Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
  • C08K5/37—Thiols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
  • C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
  • C08G73/1042—Copolyimides derived from at least two different tetracarboxylic compounds or two different diamino compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
  • C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
  • C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
  • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
  • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
  • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
  • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
  • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
  • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent used for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element, a liquid crystal alignment film obtained from the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent, and a liquid crystal display element using the liquid crystal alignment film.
• a film made of an organic material such as a polymer material is widely used as an interlayer insulating film or a protective film in an electronic device because of its focus on ease of formation and insulating performance.
• an organic film made of polyimide is used as a liquid crystal alignment film.
• the liquid crystal alignment film is used for the purpose of controlling the alignment state of liquid crystals.
• the liquid crystal display device has higher definition, it is required to reduce the contrast of the liquid crystal display device and suppress display defects due to long-term use.
• liquid crystal display devices have been used for mobile applications such as smartphones and mobile phones.
• mobile applications such as smartphones and mobile phones.
• the drawing position of the sealant is at a position in contact with the end of the liquid crystal alignment film, which has weak adhesion to the sealant, or at the upper part of the liquid crystal alignment film. Therefore, in recent years, the adhesion between the substrates of the liquid crystal display element has become weaker than in the past.
• the present invention has high adhesiveness (also referred to as adhesion) between substrates, and further suppresses bubble generation and element peeling in a liquid crystal display element even in an environment exposed to high temperature and high humidity for a long time
• An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent capable of obtaining a liquid crystal alignment film that can be obtained.
• the present inventor has completed the present invention having the following points. That is, it is a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent containing the following components (A) and (B).
• Component (A) A compound having three or more thiol groups in the molecule (also referred to as a specific compound).
• Component (B) a polyimide precursor obtained by reacting a diamine component containing a diamine having a structure of the following formula [1] (also referred to as a specific structure) with a tetracarboxylic acid component, and imidization of the polyimide precursor. At least one polymer selected from the group consisting of the above polyimides (also referred to as a specific polymer).
• X 1 and X 3 are each independently a single bond, —O—, —NH—, —N(CH 3 )—, —CH 2 O—, —CONH—, —NHCO—, —CON(CH 3 )-, —N(CH 3 )CO—, —COO— or —OCO—,
• X 2 is an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or at least one selected from a benzene ring, a cyclocyclohexane ring and a heterocycle.
• X 4 has a structure selected from the following formulas [1-a] to [1-g]. Show.) (X a represents a hydrogen atom or a benzene ring.
• X b represents a single bond, a benzene ring, a cyclohexane ring or a heterocycle.
• X c represents an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a C 1 to 18 carbon atom.
• a fluorine-containing alkyl group, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a fluorine-containing alkoxyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms is shown.
• the adhesiveness between the substrates of a liquid crystal display element is high, and furthermore, even in an environment exposed to high temperature and high humidity for a long time, it is possible to suppress the generation of bubbles in the liquid crystal display element and the peeling of the element.
• a liquid crystal display device is obtained. Therefore, the element of the present invention is used for liquid crystal display elements such as smartphones and mobile phones.
• the mechanism by which the liquid crystal display device having the above-mentioned excellent characteristics is obtained by the present invention is not necessarily clear, but it is presumed as follows.
• the specific compound Since the specific compound has a thiol group, the liquid crystal alignment film obtained from the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent containing the specific compound has high adhesion to the metal electrode. Moreover, this thiol group can react with X 4 in the specific structure of the specific polymer by ultraviolet rays or heat. Therefore, the specific compound having high adhesion to the metal electrode can be chemically bonded to the specific polymer serving as the base of the liquid crystal alignment film. Thereby, stronger adhesion is obtained.
• the sealing agent in the sealing agent is cured by curing treatment of the sealing agent at the time of manufacturing the liquid crystal display element, specifically, irradiation of ultraviolet rays.
