WO2022123762A1 - 自走装置 - Google Patents
自走装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022123762A1 WO2022123762A1 PCT/JP2020/046229 JP2020046229W WO2022123762A1 WO 2022123762 A1 WO2022123762 A1 WO 2022123762A1 JP 2020046229 W JP2020046229 W JP 2020046229W WO 2022123762 A1 WO2022123762 A1 WO 2022123762A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- self
- propelled device
- laser sensor
- wheel
- laser
- Prior art date
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- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000006829 Ficus sundaica Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003936 working memory Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0231—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means
- G05D1/0238—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means using obstacle or wall sensors
- G05D1/024—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means using obstacle or wall sensors in combination with a laser
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D57/00—Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground- engaging means than wheels or endless track, alone or in addition to wheels or endless track
- B62D57/02—Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground- engaging means than wheels or endless track, alone or in addition to wheels or endless track with ground-engaging propulsion means, e.g. walking members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
- B60G3/02—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm
- B60G3/12—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm the arm being essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
- B60G3/14—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm the arm being essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle the arm being rigid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D61/00—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern
- B62D61/10—Motor vehicles or trailers, characterised by the arrangement or number of wheels, not otherwise provided for, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern with more than four wheels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/42—Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/87—Combinations of systems using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/93—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S17/931—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/20—Control system inputs
- G05D1/24—Arrangements for determining position or orientation
- G05D1/242—Means based on the reflection of waves generated by the vehicle
- G05D1/2424—Means based on the reflection of waves generated by the vehicle for monitoring a plurality of zones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/60—Intended control result
- G05D1/617—Safety or protection, e.g. defining protection zones around obstacles or avoiding hazards
- G05D1/622—Obstacle avoidance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B19/00—Wheels not otherwise provided for or having characteristics specified in one of the subgroups of this group
- B60B19/003—Multidirectional wheels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2105/00—Specific applications of the controlled vehicles
- G05D2105/45—Specific applications of the controlled vehicles for manufacturing, maintenance or repairing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2107/00—Specific environments of the controlled vehicles
- G05D2107/70—Industrial sites, e.g. warehouses or factories
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2109/00—Types of controlled vehicles
- G05D2109/10—Land vehicles
- G05D2109/18—Holonomic vehicles, e.g. with omni wheels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D2111/00—Details of signals used for control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles
- G05D2111/10—Optical signals
- G05D2111/17—Coherent light, e.g. laser signals
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a wheel-driven self-propelled device.
- Unmanned production systems such as factories are desired.
- Self-propelled devices are being developed to achieve unmanned operation.
- the self-propelled device transports the workpieces and tools before machining to each machine tool, and collects the workpieces and used tools that have been machined by each machine tool.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a self-propelled device for the purpose of "creating map information well".
- the self-propelled device is a distance measuring device that rotationally drives a light projecting unit that emits projected light and outputs distance measurement data based on the light received by the reflected light reflected by the object to be measured, and a distance measuring device based on the distance measurement data. It is equipped with a map creation unit that creates map information and an obstacle sensor that detects obstacles.
- the running of the self-propelled device needs to be controlled so as to avoid obstacles.
- An example of such an obstacle is an obstacle at a low position.
- the obstacle sensor is provided directly under the top plate portion, it is not possible to detect an obstacle at a low position.
- the wheels of the self-propelled device are configured to move up and down in order to absorb the impact during running. If the laser sensor is provided on the upper part of such a wheel, the laser sensor must be provided on the upper part of the range of vertical movement of the wheel. In this case, the self-propelled device cannot detect the obstacle at a low position. Therefore, it is desired to detect an obstacle at a low position even in a self-propelled device equipped with wheels that can move up and down.
- the self-propelled device includes a wheel-driven traveling body.
- the traveling main body includes a first wheel portion and a second wheel portion provided on the traveling main body at predetermined intervals along the traveling direction of the self-propelled device.
- the second wheel portion has a pair of wheels configured to be movable up and down with respect to the self-propelled device.
- the self-propelled device further includes a first laser sensor. The first laser sensor irradiates the laser beam while rotating it around the first laser sensor, and receives the reflected light of the laser beam to detect an object around the first laser sensor.
- the scanning surface is provided on the traveling body so as to exclude the upper part of the pair of wheels, and the scanning surface within the range through which the laser light passes during the rotation of the laser light is above and below the pair of wheels.
