WO2021210558A1 - カルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末およびカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末の製造方法 - Google Patents
カルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末およびカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021210558A1 WO2021210558A1 PCT/JP2021/015251 JP2021015251W WO2021210558A1 WO 2021210558 A1 WO2021210558 A1 WO 2021210558A1 JP 2021015251 W JP2021015251 W JP 2021015251W WO 2021210558 A1 WO2021210558 A1 WO 2021210558A1
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- carboxylic acid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B1/00—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated
- B03B1/04—Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated by additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
- B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/16—Metallic particles coated with a non-metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/113—Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
- C01B33/12—Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
- C01B33/18—Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder and a method for producing a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder.
- conductive metal powder has been used as a conductive material for electronic parts.
- both the ceramic layer and the internal electrode layer are rapidly becoming thinner, so it is required to form an internal electrode layer having a thin and uniform thickness. Therefore, the conductive metal powder for the internal electrodes of the multilayer ceramic capacitor has a narrow particle size distribution and does not contain coarse particles that may cause short-circuiting of the electrodes by contacting both of the internal electrodes adjacent to each other with the dielectric layer in between.
- it is required to be uniformly dispersed in the paste.
- a method for classifying powders produced by various production methods has been used.
- this classification method for example, there is a method of classifying powders according to the difference in particle size by utilizing the difference in the sedimentation rate of particles in the gas phase or the liquid phase.
- the classification performed in the gas phase is called dry classification
- the classification performed in the liquid phase is called wet classification.
- the wet classification has excellent classification accuracy, it is necessary to use a liquid as a dispersion medium, and it is necessary to perform drying and crushing after the classification. Therefore, the dry classification is overwhelmingly lower cost.
- Patent Document 1 describes a powder and an auxiliary agent consisting of alcohols having a boiling point of less than 200 ° C. such as ethanol, and vaporizes the auxiliary agent.
- a method for dry-classifying powders is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of mixing a powder and an auxiliary agent consisting of an aqueous alcohol solution containing 10 to 50% by mass of alcohol such as ethanol, and dry-classifying the powder while vaporizing the auxiliary agent. ing.
- Patent Document 3 describes a method in which a powder made of nickel and an auxiliary agent made of an organic solvent having a flash point of 80 ° C. or higher such as diethylene glycol are mixed, and the powder is dry-classified while vaporizing the auxiliary agent. Is disclosed. Further, a method of mixing a powder made of nickel and an auxiliary agent made of water and dry-classifying the powder while vaporizing the auxiliary agent is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a method of mixing a powder and a diethylene glycol monomethyl ether as a liquid auxiliary agent to dry-classify the powder.
- the classifier can be operated for a long time, but the obtained powder can be obtained.
- the obtained powder can be obtained.
- the productivity is lowered due to the time and cost, and the yield of the obtained powder is remarkably lowered. ..
- the powder obtained as described above may be uniformly dispersed in the paste obtained by mixing with an organic solvent or the like.
- an object of the present invention is a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder having high dispersibility in the gas phase and having high dispersibility in the paste when mixed with an organic solvent or the like and used for forming a paste.
- the purpose is to provide the manufacturing method.
- TG-MS a peak was detected in the mass spectrometer of the molecular ion of the carboxylic acid when the temperature was raised from 38 ° C. to 600 ° C. at a heating rate of 20 ° C./min in an inert atmosphere, and the carboxylic acid
- T bp [° C.] the peak top of the peak exists in the range of (T bp +100) ° C. or higher and 600 ° C. or lower.
- a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder in which the content of the carboxylic acid per 1 m 2 of the surface area of the nickel particles constituting the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder is 155 ⁇ g or more and 450 ⁇ g or less.
- a method for producing a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder which comprises a step of bringing a gaseous carboxylic acid into contact with the nickel powder dispersed in the gas phase.
- a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder having high dispersibility in a gas phase and having high dispersibility in the paste when mixed with an organic solvent or the like and used for forming a paste, and its production.
- a method can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a classifier used to obtain a fine powder having an extremely small number of coarse particles using the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention contains a plurality of nickel particles and has a carboxylic acid on the surface of the nickel particles.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention contains carboxylic acid-adsorbed nickel particles in which carboxylic acid is adsorbed on the surface of nickel particles as mother particles.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention is heated from 38 ° C. to 600 ° C. at a heating rate of 20 ° C./min in an inert atmosphere by TG-MS (heat weight-mass spectrometry), the above-mentioned
- TG-MS heat weight-mass spectrometry
- the peak top of the peak is within the range of (T bp +100) ° C. or higher and 600 ° C. or lower.
- the content of the carboxylic acid per 1 m 2 of the surface area of the nickel particles is 155 ⁇ g or more and 450 ⁇ g or less.
- a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder having high dispersibility in the gas phase and having high dispersibility in the paste when mixed with an organic solvent or the like and used for forming a paste can be obtained.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder has excellent dispersibility in the gas phase as described above, coarse particles can be suitably removed by the dry classification, and for example, the dry classification is excellent. In terms of yield, a fine powder having a sharp particle size distribution can be preferably obtained.
- the dispersibility of the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder in the paste containing the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder is excellent, the smoothness of the coating film formed by using the paste can be made excellent.
- the peak top value of the peak of the molecular ion of the carboxylic acid detected by TG-MS in the mass chromatogram can be adjusted by, for example, the adsorption form of the carboxylic acid on the nickel particles. More specifically, for example, by adjusting the method of adsorbing carboxylic acid to nickel particles, the conditions of adsorption treatment, the amount of adsorption, etc., the peak of the molecular ion of carboxylic acid detected by TG-MS in the mass chromatogram.
- the value of the peak top of is preferably adjusted.
- the coarse particles are particle diameters sufficiently larger than the cumulative 50% particle diameter (D 50 ) of the target powder, for example, the powder obtained by the classification as described above.
- the particle size can be 1.5 times or more the D 50 of the target powder, and for example, the D 50 of the target powder. can be 0 times or more particles, also it can be, for example, 2.5 times or more of the particles of D 50 of the powder of interest.
