WO2020135253A1 - 一种外科器械的保险装置 - Google Patents

一种外科器械的保险装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020135253A1
WO2020135253A1 PCT/CN2019/126973 CN2019126973W WO2020135253A1 WO 2020135253 A1 WO2020135253 A1 WO 2020135253A1 CN 2019126973 W CN2019126973 W CN 2019126973W WO 2020135253 A1 WO2020135253 A1 WO 2020135253A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
teeth
function block
rack
surgical instrument
firing function
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PCT/CN2019/126973
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨光
聂红林
Original Assignee
上海逸思医疗科技有限公司
逸思（苏州）医疗科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 上海逸思医疗科技有限公司, 逸思（苏州）医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海逸思医疗科技有限公司
Priority to EP19903405.9A priority Critical patent/EP3903693A4/en
Priority to JP2021537139A priority patent/JP2022517310A/ja
Priority to US17/418,002 priority patent/US20220061949A1/en
Priority to BR112021012565-5A priority patent/BR112021012565A2/pt
Publication of WO2020135253A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020135253A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/03—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00367—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
    • A61B2017/00407—Ratchet means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/03—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety
    • A61B2090/033—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin
    • A61B2090/034—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin abutting on parts of the device itself
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/03—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety
    • A61B2090/033—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin
    • A61B2090/034—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin abutting on parts of the device itself
    • A61B2090/035—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin abutting on parts of the device itself preventing further rotation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surgical operation instrument, in particular to a safety mechanism for a surgical stapler.
  • the principle of the surgical stapler is to close the tissue by two corresponding jaws (commonly referred to as the anvil assembly and the staple cartridge assembly), and then push the metal staples in the stapler staple cartridge into shape to sew the tissue Together.
  • a cutting knife is also installed to cut off the sutured tissue.
  • the stapler with the above-mentioned functions includes an actuator, an intermediate connecting body and a controller.
  • the actuator consists of a nail anvil assembly, a nail cartridge assembly and a drive assembly.
  • the nail anvil assembly includes a nail forming surface, and the nail forming surface includes multiple rows of nail grooves.
  • the nail grooves are used for forming metal suture nails.
  • the nail magazine assembly generally includes a nail magazine, a suture nail, a nail push block, a nail push slider, and a nail magazine seat.
  • the upper surface of the nail magazine is a tissue contact surface, and the nail magazine is installed in the nail magazine seat.
  • the anvil assembly is movably connected to the proximal end of the staple cartridge assembly at the proximal end, and can be switched between an open state and a closed state.
  • the nail anvil assembly and the nail cartridge seat each further include a longitudinal groove, and the longitudinal groove is used to accommodate the drive assembly to pass through.
  • the drive assembly moves to the distal end of the actuator through the longitudinal groove, it will drive the anvil assembly and the staple cartridge assembly from the open state to the closed state, and drive the push slider and the push block to eject the suture and Formed in the nail groove of the nail forming surface of the nail anvil assembly.
  • the drive assembly also includes a cutting knife, which is used to cut tissue between multiple rows of staple threads after the tissue is sutured by staples.
  • the controller is used to manually control the operating instruments. It generally includes a fixed handle, a firing trigger that is movably connected to the fixed handle, a drive mechanism that transmits the firing trigger to the actuator, and a manual reset component.
  • the driving mechanism is connected with the driving assembly and is used to convert the action of the firing trigger into the actions of closing, firing and opening of the actuator.
  • operating the manual reset assembly can drive the staple cartridge assembly and the anvil assembly to return to the expanded state.
  • the intermediate connecting body is movably connected with the distal end of the controller and connected with the proximal end of the actuator. The intermediate connecting body forms a connecting channel for transmitting the action of firing the trigger to the actuator.
  • the drive mechanism includes a rack with multiple sets of teeth, where the first set of teeth is used to control the closing of the actuator jaws, and the second set of teeth controls the formation of staples and tissue cutting of the stapler.
  • the stapler generally also has a safety device. After the firing trigger is operated to close the actuator jaws, the safety device needs to be operated to fire normally, otherwise it cannot be fired. The safety device can prevent the doctor from erroneously operating without confirmation, which can cause the false firing of the stapler.
  • CN103767751B discloses a surgical instrument that can be operated with one hand.
