 100Pa, the reaction temperature is 277°C, and the reaction time is 75min to obtain the modified polyester.
  • the intrinsic viscosity of the modified polyester after solid phase polycondensation thickening is 1.1dL/g;
  • the spinning process parameters of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn are as follows:
  • the polyester segment of the prepared high-strength and low-extension heat-stabilized polyester industrial yarn includes a terephthalic acid segment, an ethylene glycol segment and a 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment, a terephthalic acid segment and a 2,5-dicarboxylic acid segment.
  • the molar ratio of the pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment is 1:0.05; the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segments of different polyester segments are coordinated by Fe 3+ , and the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment participates in the coordination
  • the breaking strength of high-strength and low-elongation polyester industrial yarn is 9cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 11.3%, and the elongation under load of 4.0cN/dtex is 3.2%; the initial modulus is 117.9cN//dtex.
  • a preparation method of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn the specific steps are as follows:
  • the molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is made into a slurry, and the catalyst (antimony trioxide) is added and mixed evenly.
  • the amount of the catalyst added is terephthalic acid. 0.03wt% of the added amount, and then pressurized in a nitrogen atmosphere to carry out the esterification reaction, the pressurized pressure is 0.2MPa, the temperature of the esterification reaction is 252 ° C, and the termination conditions of the esterification reaction are: water distillation in the esterification reaction The output reaches 95% of the theoretical value;
  • the polycondensation reaction in the low vacuum stage is started under the negative pressure condition.
  • the pressure of this stage is steadily pumped from normal pressure to an absolute pressure of 490Pa within 33min, the reaction temperature is 252°C, and the reaction time is 47min, and then continue to vacuumize , carry out the polycondensation reaction in the high vacuum stage, the reaction pressure is further reduced to the absolute pressure of 30Pa, the reaction temperature is 272°C, and the reaction time is 85min to obtain the modified polyester.
  • the intrinsic viscosity of the modified polyester after solid phase polycondensation thickening is 1dL/g;
  • the spinning process parameters of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn are as follows:
  • the polyester segment of the prepared high-strength and low-extension heat-stabilized polyester industrial yarn includes a terephthalic acid segment, an ethylene glycol segment and a 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment, a terephthalic acid segment and a 2,5-dicarboxylic acid segment.
  • the molar ratio of the pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment is 1:0.06; the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segments of different polyester segments are coordinated by Fe 3+ , and the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment participates in the coordination
  • the breaking strength of high-strength and low-elongation polyester industrial yarn is 9.3cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 10.8%, and the elongation under load of 4.0cN/dtex is 3.1%; the initial modulus is 118.3cN//dtex.
  • a preparation method of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn the specific steps are as follows:
  • the molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is made into a slurry, and the catalyst (ethylene glycol antimony) is added to mix evenly.
  • the amount of catalyst added is terephthalic acid. 0.01wt% of the added amount, then pressurized in a nitrogen atmosphere to carry out the esterification reaction, the pressurized pressure is 0.25MPa, the temperature of the esterification reaction is 258 ° C, and the termination conditions of the esterification reaction are: water distillation in the esterification reaction The output reaches 96% of the theoretical value;
  • the polycondensation reaction in the low vacuum stage was started under the negative pressure condition.
  • the pressure in this stage was smoothly pumped from normal pressure to absolute pressure of 500Pa within 30min, the reaction temperature was 250°C, and the reaction time was 50min, and then continued to vacuumize , carry out the polycondensation reaction in the high vacuum stage, the reaction pressure is further reduced to the absolute pressure of 25Pa, the reaction temperature is 274°C, and the reaction time is 80min to obtain the modified polyester.
  • the intrinsic viscosity of the modified polyester after solid phase polycondensation thickening is 1dL/g;
  • the spinning process parameters of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn are as follows:
  • the polyester segment of the prepared high-strength and low-extension heat-stabilized polyester industrial yarn includes a terephthalic acid segment, an ethylene glycol segment and a 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment, a terephthalic acid segment and a 2,5-dicarboxylic acid segment.
  • the molar ratio of the pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment is 1:0.07; the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segments of different polyester segments are coordinated by Fe 3+ , and the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment participates in the coordination
  • the breaking strength of high-strength and low-elongation polyester industrial yarn is 9.7cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 10.4%, and the elongation under load of 4.0cN/dtex is 2.9%; the initial modulus is 118.7cN//dtex.