- the cumulative 50% particle size (D 50 ) based on the volume is 50% of the cumulative fraction of the particle size distribution measured using a laser particle size distribution measuring device unless otherwise specified. It refers to a value and can be obtained by measurement using, for example, a laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring device LA-960 (manufactured by HORIBA).
- the TG-MS includes, for example, STA2500 Regulus manufactured by NETZSCH as a TG-DTA for raising the temperature of the sample, and JMS manufactured by JEOL Ltd. as the MS for mass spectrometry of the substance vaporized by raising the temperature of the sample.
- -Q1500GC can be used.
- the carboxylic acid content per 1 m 2 of the surface area of the nickel particles constituting the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder was measured using a CS (carbon / sulfur) analyzer (for example, EMIA-320V manufactured by HORIBA). Can be sought.
- CS carbon / sulfur
- a predetermined region ((Tbp + 100) ° C.) different from the boiling point of the carboxylic acid is found in the mass spectrogram of the molecular ion of the carboxylic acid as analyzed by TG-MS. A peak appears in the range of 600 ° C. or lower). It is considered that this is because the carboxylic acid is adsorbed on the nickel particles in a specific form. Although the detailed mechanism is unknown, the inventor has, for example, that the carboxylic acid is chemically adsorbed on the nickel particles, so that the carboxylic acid is more strongly adsorbed than when it is physically adsorbed. Therefore, the boiling point of the carboxylic acid is + 100 ° C.
- the carboxylic acid is adsorbed on the nickel particles in a specific form, and the carboxylic acid is adsorbed on the surface of the nickel particles at an appropriate ratio.
- the above-mentioned excellent effects can be obtained, that is, the dispersibility in the gas phase is improved, and the dispersibility in the paste when mixed with an organic solvent or the like and used for forming the paste. Is expected to improve.
- the content of the carboxylic acid per 1 m 2 of the surface area of the nickel particles is at least the above lower limit value, the dispersibility of the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder in the gas phase can be sufficiently excellent.
- the content of carboxylic acid per 1 m 2 of the surface area of the nickel particles is not more than the above upper limit value, the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder in the paste when mixed with an organic solvent or the like and used for forming a paste.
- the dispersibility of the paste can be made sufficiently excellent.
- boiling point refers to the boiling point under 1 atm, that is, the standard boiling point, unless otherwise specified.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder contains a plurality of types of carboxylic acids
- the peak top of the peak of the molecular ion of the carboxylic acid detected by the analysis by TG-MS as described above is (T bp + 100) ° C. It may be present in the range of 600 ° C. or higher, but preferably in the range of (T bp + 120) ° C. or higher and 580 ° C. or lower, and preferably in the range of (Tb + 150) ° C. or higher and 560 ° C. or lower. It is more preferably present, more preferably in the range of (T bp +200) ° C. or higher and 540 ° C. or lower , and more preferably in the range of (T bp +230) ° C. or higher and 520 ° C. or lower. Is the most preferable. As a result, the above-mentioned effect is more prominently exhibited.
- the content of carboxylic acid per 1 m 2 of the surface area of the nickel particles may be 155 ⁇ g or more and 450 ⁇ g or less, but preferably 155 ⁇ g or more and 400 ⁇ g or less, and 155 ⁇ g or more and 380 ⁇ g. It is more preferably 155 ⁇ g or more and 350 ⁇ g or less.
- the content of carboxylic acid per 1 m 2 of the surface area of the nickel particles is preferably 160 ⁇ g or more and 350 ⁇ g or less, more preferably 170 ⁇ g or more and 350 ⁇ g or less, and 250 ⁇ g or more. It is more preferably 350 ⁇ g or less. As a result, the above-mentioned effect is more prominently exhibited.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention is found in the mass chromatogram of the molecular ion of the carboxylic acid within the range of (T bp + 100) ° C. or higher and 600 ° C. or lower when analyzed by TG-MS as described above. It suffices if the peak top of the peak is present, and further, the peak top of the peak in the mass chromatogram of the molecular ion of the carboxylic acid may be present outside the above range, but is (T bp- 50) ° C. or higher. It is preferable that there is no peak top of the peak in the mass chromatogram of the molecular ion of the carboxylic acid in the range of (T bp +50) ° C. or lower.
- the dispersibility of the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder in the gas phase can be made more excellent.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder contains a plurality of types of carboxylic acids
- the volume-based cumulative 50% particle size D 50 of the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder is preferably more than 0.01 ⁇ m and less than 10 ⁇ m, more preferably more than 0.03 ⁇ m and less than 2.5 ⁇ m, and more than 0.05 ⁇ m 1. It is more preferably .2 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably more than 0.10 ⁇ m and 0.80 ⁇ m or less.
- Nickel Particles form the main component of carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder, and are mainly composed of nickel.
- the nickel particles may be mainly composed of nickel, and may be composed of nickel as a simple substance metal or a nickel alloy, for example.
- the component having the highest content of nickel particles may be nickel, but the content of components other than nickel in the nickel particles is preferably 40% by mass or less, preferably 30% by mass or less. More preferably, it is 20% by mass or less.
- the content of components other than nickel in the nickel particles is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and further preferably 1% by mass or less.
- the components other than nickel in the nickel particles are preferably contained only as unavoidable components, and the content of the components other than nickel in the nickel particles is preferably 1000 ppm or less.
- the shape of the nickel particles is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include various shapes such as spherical, flake-shaped, and granular, and one or a combination of two or more selected from these can be used.
- the term "spherical" means the shape of particles having a major axis / minor axis ratio of 2 or less. Further, the flake shape means a shape in which the ratio of the major axis / the minor axis exceeds 2.
- the method for producing the nickel particles is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an electrolysis method, an atomizing method, a mechanical pulverization method, a wet reduction method, a spray pyrolysis method, a chemical vapor phase precipitation method, and a physical vapor phase precipitation method. ..
- carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder contains carboxylic acid in addition to the nickel particles described above.
- carboxylic acid contained in the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder is adsorbed on the surface of the nickel particles as the mother particles.
- carboxylic acid contained in the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder is contained as a component of the carboxylic acid-adsorbed nickel particles.
- the form of adsorption of carboxylic acid to nickel particles can be either physical adsorption or chemical adsorption.
