WO2021190126A1 - 自动开门和关门装置及冰箱 - Google Patents

自动开门和关门装置及冰箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021190126A1
WO2021190126A1 PCT/CN2021/074056 CN2021074056W WO2021190126A1 WO 2021190126 A1 WO2021190126 A1 WO 2021190126A1 CN 2021074056 W CN2021074056 W CN 2021074056W WO 2021190126 A1 WO2021190126 A1 WO 2021190126A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
gear set
door opening
shift lever
closing device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/074056
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程学丽
费斌
许以浩
董凌云
Original Assignee
青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司, 海尔智家股份有限公司 filed Critical 青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司
Publication of WO2021190126A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021190126A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B88/00—Drawers for tables, cabinets or like furniture; Guides for drawers
    • A47B88/40—Sliding drawers; Slides or guides therefor
    • A47B88/453—Actuated drawers
    • A47B88/457—Actuated drawers operated by electrically-powered actuation means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H19/00—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion
    • F16H19/02—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion
    • F16H19/04—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion comprising a rack
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H19/00—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion
    • F16H19/02—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion
    • F16H19/04—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion comprising a rack
    • F16H19/043—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion comprising a rack for converting reciprocating movement in a continuous rotary movement or vice versa, e.g. by opposite racks engaging intermittently for a part of the stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/02—Doors; Covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
    • F25D25/02—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled by shelves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an automatic door opening and closing device and a refrigerator with the automatic door opening and closing device.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic door opening and closing device and a refrigerator, which overcomes the problem that the existing automatic door opening and closing device can not take into account both manual door closing and automatic door closing.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic door opening and closing device for automatically opening the drawer door of the refrigerator.
  • the automatic door opening and closing device includes: a drive assembly; a clutch device; The clutch device engages the drive assembly, which includes a shift lever and a sub-gear; a first gear set; a second gear set, the second gear set meshing with the first gear set; and a rack push rod, the first gear set The gear set and the second gear set respectively engage the rack push rod; wherein, the clutch device is in an initial state, the sub-gear does not mesh with the first gear set and the second gear set, manually push Press against the drawer door body, so that the rack push rod is reset, the drawer door body is closed; the clutch device is in the first working state, the shift lever rotates, and the sub-gear engages the first gear The first gear set pushes the rack push rod to extend, and the drawer door is opened; the clutch device is in the second working state, the shift lever rotates, and
  • a drawer is provided on the inner side of the drawer door body, a slide rail is provided on one side of the drawer, the slide rail includes a moving rail, and the rack push rod is coupled to the moving rail; Wherein, the extension and resetting of the rack push rod enables the moving rail to drive the drawer to extend or be stored in the refrigerator.
  • the shift lever includes a rotating shaft and a sleeve, the rotating shaft and the sleeve are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the shift lever, and the sub-gear is sleeved on the rotating shaft, It can rotate around the rotating shaft.
  • the clutch device further includes a female gear
  • the female gear includes a coaxially rotating worm gear and a transmission gear, the worm gear meshes with the worm at the output end of the drive assembly
  • the shift lever further includes a rotating shaft The rotating shaft hole communicates with the sleeve; wherein the rotating shaft protruding from the bottom plate of the first housing of the automatic door opening and closing device penetrates the sleeve and extends from the rotating shaft hole
  • the female gear is sleeved on the upper part of the rotating shaft and can rotate around the rotating shaft.
  • the clutch device further includes a torsion spring, the torsion spring is sleeved on the sleeve and includes a first end and a second end; the shift lever further includes a shift plate; A stop block protrudes from the first housing; wherein the paddle is close to the stop block, and the stop block is located between the first end and the second end.
  • the shift lever rotates around the rotation axis, the shift plate pushes against one of the first end and the second end, and the first end and the One of the second ends applies a torsion force to the paddle, and the torsion force resets the toggle lever.
  • the first housing protrudes from the first baffle and the second baffle, and when the shift lever rotates, the sub-gear meshes with the first gear set or the sub-gear
  • the gear meshes with the second gear set, the first baffle and the second baffle are respectively used to stop the shift lever, and the shift lever stops rotating around the rotation shaft.
  • the clutch device further includes an elastic member
  • the shift lever is provided with a fixing hole
  • one end of the elastic member is fixed to the fixing hole
  • the other end of the elastic member elastically abuts against the Floor.
  • the first gear set includes a first double gear and a second double gear
  • the first double gear includes a first upper gear and a first lower gear that are coaxial.
  • the two duplex gears include a coaxial second upper gear and a second lower gear, wherein the first upper gear can mesh with the sub-gear, the first lower gear meshes with the second lower gear, and the first lower gear meshes with the second lower gear.
  • the two upper gears mesh with the front section of the rack of the rack push rod.
  • the second gear set includes a third double gear and a fourth double gear
  • the third double gear includes a coaxial third upper gear and a third lower gear
  • the quadruple double gear includes a coaxial fourth upper gear and a fourth lower gear, wherein the third upper gear can mesh with the sub-gear, the third lower gear meshes with the fourth lower gear, and the first Four upper gears mesh with the rear section of the rack of the rack push rod.
  • the present invention also provides a refrigerator including a box body and a door body, and is characterized in that it also includes the automatic door opening and closing device as described above, and the automatic door opening and closing device is used for automatically pushing the door body open.
  • the automatic door opening and closing device and refrigerator of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the clutch device realizes the functions of automatic door opening and closing and automatic door closing by selectively engaging a set of gear sets. In the state or reset state, it does not mesh with the double gear in the transmission gear set, so that the automatic door opening and closing device can manually close the refrigerator door in a power outage or other usage scenarios without causing damage to the drive components. Therefore, the automatic door opening and closing device of the present invention overcomes the defect that the existing automatic door opening and closing device or the automatic door opening and closing device cannot manually close the door.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic door opening and closing device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the automatic door opening and closing device in Fig. 1 omitting the second housing and in an initial state.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the clutch device in the automatic door opening and closing device in Fig. 2 after being disassembled.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the automatic door opening and closing device in Fig. 2.
  • 5A to 5B are schematic diagrams of different perspectives of the automatic door opening and closing device in FIG. 2 in a first working state.
  • Fig. 5C is an enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 5B.
  • 6A to 6B are schematic diagrams of different viewing angles of the automatic door opening and closing device in FIG. 2 in a second working state.
  • Fig. 6C is an enlarged schematic view of B in Fig. 6B.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the automatic door opening and closing device in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the automatic door opening and closing device in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the automatic door opening and closing device in FIG. 2.