• the adhesiveness between the liquid crystal alignment film and the sealant becomes strong. Due to these, after the liquid crystal alignment film is formed, the adhesion between the liquid crystal alignment film and the metal electrode and the liquid crystal alignment film and the sealant becomes high, and the liquid crystal display can be displayed even in an environment exposed to high temperature and high humidity for a long time. It is considered that the liquid crystal display device can suppress the generation of bubbles in the device and the peeling of the device.
• the specific compound is a compound having three or more thiol groups in the molecule. Specifically, 1,2,3-propanetrithiol, 1,2,4-butanetrithiol, pentaerythritol tris(3-mercaptopropionate), 1,3,5-benzenetrithiol, 2,4 ,6-Mesitylenetrithiol, neopentanetetrathiol, 2,4,6-toluenthithiol, trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate), tris-[(3-mercaptopropionyloxy)-ethyl]-isocyanate Nulate, pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate), tetraethylene glycol bis (3-mercaptopropionate), dipentaerythritol hexakis (3-mercaptopropionate), trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercapto
• the proportion of the specific compound used is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the specific polymer from the viewpoint of adhesion between the liquid crystal alignment film of the liquid crystal display element and the metal electrode. More preferably, it is 0.5 to 20 parts by mass. Most preferred is 1 to 15 parts by weight.
• the specific compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more depending on each characteristic.
• X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , and X 4 are as defined above. Of these, the following are preferred.
• X 1 is preferably a single bond, —O—, —CH 2 O—, —CONH—, —CON(CH 3 )— or —COO—, more preferably a single bond from the viewpoint of ease of synthesis.
• X 2 is preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms or an organic group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms and having at least one cyclic group selected from a benzene ring and a cyclocyclohexane ring. More preferred are alkylene groups having 2 to 12 carbon atoms from the viewpoints of ease of synthesis and adhesion between the liquid crystal alignment film of the liquid crystal display element and the sealant.
• X 3 is preferably a single bond, —O—, —NHCO—, —N(CH 3 )CO— or —OCO—. More preferred is a single bond, —O—, —NHCO— or —OCO— from the viewpoint of ease of synthesis.
• X 4 is preferably the above formula [1-a], formula [1-b], formula [1-d] or formula [1-e].
• the formula [1-a], the formula [1-b], or the formula [1-e] is more preferable from the viewpoint of ease of synthesis and adhesion between the liquid crystal alignment film of the liquid crystal display element and the sealant.
• the combinations of X 1 to X 4 are, among others, (1-2a) to (1-4a), (1-6a) to (1-8a), (1-10a) to (1-12a), (1 -14a) to (1-16a), (1-18a) to (1-20a), (1-22a) to (1-24a), (1-26a) to (1-28a), (1-30a) )-(1-32a), (1-34a)-(1-36a), (1-38a)-(1-40a), (1-42a)-(1-44a) or (1-46a)- A combination of (1-48a) is preferable.
• the specific polymer is a polyimide precursor obtained by reacting a diamine component containing a specific diamine and a tetracarboxylic acid component, or a polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor.
• the polyimide precursor has a structure represented by the following formula [A].
• R 1 represents a tetravalent organic group.
• R 2 represents a divalent organic group.
• a 1 and A 2 each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
• a 3 and A 4 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an acetyl group.
• n represents a positive integer.
• the diamine component is a diamine having two primary or secondary amino groups in the molecule
• the tetracarboxylic acid component is a tetracarboxylic acid compound, tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, tetracarboxylic acid dihalide compound, tetra Examples thereof include carboxylic acid dialkyl ester compounds and tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester dihalide compounds.
• a polyimide-based polymer can be obtained relatively easily by using a tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride of the following formula [B] and a diamine of the following formula [C] as a raw material, so that the following formula [D]
• a polyamic acid having a structural formula of a repeating unit or a polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyamic acid is preferable.
• R 1 and R 2 are the same as defined in the formula [A].
• the polymer of the formula [D] obtained by the above formula [A] alkyl group of A 1 and A 2 having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in, and in the formula [A] It is also possible to introduce an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an acetyl group of A 3 and A 4 .
