WO2020151334A1 - 外科手术器械和直线型吻合器 - Google Patents

外科手术器械和直线型吻合器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020151334A1
WO2020151334A1 PCT/CN2019/118383 CN2019118383W WO2020151334A1 WO 2020151334 A1 WO2020151334 A1 WO 2020151334A1 CN 2019118383 W CN2019118383 W CN 2019118383W WO 2020151334 A1 WO2020151334 A1 WO 2020151334A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screw
assembly
surgical instrument
nail
transmission
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/118383
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐荣华
张翚
杜运峰
刘殿臣
Original Assignee
苏州英途康医疗科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州英途康医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州英途康医疗科技有限公司
Priority to US17/273,057 priority Critical patent/US11497500B2/en
Priority to EP19911959.5A priority patent/EP3834742B1/en
Publication of WO2020151334A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020151334A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00367—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like
    • A61B2017/00398—Details of actuation of instruments, e.g. relations between pushing buttons, or the like, and activation of the tool, working tip, or the like using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/0046—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with a releasable handle; with handle and operating part separable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00681—Aspects not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07257—Stapler heads characterised by its anvil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07271—Stapler heads characterised by its cartridge
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07278—Stapler heads characterised by its sled or its staple holder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surgical instrument and a linear stapler, belonging to the field of medical instruments.
  • the linear stapler also known as the digestive tract closure device, is a device that can insert multiple staggered sutures into the tissue in a straight line. It is also one of the devices widely used to replace manual linear sutures. It is mainly used to close the stumps of the stomach, duodenum, small intestine, and colon by suture. It is a full-thickness eversion suture.
  • the staple forming method of the existing linear stapler is usually to push the staple seat through the transmission device to push the staples out all at once and fire them into staples. This makes the staples prone to large and small heads and dovetails, and the staple forming effect is poor. The stitching effect is not good, and it will cause waste. In addition, because a large number of sutures are fired at one time, some of the sutures cannot be sutured firmly, which will cause leakage of the tissue. At the same time, because it needs to be fired at one time, the firing force is relatively large, which will cause the cantilever beam after multiple firings. The structure of the nail anvil is deformed.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a surgical instrument and a linear stapler, the suture staples of which are formed into staples in sequence, which can save the required firing force, avoid the deformation of the staple anvil, and have better staple forming Effect, suture effect and surgical safety.
  • a surgical instrument including:
  • the anastomosis mechanism includes a nail anvil assembly and a mounting part for installing a nail cartridge assembly, the nail cartridge assembly includes a nail cartridge for accommodating suture nails, and the nail anvil assembly includes a nail anvil matched with the nail cartridge ;
  • Push nail assembly push the suture nails into nails in sequence
  • a transmission assembly connected with the staple cartridge assembly and the nail push assembly, drives the staple cartridge assembly to move relative to the nail anvil assembly, and drives the nail push assembly to move;
  • the driving component is connected with the transmission component and drives the transmission component to move.
  • the push nail assembly includes a first screw provided on the anvil assembly and a firing nut sleeved on the first screw, defining the axial direction of the first screw and the firing nut as the first Axial direction;
  • the surgical instrument also includes a direction changing transmission device, when the anastomotic mechanism is closed, the direction changing transmission device connects the push nail assembly and the transmission assembly and drives the first screw to rotate, so that the The firing nut moves relative to the first screw in the first axis direction.
  • the transmission assembly includes a transmission rod, the transmission rod is connected to the drive assembly and rotates under the action of the drive assembly, the axis direction of the transmission rod is defined as a second axis direction, and the first axis direction and the first axis direction The two axis directions are vertical.
  • the direction changing transmission device includes a large umbrella tooth sleeved on the transmission rod and a small umbrella tooth sleeved on the first screw. When the anastomosis mechanism is closed, the large umbrella tooth It is in meshing connection with the small umbrella teeth.
  • the transmission rod is a second screw, and a screw sleeve and a sleeve are sleeved on the second screw, and the sleeve is connected to the screw sleeve and is arranged between the screw sleeve and the large umbrella teeth,
  • the driving assembly drives the second screw to rotate, the screw sleeve moves relative to the second screw in the second axis direction, thereby driving the sleeve relative to the second screw in the second axis. Move in the direction.
  • the sleeve and the screw sleeve are integrally formed.
  • the transmission assembly further includes a closure assembly sleeved on the second screw rod, the closure assembly includes a first closure rod and a second closure rod, and the screw sleeve is fixedly connected to the first closure rod and The second closing rod, and the screw sleeve is arranged between the first closing rod and the second closing rod; the first closing rod is connected to the staple cartridge assembly, and the second closing rod is arranged close to the On one side of the drive assembly, when the drive assembly drives the second screw to rotate, the screw sleeve moves relative to the second screw in the second axis direction, thereby driving the first closing rod and the second The closing lever moves in the direction of the second axis.
  • the second screw is also provided with an elastic member, the elastic member is arranged between the large bevel teeth and the first screw, when the large bevel teeth and the small bevel teeth are engaged and connected, the elastic The file is compressed.