  • a preparation method of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn the specific steps are as follows:
  • the molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is made into a slurry, and the catalyst (ethylene glycol antimony) is added to mix evenly.
  • the amount of catalyst added is terephthalic acid. 0.02wt% of the added amount, and then pressurized in a nitrogen atmosphere to carry out the esterification reaction, the pressurized pressure is 0.3MPa, the temperature of the esterification reaction is 260 ° C, and the termination conditions of the esterification reaction are: water distillation in the esterification reaction The output reaches 97% of the theoretical value;
  • the polycondensation reaction in the low vacuum stage is started under the negative pressure condition, and the pressure in this stage is steadily pumped from normal pressure to absolute pressure of 400Pa within 39min, the reaction temperature is 256 °C, and the reaction time is 40min, and then continue to vacuumize , carry out the polycondensation reaction in the high vacuum stage, the reaction pressure is further reduced to the absolute pressure of 20Pa, the reaction temperature is 270°C, and the reaction time is 90min to obtain the modified polyester.
  • the intrinsic viscosity of the modified polyester after solid phase polycondensation thickening is 1dL/g;
  • the spinning process parameters of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn are as follows:
  • the polyester segment of the prepared high-strength and low-extension heat-stabilized polyester industrial yarn includes a terephthalic acid segment, an ethylene glycol segment and a 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment, a terephthalic acid segment and a 2,5-dicarboxylic acid segment.
  • the molar ratio of the pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment is 1:0.05; the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segments of different polyester segments are coordinated by Fe 3+ , and the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment participates in the coordination
  • the breaking strength of high-strength and low-elongation polyester industrial yarn is 9.4cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 10.9%, and the elongation under load of 4.0cN/dtex is 3%; the initial modulus is 118.4cN//dtex.
  • a preparation method of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn the specific steps are as follows:
  • the molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is made into a slurry, and the catalyst (ethylene glycol antimony) is added to mix evenly.
  • the amount of catalyst added is terephthalic acid. 0.04wt% of the added amount, then pressurized in a nitrogen atmosphere to carry out the esterification reaction, the pressurized pressure is 0.2MPa, the temperature of the esterification reaction is 254 ° C, and the termination conditions of the esterification reaction are: water distillation in the esterification reaction The output reaches 97% of the theoretical value;
  • the polycondensation reaction in the low vacuum stage is started under the negative pressure condition.
  • the pressure of this stage is stably pumped from the normal pressure to the absolute pressure of 350Pa within 42min, the reaction temperature is 258°C, and the reaction time is 36min, and then continue to vacuumize , carry out the polycondensation reaction in the high vacuum stage, the reaction pressure is further reduced to the absolute pressure of 18Pa, the reaction temperature is 279°C, and the reaction time is 70min to obtain the modified polyester.
  • the intrinsic viscosity of the modified polyester after solid phase polycondensation thickening is 1.1dL/g;
  • the spinning process parameters of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn are as follows:
  • the polyester segment of the prepared high-strength and low-extension heat-stabilized polyester industrial yarn includes a terephthalic acid segment, an ethylene glycol segment and a 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment, a terephthalic acid segment and a 2,5-dicarboxylic acid segment.
  • the molar ratio of the pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment is 1:0.06; the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segments of different polyester segments are coordinated by Fe 3+ , and the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment participates in the coordination
  • the breaking strength of high-strength and low-elongation polyester industrial yarn is 9.6cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 10.5%, and the elongation under load of 4.0cN/dtex is 2.9%; the initial modulus is 118.6cN//dtex.
  • a preparation method of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn the specific steps are as follows:
  • the molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is made into a slurry, and the catalyst (antimony acetate) is added to mix evenly.
  • the amount of catalyst added is the amount of terephthalic acid added. 0.045 wt% of , and then pressurized in a nitrogen atmosphere to carry out the esterification reaction, the pressurized pressure is 0.25MPa, the temperature of the esterification reaction is 256 ° C, and the termination conditions of the esterification reaction are: the amount of water distillate in the esterification reaction. Up to 96% of the theoretical value;
  • the polycondensation reaction in the low vacuum stage is started under negative pressure conditions.
