WO2024017223A1 - 击发切换机构及医用吻合器 - Google Patents

击发切换机构及医用吻合器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024017223A1
WO2024017223A1 PCT/CN2023/107823 CN2023107823W WO2024017223A1 WO 2024017223 A1 WO2024017223 A1 WO 2024017223A1 CN 2023107823 W CN2023107823 W CN 2023107823W WO 2024017223 A1 WO2024017223 A1 WO 2024017223A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
firing
state
switching
closing
driving
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/107823
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史晓杰
Original Assignee
天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202221850411.6U external-priority patent/CN218684552U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210841824.6A external-priority patent/CN117414168A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202221852831.8U external-priority patent/CN217960199U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202221849258.5U external-priority patent/CN217960197U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210841821.2A external-priority patent/CN117442277A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202210840576.3A external-priority patent/CN117442270A/zh
Application filed by 天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024017223A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024017223A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a firing switching mechanism and a medical stapler.
  • the medical stapler includes a medical stapler body, a firing handle movably connected to the medical stapler body, and a nail head that cooperates with the body.
  • the nail head includes a nail cartridge assembly and a nail anvil arranged oppositely.
  • the firing part of the firing handle may cooperate with the actuating rod and drive the actuating rod to move in the distal direction, resulting in failure to reach the desired level.
  • a misfire during the firing state resulted in the failure of the operation.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a firing switching mechanism and a medical stapler.
  • the switching member When the switching member is in the first position, the firing member cannot fire the stapler, thereby avoiding accidental firing when the firing state is not reached. hair.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a firing switching mechanism for a medical stapler.
  • the firing switching mechanism includes: an actuating rod; a switching member including a stopper, and the switching member is configured to be in a first position and a second position. movement between; a firing member configured to be drivably moved from a first state away from the actuating rod to a second state close to the actuating rod; when the switching member is in the first position, and When the firing member is driven from the first state to the second state, the firing member resists the stop portion without driving the actuating rod; when the switching member is in the third state two positions, and when the firing member is driven from the first state to the second state, the firing member drives the actuating rod to move in the distal direction.
  • the actuating rod includes a first driving part, and the first driving part is provided with at least one driving tooth; when the switching member is in the first position and the firing member is driven When entering the second state from the first state, the stopper blocks the firing member from engaging with the driving teeth; when the switching member is at In the second position, when the firing member is driven from the first state to the second state, the firing member is engaged with the driving tooth.
  • the switch is configured to move between the first position and the second position along the axial direction of the stapler, and the first position is located between the second position and the first position. distal side.
  • the stop portion of the switching member includes a stop surface facing the firing member.
  • the stop surface protrudes beyond the driving tooth toward the firing member.
  • the stop surfaces resist each other; the stop surfaces are continuous smooth surfaces along the axial direction of the stapler.
  • the stop portion when the switching member is in the first position, the stop portion is at least partially located on one side of the first driving portion of the actuating rod in the transverse direction, and the switching member moves along the After moving toward the proximal side in the axial direction, the switching member enters the second position, and when the firing member is driven from the first state to the second state, the firing member is in contact with the second position.
  • the driving teeth at the distal end of the stop portion engage.
  • a closing drive assembly and a closing pull tab are further included.
  • the closing drive assembly can drive the closing pull tab to move along the axial direction of the stapler; the switching member is in the first position and the When the closing driving component moves in the proximal direction, the closing driving component drives the switching member to move in the proximal direction and enter the second position.
  • the closing driving assembly is at least partially located on the proximal side of the actuating rod, the switching member is connected to the closing driving assembly through a connecting and fixing portion, and the connecting and fixing portion is located on the stop. The proximal side of the stop.
  • the closing driving assembly further includes a closing pull rod and a sleeve, the sleeve is at least partially located on the proximal side of the closing pull rod, and the connection and fixing portion of the switching member is fixed to the sleeve.
  • the switching member further includes a body portion located between the stop portion and the connection fixing portion, and the stop portion protrudes toward one side of the firing member relative to the body portion.
  • the housing of the stapler is provided with a first guide part
  • the switching member is provided with a second guide part
  • the first guide part guides the axial movement of the second guide part.
  • one of the first guide part and the second guide part is a first guide groove extending in the axial direction, and the other is a guide pin embedded in the first guide groove;
  • the actuating rod is provided with a third guide portion, the third guide portion is a second guide groove extending in the axial direction, and the guide pin is embedded in the second guide groove.
  • a firing handle is also included, and the firing member is a firing pawl disposed on a side of the firing handle facing the actuating rod.
  • the firing handle rotates in the first direction, the firing member The component enters the second state from the first state; the firing switching mechanism also includes a connecting rod assembly, a closing driving assembly and a closing pull tab, and the firing handle drives the connecting rod when rotating along the first direction.
  • the assembly moves at least partially proximally to drive the closure drive assembly and the closure pull tab to move in the proximal direction.
  • the switch is configured to be rotatably disposed relative to the actuating rod between the first position and the second position.
  • it further includes a closing driving assembly and a closing pull tab, the proximal end side of the closing pulling tab is fixed to the closing driving assembly, the switching member includes a fixing part, the fixing part is rotatably fixed to The housing of the stapler or the closure drive assembly.
  • a first elastic member is further included, and the first elastic member exerts a biasing force on the stop portion to protrude from the actuating rod;
  • the first elastic member is a tension spring or a Compression spring, one end of the first elastic member is fixed to the switching member, and the other end is fixed to the housing of the stapler or the closing driving assembly.
  • the firing switching mechanism further includes a first fitting part
  • the switching member further includes a second fitting part
  • the first fitting part can drive the second fitting part to rotate to cause the switching member to rotate. from the first position into the second position.
  • the second fitting part and the stop part are respectively located on the distal side of the fixing part, and the first fitting part drives the second fitting part in a direction away from the firing member.
  • the stop portion moves in a direction away from the firing member from the first position into the second position without protruding from the actuating rod; or, the second fitting portion and the The stopper parts are respectively located on the proximal end side and the distal end side of the fixed part.
  • the stopper part moves away from the firing part. The directional movement of the firing member is from the first position into the second position without protruding beyond the actuating rod.
  • a link assembly is further included.
  • One end of the link assembly is pivotally connected to the housing of the stapler, and the other end is pivotally connected to the closing drive assembly.
  • the link assembly has a third A balanced state and a second balanced state; the connecting rod assembly is provided with the first matching portion, and when the connecting rod assembly enters the second balanced state from the first balanced state, the connecting rod assembly drives The closing driving component moves in the proximal direction, and the first fitting part drives the second fitting part to rotate so that the switching member enters the second position from the first position.
  • the link assembly includes a first rod and a second rod that are pivotally connected, and the first fitting portion is disposed on the first rod or the second rod toward the actuator.
  • the bump on the side of the rod is a first rod and a second rod that are pivotally connected, and the first fitting portion is disposed on the first rod or the second rod toward the actuator. The bump on the side of the rod.
  • it also includes a housing and a firing handle, the firing handle can be driven to move between the third position and the fourth position, the housing is provided with a first limiting part, and the firing member
  • the pivot is provided on the firing handle, the firing member is provided with a second limiting portion; the switching member is in the first position, and the firing handle moves from the third position to the fourth position.
  • the switching member When the switching member is in the second position and the firing handle moves from the third position to the fourth position, the second limiting part is separated from the first limiting part, and the second limiting part is separated from the first limiting part.
  • the firing member enters the second state to cooperate with the actuating rod and drives the actuating rod to move in the distal direction.
  • the firing member when the firing handle moves from the third position to the fourth position in the first direction, the firing member is driven to move in the first direction, so that the second limiting part is connected with the fourth position. After the first limiting part is separated, the firing member rotates in a second direction and enters the second state, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction.
  • the firing member includes a second driving part, and when the switching member is in the second position and the firing handle moves from the third position to the fourth position, the third driving part
  • the two driving parts move along the second direction to mesh with the driving teeth; the second limiting part is located on the proximal side of the second driving part, and the first limiting part is located on the second limiting part. the proximal side of the site.
  • a second elastic member is further included, and the second elastic member exerts a biasing force along the second direction to the firing member.
  • a side surface of the first limiting portion facing the firing member is flat, and when the firing handle is in the third position, the second limiting portion at least partially conforms to the firing member.
  • the first limiting portion faces one side surface of the firing member.
  • the housing is further provided with a support portion, and the support portion is fixed to a side of the first limiting portion away from the firing member.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides a medical stapler, including the above firing switching mechanism.
  • a switching piece is provided in the firing switching mechanism.
  • the switching piece When the stapler does not reach the firing state, the switching piece is in the first position.
  • the switching piece blocks the engagement between the firing piece and the driving teeth of the actuating rod, and the firing piece cannot fire the stapler. to avoid misfiring when the stapler reaches the firing state.
  • the switching piece can be driven into the second position. At this time, the switching piece no longer blocks the space between the firing piece and the driving teeth of the actuating rod.
  • the engagement of the stapler enables normal firing of the stapler through the movement of the firing member in the first direction, thereby improving surgical safety and effectiveness.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical stapler according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the firing switching mechanism when the stapler is not closed according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the firing switching mechanism during the closing process of the stapler according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the rack and the closing drive assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the clutch plate and the sleeve according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the rack and the closed pull rod according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the rack and the clutch plate according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the firing switching mechanism and the housing according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the rack according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a bottom view of the rack and switching member when the stapler is not closed according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the firing switching mechanism after the stapler is closed according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a bottom view of the rack and switching member after the stapler is closed according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the firing switching mechanism when the stapler is fired after the stapler is closed according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 15 is a partial structural diagram of the firing switching mechanism when the switching member is in the first position according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the rack and the closing drive assembly when the switching member is in the first position according to the second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 17 is a bottom view of the cooperation between the rack and the switching member according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the rack and the switching member according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the stapler housing according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the switching member and the tension spring in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the closing driving mechanism of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic structural diagram of the closing driving mechanism when the switching member is in the first position and the firing handle is rotating according to the second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the firing switching mechanism when the switching member enters the second position according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the closing driving mechanism when the switching member enters the second position according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the rack and the closing drive assembly when the switching member enters the second position according to the second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 26 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the firing switching mechanism after the switching member is in the second position and the firing handle is reset according to the second embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 27 is a schematic structural diagram of the switching member according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 28 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the switching member and the tension spring according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 29 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the switching member and the compression spring according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 30 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the switching member and the tension spring according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 31 is a schematic structural diagram of the stapler body with one side of the housing removed according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 32 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the stapler body with one side of the housing removed, according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 33 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the firing handle and the firing piece according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 34 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the firing member and the housing according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 35 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the firing member and the housing according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 36 is a schematic structural diagram of the housing according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 37 is a structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the connecting rod assembly and the closing drive assembly according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 38 is a schematic structural diagram of the firing switching mechanism when the connecting rod assembly is in the first equilibrium state according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 39 is a schematic structural diagram of the firing switching mechanism during the transition of the connecting rod assembly to the second equilibrium state according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 40 is a schematic structural diagram of the firing switching mechanism after the connecting rod assembly enters the second equilibrium state according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 41 is a schematic structural diagram of the firing switching mechanism after the connecting rod assembly enters the second equilibrium state and the firing handle is reset according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 42 is a schematic structural diagram of the firing switching mechanism during the process of holding the firing handle again according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 43 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the switching member and the connecting rod assembly according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a firing switching mechanism for a medical stapler and a medical stapler including the same.
  • the firing switching mechanism includes: an actuating rod; a switching member including a stop portion, the switching member is configured to move between a first position and a second position; and a firing member drivable from a distance away from the firing member. The first state of the actuating lever moves to a second state close to the actuating lever.
  • the firing member When the switching member is in the first position and the firing member is driven from the first state to the second state, the firing member resists the stopper without driving the Actuating rod, at this time, the firing part cannot drive the actuating rod of the stapler to move to the distal end so that the stapler is fired, thereby avoiding misfiring when the firing state is not reached.
  • the switching member can be driven into the second position, and at this time, the switching member no longer blocks the cooperation between the firing member and the actuating rod.
  • the firing member drives the actuation rod to move in the distal direction, Thereby achieving normal firing of the stapler.
  • the stapler includes a staple head 9 and a stapler body 1 .
  • the stapler body 1 includes a housing 13, a connecting rod 18, a fixed handle 11 and a firing switching mechanism.
  • the nail head 9 is provided on the distal end side of the connecting rod 18 of the stapler body 1 .
  • the nail head 9 includes a nail anvil 91 and a nail cartridge assembly 92 arranged oppositely.
  • the nail anvil 91 has an open state relative to the nail cartridge assembly 92 and a nail cartridge assembly 92 .
  • the closed state of assembly 92 being closed.
  • the proximal side of the nail anvil 91 is provided with an inclined first fitting groove 911
  • the proximal side of the nail cartridge assembly 92 is provided with an axially extending second fitting groove 921
  • a closing pin 93 is simultaneously provided in all the fitting grooves 911. in the first fitting groove 911 and the second fitting groove 921 .
  • the connecting rod 18 is provided with a closing pull tab 53 (shown in image 3).
  • the distal end side of the closing tab 53 is connected to the closing pin 93 .
  • the closing pin 93 is located at the distal side of the second fitting groove 921
  • the anvil 91 is in the open state
  • the stapler is in a non-firing state.
  • the nail anvil 91 When the closing pull tab 53 pulls the closing pin 93 to move from the distal side to the proximal side of the second fitting groove 921, the nail anvil 91 enters the closed state. At this time, the nail anvil 91 and The staple cartridge assembly 92 clamps tissue.
  • the process in which the nail anvil 91 enters the closed state from the open state is called the closing process of the nail head 9, that is, the closing process of the stapler.
  • the stapler After the nail head 9 is closed, the stapler is in a firing state. During the firing process of the stapler, it is necessary to keep the nail head 9 closed. After the stapler is fired, when the closing pin 93 and the closing pull tab 53 move toward the distal direction, the nail head 9 can be opened.
  • the distal side and the proximal side are relative to the operator.
  • the end closer to the operator is the proximal side, and the end farther from the operator, that is, the end closer to the surgical site is the distal side.
  • the end side refers to the direction along the axis of the stapler as the axial direction, that is, the direction from the distal side to the proximal side of the stapler, or the direction from the proximal side to the distal side of the stapler.
  • the distal side of the stapler is the left side and the proximal side is the right side.
  • the S1 direction in Figure 1 is the direction from the distal side to the proximal side of the stapler.
  • S1 direction or the direction opposite to the S1 direction as the axial direction of the stapler.
  • S2 direction in Figure 2 as the longitudinal direction, that is, the height direction.
  • S3 direction in Figure 10 is defined as the transverse direction, that is, the width direction.
  • the firing switching mechanism includes a firing handle 3, an actuating rod and a switching member 7.
  • the firing handle 3 is provided with a firing element on one side facing the actuating rod.
  • the actuating rod is a rack 2
  • the rack 2 includes a first driving part.
  • the firing member is a firing pawl 31 rotatably connected to the firing handle 3 .
  • the firing pawl 31 can be driven to move from a first state away from the first driving part to a second state close to the first driving part.
  • the first state is as shown in Figure 2, and the second state is as shown in Figure 2. 3 shown.
  • the firing pawl 31 at least partially enters the firing handle 3 , and a bias spring is provided between the part entering the firing handle 3 and the firing handle 3 .
  • a bias spring is provided between the part entering the firing handle 3 and the firing handle 3 .
  • the firing handle 3 in the initial state, the firing handle 3 is in its initial position, and the firing pawl 31 is set in a first state away from the first driving part.
  • the firing pawl 31 rotates accordingly and under the action of the bias spring Rotate downward in a direction close to the first driving part to enter the second state.
  • the firing pawl 31 may be blocked by a limiting member and be in a first state away from the first driving part.
  • the limiting member may be disposed near the firing pawl 31 .
  • the end or distal end may, for example, be provided on the housing 13 or other components that are stationary relative to the housing 13 .
  • the rack 2 includes a A first side and a second side facing away from the firing pawl 31 .
  • the first side and the second side of the rack 2 are opposite sides in the longitudinal direction (S2 direction). From the perspective of FIG. 2 , the first side of the rack 2 is the lower side, and the second side is the upper side.
  • the first side of the rack 2 includes a first driving part opposite to the firing pawl 31 in the second state. Opposite here means that the first driving part of the rack 2 is opposite to the firing pawl 31 in the second state in the longitudinal direction.