  • the surgical instrument further includes a safety switch for start-stop action, the safety switch is arranged on the closing assembly, the safety switch includes a toggle button and a switching shaft, the switching shaft is connected to the toggle button, so The second closing lever is provided with a through hole adapted to the switching shaft.
  • the elastic member is a compression spring
  • an adjusting nut is provided on the second screw rod to fix the position of the compression spring.
  • the nail anvil assembly further includes a lower jaw arm, the nail anvil is arranged on the lower jaw arm, and the lower jaw arm is provided with an opening for accommodating the first screw and the firing nut Slot, the first screw is fixed on the lower jaw arm through a first bearing.
  • the surgical instrument further includes a hand-held part, the transmission rod is fixed in the hand-held part through a second bearing, the drive assembly is arranged in the hand-held part, and the drive assembly includes a drive motor and The input shaft connected with the driving motor and the transmission member connecting the input shaft and the transmission rod.
  • the surgical instrument further includes an induction switch for sensing the position of the staple cartridge assembly, and the induction switch is arranged in the hand-held part.
  • the present invention also provides a linear stapler, which includes the surgical instrument and a staple cartridge assembly, and the staple cartridge assembly is installed on the mounting part.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the surgical instrument and linear stapler of the present invention are provided with a push nail assembly and a changing direction transmission device.
  • the changing direction transmission device drives the push nail assembly
  • the first screw in the screw is rotated so that the firing nut sleeved on it moves in the first axis direction relative to the first screw, so that the staples in the staple cartridge are fired in sequence, so that there will be no large and small heads and dovetails.
  • the surgical instrument and the linear stapler adopt the method of sequentially forming staples, which can save the required firing force to avoid the deformation of the staple anvil, and has better staple forming effect, suture effect and surgical safety.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the end structure of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission assembly of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the head end structure of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the linear stapler shown in the present invention in the initial state
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the linear stapler shown in the present invention in a closed state
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the linear stapler shown in the present invention in a firing state.
  • a surgical instrument shown in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the anastomosis mechanism includes an anvil assembly 1 and a mounting part 101 for mounting the staple cartridge assembly 2, and the mounting part 101 can be installed with different specifications of the staple cartridge assembly 2 according to actual needs.
  • the staple cartridge assembly 2 includes a staple cartridge 21 for accommodating the suture staples 23, and the staple anvil assembly 1 includes a staple anvil 11 matched with the staple cartridge 21.
  • Push the nail assembly 3 push the suture nail 23 to move toward the anvil assembly 1.
  • the push nail assembly 3 includes a first screw 31 arranged on the anvil assembly 1 and a firing nut 32 sleeved on the first screw 31, defining the first
  • the axial direction of the screw 31 and the firing nut 32 is the first axial direction (the straight line direction of arrow A in FIG. 2).
  • the transmission assembly 4 is connected with the staple cartridge assembly 2 to drive the staple cartridge assembly 2 to move relative to the staple anvil assembly 1.
  • the drive assembly 5 is connected with the transmission assembly 4 to drive the transmission assembly 4 to move.
  • the surgical instrument of the present invention also includes a direction changing transmission device 6. When the anastomotic mechanism is closed, the direction changing transmission device 6 connects the push nail assembly 3 and the transmission assembly 4 and drives the first screw 31 to rotate, so that the firing nut 32 is relative to the first screw rod 31. A screw 31 moves in the first axis direction.
  • the surgical instrument of the present invention includes two splints 10 as the main body, and the anastomosis mechanism is arranged at the end of the splint 10 (in the direction indicated by arrow B in FIG. 2).
  • the end of the splint 10 is the mounting portion 101.
  • the mounting portion 101 is a concave structure
  • the nail anvil 11 is arranged on the left side of the concave structure
  • the staple cartridge 21 is installed on the right side of the concave structure.
  • the staple cartridge 21 is also provided with a staple pusher 24 for accommodating and firing the suture staples 23.
  • the staple pusher 24 is an existing mechanism and will not be described here.
  • the staple cartridge assembly 2 also includes a connecting portion 22 that connects the staple cartridge 21 and the mounting portion 101.
  • the connecting portion 22 is provided with an upper tissue positioning needle 221
  • the staple anvil assembly 1 is provided with a corresponding upper tissue positioning needle 221
  • the upper tissue positioning hole 121 when the anastomosis mechanism is closed, the upper tissue positioning needle 221 is inserted into the upper tissue positioning hole 121 to fix the sutured tissue.
  • the nail anvil assembly 1 includes a front jaw arm 12 and a lower jaw arm 13.
  • the front jaw arm 12 is sleeved on the outside of the nail anvil 11 to protect and fix the nail anvil 11; the lower jaw arm 13 serves as a concave At the bottom of the shaped structure, the nail anvil 11 is arranged on it, and the lower jaw arm 13 is provided with a slot (not numbered) for accommodating the first screw 31 and the firing nut 32, and the first screw 31 passes through the first bearing 131 Fixed on the lower jaw arm 13.
