WO2021012751A1 - 节流阀 - Google Patents

节流阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021012751A1
WO2021012751A1 PCT/CN2020/089880 CN2020089880W WO2021012751A1 WO 2021012751 A1 WO2021012751 A1 WO 2021012751A1 CN 2020089880 W CN2020089880 W CN 2020089880W WO 2021012751 A1 WO2021012751 A1 WO 2021012751A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
channel
spring
valve seat
positioning
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/089880
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
宋治国
冯忠波
Original Assignee
浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司 filed Critical 浙江盾安人工环境股份有限公司
Priority to JP2021575484A priority Critical patent/JP7496840B2/ja
Priority to KR1020227004474A priority patent/KR20220032090A/ko
Publication of WO2021012751A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021012751A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/52—Means for additional adjustment of the rate of flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/42—Valve seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/20—Excess-flow valves
    • F16K17/22—Excess-flow valves actuated by the difference of pressure between two places in the flow line
    • F16K17/24—Excess-flow valves actuated by the difference of pressure between two places in the flow line acting directly on the cutting-off member
    • F16K17/28—Excess-flow valves actuated by the difference of pressure between two places in the flow line acting directly on the cutting-off member operating in one direction only
    • F16K17/30—Excess-flow valves actuated by the difference of pressure between two places in the flow line acting directly on the cutting-off member operating in one direction only spring-loaded

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of throttle valves, and specifically to a throttle valve.
  • the main purpose of this application is to provide a throttle valve to solve the technical problem of inconvenient adjustment of the flow rate of the throttle valve in the prior art.
  • a throttle valve which includes: a valve tube, the valve tube has a fluid channel; a valve seat is arranged in the fluid channel of the valve tube, the valve seat has a first channel and a throttle channel And the second channel, the first channel communicates with the second channel through the throttling channel; the valve needle is movably arranged in the valve seat, the valve needle includes a body part and a convex part, the body part is arranged in the second channel, the convex
  • the starting part is used to control the flow capacity of the throttling channel; the gradual change spring, the gradual change spring is arranged in the second passage, one end of the gradual change spring is in contact with the valve needle, and the other end of the gradual change spring is in contact with at least part of the valve seat
  • the gradient spring adjusts the liquid flow in the throttling channel according to the liquid flow in the first channel.
  • the gradually changing spring is a tower spring or a variable pitch spring.
  • the side surface of the body includes a positioning side surface and a drain surface, the positioning side surface is connected with the drain surface, the positioning side surface is matched with the inner wall surface of the valve seat, and a fluid gap is formed between the drain surface and the inner wall of the valve seat.
  • valve needle further includes a first mounting part, the first mounting part is arranged at an end of the body part away from the protruding part, and one end of the gradual change spring is mounted on the first mounting part.
  • the throttle valve further includes: a sealing head arranged on the valve seat; the sealing head is located at one end of the gradual change spring away from the valve needle; the other end of the gradual changing spring abuts at least part of the sealing head; the sealing head is provided with a third Channel so that the fluid channel communicates with the second channel through the third channel.
  • the head includes a main body part and a second mounting part, and the other end of the gradual change spring is arranged on the second mounting part.
  • valve seat includes a valve seat body and a first positioning portion extending from the valve seat body, and the first positioning portion fixes the head by riveting or welding.
  • the first positioning portion includes a first positioning protrusion
  • the first positioning protrusion has a fitting section and a bending section
  • the fitting section is connected with the bending section
  • the fitting section is arranged on the valve seat body
  • the fitting section At least a part of is positioned in abutment with the head, and at least part of the bent section is positioned in abutment with the end of the head.
  • a second positioning portion is provided on the valve tube, and the second positioning portion is used to abut at least part of the valve seat for positioning.
  • the second positioning portion is a second positioning protrusion
  • the valve seat is provided with a positioning groove matching the second positioning protrusion
  • the second positioning protrusion is provided in the positioning groove to position the valve seat.
  • a gradual spring is added in the second channel, and one end of the gradual spring abuts against the valve needle, and the other end of the gradual spring abuts against the valve seat.
  • the elastic coefficient of the gradient spring is small; as the displacement of the gradient spring increases, the elastic coefficient of the gradient spring will gradually increase.