  • a first plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is set, and the orthographic projection of the first driving part of the rack 2 on the first plane is at least partially the same as the orthographic projection of the firing pawl 31 in the second state on the first plane. coincide.
  • At least one driving tooth 21 is provided at the first driving portion of the rack 2 .
  • the rack 2 may also be provided with at least one driving tooth 21 at a position other than the first driving part (for example, the rack 2 is at a proximal position of the first driving part).
  • the switching member 7 includes a stopper portion 71, a body portion 72, and a connection and fixing portion 73 arranged sequentially from the distal side to the proximal side.
  • the member 7 may be integrally formed into a rod-shaped structure along the axial direction of the stapler.
  • the stop portion 71 includes a stop surface facing the firing pawl 31 .
  • the stopper portion 71 protrudes downwardly compared to the main body portion 72 . From the perspective of FIG. 4 , the stop surface is the lower surface of the stop portion 71 .
  • the switching member 7 can move along the axial direction of the stapler to switch between a first position and a second position, and the first position is located at the distal end of the second position.
  • the switching member 7 when the switching member 7 is in the first position, the switching member 7 is driven to move in the proximal direction to enter the second position.
  • What is shown in Figures 2 to 4 is the structure when the switching member 7 is in the first position.
  • What is shown in Figures 12 to 14 is the structure when the switching member 7 is in the second position.
  • the stopper 71 protrudes from the driving teeth 21 of the first driving part.
  • the lower surface may be flush with the lower surface of the driving tooth 21 of the first driving part.
  • the firing pawl 31 When the firing pawl 31 enters the second state from the first state under the action of the firing handle 3, the firing pawl 31 31 resists the stopper 71, and the stopper 71 blocks the firing pawl 31 from meshing with the driving tooth 21, and the firing pawl 31 cannot fire the stapler, thus preventing the stapler from being fired when it is not in a firing state. Accidentally fired.
  • the switching member 7 After the stapler reaches the firing state, the switching member 7 is in the second position, and the stopper 71 does not block the firing pawl 31 and the driving tooth 21 of the first driving part. After the firing pawl 31 enters the second state under the action of the firing handle 3, it can cooperate with the driving tooth 21 located at the far end of the stop portion 71 and fire the stapler.
  • the closing driving mechanism includes a link assembly 4 , a closing driving assembly 51 and the closing pull tab 53 .
  • the link assembly 4 includes a first rod 41 and a second rod 42 .
  • the first rod 41 includes a first pivot portion 412 , a second closing driving portion 411 and a second pivot portion 413 .
  • the second rod 42 includes a third pivot portion 421 and a fourth pivot portion 422 .
  • the first pivot portion 412 is rotatably connected to the first pin 43 Connected to the housing 13 , therefore, the first pivot portion 412 does not have axial movement relative to the housing 13 .
  • the second pivot portion 413 and the third pivot portion 421 are rotatably connected through a second pin 44 .
  • the closing driving assembly 51 includes a closing pull rod 511 , a sleeve 512 and a closing return spring 52 .
  • the closing pull rod 511 is at least partially located on the proximal end side of the rack 2
  • the sleeve 512 is at least partially located on the proximal end side of the closing pull rod 511 .
  • the connecting and fixing portion 73 of the switching member 7 is fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve 512 through a connecting pin 513 .
  • the sleeve 512 is also fixedly connected to the proximal side of the closing pull tab 53 .
  • the closing pull rod 511 includes a fifth pivot portion 5111 , a sixth pivot portion 5112 and a first connecting portion 5113 .
  • the sleeve 512 includes a second connecting portion 5121 .
  • the fifth pivot portion 5111 of the closing lever 511 and the fourth pivot portion 422 of the second lever 42 are rotatably connected through a third pin 45 .
  • the sixth pivot portion 5112 of the closing lever 511 is rotatably connected to the housing 13 .
  • the first connection part 5113 cooperates with the second connection part 5121, and when the first connection part 5113 moves in the proximal direction, it drives the second connection part 5121 to move in the proximal direction.
  • the structure of the closing drive assembly 51 is only an example. In other embodiments, the closing drive assembly 51 may also adopt other structures, such as combining the closing pull rod and the shaft.
  • the sleeve is configured as an integrally formed overall structure, etc., which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the housing 13 is also provided with a first guide part 131
  • the body part 72 of the switching member 7 is provided with a second guide part 721 .
  • the first guide portion 131 guides the axial movement of the second guide portion 721 .
  • the first guide part 131 is a guide column
  • the second guide part 721 is a first guide groove extending in the axial direction.
  • the guide post is embedded in the first guide groove and can move along the extension direction of the first guide groove.
  • a third guide part 22 is also provided on the lateral side of the rack 2.
  • the third guide part 22 is a second guide groove, and the guide column is embedded in the first guide groove.
  • the groove and the second guide groove guide the axial movement of the switching member 7 relative to the rack 2 .
  • the second guide part may be a guide column
  • the first guide part and the third guide part may be guide grooves
  • the third guide part may be a guide groove
  • the first guide part and the second guide part are respectively guide grooves.
  • the guide post is inserted into the guide groove and can move along the axial direction.
  • the firing handle 3 further includes a first closing driving part 32 .
  • the connecting rod assembly 4 includes two relatively stable first equilibrium states and a second equilibrium state. In the initial state, the link assembly 4 is in a first equilibrium state, and the first closing driving part 32 resists the second closing driving part 411 .
  • the nail head is in an open state.
  • the first closing driving part 32 drives the second closing driving part 411 upward, so that the link assembly 4 enters the second equilibrium state as shown in Figure 12, and the second pivot joint 413 and the third pivot portion 421 move toward the direction of the rack 2, and the fourth pivot portion 422 drives the closing pull rod 511 and the sleeve 512 to move toward the proximal direction, driving the closing
  • the pull tab 53 moves toward the proximal direction to close the nail head. Therefore, the closing drive mechanism can achieve closing of the nail head.
  • the structure of the closing drive mechanism is only an example.
  • the connecting rod assembly may not be used, and other transmission structures may be selected to drive the closing pull tab to move in the proximal direction to close the nail head.
  • the nail head in an open state, and the stapler is in a non-firing state.
  • the connecting rod assembly 4 is in a first equilibrium state.
  • the second pivot portion 413 and the third pivot portion 421 are at a position away from the rack 2 .
  • the axial distance between the first pivot portion 412 and the fourth pivot portion 422 is small.
  • the switching member 7 is in a stable first position.
  • the stop portion 71 is flush with the lower surface of the driving tooth 21 or protrudes from the lower surface of the driving tooth 21 .
  • the firing pawl 31 is in a first state away from the first driving part of the rack 2 .
  • the stop surface of the stop part 71 is a surface extending along the length direction of the stapler.
  • the The stop surface of the stop portion 71 is flush with the lower surface of the drive teeth 21 of the first drive portion.
  • the second side surface of the rack 2 is a regular surface as an example for description.
  • the longitudinal distance between the second side of the rack 2 and the side of the driving tooth 21 facing the firing pawl 31 is d1, that is, the top end of the rack 2 and the top end of the driving tooth 21
  • the longitudinal distance between the bottom ends is d1.
  • the longitudinal distance between the second side of the rack 2 and the stop surface is also equal to d1, that is, the longitudinal distance between the top end of the rack 2 and the bottom end of the stop portion 71 is also equal to d1.
  • the stop surface of the stop portion 71 protrudes from the lower surface of the drive teeth 21 of the first drive portion.
  • the second side surface of the rack 2 is a regular surface as an example.
  • the stop portion 71 is flush with the lower surface of the driving tooth 21 .
  • the longitudinal distance between the second side of the rack 2 and the side of the driving tooth 21 facing the firing pawl 31 is d1, and the distance between the second side of the rack 2 and the stop surface is d1.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 only illustrate the positional relationship between the rack 2 and the switching member 7 by selecting the second side surface of the rack 2 as a regular surface.
  • the second side surface of the rack 2 may be an irregular surface, such as a slope, or a concave and convex surface, etc., then d1 and d2 are expressed as the The distance between the same point and the driving teeth 21 and the stop surface respectively is Leave.
  • the switching member 7 is provided on one side of the rack 2 in the transverse direction.
  • the stopper portion 71 When the switching member 7 is in the first position, in the transverse direction (S3 direction), the stopper portion 71 is at least partially located on one side of the first driving portion of the rack 2 in the transverse direction. That is, a second plane perpendicular to the direction S3 is set, and the orthographic projection of the stopper 71 on the second plane at least partially coincides with the orthographic projection of the first driving part of the rack 2 on the second plane. Therefore, when the switching member 7 is in the first position and the firing pawl 31 is in the second state, the firing pawl 31 of the firing handle 3 resists the stopper 71 . The stop portion 71 blocks the engagement of the firing pawl 31 with the driving teeth 21 of the first driving portion.
  • the firing pawl 31 In the state of Figure 2, hold the firing handle 3, rotate the firing handle 3 in the first direction (the R1 direction in Figure 2, that is, the counterclockwise direction from the perspective of Figure 2), the firing pawl 31 first enters the second state, and It resists the stop surface of the stop part 71 , that is, enters the state shown in FIG. 3 , and then the firing pawl 31 moves in the distal direction along the stop surface of the stop part 71 without Will act on the drive tooth 21.
  • the stop surface is a continuous smooth surface along the axial direction of the stapler, making the movement of the firing pawl 31 smoother. Therefore, the stapler will not be fired at this time, thus avoiding misfiring when the stapler does not reach a firing state.
  • the first closing driving part 32 drives the first rod 41 upward, so that the second pivot part 413 and the third pivot part 421 moves upward to a position close to the rack 2, and the link assembly 4 enters the second equilibrium state.
  • the axial distance between the first pivot portion 412 and the fourth pivot portion 422 increases, and the fourth pivot portion 422 drives the closing driving assembly 51 to move in the proximal direction.
  • the closing driving assembly 51 drives the closing pull tab 53 to move in the proximal direction, and compresses the closing return spring 52 to generate elastic deformation.
  • the closing pull tab 53 moves toward the proximal direction to close the nail head, so that the stapler enters a firing state.
  • the switching member 7 when the switching member 7 is driven from the first state to the second state, it moves in the distal direction along the stop surface of the stop portion 71 and is located at the distal end of the stop surface.
  • the drive teeth 21 on the side engage.
  • the firing pawl 31 returns to the first state.
  • the stapler is in a firing state.
  • the firing handle 3 is held and rotated in the first direction R1, so that when the firing pawl 31 enters the second state from the first state, the firing pawl 31 first at least partially enters the Located between two adjacent driving teeth 21 on the distal side of the stop surface, the driving teeth 21 are meshed with each other, and then the driving teeth 21 are driven to move toward the distal side, thereby driving the rack. 2.
  • the rack 2 can be pulled back to its original position, that is, the position of the rack 2 shown in Figure 2, by operating the retraction lever 6 to move in the proximal direction.
  • the connecting rod assembly 4 can be driven to return to the first equilibrium state from the second equilibrium state, and the closing driving assembly 51 and the closing pull tab 53 can be driven to move in the distal direction to open the nail head.
  • the closing driving assembly 51 drives the switching member 7 to return to the first position shown in FIG. 2 , the stop 71 is located on the lateral side of the first driving part of the rack 2 , and the stop The stop surface of the portion 71 protrudes from the lower surface of the driving tooth 21 or is flush with the lower surface of the driving tooth 21 .
  • the switching member 7 prevents the firing pawl 31 from entering the second state from engaging with the driving teeth 21 of the first driving part. Even if the firing handle 3 is held again, the stapler will not be fired again.
  • the driving switching member 7 moves from the first position to the second position through the movement of the closing driving assembly 51 in the proximal direction. In this way, the switching member 7 can be driven to switch simultaneously during the closing process of the nail head. Realizes the switching of the stapler between the two working modes of closing and firing.
  • other structures may also be used to drive the switching member 7 from the first position to the second position.
  • a separate driving member that can be manually operated by the user is provided, and the driving member is fixedly connected to the switching member.
  • the switching member When the switching member is in the first position and the stapler is in a firing state, the user manually operates the driving member to move in the proximal direction. , the switching member can be driven to move toward the proximal direction and enter the second position.
  • Figures 15 to 26 show the structure of the firing switching mechanism of the second embodiment of the present application.
  • the firing switching mechanism includes a firing handle 3, an actuating rod and a switching member 7.
  • the firing switching mechanism has a third state in which the stapler can be fired and a fourth state in which the stapler cannot be fired.
  • the firing handle 3 is rotatably connected to the housing 13 of the stapler. When the firing handle 3 is held, it rotates counterclockwise in Figure 15 to approach the fixed handle and drives the handle return spring 15 Elastic deformation occurs, and the handle return spring 15 may be a tension spring, for example, but the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the firing handle 3 When releasing the firing handle 3, Under the action of the deformation restoring force of the handle return spring 15, the firing handle 3 can rotate clockwise in Figure 15 away from the fixed handle and return to its original position.
  • the firing handle 3 is provided with a firing piece on one side facing the actuating rod.
  • the firing member is a firing pawl 31 rotatably connected to the firing handle 3 .
  • the firing pawl 31 can be driven to move from a first state away from the first driving part to a second state close to the first driving part.
  • the first state of the firing pawl 31 is shown in Figure 15, and the second state is shown in Figure 22.
  • the firing pawl 31 at least partially enters the firing handle 3 , and a bias spring is provided between the part entering the firing handle 3 and the firing handle 3 .
  • the firing handle 3 in its initial position, and the firing pawl 31 is set in a first state away from the first driving part.
  • the operator holds the firing handle 3 so that when the firing handle 3 rotates from its initial position toward the fixed handle, the firing pawl 31 rotates accordingly and under the action of the bias spring Rotate downward in a direction close to the first driving part to enter the second state.
  • the firing pawl 31 in the initial state, may be blocked by the limiting member and be in a first state away from the first driving part.
  • the limiting member may be provided at the proximal end or the distal end of the firing pawl 31 , and may be provided, for example, on the housing 13 , or on other components that are stationary relative to the housing 13 .
  • the actuating rod is a rack 2 .
  • the rack 2 includes a first driving part disposed opposite to the firing pawl 31 , and at least one driving tooth 21 is provided on one side of the first driving part toward the firing handle 3 .
  • the rack 2 includes a first driving part opposite to the firing pawl 31 , and the first driving part of the rack 2 is provided with at least one driving tooth 21 .
  • the switching member 7 includes a fixing part 74 , a body part 72 and a stopper part 71 which are arranged in sequence from the proximal end to the distal end.
  • the fixing part 74 of the switching member 7 is provided with a through hole, and the fixing part 74 is rotatably fixed to the rotation shaft 133 of the housing 13 through the through hole. Therefore, the switching member 7 is rotatable relative to the rack 2 and switches between a first position and a second position when rotating relative to the rack 2 .
  • the housing 13 may be provided with a hole, and the fixed part 74 of the switching member 7 may be provided with a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft may be provided in the hole of the housing 13, so as to To achieve a rotatable connection of the switching member 7 relative to the housing 13 , or to provide a separate rotation axis, insert the fixing part 74 into the hole in the housing 13 at the same time.
  • the body part 72 is also connected to a first elastic member.
  • the first elastic member applies a biasing force to the stopper part 71 to protrude from the rack 2 , that is, to the stopper part 71 Apply a downward bias force.
  • the first elastic member is a tension spring 81 .
  • the body part 72 is also provided with a second tension spring fixing part 78, and the housing 13 of the stapler is also provided with a first tension spring fixing part 132.
  • the first tension spring fixing part 132 and the second tension spring fixing part 132 are
  • the tension spring 81 is provided between the spring fixing parts 78 .
  • the second tension spring fixing part 78 is located on the distal side of the fixing part 74 and is located on the distal side of the fixing part 74 and the stop portion 71 and located below the switching member 7 . Therefore, the tension spring 81 gives an oblique downward bias force to the second tension spring fixing portion 78 .
  • the stopper 71 moves in a direction away from the firing pawl 31 until it does not protrude from the rack 2, so The switching member 7 can be converted from the first position to the second position.
  • the stopper 71 moves in a direction close to the firing pawl 31.
  • the switching member 7 is switchable from the second position to the first position.
  • the first direction here refers to the clockwise direction
  • the second direction refers to the counterclockwise direction.
  • the stop portion 71 moves in a direction away from the firing pawl 31 , that is, the stop portion 71 moves in a direction away from the firing pawl 31 .
  • the stopper 71 moves upward, and the stopper 71 moves in a direction close to the firing pawl 31 , that is, the stopper 71 moves downward.