  • a lower tissue positioning needle 122 is fixedly provided on the front jaw arm 12, and the lower tissue positioning needle 122 can be inserted into the staple cartridge assembly 2.
  • the transmission assembly 4 includes a transmission rod 41, which is connected to the drive assembly 5 and rotates under its action.
  • the axis direction of the transmission rod 41 is defined as the second axis direction (the straight line direction of arrow B in FIG. 2) ,
  • the first axis direction is perpendicular to the second axis direction.
  • the transmission rod 41 is arranged between the two splints 10.
  • the transmission rod 41 is a second screw.
  • the second screw 41 is sleeved with a screw sleeve 42 and a sleeve 43.
  • the screw sleeve 42 is preferably arranged in At the middle position of the second screw 41, the sleeve 43 is connected to the screw sleeve 42 and is arranged on the side close to the end of the second screw 41.
  • the driving assembly 5 drives the second screw 41 to rotate
  • the screw sleeve 42 is positioned relative to the second screw 41.
  • the movement in the second axis direction drives the sleeve 43 relative to the second screw 41 to move in the second axis direction.
  • the second screw 41 is provided with threads only in the middle section.
  • the screw sleeve 42 is located at the thread at the end of the second screw 41.
  • the direction changing transmission device 6 includes a large umbrella tooth 61 sleeved on the second screw 41 and a small umbrella tooth 62 sleeved on the first screw 31, and the large umbrella tooth 61 is provided on the second screw 41
  • the sleeve 43 is set between the screw sleeve 42 and the large umbrella tooth 61.
  • the driving assembly 5 drives the second screw 41 to rotate
  • the screw sleeve 42 drives the sleeve 43 to move toward the end direction.
  • the sleeve resists the large umbrella tooth 61 and pushes the large umbrella tooth 61 to move in the direction where the small umbrella tooth 62 is located.
  • the large umbrella teeth 61 and the small umbrella teeth 62 are engaged and connected.
  • the second screw 41 rotates under the action of the drive assembly 5
  • the large umbrella teeth 61 follow the second screw 41 to rotate in the second axis direction, and drive the small umbrella teeth 62 and the first screw 31 in the first axis direction.
  • Rotate upwards so that the firing nut 32 sleeved on the first screw 31 moves vertically upward relative to the first screw 31 in the first axis direction.
  • the firing nut 32 sequentially pushes the push pin 24 from bottom to top to achieve firing. After the firing is completed, the firing nut 32 returns to the initial position.
  • the second screw 41 is also provided with an elastic member 411.
  • the elastic member 411 is arranged between the large bevel teeth 61 and the first screw 31. When the large bevel teeth 61 and the small bevel teeth 62 are meshed and connected, The elastic member 411 is compressed; when the firing is completed, the second screw 41 rotates in the reverse direction under the action of the driving assembly 5, and drives the screw sleeve 42 and the sleeve 43 to retreat to the head end. At this time, the large umbrella tooth 61 is in the elastic member 411 Reset the elastic force and push it back to the initial position.
  • the elastic member 411 is a compression spring, and an adjusting nut 412 is provided at the end of the second screw 41 to fix the position of the compression spring 411.
  • the threaded sleeve 42 and the sleeve 43 may be integrally formed, or may be separately arranged and connected.
  • the threaded sleeve 42 and the sleeve 43 are integrally formed.
  • the transmission assembly 4 further includes a closing assembly 44 sleeved on the second screw 41.
  • the closing assembly 44 includes a first closing rod 441 and a second closing rod 442.
  • the screw sleeve 42 is fixedly connected to the first closing rod. 441 and the second closing rod 442, and the screw sleeve 42 is arranged between the first closing rod 441 and the second closing rod 442.
  • the first closing rod 441 is connected to the connecting portion 22 of the staple cartridge assembly 2, and the second closing rod 442 is arranged on the side (head end) close to the driving assembly 5.
  • the screw sleeve 42 moves relative to the second screw 41 in the second axis direction, thereby driving the first closing rod 441 and the second closing rod 442 to move in the second axis direction. Since the first closing rod 441 is connected to the staple cartridge assembly 2, when the screw sleeve 42 moves toward the end direction, the first closing rod 441 pushes the staple cartridge assembly 2 to move toward the staple anvil 11 to close the anastomotic mechanism.
  • the first closing rod 441 and the second closing rod 442 may be integrally formed, or may be provided separately. Preferably, the first closing rod 441 and the second closing rod 442 are integrally formed, and a receiving screw sleeve 42 is provided. Slots (not shown).
  • the first closing lever 441 is provided with a shift lever 4411, which abuts against the back side of the upper tissue positioning needle 221, when the first closing lever 441 drives the staple cartridge assembly 2 toward the nail anvil 11
  • the lever 4411 drives the upper tissue positioning needle 221 to move toward the upper tissue positioning hole 121 until it is inserted into the upper tissue positioning hole 121, so that the sutured tissue is positioned by the upper tissue positioning needle 221 to facilitate subsequent sutures And cutting.
  • the surgical instrument of the present invention also includes a safety switch 7 for starting and stopping actions, and the safety switch 7 is arranged on the closing assembly 44.