  • the position offset of the valve needle is small; at this time, as the flow increases, the position offset of the valve needle changes quickly.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a throttle valve provided according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 shows a partial enlarged schematic diagram of I in Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a throttle valve provided according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 4 shows a front view of a variable-pitch spring according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 shows a top view of the gradual change spring provided according to an embodiment of the present application as a variable pitch spring
  • Figure 6 shows a front view of a tower spring according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 7 shows a top view of a tower spring according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between the lift amount of the valve needle and the flow area of the throttling part according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between the lift of the valve needle and the pressure difference before and after the throttle valve according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a throttle valve which includes: a valve tube 10, a valve seat 20, a valve needle 30 and a gradual spring 40.
  • the valve tube 10 has a fluid passage.
  • the valve seat 20 is arranged in the fluid passage of the valve tube 10.
  • the valve seat 20 has a first passage, a throttling passage, and a second passage.
  • the first passage communicates with the second passage through the throttling passage.
  • the valve needle 30 is movably arranged in the valve seat 20.
  • the valve needle 30 includes a body portion 31 and a raised portion 32.
  • the body portion 31 is arranged in the second passage.
  • the raised portion 32 is used to control the flow capacity of the throttling passage.
  • the gradual change spring 40 is arranged in the second channel, one end of the gradual change spring 40 abuts at least part of the valve needle 30, and the other end of the gradual change spring 40 abuts the valve seat 20, so that the gradual change spring 40 according to the liquid in the first channel
  • the flow rate adjusts the liquid flow rate in the throttle channel.
  • the throttle valve in this embodiment is mainly used in compressors. Specifically, in this embodiment, one end of the gradual spring 40 abuts against the end of the valve needle 30.
  • the elastic coefficient of the gradual spring 40 increases as the displacement of the gradual spring 40 increases. Specifically, when the displacement of the gradual spring 40 is small, the elastic coefficient of the gradual spring 40 is small; when the displacement of the gradual spring 40 is large, the elastic coefficient of the gradual spring 40 is large. In this way, by adjusting the own parameters of the gradual spring 40, it is easy to control the flow rate of the throttle according to the flow rate in the first channel.
  • the position offset of the valve needle 30 is small; at this time, as the flow increases, the position offset of the valve needle 30 changes Faster, so as to quickly increase the flow area, avoid excessively high suction air temperature of the compressor, and thereby increase the service life of the compressor.
  • the offset of the valve needle 30 is large; at this time, as the flow increases, the position offset of the valve needle 30 changes more steadily, and even basically unchanged. In this way, the increase in the flow area can be restricted when the flow rate is large to limit the high-pressure flow rate, thereby ensuring the overall performance and capacity of the compressor.
  • the gradual change spring 40 can be a tower spring or a variable pitch spring.
  • the tower spring in this embodiment refers to a variable pitch spring
  • the variable pitch spring refers to a variable pitch spring.
  • the elastic coefficient of the tower spring or the variable-pitch spring is small, so as to increase rapidly when the flow is small Circulation area.
  • the displacement of the tower spring or the variable-pitch spring is large, the elastic coefficient of the tower spring or the variable-pitch spring is larger. At this time, the change of flow has little effect on the displacement of the tower spring or the variable-pitch spring , There will even be a situation where the flow rate increases while the displacement is almost unchanged, which can limit the high-pressure flow.
  • a tower spring or a variable-pitch spring can change the relationship between the lift (displacement) of the valve needle 30 and the throttling area of the throttling part, and reduce the flow of the product under the low pressure difference is too small, the compressor suction temperature is too high, The problem of continuous increase in the temperature of the whole system; at the same time, it can also improve the problem of excessive product flow under high pressure difference and low system energy efficiency.
  • the tower spring or variable-pitch spring can also change the relationship between the lift amount (displacement change) of the valve needle 30 and the pressure difference between the front and rear of the valve, reducing the product flow under the bottom pressure difference is too small, the compressor suction temperature is too high, The problem of continuous increase in the temperature of the whole system; at the same time, it can also improve the problem of excessive product flow under high pressure difference and low system energy efficiency.
  • the side surface of the body portion 31 includes a positioning side surface and a drain surface 311, the positioning side surface is connected with the drain surface 311, and the positioning side surface is adapted to the inner wall surface of the valve seat 20 so as to guide the valve needle 30 through the positioning side surface.
  • the cross-sectional area of the body portion 31 in this embodiment is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second channel.
