WO2021132545A1 - ペプチド化合物の合成法 - Google Patents
ペプチド化合物の合成法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021132545A1 WO2021132545A1 PCT/JP2020/048651 JP2020048651W WO2021132545A1 WO 2021132545 A1 WO2021132545 A1 WO 2021132545A1 JP 2020048651 W JP2020048651 W JP 2020048651W WO 2021132545 A1 WO2021132545 A1 WO 2021132545A1
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/06—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length using protecting groups or activating agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/02—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length in solution
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for efficiently producing a target peptide compound by efficiently removing unnecessary C-terminal active substances generated in the process of synthesizing the peptide compound.
- Peptide synthesis is carried out using a compound in which the C-terminal carboxyl group of an amino acid or peptide is activated so as to react with amines such as amino acids and peptides to form an amide bond.
- the compound in which the carboxyl group is activated remains in the reaction solution after the reaction is completed, it causes a problem that the quality of the produced peptide deteriorates.
- Such a C-terminal activated compound is not limited to the compound in which the carboxyl group used in the peptide synthesis reaction is activated, but also during the reaction, for example, azlactone and NCA (N-carboxyan anhydride (N-carboxyan anhydride). It also includes compounds that can react with amines by changing to N-carboxyanhydride)) and having an activated state (hereinafter, these compounds may be referred to as "C-terminal active substances").
- the C-terminal active compound used in the peptide synthesis reaction is, for example, an active ester synthesized using a peptide condensing agent as described in Non-Patent Document 1 or Non-Patent Document 2, mixed acid anhydride and acyliso. It is not limited to rare compounds, and any compound is included as long as it is activated so as to react with amines. As an example of deterioration of the quality of the produced peptide, it is known that the residual C-terminal active substance causes by-production of the impurity peptide, and that the peptide of the insertion sequence is contaminated as an impurity in the final product. (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- Patent Document 1 a method of treating with alkaline water to hydrolyze the active ester and removing it as an alkaline aqueous solution of the corresponding amino acid is known (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 a method of treating with alkaline water to hydrolyze the active ester and removing it as an alkaline aqueous solution of the corresponding amino acid.
- this method it is necessary to carry out the hydrolysis treatment with alkaline water a plurality of times, and the operation is complicated.
- a side reaction such as epimerization (isomerization) of the product is caused, and the robustness may be impaired.
- the residual C-terminal active substance is captured by a polyamine having a primary amino group such as N, N-dimethylpropan-1,3-diamine, converted into a basic compound, and then the residual C is washed with an aqueous solution with an acidic aqueous solution.
- a method of transferring an amide compound derived from a terminal active substance to an aqueous layer and removing it is known (Patent Document 3 and Non-Patent Document 3).
- primary amines with high nucleophilicity it is presumed that the site with high electrophilicity of the target peptide reacts with the primary amine to produce impurities forming a covalent bond, so that a high-purity peptide is produced. It is not suitable for the synthesis of.
- Patent Document 2 a method of reacting a residual C-terminal active substance with a scavenger which is an amine containing a latent anion having a protecting group to convert it into an amide compound and remove it.
- a scavenger which is an amine containing a latent anion having a protecting group
- the deprotection of the N-terminal protecting group of the C-terminal active substance may occur at the same time.
- the deprotected form of the residual C-terminal active substance is an impurity, but when the extinction coefficient is small, it is difficult to detect it by general-purpose HPLC, which is not preferable in terms of quality control.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and in one aspect, it is an object of the present invention to efficiently remove the remaining C-terminal active substance in the synthesis of a peptide compound.
- the present invention includes the following in a specific non-limiting aspect.
- a method for producing a peptide compound Step A: A step of obtaining a reaction mixture containing a peptide compound obtained by condensing a C-terminal active substance of an acid component with an amine component in a solvent, and Step B: the reaction mixture, a tertiary amine and water or an aqueous solution. The method comprising mixing with and removing the C-terminal active compound.
- a method for producing a peptide compound A method for producing a peptide compound.
- Step A A step of obtaining a reaction mixture containing a peptide compound obtained by condensing a C-terminal active substance of an acid component with an amine component in a solvent
- Step B the reaction mixture, a tertiary amine and water or an aqueous solution.
- the method comprising the step of removing the C-terminal active substance by mixing with and reacting the tertiary amine with an unreacted C-terminal active substance.
- the acid component is the first amino acid in which the amino group is protected by a protecting group, or the first peptide in which the N-terminal amino group is protected by a protecting group, according to [1] or [2]. the method of.
- tertiary amine is an amine having a small steric hindrance near nitrogen.
- the tertiary amine is represented by the following formula (A), (B), or (C): During the ceremony In R 1 to R 3 , (i) R 1 and R 2 form a 5- to 6-membered non-aromatic heterocycle together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, and R 3 is C 1 to C.
- R 4 and R 5 are each independently, C 1 -C 2 alkyl, or C 2 hydroxyalkyl alkyl, or a non-aromatic 5-6 membered together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached heterocyclic Form a ring, but if X is O, then R 5 does not exist and R 6 and R 7 are each, independently, H, a C 1 -C 2 alkyl or methoxy, R 8 and R 9 are independently H, C 1- C 2 alkyl, or C 2 hydroxyalkyl, or the nitrogen atom to which R 8 is bonded and the carbon atom to which R 9 is bonded.
- R 1 ⁇ R 3 are each independently C 1 -C 2 alkyl, the method of [8].
- X is N
- R 4 and R 5 are each independently a C 1 -C 2 alkyl
- R 6 and R 7 are H, the method of [8].
- R 8 and R 9 are independently H or C 1- C 2 alkyl.
- step B the reaction mixture is further separated into an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and then the organic layer is washed, and the residual amount of the C-terminal active substance after the washing is 1.0%.
- the method according to any one of [1] to [16] below.
- the solvent in the step A is toluene, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, isopropyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl tert-butyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether, or N, N-dimethylformamide, or a mixed solvent thereof. , [1] to [17].
- aqueous solution is an alkaline aqueous solution in the step B.
- the side chain of the first amino acid contains one or more carbon atoms.
- the side chain may be substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted alkoxyalkyl, The method according to [20], wherein the cycloalkylalkyl may be substituted, the alkoxy which may be substituted, or the heteroarylalkyl which may be substituted.
- the C-terminal activator is formed in the presence of a condensing agent, the condensing agent being T3P, HATU, BEP, DMT-MM, a combination of EDC and PfpOH, a combination of EDC and HOOBt, or a combination of EDC and HOBt.
- a condensing agent being T3P, HATU, BEP, DMT-MM, a combination of EDC and PfpOH, a combination of EDC and HOOBt, or a combination of EDC and HOBt.
- the C-terminal active compound remaining after the condensation reaction can be easily and efficiently removed by a single hydrolysis treatment followed by an aqueous wash, and thus column purification.
- the peptide compound can be synthesized with high purity without the above.
- Any element described in this example below may be any patent practice, practice, decree, etc. that may attempt to limitly interpret the content described in the example in the country in which the patent application is intended to be licensed. It is described with the intention that it is naturally regarded as being described in the same manner in the present "mode for carrying out the invention" without being bound by the limitation of.
- halogen atom examples include F, Cl, Br or I.
- alkyl is a monovalent group derived from an aliphatic hydrocarbon by removing one arbitrary hydrogen atom, and refers to a hetero atom (an atom other than carbon and a hydrogen atom) in the skeleton. ) Or has a subset of hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbon group structures that do not contain unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds and contain hydrogen and carbon atoms.
- Alkyl includes not only linear ones but also branched chain ones. Specifically, the alkyl is an alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (C 1 to C 20 , hereinafter, "C p to C q " means that the number of carbon atoms is p to q).
- C 1- C 10 alkyl more preferably C 1- C 6 alkyl, and even more preferably C 1- C 2 alkyl.
- alkyl specifically, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, isobutyl (2-methylpropyl), n-pentyl, s-pentyl (1-pentyl).
- Methylbutyl t-pentyl (1,1-dimethylpropyl), neopentyl (2,2-dimethylpropyl), isopentyl (3-methylbutyl), 3-pentyl (1-ethylpropyl), 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 2 -Methylbutyl, n-hexyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,1,2,2-tetramethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl , 1,3-Dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl and the like.
- Alkenyl as used herein, is a monovalent group having at least one double bond (two adjacent SP 2 carbon atoms). Depending on the arrangement of the double bond and the substitution (if any), the geometry of the double bond can be in the Chrysler (E) or tuzanmen (Z), cis or trans arrangement. Alkenyl includes not only linear ones but also branched chain ones.
- C 2 -C 10 alkenyl alkenyl more preferably include C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, specifically, for example, vinyl, allyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl (Including cis and trans), 3-butenyl, pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, hexenyl and the like can be mentioned.
- C 2 -C 6 alkenyl specifically, for example, vinyl, allyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl (Including cis and trans), 3-butenyl, pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, hexenyl and the like can be mentioned.
- alkynyl is a monovalent group having at least one triple bond (two adjacent SP carbon atoms).
- Alkynyls include not only linear ones but also branched chain ones.
- C 2 -C 10 alkynyl as alkynyl more preferably include C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, specifically, for example, ethynyl, 1-propynyl, propargyl, 3-butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, 3-phenyl -2-Propynyl, 3- (2'-fluorophenyl) -2-propynyl, 2-hydroxy-2-propynyl, 3- (3-fluorophenyl) -2-propynyl, 3-methyl- (5-phenyl)- 4-Pentynyl and the like can be mentioned.
- cycloalkyl means a saturated or partially saturated cyclic monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and includes a monocyclic ring, a bicyclo ring, and a spiro ring.
- a monocyclic ring Preferably include C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl the cycloalkyl, specifically, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo [2.2.1] heptyl, spiro [ 3.3] Heptyl and the like can be mentioned.
- aryl means a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon ring, preferably C 6- C 10 aryl. Specific examples of the aryl include phenyl and naphthyl (for example, 1-naphthyl and 2-naphthyl).
- heterocyclyl means a non-aromatic cyclic monovalent group containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms in addition to carbon atoms.
- the heterocyclyl may have double and / or triple bonds in the ring, and the carbon atom in the ring may be oxidized to form a carbonyl, which may be a monocyclic or fused ring.
- the number of atoms constituting the ring is preferably 4 to 10 (4 to 10-membered heterocyclyl), more preferably 4 to 7 (4 to 7-membered heterocyclyl).
- heterocyclyl examples include azetidinyl, oxylanyl, oxetanyl, azetidinyl, dihydrofuryl, tetrahydrofuryl, dihydropyranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydropyridyl, tetrahydropyrimidyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, and the like.
- heteroaryl means an aromatic cyclic monovalent group containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms in addition to a carbon atom.
- the ring may be a single ring, a fused ring with another ring, or may be partially saturated.
- the number of atoms constituting the ring is preferably 5 to 10 (5 to 10-membered heteroaryl), and more preferably 5 to 7 (5 to 7-membered heteroaryl).
- heteroaryl for example, frill, thienyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxazolyl, isooxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyridadinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothienyl.
- Alkoxy as used herein, means an oxy group "alkyl” is bonded defined above, with preference given to C 1 -C 6 alkoxy. Specific examples of the alkoxy include methoxy, ethoxy, 1-propoxy, 2-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, pentyloxy, 3-methylbutoxy and the like.
- alkenyloxy as used herein means an oxy group "alkenyl” is bonded defined above, with preference given to C 2 -C 6 alkenyloxy.
- alkenyloxy include vinyloxy, allyloxy, 1-propenyloxy, 2-propenyloxy, 1-butenyloxy, 2-butenyloxy (including cis and trans), 3-butenyloxy, pentenyloxy, and hexenyloxy. Can be mentioned.
- cycloalkoxy as used herein, means an oxy group "cycloalkyl" is bonded defined above, with preference given to C 3 -C 8 cycloalkoxy. Specific examples of cycloalkoxy include cyclopropoxy, cyclobutoxy, cyclopentyloxy and the like.
- aryloxy as used herein means an oxy group "aryl” is bonded defined above, with preference given to C 6 -C 10 aryloxy. Specific examples of the aryloxy include phenoxy, 1-naphthyloxy, 2-naphthyloxy and the like.
- amino means -NH 2 in a narrow sense and -NRR'in a broad sense, where R and R'are independent of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cyclo. Selected from alkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, or R and R'form a ring together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached.
- Preferred aminos include -NH 2 , mono-C 1- C 6 alkyl aminos, di C 1- C 6 alkyl aminos, 4- to 8-membered cyclic aminos and the like.
- R is hydrogen and R 'is meant an "alkyl” is group defined above, preferably mono C 1 -C 6 Alkylamino can be mentioned.
- Specific examples of the monoalkylamino include methylamino, ethylamino, n-propylamino, i-propylamino, n-butylamino, s-butylamino, t-butylamino and the like.
- dialkylamino as used herein, of the "amino” defined above, and independently R and R 'means an “alkyl” is group defined above, preferably, di-C 1 -C 6 Alkylamino can be mentioned. Specific examples of the dialkylamino include dimethylamino and diethylamino.
- cyclic amino means a group of the above-defined “amino” in which R and R'combined with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached to form a ring, preferably.
- examples include 4- to 8-membered cyclic amino acids.
- the cyclic amino for example, 1-azetidyl, 1-pyrrolidyl, 1-piperidyl, 1-piperazil, 4-morpholinyl, 3-oxazolidyl, 1,1-dioxidethiomorpholinyl-4-yl, 3 -Oxa-8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane-8-yl and the like can be mentioned.
- Hydroalkyl herein means a group wherein one of the "alkyl” definition, or more hydrogens are replaced by hydroxyl, C 1 -C 6 hydroxyalkyl are preferred, C 2 hydroxyalkyl Is more preferable. Specific examples of the hydroxyalkyl include hydroxymethyl, 1-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl, 5-hydroxypentyl and the like.
- Haloalkyl refers to a group in which one or more hydrogens "alkyl” defined above is substituted with halogen, C 1 -C 6 haloalkyl are preferred, C 1 -C 6 fluoroalkyl Is more preferable. Specifically, as haloalkyl, for example, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 3,3-difluoropropyl, 4,4-difluorobutyl, 5,5 -Difluoropentyl and the like.
- cyanoalkyl refers to a group in which one or more hydrogens "alkyl” defined above has been substituted with a cyano, C 1 -C 6 cyanoalkyl is preferred. Specific examples of the cyanoalkyl include cyanomethyl and 2-cyanoethyl.
- aminoalkyl herein, means one or more radicals substituted by “amino” hydrogen the definition of “alkyl” defined above, C 1 -C 6 aminoalkyl are preferred. Specific examples of the aminoalkyl include 1-pyridylmethyl, 2- (1-piperidyl) ethyl, 3- (1-piperidyl) propyl, 4-aminobutyl and the like.
- carboxyalkyl refers to a group in which one or more hydrogens "alkyl” defined above is substituted with carboxy, C 2 -C 6 carboxyalkyl is preferred. Specific examples of the carboxyalkyl include carboxymethyl and the like.
- alkenyloxycarbonyl alkyl as used herein, means one or more hydrogens are replaced with “alkenyloxycarbonyl” defined group of "alkyl” defined above, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl Oxycarbonyl C 1- C 6 alkyl is preferred, and C 2- C 6 alkenyl oxycarbonyl C 1- C 2 alkyl is more preferred.
- Specific examples of the alkenyloxycarbonylalkyl include allyloxycarbonylmethyl and 2- (allyloxycarbonyl) ethyl.
- alkoxyalkyl as used herein, the one or more hydrogens "alkyl” definition means been substituted with the "alkoxy" defined above, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy C 1 -C 6 alkyl are preferred, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy C 1 -C 2 alkyl is more preferable.
- alkoxyalkyl for example, methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, 1-propoxymethyl, 2-propoxymethyl, n-butoxymethyl, i-butoxymethyl, s-butoxymethyl, t-butoxymethyl, pentyloxymethyl, Examples thereof include 3-methylbutoxymethyl, 1-methoxyethyl, 2-methoxyethyl and 2-ethoxyethyl.
- cycloalkylalkyl means a group in which one or more hydrogens of the "alkyl” defined above are substituted with the "cycloalkyl” defined above, and C 3- C 8 cycloalkyl C.
- 1- C 6 alkyl is preferred, and C 3- C 6 cycloalkyl C 1- C 2 alkyl is more preferred.