- the carboxylic acid is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having a carboxyl group.
- the carboxylic acid preferably has a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher and 270 ° C. or lower, more preferably 105 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower, further preferably 110 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower, 115 ° C. or higher. Most preferably, the temperature is °C or more and 170 °C or less.
- the sex can be made better.
- the carboxylic acid as a raw material can be preferably handled in a liquid state, the handling property is improved, and the carboxylic acid is adsorbed on the nickel powder in a vaporized state.
- the carboxylic acid can be adsorbed in a more suitable state with respect to the nickel powder.
- the carboxylic acid is preferably a monocarboxylic acid.
- the molecular weight of the carboxylic acid is preferably 40 or more and 160 or less, more preferably 50 or more and 120 or less, and further preferably 55 or more and 100 or less.
- the sex can be made better.
- the carbon number of the carboxylic acid is preferably 2 or more and 9 or less, more preferably 2 or more and 7 or less, and further preferably 2 or more and 5 or less.
- the sex can be made better.
- carboxylic acids examples include formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid, crotonic acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, capric acid, pelargonic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid and olein.
- Acids, acrylic acids, methacrylic acids and the like can be mentioned, and one or more selected from these can be used in combination, but at least one selected from the group consisting of acetic acid and propionic acid is at least one. It is preferably acetic acid, more preferably acetic acid.
- the sex can be made better.
- carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention is not particularly limited, but can be used as a conductive powder, and in particular, it is used as a conductive powder for a conductive paste. Is preferable. Since the powder has high dispersibility, the dispersibility in the paste tends to be high. Further, in particular, the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention is preferably used as a conductive powder after being subjected to a classification step as described later, particularly after being subjected to a dry classification step. It is more preferable to use it as a conductive powder for a conductive paste. Further, since the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention has high fluidity and excellent handleability, it can be easily handled when it is used for various purposes.
- a fine powder having a small average particle size, a narrow particle size distribution, and almost no coarse particles can be preferably obtained. ..
- Such a fine powder has a narrower particle size distribution than the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention before classification, so that a coating film having better smoothness can be formed, and when the fine powder is used for an internal electrode, it can be formed. Can form an electrode layer of uniform thickness. Further, since it contains almost no coarse particles, it is preferably prevented that the conductive powder particles come into contact with both of the internal electrodes and cause a short circuit. Therefore, even in such an application requiring particularly high reliability, a sufficiently satisfactory effect can be obtained.
- the fine powder is used for forming an internal conductor (internal electrode) or a terminal electrode of a laminated ceramic electronic component such as a laminated ceramic capacitor, a laminated ceramic inductor, or a laminated piezoelectric actuator, the above-mentioned effect is obtained. It is more prominent.
- the conductive powder may be used, for example, as a conductive paste by mixing a glass frit and an organic vehicle to form a conductive portion of an electronic component.
- the method for producing a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention is the method for producing the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention described above, and the nickel powder is an aggregate of a plurality of nickel particles dispersed in the gas phase. It has a step of contacting a gaseous carboxylic acid.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder having high dispersibility in the gas phase and having high dispersibility in the paste when mixed with an organic solvent or the like and used for forming the paste.
- a manufacturing method can be provided. Further, as compared with the case where the carboxylic acid in the gaseous state is brought into contact with the nickel powder in the stationary state, the concentration of the carboxylic acid is low and the carboxylic acid can be adsorbed on the surface of the nickel particles in an overwhelmingly short time. Therefore, it is advantageous from the viewpoint of carboxylic acid consumption and time reduction.
- the method for producing a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention may include a step of bringing the gaseous carboxylic acid into contact with the nickel powder dispersed in the gas phase.
- a step of bringing the gaseous carboxylic acid into contact with the nickel powder dispersed in the gas phase For example, an atmosphere containing the gaseous carboxylic acid. It is preferable to disperse nickel powder, which is an aggregate of a plurality of nickel particles, therein.
- the carboxylic acid in a gaseous state in the gas phase with the nickel powder dispersed in the gas phase at the time of production dispersed in the gas phase May be carried out by contacting the nickel powder with a gaseous carboxylic acid.
- the carboxylic acid gas can be brought into contact with the nickel powder having a better dispersed state. , The carboxylic acid can be adsorbed more uniformly.
- Examples of the method for producing the nickel powder dispersed in the gas phase at the time of formation include a gas phase method such as a chemical vapor phase precipitation method and a physical vapor phase precipitation method, an atomization method, and a spray pyrolysis method. Be done.
- a gas phase method such as a chemical vapor phase precipitation method and a physical vapor phase precipitation method
- an atomization method such as a spray pyrolysis method.
- the method for producing a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention it is sufficient to have a step of bringing the gaseous carboxylic acid into contact with the nickel powder dispersed in the gas phase, and the nickel powder immediately after formation is in a gaseous state.
- the method is not limited to the method of contacting the carboxylic acid, and for example, the gaseous carboxylic acid may be brought into contact with the once recovered nickel powder.
- the method for producing a fine powder according to the present embodiment is a method for producing a fine powder in which the cumulative 50% particle size D 50 on a volume basis is within the range of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 5.0 ⁇ m or less, and D 50 is 0. It has a classifying powder producing step of dispersing a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder having a size of more than 01 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m or less in a gas phase to obtain a classified powder to be classified, and a dry classifying step of drying the classified powder.
- a fine powder production method capable of producing a fine powder having an extremely small number of coarse particles and a volume-based cumulative 50% particle diameter D 50 within the range of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 5.0 ⁇ m or less with high productivity. Can be provided.
- the fine powder obtained as described above is mixed with an organic solvent or the like and used for forming a paste, the dispersibility in the paste is particularly excellent. Therefore, the smoothness of the coating film formed by using the paste can be made excellent.