  • the automatic door opening and closing device 100 includes a first housing 1 and a second housing 2 interlocked with each other, a drive assembly 3, a clutch device 4, a first gear set 7, and a second gear set 8 and the rack push rod 101 are respectively assembled in the accommodating cavity between the first housing 1 and the second housing 2, wherein the clutch device 4 is located between the first gear set 7 and the second gear set 8.
  • a gear set 7 and a second gear set 8 respectively engage the rack 1011 of the rack push rod 101; when the clutch device 4 is in the initial state (or reset state), the sub-gear 42 of the clutch device 4 does not mesh with the first gear set 7 and the second gear set 8, the user manually pushes the drawer door of the refrigerator, and the drawer door resets the rack push rod 101; when the clutch device 4 is in the first working state, the lever 43 of the clutch device 4 deflects, The sub-gear 42 on the shift lever 43 is engaged with the first gear set 7, and the first gear set 7 pushes the rack push rod 101 to extend from the first housing 1.
  • the automatic door opening and closing device 100 is suitable for a refrigerator with a drawer-type door.
  • the rack push rod 101 is connected with the moving rail of the sliding rail on the side of the drawer in the refrigerator.
  • the clutch device 4 in the device 100 When the clutch device 4 in the device 100 is in the first working state, the clutch device 4 engages the first gear set 7, and the rack push rod 101 extends to drive the moving rail to slide toward the drawer-type door, so that the drawer-type door is moved toward
  • the clutch device 4 in the automatic door opening and closing device 100 is in the second working state, the clutch device 4 engages the second gear set 8, and the rack push rod 101 resets to drive the moving rail toward the inside of the refrigerator Slide to make the drawer type door close on the refrigerator box; when the clutch device 4 in the automatic door opening and closing device 100 is in the initial state (or reset state), the clutch device 4 does not engage the first gear set 7 and the second gear set.
  • the gear set 8 the user can push the drawer door to move toward the cabinet of the refrigerator, and the moving rail slides toward the
  • the first housing 1 includes a bottom plate 11 and a side wall 12 protruding upward from the periphery of the bottom plate 11.
  • the side wall 12 is provided with bumps 121;
  • the second housing 2 includes a top plate 21 and a top plate.
  • the side wall 22 protruding downward from the periphery of the side wall 22 is provided with a buckle 221; wherein the second housing 2 is buckled above the first housing 1, and the buckle 221 is buckled with the protrusion 121.
  • the space surrounded by the top plate 21, the bottom plate 11, the side walls 12 and 22 is defined as the above-mentioned accommodating cavity.
  • the drive assembly 3, the clutch device 4, the first gear set 7, the second gear set 8 and the rack push rod 101 are respectively assembled in In the cavity. Wherein, corresponding to the rack push rod 101, two opposite side walls 12 of the first housing 1 are respectively provided with notches, and the opposite ends of the rack push rod 101 can respectively extend from the corresponding notches or reset.
  • the drive assembly 3 is electrically connected to a control board (not shown).
  • the drive assembly 3 is, for example, a drive motor.
  • the output end of the drive motor has a worm 31.
  • the drive motor is erected on a motor fixing bracket, and the motor fixing bracket is arranged on the first housing 1. Is located on the bottom plate of the above-mentioned accommodating cavity.
  • the worm 31 and the worm gear 411 on the female gear 41 of the clutch device 4 mesh with each other.
  • the drive motor is working, the female gear 41 in the clutch device 4 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the worm 31, and the female gear 41 rotates and Drive the shift lever 43 of the clutch device 4 to deflect.
  • the rack push rod 101 extends from the first housing 1.
  • the gears The push rod 101 is reset relative to the first housing 1.
  • the clutch device 4 is located between the drive assembly 3, the first gear set 7 and the second gear set 8. It includes a female gear 41, a child gear 42, a shift lever 43 and a torsion spring 44.
  • the female gear 41 includes a coaxially rotating worm gear 411
  • the transmission gear 412 and the worm gear 411 mesh with the worm 31 in the drive assembly 3, and the transmission gear 412 meshes with the sub-gear 42;
  • the shift lever 43 is also provided with a shaft hole 431, a shaft 432 and a sleeve 433, and the shaft 432 and the sleeve 433 are respectively provided On the opposite sides of the shift lever 43, and the extension direction of the shaft 432 is opposite to the extension direction of the sleeve 433;
  • the torsion spring 44 is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve 433, and the sub-gear 42 is sleeved on the shaft 432 and can be wound around The rotating shaft 432 rotates.
  • the shaft hole 431 and the inside of the sleeve 433 communicate with each other, the bottom plate 11 protrudes the rotating shaft 13 and the stop block 16, after the lever 43 is assembled with the bottom plate 11, the rotating shaft 13 is accommodated in the shaft hole 431 and In the sleeve 433, the shift lever 43 can rotate around the rotation shaft 13.
  • the torsion spring 44 includes a first end 441 and a second end 442, the rotating shaft 13 is inserted through the sleeve 433, and the stop block 16 is located between the first end 441 and the second end 442 (as shown in FIG. 3 shown).
  • the shift lever 43 is additionally provided with a shift piece 434, and the shift piece 434 is disposed adjacent to the sleeve 433.
  • the paddle 434 is located between the sleeve 433 and the stop block 16.
  • the friction force exerted by the worm wheel 411 on the shift lever 43 is greater than the torsion force generated by the torsion spring 44 being pushed against by the paddle 434, so as to ensure that the shift lever 43 is in the first position. 1.
  • the sub gear 42 sleeved on the shaft 432 of the shift lever 43 is always in mesh with the gears in the first gear set 7 or the second gear set 8 (as shown in Figures 5A and 6A) .
  • a fixing hole 435 is provided on the shift lever 43, one end of the elastic member 45 is arranged in the fixing hole, and one end of the elastic member 45 elastically abuts against the bottom plate 11, that is, The elastic member 45 is elastically sandwiched between the shift lever 43 and the bottom plate 11.
  • the elastic member 45 provides an elastic force to make the lever 43 rotate smoothly.
  • a first baffle 14 and a second baffle 15 are also provided on the bottom plate 11.
  • the first baffle 14 is close to the first gear set 7, and the second baffle 15 is close to the second gear set 8.
  • the range or angle of rotation of the shift lever 43 is limited between the first baffle 14 and the second baffle 15 to avoid excessive rotation of the shift lever 43, resulting in the sub-gear 42 and the first gear in the clutch device 4
  • the group 7 or the second gear group 8 collides, so as to ensure that the rotation range of the shift lever 43 is just enough to enable the sub-gear 42 to mesh with the first gear group 7 or the second gear group 8 and achieve gear linkage.
  • the friction force exerted by the worm gear 411 on the shift lever 43 needs to be greater than the torsion force of the torsion spring 44 acting on the shift lever 43 and the first baffle 14 or the sum of the pushing force exerted by the second baffle 15.