- Specific examples of the cycloalkylalkyl include cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, cyclohexylmethyl and the like.
- cycloalkoxyalkyl means a group in which one or more hydrogens of the "alkyl” in the above definition are substituted with the "cycloalkoxy” in the above definition, and C 3- C 8 cycloalkoxy C.
- 1- C 6 alkyl is preferred, and C 3- C 6 cycloalkoxy C 1- C 2 alkyl is more preferred.
- Specific examples of the cycloalkoxyalkyl include cyclopropoxymethyl and cyclobutoxymethyl.
- heterocyclylalkyl means one or more radicals substituted by "heterocyclyl” hydrogen the definition of "alkyl” defined above, 4-7 membered heterocyclyl C 1 -C 6 alkyl are preferred, 4-7 membered heterocyclyl C 1 -C 2 alkyl is more preferable.
- Specific examples of the heterocyclylalkyl include 2- (tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl) ethyl and 2- (azetidine-3-yl) ethyl.
- Alkylsulfonyl alkyl as used herein, means one or more of “alkylsulfonyl” substituted radicals of hydrogen the definition of "alkyl” defined above, C 1 -C 6 alkylsulfonyl C 1- C 6 alkyl is preferred, and C 1- C 6 alkyl sulfonyl C 1- C 2 alkyl is more preferred.
- Specific examples of the alkylsulfonylalkyl include methylsulfonylmethyl and 2- (methylsulfonyl) ethyl.
- aminocarbonylalkyl means a group in which one or more hydrogens of the "alkyl” in the above definition are substituted with the “aminocarbonyl” in the above definition, and the aminocarbonyl C 1- C 6 alkyl. It is preferred, more preferably aminocarbonyl C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
- aminocarbonylalkyl for example, methylaminocarbonylmethyl, dimethylaminocarbonylmethyl, t-butylaminocarbonylmethyl, 1-azetidinylcarbonylmethyl, 1-pyrrolidinylcarbonylmethyl, 1-piperidinylcarbonyl Methyl, 4-morpholinylcarbonylmethyl, 2- (methylaminocarbonyl) ethyl, 2- (dimethylaminocarbonyl) ethyl, 2- (1-azetidinylcarbonyl) ethyl, 2- (1-pyrrolidinylcarbonyl) Examples thereof include ethyl, 2- (4-morpholinylcarbonyl) ethyl, 3- (dimethylaminocarbonyl) propyl, 4- (dimethylaminocarbonyl) butyl and the like.
- aryloxyalkyl means a group in which one or more hydrogens of the "alkyl” of the above definition are substituted with the "aryloxy” of the above definition, and C 6- C 10 aryloxy C. 1- C 6 alkyl is preferred, and C 6- C 10 aryloxy C 1- C 2 alkyl is more preferred.
- Specific examples of the aryloxyalkyl include phenoxymethyl and 2-phenoxyethyl.
- Alkyl (arylalkyl) as used herein, means at least one hydrogen atom is replaced by "aryl" defined group of "alkyl” defined above, preferably C 7 -C 14 aralkyl , C 7- C 10 aryl kills are more preferred.
- Specific examples of the aralkyl include benzyl, phenethyl, 3-phenylpropyl and the like.
- heteroarylalkyl means a group in which at least one hydrogen atom of "alkyl” as defined above is substituted with “heteroaryl” as defined above, and 5 to 10-membered heteroaryl C 1-.
- C 6 alkyl is preferred, and 5-10 membered heteroaryl C 1- C 2 alkyl is more preferred.
- Specific examples of the heteroarylalkyl include 3-thienylmethyl, 4-thiazolylmethyl, 2-pyridylmethyl, 3-pyridylmethyl, 4-pyridylmethyl, 2- (2-pyridyl) ethyl, and 2- (3-pyridyl).
- non-aromatic heterocycle in the present specification means a non-aromatic heterocycle containing 1 to 5 heteroatoms in the atoms constituting the ring.
- the non-aromatic heterocycle may have double and / or triple bonds in the ring, and the carbon atom in the ring may be oxidized to form a carbonyl.
- the non-aromatic heterocycle may be a monocyclic ring, a condensed ring, or a spiro ring.
- the number of atoms constituting the ring is not limited, but is preferably 5 to 6 (5- to 6-membered non-aromatic heterocycle).
- non-aromatic heterocycle for example, azetidine, oxetane, thietan, pyrrolidine, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrothiolidine, imidazolidine, pyrazolidine, oxazolidine, isoxazolidine, thiazolidine, isothiazolidine, dioxolane, dithiolane, piperidine, tetrahydropyran, thian , Piperazine, morpholine, thiomorpholine, dioxane, dithiolane, azepane, oxepane, thiepane, diazepane and the like.
- peptide chain refers to a peptide chain in which 1, 2, 3, 4, or more natural and / or unnatural amino acids are linked by an amide bond and / or an ester bond.
- one or more means one or two or more numbers.
- the term means the number from one to the maximum number of substituents the group allows. Specific examples of "one or more” include 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and / or larger numbers.
- C-terminal active substance refers not only to a compound in which a carboxyl group is activated used in a peptide synthesis reaction (for example, an active ester leading to the production of a target peptide compound), but also in the reaction.
- a compound that can give a target peptide compound by reacting with amines for example, an amine component
- NCA N-carboxyanhydride
- the C-terminal active compound which is a compound in which the carboxyl group used in the peptide synthesis reaction is activated, is, for example, Chem. Rev., 2011, 111, 6557.
- active ester is a compound containing a carbonyl group that reacts with an amino group to form an amide bond, and is a compound in which, for example, OBt, OAt, OSu, OPfp, etc. are bound to the carbonyl group. Yes, it is a compound that promotes the reaction with amines.
- amino acids include natural amino acids and unnatural amino acids.
- natural amino acid refers to Gly, Ala, Ser, Thr, Val, Leu, Ile, Ph, Tyr, Trp, His, Glu, Asp, Gln, Asn, Cys, Met, Lys, Arg, Pro. Point to.
- the unnatural amino acid is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ⁇ -amino acid, ⁇ -amino acid, D-type amino acid, N-substituted amino acid, ⁇ , ⁇ -disubstituted amino acid, amino acid having a side chain different from that of natural amino acid, and hydroxycarboxylic acid.
- any configuration is allowed.
- the selection of the side chain of the amino acid is not particularly limited, but is freely selected from, for example, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an aralkyl group, and a cycloalkyl group in addition to the hydrogen atom.
- One or two non-adjacent methylene groups in the group may be substituted with an oxygen atom, a carbonyl group (-CO-), or a sulfonyl group (-SO 2- ), a phosphoryl group, or a phosphonyl group.
- Substituents may be added to each, and these substituents are not limited, and any substituent including, for example, a halogen atom, an O atom, an S atom, an N atom, a B atom, a Si atom, or a P atom.
- substituents include, for example, a halogen atom, an O atom, an S atom, an N atom, a B atom, a Si atom, or a P atom.
- One or two or more may be freely selected independently from the above. That is, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, an aralkyl group, a cycloalkyl group and the like which may be substituted are exemplified.
- the amino acid herein may be a compound having a carboxy group and an amino group in the same molecule.
- the main chain amino group of amino acids may also unsubstituted (NH 2 group), optionally substituted (i.e., -NHR radical: R is an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, Shows heteroaryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, and one or two non-adjacent methylene groups among these groups are replaced with an oxygen atom, a carbonyl group (-CO-), or a sulfonyl group (-SO 2- ).
- a carbon chain bonded to an N atom and a carbon atom at the ⁇ -position may form a ring, such as proline.
- N-substituted amino acid Such amino acids in which the main chain amino group is substituted are described in the present specification. In the present specification, it is referred to as "N-substituted amino acid".
- the "N-substituted amino acid” in the present specification is preferably N-alkyl amino acid, NC 1- C 6 alkyl amino acid, NC 1- C 4 alkyl amino acid, N.
- -Methyl amino acids are exemplified, but not limited to these.
- amino acids constituting the peptide compounds in the present specification include all the corresponding isotopes.
- An isotope of an "amino acid” is one in which at least one atom is replaced with an atom having the same atomic number (number of protons) but different mass number (sum of numbers of protons and neutrons).
- isotopes contained in the "amino acids” constituting the peptide compound of the present invention include hydrogen atom, carbon atom, nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, phosphorus atom, sulfur atom, fluorine atom, chlorine atom and the like, respectively. 2 H, 3 H, 13 C , 14 C, 15 N, 17 O, 18 O, 31 P, 32 P, 35 S, 18 F, 36 Cl and the like are included.
- substituent containing a halogen atom in the present specification examples include alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and aralkyl having a halogen as a substituent, and more specifically, fluoroalkyl and difluoroalkyl. , Trifluoroalkyl and the like.
- Examples of oxy ( ⁇ OR) include alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, aralkyloxy and the like.
- the alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, is C 1 -C 2 alkoxy preferred, methoxy or ethoxy are preferred.
- Examples of oxycarbonyl include alkyloxycarbonyl, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl, alkenyloxycarbonyl, alkynyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, heteroaryloxycarbonyl, aralkyloxycarbonyl and the like. ..
- Examples of carbonyloxy include alkylcarbonyloxy, cycloalkylcarbonyloxy, alkenylcarbonyloxy, alkynylcarbonyloxy, arylcarbonyloxy, heteroarylcarbonyloxy, aralkylcarbonyloxy and the like. Can be mentioned.
- thiocarbonyl examples include alkylthiocarbonyl, cycloalkylthiocarbonyl, alkenylthiocarbonyl, alkynylthiocarbonyl, arylthiocarbonyl, heteroarylthiocarbonyl, aralkylthiocarbonyl and the like.
- Examples of carbonylthio include alkylcarbonylthio, cycloalkylcarbonylthio, alkenylcarbonylthio, alkynylcarbonylthio, arylcarbonylthio, heteroarylcarbonylthio, aralkylcarbonylthio and the like. Can be mentioned.
- alkylaminocarbonyl e.g., C 1 -C 6 or C 1 -C 4 alkylaminocarbonyl, among others ethylaminocarbonyl, etc. are exemplified methylaminocarbonyl
- Cycloalkylaminocarbonyl alkenylaminocarbonyl, alkynylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, heteroarylaminocarbonyl, aralkylaminocarbonyl and the like.
- Examples of oxycarbonylamino include alkoxycarbonylamino, cycloalkoxycarbonylamino, alkenyloxycarbonylamino, alkynyloxycarbonylamino, aryloxycarbonylamino, heteroaryloxycarbonylamino, Alkoxy oxycarbonylamino and the like can be mentioned.
- sulfonylamino examples include alkylsulfonylamino, cycloalkylsulfonylamino, alkenylsulfonylamino, alkynylsulfonylamino, arylsulfonylamino, heteroarylsulfonylamino, aralkylsulfonylamino and the like.
- H atom bonded to the N atom in the -NH-SO 2 -R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, include other substituents aralkyl.
- aminosulfonyl (-SO 2 -NHR), alkylaminosulfonyl, cycloalkyl aminosulfonyl, alkenyl aminosulfonyl, alkynyl aminosulfonyl, arylaminosulfonyl, heteroaryl, aminosulfonyl, and the like aralkylaminosulfonlyaryl is.
- H atom bonded to the N atom in the -SO 2 -NHR alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl include other substituents aralkyl.
- sulfamoylamino examples include alkylsulfamoylamino, cycloalkylsulfamoylamino, alkenyl sulfamoylamino, alkynylsulfamoylamino, arylsulfamoylamino, hetero.
- Aryl sulfamoyl amino, alkyne sulfamoyl amino and the like can be mentioned.
- the two H atoms bonded to the N atom in -NH-SO 2- NHR are substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and aralkyl. It may be substituted, and these two substituents may form a ring.
- thio As an example of thio (-SR), it is selected from alkyl thio, cycloalkyl thio, alkenyl thio, alkynyl thio, aryl thio, hetero aryl thio, aralkyl thio and the like.
- sulfonyl examples include alkylsulfonyl, cycloalkylsulfonyl, alkenylsulfonyl, alkynylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, aralkylsulfonyl and the like.
- secondary amino examples include alkylamino, cycloalkylamino, alkenylamino, alkynylamino, arylamino, heteroarylamino, aralkylamino and the like.
- tertiary aminos examples include, for example, alkyl (aralkyl) amino, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, etc., respectively.
- Amino groups having any two substituents are selected, and these two arbitrary substituents may form a ring.
- dialkylamino among others C 1 -C 6 dialkylamino, C 1 -C 4 dialkylamino, dimethylamino, diethylamino and the like.
- C p- C q dialkylamino group refers to a group in which two C p- C q alkyl groups are substituted on an amino group, and both C p- C q alkyl groups are the same. May also be different.
- the three substituents R, R', and R" on the N atom are alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, hetero. Examples thereof include groups independently selected from aryl and aralkyl, such as alkyl (aralkyl) (aryl) amidino.
- substituted guanidinos are R, R', R", and R "', alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl. , Heteroaryl, groups independently selected from alkynes, or groups in which they form a ring.
- R, R', and R" are among hydrogen atoms, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and aralkyl. Examples thereof include groups selected independently of each other, or groups forming a ring thereof.
- amino acid residue constituting the peptide compound may be simply referred to as "amino acid”.
- the present invention relates to a method of producing a peptide compound, which method comprises the following steps.
- Step A A step of obtaining a reaction mixture containing a peptide compound obtained by condensing a C-terminal active substance of an acid component with an amine component in a solvent
- Step B the reaction mixture, a tertiary amine and water or an aqueous solution.
- the step of removing the C-terminal active compound is a step of obtaining a reaction mixture containing a peptide compound obtained by condensing a C-terminal active substance of an acid component with an amine component in a solvent
- Step B the reaction mixture, a tertiary amine and water or an aqueous solution.
- Step A is a step of reacting an acid component and an amine component in a solvent with a condensing agent to obtain a reaction mixture containing a peptide compound.
- the acid component reacts with the condensing agent to form a C-terminal active substance of the acid component, and then the amine component nucleophilically attacks the C-terminal active substance, so that the reaction occurs. Proceed to produce peptide compounds.
- an amino acid in which the amino group is protected by a protecting group or a peptide in which the N-terminal amino group is protected by a protecting group can be used.
- the amino acid used as the acid component may be referred to as "first amino acid”
- the peptide used as the acid component may be referred to as "first peptide”.
- the first amino acid is not particularly limited, and any natural amino acid or unnatural amino acid can be used. Further, the first peptide is not particularly limited, and a peptide in which two or more arbitrary natural amino acids and / or unnatural amino acids are linked can be used.
- the first amino acid is preferably one containing one or more carbon atoms in its side chain.
- Specific examples of such amino acids include optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted alkynyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, and optionally substituted. Examples thereof include alkoxyalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkylalkyl, optionally substituted aralkyl, optionally substituted heteroarylalkyl, and the like in the side chain.
- the side chain has a functional group such as an amino group, a carboxyl group, or a hydroxyl group that can affect the formation reaction of a peptide bond, it is preferable to protect these groups with an appropriate protecting group.
- an amino acid has a bulky group in its side chain, its steric hindrance is sufficient to hydrolyze the residual C-terminal active form of the amino acid by conventional methods. It may not progress. Even in such a case, the residual C-terminal active substance can be hydrolyzed quickly and efficiently by using the method of the present invention.
- the side chain of the C-terminal amino acid contained in the first peptide can also have the same side chain as the first amino acid.
- protecting group for the amino group of the first amino acid and the N-terminal amino group of the first peptide As the protecting group, a protecting group for an amino group that is common in the art can be used. Specific examples of such protecting groups include Cbz, Boc, Teoc, Fmoc, Tfa, Alloc, Nosyl, Dinitronosyl, t-Bu, Trityl, and Kumil.
- the acid component is preferably used in at least the same equivalent as the amine component, preferably in excess of the amine component. Specifically, for example, 1 to 1.1 equivalents, 1 to 1.2 equivalents, 1 to 1.3 equivalents, 1 to 1.4 equivalents, 1 to 1.5 equivalents, and 1 to 2 equivalents with respect to the amine component. 0.0 equivalents, 1 to 3.0 equivalents of acid components can be used.
- the C-terminal active form of the acid component in the present invention can be formed by reacting the acid component with a condensing agent in a solvent.