• a method of introducing the specific structure into the polyimide polymer it is preferable to use a diamine having the specific structure as a part of the raw material.
• a diamine of the following formula [1a] also referred to as a specific diamine).
• Y represents the above formula [1], and the definition and preferable combinations of X 1 to X 4 are as in the above formula [1].
• n represents an integer of 1 to 4. Among them, an integer of 1 is preferable.
• Preferred specific examples of the specific diamine include diamines represented by the following formulas [1a-1] to [1a-9].
• n in the formula is preferably each independently an integer of 2 to 10.
• the use ratio of the specific diamine is preferably 1 to 50 mol% with respect to the entire diamine component. More preferred is 1 to 40 mol %. Particularly preferred is 5 to 40 mol %.
• the specific diamine may be used alone or in combination of two or more depending on each characteristic.
• the diamine component for producing the specific polymer may include a diamine other than the specific diamine (also referred to as other diamine).
• a diamine other than the specific diamine also referred to as other diamine.
• Other examples include diamine compounds and the diamine compounds of the formulas [DA1] to [DA15] described on pages 42 to 44 of the publication.
• These diamine components may be used either individually or in combination of two or more, depending on the characteristics.
• the tetracarboxylic acid component for producing the specific polymer is not particularly limited, but specifically, the tetracarboxylic acid dicarboxylic acid of the formula [4] described in International Publication WO2016/076412, pages 44 to 45, can be used. Examples include anhydrides and other tetracarboxylic acid components described on pages 45-46. These tetracarboxylic acid components may be used either individually or in combination of two or more, depending on the characteristics.
• the method for synthesizing the specific polymer is not particularly limited. Usually, it is obtained by reacting a diamine component and a tetracarboxylic acid component. Specific examples thereof include the methods described on pages 46 to 50 of International Publication WO2016/076412.
• the reaction between the diamine component and the tetracarboxylic acid component is usually performed in a solvent containing the diamine component and the tetracarboxylic acid component.
• the solvent used at that time is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the generated polyimide precursor.
• N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or 1,3-dimethyl-imidazolidinium Non is included.
• the polyimide precursor has high solvent solubility, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone or a solvent represented by the following formula [D1] to [D3] is used. it can.
• D 1 and D 2 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
• D 3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• the total number of moles of the tetracarboxylic acid component is preferably 0.8 to 1.2 when the total number of moles of the diamine component is 1.0.
• Polyimide is obtained by ring-closing a polyimide precursor.
• the polyimide does not necessarily have a ring closure rate (also referred to as an imidization rate) of an amic acid group of 100%, and can be arbitrarily prepared according to the application or purpose. Among them, 30 to 80% is preferable from the viewpoint of the solubility of the polyimide polymer in the solvent. More preferably, it is 40 to 70%.
• the molecular weight of the specific polymer is 5, as a weight average molecular weight measured by GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) method, in consideration of the strength of the liquid crystal alignment film obtained therefrom, workability at the time of forming the liquid crystal alignment film, and coating property. It is preferably from 000 to 1,000,000, and more preferably from 10,000 to 150,000.
• the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent is a solution for forming a liquid crystal alignment film, and is a solution containing a specific compound, a specific polymer and a solvent. In that case, two or more types can be used for a specific compound and a specific polymer, respectively.
• the content of the solvent in the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent can be appropriately selected from the viewpoint of applying the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent and obtaining a target film thickness. Among them, the content of the solvent in the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent is preferably 50 to 99.9 mass% from the viewpoint of forming a uniform liquid crystal alignment film by coating. Among them, 60 to 99 mass% is preferable. More preferably, it is 65 to 99% by mass.
• the solvent used for the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent that dissolves the specific compound and the specific polymer. Above all, it is preferable to use the following solvents (also referred to as solvent A).
• solvents also referred to as solvent A.
• N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone or ⁇ -butyrolactone is preferable. Moreover, these may be used individually or may be mixed and used.
• the following solvent (also referred to as solvent B) can be used.