  • the automatic reset mechanism is used to realize the restoration of the staple cartridge assembly and the nail anvil assembly to the expanded state.
  • the automatic reset mechanism includes an elastic energy storage assembly, and the energy storage assemblies are generally various types of springs.
  • the automatic reset mechanism also includes a tooth that can be detachably engaged with the drive assembly.
  • the friction force between the drive assembly and the staple cartridge assembly and the nail anvil assembly is greater than the energy stored by the automatic reset mechanism, so that the jaws Unable to open; operate the firing trigger mechanism again, the teeth of the firing trigger mechanism will be embedded in the second set of teeth of the toothed drive assembly, at this time, the firing trigger mechanism is in a semi-firing state, and the firing insurance mechanism cannot be automatically reset
  • the meshing teeth of the mechanism are disengaged from the drive assembly; the result is that the firing trigger mechanism cannot continue firing, and at the same time, the automatic reset mechanism cannot be reset, which causes inconvenience to the operation. In more serious cases, additional interventions may be required to solve this problem.
  • the present invention provides a safety mechanism for a surgical stapler, wherein the surgical stapler includes an actuator, an intermediate connecting body and a controller, the actuator, The intermediate connection body and the controller are connected in sequence; the controller includes a housing, a driving mechanism, a safety mechanism, and a reset mechanism placed or partially placed in the housing;
  • the insurance mechanism includes a safety trigger, an empty firing function block, and an offset structure.
  • the driving mechanism includes a firing trigger, a tooth set on the firing trigger, and a rack
  • the biasing structure moves the empty firing function block away from the rack
  • the insurance mechanism is not opened
  • the empty firing function block restricts the tooth engagement with the rack.
  • the rack includes at least two groups of teeth, and the biasing structure moves the empty firing function block away from the second group of teeth of the rack.
  • the The air firing function block restricts the gear teeth from meshing with the second group of teeth.
  • the surgical instrument includes an automatic reset mechanism including a rack limit slider, and operating the firing trigger, the rack drives the rack limit slider forward until The rack-limiting slider pushes the air firing function block to overcome the force of the bias structure to move, and the air firing function block restricts the gear teeth from engaging with the second group of teeth.
  • operating the safety trigger can move the empty firing function block away from the second set of teeth, thereby releasing the restricted engagement of the gear teeth and the second set of teeth.
  • the rack limit slider when the safety trigger is operated, the rack limit slider is disengaged from the empty firing function block, and the empty firing function block is away from the second set of teeth under the action of the biasing structure, thereby The restricting meshing of the gear teeth and the second group of teeth is released.
  • the empty firing functional block includes a shielding structure, and when the empty firing functional block moves close to the second group of teeth of the rack, the covering structure follows the movement of the empty firing functional block to When the second group of teeth of the rack is blocked and the empty firing function block is away from the second group of teeth, the blocking structure releases the blocking of the second group of teeth.
  • the shielding structure is in the form of a sheet, a block, or a strip.
  • the empty firing function block performs a rotational movement along one axis.
  • the empty firing function block moves linearly or curvilinearly along a specific guide rail.
  • the biasing structure is an elastic member.
  • the biasing structure is one of a spring, a tension spring, a compression spring, and a torsion spring.
  • the safety mechanism of the surgical stapler of the present invention By adopting the safety mechanism of the surgical stapler of the present invention, the problem that the instrument cannot be fired and reset when the automatic reset mechanism of the instrument fails can be solved.
  • the gear When the device insurance is not opened, the gear can not be embedded in the second group of teeth of the rack, and it cannot be fired to protect the safety of the patient.
  • the surgical stapler of the present invention has a simple structure and low cost.
  • FIG. 1 is a state view of an internal part of a surgical stapler according to an embodiment of the present invention in its original state;
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the controller of the surgical stapler of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the controller of FIG. 2 showing the original state of internal parts
  • FIG. 4 is a view of the internal parts of the surgical stapler according to an embodiment of the present invention after operating the firing trigger;
  • FIG. 5 is a view of the state of internal parts of the surgical stapler according to an embodiment of the present invention when the safety is not opened;
  • FIG. 6 is a view of the internal parts of the surgical stapler according to an embodiment of the present invention after opening the safety;
  • FIG. 10 is the assembly relationship between the left and air firing function blocks and the shrapnel of the housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figures 1-10 show a schematic view of an stapler or parts thereof according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the surgical stapler 1 of the present invention includes a controller 100, an intermediate connector and an actuator (wherein the intermediate connector and actuator are existing surgical staplers) The conventional structural form in Figure 3, not specifically shown).