- the traveling body is provided so as to be lower than the highest reaching point of the moving range.
- the first laser sensor is provided between the pair of wheels in the top view of the traveling body.
- the first wheel portion has a first front wheel and a second front wheel.
- the pair of wheels are a first rear wheel and a second rear wheel.
- the self-propelled device further includes a second laser sensor having the same function as the first laser sensor and a third laser sensor having the same function as the first laser sensor.
- the second laser sensor is provided on the traveling body so as to be located above the first front wheel.
- the third laser sensor is provided on the traveling body so as to be located above the second front wheel.
- the direction of the laser beam emitted from the first laser sensor includes at least the backward direction of the self-propelled device.
- the direction of the laser beam emitted from the second laser sensor includes at least the forward direction of the self-propelled device and one direction orthogonal to the forward direction.
- the direction of the laser beam emitted from the third laser sensor includes at least the forward direction of the self-propelled device and the other direction orthogonal to the forward direction.
- the height from the ground at the highest reaching point is 200 mm or more.
- the height of the scanning surface from the ground is 200 mm or less.
- configuring the pair of wheels so that they can move up and down includes configuring them so that they can swing in a plane orthogonal to the traveling direction of the self-propelled device 100.
- the pair of wheels is an omni wheel.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the appearance of the self-propelled device 100.
- the self-propelled device 100 transports an object to be transported such as a work or a tool to an arbitrary place.
- the self-propelled device 100 includes a wheel-driven traveling body 10, a base 12, and an arm robot 13.
- the base 12 is fixed to the upper part of the traveling body 10.
- the base 12 has a cover 110.
- a laser sensor 105 (see FIG. 2), which will be described later, is provided inside the cover 110.
- the self-propelled device 100 controls the traveling of the traveling main body 10 such as the forward direction R, the reverse direction B, right turn, and left turn based on the detection result of the laser sensor 105.
- the arm robot 13 is provided on the base 12. Further, a place for the work W is provided on the base 12. The arm robot 13 grips the work W and moves the work W to a designated place.
- the device may be installed on the traveling body 10.
- the transfer device may be a robot (for example, an autoloader) driven by 2 to 3 axes.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a laser sensor 105 and two-dimensional distance data D1 output from the laser sensor 105.
- the laser sensor 105 is configured to irradiate the laser light LA while rotating it with the central axis AX of the laser sensor 105 as the center of rotation, and to receive the reflected light of the laser light LA.
- the laser sensor 105 outputs the two-dimensional distance data D1 in which the distance to the surrounding object is represented by the angle with respect to the central axis AX.
- the two-dimensional distance data D1 represents the distance to each object existing in the scanning surface SC by the irradiation angle.
- the laser sensor 105 is composed of an irradiation unit, a mirror, and a light receiving unit.
- the irradiation unit irradiates the mirror with a laser beam.
- the mirror is made rotatable around the central axis AX by a motor (not shown), and reflects the laser beam LA in each direction.
- the laser sensor 105 irradiates the laser beam LA in each direction.
- the laser beam LA is reflected by the object and returns to the laser sensor 105.
- the laser sensor 105 receives the reflected light at the light receiving unit.
- the laser sensor 105 receives the reflected light from the object and calculates the distance to the object. As an example, the laser sensor 105 calculates the distance from the laser sensor 105 to an object based on the time from irradiating the laser beam LA to receiving the reflected light of the laser beam LA. Typically, the laser sensor 105 calculates the distance to an object by multiplying the speed of light by the time. The laser sensor 105 outputs the two-dimensional distance data D1 representing the distance for each angle with respect to the central axis AX by associating the distance with the irradiation angle of the laser beam LA.
- the angle range of the distance data output by the laser sensor 105 is arbitrarily set. In the example of FIG. 2, the angle range of 0 degrees to 270 degrees is effectively set.
- the laser sensor 105 detects an object around the laser sensor 105 by irradiating the laser sensor 105 while rotating the laser light LA and receiving the reflected light of the laser light LA. do.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an outline of the internal structure of the traveling main body 10.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing a side view of the traveling main body 10.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the traveling main body 10 from the reverse direction B shown in FIG.
- the traveling main body 10 includes a frame 11, a first wheel portion 15 that functions as a front wheel, and a second wheel portion 35 that functions as a rear wheel.
- the frame 11 has a space appropriately cut out when viewed from a plane so that necessary structures can be arranged, and has a structure in which the inside is hollow in order to reduce the weight.