  • a fluid gap is formed between the drain surface 311 and the inner wall of the valve seat 20, so that the liquid in the throttle channel flows out through the fluid gap.
  • the leakage surface 311 in this embodiment may be an inner concave surface or a flat surface.
  • the valve needle 30 in this embodiment further includes a first mounting portion 33.
  • the first mounting portion 33 is provided on the end of the body portion 31 away from the protrusion 32, and one end of the gradual spring 40 is mounted on the first mounting portion 33.
  • one end of the tapered spring 40 can be brought into contact with the end of the main body portion 31 so as to facilitate positioning of the tapered spring 40.
  • the first mounting portion 33 in this embodiment may be a first mounting protrusion or a first mounting groove.
  • first mounting portion 33 When the first mounting portion 33 is a first mounting protrusion, one end of the gradual change spring 40 is sleeved on the On a mounting protrusion; when the first mounting portion 33 is a first mounting groove, one end of the gradient spring 40 is set in the first mounting groove, so that one end of the gradient spring 40 can be installed and positioned through the first mounting groove .
  • the throttle valve further includes a head 50, the head 50 is arranged on the valve seat 20, the head 50 is located at the end of the gradual spring 40 away from the valve needle 30, the other end of the gradual spring 40 and the head 50 At least partly abutted to facilitate positioning of the gradual spring 40.
  • a third channel 53 is provided on the head 50 so that the fluid channel communicates with the second channel through the third channel 53.
  • the third channel 53 can be arranged in the middle of the head 50 to better communicate the second channel with the fluid channel.
  • the head 50 in this embodiment includes a main body 51 and a second mounting portion 52, and the other end of the gradual change spring 40 is disposed on the second mounting portion 52.
  • the second mounting portion 52 may be a second mounting protrusion or a second mounting groove.
  • the second mounting portion 52 is a second mounting protrusion
  • the other end of the gradual spring 40 is sleeved on the second mounting protrusion.
  • the second mounting portion 52 is a second mounting groove
  • the other end of the gradual spring 40 is arranged in the second mounting groove, so as to install and position the other end of the gradual spring 40 through the second mounting groove.
  • the other end of the gradual spring 40 can be abutted with the main body 51, so as to better position the gradual spring 40, so that the gradual spring 40 can be stably located between the head 50 and the valve needle 30 Deformation occurs.
  • the valve seat 20 includes a valve seat body 21 and a first positioning portion 22 extending from the valve seat body 21.
  • the first positioning portion 22 is provided at the upper end of the valve seat body 21 to position the head 50.
  • the first positioning portion 22 fixes the head 50 by riveting, welding or screw connection.
  • the first positioning portion 22 in this embodiment is provided at the end of the valve seat body 21.
  • the first positioning portion 22 includes a first positioning protrusion.
  • the first positioning protrusion has a fitting section 221 and a bending section 222.
  • the fitting section 221 is connected to the bending section 222, and the fitting section 221 is disposed on the valve seat body 21 .
  • At least part of the fitting section 221 is positioned for fitting with the head 50, the fitting section 221 and the end of the valve seat body 21 form a positioning step, the head 50 is clamped on the positioning step, and at least part of the bending section 222 It is positioned in contact with the end of the head 50.
  • the head 50 can be positioned stably through the bonding section 221 and the bending section 222, which prevents the position of the head 50 from shifting during use, and improves the overall stability of the structure.
  • a second positioning portion is provided on the valve tube 10 in this embodiment.
  • the second positioning portion is used to abut at least part of the valve seat 20 for positioning, so that the valve seat 20 is stably disposed on the valve tube 10.
  • the second positioning portion in this embodiment is the second positioning protrusion 11, and the valve seat 20 is provided with a positioning groove 23 that cooperates with the second positioning protrusion 11.
  • the second positioning protrusion 11 is arranged in the positioning groove 23 to position the valve seat 20 so that the valve seat 20 can be stably arranged on the valve tube 10.
  • the second positioning portion may also be an internal thread structure, and an external thread structure matched with the internal thread is provided on the valve seat 20, and the internal and external threads cooperate with each other for fixed installation to achieve the same effect.
  • L represents the lift amount (displacement change amount) of the valve needle 30, and S represents the flow area of the throttle passage.
  • S represents the flow area of the throttle passage.