• the solvent Bs include the solvent Bs described on pages 58 to 60 of International Publication WO2014/171493. Among them, 1-hexanol, cyclohexanol, 1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone or the above formula [D1] To Formula [D3] are preferred.
• N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone or ⁇ -butyrolactone of the above-mentioned solvent A is used in combination for the purpose of improving the coating property of the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent. It is preferable to use. Since these solvents B can enhance the coating property and surface smoothness of the liquid crystal alignment film when applying the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent, when a polyimide precursor, polyimide, polyamide or polyester is used as the polymer, It is preferable to use it in combination with the above solvents A. At that time, the amount of the solvent B is preferably 1 to 99% by mass of the whole solvent contained in the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent. Among them, 10 to 99 mass% is preferable, and 20 to 95 mass% is more preferable.
• the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent includes a compound having an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an oxetane group, a cyclocarbonate group, a hydroxy group, a hydroxyalkyl group or a lower alkoxyalkyl group (collectively, a crosslinker in order to enhance the film strength of the liquid crystal alignment film It is also preferable to introduce a compound). In that case, it is necessary to have two or more groups in the compound.
• the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent is a group selected from an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an oxetane group, a cyclocarbonate group, a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or a polymerizable unsaturated bond group. It is preferable to include at least one crosslinkable compound composed of a compound having two or more. Specific examples of the crosslinkable compound having an epoxy group or an isocyanate group include the crosslinkable compounds having an epoxy group or an isocyanate group described on pages 63 to 64 of WO 2014/171493.
• crosslinkable compound having an oxetane group examples include crosslinkable compounds of the formulas [4a] to [4k] described on pages 58 to 59 of International Publication WO2011/132751.
• Specific examples of the crosslinkable compound having a cyclocarbonate group include crosslinkable compounds of the formulas [5-1] to [5-42] described on pages 76 to 82 of WO 2012/014898.
• crosslinkable compound having a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group and a lower alkoxyalkyl group include melamine derivatives or benzoguanamine derivatives described on pages 65 to 66 of WO2014/171349, and WO2011/132751. And the crosslinkable compounds of the formulas [6-1] to [6-48] listed on pages 62 to 66.
• the content of the crosslinkable compound in the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent is preferably 0.1 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of all polymer components. In order to allow the crosslinking reaction to proceed and to produce the desired effect, 0.1 to 50 parts by mass is more preferable, and 1 to 30 parts by mass is most preferable, relative to 100 parts by mass of all polymer components. ..
• a compound that improves the film thickness uniformity and the surface smoothness of the liquid crystal alignment film when the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent is applied can be used. Further, a compound or the like that improves the adhesiveness between the liquid crystal alignment film and the electrode substrate can be used.
• Compounds that improve the film thickness uniformity and surface smoothness of the liquid crystal alignment film include fluorine-based surfactants, silicone-based surfactants, and nonion-based surfactants. Specific examples thereof include the surfactants described on page 67 of International Publication WO2014/171493. Further, the use ratio thereof is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of all polymer components contained in the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent. More preferably, it is 0.01 to 1 part by mass.
• the compound that improves the adhesiveness between the liquid crystal alignment film and the electrode substrate include the compounds described on pages 67 to 69 of International Publication WO2014/171493. Further, the use ratio thereof is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of all polymer components contained in the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent. More preferably, it is 1 to 20 parts by mass.
• a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent may be added with a dielectric or a conductive substance for the purpose of changing the electrical properties such as the dielectric constant and conductivity of the liquid crystal alignment film.
• the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent can be used as a liquid crystal alignment film by applying alignment treatment by rubbing treatment or light irradiation after coating and baking on the substrate. Further, in the case of vertical alignment applications, it can be used as a liquid crystal alignment film without alignment treatment.
• the substrate used in this case is not particularly limited as long as it is a highly transparent substrate, and in addition to glass substrates, acrylic substrates, polycarbonate substrates, plastic substrates such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) substrates, and further films thereof. Can be used.