  • FIG. 15 to 19 show the first position of the switching member 7.
  • the stop portion 71 of the switching member 7 protrudes from the lower surface of the driving teeth 21 of the first driving portion of the rack 2.
  • the stopper 71 resists the firing pawl 31 and blocks the firing pawl 31 from the driving tooth. 21 is engaged, the firing pawl 31 cannot fire the stapler through the rack 2, thereby avoiding misfiring when the firing state is not reached.
  • FIG. 25 shows the second position of the switching member 7 , where the stop portion 71 no longer blocks the engagement of the firing pawl 31 and the driving tooth 21 .
  • the firing pawl 31 engages with the driving teeth 21 of the first driving part, and can be driven by the movement of the firing pawl 31
  • the rack 2 moves toward the distal side, thereby achieving normal firing of the stapler.
  • the firing switching mechanism also includes a closing drive mechanism, which includes a closing drive assembly 51, the closing pull tab 53 and the connecting rod assembly 4, so
  • the structure of the closing driving mechanism is the same as that of the first embodiment, and may be referred to above.
  • the connecting rod assembly 4 includes a first rod 41 and a second rod 42 .
  • the structure of the connecting rod assembly 4 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and may be referred to above.
  • the connecting rod assembly 4 includes a first equilibrium state as shown in FIG. 21 and a second equilibrium state as shown in FIG. 24 . These two states are two stable states of the connecting rod assembly 4 .
  • the firing handle 3 also includes a first closing driving part 32. When the connecting rod assembly 4 is in the first equilibrium state and the firing handle 3 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the first closing driving part 32 drives all The second closing driving portion 411 of the first rod 41 causes the link assembly 4 to enter the second equilibrium state.
  • the firing handle 3 in the initial state, the firing handle 3 is located at an initial position away from the fixed handle, and the firing pawl 31 is in the first state.
  • the connecting rod assembly 4 is in a first equilibrium state, and the The second pivot part 413 and the third pivot part 421 are located farther away from the rack 2 , and there is a smaller gap between the first pivot part 412 and the fourth pivot part 422 .
  • the nail head is in the open state.
  • the switching member 7 is in the first position, and the stop portion 71 is at least partially located on the lateral side of the first driving portion of the rack 2 .
  • the stop portion 71 is at least partially located on the lateral side of the first driving portion of the rack 2, which means that a first plane perpendicular to the S3 direction (a plane parallel to the S1 direction and the S2 direction) is set. ), the orthographic projection of the stopper 71 on the first plane at least partially coincides with the orthographic projection of the first position on the first plane.
  • the rack 2 includes a first side facing the firing pawl 31 and a second side facing away from the firing pawl 31 .
  • the first side and the second side of the rack 2 are the lower side and the upper side of the rack 2 respectively.
  • the stop portion 71 includes a stop surface facing the firing pawl 31.
  • the stop surface protrudes downward from the lower surface of the driving tooth 21, so as to The engagement between the firing pawl 31 and the driving tooth 21 is blocked.
  • the second side surface of the rack 2 as a regular surface as an example, the driving tooth 21 of the first driving part faces the side of the firing pawl 31 and the side thereof.
  • the longitudinal distance between the second sides of the rack 2 is d1, that is, the distance in the S2 direction between the lowest point of the driving tooth 21 and the highest point of the rack 2 is d1.
  • the longitudinal distance between the stop surface and the second side of the rack 2 is d2, and satisfies d1 ⁇ d2.
  • FIG. 18 only illustrates the positional relationship between the rack 2 and the switching member 7 by selecting the second side surface of the rack 2 as a regular surface.
  • the second side surface of the rack 2 may be an irregular surface, such as a slope, or a concave and convex surface, etc., then d1 and d2 are expressed as the The distance between the same point and the driving tooth 21 and the stop surface respectively.
  • the firing pawl 31 In the state of Figure 15, hold the firing handle 3, and the firing handle 3 rotates counterclockwise in Figure 15, driving the handle return spring 15 to elastically deform, and the firing switching mechanism first enters the state shown in Figure 22 , the firing pawl 31 enters the second state from the first state and resists the stop surface of the switching member 7 . In the state of Figure 22, further hold the firing handle 3, the firing pawl 31 moves against the stop surface, and the firing switching mechanism enters the state of Figure 23.
  • the stop surface is preferably a smooth surface, so that the movement of the firing pawl 31 is smoother. Since from the state of Figure 15 to the state of Figure 23, the firing pawl 31 is not engaged with the driving tooth 21, the rack 2 cannot be fired. The rack 2 is in its initial position and has no axial displacement.
  • the first closing driving part 32 of the firing handle 3 drives the second closing driving part 411 of the link assembly 4, so that the first rod 41 moves along the Rotate counterclockwise, the second pivot portion 413 and the third pivot portion 421 Moving upward to a position close to the rack 2, the axial distance between the first pivot portion 412 and the fourth pivot portion 422 increases, and the link assembly 4 enters the second equilibrium state.
  • the fourth pivot portion 422 drives the closing driving assembly 51 to move in the proximal direction, compressing the closing return spring 52 on the proximal side to elastically deform.
  • the closing driving assembly 51 drives the closing pull tab 53 to move toward the proximal direction to close the nail head, thereby completing the closing of the stapler.
  • the connecting rod assembly 4 is also provided with a first fitting portion 414.
  • the first fitting portion 414 is disposed on the first rod 41 or the second rod 42 toward the rack. 2.
  • the first matching part 414 is provided on the first rod 41 as an example.
  • the body portion 72 of the switching member 7 is also provided with a second fitting portion 75 .
  • the second fitting portion 75 causes the switching member 7 to rotate in the clockwise direction, the tension spring 81 is stretched and elastically deformed, the stopper 71 moves upward, and the switching member 7 enters the second position.
  • the stop surface does not protrude from the lower surface of the driving tooth 21, so although the stop portion 71 is still on the rack 2 without blocking the engagement of the firing pawl 31 and the driving tooth 21 .
  • the second side surface of the rack 2 is a regular surface.
  • the longitudinal distance between the stop surface and the second side of the rack 2 is d3, and d3 ⁇ d1 is satisfied.
  • FIG. 25 only illustrates the positional relationship between the rack 2 and the switching member 7 by selecting the second side surface of the rack 2 as a regular surface.
  • the second side surface of the rack 2 may be an irregular surface, such as a slope, or a concave and convex surface, etc., then d1 and d3 are expressed as the The distance between the same point and the driving tooth 21 and the stop surface respectively.
  • the switching member 7 is an integrally formed rod-shaped component, and both the second tension spring fixing portion 78 and the second matching portion 75 can be convex bends on the rod-shaped component. form.
  • the switching member 7 may also be a combination of multiple components.
  • the firing handle 3 again so that the firing handle 3 rotates toward the fixed handle side, and the firing pawl 31 engages with the driving teeth 21 of the rack 2 . again When holding the firing handle 3, the firing handle 3 rotates in the counterclockwise direction. The firing pawl 31 first enters the second state to engage the driving teeth 21, and then drives the rack 2 to the distal end through the driving teeth 21. The stapler is fired by moving sideways to achieve normal firing of the stapler.
  • the rack 2 can be driven back to its original position. And drive the link assembly 4 to return to the first equilibrium state, the fourth pivot portion 422 drives the closing driving assembly 51 to move in the distal direction, and drives the closing pull tab 53 to move in the distal direction to open. Nail the head.
  • the connecting rod assembly 4 returns to the first equilibrium state, the first fitting part 414 no longer resists the second fitting part 75 , and under the action of the deformation restoring force of the tension spring 81 , the switching member 7 Rotate counterclockwise and return to the first position.
  • the stopper 71 once again protrudes downward from the lower surface of the driving tooth 21 to block the firing pawl 31 from contacting the driving tooth 21 of the rack 2 . Engagement.
  • the firing handle 3 drives the connecting rod assembly 4 from the first balance
  • the state enters the second equilibrium state to realize the closure of the nail head.
  • the stopper 71 enters the second state and resists the stopper 71 without engaging with the rack 2.
  • the stapler cannot be fired during this process, and the firing switching mechanism is in a third state in which the stapler cannot be fired.
  • the firing pawl 31 enters the second state and engages with the rack 2 and can drive the firing pawl 31 .
  • the rack 2 moves toward the distal side to activate the stapler, while keeping the nail head closed during this process. Therefore, the switching member 7 realizes switching control between the third state of the triggerable stapler and the fourth state of the non-fireable stapler of the firing switching mechanism.
  • the stapler is fired and the nail head returns from the closed state to the open state, that is, when the link assembly 4 returns from the second equilibrium state to the first equilibrium state, the stopper The stopper 71 returns to the first state from the second state, and the stopper 71 returns to protruding from the actuating rod again.
  • FIG. 27 it is a schematic structural diagram of the switching member 7 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fixed part 74 of the switching member 7 is rotatably fixed to the sleeve 512.
  • the fixed part 74 may be provided with a rotating shaft, and the sleeve 512 is provided with a hole for the rotating shaft to be inserted, or the sleeve 512 is provided with a rotating shaft which is inserted into the hole on the fixed part 74, or a separate rotating shaft is provided and the sleeve 512 and the fixed part are inserted at the same time. hole on the bottom 74.
  • the tension spring 81 may be connected between the second tension spring fixing part 78 and the first tension spring fixing part 132 of the housing 13 , or the tension spring 81 may also be It is connected between the second tension spring fixing part 78 and the sleeve 512 . All other components of the third embodiment except the switching member 7 can adopt the corresponding structures in the second embodiment.
  • FIG 28 it is a schematic structural diagram of the switching member 7 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the second tension spring fixing part 78 of the switching member 7 is located on the proximal side of the fixing part 74 , and the tension spring 81 is located above the switching member 7 , so the tension spring 81 gives an oblique upward biasing force to the second tension spring fixing part 78, and can also give a downward biasing force to the stopper part 71.
  • the tension spring 81 may be connected between the second tension spring fixing part 78 and the first tension spring fixing part 132 of the housing 13 , or the tension spring 81 may also be Connected between the second tension spring fixing part 78 and the sleeve 512 .
  • the fixing part 74 is rotatably fixed to the sleeve 512 or the housing 13 . Except for the switching member 7 and the tension spring 81 , all other components of the fourth embodiment can adopt the corresponding structures in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 29 it is a schematic structural diagram of the switching member 7 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first elastic member is a compression spring 82
  • both ends of the compression spring 82 are respectively connected to the compression spring fixing part 76 of the switching member 7 and the shell.
  • between the bodies 13 , or the two ends of the compression spring 82 are respectively connected to the compression spring fixing part 76 and the sleeve 512 .
  • the compression spring 82 is located on the distal side of the fixing part 74 and above the switching member 7 . Therefore, the compression spring 82 biases the stopper part 71 downward.
  • the compression spring 82 may also be disposed on the proximal side of the fixing part 74 , and the compression spring 82 may be disposed below the switching member 7 to provide the fixing
  • An upward biasing force on the proximal end side of the portion 74 is equivalent to a downward biasing force on the stopper portion 71 .
  • all other components of the fifth embodiment can adopt the corresponding structures in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 30 it is a schematic structural diagram of the switching member 7 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the switching member 7 is not provided with a second matching portion 75 .
  • the switching member 7 switches from the first position to the second position not through the link assembly 4 but through the adjustment portion 77 .
  • the adjusting portion 77 is connected to the proximal side of the fixing portion 74 and is located above the switching member 7 .
  • the adjusting part 77 drives the proximal end of the switching member 7 to move downward, driving the switching member 7 in the clockwise direction. Rotate, the stopper 71 moves upward and enters the second position.
  • the adjusting portion 77 can also be disposed on the proximal side of the fixing portion 74 and below the switching member 7 , the switching member 7 is in the first position and the adjusting portion 77 is in the first position.
  • the adjusting portion 77 drives the proximal side of the switching member 7 to move downward, driving the stop portion 71 to move upward and enter the second position.
  • the adjusting portion 77 may also be provided on the distal side of the fixed portion 74 and below the switching member 7 , the switching member 7 is in the first position and the adjusting portion 77 is moved toward When upwardly pushing up, the adjusting part 77 drives the stopper part 71 to move upward and enter the second position.
  • the adjusting portion 77 can also be disposed on the distal side of the fixed portion 74 and above the switching member 7 , when the switching member 7 is in the first position and the adjusting portion 77 is pulled upward. , the adjusting part 77 drives the stopper part 71 to move upward and enter the second position.
  • the first elastic member of the sixth embodiment may adopt the structure of the first elastic member of any one of the second embodiment, the third embodiment, the fourth embodiment, and the fifth embodiment, and the structures of other components may adopt the same structure. Structure of corresponding parts of the second embodiment.
  • the elastic member is not limited to the form of a tension spring or a compression spring, and may also adopt other elastic structures, such as elastic pieces, elastic pads, etc., and be arranged at corresponding positions as needed, all of which fall under the protection of the present invention. within the range.
  • Figures 31 to 42 are schematic structural diagrams of a firing switching mechanism according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • the firing switching mechanism includes the housing 13, the actuating rod, the switching part 7, the firing handle 3 and the firing part 801.
  • the actuating rod includes a rack 2, and a first driving part 201 is provided on one side of the rack 2 toward the firing handle 3.
  • the first driving part 201 is provided with at least one driver. Teeth 21.
  • the firing handle 3 includes a first end 301 close to the rack 2 and a second end 302 away from the rack 2 .
  • the firing part 801 is rotatably disposed on the first end 301 of the firing handle 3 , and the firing part 801 includes a second driving part 8011 and a second limiting part 8012 .
  • the housing 13 accommodates the rack 2 , the first end 301 of the firing handle 3 and the firing member 801 , and a first limiting portion 1301 is provided inside the housing 13 .
  • the firing member 801 can be switched between a first state away from the switching member 7 and a second state close to the switching member 7.
  • the firing member 801 shown in Figures 38 and 41 is in the first state.
  • the firing member 801 shown in Figures 39 and 42 is in the second state.
  • the firing member 801 in the second state is closer to the switching member 7 than the firing member 801 in the first state.
  • the second driving member in the second state The portion 8011 is closer to the rack 2 than the second driving portion 8011 in the first state.
  • the switching member 7 is movable in the axial direction of the stapler.
  • the switching member 7 is movable between a first position and a second position, and the second position is located on the proximal side of the first position.
  • Figures 31, 32, 38 and 39 show the first position of the switching member 7, and Figures 40 to 42 show the second position of the switching member 7.
  • the switching member 7 at least partially protrudes from the lower surface of the rack 2 on the distal side of the firing member 801 .
  • the firing handle 3 in the initial state, the firing handle 3 is not held and is in the initial third position.
  • the first limiting portion 1301 and the second limiting portion 8012 offset each other. Hold, so that the firing member 801 is in the first state away from the switching member 7 without interfering with the switching member 7 and the rack 2 Cooperate.
  • the stapler cannot be fired to avoid misfiring.
  • the switching member 7 is in the first position and holds the firing handle 3, so that when the firing handle 3 moves from the third position to the fourth position along the first direction R1, it drives The firing part 801 rotates along the first direction R1, so that the second limiting part 8012 is separated from the first limiting part 1301, and the firing part 801 enters the second position close to the switching part 7.
  • the firing member 801 resists the lower surface of the switching member 7 and moves in the distal direction without driving the rack 2, and thus the stapler will not be fired.
  • the housing 13 is fixedly provided with a handle shaft 1303, and the firing handle 3 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 13 through the handle shaft 1303. .
  • the handle rotating shaft 1303 may also be fixed on the firing handle 3, or the handle rotating shaft 1303 may be a separate shaft.
  • the firing member 801 is rotatably connected to the firing handle 3 through a firing member rotating shaft 803 .
  • the second limiting part 8012 and the second driving part 8011 are respectively located on the proximal end side and the distal end side of the firing member rotating shaft 803.
  • the firing member rotating shaft 803 may be fixed on the firing member 801, may be fixed on the firing handle 3, or may be a separate shaft.
  • the firing switching mechanism also includes a second elastic member, which gives the firing member 801 a biasing force to rotate in a second direction R2, which is opposite to the first direction R1.
  • a second elastic member which gives the firing member 801 a biasing force to rotate in a second direction R2, which is opposite to the first direction R1.
  • the second limiting portion 8012 of the firing member 801 resists the first limiting portion 1301, and the first limiting portion 1301 blocks the second limiting portion 8012.
  • the second elastic member undergoes elastic deformation.
  • the firing handle 3 is held and rotated along the first direction R1
  • the firing member 801 is driven to rotate along the first direction R1, causing the second limiting part 8012 to separate from the first limiting part 1301.