- the condensing agent is not particularly limited as long as it can introduce a group having a desorbing ability into the hydroxy portion of the carboxyl group of the acid component in order to enhance the electrophile of the carbonyl carbon of the acid component. Examples thereof include T3P, HATU, BEP, carbodiimides (DIC, EDC, etc.), combinations of carbodiimides and additives (oxyma, HOOBt, HOBt, etc.), DMT-MM, CDI, and the like.
- step (step A) of condensing the C-terminal active substance with the amine component to obtain a peptide compound the reaction mixture is mixed at a temperature of ⁇ 20 ° C. to near the boiling point of the solvent, preferably 0 ° C. to 60 ° C. for 1 minute. This can be done by stirring for up to 48 hours, preferably 15 minutes to 4 hours.
- step A the condensation reaction between the acid component and the amine component can proceed quantitatively.
- an amino acid having a carboxyl group protected by a protecting group or a peptide having a C-terminal carboxyl group protected by a protecting group can be used.
- the amino acid used as the amine component may be referred to as "second amino acid”
- the peptide used as the amine component may be referred to as "second peptide”.
- the second amino acid is not particularly limited, and any natural amino acid or any unnatural amino acid can be used. Further, the second peptide is not particularly limited, and a peptide in which two or more arbitrary natural amino acids and / or unnatural amino acids are linked can be used.
- protecting group for the carboxyl group of the second amino acid and the protecting group for the C-terminal carboxyl group of the second peptide a protecting group for the carboxyl group that is common in the art can be used.
- protecting groups include methyl, allyl, t-butyl, trityl, cumyl, benzyl, methoxytrityl, 1-piperidinyl and the like.
- any solvent can be used as long as the condensation reaction proceeds and a peptide compound can be obtained.
- a solvent are selected from, for example, toluene, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, isopropyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl tert-butyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether, N, N-dimethylformamide, and the like.
- examples thereof include a solvent in which two or more kinds of solvents are mixed.
- the "peptide compound” obtained by condensing the C-terminal active form of the acid component with the amine component in the present invention comprises a linear or cyclic peptide compound in which two or more amino acids are linked. Is done.
- the cyclic peptide compound has the same meaning as "a peptide compound having a cyclic portion".
- linear peptide compound in the present invention is formed by linking a natural amino acid and / or an unnatural amino acid with an amide bond or an ester bond, as long as it is a compound having no cyclic portion.
- the total number of natural or unnatural amino acids that make up a linear peptide compound is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20. , 25, 30 and the preferred ranges are 6-20, 7-19, 7-18, 7-17, 7-16, 7-15, 8-14, 9 ⁇ 13 pieces.
- the "cyclic peptide compound" in the present invention is formed by linking a natural amino acid and / or an unnatural amino acid with an amide bond or an ester bond, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having a cyclic portion.
- the cyclic peptide compound may have one or more linear moieties.
- the total number of natural or unnatural amino acids that make up a cyclic peptide compound is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 25. , 30 and the preferred ranges are 6-20, 7-19, 7-18, 7-17, 7-16, 7-15, 8-14, 9-13. It is an individual.
- the number of amino acids constituting the cyclic portion of the cyclic peptide compound is not limited, but for example, 4 or more, 6 or more, 7 or more, 8 or more, 9 or more, 10 or more, 11 or more, 12 or more, 20 or less, 18 or less, 16
- 15 or less, 14 or less, 13 or less, 12 or less, 11 or less, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 can be mentioned.
- the number of amino acids constituting the cyclic portion is preferably 5 to 15, more preferably 5 to 14, 7 to 14, or 8 to 14, and 8 to 13, 9 to 13, 8 to 12, 8 to 11, or 9 to 12 is more preferable, and 9 to 11 is particularly preferable.
- the number of amino acids in the linear portion of the cyclic peptide is preferably 0 to 8, more preferably 0 to 5, and even more preferably 0 to 3.
- the peptide compound can contain one or more, two or more, three or more, four or more, five or more, or six or more unnatural amino acids.
- the peptide compound can contain 20 or less, 15 or less, 14 or less, 13 or less, 12 or less, 10 or less, and 9 or less unnatural amino acids.
- the ratio of the number of unnatural amino acids is 30% or more, 40% or more, 50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80 of the total number of amino acids constituting the peptide compound. % Or more are exemplified.
- the peptide compound contains at least two N-substituted amino acids (preferably 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, in addition to or alone the conditions for the total number of natural and unnatural amino acids described above. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 25, 30, particularly preferably 5, 6 or 7, the preferred range is 2 to 30, 3 to 30, 6 to 20, 7 to 19. , 7-18, 7-17, 7-16, 7-15, 8-14, 9-13), containing at least one N-unsubstituted amino acid, linear or cyclic It can be a peptide.
- N substitution examples include, but are not limited to, substitution of a hydrogen atom bonded to an N atom with a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a hexyl group and the like.
- N-substituted amino acid examples include amino acids in which the amino group contained in the natural amino acid is N-methylated, N-ethylated, N-propylated, N-butylated, or N-pentylated, and these are N.
- N-substituted Converting an N-unsubstituted amino acid to an N-substituted amino acid is called N-substituted, and may be called N-alkylation, N-methylation, or N-ethylation.
- the ratio of the number of N-substituted amino acids contained in the peptide compound in the present invention is 30% or more, 40% or more, 50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more of the total number of amino acids constituting the peptide compound. Illustrated.
- the peptide compound may contain a salt thereof or a solvate thereof.
- side chain is used in the context of a side chain of an amino acid or a side chain of a cyclic portion of a cyclic peptide compound, and means a portion not included in the respective main chain structure.
- the "number of amino acids” is the number of amino acid residues constituting the peptide compound, and when the amide bond, the ester bond, and the cyclization portion linking the amino acids are cleaved. It means the number of amino acid units produced.
- Step B is a step of removing the unreacted C-terminal active substance contained in the reaction mixture obtained in step A.
- removal of the unreacted C-terminal active agent is carried out through the action of the unreacted C-terminal active agent with a tertiary amine.
- the unreacted C-terminal active substance specifically, for example, the C-terminal active substance in the reaction mixture remaining without reacting with the amine component in the condensation process is referred to as "residual C-terminal active substance".
- residual C-terminal active substance sometimes.
- step B the reaction mixture obtained in step A, the tertiary amine, and water or an aqueous solution are mixed.
- the C-terminal activity of the acid component remaining without reacting with the amine component The body remains as an impurity in the reaction solvent. If the remaining C-terminal active substance is present in the system without being sufficiently decomposed, it adversely affects the subsequent deprotection step of the peptide compound and the further extension reaction of the peptide chain, so that it is surely removed. This is very important.
- tertiary amine one having a nucleophilic reactivity with respect to the residual C-terminal active substance of the acid component can be preferably used.
- a tertiary amine an amine having a small steric hindrance near nitrogen is preferable.
- Examples of such a tertiary amine include tertiary amines represented by the following formulas (A), (B), or (C).
- R 1 ⁇ R 3 , R 1 and R 2 form a non-aromatic heterocyclic 5- to 6-membered together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, and R 3 is a C 1- C 2 alkyl (ie, methyl or ethyl) or a C 2 hydroxyalkyl.
- R 3 is a C 1- C 2 alkyl (ie, methyl or ethyl) or a C 2 hydroxyalkyl.
- pyrrolidine, a piperidine or morpholine preferably a C 2 hydroxyalkyl, 2-hydroxyethyl.
- R 1 ⁇ R 3 are each independently C 1 -C 2 alkyl or C 2 hydroxyalkyl.
- a C 2 hydroxyalkyl is 2-hydroxyethyl.
- R 1 ⁇ R 3 are each independently include those wherein C 1 -C 2 alkyl.
- tertiary amine represented by the formula (A) include trimethylamine, N, N-dimethylethylamine, N, N-diethylmethylamine, triethylamine, triethanolamine and the like, and among these, trimethylamine. Is particularly preferable.
- X is N or O.
- R 4 and R 5 are each independently, C 1 -C 2 alkyl, or or a C 2 hydroxyalkyl, or they taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded 5 Form a ⁇ 6-membered non-aromatic heterocycle.
- R 4 is C 1- C 2 alkyl or C 2 hydroxyalkyl and R 5 is absent.
- R 6 and R 7 are independently H, C 1- C 2 alkyl, or methoxy, respectively.
- X is N
- R 4 and R 5 are each independently a C 1 -C 2 alkyl
- R 6 and R 7 are H There is one that is.
- tertiary amine represented by the formula (B) include DMAP, 4-piperidinopyridine, 4-morpholinopyridine and the like, and among these, DMAP is particularly preferable.
- R 8 and R 9 are independently H, C 1- C 2 alkyl, or C 2 hydroxyalkyl, or nitrogen atoms to which R 8 is attached. And the carbon atom to which R 9 is attached form a 5- to 6-membered non-aromatic heterocycle.
- pyrrolidine a piperidine or morpholine, preferably a C 2 hydroxyalkyl, 2-hydroxyethyl.
- the tertiary amine represented by the formula (C) is preferably one in which R 8 and R 9 are independently H or C 1- C 2 alkyl, respectively, and R 8 is C 1- C 2. It is more preferable that it is alkyl and R 9 is H.
- tertiary amine represented by the formula (C) include NMI, imidazol-1-ethanol, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazole [1,5- ⁇ ] pyridine, and the like. Of these, NMI is particularly preferable.
- the tertiary amines of the present invention can promote hydrolysis of the residual C-terminal active substance by nucleophilically attacking the residual C-terminal active substance.
- Tertiary amines such as DIPEA have bulky substituents and are therefore less nucleophilic and undesirable. Since the hydrolyzate of the residual C-terminal active substance can be removed by moving it to an aqueous layer, the produced peptide compound can be subjected to the next condensation reaction without going through a separate purification step such as column purification.
- the residual C-terminal active substance can be efficiently removed quickly (for example, within 5 minutes) and with a small number of hydrolysis treatments (for example, only once), which is an embodiment.
- the residual rate of the C-terminal active substance is 10% or less, 9% or less, 8% or less, 7% or less, 6% or less, 5% or less, 4% or less, 3% or less, 2 It can be less than% and less than 1%.
- a catalytic amount may be used for the amine component, or an amount equal to or larger than the stoichiometric amount may be used.
- 0.1 equivalent to 10 equivalents of tertiary amine can be added to the reaction mixture with respect to the amine component, and 0.5 equivalent to 3 equivalents of tertiary amine can be added. preferable.
- the reaction mixture is mixed at a temperature of ⁇ 20 ° C. to near the boiling point of the solvent, preferably 25 ° C. to 60 ° C. for 1 minute to 48 hours, preferably 2 hours.
- stirring can be performed for 2 minutes to 2 hours, 5 minutes to 60 minutes, 5 minutes to 50 minutes, or 5 to 30 minutes.
- water or an aqueous solution can be added to the step of treating the residual C-terminal active substance with a tertiary amine, and an alkaline aqueous solution can be preferably used as the aqueous solution.
- an alkaline aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but specifically, for example, a potassium carbonate aqueous solution, a lithium hydroxide aqueous solution, a sodium carbonate aqueous solution, sodium hydroxide, a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, a cesium carbonate aqueous solution, or the like.
- aqueous potassium carbonate solution or an aqueous sodium carbonate solution having mild basicity is preferable.
- the present invention is a step of allowing a tertiary amine to act on a residual C-terminal active agent, then separating the reaction mixture into an organic layer and an aqueous layer to remove the organic layer, and then washing the organic layer. Including further.
- One example includes cleaning the organic layer with an acidic aqueous solution and a basic aqueous solution.
- the residual amount of residual C-terminal active form can be 1.0% or less, 0.5% or less, preferably 0.1% or less after this step.
- the present invention further comprises the step of deprotecting the N-terminal protecting group of the peptide compound (step C).
- step C deprotection of protecting groups can be performed, for example, by the conventional method described in "Greene's," Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis “(5th edition, John Wiley & Sons 2014)".
- the deprotection reaction may not proceed sufficiently due to the remaining C-terminal active substance, but by using the method of the present invention, a deprotected substance of the produced peptide compound can be obtained in high yield. be able to.
- the present invention includes repeating step A and step B a plurality of times. Further, in some embodiments, the present invention includes repeating step A, step B, and step C a plurality of times. By such repetition, the peptide chain can be extended to obtain a peptide compound.
- the present invention comprises the step of adding a tertiary amine and water or aqueous solution to a solution containing the residual C-terminal active substance to allow the C-terminal active substance to act with the tertiary amine. It relates to a method for promoting hydrolysis of.
- the residual C-terminal active substance and / or tertiary amine can be used as described above.
- the aqueous solution is preferably alkaline water.
- the present invention relates to a method for removing the hydrolyzate, which comprises the step of aqueous washing the solution containing the hydrolyzate of the residual C-terminal active substance.
- aqueous cleaning cleaning with an alkaline aqueous solution can be carried out in addition to water.
- the alkaline aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but a potassium carbonate aqueous solution or a sodium carbonate aqueous solution is preferable.
- the base used forms a salt with a hydrolyzate and is difficult to transfer to the aqueous layer, the base is washed with an acidic aqueous solution to remove it, and then washed with an alkaline aqueous solution.
- the acidic aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but a potassium hydrogensulfate aqueous solution or a sodium hydrogensulfate aqueous solution is preferable.
- the alkaline aqueous solution is preferably a potassium carbonate aqueous solution or a sodium carbonate aqueous solution.
- the present invention is further exemplified by the following examples, but is not limited to the following examples.
- the residual amount of the C-terminal active substance was evaluated by converting the residual C-terminal active substance into propylamide because the residual C-terminal active substance may be hydrolyzed under analytical conditions (LCMS).
- the purity of the peptide compound (the object in peptide synthesis) is described as the peak area percent of LCMS.
- the C-terminal active substance residual rate and the relative value of the C-terminal active substance residual amount were calculated by the formulas described in each Example.
- the total peak area was corrected by subtracting the area values of the blank peak and the solvent peak.
- nd represents the meaning of not detected.
- Example 1 Additive amine effect in hydrolysis of residual C-terminal active substance (adjustment of mixed acid anhydride) 463 mg (1.7 mmol) of Cbz-Ile-OH and 31 mg (internal standard substance: 0.21 mmol) of pentamethylbenzene were dissolved in 3.0 mL of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran. At room temperature, 1.1 mL (6.2 mmol) of diisopropylethylamine and 1.9 mL (3.2 mmol) of a T3P / THF 50% solution were added, and the mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 1 hour to prepare a mixed acid anhydride (C-terminal active product) solution.
- Residual amount of C-terminal active substance Relative value (%) ⁇ [Propylamide (area%) / pentamethylbenzene (area%)] / 3.5 (entry 1, 5 min [propylamide (area%) / pentamethylbenzene) (Area%)]) ⁇ x100
- the relative value of the residual amount of the C-terminal active substance in Table 1 indicates that the smaller the value, the more the residual C-terminal active substance is hydrolyzed.
- alkaline water alone there was almost no change in the hydrolysis rate even when the alkali counter cation was changed, and the hydrolysis was slower than when amine was added. It was also found that among the added amines, the addition of DMAP and NMI dramatically promoted the hydrolysis of the residual C-terminal active substance.
- Residual amount of C-terminal active substance Relative value (%) ⁇ [Propylamide (area%) / pentamethylbenzene (area%)] / 3.0 (entry 1, 5 min [propylamide (area%) / pentamethylbenzene) (Area%)]) ⁇ x100
- the relative value of the residual amount of the C-terminal active substance in Table 2 indicates that the smaller the value, the more the residual C-terminal active substance is hydrolyzed. It has been found that the addition of amine promotes the hydrolysis of the residual C-terminal active substance than the case of using only alkaline water. That, DBU, Me 3 N, NMI , it is recognized that there is an effect on the addition of DMAP, it was found to be particularly dramatic effect on the addition of NMI and DMAP.
- Residual amount of C-terminal active substance Relative value (%) ⁇ [Propylamide (area%) / pentamethylbenzene (area%)] / 1.1 ([propylamide (area%) / pentamethylbenzene at entry 1, 5 min) (Area%)] ⁇ x100
- the relative value of the residual amount of the C-terminal active substance in Table 3 indicates that the smaller the value, the more the residual C-terminal active substance is hydrolyzed.
- alkaline water alone there was almost no change in the hydrolysis rate even when the alkaline counter cation was changed.