  • the safety switch 7 includes a toggle button 71 and a switching shaft (not shown).
  • the toggle shaft is connected to the toggle button 71.
  • the second closing rod 442 is provided with a through hole 72 corresponding to the switching shaft.
  • the surgical instrument of the present invention also includes a hand-held part 100, the transmission rod 41 is fixed in the hand-held part 100 through a second bearing 413, and the second closing rod 442 and the driving assembly 5 are fixedly arranged in the hand-held part 100, and the fixed connection method is Conventional connection methods, such as threaded connection, bonding, buckle connection, etc., are not limited here.
  • the driving assembly 5 includes a driving motor (not shown), an input shaft 51 connected to the driving motor, and a transmission member 52 connecting the input shaft 51 and the transmission rod 41.
  • the transmission member 52 includes a first bevel gear 521 and a second bevel gear 522 respectively sleeved on the input shaft 51 and the transmission rod 41.
  • the first bevel gear 521 is meshed with the second bevel gear 522 to position the input shaft 51 in the first bevel gear.
  • the rotation in the one axis direction is converted into the rotation of the transmission rod 41 in the second axis direction.
  • the surgical instrument further includes an induction switch 200 for sensing the position of the staple cartridge assembly 2.
  • the induction switch 200 is arranged in the handpiece 100, and its fixed connection mode is a conventional connection mode, such as threaded connection, Bonding, snap connection, etc. are not limited here.
  • the sensor switch 200 is a Hall switch or a photoelectric switch.
  • an external power jack (not shown), a step indicator (not shown), and an operation button (not shown) are also provided on the handheld portion 100.
  • the external power jack can be connected to the power cord of the medical power supply.
  • the instrument can also be powered by a built-in power supply, such as a battery.
  • the surgical instrument of the present invention is a linear stapler, and a staple cartridge assembly 2 is installed on the mounting portion 101 thereof.
  • the working process of the linear stapler is:
  • the staple cartridge assembly 2 is located away from the anvil assembly 1, at this time the safety switch 7 is in the "open” state, and the large umbrella tooth 61 is separated from the small umbrella tooth 62, and the compression spring 411 is free status.
  • the drive motor drives the input shaft 51 to rotate, and through the first bevel gear 521 and the second bevel gear 522 meshing transmission, driving the second screw 41 to rotate, thereby making the sleeve set
  • the screw sleeve 42 on the second screw 41 pushes the closing assembly 44 and the large umbrella tooth 61 toward the end direction until the large umbrella tooth 61 engages with the small umbrella tooth 62, and the compression spring 411 is compressed.
  • the staple cartridge 21 and The anastomosis position of the nail anvil 11 is positioned by the induction switch 200 (photoelectric switch), and the anastomosis mechanism is in a closed state.
  • the induction switch 200 photoelectric switch
  • the anastomosis mechanism is in a closed state.
  • toggle the toggle button 71 when the anastomotic mechanism is in the closed state, toggle the toggle button 71, the safety switch 7 is in the "locked” state, and the closing assembly 44 is locked at this time.
  • the drive motor continues to rotate, the large bevel teeth 61 and the small bevel teeth 62 engage to drive the first screw 31 to rotate, and the first screw 31 drives the firing nut 32 to move upward in the first axial direction, thereby pushing the push nail 24 to achieve firing.
  • the firing nut 32 automatically returns to the starting position.
  • the safety switch is turned back, the drive motor receives the signal and reverses, and the second screw 41 drives the closing assembly 44 to automatically retract to the maximum position of the jaw (can be controlled by the number of turns of the drive motor), which is consistent with the initial state.
  • the surgical instrument and linear stapler of the present invention are provided with a push nail assembly and a direction changing transmission device.
  • the direction changing transmission device drives the first screw in the push nail assembly to rotate, so that The firing nut sleeved on it moves relative to the first screw in the first axis direction, so that the suture nails in the staple cartridge are fired in sequence, so that there will be no problems such as large and small heads and dovetails. Therefore, the surgical instrument and the linear stapler adopt the method of sequentially forming staples, which can save the required firing force to avoid the deformation of the staple anvil, and has better staple forming effect, suture effect and surgical safety.