  • the first gear set 7 includes a first double gear and a second double gear
  • the first double gear includes a first upper gear 71 and a first lower gear 72 (as shown in Fig. 5B )
  • the second double gear includes a second upper gear 74 and a second lower gear 73, wherein the first lower gear 72 meshes with the second lower gear 73, and the second upper gear 74 meshes with the rack 1011 of the rack push rod 101 Front paragraph.
  • the second gear set 8 includes a third double gear and a fourth double gear.
  • the third double gear includes a third upper gear 81 and a third lower gear 82 (as shown in FIG. 6B).
  • the fourth double gear includes a third double gear.
  • the third lower gear 82 meshes with the fourth lower gear 83, and the fourth upper gear 84 meshes with the rear section of the rack 1011 of the rack push rod 101.
  • the front section of the rack 1011 is close to the drawer door, and the rear section of the rack 1011 is close to the rear wall of the refrigerator.
  • the drawer door is opposite to the rear wall of the refrigerator.
  • a micro switch 9 is provided on one side of the rack push rod 101.
  • the micro switch 9 is located inside the rack 1011 and located in the first gear set 7 and the second gear set. Between 8.
  • a protrusion is provided on the rack push rod 101.
  • the rack push rod 101 extends from the first housing 1, after the door is opened, the protrusion pushes against the elastic piece 92 of the micro switch 9, and the elastic piece 92 presses the switch button ( (Not shown), the micro switch 9 sends a signal to the control board, and the control board controls the worm 31 on the output end of the drive assembly 3 to stop rotating, the worm wheel 411 stops rotating, and the friction force exerted by the worm wheel 411 on the lever 43 disappears.
  • the torsion force exerted by the spring 44 on the shifting piece 434 causes the shifting lever 43 to rotate and reset in the reverse direction, and the sub-gear 42 is disengaged from the first gear set 7 or the second gear set 8.
  • the worm 31 is driven to rotate in the first direction, and the lever 43 of the clutch device 4 is deflected toward the first gear set 7 and interacts with the first gear set 7.
  • the first gear set 7 pushes the rack push rod 101 to extend to open the drawer door;
  • the worm 31 is driven to rotate in the second direction, the second direction is opposite to the first direction, the clutch device
  • the shift lever 43 of 4 deflects toward the second gear set 8 and meshes with the second gear set 8.
  • the second gear set 8 drives the rack push rod 101 to reset, and the drawer door is closed on the box; in addition, if the user When the drawer door body needs to be closed manually, the clutch device 4 is in the initial state or the reset state, and the drawer door body directly pushes against the front end of the rack push rod 101 to move toward the inside of the first housing 1 and reset. Since the clutch device 4 only engages the drive assembly and does not engage the rack push rod 101 through the gear set, the rack push rod 101 does not damage the drive assembly during the manual reset process.
  • the automatic door opening and closing device provided by the present invention has the function of automatically opening and closing the drawer door body, and at the same time has the function of manually closing the door. Therefore, it overcomes the defects of the existing automatic door opening and closing device, which cannot take into account the automatic door closing and manual door closing in the state of power failure or the driving component cannot work.
  • FIGS. 5A to 5B are schematic diagrams of different perspectives of the automatic door opening and closing device in FIG. 2 in a first working state;
  • FIG. 5C is an enlarged schematic diagram of A in FIG. 5B.
  • the automatic door opening and closing device 100 when the automatic door opening and closing device 100 is in the first working state (automatic door opening and closing state), the worm 31 rotates in the first direction, the shift lever 43 rotates forward, and the sub-gear 42 meshes with the first
  • the gear set 7 drives the first gear set 7 to rotate the rack push rod 101 to extend from the first housing 1 to drive the moving rail to slide forward and push the drawer door open.
  • forward rotation means that the lever 43 rotates toward one side of the drawer door.
  • the worm 31 rotates in the first direction, so that the worm wheel 411 rotates counterclockwise around the rotating shaft 13, the worm wheel 411 applies friction to the lever 43, and one end of the lever 43 rotates counterclockwise around the rotating shaft 13, so that the The other end of the rod rotates forward. Since the coaxially rotating transmission gear 412 is superimposed on the worm gear 411, and the transmission gear 412 meshes with the sub-gear 42 sleeved on the shaft 432 of the shift lever 43, and the transmission gear 412 rotates counterclockwise, the sub-gear 42 revolves around the shaft 432 turns counterclockwise.
  • the counterclockwise rotation of the worm wheel 411 continues to drive the shift lever 43 to continue to rotate forward around the rotation axis 13.
  • the first upper gear 71 meshes with each other, and the shift lever 43 is stopped by the first baffle 14.
  • the shift piece 434 pushes against the first end 441 of the torsion spring 44.
  • the first end 441 is similar to the free end of the torsion spring.
  • the torsion force is applied to the paddle 434, the first end 441 is deformed and a torsion force is applied to the paddle 434; the second end 442 is coupled to the stop block 16, where the second end 442 is similar to a torsion spring The fixed end.
  • first end portion 441 and the second end portion 442 are respectively L-shaped bending portions, and the two L-shaped bending portions are arranged opposite to each other, and are coupled to opposite sides of the stop block 16.
  • the forward rotation of the shift lever 43 is stopped by the first baffle 14.
  • the sub-gear 42 on the shift lever 43 is driven to rotate counterclockwise by the transmission gear 412.
  • the sub-gear 42 and the first double gear The first upper gear 71 meshes, the sub-gear 42 drives the first upper gear 71 and the first lower gear 72 in the first double gear to rotate counterclockwise coaxially, the first lower gear 72 and the second double gear second
  • the first double gear drives the second lower gear 73 and the second upper gear 74 in the second double gear to coaxially rotate counterclockwise, so that the rack push rod 101 meshing with the second upper gear 74 is automatically rotated.
  • the first housing 1 protrudes.
  • the second upper gear 74 when the clutch device 4 is in the initial state, the second upper gear 74 is engaged with the front section of the rack 1011 of the rack push rod 101. As the second upper gear 74 rotates, the rack push rod 101 gradually extends, and the second upper gear 74 gradually engages toward the rear section of the rack 1011.
  • the clutch device With the reset of the lever 43, the clutch device returns to the initial state. If the user needs to close the door manually at this time, manually push the drawer door, and the drawer door pushes the rack push rod 101, the first gear set 7, and the second gear. Group 8 is linked, the push rod 101 is reset, and the drawer door is closed.
  • the rack push rod 101 Since the rack push rod 101 is connected to the moving rail of the above-mentioned sliding rail, the rack push rod 101 extends and drives the moving rail to slide toward the drawer door, so that after the drawer door is pushed open, the drawer can also extend from the refrigerator automatically. Open.