- the first wheel portion 15 and the second wheel portion 35 are connected to the frame 11 at predetermined intervals along the traveling direction (direction of arrow R).
- the traveling direction indicates a forward direction or a reverse direction of the self-propelled device 100.
- the first wheel portion 15 includes a first left wheel portion 16 provided on the left side when viewed from the back surface of the self-propelled device 100, and a right front wheel portion 25 provided on the right side when viewed from the back surface of the self-propelled device 100. ..
- the first left wheel portion 16 includes a first left support arm 17 provided on the left side surface of the frame 11, a left front wheel 19, and a left drive wheel 21.
- the left front wheel 19 and the left drive wheel 21 are supported at both ends of the first left support arm 17 so as to be rotatable around horizontal rotation axes 20 and 22 orthogonal to the traveling direction of the self-propelled device 100.
- the right front wheel portion 25 includes a first right support arm 26 provided on the right side surface of the frame 11, a right front wheel 28, and a right drive wheel 30.
- the right front wheel 28 and the right drive wheel 30 are supported at both ends of the first right side support arm 26 so as to be rotatable around horizontal rotation axes 29 and 31 orthogonal to the traveling direction of the self-propelled device 100.
- the first right side support arm 26 is supported by a support shaft 27 provided on the right side surface of the frame 11, and is in the vertical plane along the traveling direction of the self-propelled device 100 in the direction of arrow DE shown in FIG. It is possible to swing.
- the first left side support arm 17 is supported by the support shaft 18 provided on the left side surface of the frame 11 and is in the same direction as the arrow DE direction in the vertical plane along the traveling direction of the self-propelled device 100. It can be swung.
- the left front wheel 19 and the right front wheel 28 are driven wheels, and the left drive wheel 21 and the right drive wheel 30 are drive wheels in the traveling direction of the self-propelled device 100.
- a motor 23 is connected to the left drive wheel 21 via a speed reducer 24 provided on the first left support arm 17, and the left drive wheel 21 is driven by the motor 23 to rotate.
- a motor 32 is connected to the right side drive wheel 30 via a speed reducer 33 provided on the first right side support arm 26, and the right side drive wheel 30 is driven by the motor 32 to rotate.
- the second wheel portion 35 includes a second support arm 36 provided on the rear side of the frame 11 in the traveling direction of the self-propelled device 100.
- the second support arm 36 is supported by a support shaft 37 provided on the rear side surface of the frame 11, and is in a vertical plane orthogonal to the traveling direction of the self-propelled device 100. It can swing in the direction.
- the second support arm 36 has left rear wheels 38 and right rear wheels 40 rotatably supported around the horizontal rotation axes 39 and 41 orthogonal to the traveling direction of the self-propelled device 100 at both ends thereof. Each has.
- the second wheel portion 35 has a pair of wheels (left rear wheel 38 and right rear wheel 40) configured to be swingable in a plane orthogonal to the traveling direction of the self-propelled device 100.
- the left rear wheel 38 and the right rear wheel 40 are driven wheels.
- the left front wheel 19, the right front wheel 28, the left rear wheel 38, and the right rear wheel 40 have the same configuration, and are composed of, for example, an omni wheel.
- the left front wheel 19 can move in the rotation direction by rotating around the rotation axis 20, and can slide in the horizontal direction intersecting the rotation axis 20 with the rotation direction. ..
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a traveling main body 10 in which the right front wheel 28 rides on the step portion S.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a traveling main body 10 in which the right rear wheel 40 rides on the step portion S.
- the first left support arm 17 swings in the direction of arrow D.
- the left drive wheel 21 which is the drive wheel
- all the wheels of the left front wheel 19, the right front wheel 28, the right drive wheel 30, the left rear wheel 38, and the right rear wheel 40 are maintained in a state of being in contact with the ground.
- the first left support arm 17 swings in the direction E indicated by the arrow.
- all the wheels of the left front wheel 19, the left drive wheel 21, the right front wheel 28, the right drive wheel 30, the left rear wheel 38, and the right rear wheel 40 are maintained in contact with the ground.
- the second support arm 36 swings in the direction F indicated by the arrow.
- the left front wheel 19 the left drive wheel 21, the right front wheel 28, the right drive wheel 30, the left rear wheel 38, and the right rear wheel 40 are maintained in contact with the ground.