  • the pressure in this stage is stably pumped from normal pressure to an absolute pressure of 370Pa within 47min, the reaction temperature is 260°C, and the reaction time is 33min, and then continue to vacuumize , carry out the polycondensation reaction in the high vacuum stage, the reaction pressure is further reduced to the absolute pressure of 17Pa, the reaction temperature is 280°C, and the reaction time is 60min to obtain the modified polyester.
  • the intrinsic viscosity of the modified polyester after solid phase polycondensation thickening is 1.2dL/g;
  • the spinning process parameters of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn are as follows:
  • the polyester segment of the prepared high-strength and low-extension heat-stabilized polyester industrial yarn includes a terephthalic acid segment, an ethylene glycol segment and a 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment, a terephthalic acid segment and a 2,5-dicarboxylic acid segment.
  • the molar ratio of the pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment is 1:0.07; the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segments of different polyester segments are coordinated by Fe 3+ , and the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment participates in the coordination
  • the breaking strength of high-strength and low-elongation polyester industrial yarn is 9.8cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 10.4%, and the elongation under load of 4.0cN/dtex is 2.8%; the initial modulus is 118.7cN//dtex.
  • a preparation method of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn the specific steps are as follows:
  • the molar ratio of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is made into a slurry, and the catalyst (antimony acetate) is added to mix evenly.
  • the amount of catalyst added is the amount of terephthalic acid added.
  • the polycondensation reaction in the low vacuum stage is started under negative pressure conditions.
  • the pressure in this stage is steadily pumped from normal pressure to an absolute pressure of 320Pa within 50min, the reaction temperature is 260°C, and the reaction time is 30min, and then continue to vacuumize , carry out the polycondensation reaction in the high vacuum stage, the reaction pressure is further reduced to the absolute pressure of 15Pa, the reaction temperature is 282 °C, the reaction time is 50min, and the modified polyester is obtained.
  • the intrinsic viscosity of the modified polyester after solid phase polycondensation thickening is 1.2dL/g;
  • the spinning process parameters of high-strength and low-stretch polyester industrial yarn are as follows:
  • the polyester segment of the prepared high-strength and low-extension heat-stabilized polyester industrial yarn includes a terephthalic acid segment, an ethylene glycol segment and a 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment, a terephthalic acid segment and a 2,5-dicarboxylic acid segment.