  • FIG. 6A to 6B are schematic diagrams of different perspectives of the automatic door opening and closing device in FIG. 2 in a second working state;
  • FIG. 6C is an enlarged schematic diagram of B in FIG. 6B.
  • the worm 31 rotates in the second direction
  • the second direction is opposite to the first direction
  • the lever 43 rotates backward
  • the sub-gear 42 meshes with the second gear set 8, driving the second gear set 8 to rotate to move the rack push rod 101 toward the inside of the first housing 1, and the rack push rod 101 is reset.
  • the backward rotation means that the shift lever 43 rotates toward the side away from the drawer door.
  • the worm 31 rotates so that the worm wheel 411 rotates clockwise around the rotating shaft 13, and the worm wheel 411 applies friction to the shift lever 43.
  • One end of the shift lever 43 rotates clockwise around the rotating shaft 13, so that the other end of the shift lever faces After turning. Since the coaxially rotating transmission gear 412 is superimposed on the worm gear 411, and the transmission gear 412 meshes with the sub-gear 42 sleeved on the shaft 432 of the shift lever 43, the transmission gear 412 rotates clockwise, and the sub-gear 42 revolves around the shaft 432 turns clockwise.
  • the clockwise rotation of the worm wheel 411 continuously drives the shift lever 43 to continuously rotate backwards around the rotation shaft 13.
  • the third upper gear 81 meshes with each other, and the shift lever 43 is stopped by the second baffle 15.
  • the shift piece 434 pushes against the second end 442 of the torsion spring 44.
  • the second end 442 is similar to the free end of the torsion spring.
  • the torsion force is applied to the paddle 434; the first end 441 is coupled to the stop block 16, where the first end 442 is similar to the fixed end of the torsion spring.
  • the third lower gear 82 and the fourth double gear of the fourth If the lower gear 83 meshes, the third double gear drives the fourth lower gear 83 and the fourth upper gear 84 in the fourth double gear to coaxially rotate clockwise, so that the rack push rod 101 meshing with the fourth upper gear 84 faces The first housing 1 moves inside, and the rack push rod 101 is reset.
  • the fourth upper gear 84 when the clutch device 4 is in the initial state, the fourth upper gear 84 is engaged with the rear section of the rack 1011 of the rack push rod 101. As the fourth upper gear 84 rotates, the rack push rod 101 is reset, and the fourth upper gear 84 gradually engages toward the front section of the rack 101.
  • the reset of the rack push rod 101 drives the moving rail to slide toward the inside of the refrigerator, so that the drawer door body is closed to the box body, and the drawer can also be stored in the box body.
  • the present invention also provides a refrigerator with an automatic door opening and closing device 100.