  • the firing member 801 Under the action of the elastic deformation restoring force of the second elastic member, the firing member 801 will also rotate along the second direction R2 and enter the second state from the first state.
  • the first direction R1 is a clockwise direction
  • the second direction R2 is a counterclockwise direction.
  • the second elastic member is a torsion spring 802 sleeved on the firing member rotating shaft 803, and the two pins of the torsion spring 802 respectively resist The firing member 801 and the firing handle 3.
  • the second elastic member can also adopt other structures, such as being provided on the firing handle. 3 and the firing part 801, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the firing part 801 and the firing handle 3.
  • the first limiting part 1301 is located on the proximal end side of the second limiting part 8012 .
  • the side surface of the first limiting part 1301 facing the firing member 801 is flat.
  • the proximal end surface of the second limiting part 8012 is at least partially connected to the far side of the first limiting part 1301.
  • the end faces are in contact with each other to provide a more stable resisting force to the second limiting portion 8012 in the initial state.
  • the housing 13 is also provided with a support part 1302.
  • the support part 1302 is fixed on the side of the first limiting part 1301 away from the firing member 801, so as to The structural stability of the first limiting part 1301 is improved, and the resisting effect of the first limiting part 1301 on the second limiting part 8012 is enhanced.
  • one end of the second limiting part 8012 is set higher than the first limiting part 1301, so that when the firing member 801 follows The firing handle 3 is easily separated from the first limiting portion 1301 during movement.
  • the stapler when the staple head of the stapler is in an open state or is closed but has not yet been closed, the stapler is in a non-firing state. When the staple head of the stapler is closed, the stapler is in a non-firing state. The stapler enters the firing state.
  • the interior of the stapler body is also provided with a connecting rod assembly 4, a closing drive assembly 51 and a closing pull tab 53 (shown in Figure 38).
  • the structure of the closing drive assembly 51 can be referred to Description of the first embodiment.
  • the closing process of the nail head 9 will be introduced below with reference to Figures 31-32.
  • the nail head 9 includes a nail anvil 91 and a nail cartridge assembly 92 arranged oppositely.
  • the nail anvil 91 has an open state relative to the nail cartridge assembly 92 and a closed state relative to the nail cartridge assembly 92 .
  • the proximal side of the nail anvil 91 is provided with an inclined first fitting groove 911
  • the proximal side of the nail cartridge assembly 92 is provided with an axially extending second fitting groove 921
  • a closing pin 93 is simultaneously provided in all the fitting grooves 911. in the first fitting groove 911 and the second fitting groove 921 .
  • the closing pull tab 53 is provided in the connecting rod 18 .
  • the distal end side of the closing tab 53 is connected to the closing pin 93 .
  • the closing pin 93 In the initial state, the closing pin 93 is located at the distal side of the second fitting groove 921, the anvil 91 is in the open state, and the stapler is in a non-firing state. Hold the firing handle 3, and drive the pivot point of the connecting rod assembly 4 and the closing driving assembly 51 to move in the proximal direction through the first closing driving part 32, and the closing driving assembly 51 drives the closing pull tab 53 to move proximally. Movement in the end-side direction, the closing pull tab 53 pulls the closing pin 93 to move from the distal side to the proximal side of the second fitting groove 921, and the nail anvil 91 enters the closed state. At this time, the The nail anvil 91 and the nail cartridge assembly 92 clamp the tissue.
  • the process in which the nail anvil 91 enters the closed state from the open state is called the closing process of the nail head 9, that is, the closing process of the stapler.
  • the stapler is in a firing state. During the firing process of the stapler, it is necessary to keep the nail head 9 closed.
  • the closing pin 93 When the closing pull tab 53 moves toward the distal side, the nail head 9 can be opened.
  • the distal end of the switching member 7 is provided with a stopper 71.
  • the stopper 71 protrudes beyond The driving tooth 21 of the first driving part 201 located on the distal side of the firing part 801 blocks the engagement of the firing part 801 with the rack 2.
  • Hold the firing handle 3 so that the firing part 801
  • the firing member 801 resists the stopper 71 of the switching member 7 and moves in the distal direction without driving the rack 2 and therefore does not fire the stapler.
  • the stopper 71 no longer protrudes in the height direction from the driving tooth 21 located at the distal end of the rack 2.
  • the firing component 801 When the firing When the component 801 enters the second state, the firing component 801 can engage with the driving tooth 21 to drive the rack 2 to move in the distal direction, thereby firing the stapler. Therefore, when the switching member 7 is in the first position, the stapler is in a non-firing state, and when the switching member 7 is in the second position, the stapler is in a firing state. Through the position change of the switching member 7, The stapler's firing state can be switched.
  • the switching member 7 can move relative to the rack 2 in the axial direction, and the switching of the switching member 7 can be achieved by closing the driving assembly 51 , that is, the switching member 7 is fixed on During the closing process of the nail head, the closing driving assembly 51 moves in the proximal direction and drives the switching member 7 to move in the proximal direction from the first position to the second position.
  • the switching member 7 can also be driven to move by another switching button, which is at least partially exposed outside the housing 13 and can be operated by the operator's hand.
  • another switching button which is at least partially exposed outside the housing 13 and can be operated by the operator's hand.
  • the switching member 7 In the initial state and during the first process of holding the firing handle 3 to close the nail head, the switching member 7 is kept in the first position. After the nail head is closed, the switching button is pulled to move the switching button in the proximal direction, thereby driving the switching member 7 to move in the proximal direction and enter the second position.
  • the connecting rod assembly 4 includes a first rod 41 and a second rod 42 .
  • the structure of the connecting rod assembly 4, the cooperation between the connecting rod assembly 4 and the closing drive assembly 51, and the cooperation between the connecting rod assembly 4 and the firing handle 3 can refer to the description of the first embodiment.
  • Figure 38 shows the structure of the firing switching mechanism in the initial state.
  • the firing handle 3 is in the third position
  • the connecting rod assembly 4 is in the first equilibrium state
  • the nail head is in the open state.
  • the switching member 7 is in the first position
  • the stop portion 71 at least partially protrudes from the driving tooth located at the distal end of the firing member 801 21.
  • the stapler is in a non-firing state.
  • the second limiting portion 8012 of the firing member 801 resists the first limiting portion 1301, and the first limiting portion 1301 blocks the movement of the second limiting portion 8012 in the second direction R2, thereby preventing the second limiting portion 8012 from moving in the second direction R2.
  • the firing member 801 is limited to a first state away from the switching member 7 , and the second driving part 8011 is away from the first driving part 201 .
  • the torsion spring 802 undergoes elastic torsional deformation under the action of the first limiting portion 1301 .
  • the first closing driving part 32 of the firing handle 3 drives the second closing driving part 411 of the link assembly 4, so that the pivot positions of the first rod 41 and the second rod 42 move toward the rack 2.
  • the second rod 42 drives the closing driving assembly 51 to move toward the proximal side to start closing the nail head.