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Abstract

一种外科手术器械和直线型吻合器，其通过设置推钉组件（3）和变向传动装置（6），当吻合机构闭合时，变向传动装置（6）驱使推钉组件（3）中的第一螺杆（31）旋转，以使套设在其上的击发螺母（32）相对于第一螺杆（31）在第一轴线方向（A）上移动，从而使钉仓（21）中的缝合钉（23）依次击发。故，该外科手术器械和直线型吻合器采用依次成钉的方式，能节约所需的击发力，以避免钉砧（11）产生形变，并具有较好的成钉效果、缝合效果以及手术安全性。

Description

外科手术器械和直线型吻合器
本申请要求了申请日为2019年1月24日，申请号为201910067866.7的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种外科手术器械和直线型吻合器，属于医疗器械领域。
背景技术
直线型吻合器又称消化道闭合器，是一种能将多个互相交错排列的缝合钉在组织上成直线钉入的器械，也是被广泛应用替代手工直线缝合的器械之一。主要用于缝合关闭胃、十二指肠、小肠、结肠的残端，为全层外翻式缝合。
现有直线型吻合器的成钉方式往往是通过传动装置推动抵钉座将缝合钉一次性全部推出击发成钉，使得缝合钉容易出现大小头和燕尾等现象，其成钉效果差，从而造成缝合效果不佳，同时会造成浪费。并且，由于大量缝合钉一次性击发，由于部分缝合钉无法牢固缝合，会使组织出现泄露等情况；同时，因为需要一次性击发，其击发作用力较大，在多次击发后会使悬臂梁结构的钉砧产生形变。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种外科手术器械和直线型吻合器，其缝合钉采用依次成钉的方式，能节约所需的击发力，以避免钉砧产生形变，并具有较好的成钉效果、缝合效果以及手术安全性。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种外科手术器械，包括：
吻合机构，包括钉砧组件和用于安装钉仓组件的安装部，所述钉仓组件包括用于容置缝合钉的钉仓，所述钉砧组件包括与所述钉仓相配合的钉砧；
推钉组件，推动所述缝合钉依次成钉；
传动组件，与所述钉仓组件和推钉组件连接，驱使所述钉仓组件相对于所述钉砧组件移动，驱动所述推钉组件运动；
驱动组件，与所述传动组件连接，驱动所述传动组件运动。
进一步地，所述推钉组件包括设置在所述钉砧组件上的第一螺杆和套设在所述第一螺杆上的击发螺母，定义所述第一螺杆和击发螺母的轴线方向为第一轴线方向；所述外科手术器械还包括变向传动装置，当所述吻合机构闭合时，所述变向传动装置连接所述推钉组件和传动组件并驱使所述第一螺杆旋转，以使所述击发螺母相对于所述第一螺杆在所述第一轴线方向上移动。
进一步地，所述传动组件包括传动杆，所述传动杆连接所述驱动组件并在驱动组件作用下自转，定义所述传动杆的轴线方向为第二轴线方向，所述第一轴线方向与第二轴线方向垂直。
进一步地，所述变向传动装置包括套设在所述传动杆上的大伞齿以及套设在所述第一螺杆上的小伞齿，当所述吻合机构闭合时，所述大伞齿与所述小伞齿啮合连接。
进一步地，所述传动杆为第二螺杆，所述第二螺杆上套设有螺套和套管，所述套管连接所述螺套并设置在所述螺套和大伞齿之间，当所述驱动组件驱动所述第二螺杆自转时，所述螺套相对于所述第二螺杆在第二轴线方向上移动，进而驱使所述套管相对于所述第二螺杆在第二轴线方向上移动。
进一步地，所述套管和螺套一体成型。
进一步地，所述传动组件还包括套设在所述第二螺杆上的闭合组件，所述闭合组件包括第一闭合杆和第二闭合杆，所述螺套固定连接所述第一闭合杆和第二闭合杆，且所述螺套设置在所述第一闭合杆和第二闭合杆之间；所述第一闭合杆连接所述钉仓组件，所述第二闭合杆设置在靠近所述驱动组件的一侧，当所述驱动组件驱动所述第二螺杆自转时，所述螺套相对于所述第二螺杆在第二轴线方向上移动，进而驱使所述第一闭合杆和第二闭合杆在所述第二轴线方向上移动。
进一步地，所述第二螺杆上还设有弹性件，所述弹性件设置在所述大伞齿和第一螺杆之间，当所述大伞齿与小伞齿啮合连接时，所述弹性件被压缩。
进一步地，所述外科手术器械还包括起止动作用安全开关，所述安全开关设置在所述闭合组件上，所述安全开关包括拨钮和切换轴，所述切换轴连接所 述拨钮，所述第二闭合杆上开设有与所述切换轴相适应的通孔，当所述吻合机构闭合时，拨动所述拨钮，所述切换轴插入至所述通孔中，以锁定所述闭合组件。
进一步地，所述弹性件为压簧，所述第二螺杆上设有调节螺母，以固定所述压簧的位置。
进一步地，所述钉砧组件还包括下钳口臂，所述钉砧设置在所述下钳口臂上，所述下钳口臂上开设有用于容置所述第一螺杆和击发螺母的槽洞，所述第一螺杆通过第一轴承固定在所述下钳口臂上。
进一步地，所述外科手术器械还包括手持部，所述传动杆通过第二轴承固定在所述手持部中，所述驱动组件设置在所述手持部内，所述驱动组件包括驱动马达、与所述驱动马达连接的输入轴以及连接所述输入轴和传动杆的传动件。
进一步地，所述外科手术器械还包括用于感应所述钉仓组件的位置的感应开关，所述感应开关设置在所述手持部内。