  • L represents the lift amount (displacement change amount) of the valve needle 30
  • P represents the pressure difference before and after the throttle valve.
  • the gradual change spring 40 can facilitate the control of the flow rate of the throttling part; it avoids excessively high suction temperature and improves the use of the compressor Life; limited high-pressure flow, ensuring the energy efficiency and capacity of the whole machine; simple and reliable structure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种节流阀，包括：阀管（10），阀管（10）具有流体通道；阀座（20），设置在阀管（10）的流体通道内，阀座（20）具有第一通道、节流通道和第二通道，第一通道通过节流通道与第二通道连通；阀针（30），可活动地设置在阀座（20）内，阀针（30）包括本体部（31）和凸起部（32），本体部（31）设置在第二通道内，凸起部（32）用于控制节流通道导通或断开；渐变弹簧（40），渐变弹簧（40）设置在第二通道内，渐变弹簧（40）的一端与阀针（30）抵接，渐变弹簧（40）的另一端与阀座（20）的至少部分抵接，以使渐变弹簧（40）根据第一通道内的液体流量调节节流通道内的液体流量。能够解决现有技术中不便于调节节流阀的流量的技术问题。

Description

节流阀
本申请要求于2019年07月22日提交至中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201921152976.5、发明名称为“节流阀”的专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及节流阀技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种节流阀。
背景技术
目前，当节流阀内部的流量较大时，节流阀的阀针的位移量较大，因而使得流经节流部的液体流量较大，这样会使得压缩机系统能效较低。当节流阀内部的流量较小时，节流阀的阀针的位移量较小，因而使得流经节流部的液体的流量较小，这样会使得压缩机的吸气温度过高，进而使得整机系统温度持续升高。现有技术的节流阀不能根据实际情况合理调节节流部的流通量，因而不能有效保证压缩机整体的能效和能力。
实用新型内容
本申请的主要目的在于提供一种节流阀，以解决现有技术中不便于调节节流阀的流量的技术问题。
为了实现上述目的，本申请提供了一种节流阀，其中，包括：阀管，阀管具有流体通道；阀座，设置在阀管的流体通道内，阀座具有第一通道、节流通道和第二通道，第一通道通过节流通道与第二通道连通；阀针，可活动地设置在阀座内，阀针包括本体部和凸起部，本体部设置在第二通道内，凸起部用于控制节流通道的流通能力；渐变弹簧，渐变弹簧设置在第二通道内，渐变弹簧的一端与阀针抵接，渐变弹簧的另一端与阀座的至少部分抵接，以使渐变弹簧根据第一通道内的液体流量调节节流通道内的液体流量。
进一步地，渐变弹簧为塔形弹簧或变节距弹簧。
进一步地，本体部的侧面包括定位侧面和泄流面，定位侧面与泄流面连接，定位侧面与阀座的内壁面相适配，泄流面与阀座的内壁之间形成流体间隙。
进一步地，阀针还包括第一安装部，第一安装部设置在本体部远离凸起部的一端，渐变弹簧的一端安装在第一安装部上。
进一步地，节流阀还包括：封头，设置在阀座上，封头位于渐变弹簧远离阀针的一端，渐变弹簧的另一端与封头的至少部分抵接；封头上设置有第三通道，以使流体通道通过第三通道与第二通道连通。
进一步地，封头包括主体部和第二安装部，渐变弹簧的另一端设置在第二安装部上。
进一步地，阀座包括阀座本体和自阀座本体上延伸出的第一定位部，第一定位部通过铆接或焊接对封头进行固定。
进一步地，第一定位部包括第一定位凸起，第一定位凸起具有贴合段和折弯段，贴合段与折弯段连接，贴合段设置在阀座本体上，贴合段的至少部分与封头进行贴合定位，折弯段的至少部分与封头的端部进行抵接定位。