  • the connecting rod assembly 4 is in a self-stable second equilibrium state. Even if the firing handle 3 is released, the firing handle 3 rotates counterclockwise under the action of the handle return spring 15 and returns to the third position. The first closing driving part 32 no longer resists the second closing driving part 411, and the link assembly 4 can still remain in the second equilibrium state, that is, enter the state of FIG. 41 . Moreover, during the movement of the closing driving assembly 51 in the proximal direction, the switching member 7 is driven to move in the proximal direction and reaches the second position. Therefore, the stapler enters the firing state, and the switching member The component 7 no longer protrudes from the driving tooth 21 on the distal side of the firing part 801, and will no longer block the cooperation between the firing part 801 and the rack 2.
  • the firing handle 3 is in the third position, and the second limiting part 8012 of the firing part 801 resists the first limiting part 1301 again, so that the firing part 801 returns to be away from the switching part 7 In the first state, the torsion spring 802 undergoes elastic torsional deformation again.
  • the second driving part 8011 will not mesh with the driving teeth 21 .
  • the firing handle 3 is held again, and the firing handle 3 is rotated in the first direction R1, so that the firing member 801 is separated from the first limiting portion 1301, and the state of Figure 42 is entered.
  • the firing member 801 escapes the action of the first limiting portion 1301, under the action of the elastic deformation restoring force of the torsion spring 802, it rotates along the second direction R2 and enters the second state.
  • the driving part 8011 is engaged with the driving teeth 21 on the distal side of the stopper part 71 .
  • the second driving part 8011 of the firing member 801 drives the rack 2 to the distal end. A certain distance of movement in the side direction causes the rack 2 to drive the stapler to fire.
  • the closing drive assembly 51 moves in the distal direction, driving the switching member 7 to move in the distal direction, and the switching member 7 enters the first position again.
  • the stapler re-enters the non-firing state.
  • the switching member 7 switches from the first position to the second position through axial movement.
  • the switching member 7 may also be rotatably connected to the shell.
  • the body 13 or the closing drive assembly 51 realizes switching between the first position and the second position of the switching member 7 through rotational movement.
  • FIG. 43 a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the switching member 7 and the connecting rod assembly 4 of the eighth embodiment is shown.
  • the switching member 7 extends along the length direction of the rack 2 , and the proximal end side of the switching member 7 is pivotally disposed on the housing 13 or the closing driving assembly 51 .
  • a stopper 71 is provided on the distal side of the switching member 7 .
  • the switching member 7 is provided with a second fitting portion 75 on one side facing the rack 2, and the connecting rod assembly 4 is provided with a first fitting portion 414.
  • the first fitting portion 414 is It is provided at the part of the first rod 41 facing the rack 2 .
  • the structure of the switching member 7 and the connecting rod assembly 4 in the eighth embodiment can be referred to the corresponding structures in the above-mentioned second to sixth embodiments, and will not be described again here.
  • the first limiting part 1301 is located on the proximal side of the second limiting part 8012. In another embodiment, the first limiting part may also be located above, on the distal side of the second limiting part 8012, or at other locations.
  • the shape of the first limiting part is not limited to the shape shown in the figure, but may be a circular cone, a square cone or other regular or irregular shaped structures.

Abstract

一种击发切换机构及医用吻合器,击发切换机构包括:致动杆;切换件(7),包括止挡部(71),切换件(7)可沿轴向从第一位置运动至第二位置;击发件,可被驱动地从远离致动杆的第一状态运动至靠近驱动部的第二状态;当切换件(7)处于第一位置,且击发件被驱动从第一状态进入第二状态时,击发件与止挡部(71)相抵持,击发件不驱动致动杆;当切换件(7)处于第二位置,且击发件被驱动从第一状态进入第二状态时,击发件驱动致动杆向远端侧方向运动。通过采用本装置,在切换件(7)处于第一状态时,击发部无法击发吻合器,避免在未达到可击发状态时的误击发。

Description

击发切换机构及医用吻合器 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域,具体涉及一种击发切换机构及医用吻合器。
背景技术
医用吻合器包括医用吻合器本体、活动连接所述医用吻合器本体的击发把手以及与所述本体配合的钉头部。所述钉头部包括相对设置的钉仓组件和钉砧。在手术时,首先握持击发把手,通过闭合驱动机构拉动闭合拉片向吻合器的近端侧运动,从而将钉仓组件和钉砧闭合而达到可击发状态。在可击发状态下,再次握持击发把手,通过击发把手的击发件驱动致动杆向远端侧方向运动,进而推动吻合钉向组织运动,通过钉仓组件中的吻合钉在钉砧处的成型,将组织吻合,同时切刀向远端侧运动,而切割组织。
现有的医用吻合器中,在握持击发把手进行钉头部闭合的过程中,击发把手的击发件可能会与致动杆配合而驱动致动杆向远端侧方向运动,导致在未达到可击发状态时的误击发,导致手术失败。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种击发切换机构及医用吻合器,在切换件处于第一位置时,击发件无法击发吻合器,避免在未达到可击发状态时的误击发。
本发明实施例提供一种击发切换机构,用于医用吻合器,所述击发切换机构包括:致动杆;切换件,包括止挡部,所述切换件配置为在第一位置和第二位置之间运动;击发件,配置为可被驱动地从远离所述致动杆的第一状态运动至靠近所述致动杆的第二状态;当所述切换件处于所述第一位置,且所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件与所述止挡部相抵持而不驱动所述致动杆;当所述切换件处于所述第二位置,且所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件驱动所述致动杆向远端侧方向运动。
在一些实施例中,所述致动杆包括第一驱动部,且所述第一驱动部设置有至少一个驱动齿;当所述切换件处于所述第一位置,且所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述止挡部阻挡所述击发件与所述驱动齿啮合;当所述切换件处 于所述第二位置,且所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件与所述驱动齿啮合。
在一些实施例中,所述切换件配置为可沿所述吻合器的轴向在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间运动,且所述第一位置位于所述第二位置的远端侧。
在一些实施例中,所述切换件的止挡部包括朝向所述击发件的止挡面,所述切换件处于所述第一位置时,所述止挡面突出于所述驱动齿朝向所述击发件的一侧,或与所述驱动齿朝向所述击发件的一侧平齐;所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件与所述止挡面相抵持;所述止挡面在沿所述吻合器的轴向方向为连续平滑面。
在一些实施例中,所述切换件处于所述第一位置时,所述止挡部至少部分位于所述致动杆的第一驱动部在横向上的一侧,所述切换件沿所述轴向方向向近端侧运动后,所述切换件进入所述第二位置,且当所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态后,所述击发件与位于所述止挡部远端的所述驱动齿啮合。
在一些实施例中,还包括闭合驱动组件和闭合拉片,所述闭合驱动组件可驱动所述闭合拉片沿所述吻合器的轴向运动;所述切换件处于所述第一位置且所述闭合驱动组件向近端侧方向运动时,所述闭合驱动组件驱动所述切换件向近端侧方向运动而进入所述第二位置。
在一些实施例中,所述闭合驱动组件至少部分位于所述致动杆的近端侧,所述切换件通过连接固定部连接于所述闭合驱动组件,且所述连接固定部位于所述止挡部的近端侧。
在一些实施例中,所述闭合驱动组件还包括闭合拉杆和轴套,所述轴套至少部分位于所述闭合拉杆的近端侧,所述切换件的连接固定部固定于所述轴套。
在一些实施例中,所述切换件还包括位于所述止挡部和所述连接固定部之间的本体部,所述止挡部相对于所述本体部朝向所述击发件的一侧突出。
在一些实施例中,所述吻合器的壳体上设置有第一导向部,所述切换件上设置有第二导向部,所述第一导向部引导所述第二导向部的轴向运动。
在一些实施例中,所述第一导向部和所述第二导向部中的一个为沿轴向延伸的第一导向槽,另一个为嵌设于所述第一导向槽中的导向销;
所述致动杆上设置有第三导向部,所述第三导向部为沿轴向延伸的第二导向槽,所述导向销嵌设于所述第二导向槽中。
在一些实施例中,还包括击发把手,所述击发件为设置于所述击发把手朝向所述致动杆的一侧的击发棘爪,所述击发把手沿第一方向旋转时,所述击发件从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态;所述击发切换机构还包括连杆组件、闭合驱动组件和闭合拉片,所述击发把手沿所述第一方向旋转时驱动所述连杆组件至少部分向近端侧运动,以驱动所述闭合驱动组件和所述闭合拉片向近端侧方向运动。
在一些实施例中,所述切换件配置为相对于所述致动杆在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间可旋转地设置。
在一些实施例中,还包括闭合驱动组件和闭合拉片,所述闭合拉片的近端侧固定于所述闭合驱动组件,所述切换件包括固定部,所述固定部可旋转地固定于所述吻合器的壳体或所述闭合驱动组件。
在一些实施例中,还包括第一弹性件,所述第一弹性件给所述止挡部施加使其突出于所述致动杆的偏置力;所述第一弹性件为拉簧或压簧,所述第一弹性件的一端固定于所述切换件,另一端固定于所述吻合器的壳体或所述闭合驱动组件。
在一些实施例中,所述击发切换机构还包括第一配合部,所述切换件还包括第二配合部,所述第一配合部可驱动所述第二配合部旋转而使所述切换件从所述第一位置进入所述第二位置。
在一些实施例中,所述第二配合部和所述止挡部分别位于所述固定部的远端侧,所述第一配合部驱动所述第二配合部朝远离所述击发件的方向运动时,所述止挡部朝远离所述击发件的方向运动从所述第一位置进入所述第二位置而不突出于所述致动杆;或,所述第二配合部和所述止挡部分别位于所述固定部的近端侧和远端侧,所述第一配合部驱动所述第二配合部朝靠近所述击发件的方向运动时,所述止挡部朝远离所述击发件的方向运动从所述第一位置进入所述第二位置而不突出于所述致动杆。
在一些实施例中,还包括连杆组件,所述连杆组件的一端枢转连接于所述吻合器的壳体,另一端枢转连接于所述闭合驱动组件,所述连杆组件具有第一平衡状态和第二平衡状态;所述连杆组件设置有所述第一配合部,所述连杆组件从所述第一平衡状态进入所述第二平衡状态时,所述连杆组件驱动所述闭合驱动组件向近端侧方向运动,且所述第一配合部驱动所述第二配合部旋转而使所述切换件从所述第一位置进入所述第二位置。
在一些实施例中,所述连杆组件包括在枢轴连接的第一杆和第二杆,所述第一配合部为设置于所述第一杆或所述第二杆朝向所述致动杆一侧的凸起部。
在一些实施例中,还包括壳体和击发把手,所述击发把手可被驱动而在第三位置和第四位置之间运动,所述壳体设有第一限位部,所述击发件枢轴设于所述击发把手,所述击发件设置有第二限位部;所述切换件处于所述第一位置,且所述击发把手从所述第三位置向所述第四位置运动时,所述第二限位部与所述第一限位部分离,所述击发件进入所述第二状态,所述击发件抵持于所述切换件运动而不驱动所述致动杆;
所述切换件处于所述第二位置,且所述击发把手从所述第三位置向所述第四位置运动时,所述第二限位部与所述第一限位部分离,所述击发件进入所述第二状态而与所述致动杆配合,并驱动所述致动杆向远端侧方向运动。
在一些实施例中,所述击发把手从所述第三位置沿第一方向向所述第四位置运动时,带动所述击发件沿第一方向运动而使得所述第二限位部与所述第一限位部分离后,所述击发件沿第二方向旋转而进入所述第二状态,所述第二方向与所述第一方向相反。
在一些实施例中,所述击发件包括第二驱动部,当所述切换件处于所述第二位置,所述击发把手从所述第三位置向所述第四位置运动时,所述第二驱动部沿所述第二方向运动至与所述驱动齿啮合;所述第二限位部位于所述第二驱动部的近端侧,所述第一限位部位于所述第二限位部的近端侧。
在一些实施例中,还包括第二弹性件,所述第二弹性件给所述击发件施加一个沿所述第二方向的偏置力。
在一些实施例中,所述第一限位部朝向所述击发件的一侧表面为平面,所述击发把手处于所述第三位置时,所述第二限位部至少部分贴合于所述第一限位部朝向所述击发件的一侧表面。
在一些实施例中,所述壳体还设置有支撑部,所述支撑部固定于所述第一限位部远离所述击发件的一侧。
本发明实施例还提供一种医用吻合器,包括上述的击发切换机构。
本发明所提供的击发切换机构及医用吻合器具有如下优点:
本发明在击发切换机构中设置切换件,在吻合器未达到可击发状态时,切换件处于第一位置,切换件阻挡击发件与致动杆的驱动齿之间的啮合,击发件无法击发吻合器,避免在未达到可击发状态时的误击发,在吻合器达到可击发状态后,可以驱动切换件进入第二位置,此时切换件不再阻挡击发件与致动杆的驱动齿之间的啮合,通过击发件沿第一方向的运动可以实现吻合器的正常击发,提升手术安全性和手术效果。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显。
图1是本发明第一实施例的医用吻合器的结构示意图;
图2是本发明第一实施例的吻合器未闭合时击发切换机构的结构示意图;
图3是本发明第一实施例的吻合器闭合过程中击发切换机构的结构示意图;
图4是本发明第一实施例的齿条和闭合驱动组件配合的示意图;
图5是本发明第一实施例的连杆组件配合的示意图;
图6是本发明第一实施例的离合片和轴套配合的示意图;
图7是本发明第一实施例的齿条和闭合拉杆配合的示意图;
图8是本发明第一实施例的齿条和离合片配合的示意图;
图9是本发明第一实施例的击发切换机构与壳体配合的示意图;
图10是本发明第一实施例的齿条的结构示意图;
图11是本发明第一实施例的吻合器未闭合时齿条和切换件的仰视图;
图12是本发明第一实施例的吻合器闭合后击发切换机构的结构示意图;
图13是本发明第一实施例的吻合器闭合后齿条和切换件的仰视图;
图14是本发明第一实施例的吻合器闭合后进行吻合器击发时击发切换机构的结构示意图;
图15是本发明第二实施例的切换件在第一位置时,击发切换机构的局部结构示意图;
图16是本发明第二实施例的切换件在第一位置时,齿条和闭合驱动组件配合的结构示意图;
图17是本发明第二实施例的齿条和切换件配合的仰视图;
图18是本发明第二实施例的齿条和切换件配合的结构示意图;
图19是本发明第二实施例的吻合器壳体的局部结构示意图;