  • the controller 100, the intermediate connector, and the actuator are connected in sequence.
  • the actuator includes a nail anvil assembly, a staple cartridge assembly and a drive assembly, wherein both the nail anvil assembly and the staple cartridge assembly form a jaw that can be moved between an open and closed state, and the drive assembly controls the opening and closing of the jaw, The anastomotic nail placed in the nail magazine is pushed out and formed on the tissue contact surface of the nail anvil.
  • the controller 100 includes a housing left 101, a housing right 102, a firing trigger 103, a safety trigger 104, a tooth 105, a rack 106, a rack limit slider 107, a tension spring 108, an empty firing function block 109, shrapnel 110.
  • the firing trigger 103 is partially placed inside the housing left 101 and the housing right 102, and can rotate along a fixed rotating shaft.
  • the firing trigger 103 is provided with a tooth 105 which can rotate along the movable rotating shaft, and the tooth 105 can be detachably meshed with the first group 1061 or the second group 1062 of the rack 106.
  • the air firing function block 109 has a circular hole 1091 (FIG. 7), which cooperates with the cylinder 1011 located on the left side 101 of the housing and can perform a certain angle of rotation along the cylinder 1011 (FIG. 10).
  • One end of the shrapnel 110 acts on the air firing function block 109, and the other end acts on the left side 101 of the housing.
  • the shrapnel 110 can bias the shielding structure 1093 located in the air firing function block 109 away from the second set of teeth 1062 of the rack 106 (FIG. 9).
  • the empty firing function block 109 can slide along a guide rail away from the second set of teeth 1062 of the rack 106;
  • the spring 110 can also be a spring, torsion spring, or other elastic member, acting on the left side 101 of the housing , Or the housing right 102, or other parts.
  • the rack limit slider 107 has a boss 1071 (FIG. 8 ), which cooperates with the inclined surface 1092 (FIG. 7 and FIG. 10) of the empty firing function block 109.
  • the specific operation of this embodiment is as follows. As shown in FIG. 4, the firing trigger 103 is operated to rotate by a certain angle, and the rotatable tooth 105 on the firing trigger 103 meshes with the first group of teeth 1061 of the rack 106 to push the rack 106 forward a certain distance.
  • the rack 106 has a boss 1063 detachably connected with the rack limit slider 107. The boss 1063 acts on the boss 1072 placed on the rack limit slider 107 and drives the rack limit slider 107 go ahead.
  • the rack limit slider 107 is in contact with the inclined surface 1092 of the air firing function block 109 through the side boss 1071, so that the air firing function block 109 rotates against the elastic force of the shrapnel 110, and the air firing function block 109 rotates by a certain angle.
  • the second set of teeth 1062 of the rack 106 is blocked.
  • the firing trigger 103 is released, and the tooth 105 is disengaged from the first group of teeth 1061 of the rack 106. If the friction force between the drive assembly and the staple cartridge assembly and the nail anvil assembly is greater than the energy stored by the tension spring 108, the tension spring 108 cannot pull the rack 106 back to its original position through the rack limit slider 107, making the jaws unable to open , Operate the firing trigger 103 again, because the blocking structure 1093 of the empty firing function block 109 blocks the second group of teeth 1062 of the rack 106, at this time, the tooth 105 cannot mesh with the second group of teeth 1062 of the rack 106, and cannot advance the rack 106 forward .