进一步地，阀管上设置第二定位部，第二定位部用于与阀座的至少部分抵接以进行定位。
进一步地，第二定位部为第二定位凸起，阀座上设置有与第二定位凸起配合的定位凹槽，第二定位凸起设置在定位凹槽内以对阀座进行定位。
应用本申请的技术方案，通过在第二通道内增设渐变弹簧，且使渐变弹簧的一端与阀针抵接，渐变弹簧的另一端与阀座抵接。当渐变弹簧的位移量较小时，渐变弹簧的弹性系数较小；随着渐变弹簧位移量的增加，渐变弹簧的弹性系数将逐渐增大。这样，通过控制渐变弹簧的自身参数，能够便于根据第一通道内的流量大小控制节流部的流通量。具体的，在渐变弹簧的作用下，当第一通道内的流量较小时，阀针的位置偏移量较小；此时，随着流量的增加，阀针的位置偏移量变化较快，以便于迅速增加流通面积。当第一通道内的流量较大时，阀针的偏移量较大；此时，随着流量的增加，阀针的位置偏移变化较为平稳，甚至会出现基本不变的情况，这样，能够在大流量时限制流通面积的增加，以限制高压流量。因此，采用本申请提供的技术方案，能够解决现有技术中不便于调节节流阀的流量的技术问题。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本申请的实施例提供的节流阀的结构示意图；
图2示出了图1中I处的局部放大示意图；
图3示出了根据本申请的实施例提供的节流阀的剖视图；
图4示出了根据本申请的实施例提供的渐变弹簧为变节距弹簧的主视图；
图5示出了根据本申请的实施例提供的渐变弹簧为变节距弹簧的俯视图；
图6示出了根据本申请的实施例提供的渐变弹簧为塔形弹簧的主视图；
图7示出了根据本申请的实施例提供的渐变弹簧为塔形弹簧的俯视图；
图8示出了根据本申请的实施例提供的阀针的提升量与节流部流通面积之间的关系示意图；
图9示出了根据本申请的实施例提供的阀针的提升量与节流阀前后压差之间的关系示意图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
10、阀管；11、第二定位凸起；20、阀座；21、阀座本体；22、第一定位部；221、贴合段；222、折弯段；23、定位凹槽；30、阀针；31、本体部；311、泄流面；32、凸起部；33、第一安装部；40、渐变弹簧；50、封头；51、主体部；52、第二安装部；53、第三通道。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
如图1至图9所示，本申请实施例提供了一种节流阀，该节流阀包括：阀管10、阀座20、阀针30和渐变弹簧40。其中，阀管10具有流体通道。阀座20设置在阀管10的流体通道内，阀座20具有第一通道、节流通道和第二通道，第一通道通过节流通道与第二通道连通。阀针30可活动地设置在阀座20内，阀针30包括本体部31和凸起部32，本体部31设置在第二通道内，凸起部32用于控制节流通道的流通能力，具体包括控制节流通道的导通或断开。渐变弹簧40设置在第二通道内，渐变弹簧40的一端与阀针30的至少部分抵接，渐变弹簧40的另一端与阀座20抵接，以使渐变弹簧40根据第一通道内的液体流量调节节流通道内的液体流量。本实施例中的节流阀主要用于压缩机中。具体的，本实施例中的渐变弹簧40的一端与阀针30的端部抵接。
采用本实施例提供的节流阀，由于在第二通道内增设渐变弹簧40，渐变弹簧40的弹性系数随着渐变弹簧40位移量的增加而增加。具体的，当渐变弹簧40的位移量较小时，渐变弹簧40的弹性系数较小；当渐变弹簧40的位移量较大时，渐变弹簧40的弹性系数较大。这样，通过调节渐变弹簧40的自身参数，能够便于根据第一通道内的流量大小控制节流部的流通量。具体的，在渐变弹簧40的作用下，当第一通道内的流量较小时，阀针30的位置偏移量较小；此时，随着流量的增加，阀针30的位置偏移量变化较快，以便于迅速增加流通面积，避免压缩机的吸气温度过高，进而能够提高压缩机的使用寿命。当第一通道内的流量较大时，阀针30的偏移量较大；此时，随着流量的增加，阀针30的位置偏移变化较为平稳，甚至会出现基本不变的情况，这样，能够在大流量时限制流通面积的增加，以限制高压流量，进而保证了压缩机整体的效能和能力。
如图4至图7所述，在本实施例中，渐变弹簧40可以为塔形弹簧或变节距弹簧。具体的，本实施例中的塔形弹簧指变中径弹簧，变节距弹簧指变螺距弹簧。具体的，在塔形弹簧或变节距弹簧的作用下，当塔形弹簧或变节距弹簧的位移量较小时，塔形弹簧或变节距弹簧的弹性系数较小，以便于在小流量时迅速增加流通面积。当塔形弹簧或变节距弹簧的位移量较大时，塔形弹簧或变节距弹簧的弹性系数较大，此时，流量的变化对塔形弹簧或变节距弹簧的 位移量的变化影响很小，甚至会出现流量增加而位移量几乎不变的情况，从而能够限制高压流量。