图20是本发明第二实施例的切换件和拉簧配合的结构示意图;
图21是本发明第二实施例的闭合驱动机构的局部结构示意图;
图22是本发明第二实施例的切换件在第一位置且击发把手旋转过程中的闭合驱动机构的结构示意图;
图23是本发明第二实施例的切换件进入第二位置时击发切换机构的结构示意图;
图24是本发明第二实施例的切换件进入第二位置时,闭合驱动机构的局部结构示意图;
图25是本发明第二实施例的切换件进入第二位置时,齿条和闭合驱动组件配合的结构示意图;
图26是本发明第二实施例的切换件在第二位置且击发把手复位后,击发切换机构的局部结构示意图;
图27是本发明第三实施例的切换件的结构示意图;
图28是本发明第四实施例的切换件和拉簧配合的结构示意图;
图29是本发明第五实施例的切换件和压簧配合的结构示意图;
图30是本发明第六实施例的切换件和拉簧配合的结构示意图;
图31是本发明第七实施例的吻合器本体去除一侧壳体的结构示意图;
图32是本发明第七实施例的吻合器本体去除一侧壳体的局部结构示意图;
图33是本发明第七实施例的击发把手和击发件配合的结构示意图;
图34是本发明第七实施例的击发件与壳体配合的结构示意图;
图35是本发明第七实施例的击发件与壳体配合的结构示意图;
图36是本发明第七实施例的壳体的结构示意图;
图37是本发明第七实施例的连杆组件和闭合驱动组件配合的结构示意图;
图38是本发明第七实施例的连杆组件处于第一平衡状态时击发切换机构的结构示意图;
图39是本发明第七实施例的连杆组件向第二平衡状态转换过程中击发切换机构的结构示意图;
图40是本发明第七实施例的连杆组件进入第二平衡状态后击发切换机构的结构示意图;
图41是本发明第七实施例的连杆组件进入第二平衡状态且击发把手复位后击发切换机构的结构示意图;
图42是本发明第七实施例的再次握持击发把手的过程中击发切换机构的结构示意图;
图43是本发明第八实施例的切换件与连杆组件配合的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而,示例实施方式能够以多种形 式实施,且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式;相反,提供这些实施方式使得本发明将全面和完整,并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。在图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构,因而将省略对它们的重复描述。说明书中的“或”、“或者”均可能表示“和”或者“或”。虽然本说明书中可使用术语“上”、“下”、“之间”等来描述本发明的不同示例性特征和元件,但是这些术语用于本文中仅出于方便,例如根据附图中所述的示例的方向。本说明书中的任何内容都不应理解为需要结构的特定三维方向才落入本发明的范围内。本说明书中虽然采用“第一”、“第二”、“第三”或“第四”等来表示某些特征,但其仅为表示作用,而作为具体特征的数量和重要性的限制。
本发明提供了一种用于医用吻合器的击发切换机构和包括其的医用吻合器。所述击发切换机构包括:致动杆;切换件,包括止挡部,所述切换件配置为在第一位置和第二位置之间运动;以及击发件,可被驱动地从远离所述致动杆的第一状态运动至靠近所述致动杆的第二状态。当所述切换件处于所述第一位置,且所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件与所述止挡部相抵持而不驱动所述致动杆,此时击发件无法驱动所述吻合器的致动杆向远端运动使得所述吻合器击发,避免在未达到可击发状态时的误击发。
在吻合器达到可击发状态后,可以驱动所述切换件进入所述第二位置,此时切换件不再阻挡击发件与致动杆之间的配合。当所述切换件处于所述第二位置,且所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件驱动所述致动杆向远端侧方向运动,从而实现吻合器的正常击发。
下面结合附图详细介绍本发明各个具体实施例的医用吻合器和击发切换机构的结构,可以理解的是,各个具体实施例不作为本发明的保护范围的限制。
如图1所示,为本发明第一实施例的医用吻合器的结构示意图。在该实施例中,所述吻合器包括钉头部9和吻合器本体1。所述吻合器本体1包括壳体13、连接杆18、固定把手11和击发切换机构。所述钉头部9设置于所述吻合器本体1的连接杆18的远端侧。如图1所示,所述钉头部9包括相对设置的钉砧91和钉仓组件92,所述钉砧91具有相对于所述钉仓组件92打开的打开状态和相对于所述钉仓组件92闭合的闭合状态。所述钉砧91的近端侧设置有倾斜的第一配合槽911,所述钉仓组件92的近端侧设置有轴向延伸的第二配合槽921,一个闭合销93同时穿设于所述第一配合槽911和所述第二配合槽921中。所述连接杆18中设置有闭合拉片53(示出于 图3)。所述闭合拉片53的远端侧连接于所述闭合销93。初始状态下,所述闭合销93位于所述第二配合槽921的远端侧,所述钉砧91处于所述打开状态,所述吻合器处于不可击发状态。所述闭合拉片53拉动所述闭合销93从所述第二配合槽921的远端侧向近端侧运动时,所述钉砧91进入所述闭合状态,此时所述钉砧91和所述钉仓组件92夹紧组织。所述钉砧91从所述打开状态进入所述闭合状态的过程,称为所述钉头部9的闭合过程,也就是吻合器的闭合过程。在钉头部9闭合后,吻合器处于可击发状态。在所述吻合器击发的过程中,需要保持所述钉头部9闭合。在吻合器击发完成后,所述闭合销93和所述闭合拉片53向远端侧方向运动时,可以打开所述钉头部9。
在本发明中,远端侧和近端侧是相对于操作者来说的,距离操作者较近的一端为近端侧,距离操作者较远的一端,即更靠近手术位置的一端为远端侧,沿所述吻合器的轴心的方向为轴向,即从吻合器的远端侧到近端侧的方向,或从吻合器的近端侧到远端侧的方向。例如,在图1的视角中,对于吻合器来说,其远端侧为左边一侧,近端侧为右边一侧。图1中S1方向即为从吻合器的远端侧向近端侧的方向。定义S1方向或与S1方向相反的方向为吻合器的轴向。定义图2中的S2方向为纵向方向,即高度方向。定义图10中的S3方向为横向方向,即宽度方向。
如图2和图3所示,所述击发切换机构包括击发把手3、致动杆和切换件7。所述击发把手3朝向致动杆的一侧设置有击发件,在该第一实施例中,所述致动杆为齿条2,所述齿条2包括第一驱动部。所述击发件为可旋转地连接到所述击发把手3的击发棘爪31。所述击发棘爪31可被驱动地从远离所述第一驱动部的第一状态运动至靠近所述第一驱动部的第二状态,第一状态如图2所示,第二状态如图3所示。具体地,所述击发棘爪31至少部分进入所述击发把手3,并且进入所述击发把手3的部分与所述击发把手3之间设置有一个偏置弹簧。如图2所示,初始状态下,所述击发把手3位于其初始位置,所述击发棘爪31被设置为处于远离所述驱第一动部的第一状态。如图3所示,所述击发把手3被握持而使得所述击发把手3从其初始位置沿第一方向旋转时,所述击发棘爪31随之旋转并且在所述偏置弹簧的作用下向靠近所述第一驱动部的方向旋转,而进入所述第二状态。在一些实施例中,初始状态下所述击发棘爪31可被限位件所止挡而处于远离所述第一驱动部的第一状态,该限位件可以设置于击发棘爪31的近端或远端,其例如可以设置在壳体13上,或者其他相对于壳体13静止的部件上。在该第一实施例中,所述齿条2包括与所述击发棘爪31相对的 第一侧和背离所述击发棘爪31的第二侧。所述齿条2的第一侧和第二侧是在纵向(S2方向)上相对的两侧。在图2的视角中,所述齿条2的第一侧为下方一侧,第二侧为上方一侧。所述齿条2的第一侧包括与所述第二状态的击发棘爪31相对的第一驱动部。此处相对指的是所述齿条2的第一驱动部与所述第二状态的击发棘爪31在纵向上相对。即设定一垂直于纵向的第一平面,所述齿条2的第一驱动部在第一平面的正投影与处于第二状态的所述击发棘爪31在第一平面的正投影至少部分重合。所述齿条2的第一驱动部处设置有至少一个驱动齿21。所述齿条2除第一驱动部之外的位置(如齿条2在第一驱动部的近端侧位置)也可以设置有至少一个驱动齿21。
如图4~6所示,在该第一实施例中,所述切换件7包括从远端侧向近端侧依次设置的止挡部71、本体部72和连接固定部73,所述切换件7可以整体为一个沿所述吻合器轴向方向的杆状结构。所述止挡部71包括朝向所述击发棘爪31的止挡面。所述止挡部71相比于所述本体部72向下突出。在图4的视角中,所述止挡面即为所述止挡部71的下表面。所述切换件7可沿吻合器的轴向运动而在第一位置和第二位置之间切换,所述第一位置位于所述第二位置的远端。具体地,所述切换件7处于第一位置时,驱动所述切换件7向近端侧方向运动,可进入所述第二位置。图2~4中示出的为所述切换件7处于第一位置时的结构。图12~14中示出的为所述切换件7处于第二位置时的结构。如图3和图4所示,在吻合器未达到可击发状态时,所述切换件7处于所述第一位置,所述止挡部71突出于所述第一驱动部的驱动齿21的下表面或与所述第一驱动部的驱动齿21的下表面平齐,所述击发棘爪31在所述击发把手3的作用下从第一状态进入第二状态时,所述击发棘爪31与所述止挡部71相抵持,所述止挡部71阻挡所述击发棘爪31与所述驱动齿21啮合,击发棘爪31无法击发吻合器,避免在未达到可击发状态时的误击发。如图14所示,在吻合器达到可击发状态后,所述切换件7处于所述第二位置,所述止挡部71不阻挡所述击发棘爪31与第一驱动部的驱动齿21的啮合,击发棘爪31在击发把手3的作用下进入到第二状态后,可以与位于所述止挡部71远端的所述驱动齿21配合,并击发吻合器。
如图2~9所示,在该第一实施例中,所述切换件7从第一位置向第二位置的切换可以通过闭合驱动机构来实现。所述闭合驱动机构包括连杆组件4、闭合驱动组件51和所述闭合拉片53。所述连杆组件4包括第一杆41和第二杆42,所述第一杆41包括第一枢接部412、第二闭合驱动部411和第二枢接部413。所述第二杆42包括第三枢接部421和第四枢接部422。所述第一枢接部412通过第一销轴43可旋转地连 接于壳体13,因此,所述第一枢接部412相对于壳体13不会有轴向运动。所述第二枢接部413与所述第三枢接部421通过第二销轴44可旋转地连接。所述闭合驱动组件51包括闭合拉杆511、轴套512和闭合复位弹簧52。所述闭合拉杆511至少部分位于所述齿条2的近端侧,所述轴套512至少部分位于所述闭合拉杆511的近端侧。所述切换件7的连接固定部73通过一个连接销513固定连接于所述轴套512。所述轴套512还与所述闭合拉片53的近端侧固定连接。所述闭合拉杆511包括第五枢接部5111、第六枢接部5112和第一连接部5113,所述轴套512包括第二连接部5121。所述闭合拉杆511的第五枢接部5111与所述第二杆42的第四枢接部422通过第三销轴45可旋转地连接。所述闭合拉杆511的第六枢接部5112可旋转地连接于壳体13。所述第一连接部5113与所述第二连接部5121相配合,在第一连接部5113向近端侧方向运动时,驱动第二连接部5121向近端侧方向运动。在该第一实施例中,所述闭合驱动组件51的结构仅为示例,在其他的实施方式中,所述闭合驱动组件51也可以采用其他的结构,例如将所述闭合拉杆和所述轴套设置为一个一体成型的整体结构等,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
由于所述切换件7的连接固定部73固定于所述轴套512,在所述闭合驱动组件51向近端侧方向运动时,也会驱动所述切换件7向近端侧方向运动。如图9所示,所述壳体13上还设置有第一导向部131,所述切换件7的本体部72设置有第二导向部721。所述第一导向部131引导所述第二导向部721的轴向运动。在该第一实施例中,所述第一导向部131为导向柱,所述第二导向部721为沿轴向延伸的第一导向槽。所述导向柱嵌设于所述第一导向槽中,且可沿所述第一导向槽的延伸方向运动。通过所述导向柱和所述第一导向槽的配合,引导所述切换件7的轴向运动,且限制所述切换件7不能相对于壳体13有纵向的位移。如图10所示,所述齿条2的横向一侧还设置有第三导向部22,所述第三导向部22为第二导向槽,所述导向柱同时嵌设于所述第一导向槽和所述第二导向槽中,引导所述切换件7相对于所述齿条2的轴向运动。在另一实施方式中,也可以所述第二导向部为一个导向柱,所述第一导向部和所述第三导向部分别为导向槽,或者,所述第三导向部为导向槽,所述第一导向部和所述第二导向部分别为导向槽。所述导向柱插入到导向槽中,且可沿轴向运动。
如图2所示,所述击发把手3还包括第一闭合驱动部32。所述连杆组件4包括两个相对稳定的第一平衡状态和第二平衡状态。初始状态下,所述连杆组件4处于第一平衡状态,所述第一闭合驱动部32与所述第二闭合驱动部411抵持。所述钉头部 处于打开的状态。在握持击发把手3时,所述第一闭合驱动部32向上驱动第二闭合驱动部411,使得所述连杆组件4进入到如图12所示的第二平衡状态,所述第二枢接部413和所述第三枢接部421朝向所述齿条2的方向运动,所述第四枢接部422驱动闭合拉杆511和所述轴套512向近端侧方向运动,驱动所述闭合拉片53向近端侧方向运动而闭合钉头部。因此,所述闭合驱动机构可以实现钉头部的闭合。
在该第一实施例中,所述闭合驱动机构的结构仅为示例。在其他可替代的实施方式中,也可以不采用所述连杆组件,而选择其他的传动结构,可以实现驱动闭合拉片向近端侧方向运动而闭合钉头部即可。
下面结合图2~14具体说明在吻合器的各个阶段中该击发切换机构的工作过程。
如图2~11所示,在初始状态下,钉头部处于打开的状态,所述吻合器处于不可击发的状态。所述连杆组件4处于第一平衡状态。所述第二枢接部413和所述第三枢接部421处于一个远离齿条2的位置。所述第一枢接部412和所述第四枢接部422之间的轴向距离较小。所述切换件7处于一个稳定的第一位置。所述止挡部71与所述驱动齿21的下表面平齐或突出于所述驱动齿21的下表面。所述击发棘爪31处于远离所述齿条2的第一驱动部的第一状态。
如图7所示,在该第一实施例中,所述止挡部71的止挡面为沿所述吻合器的长度方向延伸的面,所述切换件7处于第一位置时,所述止挡部71的止挡面与所述第一驱动部的驱动齿21的下表面平齐。此处以所述齿条2的第二侧表面为规则表面为例进行说明。所述齿条2的第二侧与所述驱动齿21朝向所述击发棘爪31的一侧之间的纵向距离为d1,即所述齿条2的最顶端与所述驱动齿21的最底端之间的纵向距离为d1。所述齿条2的第二侧与所述止挡面之间的纵向距离也等于d1,即所述齿条2的最顶端与所述止挡部71的最底端的纵向距离也等于d1。如图8所示,在另一种实施方式中,所述切换件7处于第一位置时,所述止挡部71的止挡面突出于所述第一驱动部的驱动齿21的下表面。此处以所述齿条2的第二侧表面为规则表面为例进行说明,所述止挡部71与所述驱动齿21的下表面平齐。所述齿条2的第二侧与所述驱动齿21朝向所述击发棘爪31的一侧之间的纵向距离为d1,所述齿条2的第二侧与所述止挡面之间的纵向距离为d2,且d2>d1。图7和图8仅为选择齿条2的第二侧表面为规则表面为例说明齿条2与切换件7的位置关系。在其他的实施方式,所述齿条2的第二侧表面可以是不规则表面,例如是一个斜面,或者一个凹凸表面等,则d1、d2表示为所述齿条2的第二侧表面的同一点分别与所述驱动齿21、所述止挡面的距 离。如图11所示,所述切换件7设置于所述齿条2在横向上的一侧。所述切换件7处于第一位置时,在横向(S3方向)上,所述止挡部71至少部分位于所述齿条2的第一驱动部在横向上的一侧。即设定一个垂直于S3方向的第二平面,所述止挡部71在第二平面上的正投影与所述齿条2的第一驱动部在第二平面上的正投影至少部分重合。因此,所述切换件7处于第一位置且所述击发棘爪31处于第二状态时,所述击发把手3的击发棘爪31与所述止挡部71相抵持。所述止挡部71阻挡所述击发棘爪31与所述第一驱动部的驱动齿21的啮合。
在图2的状态下,握持击发把手3,击发把手3沿第一方向(图2中R1方向,即图2视角逆时针方向)旋转,击发棘爪31首先进入所述第二状态,而与所述止挡部71的止挡面相抵持,即进入到图3示出的状态,然后所述击发棘爪31沿所述止挡部71的止挡面向远端侧方向运动,而不会作用于驱动齿21。所述止挡面在沿所述吻合器的轴向方向为连续平滑面,使得所述击发棘爪31的运动更为顺畅。因此,此时不会击发吻合器,避免了在吻合器未达到可击发状态时的误击发。并且,在图2的状态下,握持击发把手3使得所述击发把手3朝向所述固定把手旋转时,所述把手复位弹簧15发生弹性变形,所述击发棘爪31从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态而抵持于所述切换件7,进入到图3示出的状态,此时进一步握持击发把手3,击发棘爪31抵持于切换件7的止挡面而运动,到达图12的状态。在图2到图12的过程中,所述击发棘爪31无法与齿条2啮合驱动,也就不会驱动吻合器。并且,从图2到图12的过程中,随着所述击发把手3的旋转,所述第一闭合驱动部32向上驱动第一杆41,使得第二枢接部413和第三枢接部421向上运动至一个靠近齿条2的位置,所述连杆组件4进入到第二平衡状态。所述第一枢接部412和所述第四枢接部422之间的轴向距离增大,所述第四枢接部422带动所述闭合驱动组件51向近端侧方向运动,所述闭合驱动组件51驱动闭合拉片53向近端侧方向运动,并压缩闭合复位弹簧52产生弹性变形。所述闭合拉片53向近端侧方向运动而闭合钉头部,使得所述吻合器进入到可击发状态。
如图12和图13所示,所述闭合驱动组件51向近端侧方向运动时,驱动所述切换件7向近端侧方向运动,而使得所述切换件7的止挡部71向近端侧运动,所述切换件7进入第二位置。由于此时所述连杆组件4处于一个自稳定的第二平衡状态,即使松开击发把手3,击发把手3在把手复位弹簧15的作用下返回到其初始位置,所述连杆组件4也可以保持在第二平衡状态,并且通过闭合驱动组件51将切换件7保 持在第二位置。此时,所述切换件7被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,沿所述止挡部71的止挡面向远端侧方向运动后与位于所述止挡面远端侧的所述驱动齿21啮合。并且,在松开击发把手3使得击发把手3返回其初始位置后,所述击发棘爪31重新返回到第一状态。此时吻合器处于可击发状态。如图14所示,所述击发把手3被握持沿第一方向R1旋转,而使得所述击发棘爪31从第一状态进入第二状态时,所述击发棘爪31首先至少部分进入到位于所述止挡面远端侧的相邻的两个驱动齿21之间而与所述驱动齿21实现啮合,然后驱动所述驱动齿21向远端侧方向运动,进而驱动所述齿条2向远端侧方向运动而击发吻合器。因此,在钉头部闭合之后,所述切换件7被保持在第二位置,不会影响吻合器的正常击发。
在吻合器击发完成后,通过操作回退拉杆6向近端侧方向运动,可以将所述齿条2拉回到其初始位置,即图2示出的齿条2的位置。同时,可以驱动所述连杆组件4从第二平衡状态返回到第一平衡状态,驱动所述闭合驱动组件51和所述闭合拉片53向远端侧方向运动,而打开钉头部。所述闭合驱动组件51驱动所述切换件7返回到图2示出的第一位置,所述止挡部71位于所述齿条2的第一驱动部的横向一侧,且所述止挡部71的止挡面突出于所述驱动齿21的下表面或与所述驱动齿21的下表面平齐。所述切换件7阻挡进入所述第二状态的所述击发棘爪31与所述第一驱动部的驱动齿21啮合,即使再次握持击发把手3,也不会再次击发吻合器。
以上的实施例中,均通过所述闭合驱动组件51向近端侧方向的运动,驱动切换件7从第一位置进入第二位置。这种方式可以实现在钉头部闭合的过程中,同时驱动切换件7的切换。实现吻合器在闭合和击发两种工作模式之间的切换。在另一实施例中,也可以通过其他结构来驱动切换件7从第一位置进入第二位置。例如,单独设置一个用户可以手动操作的驱动件,将该驱动件与切换件固定连接,切换件处于第一位置,且吻合器处于可击发状态时,用户手动操作驱动件向近端侧方向运动时,即可以驱动切换件向近端侧方向运动而进入第二位置。