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  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract

一种具有保险机构的外科器械（1），其包括执行器、中间连接体和控制器（100），控制器（100）包括外壳（101，102）、置于或部分置于外壳（101，102）内的驱动机构、保险机构、复位机构；保险机构包括保险扳机（104）、空击发功能块（109）、以及偏置结构（110）。这种外科器械可以解决当器械自动复位机构失效时带来的器械不能击发和复位的问题，保护患者安全，同时结构简单，成本低廉。

Description

一种外科器械的保险装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种外科手术器械，具体涉及一种外科吻合器的保险机构。
背景技术
外科吻合器的作用原理，是通过两个对应的钳口(通常称为钉砧组件和钉仓组件)闭合以夹持组织，然后将吻合器钉仓中的金属缝合钉推出成型，将组织缝合在一起。在有些吻合器中，还装有一把切割刀，用于将缝合好的组织切断开。
具有上述功能的吻合器包括有一个执行器、中间连接体和控制器。执行器由钉砧组件、钉仓组件和驱动组件组成。钉砧组件包含一个钉成型面，钉成型面包含多排钉槽，钉槽用于金属缝合钉的成型。钉仓组件一般包括钉仓、缝合钉、推钉块和推钉滑块和钉仓座，钉仓的上表面为组织接触面，钉仓安装在钉仓座中。钉砧组件在近端与钉仓组件的近端可动地连接在一起，并可以在张开状态和关闭状态之间转换。一般情况下，钉砧组件和钉仓座还各包含一个纵向槽，上述纵向槽用于容纳驱动组件通过。当驱动组件通过上述纵向槽向执行器的远端运动时，会驱使钉砧组件和钉仓组件从张开状态转换为关闭状态，并且驱使推钉滑块和推钉块顶出缝合钉并在钉砧组件的钉成型面的钉槽中成型。一般情况下，驱动组件还包括一个切割刀，用于在组织被缝合钉缝合后，在多排钉线之间切割组织。控制器用于手动控制操作器械，一般包括有一个固定手柄，一个与固定手柄相对可动连接的击发扳机，一个传递击发扳机动作至执行器的驱动机构，一个手动复位组件。驱动机构与驱动组件连接，用于把击发扳机的动作转换为执行器的关闭、击发和张开等动作。当执行器的钉仓组件与钉砧组件处于闭合状态时，操作手动复位组件能驱使 钉仓组件与钉砧组件恢复张开状态。中间连接体与控制器的远端可动地连接，并与执行器的近端连接在一起，中间连接体构成一个连接通道，用于实现将击发扳机的动作传递给执行器。
在很多设计中，驱动机构包含一个具有多组齿的齿条，其中第一组齿用于控制执行器钳口的关闭，第二组齿控制吻合器缝合钉的成形以及组织切割。同时，吻合器一般还有一个保险装置，在操作击发扳机使执行器钳口关闭后，需要操作保险装置才能正常击发，否则不能击发。保险装置可防止医生在未确认的情况下错误操作而导致吻合器的错误击发。
CN103767751B公开了一种可单手操作的外科器械。在未打开保险状态下，靠自动复位机构实现钉仓组件和钉砧组件恢复为张开状态，自动复位机构包括弹性储能组件，储能组件一般为各类型弹簧。
上述自动复位机构还包括一个可以和驱动组件可分离的啮合在一起的齿。
在某些特定的情况下(如钳口所夹持的组织太厚)，会导致驱动组件与钉仓组件和钉砧组件的摩擦力大于所述自动复位机构存储的能量，使所述钳口无法张开；再次操作所述击发扳机机构，击发扳机机构的拨齿会嵌入带齿驱动组件的第二组齿，此时，击发扳机机构处于半击发状态，操作击发保险机构，不能使自动复位机构的啮合齿与驱动组件脱离；造成的结果就是，击发扳机机构不能继续击发，同时，自动复位机构不能复位，给手术带来不便。更严重的情况下，可能需要额外的干预手段来解决此问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术存在的自动复位机构不能复位等技术问题，本发明提供一种外科吻合器的保险机构，其中，外科吻合器，包括执行器、中间连接体和控制器，所述执行器、中间连接体、控制器依次连接；所述控制器包括 外壳、置于或部分置于外壳内的驱动机构、保险机构、复位机构；
所述保险机构包括保险扳机、空击发功能块、以及偏置结构。
在一些实施方式中，所述驱动机构包括击发扳机、置于击发扳机的拨齿、以及齿条，所述偏置结构使空击发功能块远离所述齿条，所述保险机构在未被打开的情况下，所述空击发功能块限制所述拨齿与所述齿条啮合。
在一些实施方式中，所述齿条包括至少两组齿，所述偏置结构使空击发功能块远离所述齿条的第二组齿，所述保险机构在未被打开的情况下，所述空击发功能块限制所述拨齿与所述第二组齿啮合。
在一些实施方式中，所述外科器械包括自动复位机构，所述自动复位机构包括齿条限位滑块，操作所述击发扳机，所述齿条带动所述齿条限位滑块前进，直至齿条限位滑块推动空击发功能块克服所述偏置结构的力而发生运动，所述空击发功能块限制所述拨齿与所述第二组齿啮合。
在一些实施方式中，操作所述保险扳机，可以使空击发功能块远离所述第二组齿运动，从而解除所述拨齿与所述第二组齿的限制啮合。