本发明还提供一种直线型吻合器，其包括所述的外科手术器械和钉仓组件，所述钉仓组件安装在所述安装部上。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的外科手术器械和直线型吻合器通过设置推钉组件和变向传动装置，当吻合机构闭合时，变向传动装置驱使推钉组件中的第一螺杆旋转，以使套设在其上的击发螺母相对于第一螺杆在第一轴线方向上移动，从而使钉仓中的缝合钉依次击发，使其不会出现大小头和燕尾等问题。故，该外科手术器械和直线型吻合器采用依次成钉的方式，能节约所需的击发力，以避免钉砧产生形变，并具有较好的成钉效果、缝合效果以及手术安全性。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，以下以本发明的较佳实施例并配合附图详细说明如后。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实施例所示的外科手术器械的外部结构示意图；
图2为本发明一实施例所示的外科手术器械的整体结构示意图；
图3为本发明一实施例所示的外科手术器械的末端结构示意图；
图4为本发明一实施例所示的外科手术器械的传动组件的结构示意图；
图5为本发明一实施例所示的外科手术器械的头端结构示意图；
图6为本发明所示的直线型吻合器在初始状态时的结构示意图；
图7为本发明所示的直线型吻合器在闭合状态时的结构示意图；
图8为本发明所示的直线型吻合器在击发状态时的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
需要说明的是：本发明的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等用语只是参考附图对本发明进行说明，不作为限定用语。
请参见图1至图5，本发明一实施例所示的一种外科手术器械包括：
吻合机构(末端执行器)，包括钉砧组件1和用于安装钉仓组件2的安装部101，该安装部101上可根据实际需要安装不同规格的钉仓组件2。钉仓组件2包括用于容置缝合钉23的钉仓21，钉砧组件1包括与钉仓21相配合的钉砧11。推钉组件3，推动缝合钉23朝向钉砧组件1移动，推钉组件3包括设置在钉砧组件1上的第一螺杆31和套设在第一螺杆31上的击发螺母32，定义第一螺杆31和击发螺母32的轴线方向为第一轴线方向(图2中箭头A所在直线方向)。传动组件4，与钉仓组件2连接，驱使钉仓组件2相对于钉砧组件1移动。驱动组件5，与传动组件4连接，驱动传动组件4运动。本发明的外科手术器械还包括变向传动装置6，当吻合机构闭合时，变向传动装置6连接推钉组件3和传动组件4并驱使第一螺杆31旋转，以使击发螺母32相对于第一螺杆31在第一轴线方向上移动。
在本实施例中，本发明的外科手术器械包括作为主体的两片夹板10，吻合机构设置在夹板10的末端(图2中箭头B所指方向)，具体的，夹板10的末端为安装部101，安装部101为凹形结构，钉砧11设置在该凹形结构的左侧，钉 仓21安装在凹形结构的右侧。在钉仓21中还设有用于容置和击发缝合钉23的推钉片24，推钉片24为现有机构，在此不再进行阐述。钉仓组件2还包括连接部22，连接部22连接钉仓21和安装部101，在连接部22内设有上组织定位针221，钉砧组件1上设有对应该上组织定位针221的上组织定位孔121，当吻合机构闭合时，上组织定位针221插入至上组织定位孔121中，以固定被缝合的组织。钉砧组件1包括前钳口臂12和下钳口臂13，该前钳口臂12套在钉砧11的外侧，以起到防护和固定钉砧11的作用；下钳口臂13作为凹形结构的底部，钉砧11设置在其上，且下钳口臂13上开设有用于容置第一螺杆31和击发螺母32的槽洞(未标号)，第一螺杆31通过第一轴承131固定在下钳口臂13上。在前钳口臂12上固定设置有下组织定位针122，该下组织定位针122可插入至钉仓组件2内。
在本实施例中，传动组件4包括传动杆41，传动杆41连接驱动组件5并在其作用下自转，定义传动杆41的轴线方向为第二轴线方向(图2中箭头B所在直线方向)，第一轴线方向与第二轴线方向垂直。在本实施例中，传动杆41设置在两片夹板10之间，该传动杆41为第二螺杆，第二螺杆41上套设有螺套42和套管43，螺套42优选地设置在第二螺杆41的中间位置，套管43连接螺套42并设置在靠近第二螺杆41末端的一侧，当驱动组件5驱动第二螺杆41自转时，螺套42相对于第二螺杆41在第二轴线方向上移动，进而驱使套管43相对于第二螺杆41在第二轴线方向上移动。本实施例中，第二螺杆41仅在中间一段区域上设有螺纹，当吻合机构处于闭合状态时，螺套42位于第二螺杆41最末端的螺纹处。
在本实施例中，变向传动装置6包括套设在第二螺杆41上的大伞齿61以及套设在第一螺杆31上的小伞齿62，大伞齿61设置在第二螺杆41的末端，套管43设置在螺套42和大伞齿61之间。驱动组件5驱动第二螺杆41自转时，螺套42带动套管43朝向末端方向移动，套管抵持大伞齿61并推动大伞齿61朝小伞齿62所在方向移动。当吻合机构闭合时，大伞齿61与小伞齿62啮合连接。此时，由于第二螺杆41在驱动组件5的作用下自转，大伞齿61跟随第二 螺杆41在第二轴线方向上自转，并带动小伞齿62和第一螺杆31在第一轴线方向上转动，进而使套设在第一螺杆31上的击发螺母32相对于第一螺杆31在第一轴线方向上竖直向上移动。击发螺母32自下而上依次推动推钉片24实现击发，击发完成后击发螺母32退回起始位置。