- the left rear wheel 38 rides on the step portion S
- the second support arm 36 swings in the direction of arrow G.
- all the wheels of the left front wheel 19, the left drive wheel 21, the right front wheel 28, the right drive wheel 30, the left rear wheel 38, and the right rear wheel 40 are maintained in contact with the ground.
- a step portion S exists on the ground, and the left front wheel 19, the left drive wheel 21, the right front wheel 28, the right drive wheel 30, and the left rear wheel are present in the step portion S. Even if one or more of the 38 and the right rear wheel 40 ride on, the corresponding support arm in the first left side support arm 17, the first right side support arm 26, and the second support arm 36 swings, thereby causing the corresponding support arm to swing. Since this step is absorbed and all the wheels are maintained in contact with the ground, the self-propelled device 100 can travel in a stable state.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing the traveling body 10 and the laser sensor 105 from above.
- FIG. 9 is a view showing the traveling body 10 and the laser sensor 105 from the side surface direction.
- the first wheel portion 15 includes a pair of wheels including the left front wheel 19 and the right front wheel 28.
- the second wheel portion 35 includes a pair of wheels including the left rear wheel 38 and the right rear wheel 40.
- the left front wheel 19, the right front wheel 28, the left rear wheel 38, and the right rear wheel 40 are configured to be vertically movable.
- the concept of "vertical movement" in the present specification may include not only rocking but also movement only in the vertical direction and other movements in which the position in the vertical direction changes.
- the laser sensor 105 avoids the vertical movement range of the wheels and causes the traveling body 10 to avoid the vertical movement range of the wheels. Need to be provided.
- the laser sensor 105 is a traveling body 10 so as to remove the upper part of the pair of wheels and so that the scanning surface SC of the laser beam LA is lower than the maximum reaching point P of the vertical movement range of the pair of wheels. It is provided in.
- the "pair of wheels” here is a concept including a wheel pair of the left front wheel 19 and the right front wheel 28, and a wheel pair of the left rear wheel 38 and the right rear wheel 40.
- the laser sensor 105 may be provided between the left front wheel 19 and the right front wheel 28, or may be provided between the left rear wheel 38 and the right rear wheel 40 in the top view of the traveling body 10. good.
- FIG. 8 shows an example in which the laser sensor 105 is provided between the left rear wheel 38 and the right rear wheel 40 in the top view of the traveling body 10.
- the laser sensor 105 is provided on the traveling body 10 so that the scanning surface SC is lower than "DW + ⁇ H". This makes it possible for the self-propelled device 100 to detect an obstacle at a position lower than the highest reaching point P of the left rear wheel 38 and the right rear wheel 40.
- the laser sensor 105 is provided on the traveling body 10 so that the scanning surface SC is parallel to the ground GR.
- the detection range of the laser sensor 105 is set so that the scanning surface SC excludes the traveling main body 10.
- the detection range of the laser sensor 105 is, for example, about 180 degrees excluding the traveling main body 10 side.
- the height from the ground GR at the highest reaching point P is 200 mm or more, and the height of the scanning surface SC from the ground GR is 200 mm or less.
- the self-propelled device 100 can detect a low obstacle at a position of 200 mm or less.
- it is required to detect a low obstacle having a diameter (height) of 200 mm and a length of 600 mm. The self-propelled device 100 can detect even such a low obstacle.
- the self-propelled device 100 controls the traveling of the traveling main body 10 based on the detection result of an obstacle by the laser sensor 105.
- the self-propelled device 100 controls the traveling of the self-propelled device 100 so as to avoid the low obstacle.
- the self-propelled device 100 stops the traveling of the traveling main body 10 when a low obstacle is detected by the laser sensor 105.
- the self-propelled device 100 is a self-propelled device so as to avoid a low obstacle when a low obstacle is detected by the laser sensor 105 and the distance to the low obstacle is equal to or more than a predetermined distance.
- the running of the self-propelled device 100 is controlled, and when the distance to a low obstacle is less than a predetermined distance, the running of the self-propelled device 100 is stopped.
- the number of laser sensors 105 is arbitrary. At least one laser sensor 105 is between the left front wheel 19 and the right front wheel 28, between the left rear wheel 38 and the right rear wheel 40, between the left front wheel 19 and the left rear wheel 38, or between the right front wheel 28 and the right side. It suffices if it is provided between the rear wheel 40 and the rear wheel 40.
- FIG. 10 is a view showing the traveling main body 10 and the laser sensors 105A to 105C from above.