• a substrate on which an ITO electrode for driving liquid crystal, a metal electrode such as an IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide) electrode and an IGZO (Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide) electrode, and an organic conductive film are formed. Is preferably used. Further, in the case of a reflective liquid crystal display element, if only one substrate is used, a substrate such as a silicon wafer or a metal such as aluminum or a substrate on which a dielectric multilayer film is formed can be used.
• the method for applying the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent is not particularly limited, but industrially, a method such as screen printing, offset printing, flexographic printing or an inkjet method is generally used. Other coating methods include a dip method, a roll coater method, a slit coater method, a spinner method or a spray method, and these may be used depending on the purpose.
• After applying the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent on the substrate it is preferably heated at 30 to 300° C., depending on the solvent used for the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent, by a heating means such as a hot plate, a heat circulation type oven or an IR (infrared) type oven. Can be used as a liquid crystal alignment film by evaporating the solvent at a temperature of 30 to 250° C.
• the thickness of the liquid crystal alignment film after firing is too thick, it is disadvantageous in terms of power consumption of the liquid crystal display device, and if it is too thin, the reliability of the liquid crystal display device may be deteriorated. Is 10 to 200 nm.
• the liquid crystal alignment film after firing is treated by rubbing or irradiation with polarized ultraviolet light.
• the liquid crystal used for the liquid crystal display element is not particularly limited, but for example, nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal or cholesteric liquid crystal can be used.
• a liquid crystal having a positive or negative dielectric anisotropy can be selected according to the method of the liquid crystal display element.
• a dichroic dye may be dissolved in the liquid crystal to form a guest-host type liquid crystal display device.
• the method of injecting the liquid crystal is not particularly limited, but for example, the following method may be mentioned. That is, a pair of substrates on which a liquid crystal alignment film is formed is prepared, and a sealant is applied to all four of the substrates on one side except for a part thereof, and then the liquid crystal alignment film surface is placed inside and the other side is applied. An empty cell in which the above substrates are bonded together is produced. Then, a method of injecting liquid crystal under reduced pressure from a place where the sealant is not applied to obtain a liquid crystal injection cell can be mentioned. Furthermore, prepare a pair of substrates on which a liquid crystal alignment film is formed, drop the liquid crystal on one substrate by ODF (One Drop Filling) method or inkjet method, and then bond the other substrate. Another method is to obtain a liquid crystal injection cell.
• ODF One Drop Filling
• the method of controlling the gap of the liquid crystal display device is not particularly limited, for example, a method of introducing a spacer of a desired size in the liquid crystal, a method of coating on a substrate having a column spacer of the desired size, the purpose A method using a liquid crystal containing a column spacer having a size of
• the size of the gap of the liquid crystal display element is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ m. More preferably, it is 1 to 50 ⁇ m. Particularly preferred is 2 to 30 ⁇ m. If the gap is too small, the contrast of the liquid crystal display device will be lowered, and if it is too large, the driving voltage of the device will be high.
• solvent NMP: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
• NEP N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone
• BCS ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
• PB propylene glycol monobutyl ether
• the imidization ratio is determined by using a proton derived from a structure that does not change before and after imidization as a reference proton, and the peak integrated value of this proton and the proton peak derived from the NH group of amic acid that appears near 9.5 ppm to 10.0 ppm. It was calculated by the following formula using the integrated value.
• Imidization rate (%) (1- ⁇ x/y) ⁇ 100 (X is a proton peak integrated value derived from NH group of amic acid, y is a peak integrated value of reference proton, ⁇ is a reference proton for one NH group proton of amic acid in the case of polyamic acid (imidization rate is 0%) Is the proportion of the number of.)
• Table 4 shows the polyimide-based polymers obtained in Synthesis Examples 1 to 11. *1: Polyamic acid. *2: Polyamic acid alkyl ester.