- the fluidity of the powder is increased, the adhesion of the powder into the classifier is reduced, and the yield is improved. Further, by reducing the adhesion to the inside of the classifier, the powder supply port of the classifier, the inside of the pipe, and the like are less likely to be blocked, so that the operating time of the classifier becomes longer and the productivity is improved.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder in which the carboxylic acid is adsorbed on the nickel particles in advance under predetermined conditions since the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder in which the carboxylic acid is adsorbed on the nickel particles in advance under predetermined conditions is used, it is advantageous in simplifying and downsizing the configuration of the apparatus used for producing the fine powder. be. Further, since the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder in which the carboxylic acid is adsorbed on the nickel particles in advance under predetermined conditions is used, the fluidity of the powder is higher than that in the case where the nickel powder in which the carboxylic acid is not adsorbed is put in the disperser. , Adhesion in the disperser is less likely to occur, and the movement of the powder in the disperser becomes smoother.
- the classification means an operation of dividing a powder into a group of relatively large particles (in other words, coarse powder) and a group of relatively small particles (in other words, fine powder) according to the size of the powder.
- fine powder refers to a group of particles in which the cumulative 50% particle size D 50 on a volume basis is within the range of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 5.0 ⁇ m or less
- coarse powder is D. 50 refers to a group of particles larger than fine powder.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a classifier used to obtain a fine powder having an extremely small number of coarse particles by using the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention.
- the upper side in FIG. 1 will be referred to as “upper” and the lower side will be referred to as “lower”.
- the classifying machine 1 is an airflow type classifying machine that classifies using the centrifugal force acting on the powder, and includes a casing 3 that forms the classifying chamber 10.
- a dispersion zone 11 for dispersing the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder is provided on the upstream side of the classification chamber (classification zone) 10 prior to the classification.
- the classification chamber 10 is a region for classifying the dispersed carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder.
- the classifying machine 1 has an introduction port 4 for introducing carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder into the dispersion zone 11, an air nozzle 5 for injecting high-pressure air (primary air) into the dispersion zone 11, and a secondary in the classification chamber 10.
- a guide vane 6 that allows air to flow in to form a swirling airflow in the classification chamber 10, a fine powder discharge port 7 that opens in the center of the upper part of the classification chamber 10, and a coarse powder discharge port that opens along the lower outer periphery of the classification chamber 10. Has 8 and.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder is introduced into the dispersion zone 11 from the introduction port 4.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder is given a dispersing force and dispersed by the primary air injected into the dispersion zone 11. Then, the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder is introduced into the classification chamber 10 in a dispersed state.
- the airflow is swirled in the classification chamber 10 by allowing the secondary air to flow into the classification chamber 10 from the guide vane 6, and is exhausted from the upper center of the classification chamber 10.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder in the solid-gas mixed fluid is separated into coarse powder and fine powder by the outward centrifugal force acting by the swirling of the air flow and the flow of the gas moving toward the center.
- the coarse powder moves radially outward in the classification chamber 10 due to the outward centrifugal force due to the swirling of the air flow, and is collected from the coarse powder discharge port 8 on the lower outer circumference of the classification chamber 10.
- the fine powder moves inward in the radial direction in the classification chamber 10 due to the flow of gas moving toward the center, and is collected from the fine powder discharge port 7 in the upper center of the classification chamber 10.
- a suction pump (not shown) is connected to the fine powder discharge port 7, and the fine powder is discharged and collected together with the air (exhaust) in the classification chamber 10.
- the step of producing the powder to be classified corresponds to the step performed in the dispersion zone 11, and the dry classification step corresponds to the step performed in the classification chamber (classification zone) 10. That is, the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder dispersed in the dispersion zone 11, in other words, the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder introduced into the classification chamber 10 is the classified powder referred to in the present specification.
- an airflow type classifier that classifies by using the centrifugal force generated by the swirling airflow is taken as an example, but the classification method of the classifier is not particularly limited.
- a method of classifying using the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor, a method of classifying using gravity, or a method of classifying using inertial force may be used.
- the classification powder production step and the dry classification step are not limited to the case where they are performed using the same device, and may be performed using separate devices. That is, the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder may be dispersed with a disperser to obtain a classified powder, and then the classified powder may be classified with a dry classifier.
- Classified powder production step In the classified powder producing step, a classified powder obtained by dispersing carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder in the gas phase is obtained.
- the supply rate of the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder to the classifier is the rate of supply of the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder to the classifier.
- it depends on the size (capacity), it is preferably 1 kg / hour or more and 20 kg / hour or less, more preferably 3 kg / hour or more and 15 kg / hour or less, and 5 kg / hour or more and 12 kg / hour or less. Is even more preferable.
- the dispersibility of the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder can be made more excellent, and the productivity of the fine powder can be made more excellent.
- the supply dispersion pressure at the time of dispersion is not particularly limited, but is 0.2 MPa or more and 1.0 MPa or less. It is preferably 0.4 MPa or more and 0.8 MPa or less, and even more preferably 0.5 MPa or more and 0.7 MPa or less.
- the dispersibility of the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder can be made more excellent, and the productivity of the fine powder can be made more excellent.
- Dry classification step In the dry classification step, the classified powder obtained in the classifying powder producing step is dry-classified.
- the classification accuracy in the dry classification process is improved. Therefore, the number of coarse particles contained in the produced fine powder can be extremely reduced. Further, by improving the classification accuracy, the number of times of classification can be reduced, so that the productivity is improved.
- the adhesion of the classified powder to the classifier is reduced and the yield is improved. Further, by reducing the adhesion to the inside of the classifier, the powder supply port of the classifier, the inside of the pipe, and the like are less likely to be blocked, so that the operating time of the classifier becomes longer and the productivity is improved.
- the gas phase temperature at which the dry classification step is performed is not particularly limited, but is preferably 60 ° C. or higher and 300 ° C. or lower, more preferably 100 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower, and 150 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower. More preferred.
- the classification accuracy can be further improved.
- the productivity can be further improved.
- the number of coarse particles in the fine powder can be particularly reduced.
- the suction air volume when performing the dry classification step is not particularly limited, but is 5.0 m 3 / min or more. It is preferably 30 m 3 / min or less, more preferably 6.0 m 3 / min or more and 20 m 3 / min or less, and further preferably 7.0 m 3 / min or more and 9.0 m 3 / min or less. .. Thereby, the classification of the powder to be classified can be performed more efficiently.