- DMAP and NMI promoted the hydrolysis of the residual C-terminal active substance as compared with the case of using alkaline water alone. It has been found that the addition of DMAP and NMI is sufficiently effective even within 5 minutes, and in particular, the addition of DMAP completely hydrolyzes the residual C-terminal active substance.
- Conversion rate (%) ⁇ Cbz-Ile-Phe-OtBu (area%) / [H-Phe-OtBu (area%) + Cbz-Ile-Phe-OtBu (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- C-terminal active substance residual rate (%) ⁇ propylamide (area%) / [propylamide (area%) + dipeptide (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- the added amine NMI promotes hydrolysis predominantly over hydrolysis by treatment with alkaline water alone by using 0.5 to 3.0 equivalents with respect to the N-terminal amino acid derivative. It was also found that the added amine DMAP promotes hydrolysis predominantly over hydrolysis by treatment with alkaline water alone by using 0.5 to 3.0 equivalents with respect to the N-terminal amino acid derivative.
- the organic layer can be washed with 5% KHSO 4 and 5% K 2 CO 3 to completely remove the residual C-terminal active substance in the organic layer. I found it. At this time, the target peptide was obtained with high purity. On the other hand, when treated alone with alkaline water, the C-terminal active substance remained and the purity of the dipeptide was low.
- Conversion rate (%) ⁇ Cbz-Ile-Phe-OtBu (area%) / [H-Phe-OtBu (area%) + Cbz-Ile-Phe-OtBu (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- C-terminal active substance residual rate (%) ⁇ propylamide (area%) / [propylamide (area%) + dipeptide (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- the peak area value of propylamide and the target peptide was obtained, and the residual rate (%) of the C-terminal active substance was calculated.
- the aqueous layer of the remaining reaction solution was removed, and the organic layer was washed successively with 0.75 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium hydrogensulfate solution and 0.75 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution. 5 ⁇ L of the organic layer was taken, added to 100 ⁇ L (1.2 mmol) of normal propylamine, the remaining C-terminal active substance was converted to propylamide, and then diluted with 0.9 mL of methanol.
- C-terminal active substance residual rate (%) ⁇ propylamide (area%) / [propylamide (area%) + dipeptide (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- the residual C-terminal active substance was not completely hydrolyzed by the hydrolysis with alkaline water alone, and the residual C-terminal active substance could not be removed by the subsequent aqueous washing. It has been found that the hydrolysis of the residual C-terminal active substance is completely achieved and the residual C-terminal active substance can be completely removed. Moreover, at this time, the target dipeptide was obtained with 100% purity (yield 95%).
- Example 7 Synthesis of Cbz-MeVal-MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (condensation reaction) MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine 303 mg (1.1 mmol) and Cbz-MeVal-OH 448 mg (1.7 mmol) were suspended in a mixed solvent of 0.6 mL of acetonitrile and 2.4 mL of cyclopentyl methyl ether, and 586 ⁇ L (3.4 mmol) of diisopropylethylamine was added. It was. Next, HATU 642 mg (1.7 mmol) was added at 25 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at 25 ° C.
- the residual C-terminal active substance was not completely hydrolyzed by the hydrolysis with alkaline water alone, and the residual C-terminal active substance could not be removed by the subsequent aqueous washing. It has been found that the hydrolysis of the residual C-terminal active substance is completely achieved and the residual C-terminal active substance can be completely removed. Moreover, at this time, the target dipeptide was obtained with 100% purity (yield 92%).
- Conversion rate (%) ⁇ Cbz-MeVal-MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (area%) / [MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (area%) + Cbz-MeVal-MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- the residual C-terminal active substance was not completely hydrolyzed by the hydrolysis with alkaline water alone, and the residual C-terminal active substance could not be removed by the subsequent aqueous washing. It has been found that the hydrolysis of the residual C-terminal active substance is completely achieved and the residual C-terminal active substance can be completely removed. Moreover, at this time, the target dipeptide was obtained with 100% purity (yield 87%).
- Example 9 Synthesis of Cbz-Ile-MeVal-MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (Cbz deprotection reaction using a dipeptide obtained by hydrolysis treatment without addition of amine) 782 mg of Cbz-MeVal-MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (containing 17.6 area% of the residual C-terminal active substance) synthesized under the amine-free condition of Example 7 was dissolved in 4.2 mL of cyclopentyl methyl ether. The hydrogen decomposition reaction was carried out with 115 mg of 5% Pd / C (50% wet) and hydrogen gas.
- reaction conversion rate was determined from the peak area value of LC / MS by taking 5 ⁇ L of the solution, diluting it with 1.0 mL of acetonitrile, and then subjecting the filtered solution to LC / MS analysis.
- reaction conversion rate was determined from the peak area value of LC / MS by taking 5 ⁇ L of the reaction solution, diluting it with 1.0 mL of acetonitrile, and then subjecting the filter-filtered solution to LC / MS analysis.
- Conversion rate (%) ⁇ MeVal-MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (area%) / [MeVal-MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (area%) + Cbz-MeVal-MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- the reaction conversion rate was determined from the peak area value of LC / MS by taking 5 ⁇ L of the reaction solution, adding 100 ⁇ L of normal propylamine, and subjecting the solution diluted with 0.9 mL of methanol to LC / MS analysis.
- Conversion rate (%) ⁇ Cbz-Phe (3-F) -Phe-OtBu (area%) / [Phe-OtBu (area%) + Cbz-Phe (3-F) -Phe-OtBu (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- the reaction conversion rate was determined from the peak area value of LC / MS by taking 5 ⁇ L of the reaction solution, adding 100 ⁇ L of normal propylamine, and subjecting the solution diluted with 0.9 mL of methanol to LC / MS analysis.
- Conversion rate (%) ⁇ Boc-MeVal-Phe-piperidine (area%) / [Phe-piperidine (area%) + Boc-MeVal-Phe-piperidine (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- the reaction solution was washed with 150 mL of a 10% aqueous potassium hydrogen sulfate solution, 150 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and 9.52 g (101 mmol) of trimethylamine hydrochloride were added, and the mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 90 minutes. Stirring was stopped and the organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated. The aqueous layer was removed, and the remaining organic layer was washed with 150 mL of a 5% potassium carbonate aqueous solution, and then the obtained organic layer was concentrated to obtain 17 g of a concentrate (yield: quant.). This concentrate was subjected to LC / MS analysis to determine the peak area percentage of the target Cbz-MeVal-Asp (tBu) -piperidine (99.7 area%).
- the reaction solution was washed with 140 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium hydrogen sulfate solution, 140 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and 10.9 g (114 mmol) of trimethylamine hydrochloride were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Stirring was stopped and the organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated. The aqueous layer was removed, and the remaining organic layer was washed with 140 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution, and then the obtained organic layer was concentrated to obtain 24.1 g of a concentrate (yield 96%). This concentrate was subjected to LC / MS analysis, and the peak area percentage of the target Cbz-MePhe-MeVal-Asp (tBu) -piperidine was determined (99.6 area%).
- the reaction mixture was washed with 170 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium hydrogensulfate solution, 170 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and 9.4 g (98.0 mmol) of trimethylamine hydrochloride were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. Stirring was stopped and the organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated. The aqueous layer was removed, and the remaining organic layer was washed with 170 mL of a 5% potassium carbonate aqueous solution, and then the obtained organic layer was concentrated to obtain 26.5 g of a concentrate (yield: quant.).
- the reaction solution was washed with 240 mL of a 10% aqueous sodium hydrogensulfate solution, 240 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and 6.7 g (71.2 mmol) of trimethylamine hydrochloride were added, and the mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 1.5 hours. Stirring was stopped and the organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated. The aqueous layer was removed, and the remaining organic layer was washed with 240 mL of a 5% potassium carbonate aqueous solution, and then the obtained organic layer was concentrated to obtain 22.2 g of a concentrate (yield: quant.).
- the reaction solution was washed with 153 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium hydrogen sulfate solution, 153 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 minutes. Stirring was stopped, the organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated, the aqueous layer was removed, 153 mL of a 5% potassium carbonate aqueous solution was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. After removing the aqueous layer, the obtained organic layer was concentrated to obtain 19.5 g of a concentrate (yield: quant.).
- the reaction solution was washed with 128 mL of a 10% aqueous sodium hydrogensulfate solution, 128 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and 4.2 g (44.8 mmol) of trimethylamine hydrochloride were added, and the mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 30 minutes. Stirring was stopped, the organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated to remove the aqueous layer, and then the obtained organic layer was washed with 128 mL of a 5% potassium carbonate aqueous solution and concentrated to obtain 18.0 g of a concentrate (yield). Rate 98%).
- the reaction solution was washed with 130 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium hydrogen sulfate solution, 130 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and 3.4 g (35.5 mmol) of trimethylamine hydrochloride were added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 45 minutes. Stirring was stopped, the organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated to remove the aqueous layer, and then the obtained organic layer was washed with 130 mL of a 5% potassium carbonate aqueous solution and concentrated to obtain 15.6 g of a concentrate (yield). Rate 98%).
- the reaction solution was washed with 105 mL of a 10% aqueous sodium hydrogensulfate solution, 105 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and 1.7 g (17.3 mmol) of trimethylamine hydrochloride were added, and the mixture was stirred at 40 ° C. for 30 minutes. Stirring was stopped, the organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated to remove the aqueous layer, and then the obtained organic layer was washed with 105 mL of a 5% potassium carbonate aqueous solution and concentrated to obtain 8.6 g of a concentrate (yield). Rate 99%).
- the reaction mixture was washed with 5.0 mL of a 10% aqueous sodium hydrogensulfate solution, 5.0 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and 104 mg (1.1 mmol) of trimethylamine hydrochloride were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Stirring was stopped, the organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated to remove the aqueous layer, and then the obtained organic layer was washed with 5.0 mL of a 5% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and concentrated to obtain 555 mg of a concentrate (yield).
- the reaction solution was acidified by adding a 5% aqueous potassium hydrogensulfate solution, extracted with 50 mL of ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was washed with saturated brine.
- the obtained organic layer was concentrated to dryness, and the concentrate was dissolved in 30 mL of dichloromethane.
- Pfp-OH 3.10 g (16.2 mmol) and EDC hydrochloride 4.53 g (24.3 mmol) were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes to carry out a Pfp conversion reaction.
- the aqueous layer was extracted with 50 mL of ethyl acetate.
- the combined organic layers were concentrated, and the obtained concentrate was purified by column chromatography (ethyl acetate / heptane) to obtain 6.63 g of Teoc-MeLeu-OPfp (yield: 90%).
- Conversion rate (%) ⁇ Teoc-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu (area%) / [Phe-OtBu (area%) + Teoc-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- the peak area of the target peptide and the residual C-terminal active substance (converted to propylamide) was determined.
- the concentrate (peptide) obtained by non-amine addition hydrolysis was 576.6 mg (yield 150%: the concentrate contained impurities (residual C-terminal active substance), but was calculated as containing only the peptide. ).
- the concentrate obtained by hydrolysis with the addition of amine was 369.6 mg (yield 96%).
- Example 16 Synthesis of Cbz-Aib-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu (Teoc deprotection reaction using a dipeptide obtained by hydrolysis treatment without addition of amine) Teoc-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu 576.6 mg (containing 8.9 area% of residual C-terminal active substance) synthesized under the amine-free condition of Example 15 was dissolved in 2.0 mL of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran. After adding 1.5 mL (1.5 mmol) of TBAF in 8.4% hydrous tetrahydrofuran, the mixture was stirred at 50 ° C. for 2.5 hours.
- HATU 684 mg (1.8 mmol) was added and the temperature was raised to 60 ° C., and the mixture was stirred for 4.5 hours. Further, HATU 455 mg (1.1 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours, at room temperature for 12 hours, and at 60 ° C. for 2 hours, but no progress of the condensation reaction was observed (conversion rate: 0%).
- the reaction conversion rate was determined from the peak area value of LC / MS by adding 5 ⁇ L of the reaction solution to 100 ⁇ L of propylamine, diluting with 0.9 mL of methanol, and then subjecting to LC / MS analysis.
- Teoc deprotection reaction using a dipeptide obtained by hydrolysis treatment with amine addition Teoc-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu 369.6 mg (0.75 mmol) synthesized under the amine addition conditions of Example 15 was dissolved in 2.0 mL of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran. After adding 1.5 mL (1.5 mmol) of TBAF's 8.4% hydrous tetrahydrofuran solution, the mixture was stirred at 50 ° C. for 2.5 hours to obtain a de-Teoc form, MeLeu-Phe-OtBu (conversion rate: 100%).
- HATU 452 mg (1.1 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 2 hours, at room temperature for 12 hours, and at 60 ° C. for 2 hours (conversion rate 86%).
- the reaction conversion rate was determined from the peak area value of LC / MS by adding 5 ⁇ L of the reaction solution to 100 ⁇ L of propylamine, diluting with 0.9 mL of methanol, and then subjecting to LC / MS analysis.
- the target peptide Cbz-Aib-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu was 86.7%, the raw material MeLeu-Phe-OtBu was 13.3%, and Cbz-Aib-NHPr derived from the residual C-terminal active substance was not detected.
- the remaining organic layer was concentrated to obtain 295.6 mg of a concentrate having the above composition.
- Example 18 Synthesis of Cbz-Hph-MeAla-Phe-OtBu (Cbz deprotection reaction using a dipeptide obtained by hydrolysis treatment without addition of amine)
- the MTBE solution of Cbz-MeAla-Phe-OtBu synthesized under the amine-free condition of Example 17 was replaced with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and concentrated.
- the hydrogen decomposition reaction was carried out with 101 mg of 5% Pd / C (50% wet) and hydrogen gas. The reaction was not completed after stirring at 25 ° C. for 6 hours (conversion rate 35%).
- reaction conversion rate was determined from the peak area value of LC / MS by taking 5 ⁇ L of the reaction solution, diluting it with 1.0 mL of acetonitrile, and subjecting it to LC / MS analysis.
- Conversion rate (%) ⁇ MeAla-Phe-OtBu (area%) / [Cbz-MeAla-Phe-OtBu (area%) + MeALa-Phe-OtBu (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- Conversion rate 100%.
- the reaction conversion rate was determined from the peak area value of LC / MS by adding 5 ⁇ L of the reaction solution to 100 ⁇ L of propylamine, diluting with 0.9 mL of methanol, and then subjecting to LC / MS analysis.
- Conversion rate (%) ⁇ Cbz-Hph-MeAla-Phe-OtBu (area%) / [MeAla-Phe-OtBu (area%) + Cbz-Hph-MeAla-Phe-OtBu (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- the remaining organic layer was concentrated to give a peptide.
- the concentrate (peptide) obtained by hydrolysis without the addition of amine was 653.8 mg (yield 116%: the concentrate contained impurities (residual C-terminal active substance), but contained only peptides. Calculated).
- the concentrate obtained by hydrolysis with the addition of amine was 549.4 mg (yield 97%).
- Example 21 Synthesis of Cbz-Leu-Thr (tBu) -Phe-OtBu (Cbz deprotection reaction using a dipeptide obtained by hydrolysis treatment without addition of amine)
- the MTBE / 2-MeTHF solution of Cbz-Thr (tBu) -Phe-OtBu synthesized under the amine-free condition of Example 20 was replaced with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran and concentrated. It was subjected to a hydrogenolysis reaction with 99 mg of 5% Pd / C (50% wet) and hydrogen gas. The reaction was not completed after stirring at 25 ° C. for 1 hour (conversion rate 53%).
- Conversion rate 100%.
- Conversion rate (%) ⁇ Cbz-Leu-Thr (tBu) -Phe-OtBu (Area%) / [Thr (tBu) -Phe-OtBu (Area%) + Cbz-Leu-Thr (tBu) -Phe-OtBu (Area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- DMAP 128 mg (1.0 mmol) and 3.5 mL of a 5% potassium carbonate aqueous solution were added to the reaction solution prepared above, and the mixture was stirred at 25 ° C. for 3 minutes with a stirrer. After stopping the stirring, the mixture was allowed to stand, and the organic layer and the aqueous layer were separated to remove the aqueous layer. The organic layer was then diluted with 3.5 mL x 2 of a 10% potassium sulfate aqueous solution and 3.5 mL of a 5% potassium carbonate aqueous solution. This solution was subjected to LC / MS analysis to determine the peak area percentages of the peptide of interest and residual C-terminal actives.