• “Storage stability test for liquid crystal alignment agents” A storage stability test was conducted using the liquid crystal alignment treatment agents obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples. Specifically, the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent was pressure-filtered with a membrane filter having a pore size of 1 ⁇ m and stored at ⁇ 15° C. for 72 hours. Then, by visual observation, it was confirmed that turbidity and precipitates were generated in the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent. As a result, all the liquid crystal alignment treatment agents of Examples and Comparative Examples were uniform solutions without turbidity or precipitates.
• a 6 ⁇ m spacer is applied to the liquid crystal alignment film surface of one substrate, and a sealant (723K1) (manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) is applied to the liquid crystal alignment film surface of the other substrate.
• the substrates were laminated so that the liquid crystal alignment film surfaces of the substrates face each other.
• the application amount of the sealing agent was adjusted so that the area of the sealing agent after the bonding was 5 ⁇ 50 mm (length ⁇ width).
• the bonded substrates are irradiated with 3 J/cm 2 of ultraviolet rays at a wavelength conversion of 365 nm by using a metal halide lamp with an illuminance of 20 mW/cm 2 , and then in a heat cycle type clean oven at 120° C. for 60 minutes. A heat treatment was performed to produce a cell for evaluation of adhesion.
• the evaluation of the adhesiveness was carried out using a tabletop precision universal testing machine (AGS-X 500N) (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). Specifically, after fixing the upper and lower ends of the obtained cell, the breaking strength (N) when pulled in the vertical direction was measured. In the evaluation, the larger the value of the breaking strength, the more excellent the adhesion is, that is, the more excellent this evaluation is. The results are shown in Tables 8 to 10.
• the liquid crystal alignment treatment agents obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were pressure-filtered with a membrane filter having a pore size of 1 ⁇ m, and washed with pure water and IPA.
• a substrate with ITO electrodes (length 40 mm ⁇ width 30 mm, thickness) (0.7 mm) ITO surface is spin-coated, and heat-treated at 120° C. for 2 minutes on a hot plate and at 230° C. for 30 minutes in a heat circulation type clean oven to have a liquid crystal alignment film with a thickness of 100 nm.
• the ITO substrate of was obtained.
• liquid crystal alignment film surface of this substrate was rubbed with a rubbing device having a roll diameter of 120 mm under the conditions of a roll rotation speed of 500 rpm, a roll advancing speed of 30 mm/sec, and a pushing amount of 0.3 mm. Processed.
• a spacer of 4 ⁇ m is applied to the liquid crystal alignment film surface of one substrate, and a sealant (XN- 1500T) (manufactured by Kyoritsu Kagaku Sangyo Co., Ltd.) was applied, and the substrates were laminated so that the liquid crystal alignment film surfaces of these substrates face each other. At that time, the substrates were laminated so that the rubbing directions of the substrates were opposite to each other.
• heat treatment was performed at 120° C. for 90 minutes in a heat circulation type clean oven to prepare an empty cell. Liquid crystal was injected into this empty cell by a reduced pressure injection method, and the injection port was sealed to obtain a liquid crystal cell.
• MLC-2003 positive type liquid crystal
• MLC-6608 negative liquid crystal
• Example 3 A1 (0.30 g), K1 (0.18 g), NMP (23.8 g) and BCS (7.83 g) were added to the polyamic acid solution (2) (10.0 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 2, The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 15 hours to obtain a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (3).
• NEP (31.3 g) was added to the polyimide powder (3) (2.50 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 3 and stirred at 60° C. for 24 hours to be dissolved.
• A2 (0.15 g) and BCS (7.83 g) were added to this solution and stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours to obtain a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (4).
• Example 5 In the polyamic acid solution (4) (10.0 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 4, A1 (0.13 g), A2 (0.075 g), NMP (19.9 g), BCS (7.83 g) and PB ( 3.92 g) was added and stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours to obtain a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (5).
• A1 (0.15 g), NMP (16.0 g) and BCS (15.7 g) were added to the polyamic acid solution (5) (10.0 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 5, and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. Thus, a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (6) was obtained.