  • the automatic door opening and closing device 100 of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the clutch device realizes the functions of automatic door opening, closing and automatic door closing by selectively engaging a set of gear sets. At the same time, in the initial state or the reset state, It does not mesh with the double gears in the transmission gear set, so that the automatic door opening and closing device can manually close the refrigerator door in a power failure or other usage scenarios without causing damage to the drive components. Therefore, the automatic door opening and closing device of the present invention overcomes the defect that the existing automatic door opening and closing device or the automatic door opening and closing device cannot manually close the door.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)

Abstract

一种自动开门和关门装置（100）和冰箱，用于自动打开冰箱的抽屉门体，包括：驱动组件（3）；离合装置（4），其包括拨杆（43）和子齿轮（42）；第一齿轮组（7）；第二齿轮组（8）；以及齿条推杆（101）；其中，离合装置（4）处于初始状态，子齿轮（42）未啮合第一齿轮组（7）和第二齿轮组（8），手动推抵抽屉门体，使得齿条推杆（101）复位，抽屉门体被关闭；离合装置（4）处于第一工作状态，拨杆（43）转动，子齿轮（42）啮合第一齿轮组（7），第一齿轮组（7）推动齿条推杆（101）伸出，抽屉门体被打开；离合装置（4）处于第二工作状态，拨杆（43）转动，子齿轮（42）啮合第二齿轮组（8），第二齿轮组（8）推动齿条推杆（101）复位，抽屉门体被关闭。

Description

自动开门和关门装置及冰箱 技术领域
本发明涉及一种自动开门和关门装置及具有所述自动开门和关门装置的冰箱。
背景技术
目前市场上中高档冰箱相对较大，其中的门体、其载荷的重量及门体或抽屉式门体的门封吸力较大，越来越多的用户反馈冰箱门体不易开启。针对此问题，出现了自动开门和关门装置。
现有的自动开关门装置大部分仅具有自动开门和关门功能，在开启抽屉式门体时，只能自动开门和关门而无法自动关门，只能手动关门；又或者是，虽然兼具自动开关门功能，但当出现特殊情况，例如用户遇到习惯性关门动作、无法完成自动关门指令、电控系统故障、停电等情况时，却无法手动开关门，而强行手动开关门就会造成齿轮打齿，造成齿轮的齿冠部分加快磨损，对电机也会造成永久性损伤，减少电机寿命。
因此，有必要提供一种改进的自动开关门装置以克服上述问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种自动开门和关门装置及冰箱，克服现有的自动开门和关门装置无法兼顾手动关门和自动关门的问题。
为实现上述发明目的之一，本发明一实施方式提供一种自动开门和关门装置，用于自动打开所述冰箱的抽屉门体，所述自动开门和关门装置包括：驱动组件；离合装置，所述离合装置啮合所述驱动组件，其包括拨杆和子齿轮；第一齿轮组；第二齿轮组，所述第二齿轮组啮合所述第一齿轮组；以及齿条推杆，所述第一齿轮组和所述第二齿轮组分别啮合所述齿条推杆；其中，所述离合装置处于初始状态，所述子齿轮未啮合所述第一齿轮组和所述第二齿轮组，手动推抵所述抽屉门体，使得所述齿条推杆复位，所述抽屉门体被关闭；所述离合装置处于第一工作状态，所述拨杆转动，所述子齿轮啮合所述第一齿轮 组，所述第一齿轮组推动所述齿条推杆伸出，所述抽屉门体被打开；所述离合装置处于第二工作状态，所述拨杆转动，所述子齿轮啮合所述第二齿轮组，所述第二齿轮组推动所述齿条推杆复位，所述抽屉门体被关闭。
作为可选的技术方案，所述抽屉门体的内侧设有抽屉，所述抽屉的一侧设置滑轨，所述滑轨包括动轨，所述齿条推杆结合于所述动轨上；其中，所述齿条推杆的伸出和复位可使得所述动轨带动所述抽屉伸出或者收纳于所述冰箱内。
作为可选的技术方案，所述拨杆包括转轴和套筒，所述转轴和所述套筒分别设置于所述拨杆相背的两侧，所述子齿轮套设于所述转轴上，可绕着所述转轴转动。
作为可选的技术方案，所述离合装置还包括母齿轮，所述母齿轮包括同轴转动的蜗轮和传动齿轮，所述蜗轮啮合所述驱动组件的输出端的蜗杆；所述拨杆还包括转轴孔，所述转轴孔与所述套筒连通；其中，所述自动开门和关门装置的第一壳体的底板上突伸的旋转轴穿设于所述套筒中，并自所述转轴孔中伸出，所述母齿轮套设于所述旋转轴上部，并可绕着所述所述旋转轴转动。
作为可选的技术方案，所述离合装置还包括扭簧，所述扭簧套设于所述套筒上，包括第一端部与第二端部；所述拨杆还包括拨片；所述第一壳体上还突伸出止档块；其中，所述拨片靠近所述止档块，且所述止档块位于所述第一端部与所述第二端部之间。
作为可选的技术方案，所述拨杆绕着所述旋转轴转动，所述拨片推抵所述第一端部和所述第二端部其中之一，所述第一端部和所述第二端部其中之一对所述拨片施加一扭转力，所述扭转力使得所述拨杆复位。
作为可选的技术方案，所述第一壳体突伸出第一挡板和第二挡板，当所述拨杆转动，使得所述子齿轮与所述第一齿轮组啮合或者所述子齿轮与所述第二齿轮组啮合，所述第一挡板和第二挡板分别用以止档所述拨杆，所述拨杆停止绕着所述旋转轴转动。
作为可选的技术方案，所述离合装置还包括弹性件，所述拨杆设置固定孔，所述弹性件的一端固定于所述固定孔，且所述弹性件的另一端弹性抵靠所述底板。
作为可选的技术方案，所述第一齿轮组包括第一双联齿轮和第二双联齿轮，所述第一双联齿轮包括同轴的第一上齿轮和第一下齿轮，所述第二双联齿轮包括同轴的第二上齿轮和第二下齿轮，其中，所述第一上齿轮可啮合所述子齿轮，所述第一下齿轮啮合所述第二下齿轮，所述第二上齿轮啮合所述齿条推杆的齿条的前段。
作为可选的技术方案，所述第二齿轮组包括第三双联齿轮和第四双联齿轮，所述第三双联齿轮包括同轴的第三上齿轮和第三下齿轮，所述第四双联齿轮包括同轴的第四上齿轮和第四下齿轮，其中，所述第三上齿轮可啮合所述子齿轮，所述第三下齿轮啮合所述第四下齿轮，所述第四上齿轮啮合所述齿条推杆的齿条的后段。
本发明还提供一种冰箱，包括箱体和门体，其特征在于，还包括如上所述的自动开门和关门装置，所述自动开门和关门装置用以自动推开所述门体。
与现有技术相比，本发明中的自动开门和关门装置及冰箱，具有如下有益效果：离合装置通过选择性啮合一组齿轮组，实现自动开门和关门和自动关门的功能，同时，在初始状态或者复位状态下，不与传动齿轮组中的双联齿轮啮合，使得自动开门和关门装置在停电或其他使用场景下，可以手动关闭冰箱的门体，且不造成驱动组件的损伤。因此，本发明的自动开门和关门装置克服了现有的自动开门和关门装置或者自动开关门装置不能手动关门的缺陷。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一实施例中的自动开门和关门装置的示意图。