  • the molar ratio of the pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment is 1:0.07; the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segments of different polyester segments are coordinated by Fe 3+ , and the 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid segment participates in the coordination
  • the breaking strength of high-strength and low-elongation polyester industrial yarn is 9.9cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 10.3%, and the elongation under load of 4.0cN/dtex is 2.8%; the initial modulus is 118.9cN//dtex.

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝及其制备方法，将改性聚酯固相缩聚增粘后纺丝卷绕和配位处理制得高强低伸涤纶工业丝；配位处理的方法为：将卷绕后的纤维浸泡在配位剂水溶液中，配位剂水溶液的浓度为0.1～0.2mol/L；配位处理的条件：80～100℃条件48～72小时，配位剂水溶液的浓度0.1～0.2mol/L；制得的高强低伸热稳定涤纶工业丝的聚酯链段包括对苯二甲酸链段、乙二醇链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段，且不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段的之间经Fe 3+配位；对苯二甲酸链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段的摩尔比为1:0.05～0.07；2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段参与配位的有两个羰基上的O原子和吡啶上的N原子。本发明通过不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位增加涤纶工业丝中物理交联点，从而断裂强度大大提高。

Description

一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于聚酯纤维技术领域，涉及一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚酯其分子链结构的高度对称性及苯环的刚性，使制品具有良好的机械加工性能、耐化学腐蚀性能和抗微生物侵蚀性能等，聚酯工业丝具有高强、高模、尺寸稳定、耐候等优点，广泛用于轮胎帘子线、汽车安全带、安全气囊丝、土工格栅布等领域。随着聚酯工业丝的发展，根据其特点和应用领域，逐步分成了高强、高模、特种和功能化型等几大类产品，广泛用于帆布、线、绳、带、胶管骨架材料、土工织物和格栅、安全防护网等。在长期应用过程中，不可避免地受到外力、湿热等环境因素的影响，必然会对其性能产生不利影响。其中高强低伸型聚酯工业丝具有强度高、伸长低、模量高等特点。
为了满足特定情况的需求，对工业丝力学性能的要求也越来越高，因此聚酯工业丝产品需要不断创新和研究。高强型聚酯工业丝的强度主要取决于总牵伸倍数。用高粘度切片纺出的初生丝，一般预取向度高，其拉伸屈服应力亦大，形变发展较慢，一次牵伸难以完成，故采用多级牵伸，可提高牵伸倍数和牵伸的均匀程度。因此现有技术中是通过多级拉伸、热定型来获得高取向、高结晶度的工业丝，但通过多年对高强型聚酯工业丝研究与实践，高强工业丝的断裂强度的提高已经发展到瓶颈阶段，通过常规技术难以有较大提升。
因此，研究一种涤纶工业丝的高强低伸涤纶工业丝具有十分重要的意义。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中提高聚酯工业丝断裂强度的方法存在一定局限性的问题，本发明提供一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝及其制备方法。
本发明采用配位技术(具体为不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位)增加涤纶工业丝中物理交联点，从而大大提高其断裂强度，以适应和拓宽涤纶工业丝的应用。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的方案如下：
一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝，高强低伸热稳定涤纶工业丝的聚酯链段包括对苯二甲酸链段、乙二醇链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段，且不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位；
对苯二甲酸链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段的摩尔比为1:0.05～0.07；
2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段参与配位的有两个羰基上的O原子和吡啶上的N原子。
作为优选的技术方案：
如上所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝，不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位形成的配位结构为：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000001
如上所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝，所述高强低伸涤纶工业丝的断裂强度≥9.0cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为10.8±0.5％，4.0cN/dtex负荷的伸长率为3.0±0.2％；初始模量118.4±0.5cN/dtex。
本发明还提供一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，将改性聚酯固相缩聚增粘后纺丝卷绕和配位处理制得高强低伸涤纶工业丝；
改性聚酯的制备方法为：将对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸混合均匀后先后进行酯化反应和缩聚反应得到改性聚酯；
配位处理的方法为：将卷绕后的纤维浸泡在配位剂水溶液中，配位剂水溶液的浓度为0.1～0.2mol/L；
配位处理的条件：80～100℃条件48～72小时，配位剂水溶液的浓度0.1～0.2mol/L；
配位剂为FeCl 3、Fe(NO 3) 3或Fe 2(SO 4) 3。