- FIG. 11 is a view showing the traveling main body 10 and the laser sensors 105A to 105C from the side surface direction.
- the self-propelled device 100 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 described above includes one laser sensor 105.
- the self-propelled device 100 according to the present modification includes three laser sensors 105A to 105C.
- the surface of the traveling main body 10 seen from the forward direction of the self-propelled device 100 will be referred to as "front SF1".
- the right side of the traveling main body 10 seen from the reverse direction of the self-propelled device 100 is referred to as "right side SF2”.
- the left surface of the traveling body 10 as seen from the reverse direction of the self-propelled device 100 is referred to as "left surface SF3”.
- the surface of the self-propelled device 100 when viewed from the reverse direction of the self-propelled device 100 is referred to as "rear surface SF4".
- the laser sensor 105B (second laser sensor) is provided on the traveling body 10 so as to be located above the right front wheel 28.
- the laser sensor 105B is arranged so as to overlap with at least a part of the right front wheel 28 in the top view of the traveling body 10.
- the laser sensor 105B is provided on the traveling body 10 so that the scanning surface SC2 of the output laser light is parallel to the ground.
- the detection range of the laser sensor 105B is set so that the scanning surface SC2 excludes the traveling main body 10.
- the detection range of the laser sensor 105B is about 260 degrees (for example, 250 degrees to 270 degrees) excluding the right front corner of the traveling body 10.
- the laser sensor 105B can detect an obstacle on the front SF1 side and an obstacle on the right SF2 side.
- the laser sensor 105C (third laser sensor) is provided on the traveling body 10 so as to be located above the left front wheel 19. In other words, the laser sensor 105C is arranged so as to overlap with at least a part of the left front wheel 19 in the top view of the traveling body 10.
- the laser sensor 105C is provided on the traveling body 10 so that the scanning surface SC3 of the output laser light is parallel to the ground.
- the detection range of the laser sensor 105C is set so that the scanning surface SC3 excludes the traveling main body 10.
- the detection range of the laser sensor 105C is 260 degrees (for example, 250 degrees to 270 degrees) excluding the left front corner portion of the traveling body 10.
- the laser sensor 105C can detect an obstacle on the front SF1 side and an obstacle on the left SF3 side.
- the direction of the laser beam emitted from the laser sensor 105A includes at least the reverse direction B of the self-propelled device 100.
- the direction of the laser beam emitted from the laser sensor 105B includes at least one of the forward direction R of the self-propelled apparatus 100 and one direction orthogonal to the forward direction R.
- the direction of the laser beam emitted from the laser sensor 105C includes at least the forward direction R of the self-propelled device 100 and the other direction orthogonal to the forward direction R.
- the self-propelled device 100 can detect an obstacle existing at a circumference of 360 degrees.
- the arrangement positions of the laser sensors 105A to 105C are not limited to the examples shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. As an example, even if the laser sensor 105A is provided between the left front wheel 19 and the right front wheel 28, the laser sensor 105B is provided above the left rear wheel 38, and the laser sensor 105C is provided above the right rear wheel 40. good.
- the self-propelled device 100 may be provided with four laser sensors.
- the first laser sensor is provided between the left front wheel 19 and the right front wheel 28
- the second laser sensor is provided between the left front wheel 19 and the left rear wheel 38
- the third laser sensor is provided between the right front wheel 28.
- a fourth laser sensor is provided between the left rear wheel 38 and the right rear wheel 40
- a fourth laser sensor is provided between the left rear wheel 38 and the right rear wheel 40. All of these four laser sensors are provided at a position where the traveling surface is lower than the highest reaching point P of the wheel.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the self-propelled device 100.
- the self-propelled device 100 includes a control device 101, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 102, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 103, a communication interface 104, the above-mentioned laser sensor 105 (see FIG. 2), and a motor drive device 106. And the storage device 120. These components are connected to bus 109.
- the control device 101 is composed of, for example, at least one integrated circuit.
- the integrated circuit is, for example, at least one CPU (Central Processing Unit), at least one GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), at least one ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), at least one FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or them. It may be composed of a combination of.
- the control device 101 is a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller).
- the control device 101 controls the operation of the self-propelled device 100 by executing various programs such as the control program 122 and the operating system.
- the control device 101 reads the control program 122 from the storage device 120 or the ROM 102 into the RAM 103 based on the reception of the execution command of the control program 122.