- the target peptide Cbz-Phe-MeGly-Phe-piperidine had a purity of 94.6%, and Cbz-Phe-MeGly-NHPr derived from the residual C-terminal active substance was not detected.
- the remaining organic layer was concentrated to obtain 520.4 mg of concentrate (yield 94%).
- C-terminal active substance residual rate (%) ⁇ propylamide (area%) / [propylamide (area%) + dipeptide (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- C-terminal active substance residual rate (%) ⁇ propylamide (area%) / [propylamide (area%) + dipeptide area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- DIPEA slightly promoted the hydrolysis of the residual C-terminal active substance as compared with the case of alkaline water without amine added alone, but no significant effect was observed.
- DMAP and NMI significantly promotes the hydrolysis of the residual C-terminal active substance as compared with the addition of DIPEA, and the residual C-terminal active substance may be completely hydrolyzed within 5 minutes, especially when DMAP is used. found.
- amines with less steric hindrance near nitrogen such as DMAP
- DMT-MM-n hydrate (4- (4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl) -4-methylmorpholinium chloride n hydrate) 265 mg ( 0.8 mmol, 13 w% water content) was added and stirred at 25 ° C. for 1 hour, then DMT-MM-n hydrate 119 mg (0.4 mmol, 13 w% water content) was added and stirred at 25 ° C. for 1 hour.
- a peptide bond formation reaction was carried out.
- the residual C-terminal active substance was not completely hydrolyzed by hydrolysis with alkaline water alone, and the residual C-terminal active substance could not be removed by subsequent aqueous washing. It was found that when DMAP was added and hydrolyzed, the residual C-terminal active substance was completely hydrolyzed and the residual C-terminal active substance could be completely removed. At this time, the target dipeptide was obtained with a purity of 98.6% (yield 98%). It is known that the C-terminal active substance produced from DMT-MM, which is a condensing agent that can be used even in a water-containing solvent, is relatively resistant to hydrolysis. However, if an amine additive is used, even the residual C-terminal active substance prepared using DMT-MM can be completely hydrolyzed in a short time and once, and can be completely removed by the subsequent aqueous washing. I found.
- Reference example 1 Synthesis method of MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (condensation reaction) 10.2 g (19.6 mmol) of Cbz-MeAsp (tBu) -OH dicyclohexylamine salt was turbid in 100 mL of ethyl acetate, and 20.6 mL (118 mmol) of diisopropylethylamine and 9.7 mL (98.0 mmol) of piperidine were added. 35.0 mL (58.9 mmol) of a 50% T3P / ethyl acetate solution was added dropwise at 3-10 ° C. over 45 minutes.
- Conversion rate (%) ⁇ Cbz-MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (area%) / [Cbz-MeAsp (tBu) -OH (area%) + Cbz-MeAsp (tBu) -piperidine (area%)] ⁇ ⁇ 100
- a high-purity peptide compound can be produced without column purification by efficiently removing the C-terminal active substance remaining after the condensation reaction when producing the peptide compound.
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Abstract
Description
生成したペプチドの品質低下の例としては、C末端活性体の残存に起因して、不純物ペプチドの副生を招くことや、挿入配列のペプチドが最終産物の不純物として混入することが知られている(特許文献1、2)。
〔1〕ペプチド化合物を製造する方法であって、
工程A:溶媒中で酸成分のC末端活性体をアミン成分と縮合させて得られるペプチド化合物を含む、反応混合液を得る工程、および
工程B:前記反応混合液と三級アミンと水または水溶液とを混合し、該C末端活性体を除去する工程
を含む、前記方法。
〔2〕ペプチド化合物を製造する方法であって、
工程A:溶媒中で酸成分のC末端活性体をアミン成分と縮合させて得られるペプチド化合物を含む、反応混合液を得る工程、および
工程B:前記反応混合液と三級アミンと水または水溶液とを混合し、該三級アミンを未反応のC末端活性体と作用させることを通じて該C末端活性体を除去する工程
を含む、前記方法。
〔3〕酸成分が、アミノ基が保護基で保護された第1のアミノ酸、またはN末端のアミノ基が保護基で保護された第1のペプチドである、〔1〕または〔2〕に記載の方法。
〔4〕アミン成分が、カルボキシル基が保護基で保護された第2のアミノ酸、またはC末端のカルボキシル基が保護基で保護された第2のペプチドである、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔5〕工程Aが縮合剤の存在下で行われる、〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔6〕前記三級アミンが、前記C末端活性体に対して求核反応性を有する、〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔7〕前記三級アミンが、窒素近傍の立体障害が小さいアミンである、〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔8〕前記三級アミンが、下記式(A)、(B)、または(C)で表され:
式中、
R1~R3は、(i)R1およびR2がそれらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって5~6員非芳香族複素環を形成し、かつR3がC1-C2アルキルまたはC2ヒドロキシアルキルであるか、または (ii) それぞれ独立して、C1-C2アルキル、もしくはC2ヒドロキシアルキルであり、
Xは、NまたはOであり、
R4およびR5は、それぞれ独立して、C1-C2アルキル、もしくはC2ヒドロキシアルキルであるか、またはそれらが結合している窒素原子と一緒になって5~6員非芳香族複素環を形成し、但し、XがOである場合、R5は存在せず、
R6およびR7は、それぞれ独立して、H、C1-C2アルキル、またはメトキシであり、
R8およびR9は、それぞれ独立して、H、C1-C2アルキル、もしくはC2ヒドロキシアルキルであるか、またはR8が結合している窒素原子およびR9が結合している炭素原子と一緒になって5~6員非芳香族複素環を形成する、〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔9〕R1~R3が、それぞれ独立して、C1-C2アルキルである、〔8〕に記載の方法。
〔10〕XがNであり、R4およびR5が、それぞれ独立して、C1-C2アルキルであり、R6およびR7がHである、〔8〕に記載の方法。
〔11〕R8およびR9が、それぞれ独立して、HまたはC1-C2アルキルである、〔8〕に記載の方法。
〔12〕前記三級アミンが、NMI、DMAP、またはトリメチルアミンである、〔1〕~〔11〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔13〕前記ペプチド化合物が、1つまたは複数の非天然アミノ酸を含む、〔1〕~〔12〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔14〕前記三級アミンを前記C末端活性体と作用させる際の温度が、25℃~60℃である、〔1〕~〔13〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔15〕前記アミン成分に対して、前記三級アミンを0.5当量以上加える、〔1〕~〔14〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔16〕C末端活性体の残存率が3%以下である、〔1〕~〔15〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔17〕工程Bにおいて、前記反応混合液を有機層と水層に分層し、次いで該有機層を洗浄することをさらに含み、該洗浄後のC末端活性体の残存量が1.0%以下である、〔1〕~〔16〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔18〕前記工程Aにおける溶媒が、トルエン、アセトニトリル、テトラヒドロフラン、2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン、酢酸イソプロピル、酢酸エチル、メチルtert-ブチルエーテル、シクロペンチルメチルエーテル、もしくはN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、またはその混合溶媒である、〔1〕~〔17〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔19〕前記工程Bにおいて、前記水溶液がアルカリ水溶液である、〔1〕~〔18〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔20〕第1のアミノ酸の側鎖が、1個以上の炭素原子を含む、〔1〕~〔19〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔21〕前記側鎖が、置換されていてもよいアルキル、置換されていてもよいアルケニル、置換されていてもよいアルキニル、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル、置換されていてもよいアルコキシアルキル、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルアルキル、置換されていてもよいアラルキル、または置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールアルキルである、〔20〕に記載の方法。
〔22〕前記三級アミンを前記C末端活性体と作用させる際の時間が、2時間以下である、〔1〕~〔21〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔23〕前記三級アミンを前記C末端活性体と作用させる際の時間が、2分~2時間である、〔1〕~〔22〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔24〕前記三級アミンを前記C末端活性体と作用させる際の時間が、5分~60分である、〔1〕~〔23〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔25〕前記三級アミンを前記C末端活性体と作用させる際の時間が、5分~50分である、〔1〕~〔24〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔26〕前記C末端活性体が縮合剤の存在下で形成され、該縮合剤がT3P、HATU、BEP、DMT-MM、EDCとPfpOHの組み合わせ、EDCとHOOBtの組み合わせ、またはEDCとHOBtの組み合わせを含む、〔1〕~〔25〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔27〕工程C:前記ペプチド化合物のN末端の保護基を脱保護する工程をさらに含む、〔1〕~〔26〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔28〕前記C末端活性体を、前記三級アミンと作用させて加水分解し、除去する、〔1〕~〔27〕に記載の方法。
〔29〕残存C末端活性体を含む溶液に三級アミンと水または水溶液を追加して、該C末端活性体を三級アミンと作用させる工程を含む、該C末端活性体の加水分解を促進する方法。
〔30〕残存C末端活性体の加水分解体を含む溶液を水性洗浄する工程を含む、該加水分解体を除去する方法。
本明細書において使用される略語を以下に記す。
アミノ酸の略語
Aib:α-メチルアラニン
Ala:アラニン
Arg:アルギニン
Asn:アスパラギン
Asp:アスパラギン酸
Asp(tBu):O-t-ブチルアスパラギン酸
Aze:アゼチジン-2-カルボン酸
Cys:システイン
Glu:グルタミン酸
Gln:グルタミン
Gly:グリシン
His:ヒスチジン
Hph:ホモフェニルアラニン
Ile:イソロイシン
Leu:ロイシン
Lys:リシン
MeAla:N-メチルアラニン
MeAsp(tBu):N-メチルO-t-ブチルアスパラギン酸
MeGly:N-メチルグリシン
MeIle:N-メチルイソロイシン
MeLeu:N-メチルロイシン
MePhe:N-メチルフェニルアラニン
MeVal:N-メチルバリン
Met:メチオニン
Phe:フェニルアラニン
Phe-OtBu:O-t-ブチルフェニルアラニン
Phe(3-F):3-フルオロフェニルアラニン
Pro:プロリン
Ser:セリン
Ser(tBu):O-t-ブチルセリン
Thr:スレオニン
Thr(tBu):O-t-ブチル-スレオニン
Trp:トリプトファン
Tyr:チロシン
Val:バリン
BEP:テトラフルオロほう酸2-ブロモ-1-エチルピリジニウム
DABCO:1,4-ジアザビシクロ[2.2.2]オクタン
DBU:1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン
DCM:ジクロロメタン
DIPEA:ジイソプロピルジエチルアミン
DMAP:ジメチルアミノピリジン
DMT-MM:4-(4,6-ジメトキシ-1,3,5-トリアジン-2-イル)-4-メチルモルホリニウムクロリド
EDC:1-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)-3-エチルカルボジイミド
HATU:O-(7-アザベンゾトリアゾール-1-イル)-N,N,N’,N’-テトラメチルウロニウムヘキサフルオロリン酸塩
HOAt:1-アザヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール
HOBt:1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール
HOOBt:3,4-ジヒドロ-3-ヒドロキシ-4-オキソ-1,2,3-ベンゾトリアジン
HOSu:N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミド
MTBE:メチル-t-ブチルエーテル
NMI:N-メチルイミダゾール
NMM:N-メチルモルホリン
T3P:プロピルホスホン酸無水物(環状トリマー)
TBAF:テトラブチルアンモニウムフルオリド
TsOH:p-トルエンスルホン酸
Bn:ベンジル
Boc:t-ブトキシカルボニル
Cbz:ベンジルオキシカルボニル
Pfp:ペンタフルオロフェニル
Teoc:2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシカルボニル
本明細書における「ハロゲン原子」としては、F、Cl、BrまたはIが例示される。
ある態様において、本発明はペプチド化合物を製造する方法に関し、該方法は以下の工程を含む。
工程A:溶媒中で酸成分のC末端活性体をアミン成分と縮合させて得られるペプチド化合物を含む、反応混合液を得る工程、および
工程B:前記反応混合液と三級アミンと水または水溶液とを混合し、該C末端活性体を除去する工程。
C末端活性体の残存量の評価は、残存C末端活性体が分析条件(LCMS)で加水分解を受ける可能性があるため、残存C末端活性体をプロピルアミドに変換して行った。
ペプチド化合物(ペプチド合成での目的物)の純度は、LCMSのピーク面積パーセントとして記した。C末端活性体残存率およびC末端活性体残存量相対値は各実施例に記載の計算式により算出した。尚、総ピーク面積は、ブランクピーク、溶媒ピークの面積値を差し引いて補正した。
表中のndは、not detectedの意味を表す。
(混合酸無水物の調整)
Cbz-Ile-OH 463 mg (1.7 mmol)、ペンタメチルベンゼン 31 mg (内部標準物質:0.21 mmol) を2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン3.0 mLに溶解した。室温でジイソプロピルエチルアミン 1.1 mL (6.2 mmol)、T3P/THF 50%溶液 1.9 mL (3.2 mmol) を加え、40 ℃で1時間撹拌して混合酸無水物(C末端活性体)溶液を調製した。調製した混合酸無水物溶液から5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)と反応させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、混合酸無水物への反応変換率をLC/MSのピーク面積より求めた(変換率:97%)。Cbz-Ile-NHPr/MS(ESI):m/z 307.1 [M+H]+。
変換率 (%) = {Cbz-Ile-NHPr (面積%)/[Cbz-Ile-OH (面積%)+ Cbz-Ile-NHPr (面積%)]}×100
調製した混合酸無水物溶液の全量 (6 mL) から1.0 mLをとり、アルカリ水(5%水酸化リチウム水溶液、5%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液、5%炭酸カリウム水溶液、5%水酸化カリウム水溶液、または5%炭酸セシウム水溶液)0.5 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて撹拌(1200 rpm)を行った。撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、ピーク面積比[プロピルアミド:ペンタメチルベンゼン (内部標準物質)]を計算した。
調製した混合酸無水物溶液全量 (6 mL) から1.0 mLをとり、アミン添加剤 (0.19 mmol)、及び5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 0.5 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて撹拌(1200 rpm)を行った。撹拌を停止、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、ピーク面積比[プロピルアミド:ペンタメチルベンゼン (内部標準物質)]を計算した。
LC/MSのピーク面積比[プロピルアミド/ペンタメチルベンゼン (内部標準物質)]を用いた。下記表のC末端活性体残存量相対値は、アミン添加剤を加えず5%炭酸カリウム水溶液で5分間処理したときのピーク面積比[プロピルアミド/ペンタメチルベンゼン]の値3.5を100(entry 1の5minのカラム)としたとき相対値である。
C末端活性体残存量相対値(%) = {[プロピルアミド(面積%)/ペンタメチルベンゼン(面積%)]/ 3.5(entry 1、5 min での[プロピルアミド(面積%)/ペンタメチルベンゼン(面積%)])}x100
(活性エステルの調整)
Cbz-Ile-OH 701 mg (2.64 mmol)、ペンタメチルベンゼン 46 mg (0.31 mmol) を2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン7.0 mLに溶解した。室温でHATU 1.0 g (2.64 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 1.5 mL (8.79 mmol)を加え、60 ℃で4時間撹拌して活性エステル(C末端活性体)溶液を調製した。調製した活性エステル溶液から5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)と反応させた 後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、活性エステルへの反応変換率をLC/MSのピーク面積より求めた(変換率:94%)。Cbz-Ile-NHPr/MS(ESI):m/z 307.1 [M+H]+。
変換率 (%) = {Cbz-Ile-NHPr(面積%)/[Cbz-Ile-OH(面積%)+Cbz-Ile-NHPr(面積%)]}×100
調製した活性エステル溶液の全量 (9 mL) から1.5 mLをとり、アルカリ水(5%炭酸カリウム水溶液)0.75 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて撹拌(1200 rpm)を行った。撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、ピーク面積比[プロピルアミド:ペンタメチルベンゼン (内部標準物質)]を計算した。
調製した活性エステル溶液全量 (9 mL) から1.5 mLをとり、アミン添加剤 (0.44 mmol)、及び5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 0.75 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて撹拌(1200 rpm)を行った。撹拌を停止、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させ、有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、ピーク面積比[プロピルアミド:ペンタメチルベンゼン (内部標準物質)]を計算した。
LC/MSのピーク面積比[プロピルアミド/ペンタメチルベンゼン (内部標準物質)]を用いた。下記表のC末端活性体残存量相対値は、アミン添加剤を加えず5%炭酸カリウム水溶液で5分間処理したときのピーク面積比[プロピルアミド/ペンタメチルベンゼン]の値3.0を100(entry 1の5minのカラム)としたとき相対値である。
C末端活性体残存量相対値(%) = {[プロピルアミド(面積%)/ペンタメチルベンゼン(面積%)]/ 3.0(entry 1、5 minでの[プロピルアミド(面積%)/ペンタメチルベンゼン(面積%)])}x100
Cbz-MeAla-OH 617 mg (2.6 mmol)、ペンタメチルベンゼン 46 mg (0.31 mmol) を2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン4.5 mLからなる溶液に室温でジイソプロピルエチルアミン1.5 mL (8.6 mmol)、T3P/THF 50%溶液 2.6 mL (4.4 mmol) を加え、40 ℃で1時間撹拌して混合酸無水物溶液(C末端活性体)を調製した。調製した混合酸無水物溶液から5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)と反応させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、混合酸無水物への反応変換率をLC/MSのピーク面積より求めた(変換率:90%)。Cbz-MeAla-NHPr/MS (ESI): m/z 279.1 [M+H]+。
変換率 (%) = {Cbz-MeAla-NHPr(面積%)/[Cbz-MeAla-OH(面積%)+Cbz-MeAla-NHPr(面積%)]}×100
調製した混合酸無水物溶液の全量 (9 mL) から1.5 mLをとり、アルカリ水(5%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液、または5%炭酸カリウム水溶液)0.75 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて撹拌(1200 rpm)を行った。撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、ピーク面積比[プロピルアミド:ペンタメチルベンゼン (内部標準物質)]を計算した。
調製した混合酸無水物溶液全量 (9 mL) から1.5 mLをとり、アミン添加剤 (0.43 mmol、0.67当量)、及び5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 0.75 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて撹拌(1200 rpm)を行った。撹拌を停止、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させ、有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、ピーク面積比[プロピルアミド:ペンタメチルベンゼン (内部標準物質)]を計算した。
LC/MSのピーク面積比[プロピルアミド/ペンタメチルベンゼン (内部標準物質)]を用いた。下記表のC末端活性体残存量相対値は、アミン添加剤を加えず5%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液で5分間処理したときのピーク面積比[プロピルアミド/ペンタメチルベンゼン]の値1.1を100(entry 1の5minのカラム)としたとき相対値である。
C末端活性体残存量相対値(%) = {[プロピルアミド(面積%)/ペンタメチルベンゼン(面積%)]/ 1.1(entry 1、5 min での[プロピルアミド(面積%)/ペンタメチルベンゼン(面積%)]}x100
(縮合反応)