配位剂扩散入涤纶纤维可用所谓的孔道和自由体积模型描述。在聚酯纤维玻璃化温度以上，纤维内部的自由体积较大，含有许多足以容纳配位剂进入的“空穴”，配位剂分子通过“空穴”扩散，同时聚酯纤维具有多重的运动单元，包括侧基、链段和整个高分子链等，当配位剂分子扩散到纤维内部时，在一定的时间内配位剂分子逐渐与纤维的配体结合形成较为稳定的配位物结构单元。在卷绕之后进行配位处理是配位的一种方法，一方面，该方法对纤维加工影响最小，但需要较长的时间；另一方面，纤维的薄弱点往往在无定型区，而配位处理的方法对改善无定型区的效果最佳。Fe(Ⅲ)与吡啶配位后，阴离子可以参与配位或在配合物中起到中和电荷的作用。
作为优选的技术方案：
如上所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，改性聚酯的制备步骤如下：
(1)酯化反应；
将对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸配成浆料，加入催化剂混合均匀后，在氮气氛围中加压进行酯化反应，加压压力为常压～0.3MPa，酯化反应的温度为250～260℃，酯化反应的终止条件为：酯化反应中的水馏出量达到理论值的90％以上；2,5-吡啶二甲酸与乙二醇在 酸催化作用下进行酯化反应，由于共轭效应，其羧酸活性较对苯二甲酸的活性略大，但不影响酯化反应的进行，工艺上无需进行特别调整；
(2)缩聚反应；
酯化反应结束后，在负压条件下开始低真空阶段的缩聚反应，该阶段压力在30～50min内由常压平稳抽至绝对压力500Pa以下，反应温度为250～260℃，反应时间为30～50min，然后继续抽真空，进行高真空阶段的缩聚反应，使反应压力进一步降至绝对压力100Pa以下，反应温度为270～282℃，反应时间为50～90min，制得改性聚酯。
如上所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸的摩尔比为1:1.2～2.0:0.05～0.07；
催化剂的加入量为对苯二甲酸加入量的0.01～0.05wt％；催化剂为三氧化二锑、乙二醇锑或醋酸锑。
如上所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，固相缩聚增粘后改性聚酯的特性粘度为1.0～1.2dL/g。
如上所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，高强低伸涤纶工业丝的纺丝工艺参数如下：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000002
本发明的机理如下：
力学性能是作为聚酯工业丝所有性能中最重要的，是决定聚酯工业丝合理应用的主导因素。工业丝的拉伸强度取决于分子间的作用力及分子量，具体而言，拉伸强度与大分子链长、取向、结晶及结晶形态相关；当大分子间的作用力增加时，拉伸强度也增加。在拉伸应力的作用下，大分子链会产生滑动，即为拉伸流动，当有交联点时高聚物流动态会发生变化，具 体为流动态减少，表现为拉伸粘度提高，屈服应力增加，形变减小，断裂强度大幅增加。
本发明的Fe 3+掺杂的聚酯纤维中，Fe(Ⅲ)的一个核心周围含有多个吡啶配体，两个分子间吡啶配体的配位结构趋于促进聚合物链的聚集，形成物理交联点；金属-配体相互作用具有很强的键能，金属配位键键能约为50～200kJ/mol，其强度强于氢键(4～120kJ/mol)，金属配位键作为一种超分子作用力，具有良好的动态性，仅次于共价键，被认为是很强的超分子相互作用之一；Fe 3+与吡啶形成配位键后，金属-配体配位相互作用增强了大分子链段的分子相互作用，阻碍了聚合物链的运动。说明Fe(Ⅲ)-吡啶配位强化分子间的作用力，因此确定了Fe(Ⅲ)-吡啶配位在增强的物理网点中起关键作用，增加了聚酯的拉伸粘度，有利于提高聚酯纤维的力学性能。同时，本发明采用的配体为2,5-吡啶二甲酸，当引入2,5-吡啶二甲酸替代对苯二甲酸时，由于两个羧基的位置在吡啶环的对位上，与对苯二甲酸高度相似，减少了对形成的聚酯结构规整性的影响；如果是引入2,6-吡啶二甲酸或2,4-吡啶二甲酸，则会对聚酯结构的规整性产生影响，从而影响结晶性能。
有益效果
(1)本发明的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，Fe(Ⅲ)-吡啶配位在增强的物理网点中起关键作用，使聚酯能在高温下保持较好的机械性能；
(2)本发明的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝，断裂强度≥9.0cN/dtex，远高于现有技术水平。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)改性聚酯的制备；
(1.1)酯化反应；
将摩尔比为1:1.2:0.05的对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸配成浆料，加入催化剂(三氧化二锑)混合均匀，催化剂的加入量为对苯二甲酸加入量的0.025wt％，然后在氮气氛围中加压进行酯化反应，加压压力为0.1MPa，酯化反应的温度为250℃，酯化反应的终止条件为：酯化反应中的水馏出量达到理论值的90％；
(1.2)缩聚反应；
酯化反应结束后，在负压条件下开始低真空阶段的缩聚反应，该阶段压力在36min内由常压平稳抽至绝对压力450Pa，反应温度为254℃，反应时间为44min，然后继续抽真空，进行高真空阶段的缩聚反应，使反应压力进一步降至绝对压力100Pa，反应温度为277℃，反应时间为75min，制得改性聚酯。
(2)将改性聚酯固相缩聚增粘后纺丝卷绕；
固相缩聚增粘后改性聚酯的特性粘度为1.1dL/g；
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的纺丝工艺参数如下：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000003
(3)配位处理；在92℃条件下，将卷绕后的纤维浸泡在配位剂水溶液中55小时，制得高强低伸涤纶工业丝；其中配位剂为FeCl 3，配位剂水溶液的浓度为0.1mol/L；
制备得到的高强低伸热稳定涤纶工业丝的聚酯链段包括对苯二甲酸链段、乙二醇链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段，对苯二甲酸链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段的摩尔比为1:0.05；不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位，且2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段参与配位的有两个羰基上的O原子和吡啶上的N原子，配位形成的配位结构为：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000004