具体的，塔形弹簧或变节距弹簧可以改变阀针30的提升量(位移量)与节流部节流面积的关系，降低产品在低压差下流量过小，压缩机吸气温度过高、整机系统温度持续升高的问题；同时还能够改善高压差下产品流量过大，系统能效低的问题。
同时，塔形弹簧或变节距弹簧还可以改变阀针30的提升量(位移变化量)与阀前后压差的关系，降低产品在底压差下流量过小，压缩机吸气温度过高、整机系统温度持续升高的问题；同时还能够改善高压差下产品流量过大，系统能效低的问题。
在本实施例中，本体部31的侧面包括定位侧面和泄流面311，定位侧面与泄流面311连接，定位侧面与阀座20的内壁面相适配，以便于通过定位侧面引导阀针30在第二通道内移动。本实施例中的本体部31的横截面积小于第二通道的横截面积，具体的，泄流面311与阀座20的内壁之间形成流体间隙，以使节流通道内的液体经流体间隙流出。具体的，本实施例中的泄流面311可以为内凹面或平面。
具体的，本实施例中的阀针30还包括第一安装部33，第一安装部33设置在本体部31远离凸起部32的一端，渐变弹簧40的一端安装在第一安装部33上。采用这样的设置，能够使渐变弹簧40的一端与本体部31的端部抵接，以便于对渐变弹簧40进行定位。具体的，本实施例中的第一安装部33可以为第一安装凸起或第一安装凹槽，当第一安装部33为第一安装凸起时，渐变弹簧40的一端套设在第一安装凸起上；当第一安装部33为第一安装凹槽时，渐变弹簧40的一端设置在第一安装凹槽内，以通过第一安装凹槽对渐变弹簧40的一端进行安装定位。
在本实施例中，节流阀还包括封头50，封头50设置在阀座20上，封头50位于渐变弹簧40远离阀针30的一端，渐变弹簧40的另一端与封头50的至少部分抵接，以便于对渐变弹簧40进行定位。封头50上设置有第三通道53，以使流体通道通过第三通道53与第二通道连通。在本实施例中，可以将第三通道53设置在封头50的中部，以便于更好地使第二通道与流体通道连通。
具体的，本实施例中的封头50包括主体部51和第二安装部52，渐变弹簧40的另一端设置在第二安装部52上。具体的，第二安装部52可以为第二安装凸起或第二安装凹槽，当第二安装部52为第二安装凸起时，渐变弹簧40的另一端套设在第二安装凸起上；当第二安装部52为第二安装凹槽时，渐变弹簧40的另一端设置在第二安装凹槽内，以通过第二安装凹槽对渐变弹簧40的另一端进行安装定位。采用这样的设置，能够使渐变弹簧40的另一端与主体部51抵接，以便于更好地对渐变弹簧40进行定位，以使渐变弹簧40能够稳定地在封头50和阀针30之间发生形变。
阀座20包括阀座本体21和自阀座本体21上延伸出的第一定位部22，第一定位部22设置在阀座本体21的上端，以对封头50进行定位。第一定位部22通过铆接或焊接或螺纹连接对封头50进行固定。具体的，本实施例中的第一定位部22设置在阀座本体21的端部。
第一定位部22包括第一定位凸起，第一定位凸起具有贴合段221和折弯段222，贴合段221与折弯段222连接，贴合段221设置在阀座本体21上。贴合段221的至少部分与封头50进行贴合定位，贴合段221与阀座本体21的端部形成定位台阶，封头50卡设在该定位台阶上，折弯段222的至少部分与封头50的端部进行抵接定位。采用这样的设置，通过贴合段221和折弯段222能够对封头50进行稳定的定位，避免在使用过程中封头50的位置发生偏移，提高了结构整体的稳定性。
为了避免阀座20在使用过程中发生位置偏移，本实施例中在阀管10上设置第二定位部。第二定位部用于与阀座20的至少部分抵接以进行定位，以使阀座20稳定地设置在阀管10上。
具体的，本实施例中的第二定位部为第二定位凸起11，阀座20上设置有与第二定位凸起11配合的定位凹槽23。第二定位凸起11设置在定位凹槽23内以对阀座20进行定位，从而使得阀座20能够稳定地设置在阀管10上。在其他实施例中，第二定位部也可以为内螺纹结构，在阀座20上设置有与内螺纹配合的外螺纹结构，通过内外螺纹的相互配合以进行固定安装，以达到同样的效果。
在图8中，L表示阀针30的提升量(位移变化量)，S表示节流通道的流通面积。如图8所示，在阀针30的提升量较小时，会迅速增加流通面积，避免吸气温度过高影响压缩机的使用寿命。在阀针30的提升量较大时，流通面积变化较为缓慢，以限制流通面积的增加，进而限制高压流量，保证了整机的能效和能力。
在图9中，L表示阀针30的提升量(位移变化量)，P表示节流阀前后的压差。如图9所示，在阀针30的提升量较小时，阀前后压差变化较快，以便于增加流通面积，避免流量过小的情况；在阀针30的提升量较大时，阀前后压差变化缓慢。