图2是图1中自动开门和关门装置省略第二壳体后且处于初始状态的示意图。
图3是图2中自动开门和关门装置中离合装置分解后的示意图。
图4是图2中自动开门和关门装置的剖面示意图。
图5A至图5B是图2中的自动开门和关门装置处于第一工作状态的不同视角的示意图。
图5C是图图5B中A处放大示意图。
图6A至图6B是图2中的自动开门和关门装置处于第二工作状态的不同视角的示意图。
图6C是图6B中B处放大示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图所示的具体实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。但这些实施方式并不限制本发明，本领域的普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所做出的结构、方法、或功能上的变换均包含在本发明的保护范围内。
图1是本发明的一实施例中的自动开门和关门装置的示意图；图2是图1中自动开门和关门装置省略第二壳体后且处于初始状态的示意图；图3是图2中自动开门和关门装置中离合装置分解后的示意图；图4是图2中自动开门和关门装置的剖面示意图。
如图1至图4所示，自动开门和关门装置100包括相互扣合的第一壳体1和第二壳体2，驱动组件3、离合装置4、第一齿轮组7、第二齿轮组8以及齿条推杆101分别装配于第一壳体1和第二壳体2之间的容置腔中，其中，离合装置4位于第一齿轮组7和第二齿轮组8之间，第一齿轮组7和第二齿轮组8分别啮合齿条推杆101的齿条1011；当离合装置4处于初始状态(或者复位状态)时，离合装置4的子齿轮42未啮合于第一齿轮组7和第二齿轮组8，使用者手动推抵冰箱的抽屉门体，抽屉门体使得齿条推杆101复位；当离合装置4处于第一工作状态时，离合装置4的拨杆43偏转，使得拨杆43上的子齿轮42啮合于第一齿轮组7，第一齿轮组7推动齿条推杆101自第一壳体1中伸出；当离合装置4处于第二工作状态时，离合装置4的拨杆43偏转，使得拨杆43上的子齿轮42啮合于第二齿轮组8，第二齿轮组8推动齿条推杆101复位。
在一较佳的实施例中，自动开门和关门装置100适用具有抽屉式门体的冰箱中，齿条推杆101与冰箱中的抽屉侧边的滑轨的动轨连接，当自动开门和关门装置100中的离合装置4处于第一工作状态时，离合装置4啮合第一齿轮组7，齿 条推杆101伸出带动所述动轨朝向抽屉式门体滑动，使得抽屉式门体被向外推开；当自动开门和关门装置100中的离合装置4处于第二工作状态时，离合装置4啮合第二齿轮组8，齿条推杆101复位带动所述动轨朝向所述冰箱的内部滑动，使得抽屉式门体闭合于冰箱的箱体上；当自动开门和关门装置100中的离合装,4处于初始状态(或者复位状态)，离合装置4未啮合第一齿轮组7和第二齿轮组8，使用者可推动抽屉门体朝向冰箱的箱体移动，所述动轨朝向所述冰箱的内部滑动，使得齿条推杆101朝向第一壳体1内移动复位，抽屉门体闭合于冰箱的箱体上。
如图2和图3所示，第一壳体1包括底板11和自底板11的周边向上突出的侧壁12，侧壁12上设置凸块121；第二壳体2包括顶板21和自顶板21的周边向下突出的侧壁22，侧壁22上设置卡扣221；其中，第二壳体2扣合于第一壳体1上方，卡扣221扣合凸块121。顶板21、底板11、侧壁12、22围绕的空间定义为上述容置腔，驱动组件3、离合装置4、第一齿轮组7、第第二齿轮组8和齿条推杆101分别装配于容置腔中。其中，对应齿条推杆101，第一壳体1相对的两个侧壁12上分别设置缺口，齿条推杆101的相对的两端分别可自对应的缺口中伸出或者复位。
驱动组件3电连接于控制板(未图示)，驱动组件3例如为驱动电机，驱动电机的输出端具有蜗杆31，驱动电机架设于电机固定支架上，电机固定支架设置于第一壳体1的底板上，且位于上述容置腔内。本实施例中，蜗杆31与离合装置4中的母齿轮41上的蜗轮411相互啮合，当驱动电机工作时，通过蜗杆31的转动驱动离合装置4中的母齿轮41转动，母齿轮41转动并驱使离合装置4的拨杆43偏转，当子齿轮42与第一齿轮组7啮合，齿条推杆101从第一壳体1中伸出，当子齿轮42与第二齿轮组8啮合，齿条推杆101相对第一壳体1复位。
离合装置4位于驱动组件3、第一齿轮组7和第二齿轮组8之间，其包括母齿轮41、子齿轮42、拨杆43和扭簧44，母齿轮41包括同轴转动的蜗轮411和传动齿轮412，蜗轮411啮合驱动组件3中的蜗杆31，传动齿轮412啮合子齿轮42；拨杆43上还设有转轴孔431、转轴432及套筒433，转轴432和套筒433分别设置于拨杆43相背的两侧，且转轴432的延伸方向与套筒433的延伸方向相反；扭簧44套设于套筒433的外侧，子齿轮42套设于转轴432上，且可绕着转轴432转动。
本实施例中，转轴孔431与套筒433的内部相互连通，底板11上突伸旋转轴13和止档块16，拨杆43与底板11装配后，旋转轴13容置于转轴孔431和套筒433中，使得拨杆43可绕着旋转轴13转动。另外，扭簧44包括第一端部441和第二端部442，旋转轴13穿设于套筒433中，止档块16位于第一端部441和第二端部442之间(如图3所示)。
如图3和图4所示，拨杆43另设置一拨片434，拨片434邻近套筒433设置。本实施例中，拨片434位于套筒433与止档块16之间。
当蜗杆31转动，驱动蜗轮411和传动齿轮412绕着旋转轴13枢转，由于蜗轮411与拨杆43之间存在摩擦力，摩擦力使得拨杆43绕着旋转轴13发生转动，此时，扭簧44的第一端部441和第二端部442其中之一作为自由端被拨片434推抵，产生扭转力；且当蜗杆31停止转动时，所述扭转力使得绕着旋转轴13转动后的拨杆43继续绕着旋转轴13反向转动以复位。
需要说明的是，拨杆43处于第一、第二工作状态下，蜗轮411施加于拨杆43的摩擦力大于扭簧44被拨片434推抵产生的扭转力，以确保拨杆43处于第一、第二工作状态时，套设于拨杆43的转轴432上子齿轮42与第一齿轮组7或者第二齿轮组8中的齿轮始终处于啮合状态(如图5A与图6A所示)。
如图3所示，为使得拨杆43更为平稳的转动，拨杆43上设置固定孔435，弹性件45一端设置于固定孔孔，弹性件45的一端弹性抵靠于底板11，即，弹性件45弹性夹设于拨杆43和底板11之间，当拨杆43绕着旋转轴13转动时，弹性件45提供一个弹性力，使得把杆43平稳转动。
如图1至图3所示，底板11上还设置第一挡板14和第二挡板15，第一挡板14靠近第一齿轮组7，第二挡板15靠近第二齿轮组8，将拨杆43转动的范围或者角度被限制在第一挡板14和第二挡板15之间，以避免拨杆43转动的幅度过大，导致离合装置4中的子齿轮42和第一齿轮组7或者第二齿轮组8发生碰撞，进而确保拨杆43转动的幅度恰好可以使得子齿轮42能够与第一齿轮组7或者第二齿轮组8相互啮合，并实现齿轮联动。
值得注意的是，当拨杆43被第一挡板14或者第二挡板15止档后，随着蜗轮411的转动，第一挡板14或者第二挡板15会施加一个推抵作用力至拨杆43，阻止拨杆43继续转动，使得子齿轮42带动与其啮合的第一齿轮组7或者第二齿轮组8中的齿轮转动，实现齿条推杆101的伸出或者复位。为了确保第一齿轮组 7或者第二齿轮组8能够被自齿轮42带动转动，蜗轮411施加在拨杆43上的摩擦力需要大于扭簧44作用于拨杆43的扭转力和第一挡板14或者第二挡板15施加的推抵力的加和。