- the suction pressure for performing dry classification that is, for example, in the classifier 1 shown in FIG. 1, the suction pressure by the suction pump connected to the fine powder discharge port 7 is not particularly limited, but is -60 kPa or more and -5 kPa or less. Preferably, it is more preferably ⁇ 50 kPa or more and ⁇ 10 kPa or less, and further preferably ⁇ 40 kPa or more and ⁇ 15 kPa or less. This makes it possible to more preferably classify the powder to be classified.
- the class-classified powder is classified into a fine powder and a coarse powder.
- the classified powder is classified into, for example, a fine powder having a cumulative 50% particle size D 50 on a volume basis in the range of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 5.0 ⁇ m or less, and a coarse powder having a D 50 larger than the fine powder.
- the fine powder is recovered as the above-mentioned fine powder.
- a fine powder having a volume-based cumulative 50% particle size D 50 within the range of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 5.0 ⁇ m or less is produced.
- the fine powder produced in this way has an extremely small number of coarse particles. Further, since the carboxylic acid is adsorbed on the fine powder in a suitable state, secondary aggregation is also prevented.
- the number of classifications can be reduced because the classification accuracy is improved.
- the adhesion of the powder to be classified into the classifier is reduced. This improves the yield. Further, by reducing the adhesion to the inside of the classifier, the powder supply port of the classifier, the inside of the pipe, and the like are less likely to be blocked, so that the operating time of the classifier becomes longer and the productivity is improved.
- the dry classification step may be performed only once, but may be repeated a plurality of times. Thereby, the classification accuracy can be further improved.
- the yield of the fine powder in the dry classification step is not particularly limited, but is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 81% or more, further preferably 82% or more, and even more preferably 83% or more. Is the most preferable. As a result, the effect of the present invention becomes even more remarkable.
- the yield of the fine powder in the dry classification step is based on the weight of the powder before classification, that is, the weight of the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder, and the weight of the powder after classification, that is, the weight of the fine powder.
- Yield (%) (powder weight after classification / powder weight before classification) x 100 It is the value obtained by.
- the fine powder produced by the method of the present invention described above may have a volume-based cumulative 50% particle size D 50 within the range of 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 5.0 ⁇ m or less, but the fine powder D 50 is 0. It is preferably 0.03 ⁇ m or more and 2.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 0.10 ⁇ m or more and 0.60 ⁇ m or less.
- the cumulative fraction of 10% based on the volume of the particle size distribution measured using the laser particle size distribution measuring device is set to D 10 [ ⁇ m], and the cumulative fraction is 50%.
- the value of (D 90- D 10 ) / D 50 when the value is D 50 [ ⁇ m] and the integrated fraction 90% value is D 90 [ ⁇ m] is 0.30 or more and 0.90 or less. Is more preferable, 0.35 or more and 0.80 or less is more preferable, and 0.40 or more and 0.75 or less is further preferable.
- (D 90- D 10 ) / D 50 is an index showing the uniformity of the particle size distribution, and the smaller the value of (D 90- D 10 ) / D 50 , the narrower the particle size distribution, that is, the smaller the particle size. Indicates that it is uniform.
- the fine powder has a more uniform particle size and is suitably used in various applications.
- the number of coarse particles obtained by the following measurement is preferably 30 or less, more preferably 25 or less, and further preferably 20 or less. preferable.
- the number of coarse particles described above can be measured, for example, as follows. First, 1.0 g of fine powder is mixed with 20 mL of ethanol and then treated with an ultrasonic cleaner (for example, W-113 manufactured by Hyundai Electronics Co., Ltd.) for 1 minute to prepare a dispersion. A 30 ⁇ L of the dispersion prepared in this manner is weighed, dropped onto an aluminum sample table, dried, and the dispersion medium is removed to prepare a sample for measurement. This measurement sample is observed in 50 fields of view at a magnification of 10000 times using a scanning electron microscope (for example, SU-1510 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation). Obtains the total number of particles having a particle size of 1.5 times or more of the 50% cumulative particle diameter D 50 of the volume-based fine powder, and this number the number of coarse particles.
- an ultrasonic cleaner for example, W-113 manufactured by Nissan Electronics Co., Ltd.
- the device applied to the method for producing fine powder is not limited to the device described in the above-described embodiment.
- the treatments that do not particularly indicate the temperature condition and the humidity condition are performed at room temperature (25 ° C.) and a relative humidity of 50%.
- those that do not particularly indicate temperature conditions and humidity conditions are numerical values at room temperature (25 ° C.) and relative humidity of 50%.
- the volume-based integrated fraction 10% value D 10 , integrated fraction 50% value D 50 , and integrated fraction 90% value D 90 for carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder and fine powder are laser diffraction / scattering particle diameters. It was determined by measurement using a distribution measuring device LA-960 (manufactured by HORIBA). Table 1 summarizes the conditions of the carboxylic acid used in each of the examples described below.
- Nickel Powder Containing Carboxylic Acid (Example 1) First, a nickel powder having a volume-based cumulative 50% particle size D 50 of 0.31 ⁇ m was prepared. This nickel powder was dispersed in an atmosphere containing acetic acid as a carboxylic acid for 10 seconds to obtain a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder which is an acetic acid-adsorbed nickel powder. As acetic acid, acetic acid having a purity close to 100% (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., special grade 99.7 +%) was used. The temperature of the atmosphere containing acetic acid when the nickel powder was dispersed was adjusted to 100 ° C. The partial pressure of acetic acid in the atmosphere was 6.6 ⁇ 10-5 atm.
- Example 2 Acetic acid in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the partial pressure of acetic acid in the atmosphere when the nickel powder is dispersed in an atmosphere containing acetic acid as a carboxylic acid is changed to 6.6 ⁇ 10-6 atm. A carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder, which is an adsorbed nickel powder, was obtained.
- Example 3 As the carboxylic acid, propionic acid was used instead of acetic acid, and the carboxylic acid-containing nickel was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conditions for dispersing in the atmosphere containing the carboxylic acid were changed as shown in Table 2. Obtained powder.
- Example 4 a powder of nickel acetate tetrahydrate was prepared.
- the nickel acetate tetrahydrate powder was sprayed and heated to 1500 ° C. in the gas phase to obtain nickel powder dispersed in the gas phase.