图15~26示出了本申请第二实施例的击发切换机构的结构。如图15~18所示,在第二实施例中,所述击发切换机构包括击发把手3、致动杆和切换件7。所述击发切换机构具有能够击发吻合器的第三状态和不能击发吻合器的第四状态。所述击发把手3可旋转地连接于所述吻合器的壳体13,所述击发把手3被握持时,沿图15中逆时针方向旋转而靠近所述固定把手,并驱动把手复位弹簧15发生弹性变形,该把手复位弹簧15例如可以是一个拉簧,但本发明不限于此。松开所述击发把手3时,在 所述把手复位弹簧15的变形恢复力作用下,所述击发把手3可以沿图15中顺时针方向旋转而远离所述固定把手,返回其初始位置。所述击发把手3朝向所述致动杆的一侧设置有击发件。所述击发件为可旋转地连接至击发把手3的击发棘爪31。所述击发棘爪31可被驱动地从远离所述第一驱动部的第一状态运动至靠近所述第一驱动部的第二状态。所述击发棘爪31的第一状态如图15所示,第二状态如图22所示。具体地,所述击发棘爪31至少部分进入所述击发把手3,并且进入所述击发把手3的部分与所述击发把手3之间设置有一个偏置弹簧。如图15所示,初始状态下,所述击发把手3位于其初始位置,所述击发棘爪31被设置为处于远离所述第一驱动部的第一状态。如图16所示,操作者握持所述击发把手3,使得所述击发把手3从其初始位置朝向固定把手旋转时,所述击发棘爪31随之旋转并且在所述偏置弹簧的作用下向靠近所述第一驱动部的方向旋转,而进入所述第二状态。在一些实施例中,初始状态下所述击发棘爪31可被限位件所止挡而处于远离所述第一驱动部的第一状态。该限位件可以设置于击发棘爪31的近端或远端,其例如可以设置在壳体13上,或者其他相对于壳体13静止的部件上。在该实施例中,所述致动杆为齿条2。所述齿条2包括与所述击发棘爪31相对设置的所述第一驱动部,所述第一驱动部朝向所述击发把手3的一侧设置有至少一个驱动齿21。所述齿条2包括与所述击发棘爪31相对的第一驱动部,所述齿条2的第一驱动部设置有至少一个所述驱动齿21。
如图18和图19所示,所述切换件7包括从近端向远端依次设置的固定部74、本体部72和止挡部71。所述切换件7的固定部74中设置有通孔,所述固定部74通过所述通孔可旋转地固定于所述壳体13的旋转轴133。因此,所述切换件7可相对于所述齿条2旋转,并且在相对于所述齿条2旋转时,所述切换件7在第一位置和第二位置之间转换。在另一实施方式中,也可以所述壳体13上设置有孔,所述切换件7的固定部74设置有旋转轴,将所述旋转轴设置于所述壳体13的孔中,以实现所述切换件7相对于所述壳体13的可旋转连接,或者设置一个单独的旋转轴,同时插入所述固定部74和所述壳体13上的孔。所述本体部72还连接于一个第一弹性件,所述第一弹性件给所述止挡部71施加使其突出于所述齿条2的偏置力,即给所述止挡部71施加一个朝向下方的偏置力。在该实施例中,所述第一弹性件为一个拉簧81。所述本体部72还设置有第二拉簧固定部78,所述吻合器的壳体13还设置有第一拉簧固定部132,所述第一拉簧固定部132和所述第二拉簧固定部78之间设置有所述拉簧81。所述第二拉簧固定部78位于所述固定部74的远端侧,位于所述固定部74 和所述止挡部71之间,且位于所述切换件7的下方,因此,所述拉簧81给所述第二拉簧固定部78一个斜向下的偏置力。
所述切换件7处于第一位置且所述切换件7沿第一方向旋转时,所述止挡部71朝远离所述击发棘爪31的方向运动至不突出于所述齿条2,所述切换件7可从第一位置转换到第二位置,所述切换件7处于第二位置且沿第二方向旋转时,所述止挡部71朝靠近所述击发棘爪31的方向运动,所述切换件7可从第二位置转换到第一位置。在图15的视角中,此处第一方向指的是顺时针方向,第二方向指的是逆时针方向,所述止挡部71朝远离所述击发棘爪31的方向运动即所述止挡部71向上运动,所述止挡部71朝靠近所述击发棘爪31的方向运动即所述止挡部71向下运动。
图15~19示出的是切换件7的第一位置,此时切换件7的止挡部71突出于所述齿条2在第一驱动部的驱动齿21的下表面。所述击发把手3旋转而使得所述击发棘爪31进入所述第二状态时,所述止挡部71与所述击发棘爪31相抵持而阻挡所述击发棘爪31与所述驱动齿21啮合,所述击发棘爪31无法通过齿条2击发吻合器,从而避免了在未达到可击发状态时的误击发。图25示出的是所述切换件7的第二位置,所述止挡部71不再阻挡所述击发棘爪31与所述驱动齿21的啮合。所述击发把手3旋转而使得所述击发棘爪31进入所述第二状态时,所述击发棘爪31与所述第一驱动部的驱动齿21啮合,通过击发棘爪31的运动可以驱动齿条2向远端侧方向运动,进而实现吻合器的正常击发。
如图15和图21所示,在该实施例中,所述击发切换机构还包括闭合驱动机构,所述闭合驱动机构包括闭合驱动组件51、所述闭合拉片53和连杆组件4,所述闭合驱动机构的结构与第一实施例相同,可参照上文。
如图21所示,所述连杆组件4包括第一杆41和第二杆42。所述连杆组件4的结构与第一实施例相同,可参照上文。所述连杆组件4包括如图21示出的第一平衡状态和图24示出的第二平衡状态,该两个状态是所述连杆组件4的两个稳定状态。所述击发把手3还包括第一闭合驱动部32,所述连杆组件4处于所述第一平衡状态且所述击发把手3沿逆时针方向旋转时,所述第一闭合驱动部32驱动所述第一杆41的第二闭合驱动部411,使得所述连杆组件4进入所述第二平衡状态。
下面结合图15~26具体介绍该击发切换机构在不同状态下的工作过程。
如图15~21所示,在初始状态下,所述击发把手3位于远离固定把手的初始位置,所述击发棘爪31处于所述第一状态。所述连杆组件4处于第一平衡状态,所述 第二枢接部413和所述第三枢接部421位于一个距离齿条2较远的位置,所述第一枢接部412和所述第四枢接部422之间具有一个较小的轴向距离,所述钉头部处于打开状态。如图17所示,所述切换件7处于第一位置,且所述止挡部71至少部分位于所述齿条2的第一驱动部的横向一侧。此处所述止挡部71至少部分位于所述齿条2的第一驱动部的横向一侧指的是,设定一个垂直于S3方向的第一平面(平行于S1方向和S2方向的平面),所述止挡部71在第一平面的正投影与所述第一位置在第一平面的正投影至少部分重合。
如图18所示,所述齿条2包括朝向所述击发棘爪31的第一侧和背离所述击发棘爪31的第二侧。在图18的视角中,所述齿条2的第一侧和第二侧分别为所述齿条2的下侧和上侧。所述止挡部71包括朝向所述击发棘爪31一侧的止挡面,所述切换件7处于第一位置时,所述止挡面向下突出于所述驱动齿21的下表面,以阻挡所述击发棘爪31与所述驱动齿21之间的啮合。例如,在该实施例中,以所述齿条2的第二侧表面为规则表面为例进行说明,所述第一驱动部的驱动齿21朝向所述击发棘爪31的一侧与所述齿条2的第二侧之间的纵向距离为d1,即所述驱动齿21的最低点与所述齿条2的最高点之间在S2方向上的距离为d1。所述切换件7处于所述第一位置时,所述止挡面与所述齿条2的第二侧之间的纵向距离为d2,且满足d1<d2。图18仅为选择齿条2的第二侧表面为规则表面为例说明齿条2与切换件7的位置关系。在其他的实施方式,所述齿条2的第二侧表面可以是不规则表面,例如是一个斜面,或者一个凹凸表面等,则d1、d2表示为所述齿条2的第二侧表面的同一点分别与所述驱动齿21、所述止挡面的距离。
在图15的状态下,握持击发把手3,所述击发把手3沿图15中逆时针方向旋转,驱动把手复位弹簧15发生弹性变形,所述击发切换机构首先进入到图22所示的状态,所述击发棘爪31从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态而抵持于所述切换件7的止挡面。在图22的状态下,进一步握持击发把手3,所述击发棘爪31抵持于止挡面上运动,所述击发切换机构进入到图23的状态。所述止挡面优选为平滑表面,使得所述击发棘爪31的运动更加顺畅。由于从图15的状态到图23的状态中,所述击发棘爪31没有与驱动齿21啮合,也就无法击发齿条2,齿条2处于其初始位置,没有轴向上的位移,此时无法击发吻合器。同时,从图15的状态向图23的状态的转换过程中,所述击发把手3的第一闭合驱动部32驱动连杆组件4的第二闭合驱动部411,使得所述第一杆41沿逆时针方向旋转,所述第二枢接部413和所述第三枢接部421 向上运动至一个靠近齿条2的位置,所述第一枢接部412和所述第四枢接部422之间的轴向距离增大,所述连杆组件4进入所述第二平衡状态。所述第四枢接部422驱动闭合驱动组件51向近端侧方向运动,压缩近端侧的闭合复位弹簧52发生弹性变形。所述闭合驱动组件51驱动闭合拉片53向近端侧方向运动,以闭合钉头部,完成了吻合器的闭合。
进一步地,如图34~25所示,所述连杆组件4还设置有第一配合部414,所述第一配合部414为设置在第一杆41或第二杆42朝向所述齿条2的一侧的凸起部,此处以所述第一配合部414设置在第一杆41为例进行说明。所述切换件7的本体部72还设置有第二配合部75。伴随着所述钉头部的闭合,所述第二枢接部413和所述第三枢接部421向上运动,所述第一配合部414向远离所述击发棘爪31的方向驱动所述第二配合部75,使得所述切换件7沿顺时针方向旋转,所述拉簧81被拉伸而发生弹性变形,所述止挡部71向上运动,所述切换件7进入第二位置。如图25所示,所述切换件7处于所述第二位置时,所述止挡面不突出于所述驱动齿21的下表面,因此所述止挡部71虽然仍然在所述齿条2的横向一侧,而不会阻挡所述击发棘爪31与所述驱动齿21的啮合。例如,在该实施例中,以所述齿条2的第二侧表面为规则表面为例进行说明。在该实施例中,所述止挡面与所述齿条2的第二侧之间的纵向距离为d3,并且满足d3<d1。图25仅为选择齿条2的第二侧表面为规则表面为例说明齿条2与切换件7的位置关系。在其他的实施方式,所述齿条2的第二侧表面可以是不规则表面,例如是一个斜面,或者一个凹凸表面等,则d1、d3表示为所述齿条2的第二侧表面的同一点分别与所述驱动齿21、所述止挡面的距离。在该实施例中,所述切换件7为一个一体成型的杆状部件,所述第二拉簧固定部78和所述第二配合部75都可以是该杆状部件上的凸起折弯形成。但本发明不限于此。在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述切换件7也可以是多个部件的组合。
在图23~25的状态下,松开击发把手3,击发把手3会在把手复位弹簧15的弹性变形恢复力作用下顺时针旋转到其远离固定把手的初始位置,击发棘爪31也会受到限位件的作用再次返回到第一状态。此时所述击发切换机构的状态如图26所示。由于此时所述连杆组件4处于稳定的第二平衡状态,因此仍然可以保持在稳定的状态,即保持吻合器闭合的稳定性。并且,所述第一配合部414持续抵持所述第二配合部75,将所述切换件7保持在第二位置。此时,再次握持击发把手3,使得击发把手3朝向固定把手一侧旋转,所述击发棘爪31与所述齿条2的驱动齿21相啮合。再次 握持击发把手3时,击发把手3沿逆时针方向旋转,所述击发棘爪31首先进入到第二状态而啮合驱动齿21,然后通过所述驱动齿21驱动所述齿条2向远端侧方向运动而击发吻合器,实现吻合器的正常击发。
在吻合器击发完成后,可以驱动所述齿条2返回至其初始位置。并且驱动所述连杆组件4返回到第一平衡状态,所述第四枢接部422驱动所述闭合驱动组件51向远端侧方向运动,驱动闭合拉片53向远端侧方向运动而打开钉头部。在连杆组件4返回到第一平衡状态后,所述第一配合部414不再抵持所述第二配合部75,在所述拉簧81的变形恢复力作用下,所述切换件7逆时针方向旋转而重新返回至第一位置,所述止挡部71再次向下突出于所述驱动齿21的下表面,阻挡所述击发棘爪31与所述齿条2的驱动齿21相啮合。
因此,在该实施例中,所述切换件7处于所述第一位置且所述击发把手3被握持而旋转时,所述击发把手3驱动所述连杆组件4从所述第一平衡状态进入所述第二平衡状态,实现钉头部的闭合,所述止挡部71进入所述第二状态且抵持于所述止挡部71而不会与齿条2啮合,在所述止挡部71的阻挡下,此过程中不能击发吻合器,所述击发切换机构处于不能击发吻合器的第三状态。所述切换件7处于所述第二位置且所述击发把手3被握持而旋转时,所述击发棘爪31进入所述第二状态且与所述齿条2啮合,并可驱动所述齿条2向远端侧方向运动,实现吻合器的击发,此过程中保持钉头部的闭合。因此,该切换件7实现了击发切换机构的可击发吻合器的第三状态和不可击发吻合器的第四状态之间的转换控制。当所述吻合器击发完成后,所述钉头部从闭合状态返回至打开状态时,即所述连杆组件4从所述第二平衡状态返回至所述第一平衡状态时,所述止挡部71从所述第二状态返回至所述第一状态,所述止挡部71再次恢复至突出于所述致动杆。
如图27所示,为本发明第三实施例的切换件7的结构示意图。该实施例与第二实施例的区别在于:所述切换件7的固定部74可旋转地固定于所述轴套512,例如所述固定部74上可以设置有旋转轴,而所述轴套512上设置有旋转轴插入的孔,或者所述轴套512上设置有旋转轴,插入所述固定部74上的孔,或者单独设置一个旋转轴,同时插入所述轴套512和所述固定部74上的孔。在第三实施例中,所述拉簧81可以连接于所述第二拉簧固定部78和所述壳体13的第一拉簧固定部132之间,或者,所述拉簧81也可以连接于所述第二拉簧固定部78和所述轴套512之间。第三实施例的除了切换件7之外的其他各个部件均可以采用第二实施例中的对应结构。
如图28所示,为本发明第四实施例的切换件7的结构示意图。该实施例与第二实施例的区别在于:所述切换件7的第二拉簧固定部78位于所述固定部74的近端侧,且所述拉簧81位于所述切换件7的上方,因此所述拉簧81给所述第二拉簧固定部78一个斜向上方的偏置力,也就可以给所述止挡部71一个向下的偏置力。在第四实施例中,所述拉簧81可以连接于所述第二拉簧固定部78和所述壳体13的第一拉簧固定部132之间,或者,所述拉簧81也可以连接于所述第二拉簧固定部78和所述轴套512之间。所述固定部74可旋转地固定于所述轴套512或所述壳体13。第四实施例的除了切换件7和拉簧81之外的其他各个部件均可以采用第二实施例中的对应结构。
如图29所示,为本发明第五实施例的切换件7的结构示意图。该实施例与第二实施例的区别在于:所述第一弹性件为一个压簧82,所述压簧82的两端分别连接于所述切换件7的压簧固定部76和所述壳体13之间,或者,所述压簧82的两端分别连接于所述压簧固定部76和所述轴套512。所述压簧82位于所述固定部74的远端侧,且位于所述切换件7的上方,因此所述压簧82给所述止挡部71一个朝向下方的偏置力。在另一可替代的实施方式中,也可以将所述压簧82设置在所述固定部74的近端侧,且所述压簧82设置在所述切换件7的下方,给所述固定部74的近端侧一个朝向上方的偏置力,即相当于给所述止挡部71一个朝向下方的偏置力。第五实施例的除了切换件7和拉簧81之外的其他各个部件均可以采用第二实施例中的对应结构。
如图30所示,为本发明第六实施例的切换件7的结构示意图。该实施例与第二实施例的区别在于:所述切换件7未设置第二配合部75。所述切换件7从第一位置向第二位置的转换不是通过连杆组件4实现的,而是通过调节部77实现的。所述调节部77连接于所述固定部74的近端侧,且位于所述切换件7的上方。所述切换件7处于第一位置且所述调节部77被向下压时,所述调节部77驱动所述切换件7的近端侧向下方运动,带动所述切换件7沿顺时针方向旋转,所述止挡部71向上方运动而进入第二位置。
在其他可替代的实施方式中,所述调节部77也可以设置在所述固定部74的近端侧且位于所述切换件7的下方,所述切换件7处于第一位置且所述调节部77被向下拉时,所述调节部77驱动所述切换件7的近端侧向下方运动,带动所述止挡部71向上方运动而进入第二位置。或者,所述调节部77也可以设置于所述固定部74的远端侧且位于所述切换件7的下方,所述切换件7处于第一位置且所述调节部77被向 上顶起时,所述调节部77驱动所述止挡部71向上方运动而进入第二位置。或者,所述调节部77也可以设置于所述固定部74的远端侧且位于所述切换件7的上方,所述切换件7处于第一位置且所述调节部77被向上拉起时,所述调节部77驱动所述止挡部71向上方运动而进入第二位置。第六实施例的第一弹性件可以采用第二实施例、第三实施例和第四实施例、第五实施例中任一实施例的第一弹性件的结构,且其他部件的结构可以采用第二实施例的对应部件的结构。
以上示例性地示出了第一弹性件的几种实施方式。在其他实施例中,所述弹性件也不限于采用拉簧或压簧的形式,也可以采用其他弹性结构,例如弹片、弹性垫等,根据需要设置在对应的位置,均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
图31~42是本发明第七实施例的击发切换机构的结构示意图。如图31和图32所示,所述击发切换机构包括所述壳体13、致动杆、切换件7、所述击发把手3和击发件801。在该实施例中,所述致动杆包括齿条2,所述齿条2朝向所述击发把手3的一侧设置有第一驱动部201,所述第一驱动部201设置有至少一个驱动齿21。所述击发把手3包括靠近所述齿条2的第一端301和远离所述齿条2的第二端302。所述击发件801可旋转地设置于所述击发把手3的第一端301,所述击发件801包括第二驱动部8011和第二限位部8012。所述壳体13容纳所述齿条2、所述击发把手3的第一端301和所述击发件801,所述壳体13的内部设置有第一限位部1301。所述击发件801可在远离所述切换件7的第一状态和靠近所述切换件7的第二状态之间切换,图38和图41中示出的所述击发件801处于第一状态,图39和图42中示出的所述击发件801处于第二状态。此处远离和靠近切换件7是相对来说的,即第二状态的击发件801相对于第一状态的击发件801更靠近切换件7,在该实施例中,第二状态的第二驱动部8011相比于第一状态的第二驱动部8011更靠近齿条2。在本发明的第七实施例中,所述切换件7可沿所述吻合器的轴向方向运动。所述切换件7可在第一位置和第二位置之间运动,第二位置位于第一位置的近端侧。图31、图32、图38和图39示出的是所述切换件7的第一位置,图40~42示出的是所述切换件7的第二位置。所述切换件7处于所述第一位置时,所述切换件7至少部分突出于所述击发件801远端侧的齿条2的下表面。
如图31和图32所示,初始状态下,所述击发把手3未被握持而处于初始的第三位置,此时所述第一限位部1301与所述第二限位部8012相抵持,使得所述击发件801处于远离所述切换件7的所述第一状态,而不会与所述切换件7以及所述齿条2 配合。此时即使不小心碰到击发把手3使得击发把手3旋转一个很小的角度,也无法击发吻合器,避免误击发。如图39所示,所述切换件7处于所述第一位置,且握持所述击发把手3,使得所述击发把手3从第三位置沿第一方向R1向第四位置运动时,带动所述击发件801沿第一方向R1旋转,而使得所述第二限位部8012与所述第一限位部1301分离,所述击发件801进入靠近所述切换件7的所述第二状态,所述击发件801抵持于所述切换件7的下表面向远端侧方向运动,而不驱动所述齿条2,也就不会击发吻合器。如图41所示,当所述切换件7处于第二位置且所述击发把手3被握持而从所述第三位置沿第一方向R1向所述第四位置运动时,所述第二限位部8012与所述第一限位部1301分离,所述击发件801进入靠近所述切换件7的所述第二状态,也就向靠近于所述齿条2的方向运动,由于所述切换件7向近端运动一段距离,此时不再突出于所述击发件801远端侧的齿条2的下表面,也就不再阻挡所述击发件801与齿条2配合并驱动所述齿条2向远端侧方向运动,从而可以击发吻合器。
如图32~36所示,在该实施例中,所述壳体13上固定设置有把手转轴1303,所述击发把手3通过所述把手转轴1303可旋转地连接于所述壳体13的内壁。在另一实施方式中,所述把手转轴1303也可以固定设于所述击发把手3上,或者所述把手转轴1303是一个单独的轴。所述击发件801通过一击发件转轴803可旋转地连接于所述击发把手3。所述第二限位部8012和所述第二驱动部8011分别位于所述击发件转轴803的近端侧和远端侧。所述击发件转轴803可以是固定于击发件801上的,也可以是固定于击发把手3上的,或者是一个单独的轴件。所述击发切换机构还包括第二弹性件,给所述击发件801一个沿第二方向R2旋转的偏置力,第二方向R2与第一方向R1方向相反。所述击发把手3未被握持时,所述击发件801的第二限位部8012与第一限位部1301抵持,所述第一限位部1301阻挡所述第二限位部8012沿第二方向的旋转,所述第二弹性件发生弹性变形。握持所述击发把手3使其沿第一方向R1旋转时,带动所述击发件801沿第一方向R1旋转而使得所述第二限位部8012与第一限位部1301分离,在所述第二弹性件的弹性变形恢复力作用下,所述击发件801同时还会沿所述第二方向R2旋转,而从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态。在图31的视角中,第一方向R1为顺时针方向,第二方向R2为逆时针方向。