在本实施例中，第二螺杆41上还设有弹性件411，该弹性件411设置在大伞齿61和第一螺杆31之间，当大伞齿61与小伞齿62啮合连接时，弹性件411被压缩；当击发完成后，第二螺杆41在驱动组件5的作用下反向自转，带动螺套42和套管43向头端退回，此时大伞齿61在弹性件411的复位弹力下推回至初始位置。优选的，该弹性件411为压簧，且在第二螺杆41的末端处设有调节螺母412，以固定压簧411的位置。本发明中，螺套42和套管43可以是一体成型，也可以是分体设置并连接，优选的，螺套42和套管43为一体成型结构。
在本实施例中，传动组件4还包括套设在第二螺杆41上的闭合组件44，该闭合组件44包括第一闭合杆441和第二闭合杆442，螺套42固定连接第一闭合杆441和第二闭合杆442，且螺套42设置在第一闭合杆441和第二闭合杆442之间。具体的，第一闭合杆441连接钉仓组件2的连接部22，且第二闭合杆442设置在靠近驱动组件5的一侧(头端)，当驱动组件5驱动第二螺杆41自转时，螺套42相对于第二螺杆41在第二轴线方向上移动，进而驱使第一闭合杆441和第二闭合杆442在第二轴线方向上移动。由于第一闭合杆441与钉仓组件2连接，当螺套42朝向末端方向移动时，第一闭合杆441推动钉仓组件2朝向钉砧11的方向移动，以使吻合机构闭合。该第一闭合杆441和第二闭合杆442可以是一体成型，也可以是分体设置，优选的，第一闭合杆441和第二闭合杆442为一体成型，且开设有容置螺套42的槽孔(未图示)。
在本实施例中，第一闭合杆441上设置有拨杆4411，该拨杆4411抵持在上组织定位针221的后侧，当第一闭合杆441驱动钉仓组件2朝钉砧11的方向移动时，拨杆4411驱动上组织定位针221在朝上组织定位孔121方向移动直至插入至该上组织定位孔121内，从而通过上组织定位针221将被缝合组织定位以便于后续的缝合和切割。
本发明的外科手术器械还包括起止动作用的安全开关7，安全开关7设置在闭合组件44上。具体的，安全开关7包括拨钮71和切换轴(未图示)，切换轴连接拨钮71，第二闭合杆442上开设有与该切换轴相适应的通孔72，当吻合机构闭合时，拨动拨钮71，使切换轴插入至通孔72中，以锁定闭合组件44。该安全开关7为现有结构，在此不再进行详细说明。
本发明的外科手术器械还包括手持部100，传动杆41通过第二轴承413固定在手持部100中，且第二闭合杆442与驱动组件5固定设置在手持部100内，其固定连接方式为常规的连接方式，如螺纹连接、粘接、卡扣连接等，在此不进行限定。驱动组件5包括驱动马达(未图示)、与驱动马达连接的输入轴51以及连接输入轴51和传动杆41的传动件52。该传动件52包括分别套设在输入轴51和传动杆41上的第一锥齿轮521和第二锥齿轮522，第一锥齿轮521与第二锥齿轮522啮合，以将输入轴51在第一轴线方向上的自转转换为传动杆41在第二轴线方向上的自转。
在本实施例中，外科手术器械还包括用于感应钉仓组件2的位置的感应开关200，该感应开关200设置在手持部100内，其固定连接方式为常规的连接方式，如螺纹连接、粘接、卡扣连接等，在此不进行限定。感应开关200为霍尔开关，或者，为光电开关。当吻合机构大伞齿61与小伞齿62啮合时，此时的钉仓组件2所处位置即为钉仓21和钉砧11的吻合位置，可通过该感应开关200进行定位。
本发明中，手持部100上还设有外接电源插孔(未图示)、步骤指示灯(未图示)和操作按钮(未图示)。外接电源插孔可外接医用电源的电源线，当然，本器械也可以采用内置电源的方式进行供电，比如：电池。
本发明的外科手术器械优选的，为一种直线型吻合器，其安装部101上安装有钉仓组件2。
该直线型吻合器的工作过程为：
请参见图6，初始状态时，钉仓组件2位于远离钉砧组件1处，此时安全开关7处于“打开”状态，并且，大伞齿61与小伞齿62分离，压簧411处于自 由状态。请结合图7，随后按下手持部上的操作按钮，驱动马达带动输入轴51转动，并通过第一锥齿轮521和第二锥齿轮522啮合传动，带动第二螺杆41旋转，进而使套设在第二螺杆41上的螺套42推动闭合组件44和大伞齿61朝末端方向前进，直到大伞齿61与小伞齿62啮合连接，压簧411被压缩，此时就是钉仓21和钉砧11的吻合位置，并通过感应开关200(光电开关)定位，吻合机构处于闭合状态。请结合图8，当吻合机构处于闭合状态后，拨动拨钮71，安全开关7处于“锁定”状态，此时闭合组件44被锁住。随后驱动马达继续转动，大伞齿61与小伞齿62啮合带动第一螺杆31转动，第一螺杆31带动击发螺母32在第一轴向方向上向上移动，从而推动推钉片24实现击发，击发完成后击发螺母32自动退回起始位置。待击发完成后，拨回安全开关，驱动马达接收信号反转，第二螺杆41带动闭合组件44自动后退到钳口最大位置(可通过驱动马达圈数控制)，与初始状态一致。