• NEP (23.5 g) was added to the polyimide powder (6) (2.50 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 6 and stirred at 60° C. for 24 hours to be dissolved.
• A2 (0.20 g) and PB (15.7 g) were added to this solution, and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours to obtain a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (7).
• NEP (23.5 g) was added to the polyimide powder (6) (2.50 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 6 and stirred at 60° C. for 24 hours to be dissolved.
• A2 (0.20 g), K1 (0.18 g) and PB (15.7 g) were added to this solution, and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours to obtain a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (8).
• Example 9 To the polyamic acid solution (7) (10.0 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 7, A1 (0.10 g), K2 (0.08 g), NMP (19.9 g), BCS (7.83 g) and PB( 3.92 g) was added and stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours to obtain a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (9).
• Example 10 To the polyamic acid solution (8) (10.0 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 8, A2 (0.15 g), K2 (0.18 g), NMP (19.9 g) and BCS (11.8 g) were added, The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 15 hours to obtain a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (10).
• Example 11 A1 (0.23 g), NMP (19.9 g) and BCS (11.8 g) were added to the polyamic acid solution (9) (10.0 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 9, and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. Thus, a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (11) was obtained.
• Example 12 To the polyamic acid solution (9) (10.0 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 9, A1 (0.23 g), K1 (0.13 g), NMP (19.9 g) and BCS (11.8 g) were added, The mixture was stirred at 25°C for 15 hours to obtain a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (12).
• NMP (31.3 g) was added to the polyamic acid alkyl ester powder (10) (2.50 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 10, and the mixture was stirred at 40° C. for 24 hours to be dissolved. A1 (0.30 g) and BCS (7.83 g) were added to this solution, and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours to obtain a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (13).
• NEP (31.3 g) was added to the polyamic acid alkyl ester powder (10) (2.50 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 10, and the mixture was stirred at 40° C. for 24 hours to be dissolved. A2 (0.20 g), K2 (0.13 g) and BCS (7.83 g) were added to this solution, and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours to obtain a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (14).
• ⁇ Comparative example 3> A1 (0.20 g), NMP (23.8 g) and BCS (7.83 g) were added to the polyamic acid solution (11) (10.0 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 11, and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. Thus, a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (17) was obtained.
• ⁇ Comparative example 4> A1 (0.15 g), NMP (16.0 g) and BCS (15.7 g) were added to the polyamic acid solution (12) (10.0 g) obtained in Synthesis Example 12, and the mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 15 hours. Thus, a liquid crystal alignment treatment agent (18) was obtained.
• *3 Indicates the content (parts by mass) of the specific compound with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer.
• *4 Indicates the content (parts by mass) of the crosslinkable compound with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer.
• *5 A very small amount of bubbles were found in the device.
• *6 A small amount of bubbles were found in the element (more than *5).
• *7 Bubbles were found in the element (more than *6).
• *8 Many bubbles were found in the element (more than *7).
• the example using the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent containing a specific compound having three or more thiol groups in the molecule has the above characteristics in comparison with the comparative example of the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent containing a compound having two thiol groups.
• the comparative example of the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent containing a compound having two thiol groups. was excellent.
• Example 1 and Comparative Example 7 there are comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 7, and comparison between Example 6 and Comparative Example 8.
• the crosslinkable compound was introduced into the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent, no bubbles were generated in the liquid crystal cell in the emphasis test.
• there are a comparison between Example 2 and Example 3 a comparison between Example 7 and Example 8
• the liquid crystal alignment treatment agent of the present invention has high adhesiveness between substrates of a liquid crystal display element by using the obtained liquid crystal alignment film, and further, even in a harsh environment exposed to high temperature and high humidity for a long time. It is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display element capable of suppressing the generation of bubbles in the liquid crystal display element and the peeling of the element. Therefore, it can be suitably used for liquid crystal display devices such as smartphones and mobile phones.
• the entire contents of the specification, claims, drawings, and abstract of Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-246262 filed on Dec. 27, 2018 are cited herein as disclosure of the specification of the present invention. , Take in.

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