H-Phe-OtBu塩酸塩 458 mg (1.8 mmol)、Cbz-Ile-OH 699 mg (2.7 mmol)、及び2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン4.5 mLからなる溶液に室温でジイソプロピルエチルアミン1.6 mL (8.9 mmol)、T3P/THF 50%溶液 2.6 mL (4.4 mmol) を加え、40 ℃で1時間撹拌してペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応溶液から5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)と反応させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、反応変換率をLC/MSのピーク面積より求めた(変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-Ile-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[H-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-Ile-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したジペプチド溶液全量 (9 mL) から1.5 mLをとり、5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 0.75 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて撹拌(1200 rpm)を行った。撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、LC/MS分析に付し、プロピルアミドと目的とするペプチドのピーク面積値を求めて、C末端活性体残存率 (%)を算出した。残った反応液の水層を除去し、有機層を5%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液0.5 mLと5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 0.5 mLで順次洗浄した。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
調製したジペプチド溶液全量 (9 mL) から1.5 mLをとり、アミン(0.15 mmol 0.5当量、0.30 mmol 1.0当量、または0.89 mmol 3当量:当量はH-Phe-OtBu塩酸塩に対してのもの)、及び5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 0.75 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて撹拌(1200 rpm)を行った。撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、プロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、LC/MS分析に付し、プロピルアミドと目的とするペプチドのピーク面積値を求めて、C末端活性体残存率 (%)を算出した。残った反応液の水層を除去し、有機層を5%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液0.75 mLと5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 0.75 mLで順次洗浄した。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。MS(ESI):m/z 413.3 [M-tBu+H]+, 469.3 [M+H]+, 491.3 [M+Na]+。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
アミンを添加して加水分解処理を1回行った後、有機層を5%KHSO4、5%K2CO3で洗浄することにより、有機層中の残存C末端活性体を完全に除去できることを見出した。このとき、目的物であるペプチドは、高純度で得られた。一方、アルカリ水での単独処理では、C末端活性体が残存し、ジペプチドの純度も低かった。
(縮合反応)
H-Phe-OtBu塩酸塩 452 mg (1.8 mmol)、Cbz-Ile-OH 702 mg (2.6 mmol)、及び2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン4.5 mLからなる溶液に室温でジイソプロピルエチルアミン 1.5 mL (8.8 mmol)、T3P/THF 50%溶液 2.6 mL (4.4 mmol) を加え、40 ℃で1時間撹拌してペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応溶液から5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)と反応させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、反応変換率をLC/MSのピーク面積より求めた(変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-Ile-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[H-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-Ile-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したジペプチド溶液全量 (9 mL) から1.5 mLをとり、5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 0.75 mLを加えて、60 ℃で、撹拌子にて撹拌(1200 rpm)を行った。撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、LC/MS分析に付し、プロピルアミドと目的とするペプチドのピーク面積値を求めて、C末端活性体残存率 (%)を算出した。残った反応液の水層を除去し、有機層を5%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液0.75 mLと5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 0.75 mLで順次洗浄した。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
調製したジペプチド溶液全量 (9 mL) から1.5 mLをとり、アミン(0.29 mmol)、及び5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 0.75 mLを加え、60 ℃で、撹拌子にて撹拌(1200 rpm)を行った。撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、プロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、LC/MS分析に付し、プロピルアミドと目的とするペプチドのピーク面積値を求めて、C末端活性体残存率 (%)を算出した。残った反応液の水層を除去し、有機層を5%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液0.75 mLと5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 0.75 mLで順次洗浄した。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。MS(ESI):m/z 413.3 [M-tBu+H]+, 469.3 [M+H]+, 491.3 [M+Na]+。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
(縮合反応)
MePhe-OMe塩酸塩 300 mg (1.3 mmol)、Cbz-MeIle-OH 442 mg (1.6 mmol) をアセトニトリル3.0 mLに懸濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 683 μL (3.9 mmol)を加えた。次いで25 ℃でHATU 594 mg (1.6 mmol) を加えて、25 ℃下30分撹拌した後40 ℃で3時間撹拌し、さらに60 ℃で3時間撹拌してペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から変換率を求めた(変換率:>99%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-MeIle-MePhe-OMe(面積%)/[MePhe-OMe(面積%)+Cbz-MeIle-MePhe-OMe (面積%)]}×100
(1)アミン非添加の場合
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液にMTBE 3.0 mLと5%炭酸カリウム水溶液3.0 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて30分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液にMTBE 3.0 mL、N-メチルイミダゾール 103 μL (1.3 mmol)と5%炭酸カリウム水溶液3.0 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて30分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させ、水層を除去した。次いで有機層を10%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液3 mL×2、5%炭酸カリウム水溶液3 mL、常水1 mL×5で順次洗浄した。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、LC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。残った有機層を濃縮し、ペプチドを得た。アミン非添加加水分解により得られた濃縮物(ペプチド)は671.8 mgであった(収率113%:濃縮物には不純物(残存C末端活性体)を含むが、ペプチドのみを含むものとして計算した)。アミン添加での加水分解により得られた濃縮物は563.7 mgであった (収率95%)。MS(ESI):m/z 455.2 [M+H]+, 477.2 [M+Na]+。
(縮合反応)
MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine 303 mg (1.1 mmol)、Cbz-MeVal-OH 448 mg (1.7 mmol) をアセトニトリル0.6 mL、シクロペンチルメチルエーテル2.4 mL混合溶媒に懸濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 586 μL (3.4 mmol)を加えた。次いで25 ℃でHATU 642 mg (1.7 mmol) を加え、25 ℃で6.5時間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から変換率を求めた (変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)/[MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)+Cbz-MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)]}×100
(1)アミン非添加の場合
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液に5%炭酸カリウム水溶液3.0 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて5分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液にDMAP 136 mg (1.1 mmol)と5%炭酸カリウム水溶液3.0 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて5分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させ、水層を除去した。次いで有機層を10%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液3 mL×2、5%炭酸カリウム水溶液3 mL x 2、常水1 .5 mL×3で順次洗浄した。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、LC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。残った有機層を濃縮し、ペプチドを得た。アミン非添加加水分解により得られた濃縮物(ペプチド)は782.0 mgであった (収率136%:濃縮物には不純物(残存C末端活性体)を含むが、ペプチドのみを含むものとして計算した)。アミン添加での加水分解により得られた濃縮物は530.6 mgであった (収率92%)。MS(ESI):m/z 518.4 [M+H]+, 540.4 [M+Na]+。
(縮合反応)
MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine 299 mg (1.1 mmol)、Cbz-MeVal-OH 458 mg (1.7 mmol) を2-MeTHF 4.5 mL溶媒に懸濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 775 μL (4.4 mmol)を加えた。次いで25 ℃で50%T3P/THF溶液1.6 mL (2.8 mmol) を加え、25 ℃で15時間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から変換率を求めた (変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)/[MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)+Cbz-MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)]}×100
(1)アミン非添加の場合
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液に5%炭酸カリウム水溶液3.0 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて5分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液にDMAP 141 mg (1.1 mmol)と5%炭酸カリウム水溶液3.0 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて5分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させ、水層を除去した。次いで有機層を10%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液3 mL、5%炭酸カリウム水溶液3 mLで順次洗浄した。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、LC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。残った有機層を濃縮し、ペプチドを得た。アミン非添加加水分解により得られた濃縮物(ペプチド)は561.6 mgであった (収率98%:濃縮物には不純物(残存C末端活性体)を含むが、ペプチドのみを含むものとして計算した)。アミン添加での加水分解により得られた濃縮物は501.1 mgであった (収率87%)。MS(ESI):m/z 518.4 [M+H]+, 540.4 [M+Na]+。
(アミン非添加で加水分解処理して得られたジペプチドを使用したCbz脱保護反応)
実施例7でのアミン非添加条件で合成したCbz-MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine 782 mg (残存C末端活性体17.6面積%含む)をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル4.2 mLに溶解させた。5%Pd/C (50%wet) 115 mg と水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付した。反応がほとんど進行しなかったため、フィルターを用いてPd/Cをろ去した後、濃縮乾固し、再度シクロペンチルメチルエーテル4.2 mLに溶解させて、5%Pd/C (50%wet) 105 mgを加え、再度、加水素分解反応に付した。しかし、合計3時間反応させても、反応は殆ど進行しなかった(反応変換率:1.6%)。反応変換率は、応液5 μLをとり、アセトニトリル1.0 mLで希釈した後、フィルターでろ過した溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)/[MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)+Cbz-MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)]}×100
実施例7でのアミン添加条件で合成したCbz-MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine 543 mg (1.0 mmol)をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル4.3 mLに溶解させた。5%Pd/C (50%wet) 124 mg と水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付した。室温で2時間撹拌し、脱Cbz体であるMeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidineを得た (変換率100%)。反応変換率は、反応液5 μLをとり、アセトニトリル1.0 mLで希釈した後、フィルターでろ過した溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。MS(ESI): m/z 384.3 [M+H]+。
変換率(%)={MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)/[MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)+Cbz-MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)]}×100
反応液をフィルターでろ過し、Pd/Cをろ去した後、濃縮乾固した。2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン4.3 mLに乾固物を溶解させ、Cbz-Ile-OH 362 mg (1.3 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 715 μL (4.1 mmol)を加えた。次いで25 ℃で50%T3P/THF溶液 1.4 mL (2.4 mmol) を加え、40 ℃で7時間、さらに室温で14時間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:100%)。調製した反応溶液にN-メチルイミダゾール 81 μL (1.0 mmol)、20%炭酸カリウム水溶液2.6 mLを加え、25 ℃で、撹拌子にて45分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させ、水層を除去した。次いで有機層を10%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液5.2 mL、5%炭酸カリウム水溶液5.2 mLx2で順次洗浄した。得られた有機層5 μLをノルマルプロピルアミン100 μLに加えて、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。この溶液をLC/MS分析に付して、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体のピーク面積パーセントを求めた。目的とするペプチドCbz-Ile-MeVal-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidineは95.1%であり、残存C末端活性体由来のCbz-Ile-NHPrは検出されなかった。残った有機層を濃縮し、濃縮物542.7 mgを得た(収率82%)。MS(ESI): m/z 631.5 [M+H]+、653.4 [M+Na]+。
Phe-OtBu塩酸塩 200 mg (0.8 mmol)、Cbz-Phe(3-F)-OH 297 mg (0.9 mmol) をトルエン3.0 mL懸濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 407 μL (2.3 mmol)を加えた。次いで25 ℃で50%T3P/THF溶液 0.9 mL (1.6 mmol) を加え、室温下30分撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:100%)。反応変換率は、反応液5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μLに加えて、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={Cbz-Phe(3-F)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-Phe(3-F)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
Phe-OtBu塩酸塩 300 mg (1.2 mmol)、Cbz-Ser(OtBu)-OH 450 mg (1.5 mmol) を2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン3.6 mL懸濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 610 μL (3.5 mmol)を加えた。次いで25 ℃で50%T3P/THF溶液 1.4 mL (2.3 mmol) を加え、室温下1時間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:100%)。反応変換率は、反応液5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μLに加えて、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={Cbz-Ser(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-Ser(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
(Boc脱保護反応)
Boc-Phe-piperidine 471 mg (1.4 mmol)をジクロロメタン4.7 mL溶解し、メタンスルホン酸180 μL (2.8 mmol)を加えた。35 ℃で2時間撹拌し、脱Boc反応を行った (変換率100%)。反応変換率は、反応液5 μLをとり、アセトニトリル1.0 mLで希釈した溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率 (%)={Phe-piperidine(面積%)/[Boc-Phe-piperidine(面積%)+Phe-piperidine(面積%)]}×100
上記反応溶液に、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 742 μL (4.3 mmol)を加えた後、溶媒を留去した。次いでアセトニトリル1.4 mL、2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン3.3 mL、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン742 μL (4.3 mmol)、Boc-MeVal-OH 492 mg (2.1 mmol)を加えた。25 ℃でHATU 804 mg (2.2 mmol) を加えて、室温で1時間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:100%)。反応変換率は、反応液5 μLをとり、ノルマルプロピルアミン100 μLに加えて、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={Boc-MeVal-Phe-piperidine(面積%)/[Phe-piperidine(面積%)+Boc-MeVal-Phe-piperidine (面積%)]}×100
(Cbz-MePhe-MeGly-OtBuの合成)
(縮合反応)
MeGly-OtBu塩酸塩 2.0 g (11.0 mmol) を酢酸イソプロピル16 mL、アセトニトリル 4 mLに縣濁させて、ジイソプロピルジエチルアミン7.7 mL (44.0 mmol)、Cbz-MePhe-OH 3.6 g (11.5 mmol)を加えた。反応液を0℃に冷却し、T3P/酢酸エチル溶液 9.7 mL (16.5 mmol)を加えた後、室温で30分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:100%)。反応変換率は反応液3μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
上記方法で得たCbz-MePhe-MeGly-OtBu全量を酢酸イソプロピル75 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C (3% wet) 0.98 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付した。室温で2時間撹拌し、脱Cbz化体を得た(変換率:100%)。反応変換率は反応液3μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
反応液をフィルターでろ過し、トルエンを加えて共沸脱水を行った。濃縮物に酢酸イソプロピル39 mL、アセトニトリル 9.7 mLに溶解させて、0℃に冷却した。Cbz-Aze-OH 2.6 g (11.0 mmol)、50%T3P/酢酸エチル溶液 13.0 mL (22.0 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン7.7 mL (44.0 mmol) を加えた後、室温で30分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液3μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
上記方法で得たCbz-Aze-MePhe-MeGly-OtBu 5.5 g (10.6 mmol) を酢酸イソプロピル75 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C (3% wet) 0.95 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付した。50℃で2時間撹拌し、脱Cbz化体を得た(変換率:100%)。反応変換率は反応液3μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
反応液をフィルターでろ過し、トルエンを加えて2回共沸脱水を行った。濃縮物に酢酸イソプロピル32.8 mL、アセトニトリル 8.2 mLに溶解させた。Cbz-MeAla-OH 2.7 g (11.1 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン7.4 mL (42.3 mmol) を加えた後、50%T3P/酢酸エチル溶液12.5 mL (21.1 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン7.4 mL (42.3 mmol) を加えた。室温で2時間撹拌した後、Cbz-MeAla-OH 0.39 g (1.7 mmol)、T3P/酢酸エチル溶液 1.9 mL (3.2 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン1.1 mL (6.3 mmol) を追加し、さらに室温で2時間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:97%)。反応変換率は反応液3μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
上記方法で得たCbz-MeAla-Aze-MePhe-MeGly-OtBu(配列番号:2) 5.8 g (9.6 mmol) を酢酸イソプロピル88 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C (3% wet) 0.93 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付した。室温で5時間撹拌した後、反応液をフィルターでろ過した(変換率:100%)。反応変換率は反応液3μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