- the temperature of the gas phase was adjusted to 300 ° C. with the nickel powder dispersed in the gas phase.
- Acetic acid as a carboxylic acid was supplied to the vapor phase in which the nickel powder was dispersed and treated for 10 seconds to obtain a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder which is an acetic acid-adsorbed nickel powder.
- acetic acid one having a purity close to 100% (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., special grade 99.7 +%) was used.
- the partial pressure of acetic acid in the gas phase when treated with acetic acid as a carboxylic acid was 6.6 ⁇ 10-5 atm.
- the cumulative 50% particle size D 50 on a volume basis measured by recovering the nickel powder before supplying acetic acid as a carboxylic acid was 0.31 ⁇ m.
- Example 5 The temperature of the gas phase when supplying the carboxylic acid is changed to 500 ° C, and the partial pressure of acetic acid in the gas phase when treating with acetic acid as the carboxylic acid is changed to 1.3 ⁇ 10-5 atm.
- Example 6 Carboxylic acid-adsorbed nickel powder in the same manner as in Example 5 above, except that the partial pressure of acetic acid in the gas phase when treated with acetic acid as a carboxylic acid was changed to 6.6 ⁇ 10-5 atm. An acid-containing nickel powder was obtained.
- Comparative Example 1 As the powder of this comparative example, the nickel powder used as the raw material powder in Example 1 was used without being treated with a carboxylic acid. That is, the powder according to this comparative example is a nickel powder that has not been treated with a carboxylic acid.
- a nickel powder having a volume-based cumulative 50% particle size D 50 of 0.31 ⁇ m was prepared. This nickel powder was dispersed in an atmosphere containing ethanol as an alcohol for 10 seconds to obtain an alcohol-adsorbed nickel powder as an alcohol-treated powder. The temperature of the atmosphere containing alcohol when the nickel powder was dispersed was adjusted to 25 ° C. The partial pressure of alcohol in the atmosphere was 9.6 ⁇ 10-6 atm.
- a nickel powder having a volume-based cumulative 50% particle size D 50 of 0.31 ⁇ m was prepared.
- a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder which is an acetic acid-adsorbed nickel powder was obtained.
- acetic acid acetic acid having a purity close to 100% (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., special grade 99.7 +%) was used.
- the treatment time with acetic acid was 30 minutes, the treatment temperature when the treatment with acetic acid was 50 ° C., and the partial pressure of acetic acid in the atmosphere when the treatment with acetic acid was 1.0 ⁇ 10 -1 atm.
- the EI (Electron Ionization) method was used as the ionization method for MS. Further, in Table 2, when the boiling point of the carboxylic acid used in each of the above Examples and Comparative Examples 4 to 7 is T bp [° C.], the temperature is within the range of (T bp +100) ° C. or higher and 600 ° C. or lower. Presence or absence of peak peak in mass chromatogram of carboxylic acid molecular ion, peak peak in mass chromatogram of carboxylic acid molecular ion in the range of (T bp -50) ° C or higher (T bp + 50) ° C The presence or absence of the top is also shown.
- TG-MS For TG-MS, STA2500 Regulus manufactured by NETZSCH is used as TG-DTA for raising the temperature of the sample, and JMS-Q1500GC manufactured by JEOL Ltd. is used as the MS for mass spectrometry of the substance vaporized by raising the temperature of the sample. board. Further, the content of carboxylic acid per 1 m 2 of the surface area of the nickel particles constituting the powder is determined by using a CS (carbon / sulfur) analyzer (EMIA-320V manufactured by HORIBA) to (1) adsorb carboxylic acid.
- CS carbon / sulfur
- the amount of carbon in the nickel powder before the above and (2) the amount of carbon in the nickel powder after the treatment for adsorbing the carboxylic acid were measured, and the value obtained by subtracting (1) from (2) was calculated as the carboxylic acid.
- the amount of carbon increased by the treatment for adsorbing carboxylic acid was determined by using this value, the ratio of carbon in the carboxylic acid, and the specific surface area of the nickel powder before the treatment for adsorbing the carboxylic acid. Further, in Table 2, acetic acid is shown as "AA”, propionic acid is shown as "PA”, ethanol is shown as "EtOH”, and isopropanol is shown as "IPA”.
- the powder to be classified was introduced into the classification chamber, the temperature inside the classifier was set to 25 ° C., the suction air volume was set to 8.5 m 3 / min, and the suction pressure was set to -35 kPa. Manufactured.
- the obtained fine powder was further subjected to dry classification in the same manner as described above, that is, the dry classification was carried out twice in total to obtain the final fine powder.
- (D 90- D 10 ) / D 50 was calculated from the values of D 10 [ ⁇ m], D 50 [ ⁇ m], and D 90 [ ⁇ m] obtained as described above.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention contains a plurality of nickel particles and has a carboxylic acid on the surface of the nickel particles, and the temperature rise rate is 20 ° C. in an inert atmosphere by TG-MS.
- a peak was detected in the mass chromatogram of the molecular ion of the carboxylic acid when the temperature was raised from 38 ° C. to 600 ° C. at / min, and when the boiling point of the carboxylic acid was set to Tbp [° C.], the peak top of the peak. but, (T bp +100) exist within a range of ° C. or higher 600 ° C.
- the method for producing a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention is a method for producing a carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention, which comprises a step of bringing a gaseous carboxylic acid into contact with the nickel powder dispersed in the gas phase. Have.
- the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder and the method for producing the carboxylic acid-containing nickel powder of the present invention have industrial applicability.