从以上的描述中，可以看出，本申请上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果：通过渐变弹簧40能够便于控制节流部的流量大小；避免了吸气温度过高，提高了压缩机的使用寿命；限制了高压流量，保证了整机能效和能力；结构简单可靠。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种节流阀，其中，包括：
    阀管(10)，所述阀管(10)具有流体通道；
    阀座(20)，设置在所述阀管(10)的流体通道内，所述阀座(20)具有第一通道、节流通道和第二通道，所述第一通道通过所述节流通道与所述第二通道连通；
    阀针(30)，可活动地设置在所述阀座(20)内，所述阀针(30)包括本体部(31)和凸起部(32)，所述本体部(31)设置在所述第二通道内，所述凸起部(32)用于控制所述节流通道的流通能力；
    渐变弹簧(40)，所述渐变弹簧(40)设置在所述第二通道内，所述渐变弹簧(40)的一端与所述阀针(30)抵接，所述渐变弹簧(40)的另一端与所述阀座(20)的至少部分抵接，以使所述渐变弹簧(40)根据所述第一通道内的液体流量调节所述节流通道内的液体流量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的节流阀，其中，所述渐变弹簧(40)为塔形弹簧或变节距弹簧。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的节流阀，其中，所述本体部(31)的侧面包括定位侧面和泄流面(311)，所述定位侧面与所述阀座(20)的内壁面相适配，所述泄流面(311)与所述阀座(20)的内壁之间形成流体间隙。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的节流阀，其中，所述阀针(30)还包括第一安装部(33)，所述第一安装部(33)设置在所述本体部(31)远离所述凸起部(32)的一端，所述渐变弹簧(40)的一端安装在所述第一安装部(33)上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的节流阀，其中，所述节流阀还包括：
    封头(50)，设置在所述阀座(20)上，所述封头(50)位于所述渐变弹簧(40)远离所述阀针(30)的一端，所述渐变弹簧(40)的另一端与所述封头(50)的至少部分抵接；所述封头(50)上设置有第三通道(53)，以使所述流体通道通过所述第三通道(53)与所述第二通道连通。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的节流阀，其中，所述封头(50)包括主体部(51)和第二安装部(52)，所述渐变弹簧(40)的另一端设置在所述第二安装部(52)上。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的节流阀，其中，所述阀座(20)包括阀座本体(21)和自阀座本体(21)上延伸出的第一定位部(22)，所述第一定位部(22)通过铆接或焊接对所述封头(50)进行固定。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的节流阀，其中，所述第一定位部(22)包括第一定位凸起，所述第一定位凸起具有贴合段(221)和折弯段(222)，所述贴合段(221)与所述折弯段(222)连接，所述贴合段(221)设置在所述阀座本体(21)上，所述贴合段(221)的至少部 分与所述封头(50)进行贴合定位，所述折弯段(222)的至少部分与所述封头(50)的端部进行抵接定位。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的节流阀，其中，所述阀管(10)上设置第二定位部，所述第二定位部用于与所述阀座(20)的至少部分抵接以进行定位。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的节流阀，其中，所述第二定位部为第二定位凸起(11)，所述阀座(20)上设置有与所述第二定位凸起(11)配合的定位凹槽(23)，所述第二定位凸起(11)设置在所述定位凹槽(23)内以对所述阀座(20)进行定位。
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