上記濃縮物 1.5 g (3.2 mmol)とCbz-Ile-OH 1.3 g (4.7 mmol)を酢酸イソプロピル18 mL、アセトニトリル 4.5 mLに溶解させた。ジイソプロピルエチルアミン2.2 mL (12.6 mmol)、HATU 2.4 g (6.3 mmol)を加えて、室温で30分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液3μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
Cbz-MeAla-MePhe-Leu-MeLeu-Val-MeGly-MeIle-Ser(tBu)-MePhe-MeVal-Asp(tBu)-piperidine/配列番号:4 (11 mer)の合成
(Cbz-MeVal-Asp(tBu)-piperidineの合成)
(縮合反応)
Asp(tBu)-piperidine 8.6 g (33.5 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル 108 mLに溶解させた。Cbz-MeVal-OH 9.79 g (36.9 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン17.6 mL (101 mmol)を加えた。BEP 13.8 g (50.3 mmol)をアセトニトリル 21.5 mLに溶解した後、反応液に加えて、室温で3分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
上記方法にて得たCbz-MeVal-Asp(tBu)-piperidine 9.5 g (9.6 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル50 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C (3% wet) 1.9 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付し、35℃で2時間撹拌した (変換率:100%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
上記濃縮物をクロペンチルメチルエーテル 126 mL、アセトニトリル14 mLに溶解させた。Cbz-MePhe-OH 13.0 g (41.7 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン52.9 mL (303 mmol)を加えた。50%T3P/酢酸エチル溶液 67.0 mL (114 mmol)を加えて、室温で1時間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った(変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
上記方法で得たCbz-MePhe-MeVal-Asp(tBu)-piperidine 11.5 g (9.6 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル58 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C 2.3 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付し、35℃で2時間撹拌した(変換率:100%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
上記濃縮物17.3 g (32.6 mmol)をクロペンチルメチルエーテル 153 mL、アセトニトリル17mLに溶解させた。Cbz-Ser(tBu)-OH 10.6 g (35.9 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン45.5 mL (261 mmol)を加えた。50%T3P/酢酸エチル溶液 57.6 mL (98.0 mmol)を加えて、室温で15分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
Cbz-Ser(tBu)-MePhe-MeVal-Asp(tBu)-piperidine(配列番号:5) 12.0 g (14.9 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル60 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C 2.4 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付し、35℃で2時間撹拌した (変換率:>98%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
上記濃縮物16.0 g (23.7 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル 200 mLに溶解させた。Cbz-MeIle-OH 7.3 g (26.1 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン12.4 mL (71.2 mmol)を加えた。BEP 9.8 g (35.6 mmol)をアセトニトリル 40 mLに溶解した後、反応液に加えて、室温で5分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%) = {目的化合物 (面積%)/[原料 (面積%)+目的化合物 (面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
Cbz-MeIle-Ser(tBu)-MePhe-MeVal-Asp(tBu)-piperidine(配列番号:6) 9.5 g (10.2 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル48 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C 1.9 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付し、35℃で2時間撹拌した。同様の操作を再度行い、合わせた反応液をフィルターでろ過した。ろ液を濃縮し、濃縮物15.6 gを得た(収率96%)。
上記濃縮物15.3 g (19.1 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル 138 mL、アセトニトリル15 mLに溶解させた。Cbz-MeGly-OH 4.7 g (21.0 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン26.7 mL (153 mmol)を加えた。50%T3P/酢酸エチル溶液 33.8 mL (57.3 mmol)を加えて、室温で15分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
Cbz-MeGly-MeIle-Ser(tBu)-MePhe-MeVal-Asp(tBu)-piperidine(配列番号:7) 9.5 g (10.2 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル48 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C 1.9 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付し、35℃で3時間撹拌した (変換率:100%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
上記濃縮物16.0 g (18.4 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル 144 mL、アセトニトリル16 mLに溶解させた。Cbz-Val-OH 5.1 g (20.2 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン25.6 mL (147 mmol)を加えた。50%T3P/酢酸エチル溶液 32.4 mL (55.0 mmol)を加えて、室温で30分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った(変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
Cbz-Val-MeGly-MeIle-Ser(tBu)-MePhe-MeVal-Asp(tBu)-piperidine(配列番号:8) 9.2 g (8.3 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル46 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C 1.8 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付し、35℃で6時間、さらに45℃で4時間撹拌した (変換率:100%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
上記濃縮物14.5 g (14.9 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル 181 mLに溶解させた。Cbz-MeLeu-OH 4.6 g (16.4 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン7.8 mL (44.8 mmol)を加えた。BEP 4.9 g (17.9 mmol)をアセトニトリル36 mLに溶解させた後、得られたBEP溶液を反応液に加えて、40℃で1分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った(変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
Cbz-MeLeu-Val-MeGly-MeIle-Ser(tBu)-MePhe-MeVal-Asp(tBu)-piperidine(配列番号:9) 8.0 g (6.5 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル40 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C 1.6 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付し、45℃で4時間撹拌した (変換率:100%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
上記濃縮物13.0 g (11.8 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル 117 mL、アセトニトリル13 mLに溶解させた。Cbz-Leu-OH 3.5 g (13.0 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン16.5 mL (95.0 mmol)を加えた。50%T3P/酢酸エチル溶液 20.9 mL (35.5 mmol)を反応液に加えて、室温で30分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
Cbz-Leu-MeLeu-Val-MeGly-MeIle-Ser(tBu)-MePhe-MeVal-Asp(tBu)-piperidine(配列番号:11) 10.0 g (7.4 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル50 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C 2.0 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付し、45℃で4時間撹拌した (変換率:100%)。反応液をフィルターでろ過した後、ろ液を濃縮し、濃縮物8.9 gを得た(収率99%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。MS (ESI) : m/z 1211.7 [M+H]+、1233.7 [M+Na]+。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
上記濃縮物7.0 g (5.8 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル 87.5 mLに溶解させた。Cbz-MePhe-OH 2.0 g (6.4 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン3.0 mL (17.3 mmol)を加えた。BEP 1.9 g (17.9 mmol)をアセトニトリル17.5 mLに溶解させた後、得られたBEP溶液を反応液に加えて、室温で3分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%) = {目的化合物 (面積%)/[原料 (面積%)+目的化合物 (面積%)]}×100
(Cbz脱保護反応)
Cbz-MePhe-Leu-MeLeu-Val-MeGly-MeIe-Ser(tBu)-MePhe-MeVal-Asp(tBu)-piperidine(配列番号:12) 7.6 g (5.0 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル38 mLに溶解し、10%Pd/C 2.0 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付し、45℃で4時間撹拌した (変換率:100%)。反応液をフィルターでろ過した後、ろ液を濃縮し、濃縮物6.8 gを得た(収率98%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
上記濃縮物500 mg (0.4 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル 4.5 mL、アセトニトリル0.5 mLに溶解させた。Cbz-MeAla-OH 95.0 mg (0.4 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン509 μL (2.9 mmol)を加えた。50%T3P/酢酸エチル溶液 644 μL (1.1 mmol) を加えて、室温で2時間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った (変換率:>99%)。反応変換率は反応液5μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={目的化合物(面積%)/[原料(面積%)+目的化合物(面積%)]}×100
(Teoc-MeLeu-Opfpの合成)
MeLeu-OH 2.35 g (16.2 mmol) を1,4-ジオキサン23.5 mLに溶解させて、Teoc-OSu 4.61 g (17.8 mmol)、水23.5 mL、トリエチルアミン 4.5 mL (32.4 mmol)を加えた。室温で1時間撹拌し、Teoc化反応を行った。5%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液を加えて、反応溶液を酸性にした後、酢酸エチル50 mLで抽出し、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄した。得られた有機層を濃縮乾固し、濃縮物をジクロロメタン30 mLに溶解させた。Pfp-OH 3.10 g (16.2 mmol)、EDC塩酸塩 4.53 g (24.3 mmol)を加えて、室温で30分間撹拌し、Pfp化反応を行った。反応溶液を飽和食塩水で洗浄した後、水層を酢酸エチル50 mLで抽出した。合わせた有機層を濃縮し、得られた濃縮物をカラムクロマトグラフィー(酢酸エチル/ヘプタン)で精製し、Teoc-MeLeu-OPfp 6.63gを得た(収率:90%)。
Phe-OtBu塩酸塩 201 mg (0.8 mmol)、Teoc-MeLeu-OPfp 536 mg (1.2 mmol)を酢酸イソプロピル3.0 mLに懸濁し、4-メチルモルホリン 257 μL (2.3 mmol) を加えて、25 ℃で3時間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から変換率を求めた (変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Teoc-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Teoc-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
(1)アミン非添加の場合
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液に5%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液2.0 mLを加えて、25 ℃で撹拌子にて20分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液にDMAP 95 mg (0.8 mmol)、5%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液2.0 mLを加えて、25 ℃で撹拌子にて20分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率 (%) ={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させて、水層を除去した。次いで有機層を10%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液2 mL×2、5%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液 2 mLで順次洗浄した。さらに5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 1 mL、常水1 mL×2での洗浄を3回繰り返した。得られた有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈して、LC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積を求めた。アミン非添加加水分解により得られた濃縮物(ペプチド)は576.6 mgであった (収率150%:濃縮物には不純物(残存C末端活性体)を含むが、ペプチドのみを含むものとして計算した)。アミン添加での加水分解により得られた濃縮物は、369.6 mg (収率96%)であった。MS(ESI):m/z 437.3 [M-tBu+H]+, 493.3 [M+H]+, 515.3 [M+Na]+。
(アミン非添加で加水分解処理して得られたジペプチドを使用したTeoc脱保護反応)
実施例15でのアミン非添加条件で合成したTeoc-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu 576.6 mg (残存C末端活性体8.9面積%を含む) を2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン2.0 mLに溶解させた。TBAFの8.4%含水テトラヒドロフラン溶液 1.5 mL (1.5 mmol) を加えた後、50℃で2.5時間撹拌した。反応が完結しなかったため、TBAFの8.4%含水テトラヒドロフラン溶液 0.75 mL (0.75 mmol) を加えて、2.5時間撹拌した。さらにTBAFの8.4%含水テトラヒドロフラン溶液 0.75 mL (0.75 mmol) を加えて30分間撹拌し、脱Teoc体であるMeLeu-Phe-OtBuを得た (変換率100%)。反応変換率は、反応液5μLをとり、アセトニトリル1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Teoc-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
内容量が約1 mLになるまで濃縮した後、2-メチルテトラヒドロフランを2 mLを加えた。本操作をさらに2回繰り返し、得られた2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン溶液にアセトニトリル0.5 mL、Cbz-Aib-OH 276 mg (1.1 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 0.66 mL (3.8 mmol)を加えた。次いで25℃でHATU 441 mg (1.1 mmol)を加えて、室温で14時間撹拌した。HATU 579 mg (1.5 mmol)を加えて、40℃で1時間撹拌した後、HATU 684 mg (1.8 mmol)を加えて60℃に昇温し、4.5時間撹拌した。さらにHATU 455 mg (1.1 mmol)を加えて、60℃で2時間、室温で12時間、60℃で2時間撹拌したが、縮合反応の進行は観察されなかった(変換率0%)。反応変換率は、反応液5μLをプロピルアミン100 μLに加えて、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={Cbz-Aib-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-Aib-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
実施例15でのアミン添加条件で合成したTeoc-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu 369.6 mg (0.75 mmol) を2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン2.0 mLに溶解させた。TBAFの8.4%含水テトラヒドロフラン溶液 1.5 mL (1.5 mmol) を加えた後、50℃で2.5時間撹拌し、脱Teoc体であるMeLeu-Phe-OtBuを得た (変換率100%)。反応変換率は、反応液5μLをとり、アセトニトリル1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Teoc-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
内容量が約1 mLになるまで濃縮した後、2-メチルテトラヒドロフランを2 mLを加えた。本操作をさらに2回繰り返し、得られた2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン溶液にアセトニトリル0.5 mL、Cbz-Aib-OH 273 mg (1.1 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 0.66 mL (3.8 mmol)を加えた。次いで25℃でHATU 439 mg (1.1 mmol)を加えて、室温で14時間撹拌した。HATU 576 mg (1.5 mmol)を加えて、40℃で5.5時間撹拌した。さらにHATU 452 mg (1.1 mmol)を加えて、60℃で2時間、室温で12時間、60℃で2時間撹拌した(変換率86%)。反応変換率は、反応液5μLをプロピルアミン100 μLに加えて、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。変換率(%)={Cbz-Aib-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-Aib-MeLeu-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
また、脱保護に続く、次工程での別のC末端活性体との縮合反応(ペプチド結合形成反応)が、全く進行しないことが明らかになった。おそらく、前行程(N末端の脱保護)で使用した過剰の試薬がC末端活性体を分解したと推定される。このように、C末端活性体が残存するとN末端の脱保護の際に、大過剰の試薬が必要となり、そのことが、続く縮合反応の進行を妨げることにつながることを見出した。一方、残存C末端活性体が完全に除去されたペプチド溶液を原料として用いれば、適量の脱保護試薬で脱保護反応が完結し、次工程の縮合反応も実施可能であることを見出した。
(縮合反応)
Phe-OtBu塩酸塩 302 mg (1.2 mmol)、Cbz-MeAla-OH 417 mg (1.7 mmol)、HOOBt 290 mg (1.8 mmol) をアセトニトリル0.9 mL、MTBE 3.6 mLに懸濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン1.0 mL (5.8 mmol) を加えた。次いで、EDC塩酸塩 443 mg (2.3 mmol) を加えて、25 ℃で30分間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から変換率を求めた (変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-MeAla-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-MeALa-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
(1)アミン非添加の場合
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液に5%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液3.0 mLを加えて、25 ℃で撹拌子にて5分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液にDMAP 147 mg (1.1 mmol)、5%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液3.0 mLを加えて、25 ℃で撹拌子にて5分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させて、水層を除去した。次いで有機層を10%硫酸水素ナトリウム水溶液3 mL×2、5%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液 3 mLで順次洗浄した。得られた有機層5 μLをプロピルアミン100 μLに加えて、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。この溶液をLC/MS分析に付して、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体のピーク面積パーセントを求めた。MS(ESI):m/z 385.2 [M-tBu+H]+, 441.3 [M+H]+, 463.2 [M+Na]+。
(アミン非添加で加水分解処理して得られたジペプチドを使用したCbz脱保護反応)
実施例17でのアミン非添加条件で合成したCbz-MeAla-Phe-OtBuのMTBE溶液を2-メチルテトラヒドロフランに置換濃縮した。5%Pd/C (50%wet) 101 mgと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付した。25 ℃で6時間撹拌したが、反応は完結しなかった (変換率35%)。反応変換率は、反応液5μLをとり、アセトニトリル1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={MeAla-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Cbz-MeAla-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+MeALa-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
実施例17でのアミン添加条件で合成したCbz-MeAla-Phe-OtBuのMTBE溶液を2-メチルテトラヒドロフランに置換濃縮した。5%Pd/C (50%wet) 102 mgと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付した。25 ℃で3時間撹拌し、脱Cbz化体であるMeAla-Phe-OtBuを得た (変換率100%)。反応変換率は、反応液5μLをとり、アセトニトリル1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。MS(ESI):m/z 307.2 [M+H]+。
変換率(%)={MeAla-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Cbz-MeAla-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+MeALa-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