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Abstract
Description
(1) 複数個のニッケル粒子を含むとともに、前記ニッケル粒子の表面にカルボン酸を有するカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末であって、
TG-MSにより、不活性雰囲気下で、昇温速度20℃/minで38℃から600℃まで昇温したときに前記カルボン酸の分子イオンのマスクロマトグラムにおいてピークが検出され、前記カルボン酸の沸点をTbp[℃]としたとき、前記ピークのピークトップが、(Tbp+100)℃以上600℃以下の範囲内に存在し、
カルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を構成する前記ニッケル粒子の表面積1m2あたりの前記カルボン酸の含有量が、155μg以上450μg以下であるカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末。
気相中に分散したニッケル粉末に気体状態のカルボン酸を接触させる工程を有するカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末の製造方法。
[1]カルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末
まず、本発明のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末について説明する。
これにより、前述した効果がより顕著に発揮される。
これにより、前述した効果がより顕著に発揮される。
ニッケル粒子は、カルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末の主成分をなすものであり、主としてニッケルで構成されたものである。
ニッケル粒子は、最も含有率の高い成分が、ニッケルであればよいが、ニッケル粒子中におけるニッケル以外の成分の含有率は、40質量%以下であるのが好ましく、30質量%以下であるのがより好ましく、20質量%以下であるのがさらに好ましい。中でも、ニッケル粒子中におけるニッケル以外の成分の含有率は、10質量%以下であるのが好ましく、5質量%以下であるのがより好ましく、1質量%以下であるのがさらに好ましい。特に、ニッケル粒子中においてニッケル以外の成分は、不可避的成分としての含まれるもののみであるのが好ましく、ニッケル粒子中におけるニッケル以外の成分の含有率は、1000ppm以下であるのが好ましい。
カルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末は、前述したニッケル粒子に加えて、カルボン酸を含んでいる。
これにより、カルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末の気相中での分散性、カルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を有機溶媒等と混合してペーストの形成に用いた場合における当該ペースト中でのカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末の分散性をより優れたものとすることができる。
本発明のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末の用途は、特に限定されないが、導電性粉末として用いることができ、特に、導電性ペースト用の導電性粉末として用いることが好ましい。粉末としての分散性が高いため、ペースト中での分散性も高くなりやすい。また、特に、本発明のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末は、後述するような分級工程に供された後、中でも、乾式分級工程に供された後に、導電性粉末として用いられるものであるのが好ましく、導電性ペースト用の導電性粉末として用いることがより好ましい。また、本発明のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末は流動性が高く、ハンドリング性に優れるため、種々の用途に供する場合において容易に取り扱うことができる。
次に、本発明のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末の製造方法について説明する。
次に、前述した本発明のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を用いた微粉末の製造方法について説明する。
図1は、本発明のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を用いて、粗大粒子の個数が極めて少ない微粉末を得るのに用いられる分級機の一構成例を示す図である。
なお、以下の説明では、図1における上側を「上」とし、下側を「下」として説明する。
すなわち、分散ゾーン11で分散された状態のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末、言い換えると、分級室10に導入されるカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末が、本明細書でいう被分級粉末である。
被分級粉末生成工程では、カルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末が気相中に分散してなる被分級粉末を得る。
乾式分級工程では、被分級粉末生成工程で得られた被分級粉末を乾式分級する。
これにより、被分級粉末の分級をより効率よく行うことができる。
これにより、被分級粉末の分級をより好適に行うことができる。
これにより、本発明の効果がさらに顕著なものとなる。
収率(%)=(分級後の粉末重量/分級前の粉末重量)×100
によって求められた値である。
まず、微粉末1.0gを20mLのエタノールと混合した後に、超音波洗浄機(例えば、本田電子株式会社製、W-113)を用いて1分間処理し、分散液を調製する。このようにして調製した分散液から30μL秤取し、アルミ製試料台に滴下し、乾燥させて分散媒を除去することで測定用試料を作製する。この測定用試料について、走査型電子顕微鏡(例えば、日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製、SU-1510)を用いて、10000倍の倍率で50視野の観察を行う。微粉末の体積基準の累積50%粒子径D50の1.5倍以上の粒径を有する粒子の総数を求め、この数を粗大粒子の個数とする。
また、以下に述べる各実施例で用いたカルボン酸の条件を表1にまとめて示す。
(実施例1)
まず、体積基準の累積50%粒子径D50が0.31μmのニッケル粉末を用意した。
このニッケル粉末を、カルボン酸としての酢酸を含む雰囲気中に、10秒間分散させることで、酢酸吸着ニッケル粉末であるカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を得た。なお、酢酸は、純度100%に近いもの(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製、特級99.7+%)を用いた。また、ニッケル粉末を分散させる際の、酢酸を含む雰囲気の温度は、100℃に調整した。また、前記雰囲気中の酢酸の分圧は、6.6×10-5atmとした。
ニッケル粉末を、カルボン酸としての酢酸を含む雰囲気中に分散させる際の前記雰囲気中の酢酸の分圧を6.6×10-6atmに変更した以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして酢酸吸着ニッケル粉末であるカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を得た。
カルボン酸として、酢酸の代わりにプロピオン酸を用いるとともに、カルボン酸を含む雰囲気中に分散させる際の条件を表2に示すように変更した以外は、前記実施例1と同様にしてカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を得た。
まず、酢酸ニッケル四水和物の粉末を用意した。この酢酸ニッケル四水和物の粉末を噴霧し、気相中で1500℃に加熱することで、気相中に分散したニッケル粉末を得た。このニッケル粉末が気相中に分散した状態で気相の温度を300℃に調整した。このニッケル粉末が分散した気相中に、カルボン酸としての酢酸を供給して、10秒間処理することで、酢酸吸着ニッケル粉末であるカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を得た。酢酸は、純度100%に近いもの(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製、特級99.7+%)を用いた。また、カルボン酸としての酢酸での処理を行う際の気相中の酢酸の分圧は、6.6×10-5atmとした。なお、カルボン酸としての酢酸を供給する前にニッケル粉末を回収して測定した体積基準の累積50%粒子径D50は0.31μmであった。