- the RAM 103 functions as a working memory and temporarily stores various data necessary for executing the control program 122.
- a LAN Local Area Network
- an antenna or the like is connected to the communication interface 104.
- the self-propelled device 100 realizes wireless communication or wired communication with an external device via the communication interface 104.
- the external device includes, for example, a server (not shown), a user terminal for operating the self-propelled device 100 (not shown), and the like.
- the user terminal is, for example, a tablet terminal or a smartphone. The user can control the traveling of the self-propelled device 100 via the user terminal.
- the motor drive device 106 controls the rotation of the above-mentioned motors 23 and 32 (see FIG. 3) according to a control command from the control device 101.
- the control command includes, for example, a forward rotation command of the motors 23 and 32, a reverse rotation command of the motors 23 and 32, a rotation speed of the motors 23 and 32, and the like.
- a stepping motor or a servo motor is adopted for the motors 23 and 32.
- the storage device 120 is a storage medium such as a hard disk or a flash memory.
- the storage device 120 stores a control program 122 for controlling the travel of the self-propelled device 100, a three-dimensional map 124 that defines a travel route of the self-propelled device 100, and the like.
- the storage location of the control program 122 and the three-dimensional map 124 is not limited to the storage device 120, but is stored in a storage area of the control device 101 (for example, a cache memory), a ROM 102, a RAM 103, an external device (for example, a server), or the like. May be.
- control program 122 may be provided by being incorporated into a part of an arbitrary program, not as a single program.
- the travel control process of the self-propelled device 100 by the control program 122 is realized in cooperation with an arbitrary program. Even a program that does not include such a part of the modules does not deviate from the purpose of the control program 122 according to the present embodiment.
- some or all of the functions provided by the control program 122 may be realized by dedicated hardware.
- the self-propelled device 100 may be configured in the form of a so-called cloud service in which at least one server executes a part of the processing of the control program 122.
- the laser sensor 105 is provided so that the upper portion of the pair of wheels is removed and the scanning surface SC of the laser beam LA is lower than the maximum reaching point P of the vertical movement range of the pair of wheels. , Provided on the traveling body 10. This makes it possible for the self-propelled device 100 to detect an obstacle at a position lower than the highest reaching point P of the left rear wheel 38 and the right rear wheel 40.
- 10 driving body 11 frame, 12 base, 13 arm robot, 15 first wheel part, 16 first left wheel part, 17 first left support arm, 18, 27, 37 support shaft, 19 left front wheel, 20, 22 , 29, 31, 39, 41 rotary shaft, 21 left drive wheel, 23, 32 motor, 24, 33 reducer, 25 right front wheel part, 26 first right support arm, 28 right front wheel, 30 right drive wheel, 35th 2 wheels, 36 2nd support arm, 38 left rear wheel, 40 right rear wheel, 100 self-propelled device, 101 control device, 102 ROM, 103 RAM, 104 communication interface, 105, 105A, 105B, 105C laser sensor, 106 Motor drive, 109 bus, 110 cover, 120 storage device, 122 control program, 124 3D map.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の上記および他の目的、特徴、局面および利点は、添付の図面と関連して理解される本発明に関する次の詳細な説明から明らかとなるであろう。