如图33~35所示,在该实施例中,所述第二弹性件为套设于所述击发件转轴803上的扭簧802,且所述扭簧802的两个管脚分别抵持所述击发件801和所述击发把手3。在其他实施方式中,所述第二弹性件还可以采用其他结构,例如设置在击发把手 3和击发件801之间的拉簧或压簧,两端分别连接到所述击发件801和所述击发把手3。
如图34所示,所述第一限位部1301位于所述第二限位部8012的近端侧。所述第一限位部1301朝向所述击发件801的一侧表面为平面,初始状态下,所述第二限位部8012的近端面至少部分与所述第一限位部1301的远端面相贴合,以在初始状态下给所述第二限位部8012更稳定的抵持力。如图36所示,在该实施例中,所述壳体13还设置有支撑部1302,所述支撑部1302固定于所述第一限位部1301远离所述击发件801的一侧,以提高所述第一限位部1301的结构稳定性,增强所述第一限位部1301对所述第二限位部8012的抵持作用。在本实施例中,在图示S2的纵向方向上,即高度方向上,所述第二限位部8012的一端高于所述第一限位部1301设置,使得当所述击发件801随所述击发把手3运动过程中容易与所述第一限位部1301脱离。
在该实施例中,所述吻合器的钉头部处于打开状态或者虽然闭合但是还没有闭合完成时,所述吻合器处于不可击发状态,所述吻合器的钉头部闭合完成时,所述吻合器进入可击发状态。如图31~33所示,所述吻合器本体的内部还设置有连杆组件4、闭合驱动组件51和闭合拉片53(示出于图38),所述闭合驱动组件51的结构可参照第一实施例的描述。以下结合图31~32对钉头部9的闭合过程进行介绍。
所述钉头部9包括相对设置的钉砧91和钉仓组件92,所述钉砧91具有相对于所述钉仓组件92打开的打开状态和相对于所述钉仓组件92闭合的闭合状态。所述钉砧91的近端侧设置有倾斜的第一配合槽911,所述钉仓组件92的近端侧设置有轴向延伸的第二配合槽921,一个闭合销93同时穿设于所述第一配合槽911和所述第二配合槽921中。所述连接杆18中设置有所述闭合拉片53。所述闭合拉片53的远端侧连接于所述闭合销93。初始状态下,所述闭合销93位于所述第二配合槽921的远端侧,所述钉砧91处于所述打开状态,所述吻合器处于不可击发状态。握持击发把手3,通过第一闭合驱动部32驱动连杆组件4与所述闭合驱动组件51的枢接点向近端侧方向运动,所述闭合驱动组件51驱动所述闭合拉片53向近端侧方向运动,所述闭合拉片53拉动所述闭合销93从所述第二配合槽921的远端侧向近端侧运动,所述钉砧91进入所述闭合状态,此时所述钉砧91和所述钉仓组件92夹紧组织。所述钉砧91从所述打开状态进入所述闭合状态的过程,称为所述钉头部9的闭合过程,也就是吻合器的闭合过程。在钉头部9闭合后,吻合器处于可击发状态。在所述吻合器击发的过程中,需要保持所述钉头部9闭合。在吻合器击发完成后,所述闭合销93 和所述闭合拉片53向远端侧方向运动时,可以打开所述钉头部9。
如图31和图32所示的实施例中,所述切换件7的远端设有止挡部71,当所述切换件7处于所述第一位置时,所述止挡部71突出于位于所述击发件801远端侧的所述第一驱动部201的驱动齿21,阻挡所述击发件801与所述齿条2的啮合,握持所述击发把手3使得所述击发件801进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件801抵持于所述切换件7的止挡部71而向远端侧方向运动,而不会驱动齿条2,也就不会击发吻合器。所述切换件7向近端侧方向运动到达第二位置后,所述止挡部71不再在高度方向上突出于位于所述齿条2远端的所述驱动齿21,当所述击发件801进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件801可以与所述驱动齿21啮合而驱动齿条2向远端侧方向运动,进而击发吻合器。因此,所述切换件7处于所述第一位置时,吻合器处于不可击发状态,所述切换件7处于第二位置时,吻合器处于可击发状态,通过所述切换件7的位置变化,可以切换吻合器的可击发状态。
在该实施例中,所述切换件7可在轴向方向上与所述齿条2有相对运动,所述切换件7的切换可以通过闭合驱动组件51实现,即所述切换件7固定于所述闭合驱动组件51,钉头部闭合过程中,所述闭合驱动组件51向近端侧方向运动,驱动所述切换件7向近端侧方向运动,从第一位置运动至第二位置。
在另一实施例中,所述切换件7也可以由另外一个切换钮驱动运动,该切换钮至少部分露出于壳体13外部而可以被操作者手持操作。在初始状态以及第一次握持击发把手3闭合钉头部的过程中,保持所述切换件7处于第一位置。在钉头部闭合完成后,通过拉动切换钮,使得切换钮向近端侧方向运动,进而驱动所述切换件7向近端侧方向运动而进入所述第二位置。
如图36和图37所示,在第七实施例中,所述连杆组件4包括第一杆41和第二杆42。所述连杆组件4的结构、所述连杆组件4与闭合驱动组件51的配合以及所述连杆组件4与击发把手3的配合可参照第一实施例的描述。
下面结合图38~43具体介绍第七实施例的击发切换机构的工作过程。其中,为了清楚示出各个部件,省去了壳体13的主要结构,而只留有第一限位部1301来说明击发件801与第一限位部1301的相对位置变化。
图38示出了初始状态下击发切换机构的结构。初始状态下,所述击发把手3处于第三位置,所述连杆组件4处于第一平衡状态,钉头部处于打开状态。所述切换件7处于第一位置,所述止挡部71至少部分突出于位于所述击发件801远端的驱动齿 21,所述吻合器处于不可击发状态。所述击发件801的第二限位部8012抵持于所述第一限位部1301,所述第一限位部1301阻挡所述第二限位部8012沿第二方向R2的运动,将所述击发件801限制在远离切换件7的第一状态,第二驱动部8011远离第一驱动部201。所述扭簧802在所述第一限位部1301的作用下发生弹性扭转变形。
在图38的状态下,握持击发把手3,击发把手3沿第一方向R1旋转,而带动击发件801沿第一方向R1旋转而与第一限位部1301脱离,进入图39的状态。如图39所示,所述击发件801在脱离了所述第一限位部1301的作用后,在扭簧802的弹性变形恢复力作用下,沿第二方向R2旋转而进入靠近切换件7的第二状态,所述击发件801的第二驱动部8011与所述切换件7的止挡部71抵持,并且抵持于所述止挡部71向远端侧方向运动。同时,所述击发把手3的第一闭合驱动部32驱动连杆组件4的第二闭合驱动部411,使得第一杆41和第二杆42的枢接位置向齿条2方向运动,所述第二杆42驱动所述闭合驱动组件51向近端侧运动,开始将钉头部闭合。
在图39的状态下,继续握持击发把手3,所述击发把手3沿第一方向R1继续运动而到达第四位置,所述击发件801沿所述止挡部71的下表面向远端侧方向运动,并最终到达图40示出的状态。这一过程中所述击发件801没有驱动齿条2,也就不会进行吻合器的击发。同时,所述击发把手3的第一闭合驱动部32继续驱动连杆组件4的第二闭合驱动部411,使得第一杆41和第二杆42的枢接位置继续向齿条2方向运动,所述第二杆42驱动所述闭合驱动组件51向近端侧运动,并最终完成钉头部的闭合。此时,所述连杆组件4处于自稳定的第二平衡状态,即使松开击发把手3,击发把手3在把手复位弹簧15的作用下逆时针旋转返回到第三位置,第一闭合驱动部32不再抵持于第二闭合驱动部411,所述连杆组件4仍然能保持在第二平衡状态,即进入到图41的状态。并且,在所述闭合驱动组件51向近端侧方向运动的过程中,驱动所述切换件7向近端侧方向运动而到达第二位置,因此,吻合器进入到可击发状态,所述切换件7不再突出于所述击发件801远端侧的驱动齿21,也就不会再阻挡击发件801与齿条2的配合。
如图41所示,所述击发把手3处于第三位置,所述击发件801的第二限位部8012再次与第一限位部1301抵持,使得击发件801又返回到远离切换件7的第一状态,所述扭簧802再次发生弹性扭转变形。所述第二驱动部8011不会与驱动齿21相啮合。在图41的状态下,再次握持击发把手3,击发把手3沿第一方向R1旋转,而使得击发件801与第一限位部1301脱离,进入图42的状态。如图42所示,所述击 发件801在脱离了所述第一限位部1301的作用后,在扭簧802的弹性变形恢复力作用下,沿第二方向R2旋转而进入第二状态,所述击发件801的第二驱动部8011与所述止挡部71的远端侧的驱动齿21相啮合。在图42的状态下,继续握持击发把手3,使得击发把手3继续沿第一方向R1旋转到第四位置,所述击发件801的第二驱动部8011驱动所述齿条2向远端侧方向运动一段距离,使得齿条2驱动吻合器击发。在吻合器击发完成后,再次打开钉头部时,闭合驱动组件51向远端侧方向运动,而带动切换件7向远端侧方向运动,所述切换件7再次进入所述第一位置,吻合器重新进入到不可击发状态。
在该实施例中,所述切换件7从第一位置到第二位置的切换是通过轴向运动实现的,在其他实施例中,所述切换件7也可以是可旋转连接于所述壳体13或所述闭合驱动组件51,通过旋转运动实现所述切换件7的第一位置和第二位置之间的切换。如图43所示,示出了第八实施例的切换件7与连杆组件4配合的结构示意图。在该实施例中,所述切换件7沿所述齿条2的长度方向延伸,所述切换件7的近端侧枢轴旋转地设置于所述壳体13或所述闭合驱动组件51。所述切换件7的远端侧设置有止挡部71。所述切换件7朝向所述齿条2的一侧设有第二配合部75,所述连杆组件4设置有第一配合部414,在该实施例中,所述第一配合部414为设置于所述第一杆41朝向所述齿条2的部分。第八实施例中切换件7与连杆组件4配合的结构可参见上述第二~第六实施例中的对应结构,此处不予赘述。
以上的实施例中,所述第一限位部1301位于第二限位部8012的近端侧。在另一实施例中,所述第一限位部也可以位于所述第二限位部8012的上方、远端侧或其他位置。所述第一限位部的形状也不限于图中示出的形状,而是可以采用圆台、方台或者其他规则或不规则形状的结构。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种击发切换机构,其特征在于,用于医用吻合器,所述击发切换机构包括:
    致动杆;
    切换件,包括止挡部,所述切换件配置为在第一位置和第二位置之间运动;
    击发件,配置为可被驱动地从远离所述致动杆的第一状态运动至靠近所述致动杆的第二状态;
    当所述切换件处于所述第一位置,且所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件与所述止挡部相抵持而不驱动所述致动杆;当所述切换件处于所述第二位置,且所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件驱动所述致动杆向远端侧方向运动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述致动杆包括第一驱动部,且所述第一驱动部设置有至少一个驱动齿;
    当所述切换件处于所述第一位置,且所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述止挡部阻挡所述击发件与所述驱动齿啮合;当所述切换件处于所述第二位置,且所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件与所述驱动齿啮合。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述切换件配置为可沿所述吻合器的轴向在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间运动,且所述第一位置位于所述第二位置的远端侧。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述切换件的止挡部包括朝向所述击发件的止挡面,所述切换件处于所述第一位置时,所述止挡面突出于所述驱动齿朝向所述击发件的一侧,或与所述驱动齿朝向所述击发件的一侧平齐;所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态时,所述击发件与所述止挡面相抵持;所述止挡面在沿所述吻合器的轴向方向为连续平滑面。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述切换件处于所述第一位置时,所述止挡部至少部分位于所述致动杆的第一驱动部在横向上的一侧,所述切换件沿所述轴向方向向近端侧运动后,所述切换件进入所述第二位置,且当所述击发件被驱动从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态后,所述击发件与位于所述止挡部远端的所述驱动齿啮合。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,还包括闭合驱动组件和 闭合拉片,所述闭合驱动组件可驱动所述闭合拉片沿所述吻合器的轴向运动;所述切换件处于所述第一位置且所述闭合驱动组件向近端侧方向运动时,所述闭合驱动组件驱动所述切换件向近端侧方向运动而进入所述第二位置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述闭合驱动组件至少部分位于所述致动杆的近端侧,所述切换件通过连接固定部连接于所述闭合驱动组件,且所述连接固定部位于所述止挡部的近端侧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述闭合驱动组件还包括闭合拉杆和轴套,所述轴套至少部分位于所述闭合拉杆的近端侧,所述切换件的连接固定部固定于所述轴套。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述切换件还包括位于所述止挡部和所述连接固定部之间的本体部,所述止挡部相对于所述本体部朝向所述击发件的一侧突出。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述吻合器的壳体上设置有第一导向部,所述切换件上设置有第二导向部,所述第一导向部引导所述第二导向部的轴向运动。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述第一导向部和所述第二导向部中的一个为沿轴向延伸的第一导向槽,另一个为嵌设于所述第一导向槽中的导向销;
    所述致动杆上设置有第三导向部,所述第三导向部为沿轴向延伸的第二导向槽,所述导向销嵌设于所述第二导向槽中。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,还包括击发把手,所述击发件为设置于所述击发把手朝向所述致动杆的一侧的击发棘爪,所述击发把手沿第一方向旋转时,所述击发件从所述第一状态进入所述第二状态;
    所述击发切换机构还包括连杆组件、闭合驱动组件和闭合拉片,所述击发把手沿所述第一方向旋转时驱动所述连杆组件至少部分向近端侧运动,以驱动所述闭合驱动组件和所述闭合拉片向近端侧方向运动。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述切换件配置为相对于所述致动杆在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间可旋转地设置。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,还包括闭合驱动组件和闭合拉片,所述闭合拉片的近端侧固定于所述闭合驱动组件,所述切换件包括固定部,所述固定部可旋转地固定于所述吻合器的壳体或所述闭合驱动组件。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,还包括第一弹性件,所述第一弹性件给所述止挡部施加使其突出于所述致动杆的偏置力;
    所述第一弹性件为拉簧或压簧,所述第一弹性件的一端固定于所述切换件,另一端固定于所述吻合器的壳体或所述闭合驱动组件。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述击发切换机构还包括第一配合部,所述切换件还包括第二配合部,所述第一配合部可驱动所述第二配合部旋转而使所述切换件从所述第一位置进入所述第二位置。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述第二配合部和所述止挡部分别位于所述固定部的远端侧,所述第一配合部驱动所述第二配合部朝远离所述击发件的方向运动时,所述止挡部朝远离所述击发件的方向运动从所述第一位置进入所述第二位置而不突出于所述致动杆;或,
    所述第二配合部和所述止挡部分别位于所述固定部的近端侧和远端侧,所述第一配合部驱动所述第二配合部朝靠近所述击发件的方向运动时,所述止挡部朝远离所述击发件的方向运动从所述第一位置进入所述第二位置而不突出于所述致动杆。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,还包括连杆组件,所述连杆组件的一端枢转连接于所述吻合器的壳体,另一端枢转连接于所述闭合驱动组件,所述连杆组件具有第一平衡状态和第二平衡状态;
    所述连杆组件设置有所述第一配合部,所述连杆组件从所述第一平衡状态进入所述第二平衡状态时,所述连杆组件驱动所述闭合驱动组件向近端侧方向运动,且所述第一配合部驱动所述第二配合部旋转而使所述切换件从所述第一位置进入所述第二位置。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述连杆组件包括在枢轴连接的第一杆和第二杆,所述第一配合部为设置于所述第一杆或所述第二杆朝向所述致动杆一侧的凸起部。
  20. 根据权利要求2所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,还包括壳体和击发把手,所述击发把手可被驱动而在第三位置和第四位置之间运动,所述壳体设有第一限位部,所述击发件枢轴设于所述击发把手,所述击发件设置有第二限位部;
    所述切换件处于所述第一位置,且所述击发把手从所述第三位置向所述第四位置运动时,所述第二限位部与所述第一限位部分离,所述击发件进入所述第二状态,所述击发件抵持于所述切换件运动而不驱动所述致动杆;
    所述切换件处于所述第二位置,且所述击发把手从所述第三位置向所述第四位 置运动时,所述第二限位部与所述第一限位部分离,所述击发件进入所述第二状态而与所述致动杆配合,并驱动所述致动杆向远端侧方向运动。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述击发把手从所述第三位置沿第一方向向所述第四位置运动时,带动所述击发件沿第一方向运动而使得所述第二限位部与所述第一限位部分离后,所述击发件沿第二方向旋转而进入所述第二状态,所述第二方向与所述第一方向相反。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述击发件包括第二驱动部,当所述切换件处于所述第二位置,所述击发把手从所述第三位置向所述第四位置运动时,所述第二驱动部沿所述第二方向运动至与所述驱动齿啮合;所述第二限位部位于所述第二驱动部的近端侧,所述第一限位部位于所述第二限位部的近端侧。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,还包括第二弹性件,所述第二弹性件给所述击发件施加一个沿所述第二方向的偏置力。
  24. 根据权利要求20所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述第一限位部朝向所述击发件的一侧表面为平面,所述击发把手处于所述第三位置时,所述第二限位部至少部分贴合于所述第一限位部朝向所述击发件的一侧表面。
  25. 根据权利要求20所述的击发切换机构,其特征在于,所述壳体还设置有支撑部,所述支撑部固定于所述第一限位部远离所述击发件的一侧。
  26. 一种医用吻合器,其特征在于,包括权利要求1至25中任一项所述的击发切换机构。
PCT/CN2023/107823 2022-07-18 2023-07-18 击发切换机构及医用吻合器 WO2024017223A1 (zh)

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