在一些实施方式中，操作所述保险扳机，所述齿条限位滑块与所述空击发功能块脱离，所述空击发功能块在偏置结构作用下远离所述第二组齿，从而解除所述拨齿与所述第二组齿的限制啮合。
在一些实施方式中，所述空击发功能块包括遮挡结构，所述空击发功能块靠近所述齿条第二组齿运动时，所述遮挡结构随着所述空击发功能块的运动，以遮挡住所述齿条第二组齿，所述空击发功能块远离所述第二组齿时，所述遮挡结构解除对所述第二组齿的遮挡。
在一些实施方式中，所述遮挡结构是片状、块状、条状。
在一些实施方式中，所述空击发功能块沿一个轴进行旋转运动。
在一些实施方式中，所述空击发功能块沿一个特定导轨做直线或者曲线运动。
在一些实施方式中，所述偏置结构是一个弹性件。
在一些实施方式中，所述偏置结构是弹片、拉簧、压簧、扭簧中的一种。
通过采用本发明的外科吻合器的保险机构，可以解决当器械自动复位机构失效时带来的器械不能击发和复位的问题。当器械保险处于未打开的情况下，拨齿不能嵌入齿条的第二组齿，不能击发，保护患者安全。同时本发明的外科吻合器结构简单，成本低廉。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的外科吻合器，其处于原始状态的内部零件的状态视图；
图2是图1的外科吻合器的控制器的俯视图；
图3是图2的控制器的部分截面图，其示出了内部零件的原始状态；
图4是根据本发明的一个实施例的外科吻合器，操作击发扳机后内部零件的状态视图；
图5是根据本发明的一个实施例的外科吻合器，未打开保险时，内部零件的状态视图；
图6是根据本发明的一个实施例的外科吻合器，打开保险后内部零件的状态视图；
图7是是根据本发明的一个实施例的空击发功能块和弹片；
图8是根据本发明的一个实施例的齿条限位滑块；
图9是根据本发明的一个实施例的齿条；
图10是根据本发明的一个实施例的外壳左及空击发功能块、弹片的装配关系。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明，其中，附图仅用于示例性说明，表示的仅是示意图，而非实物图，不能理解为对本发明的限制，为了更好地说明本发明的具体实施方式，附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小，并不代表实际产品的尺寸，对本领域技术人员来说，附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的，基于本发明中的具体实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他具体实施方式，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1-10示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的吻合器或其零件的示意图。
具体地，在本实施例中，参见图1，4-6，本发明的外科吻合器1，包括控制器100、中间连接体和执行器(其中中间连接体和执行器为现有外科吻合器中的常规结构形式，未具体示出)。控制器100、中间连接体和执行器三者依次连接。执行器包括钉砧组件、钉仓组件和驱动组件，其中钉砧组件与钉仓组件二者形成一个可以在打开和关闭状态之间运动的钳口，驱动组件控制钳口的张开与关闭，并将置于钉仓内的吻合钉推出，在钉砧的组织接触面成形。
参见图1-6，控制器100包括外壳左101、外壳右102、击发扳机103、保险扳机104、拨齿105、齿条106、齿条限位滑块107、拉簧108、空击发功能块109、弹片110。
其中，击发扳机103部分置于外壳左101和外壳右102内部，并可沿一个固定转轴转动。击发扳机103上安装有一个可沿活动转轴转动的拨齿105，拨齿105可以与齿条106的第一组齿1061或者第二组齿1062可分离地啮合。
参见图7、9-10，空击发功能块109上具有一圆孔1091(图7)，与位于外壳左101的圆柱1011配合，并可沿圆柱1011进行一定角度的旋转运动(图10)。弹片110一端作用于空击发功能块109，另一端作用于外壳左101；弹 片110可以使位于空击发功能块109的遮挡结构1093偏向远离齿条106第二组齿1062的方向(图9)。
在其他实施例中，空击发功能块109可以沿一个导轨，朝着远离齿条106第二组齿1062的方向滑动；弹片110也可以是弹簧、扭簧或者其他弹性部件，作用于外壳左101、或者外壳右102、或者其他零件。
参见图8，齿条限位滑块107具有一个凸台1071(图8)，与空击发功能块109的斜面1092(图7、图10)相互配合。
本实施例的具体操作如下。如图4所示，操作击发扳机103旋转一定角度，击发扳机103上可转动的拨齿105与齿条106的第一组齿1061啮合，推动齿条106前进一定距离。齿条106上有一个与齿条限位滑块107可脱离连接的凸台1063，凸台1063与置于齿条限位滑块107的凸台1072作用，并带动齿条限位滑块107前进。齿条限位滑块107通过侧面的凸台1071与空击发功能块109的斜面1092接触，使空击发功能块109克服弹片110弹力发生旋转，空击发功能块109旋转一定角度，遮挡结构1093会遮挡齿条106的第二组齿1062。