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的断裂强度为9cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为11.3％，4.0cN/dtex负荷的伸长率为3.2％；初始模量117.9cN//dtex。
实施例2
一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)改性聚酯的制备；
(1.1)酯化反应；
将摩尔比为1:1.2:0.06的对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸配成浆料，加入催化剂(三氧化二锑)混合均匀，催化剂的加入量为对苯二甲酸加入量的0.03wt％，然后在氮气氛围中加压进行酯化反应，加压压力为0.2MPa，酯化反应的温度为252℃，酯化反应的终止条件为：酯化反应中的水馏出量达到理论值的95％；
(1.2)缩聚反应；
酯化反应结束后，在负压条件下开始低真空阶段的缩聚反应，该阶段压力在33min内由常压平稳抽至绝对压力490Pa，反应温度为252℃，反应时间为47min，然后继续抽真空，进行高真空阶段的缩聚反应，使反应压力进一步降至绝对压力30Pa，反应温度为272℃，反应时间为85min，制得改性聚酯。
(2)将改性聚酯固相缩聚增粘后纺丝卷绕；
固相缩聚增粘后改性聚酯的特性粘度为1dL/g；
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的纺丝工艺参数如下：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000005
(3)配位处理；在83℃条件下，将卷绕后的纤维浸泡在配位剂水溶液中65小时，制得高强低伸涤纶工业丝；其中配位剂为FeCl 3，配位剂水溶液的浓度为0.1mol/L；
制备得到的高强低伸热稳定涤纶工业丝的聚酯链段包括对苯二甲酸链段、乙二醇链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段，对苯二甲酸链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段的摩尔比为1:0.06；不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位，且2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段参与配位的有两个羰基上的 O原子和吡啶上的N原子，配位形成的配位结构为：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000006
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的断裂强度为9.3cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为10.8％，4.0cN/dtex负荷的伸长率为3.1％；初始模量118.3cN//dtex。
实施例3
一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)改性聚酯的制备；
(1.1)酯化反应；
将摩尔比为1:1.2:0.07的对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸配成浆料，加入催化剂(乙二醇锑)混合均匀，催化剂的加入量为对苯二甲酸加入量的0.01wt％，然后在氮气氛围中加压进行酯化反应，加压压力为0.25MPa，酯化反应的温度为258℃，酯化反应的终止条件为：酯化反应中的水馏出量达到理论值的96％；
(1.2)缩聚反应；
酯化反应结束后，在负压条件下开始低真空阶段的缩聚反应，该阶段压力在30min内由常压平稳抽至绝对压力500Pa，反应温度为250℃，反应时间为50min，然后继续抽真空，进行高真空阶段的缩聚反应，使反应压力进一步降至绝对压力25Pa，反应温度为274℃，反应时间为80min，制得改性聚酯。
(2)将改性聚酯固相缩聚增粘后纺丝卷绕；
固相缩聚增粘后改性聚酯的特性粘度为1dL/g；
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的纺丝工艺参数如下：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000008
(3)配位处理；在96℃条件下，将卷绕后的纤维浸泡在配位剂水溶液中50小时，制得高强低伸涤纶工业丝；其中配位剂为Fe(NO 3) 3，配位剂水溶液的浓度为0.1mol/L；
制备得到的高强低伸热稳定涤纶工业丝的聚酯链段包括对苯二甲酸链段、乙二醇链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段，对苯二甲酸链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段的摩尔比为1:0.07；不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位，且2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段参与配位的有两个羰基上的O原子和吡啶上的N原子，配位形成的配位结构为：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000009
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的断裂强度为9.7cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为10.4％，4.0cN/dtex负荷的伸长率为2.9％；初始模量118.7cN//dtex。
实施例4
一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)改性聚酯的制备；
(1.1)酯化反应；
将摩尔比为1:1.5:0.05的对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸配成浆料，加入催化剂(乙二醇锑)混合均匀，催化剂的加入量为对苯二甲酸加入量的0.02wt％，然后在氮气氛围中加压进行酯化反应，加压压力为0.3MPa，酯化反应的温度为260℃，酯化反应的终止条件为：酯化反应中的水馏出量达到理论值的97％；
(1.2)缩聚反应；
酯化反应结束后，在负压条件下开始低真空阶段的缩聚反应，该阶段压力在39min内由常压平稳抽至绝对压力400Pa，反应温度为256℃，反应时间为40min，然后继续抽真空，进行高真空阶段的缩聚反应，使反应压力进一步降至绝对压力20Pa，反应温度为270℃，反应时间为90min，制得改性聚酯。
(2)将改性聚酯固相缩聚增粘后纺丝卷绕；
固相缩聚增粘后改性聚酯的特性粘度为1dL/g；
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的纺丝工艺参数如下：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000010