如图2和图3所示，第一齿轮组7包括第一双联齿轮和第二双联齿轮，第一双联齿轮包括第一上齿轮71和第一下齿轮72(如图5B所示)，第二双联齿轮包括第二上齿轮74和第二下齿轮73，其中，第一下齿轮72啮合第二下齿轮73，第二上齿轮74啮合齿条推杆101的齿条1011的前段。
第二齿轮组8包括第三双联齿轮和第四双联齿轮，第三双联齿轮包括第三上齿轮81和第三下齿轮82(如图6B所示)，第四双联齿轮包括第四上齿轮84和第四下齿轮83，其中，第三下齿轮82啮合第四下齿轮83，第四上齿轮84啮合齿条推杆101的齿条1011的后段。
本实施例中，齿条1011的前段靠近抽屉门体，齿条1011的后段靠近冰箱的后壁。所述抽屉门体与所述冰箱的后壁相对。
如图1至图3所示，齿条推杆101的一侧设置微动开关9，较佳的，微动开关9位于齿条1011的内侧，且位于第一齿轮组7和第二齿轮组8之间。
齿条推杆101上设置凸起，齿条推杆101自第一壳体1中伸出后，门体被打开后，凸起推抵微动开关9上弹片92，弹片92按压开关按钮(未图示)，微动开关9发送信号至控制板，控制板控制驱动组件3的输出端上蜗杆31停止转动，蜗轮411停止转动，蜗轮411施加在拨杆43上的摩擦力消失，通过扭簧44施加于拨片434上的扭转力使得拨杆43反向转动复位，子齿轮42与第一齿轮组7或者第二齿轮组8解除啮合。
本发明中的自动开门和关门装置100，若需要自动打开抽屉门体时，驱动蜗杆31朝第一方向转动，离合装置4的拨杆43朝向第一齿轮组7偏转并与第一齿轮组7啮合，第一齿轮组7推动齿条推杆101伸出以打开抽屉门体；若需要自动关闭抽屉门体时，驱动蜗杆31朝第二方向转动，第二方向和第一方向相反，离合装置4的拨杆43朝向第二齿轮组8偏转并与第二齿轮组8啮合，第二齿轮组8带动齿条推杆101复位，抽屉门体闭合于所述箱体上；另外，若使用者需要手动关闭抽屉门体时，离合装置4处于初始状态或者复位状态，抽屉门体直接推抵齿条推杆101的前端使其朝向第一壳体1的内部移动而复位。由于离合装置4仅啮合驱动组件，未通过齿轮组啮合齿条推杆101，因此，齿条推杆101在手动复 位的过程中不损伤驱动组件。
由上述可知，本发明提供的自动开门和关门装置具有自动打开和关闭抽屉门体的功能，同时兼具了手动关门的功能。因此，克服了现有的自动开门和关门装置，在停电或者驱动组件不能工作的状态下，不能兼顾自动关门和手动关门的缺陷。
以下将结合多个图示，详细说明本发明第一实施例中自动开门和关门装置的不同工作状态。
图5A至图5B是图2中的自动开门和关门装置处于第一工作状态的不同视角的示意图；图5C是图5B中A处放大示意图。
如图5A至图5C所示，自动开门和关门装置100处于第一工作状态时(自动开门和关门状态)，蜗杆31朝第一方向转动，拨杆43向前转动，子齿轮42啮合第一齿轮组7，带动第一齿轮组7转动齿条推杆101自第一壳体1中伸出，带动上述动轨向前滑动和推开抽屉门体。其中，向前转动是指拨杆43朝向抽屉门体的一侧转动。
具体来讲，蜗杆31朝第一方向转动，使得蜗轮411绕着旋转轴13逆时针转动，蜗轮411施加摩擦力至拨杆43，拨杆43的一端绕着旋转轴13逆时针转动，使得拨杆另一端向前转动。由于蜗轮411上方叠置同轴转动的传动齿轮412，且传动齿轮412与套设于拨杆43的转轴432上的子齿轮42相互啮合，传动齿轮412逆时针转动，则子齿轮42绕着转轴432逆时针转动。
随着蜗杆31的持续转动，蜗轮411逆时针转动持续驱使拨杆43持续绕着旋转轴13向前转动，当拨杆43上的子齿轮42与第一齿轮组7中的第一双联齿轮的第一上齿轮71相互啮合，拨杆43被第一挡板14止档。在拨杆43向前转动的过程中，拨片434推抵扭簧44的第一端部441，此处，第一端部441类似于扭簧的自由端，其发生形变，施加反向的扭转力至拨片434上，第一端部441形变并施加一扭转力至拨片434上；第二端部442结合于止档块16上，此处，第二端部442类似于扭簧的固定端。
本实施例中，第一端部441和第二端部442分别为L型弯折部，两个L型弯折部相对设置，并结合于止档块16相对的两侧。
继续驱动蜗杆31转动，拨杆43向前转动的趋势被第一挡板14所止档，拨杆43上的子齿轮42被传动齿轮412驱动逆时针转动，子齿轮42与第一双联齿 轮的第一上齿轮71啮合，则子齿轮42驱动第一双联齿轮中第一上齿轮71和第一下齿轮72逆时针同轴转动，第一下齿轮72与第二双联齿轮的第二下齿轮73啮合，则第一双联齿轮驱动第二双联齿轮中第二下齿轮73和第二上齿轮74逆时针同轴转动，使得与第二上齿轮74啮合的齿条推杆101自第一壳体1中伸出。
本实施例中，离合装置4处于初始状态时，第二上齿轮74啮合于齿条推杆101的齿条1011的前段。随着第二上齿轮74的转动，齿条推杆101逐步伸出，第二上齿轮74逐步朝向齿条1011的后段啮合。
当冰箱的抽屉门体被推开后，齿条推杆101内侧的凸起推抵微动开关9上弹片92，弹片92触发开关按钮，使得微动开关9朝向控制板输出信号，控制板控制驱动组件3停止工作，蜗杆31停止转动，蜗轮411停止转动其施加在拨杆43上的摩擦力被移除，藉由扭簧44的第一端部441施加在拨片434上扭转力，拨杆43绕着旋转轴13顺时针转动并复位。拨杆43复位后，其处于复位状态(或者初始状态)，套设于拨杆43的转轴432上的子齿轮42与第一双联齿轮的第一上齿轮71解除啮合。
随着拨杆43复位，离合装置恢复至初始状态，若此时使用者需要手动关门，手动推抵抽屉门体，抽屉门体推抵齿条推杆101与第一齿轮组7、第二齿轮组8联动，推杆101复位，抽屉门体被关闭。
由于齿条推杆101与上述滑轨的动轨连接，齿条推杆101伸出带动动轨朝向抽屉门体滑动，使得抽屉门体被推开后，抽屉也可自冰箱中伸出而自动打开。
图6A至图6B是图2中的自动开门和关门装置处于第二工作状态的不同视角的示意图；图6C是图6B中B处放大示意图。
如图6A至图6C所示，自动开门和关门装置100处于第二工作状态时(自动关门状态)，蜗杆31朝第二方向转动，第二方向与第一方向相反，拨杆43向后转动，子齿轮42啮合第二齿轮组8，带动第二齿轮组8转动将齿条推杆101朝向第一壳体1的内部移动，齿条推杆101复位。其中，向后转动是指拨杆43朝向远离抽屉门体的一侧转动。
具体来讲，蜗杆31转动，使得蜗轮411绕着旋转轴13顺时针转动，蜗轮411施加摩擦力至拨杆43，拨杆43的一端绕着旋转轴13顺时针转动，使得拨杆另一端向后转动。由于蜗轮411上方叠置同轴转动的传动齿轮412，且传动齿轮412与套设于拨杆43的转轴432上的子齿轮42相互啮合，传动齿轮412顺时针 转动，则子齿轮42绕着转轴432顺时针转动。
随着蜗杆31的持续转动，蜗轮411顺时针转动持续驱使拨杆43持续绕着旋转轴13向后转动，当拨杆43上的子齿轮42与第二齿轮组8中的第三双联齿轮的第三上齿轮81相互啮合，拨杆43被第二挡板15止档。在拨杆43向后转动的过程中，拨片434推抵扭簧44的第二端部442，此处，第二端部442类似于扭簧的自由端，其发生形变，施加反向的扭转力至拨片434上；第一端部441结合于止档块16上，此处，第一端部442类似于扭簧的固定端。