如图5所示，此时松开击发扳机103，拨齿105与齿条106的第一组齿1061脱离啮合。如果驱动组件与钉仓组件和钉砧组件的摩擦力大于拉簧108存储的能量，拉簧108不能通过齿条限位滑块107将齿条106拉回原位，使所述钳口无法张开时，再次操作击发扳机103，因空击发功能块109的遮挡结构1093遮挡齿条106第二组齿1062，此时拨齿105无法与齿条106第二组齿1062啮合，无法推动齿条106前进。
如图6所示，操作保险扳机104，齿条限位滑块107与齿条106脱离啮合，恢复原位。此时齿条限位滑块107的凸台1071与空击发功能块109斜面1092脱离接触，空击发功能块109在弹片110的作用下，遮挡结构1093远离齿条 106第二组齿1062。再次操作击发扳机103，拨齿105可以和齿条106第二组齿1062啮合，推动齿条106前进，进行切割缝合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的具体实施方式，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下，可以对这些具体实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种外科器械，包括执行器、中间连接体和控制器，所述执行器、中间连接体、控制器依次连接；所述控制器包括外壳、置于或部分置于外壳内的驱动机构、保险机构；
    其特征在于，所述保险机构包括保险扳机、空击发功能块、以及偏置结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述驱动机构包括击发扳机、置于击发扳机的拨齿以及齿条，所述偏置结构使空击发功能块远离所述齿条，所述保险机构在未被打开的情况下，所述空击发功能块限制所述拨齿与所述齿条啮合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述齿条包括第一组齿和第二组齿，所述偏置结构使空击发功能块远离所述齿条的第二组齿，所述保险机构在未被打开的情况下，所述空击发功能块限制所述拨齿与所述第二组齿啮合。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述外科器械包括自动复位机构，所述自动复位机构包括齿条限位滑块，
    操作所述击发扳机，所述齿条带动所述齿条限位滑块前进，直至齿条限位滑块推动空击发功能块克服所述偏置结构的力而发生运动，所述空击发功能块限制所述拨齿与所述第二组齿啮合。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的外科器械，其特征在于，操作所述保险扳机，可以使所述空击发功能块远离所述第二组齿运动，从而解除所述拨齿与所述第二组齿的限制啮合。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的外科器械，其特征在于，操作所述保险扳机，所述齿条限位滑块与所述空击发功能块脱离，所述空击发功能块在偏置结构作用下远离所述第二组齿，从而解除所述拨齿与所述第二组齿的限制啮合。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述空击发功能块包 括遮挡结构，所述空击发功能块靠近所述齿条第二组齿运动时，所述遮挡结构随着所述空击发功能块的运动，以遮挡住所述齿条第二组齿，所述空击发功能块远离所述第二组齿时，所述遮挡结构解除对所述第二组齿的遮挡。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述遮挡结构是片状、块状、条状。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述空击发功能块沿一个轴进行旋转运动。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述空击发功能块沿一个特定导轨做直线或者曲线运动。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述偏置结构是一个弹性件。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的外科器械，其特征在于，所述偏置结构是弹片、拉簧、压簧、扭簧中的一种。
PCT/CN2019/126973 2018-12-25 2019-12-20 一种外科器械的保险装置 WO2020135253A1 (zh)

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