アミン添加で加水分解処理して得られたジペプチドのCbz脱保護体反応液を、フィルターでろ過し、Pd/Cをろ去した後、濃縮乾固した。2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン2.5 mLに乾固物を溶解させ、Cbz-Hph-OH 474 mg (1.5 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 610 μL (3.5 mmol)を加えた。次いでT3P/2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン溶液 1.37 mL (2.33 mmol)を加えて25℃で1.5時間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った(変換率:100%)。反応変換率は、反応液5μLをプロピルアミン100 μLに加えて、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={Cbz-Hph-MeAla-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[MeAla-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-Hph-MeAla-Phe-OtBu (面積%)]}×100
(縮合反応)
D-Val-OBn TsOH塩 502 mg (1.3 mmol)、Cbz-Aib-OH 478 mg (2.0 mmol) を2-MeTHF 6.0 mLに縣濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 1.2 mL (6.9 mmol)を加えた。次いで25℃で50%T3P/2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン溶液 1.9 mL (3.3 mmol)を加えて、25℃で15時間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積から変換率を求めた (変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-Aib-D-Val-OBn(面積%)/[D-Val-OBn(面積%)+Cbz-Aib-D-Val-OBn(面積%)]}×100
(1)アミン非添加の場合
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液に5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 5.0 mLを加えて25℃で撹拌子にて30分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液にDMAP 484 mg (4.0 mmol)と5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 5.0 mLを加えて25℃で撹拌子にて30分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させて、水層を除去した。次いで有機層を10%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液 5 mLと5%炭酸カリウム水溶液2.5 mLで順次洗浄した。有機層5 μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈してLC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。残った有機層を濃縮し、ペプチドを得た。アミン非添加での加水分解により得られた濃縮物(ペプチド)は653.8 mgであった (収率116%:濃縮物には不純物(残存C末端活性体)を含むが、ペプチドのみを含むものとして計算した)。アミン添加での加水分解により得られた濃縮物は549.4 mgであった (収率97%)。MS(ESI):m/z 427.3 [M+H]+, 449.2 [M+Na]+。
(縮合反応)
Phe-OtBu塩酸塩 300 mg (1.2 mmol)、Cbz-Thr(tBu)-OHジシクロヘキシルアミン塩 855 mg (1.7 mmol) 、HOBt 237 mg (1.8 mmol)を2-MeTHF 4.2 mL、アセトニトリル 0.9 mLに縣濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 813 μL (4.6 mmol)を加えた。次いで25℃でEDC 塩酸塩447 mg (2.3 mmol)を加えて、25℃で3時間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積から変換率を求めた (変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
(1)アミン非添加の場合
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液に5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 3.0 mLを加えて25℃で撹拌子にて5分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液にDMAP 142 mg (1.2 mmol)と5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 3.0 mLを加えて25℃で撹拌子にて5分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させて、水層を除去した。次いで有機層を10%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液 3 mL、5%炭酸カリウム水溶液3 mL、水1.5 mLで順次洗浄した。有機層5 μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈してLC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。残った有機層を濃縮し、ペプチドを得た。MS(ESI):m/z 401.2 [M-2tBu+H]+、457.2 [M-tBu+H]+、513.3 [M+H]+、535.3 [M+Na]+。
(アミン非添加で加水分解処理して得られたジペプチドを使用したCbz脱保護反応)
実施例20でのアミン非添加条件で合成したCbz-Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBuのMTBE/2-MeTHF溶液を2-メチルテトラヒドロフランに置換濃縮した。5%Pd/C (50%wet) 99 mgと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付した。25 ℃で1時間撹拌したが、反応は完結しなかった (変換率53%)。反応変換率は、反応液5μLをとり、アセトニトリル1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Cbz-Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
実施例20でのアミン添加条件で合成したCbz-Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBuのMTBE/2-MeTHF溶液を2-メチルテトラヒドロフランに置換濃縮した。5%Pd/C (50%wet) 104 mgと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付した。25 ℃で1時間撹拌し、脱Cbz化体であるThr(tBu)-Phe-OtBuを得た (変換率100%)。反応変換率は、反応液5μLをとり、アセトニトリル1.0 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Cbz-Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
アミン添加で加水分解処理して得られたジペプチドのCbz脱保護体反応液を、フィルターでろ過し、Pd/Cをろ去した後、濃縮乾固した。2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン5.0 mLに乾固物を溶解させ、Cbz-Leu-OH 382 mg (1.4 mmol)、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 814 μL (4.7 mmol)を加えた。次いで50%T3P/2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン溶液 1.37 mL (2.3 mmol)を加えて25℃で30分間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った(変換率:100%)。反応変換率は、反応液5μLをプロピルアミン100 μLに加えて、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した後、LC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={Cbz-Leu-Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-Leu-Thr(tBu)-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
(縮合反応)
Phe-OtBu塩酸塩 301 mg (1.2 mmol)、Cbz-Ile-OH 465 mg (1.8 mmol)をMTBE 3.6 mL、アセトニトリル 0.9 mLに縣濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 610 μL (3.5 mmol)を加えた。次いで25℃でBEP 479 mg (1.8 mmol)を加えて、25℃で45分間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積から変換率を求めた (変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-Ile-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-Ile-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
(1)アミン非添加の場合
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液に5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 3.0 mLを加えて25℃で撹拌子にて3分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液にDMAP 139 mg (1.1 mmol)と5%炭酸カリウム水溶液 3.0 mLを加えて25℃で撹拌子にて3分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させて、水層を除去した。次いで有機層を10%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液 3 mL、5%炭酸カリウム水溶液3 mLで順次洗浄した。2-MeTHF 2 mLを加えた後、水1.5 mLで洗浄した。有機層5 μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈してLC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。残った有機層を濃縮し、ペプチドを得た。MS (ESI):m/z 413.3 [M-tBu+H]+, 469.3 [M+H]+, 491.3 [M+Na]+。
(Boc脱保護反応)
Boc-Phe-piperidine1 334 mg (1.0 mmol) をジクロロメタン3.4 mLに溶解し、メタンスルホン酸 131μL (2.0 mmol) を加えた。35 ℃で3時間撹拌し、脱Boc反応を行った (変換率:100%)。反応変換率は反応液5 μLをとり、アセトニトリル1.0 mLで希釈した溶液をLCMS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から求めた。
変換率(%)={Phe-piperidine(面積%)/[Boc-Phe-piperidine(面積%)+Phe-piperidine(面積%)]}×100
上記反応溶液に、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 528 μL (3.0 mmol) を加えた後、溶媒を留去した。次いでアセトニトリル 1.0 mL、2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン3.4 mL、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 528 μL (3.0 mmol)、Cbz-Phe-MeGly-OH2 505 mg (1.5 mmol)、HOOBt 256 mg (1.6 mmol) を加えた。25℃でEDC塩酸塩 388 mg (2.0 mmol)を加えて、25℃で1時間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積から変換率を求めた (変換率:100%)
変換率(%)={Cbz-Phe-MeGly-Phe-piperidine(面積%)/[Phe-piperidine(面積%)+Cbz-Phe-MeGly-Phe-piperidine(面積%)]}×100
2) Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 2004, 77, 1187-1193.
(縮合反応)
Phe-OtBu塩酸塩 200 mg (0.8 mmol)、Cbz-Val-OH 294 mg (1.2 mmol) を2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン2.4 mL、アセトニトリル0.6 mLに縣濁し、N-エチルモルホリン294 μL (2.3 mmol) を加えた。次いで、25℃でHATU 447 mg (1.2 mmol) を加えて、25℃下で2.5時間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5 μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積から変換率を求めた(変換率:100%)。MS (ESI):m/z 399.3 [M-tBu+H]+、455.3 [M+H]+
変換率(%)={Cbz-Val-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-Val-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
(1)アミン非添加の場合
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液に5%炭酸カリウム水溶液2.0 mLを加えて、25℃で撹拌子にて撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した(下表)。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液に下表に示すアミン添加剤 (0.8 mmol) と5%炭酸カリウム水溶液2.0 mLを加えて、25℃で撹拌子にて撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol) に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した(下表)。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド面積%)]}×100
(縮合反応)
Val-OBn 塩酸塩 300 mg (1.2 mmol)、Cbz-Ile-OH 495 mg (1.9 mmol) をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル 3.0 mL、アセトニトリル0.9 mLに縣濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 859 μL (4.9 mmol)を加えた。次いで25℃でHATU 705 mg (1.9 mmol)を加えて、25℃で1時間撹拌しペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積から変換率を求めた (変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-Ile-Val-OBn(面積%)/[Val-OBn(面積%)+Cbz-Ile-Val-OBn(面積%)]}×100
(1)アミン非添加の場合
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液に中性水3.0 mLを加えて25℃で撹拌子にて5分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液にDMAP 91 mg (0.7 mmol)と中性水3.0 mLを加えて25℃で撹拌子にて5分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させて、水層を除去した。次いで有機層を10%硫酸水素ナトリウム水溶液 3 mLと5%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液3 mL×2、常水1.5 mL×3で順次洗浄した。有機層5 μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈してLC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。残った有機層を濃縮し、ペプチドを得た。アミン非添加での加水分解により得られた濃縮物(ペプチド)は744 mgであった (収率132%:濃縮物には不純物(残存C末端活性体)を含むが、ペプチドのみを含むものとして計算した)。アミン添加での加水分解により得られた濃縮物は528 mgであった (収率94%)。MS(ESI):m/z 455.3 [M+H]+, 477.3 [M+Na]+。
(縮合反応)
Phe-OtBu 塩酸塩 200 mg (0.8 mmol)、Cbz-MeAla-OH 260 mg (1.2 mmol) を2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン2.4 mL、アセトニトリル0.6 mLに縣濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 271 μL (1.6 mmol)を加えた。次いで25℃でDMT-MM-n水和物 (4-(4,6-ジメトキシ-1,3,5-トリアジン-2-イル)-4-メチルモルホリニウムクロリドn水和物) 265 mg (0.8 mmol, 13w%含水)を加えて、25℃で1時間撹拌した後、DMT-MM-n水和物119 mg (0.4 mmol, 13w%含水)を加えて、25℃で1時間撹拌し、ペプチド結合形成反応を行った。反応液5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100 μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。本溶液をLC/MS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積から変換率を求めた (変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-MeAla-Phe-OtBu(面積%)/[Phe-OtBu(面積%)+Cbz-MeAla-Phe-OtBu(面積%)]}×100
(1)アミン非添加の場合
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液に5%炭酸カリウム水溶液2.0 mLを加えて25℃で撹拌子にて10分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
上記調製したペプチドを含む反応溶液にDMAP 96 mg (0.8 mmol)と5%炭酸カリウム水溶液2.0 mLを加えて25℃で撹拌子にて10分間撹拌を行った。撹拌を停止し、有機層と水層を分層させた。有機層5μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈した。LC/MSのピーク面積値から、以下の計算式に従ってC末端活性体残存率を計算した。
C末端活性体残存率(%)={プロピルアミド(面積%)/[プロピルアミド(面積%)+ジペプチド(面積%)]}×100
撹拌を停止した後、静置し、有機層と水層を分層させて、水層を除去した。次いで有機層を10%硫酸水素カリウム水溶液 2 mLと5%炭酸カリウム水溶液2 mL、常水1 mL×2で順次洗浄した。有機層5 μLをとり、プロピルアミン100μL (1.2 mmol)に加えて、残存するC末端活性体をプロピルアミドへ変換させた後、メタノール0.9 mLで希釈してLC/MS分析に付し、目的とするペプチドと残存C末端活性体(プロピルアミドへの変換体)のピーク面積値を求めた。残った有機層を濃縮し、ペプチドを得た。アミン非添加での加水分解により得られた濃縮物(ペプチド)は387 mgであった (収率114%:濃縮物には不純物(残存C末端活性体)を含むが、ペプチドのみを含むものとして計算した)。アミン添加での加水分解により得られた濃縮物は336 mgであった (収率98%)。MS(ESI):m/z 385.2 [M-tBu+H]+, 441.3 [M+H]+, 463.3 [M+Na]+。
(縮合反応)
Cbz-MeAsp(tBu)-OHジシクロへキシルアミン塩 10.2 g (19.6 mmol)を酢酸エチル100 mLに縣濁し、ジイソプロピルエチルアミン 20.6 mL (118 mmol)、ピペリジン 9.7 mL (98.0 mmol)を加えた。3~10℃で50%T3P/酢酸エチル溶液 35.0 mL (58.9 mmol)を45分かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、反応液5 μLをとり、メタノール1.0 mLで希釈した溶液をLCMS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から反応変換率を求めた (変換率:100%)。
変換率(%)={Cbz-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)/[Cbz-MeAsp(tBu)-OH(面積%)+Cbz-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine (面積%)]}×100
上記濃縮液をシクロペンチルメチルエーテル100 mLに溶解し、5%Pd/C (50% wet) 2.0 gと水素ガスにて加水素分解反応に付した。室温で5時間撹拌子、目的物であるMeAsp(tBu)-piperidineを得た(変換率100%)。反応変換率は反応液5 μLをとり、アセトニトリル1.0 mLで希釈した溶液をLCMS分析に付し、LC/MSのピーク面積値から反応変換率を求めた。
変換率(%)={MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)/[Cbz-MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)+MeAsp(tBu)-piperidine(面積%)]}×100
Claims (15)
- ペプチド化合物を製造する方法であって、
工程A:溶媒中で酸成分のC末端活性体をアミン成分と縮合させて得られるペプチド化合物を含む、反応混合液を得る工程、および
工程B:前記反応混合液と三級アミンと水または水溶液とを混合し、該C末端活性体を除去する工程
を含む、前記方法。 - 前記三級アミンが、前記C末端活性体に対して求核反応性を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記三級アミンが、窒素近傍の立体障害が小さいアミンである、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記三級アミンが、NMI、DMAP、またはトリメチルアミンである、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ペプチド化合物が、1つまたは複数の非天然アミノ酸を含む、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記三級アミンを前記C末端活性体と作用させる際の温度が、25℃~60℃である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記アミン成分に対して、前記三級アミンを0.5当量以上加える、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記C末端活性体を、前記三級アミンと作用させて加水分解し、除去する、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 工程Bにおいて、前記反応混合液を有機層と水層に分層し、次いで該有機層を洗浄することをさらに含み、該洗浄後のC末端活性体の残存量が1.0%以下である、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記工程Aにおける溶媒が、トルエン、アセトニトリル、テトラヒドロフラン、2-メチルテトラヒドロフラン、酢酸イソプロピル、酢酸エチル、メチルtert-ブチルエーテル、もしくはシクロペンチルメチルエーテル、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミドまたはその混合溶媒である、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記工程Bにおいて、前記水溶液が炭酸カリウム水溶液または炭酸ナトリウム水溶液である、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 酸成分が、アミノ基が保護基で保護された第1のアミノ酸であり、該第1のアミノ酸の側鎖が、1個以上の炭素原子を含む、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記側鎖が、置換されていてもよいアルキル、置換されていてもよいアルケニル、置換されていてもよいアルキニル、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル、置換されていてもよいアルコキシアルキル、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルアルキル、置換されていてもよいアラルキル、または置換されていてもよいヘテロアリールアルキルである、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記三級アミンを前記C末端活性体と作用させる際の時間が、2時間以下である、請求項1~13のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記C末端活性体が縮合剤の存在下で形成され、該縮合剤がT3P、HATU、BEP、DMT-MM、EDCとPfpOHの組み合わせ、EDCとHOOBtの組み合わせ、またはEDCとHOBtの組み合わせを含む、請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の方法。
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Cited By (2)
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US11787836B2 (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2023-10-17 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for synthesizing peptide containing N-substituted amino acid |
CN114920669A (zh) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-19 | 吉尔多肽生物制药(大连市)有限公司 | 一种n-甲基-n-苄氧羰基-l-天门冬氨酸(4-叔丁酯)二环己胺盐的合成方法 |
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KR20220119421A (ko) | 2022-08-29 |
TW202138382A (zh) | 2021-10-16 |
EP4083051A4 (en) | 2024-01-17 |
CN114867734A (zh) | 2022-08-05 |
EP4083051A1 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
JPWO2021132545A1 (ja) | 2021-07-01 |
US20230056969A1 (en) | 2023-02-23 |
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