(3)配位处理；在89℃条件下，将卷绕后的纤维浸泡在配位剂水溶液中57小时，制得高强低伸涤纶工业丝；其中配位剂为Fe(NO 3) 3，配位剂水溶液的浓度为0.2mol/L；
制备得到的高强低伸热稳定涤纶工业丝的聚酯链段包括对苯二甲酸链段、乙二醇链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段，对苯二甲酸链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段的摩尔比为1:0.05；不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位，且2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段参与配位的有两个羰基上的O原子和吡啶上的N原子，配位形成的配位结构为：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000011
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的断裂强度为9.4cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为10.9％，4.0cN/dtex负荷的伸长率为3％；初始模量118.4cN//dtex。
实施例5
一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)改性聚酯的制备；
(1.1)酯化反应；
将摩尔比为1:1.5:0.06的对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸配成浆料，加入催化剂(乙二醇锑)混合均匀，催化剂的加入量为对苯二甲酸加入量的0.04wt％，然后在氮气氛围中加压进行酯化反应，加压压力为0.2MPa，酯化反应的温度为254℃，酯化反应的终止条件为：酯化反应中的水馏出量达到理论值的97％；
(1.2)缩聚反应；
酯化反应结束后，在负压条件下开始低真空阶段的缩聚反应，该阶段压力在42min内由常压平稳抽至绝对压力350Pa，反应温度为258℃，反应时间为36min，然后继续抽真空，进行高真空阶段的缩聚反应，使反应压力进一步降至绝对压力18Pa，反应温度为279℃，反应时间为70min，制得改性聚酯。
(2)将改性聚酯固相缩聚增粘后纺丝卷绕；
固相缩聚增粘后改性聚酯的特性粘度为1.1dL/g；
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的纺丝工艺参数如下：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000012
(3)配位处理；在80℃条件下，将卷绕后的纤维浸泡在配位剂水溶液中72小时，制得高强低伸涤纶工业丝；其中配位剂为Fe(NO 3) 3，配位剂水溶液的浓度为0.2mol/L；
制备得到的高强低伸热稳定涤纶工业丝的聚酯链段包括对苯二甲酸链段、乙二醇链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段，对苯二甲酸链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段的摩尔比为1:0.06；不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位，且2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段参与配位的有两个羰基上的O原子和吡啶上的N原子，配位形成的配位结构为：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000013
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的断裂强度为9.6cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为10.5％，4.0cN/dtex负荷的伸长率为2.9％；初始模量118.6cN//dtex。
实施例6
一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)改性聚酯的制备；
(1.1)酯化反应；
将摩尔比为1:1.5:0.07的对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸配成浆料，加入催化剂(醋酸锑)混合均匀，催化剂的加入量为对苯二甲酸加入量的0.045wt％，然后在氮气氛围中加压进行酯化反应，加压压力为0.25MPa，酯化反应的温度为256℃，酯化反应的终止条件为：酯化反应中的水馏出量达到理论值的96％；
(1.2)缩聚反应；
酯化反应结束后，在负压条件下开始低真空阶段的缩聚反应，该阶段压力在47min内由常压平稳抽至绝对压力370Pa，反应温度为260℃，反应时间为33min，然后继续抽真空，进行高真空阶段的缩聚反应，使反应压力进一步降至绝对压力17Pa，反应温度为280℃，反应时间为60min，制得改性聚酯。
(2)将改性聚酯固相缩聚增粘后纺丝卷绕；
固相缩聚增粘后改性聚酯的特性粘度为1.2dL/g；
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的纺丝工艺参数如下：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000014
(3)配位处理；在86℃条件下，将卷绕后的纤维浸泡在配位剂水溶液中60小时，制得高强低伸涤纶工业丝；其中配位剂为Fe 2(SO 4) 3，配位剂水溶液的浓度为0.2mol/L；
制备得到的高强低伸热稳定涤纶工业丝的聚酯链段包括对苯二甲酸链段、乙二醇链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段，对苯二甲酸链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段的摩尔比为1:0.07；不同聚酯链 段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位，且2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段参与配位的有两个羰基上的O原子和吡啶上的N原子，配位形成的配位结构为：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000015
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的断裂强度为9.8cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为10.4％，4.0cN/dtex负荷的伸长率为2.8％；初始模量118.7cN//dtex。
实施例7