继续驱动蜗杆31转动，拨杆43向后转动的趋势被第二挡板15所止档，拨杆43上的子齿轮42被传动齿轮412驱动顺时针转动，子齿轮42与第三双联齿轮的第三上齿轮81啮合，则子齿轮42驱动第三双联齿轮中第三上齿轮81和第三下齿轮82顺时针同轴转动，第三下齿轮82与第四双联齿轮的第四下齿轮83啮合，则第三双联齿轮驱动第四双联齿轮中第四下齿轮83和第四上齿轮84顺时针同轴转动，使得与第四上齿轮84啮合的齿条推杆101朝向第一壳体1内部移动，齿条推杆101复位。
本实施例中，离合装置4处于初始状态时，第四上齿轮84啮合于齿条推杆101的齿条1011的后段。随着第四上齿轮84的转动，齿条推杆101复位，第四上齿轮84逐步朝向齿条101的前段啮合。
当冰箱的抽屉门体闭合于箱体后，齿条推杆101内侧的凸起推抵微动开关9上弹片92，弹片92触发开关按钮，使得微动开关9朝向控制板输出信号，控制板控制驱动组件3停止工作，蜗杆31停止转动，蜗轮411停止转动其施加在拨杆43上的摩擦力被移除，藉由扭簧44的第二端部442施加在拨片434上扭转力，拨杆43绕着旋转轴13逆时针转动并复位。拨杆43复位后，其处于复位状态，套设于拨杆43的转轴432上的子齿轮42与第三双联齿轮的第三上齿轮81解除啮合。
由于齿条推杆101与上述滑轨的动轨连接，齿条推杆101复位带动动轨朝向冰箱的内部滑动，使得抽屉门体闭合至箱体上，抽屉也可收纳于箱体中。
本发明还提供一种具有自动开门和关门装置100的冰箱。
综上，本发明中的自动开门和关门装置100具有如下有益效果：离合装置通过选择性啮合一组齿轮组，实现自动开门和关门和自动关门的功能，同时，在初始状态或者复位状态下，不与传动齿轮组中的双联齿轮啮合，使得自动开门和关 门装置在停电或其他使用场景下，可以手动关闭冰箱的门体，且不造成驱动组件的损伤。因此，本发明的自动开门和关门装置克服了现有的自动开门和关门装置或者自动开关门装置不能手动关门的缺陷。
应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施方式中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施方式的具体说明，它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施方式或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种自动开门和关门装置，用于自动打开冰箱的抽屉门体，其特征在于，所述自动开门和关门装置包括：
    驱动组件；
    离合装置，所述离合装置啮合所述驱动组件，其包括拨杆和子齿轮；
    第一齿轮组；
    第二齿轮组，所述第二齿轮组啮合所述第一齿轮组；以及
    齿条推杆，所述第一齿轮组和所述第二齿轮组分别啮合所述齿条推杆；
    其中，所述离合装置处于初始状态，所述子齿轮未啮合所述第一齿轮组和所述第二齿轮组，手动推抵所述抽屉门体，使得所述齿条推杆复位，所述抽屉门体被关闭；所述离合装置处于第一工作状态，所述拨杆转动，所述子齿轮啮合所述第一齿轮组，所述第一齿轮组推动所述齿条推杆伸出，所述抽屉门体被打开；所述离合装置处于第二工作状态，所述拨杆转动，所述子齿轮啮合所述第二齿轮组，所述第二齿轮组推动所述齿条推杆复位，所述抽屉门体被关闭。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的自动开门和关门装置，其特征在于，所述抽屉门体的内侧设有抽屉，所述抽屉的一侧设置滑轨，所述滑轨包括动轨，所述齿条推杆结合于所述动轨上；其中，所述齿条推杆的伸出和复位可使得所述动轨带动所述抽屉伸出或者收纳于所述冰箱内。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的自动开门和关门装置，其特征在于，所述拨杆包括转轴和套筒，所述转轴和所述套筒分别设置于所述拨杆相背的两侧，所述子齿轮套设于所述转轴上，可绕着所述转轴转动。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的自动开门和关门装置，其特征在于，所述离合装置还包括母齿轮，所述母齿轮包括同轴转动的蜗轮和传动齿轮，所述蜗轮啮合所述驱动组件的输出端的蜗杆；所述拨杆还包括转轴孔，所述转轴孔与所述套筒连通；其中，所述自动开门和关门装置的第一壳体的底板上突伸的旋转轴穿设于所述套筒中，并自所述转轴孔中伸出，所述母齿轮套设于所述旋转轴上部，并可绕着所述所述旋转轴转动。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的自动开门和关门装置，其特征在于，所述离合装置还包括扭簧，所述扭簧套设于所述套筒上，包括第一端部与第二端部；所述拨杆 还包括拨片；所述第一壳体上还突伸出止档块；其中，所述拨片靠近所述止档块，且所述止档块位于所述第一端部与所述第二端部之间。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的自动开门和关门装置，其特征在于，所述拨杆绕着所述旋转轴转动，所述拨片推抵所述第一端部和所述第二端部其中之一，所述第一端部和所述第二端部其中之一对所述拨片施加一扭转力，所述扭转力使得所述拨杆复位。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的自动开门和关门装置，其特征在于，所述第一壳体突伸出第一挡板和第二挡板，当所述拨杆转动，使得所述子齿轮与所述第一齿轮组啮合或者所述子齿轮与所述第二齿轮组啮合，所述第一挡板和第二挡板分别用以止档所述拨杆，所述拨杆停止绕着所述旋转轴转动。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的自动开门和关门装置，其特征在于，所述离合装置还包括弹性件，所述拨杆设置固定孔，所述弹性件的一端固定于所述固定孔，且所述弹性件的另一端弹性抵靠所述底板。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的自动开门和关门装置，其特征在于，所述第一齿轮组包括第一双联齿轮和第二双联齿轮，所述第一双联齿轮包括同轴的第一上齿轮和第一下齿轮，所述第二双联齿轮包括同轴的第二上齿轮和第二下齿轮，其中，所述第一上齿轮可啮合所述子齿轮，所述第一下齿轮啮合所述第二下齿轮，所述第二上齿轮啮合所述齿条推杆的齿条的前段。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的自动开门和关门装置，其特征在于，所述第二齿轮组包括第三双联齿轮和第四双联齿轮，所述第三双联齿轮包括同轴的第三上齿轮和第三下齿轮，所述第四双联齿轮包括同轴的第四上齿轮和第四下齿轮，其中，所述第三上齿轮可啮合所述子齿轮，所述第三下齿轮啮合所述第四下齿轮，所述第四上齿轮啮合所述齿条推杆的齿条的后段。
  11. 一种冰箱，包括箱体和门体，其特征在于，还包括如权利要求1-10中任意一项所述的自动开门和关门装置，所述自动开门和关门装置用以自动推开所述门体。
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CN114569037A (zh) * 2022-03-21 2022-06-03 江苏凯德电控科技有限公司 一种开门装置及安装开门装置的洗碗机
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