综上所述：本发明的外科手术器械和直线型吻合器通过设置推钉组件和变向传动装置，当吻合机构闭合时，变向传动装置驱使推钉组件中的第一螺杆旋转，以使套设在其上的击发螺母相对于第一螺杆在第一轴线方向上移动，从而使钉仓中的缝合钉依次击发，使其不会出现大小头和燕尾等问题。故，该外科手术器械和直线型吻合器采用依次成钉的方式，能节约所需的击发力，以避免钉砧产生形变，并具有较好的成钉效果、缝合效果以及手术安全性。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种外科手术器械，其特征在于，包括：
    吻合机构，包括钉砧组件和用于安装钉仓组件的安装部，所述钉仓组件包括用于容置缝合钉的钉仓，所述钉砧组件包括与所述钉仓相配合的钉砧；
    推钉组件，推动所述缝合钉依次成钉；
    传动组件，与所述钉仓组件和推钉组件连接，驱使所述钉仓组件相对于所述钉砧组件移动，驱动所述推钉组件运动；
    驱动组件，与所述传动组件连接，驱动所述传动组件运动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述推钉组件包括设置在所述钉砧组件上的第一螺杆和套设在所述第一螺杆上的击发螺母，定义所述第一螺杆和击发螺母的轴线方向为第一轴线方向；所述外科手术器械还包括变向传动装置，当所述吻合机构闭合时，所述变向传动装置连接所述推钉组件和传动组件并驱使所述第一螺杆旋转，以使所述击发螺母相对于所述第一螺杆在所述第一轴线方向上移动。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述传动组件包括传动杆，所述传动杆连接所述驱动组件并在驱动组件作用下自转，定义所述传动杆的轴线方向为第二轴线方向，所述第一轴线方向与第二轴线方向垂直。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述变向传动装置包括套设在所述传动杆上的大伞齿以及套设在所述第一螺杆上的小伞齿，当所述吻合机构闭合时，所述大伞齿与所述小伞齿啮合连接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述传动杆为第二螺杆，所述第二螺杆上套设有螺套和套管，所述套管连接所述螺套并设置在所述螺套和大伞齿之间，当所述驱动组件驱动所述第二螺杆自转时，所述螺套相对于所述第二螺杆在第二轴线方向上移动，进而驱使所述套管相对于所述第二螺杆在第二轴线方向上移动。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述传动组件还包括套设在所述第二螺杆上的闭合组件，所述闭合组件包括第一闭合杆和第二闭合杆，所述螺套固定连接所述第一闭合杆和第二闭合杆，且所述螺套设置在所述 第一闭合杆和第二闭合杆之间；所述第一闭合杆连接所述钉仓组件，所述第二闭合杆设置在靠近所述驱动组件的一侧，当所述驱动组件驱动所述第二螺杆自转时，所述螺套相对于所述第二螺杆在第二轴线方向上移动，进而驱使所述第一闭合杆和第二闭合杆在所述第二轴线方向上移动。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述第二螺杆上还设有弹性件，所述弹性件设置在所述大伞齿和第一螺杆之间，当所述大伞齿与小伞齿啮合连接时，所述弹性件被压缩。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述外科手术器械还包括起止动作用安全开关，所述安全开关设置在所述闭合组件上，所述安全开关包括拨钮和切换轴，所述切换轴连接所述拨钮，所述第二闭合杆上开设有与所述切换轴相适应的通孔，当所述吻合机构闭合时，拨动所述拨钮，所述切换轴插入至所述通孔中，以锁定所述闭合组件。
  9. 如权利要求2所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述钉砧组件还包括下钳口臂，所述钉砧设置在所述下钳口臂上，所述下钳口臂上开设有用于容置所述第一螺杆和击发螺母的槽洞，所述第一螺杆通过第一轴承固定在所述下钳口臂上。
  10. 如权利要求3至9中任一项所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述外科手术器械还包括手持部，所述传动杆通过第二轴承固定在所述手持部中，所述驱动组件设置在所述手持部内，所述驱动组件包括驱动马达、与所述驱动马达连接的输入轴以及连接所述输入轴和传动杆的传动件。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的外科手术器械，其特征在于，所述外科手术器械还包括用于感应所述钉仓组件的位置的感应开关，所述感应开关设置在所述手持部内。
  12. 一种直线型吻合器，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至11项中任一项所述的外科手术器械和钉仓组件，所述钉仓组件安装在所述安装部上。
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