一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
(1)改性聚酯的制备；
(1.1)酯化反应；
将摩尔比为1:2:0.7的对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸配成浆料，加入催化剂(醋酸锑)混合均匀，催化剂的加入量为对苯二甲酸加入量的0.05wt％，然后在氮气氛围中加压进行酯化反应，加压压力为0.3MPa，酯化反应的温度为260℃，酯化反应的终止条件为：酯化反应中的水馏出量达到理论值的98％；
(1.2)缩聚反应；
酯化反应结束后，在负压条件下开始低真空阶段的缩聚反应，该阶段压力在50min内由常压平稳抽至绝对压力320Pa，反应温度为260℃，反应时间为30min，然后继续抽真空，进行高真空阶段的缩聚反应，使反应压力进一步降至绝对压力15Pa，反应温度为282℃，反应时间为50min，制得改性聚酯。
(2)将改性聚酯固相缩聚增粘后纺丝卷绕；
固相缩聚增粘后改性聚酯的特性粘度为1.2dL/g；
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的纺丝工艺参数如下：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000017
(3)配位处理；在100℃条件下，将卷绕后的纤维浸泡在配位剂水溶液中48小时，制得高强低伸涤纶工业丝；其中配位剂为Fe 2(SO 4) 3，配位剂水溶液的浓度为0.2mol/L；
制备得到的高强低伸热稳定涤纶工业丝的聚酯链段包括对苯二甲酸链段、乙二醇链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段，对苯二甲酸链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段的摩尔比为1:0.07；不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位，且2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段参与配位的有两个羰基上的O原子和吡啶上的N原子，配位形成的配位结构为：
Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-000018
高强低伸涤纶工业丝的断裂强度为9.9cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为10.3％，4.0cN/dtex负荷的伸长率为2.8％；初始模量118.9cN//dtex。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝，其特征是：高强低伸涤纶工业丝的聚酯链段包括对苯二甲酸链段、乙二醇链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段，且不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位；
    对苯二甲酸链段和2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段的摩尔比为1:0.05～0.07；
    2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段参与配位的有两个羰基上的O原子和吡啶上的N原子。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝，其特征在于，不同聚酯链段的2,5-吡啶二甲酸链段之间经Fe 3+配位形成的配位结构为：
    Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-100001
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝，其特征在于，所述高强低伸涤纶工业丝的断裂强度≥9.0cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为10.8±0.5％，4.0cN/dtex负荷的伸长率为3.0±0.2％；初始模量118.4±0.5cN/dtex。
  4. 一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，其特征是：将改性聚酯固相缩聚增粘后纺丝卷绕和配位处理制得高强低伸涤纶工业丝；
    改性聚酯的制备方法为：将对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸混合均匀后先后进行酯化反应和缩聚反应得到改性聚酯；
    配位处理的方法为：将卷绕后的纤维浸泡在配位剂水溶液中，配位剂水溶液的浓度为0.1～0.2mol/L；
    配位处理的条件：80～100℃条件48～72小时，配位剂水溶液的浓度0.1～0.2mol/L；
    配位剂为FeCl 3、Fe(NO 3) 3或Fe 2(SO 4) 3。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，其特征在于，改性聚酯的制备步骤如下：
    (1)酯化反应；
    将对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸配成浆料，加入催化剂混合均匀后，在氮气氛围中加压进行酯化反应，加压压力为常压～0.3MPa，酯化反应的温度为250～260℃，酯化反应的终止条件为：酯化反应中的水馏出量达到理论值的90％以上；
    (2)缩聚反应；
    酯化反应结束后，在负压条件下开始低真空阶段的缩聚反应，该阶段压力在30～50min 内由常压平稳抽至绝对压力500Pa以下，反应温度为250～260℃，反应时间为30～50min，然后继续抽真空，进行高真空阶段的缩聚反应，使反应压力进一步降至绝对压力100Pa以下，反应温度为270～282℃，反应时间为50～90min，制得改性聚酯。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，其特征在于，对苯二甲酸、乙二醇和2,5-吡啶二甲酸的摩尔比为1:1.2～2.0:0.05～0.07；
    催化剂的加入量为对苯二甲酸加入量的0.01～0.05wt％；催化剂为三氧化二锑、乙二醇锑或醋酸锑。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，其特征在于，固相缩聚增粘后改性聚酯的特性粘度为1.0～1.2dL/g。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的一种高强低伸涤纶工业丝的制备方法，其特征在于，高强低伸涤纶工业丝的纺丝工艺参数如下：
    Figure PCTCN2021114245-appb-100002
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