カルボン酸を供給する際の気相の温度を500℃に変更するとともに、カルボン酸としての酢酸での処理を行う際の気相中の酢酸の分圧を1.3×10-5atmに変更した以外は、前記実施例4と同様にして酢酸吸着ニッケル粉末であるカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を得た。
カルボン酸としての酢酸での処理を行う際の気相中の酢酸の分圧を6.6×10-5atmに変更した以外は、前記実施例5と同様にして酢酸吸着ニッケル粉末であるカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を得た。
本比較例の粉末は、前記実施例1で原料粉末として用いたニッケル粉末を、カルボン酸による処理を施すことなく用いた。すなわち、本比較例に係る粉末は、カルボン酸で処理されていないニッケル粉末である。
まず、体積基準の累積50%粒子径D50が0.31μmのニッケル粉末を用意した。
このニッケル粉末を、アルコールとしてのエタノールを含む雰囲気中に、10秒間分散させることで、アルコール処理粉末としてのアルコール吸着ニッケル粉末を得た。なお、ニッケル粉末を分散させる際の、アルコールを含む雰囲気の温度は、25℃に調整した。また、前記雰囲気中のアルコールの分圧は、9.6×10-6atmとした。
アルコールとしてエタノールの代わりにイソプロパノールを用い、アルコールによる処理を行う際の雰囲気中のアルコールの分圧が8.8×10-6atmとなるようにした以外は、前記比較例2と同様にして有機化合物による処理粉末であるアルコール処理粉末を製造した。
まず、体積基準の累積50%粒子径D50が0.31μmのニッケル粉末を用意した。
このニッケル粉末を、カルボン酸としての酢酸を含む雰囲気中に静置することで、酢酸吸着ニッケル粉末であるカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉を得た。なお、酢酸は、純度100%に近いもの(富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製、特級99.7+%)を用いた。また、酢酸による処理時間は30分間、酢酸による処理を行う際の処理温度は50℃、酢酸による処理を行う際の雰囲気中の酢酸の分圧は1.0×10-1atmとした。
ニッケル粉末を、カルボン酸としての酢酸を含む雰囲気中に分散させる際の条件を表2に示すように変更した以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして酢酸吸着ニッケル粉末であるカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を得た。
カルボン酸として酢酸の代わりにプロピオン酸を用い、カルボン酸による処理時間が60分間、カルボン酸による処理を行う際の処理温度が120℃、カルボン酸による処理を行う際の雰囲気中のカルボン酸の分圧が5.0×10-1atmとなるようにした以外は、前記比較例4と同様にしてカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉を得た。
前記各実施例および各比較例の粉末、すなわち、前記各実施例および前記比較例4~7についてはカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末、前記比較例1についてニッケル粉末、前記実施例2、3についてはアルコール処理粉末を、それぞれ、図1に示す乾式分級機に1時間あたり10kg投入し、供給分散圧力を0.6MPaに設定して、被分級粉末を得た。
[6-1]収率
前記各実施例および各比較例について、分級前の粉末重量、および、分級後の粉末重量すなわち2回の分級処理を行うことにより得られた微粉末の重量を測定し、次式によって収率を求めた。
収率(%)=(分級後の粉末重量/分級前の粉末重量)×100
レーザー回折/散乱式粒子径分布測定装置LA-960(HORIBA社製)を用いた計測により、前記各実施例および各比較例について、原料粉末であるニッケル粉末および得られた微粉末の粒径分布を求め、その結果から、粒度分布の体積基準の積算分率10%値(D10)[μm]、積算分率50%値(D50)[μm]、積算分率90%値(D90)[μm]をそれぞれ求めた。
前記各実施例および各比較例について、2回分級後の粉末1gに分散媒としてエタノールを20mL混合し、超音波洗浄機(本田電子株式会社製、W-113)を用いて1分間処理し、分散液を調製した。調製した分散液から30μL秤取し、アルミ製試料台に滴下し、乾燥させて分散媒を除去することで測定用試料を作製した。走査型電子顕微鏡(日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製、SU-1510)を用いて前述の試料を10000倍に拡大し、50視野観察した。粒径が、上記[6-2]で求めた、対象の微粉末のD50の2.0倍以上である粒子を粗大粒子として、粗大粒子数を求めた。
上記[4]で得られた前記各実施例および各比較例の粉末、すなわち、分級処理を施す前の粉末100重量部と、エチルセルロース樹脂(ダウ・ケミカル社製、STD100)を3.0重量部と、ジヒドロターピネオールアセテート100重量部を混合し、ハイブリッドミキサー(THINKY社製、ARE-310)により2000rpmで2分間混合し、ニッケルペーストを得た。得られたニッケルペーストを、膜厚10μmでキャスティングし、微細形状測定器(小坂研究所製、ET3000i)を用いて、表面粗さRaを測定した。
3…ケーシング
4…導入口
5…エアノズル
6…ガイドベーン
7…微粉排出口
8…粗粉排出口
10…分級室(分級ゾーン)
11…分散ゾーン
Claims (9)
- 複数個のニッケル粒子を含むとともに、前記ニッケル粒子の表面にカルボン酸を有するカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末であって、
TG-MSにより、不活性雰囲気下で、昇温速度20℃/minで38℃から600℃まで昇温したときに前記カルボン酸の分子イオンのマスクロマトグラムにおいてピークが検出され、前記カルボン酸の沸点をTbp[℃]としたとき、前記ピークのピークトップが、(Tbp+100)℃以上600℃以下の範囲内に存在し、
カルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を構成する前記ニッケル粒子の表面積1m2あたりの前記カルボン酸の含有量が、155μg以上450μg以下であるカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末。 - TG-MSにより、不活性雰囲気下で、昇温速度20℃/minで38℃から600℃まで昇温したときに、(Tbp-50)℃以上(Tbp+50)℃以下の範囲内には、前記カルボン酸の分子イオンのマスクロマトグラムにおけるピークのピークトップが存在しない請求項1に記載のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末。
- 前記カルボン酸の沸点が100℃以上270℃以下である請求項1または2に記載のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末。
- 前記カルボン酸の分子量が40以上160以下である請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末。
- 前記カルボン酸の炭素数が2以上9以下である請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末。
- 前記カルボン酸が、酢酸およびプロピオン酸よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である請求項3ないし5のいずれか1項に記載のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末。
- 請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末を製造する方法であって、
気相中に分散したニッケル粉末に気体状態のカルボン酸を接触させる工程を有するカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末の製造方法。 - 気体状態の前記カルボン酸を含む雰囲気中に前記ニッケル粉末を分散させる請求項7に記載のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末の製造方法。
- 生成時に気相中において分散状態にある前記ニッケル粉末が当該気相中に分散した状態で、当該気相中に気体状態の前記カルボン酸を供給する請求項7に記載のカルボン酸含有ニッケル粉末の製造方法。
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