まず、図1を参照して、自走装置100について説明する。図1は、自走装置100の外観を示す図である。
次に、図2を参照して、自走装置100のカバー110内に設けられているレーザセンサ105について説明する。図2は、レーザセンサ105と、レーザセンサ105から出力される2次元距離データD1とを示す図である。
次に、図3~図5を参照して、図1に示され走行本体10について説明する。図3は、走行本体10の内部構造の概略を示す図である。図4は、走行本体10の側面図を示す図である。図5は、図3に示される後進方向Bから走行本体10を示す図である。
次に、図6および図7を参照して、自走装置100が段差に乗り上げた際の走行態様について説明する。図6は、右側前輪28が段差部Sに乗り上げている走行本体10を示す図である。図7は、右側後輪40が段差部Sに乗り上げている走行本体10を示す図である。
次に、図8および図9を参照して、自走装置100におけるレーザセンサ105の配置位置について説明する。図8は、走行本体10およびレーザセンサ105を上方向から表わした図である。図9は、走行本体10およびレーザセンサ105を側面方向から表わした図である。
次に、図10および図11を参照して、自走装置100の変形例について説明する。図10は、走行本体10およびレーザセンサ105A~105Cを上方向から表わした図である。図11は、走行本体10およびレーザセンサ105A~105Cを側面方向から表わした図である。
次に、図12を参照して、自走装置100のハードウェア構成について説明する。図12は、自走装置100のハードウェア構成の一例を示す図である。
以上のようにして、レーザセンサ105は、一対の車輪の上部を除くように、かつ、レーザ光LAの走査面SCが当該一対の車輪の上下動範囲の最高到達点Pよりも低くなるように、走行本体10に設けられる。これにより、自走装置100は、左側後輪38および右側後輪40の最高到達点Pよりも低い位置にある障害物を検出することが可能になる。
Claims (8)
- 自走装置であって、
車輪駆動の走行本体を備え、
前記走行本体は、前記自走装置の走行方向に沿って所定間隔を空けて前記走行本体に設けられている第1車輪部および第2車輪部を含み、
前記第2車輪部は、前記自走装置に対して上下動可能に構成される一対の車輪を有し、
前記自走装置は、さらに、第1レーザセンサを備え、
前記第1レーザセンサは、
当該第1レーザセンサを中心としてレーザ光を回転させながら照射し、当該レーザ光の反射光を受光することで、当該第1レーザセンサの周囲にある物体を検出するように構成されており、
前記一対の車輪の上部を除くように前記走行本体に設けられ、かつ、前記レーザ光の回転中に当該レーザ光が通過する範囲である走査面が前記一対の車輪の上下動範囲の最高到達点よりも低くなるように前記走行本体に設けられている、自走装置。 - 前記第1レーザセンサは、前記走行本体の上面視において、前記一対の車輪の間に設けられている、請求項1に記載の自走装置。
- 前記第1車輪部は、第1前輪および第2前輪を有し、
前記一対の車輪は、第1後輪および第2後輪である、請求項1または2に記載の自走装置。 - 前記自走装置は、さらに、
前記第1レーザセンサと同機能の第2レーザセンサと、
前記第1レーザセンサと同機能の第3レーザセンサとを備え、
前記第2レーザセンサは、前記第1前輪の上部に位置するように前記走行本体に設けられており、
前記第3レーザセンサは、前記第2前輪の上部に位置するように前記走行本体に設けられている、請求項3に記載の自走装置。 - 前記第1レーザセンサから照射されるレーザ光の方向は、前記自走装置の後進方向を少なくとも含み、
前記第2レーザセンサから照射されるレーザ光の方向は、前記自走装置の前進方向と、当該前進方向と直交する一方の方向とを少なくとも含み、
前記第3レーザセンサから照射されるレーザ光の方向は、前記自走装置の前進方向と、当該前進方向と直交する他方の方向とを少なくとも含む、請求項4に記載の自走装置。 - 前記最高到達点における地面からの高さは、200mm以上であり、
前記走査面の地面からの高さは、200mm以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の自走装置。 - 前記一対の車輪を上下動可能に構成することは、自走装置100の走行方向と直交する平面内で揺動可能に構成することを含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の自走装置。
- 前記一対の車輪は、オムニホイールである、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の自走装置。
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EP20965144.7A EP4250043A4 (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | SELF-PROPELLED DEVICE |
JP2022534793A JP7266757B2 (ja) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | 自走装置 |
PCT/JP2020/046229 WO2022123762A1 (ja) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | 自走装置 |
CN202080107776.7A CN116615698A (zh) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | 自行装置 |
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JP2009301401A (ja) * | 2008-06-16 | 2009-12-24 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | 自律移動装置 |
JP2014186695A (ja) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-02 | Murata Mach Ltd | 自律移動装置 |
JP2019008359A (ja) | 2017-06-20 | 2019-01-17 | 日本電産シンポ株式会社 | 移動装置 |
JP6779398B1 (ja) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-11-04 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 走行装置 |
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WO2018047117A1 (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-03-15 | Dematic Corp. | Free ranging automated guided vehicle and operational system |
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JP2009301401A (ja) * | 2008-06-16 | 2009-12-24 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | 自律移動装置 |
JP2014186695A (ja) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-02 | Murata Mach Ltd | 自律移動装置 |
JP2019008359A (ja) | 2017-06-20 | 2019-01-17 | 日本電産シンポ株式会社 | 移動装置 |
JP6779398B1 (ja) * | 2020-02-06 | 2020-11-04 | Dmg森精機株式会社 | 走行装置 |
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