WO2020133411A1 - 一种艾氟康唑的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种艾氟康唑的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2020133411A1
WO2020133411A1 PCT/CN2018/125609 CN2018125609W WO2020133411A1 WO 2020133411 A1 WO2020133411 A1 WO 2020133411A1 CN 2018125609 W CN2018125609 W CN 2018125609W WO 2020133411 A1 WO2020133411 A1 WO 2020133411A1
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efluconazole
add
reaction
formula
compound
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PCT/CN2018/125609
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魏彦君
萨胡拉杰斯
孙延春
王建
邢艳平
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山东威智医药工业有限公司
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Priority to EP18944314.6A priority Critical patent/EP3885341A4/en
Priority to US17/281,544 priority patent/US20210363129A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2018/125609 priority patent/WO2020133411A1/zh
Priority to JP2021517631A priority patent/JP2022515696A/ja
Priority to KR1020217017538A priority patent/KR102622061B1/ko
Priority to CN201880097322.9A priority patent/CN112805271A/zh
Priority to CA3115742A priority patent/CA3115742C/en
Publication of WO2020133411A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133411A1/zh
Priority to IL282108A priority patent/IL282108A/en

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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/06Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D249/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D249/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
    • C07D249/081,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
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    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/445Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine
    • A61K31/4523Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/454Non condensed piperidines, e.g. piperocaine containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. pimozide, domperidone
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/10Antimycotics

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  • the invention relates to the field of drug synthesis, in particular to a preparation method of efluconazole or its salt.
  • Eficonazole (common name: Efinaconazole, trade name: Jublia) is a topical triazole antifungal drug, which is used to treat onychomycosis, has better therapeutic effect and lower side effects.
  • Efconazole was developed by Dow Pharmaceuticals and approved by the FDA as an external triazole antifungal drug on June 6, 2014. Clinically, 10% solution is used to treat onychomycosis.
  • Patent CN1122598B discloses the use of (2R,3S)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-methyl-2-[(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl ]
  • a method for preparing efluconazole with ethylene oxide and 4-methylene piperidine hydrochloride a large excess of 4-methylene piperidine hydrochloride is usually used in this method, and the reaction takes a long time High temperature heating, high cost, low yield, many by-products, low product purity.
  • Patent CN103080100B discloses the preparation method of efluconazole, which adopts basically the same route as patent CN1122598B, but uses different reaction conditions. The change of reaction conditions has improved the reaction yield to a certain extent. Among them, the use of 4-methylene piperidine hydrobromide or hydroiodide has obtained a higher yield, but the use of 4-methylene piperidine The yield of pyridine hydrochloride is still low, and it is easy to produce more impurities, which ultimately affects the purity and yield of efluconazole.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing efluconazole, which method
  • the reaction conditions are mild, the product yield is high, the purity is high, the production cost is low, and it is suitable for industrial production.
  • the preparation method of efluconazole of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • X in the compound of formula B may be Cl, Br or I, preferably Cl.
  • the base used in the reaction is selected from one or more of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, and lithium carbonate, preferably potassium hydroxide.
  • the reaction solvent used in the reaction is selected from acetonitrile, DMF, DME or DMSO, preferably acetonitrile.
  • the bromide used in the reaction is lithium bromide or magnesium bromide, preferably lithium bromide.
  • the molar ratio of bromide to the compound of formula A is 1.5-2.5:1, preferably 2.0:1.
  • the mass ratio of the reaction solvent to the compound of formula A is 2-5:1, preferably 2:1.
  • the molar ratio of the base to the compound of formula A is 1.0 to 1.8:1, preferably 1.3:1.
  • the molar ratio of the compound of formula A to the compound of formula B is 1:1.0 to 1:1.8, preferably 1:1.3.
  • the reaction can be carried out under heating conditions, the reaction time varies according to the reaction temperature and the solvent used, and the reaction is carried out under normal pressure.
  • the temperature of the ring-opening addition reaction is 70-90°C, preferably 85°C; the time of the ring-opening addition reaction is 14-24 hours, preferably 20h.
  • the method further includes: after the reaction is completed, post-processing the product to obtain crude efluconazole, wherein the post-treatment does not include a crystallization step.
  • the post-treatment is to add ethanol and water to the product, wherein the mass ratio of ethanol and water is 5:6 to 6:6, preferably 5.5:6.
  • the method further includes a crystallization step.
  • the crystallization step includes: adding the crude afliconazole to a crystallization solvent, stirring and crystallizing, and filtering to obtain pure afliconazole.
  • the crystallization temperature is 0-25°C, preferably 0-10°C, more preferably 5-8°C.
  • the time for stirring and crystallization is 2-15 hours, preferably 4-14 hours.
  • the crystallization solvent used in the crystallization step may be n-heptane, isopropyl ether, acetonitrile/water, acetone/water, ethanol/water, ethanol/acetonitrile/water, ether/n-hex
  • the alkane, or cyclohexane is preferably cyclohexane.
  • the prepared efluconazole can form a salt with an acid.
  • the prepared efluconazole can form methanesulfonate with methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid can form p-toluenesulfonate.
  • FIG. 1 is a 1 H-NMR chart of the pure efluconazole prepared in Example 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a 13 C-NMR chart of the pure efluconazole prepared in Example 2 of the present application.
  • Ethylene oxide is prepared by the method of Example 2 in patent CN106608867A;
  • 4-methylene piperidine hydrochloride can be prepared by reacting 4-methylene piperidine with hydrochloric acid, for example, 4-methylene Piperidine hydrochloride can be prepared according to the following reaction.
  • the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure until it does not slip (in the form of oil), add ethanol (825g), filter, and the filtrate is cooled to 0-10°C , 900g of purified water was added dropwise. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was kept under heat and stirred for 2 hours, filtered with suction, and the filter cake was vacuum dried at 47° C. to obtain 167.0 g of crude off-white solid efluconazole with a yield of 80.27%. The purity is 99.25%.
  • the mass ratio of added ethanol and water is 5:6 to 6:6, preferably 5.5:6.
  • the following further provides an example in which the mass ratio of adding ethanol to water in the post-treatment for preparing crude efluconazole is 4:6 to 6:6.
  • the purification method of cyclohexane can make the total impurities of the product less than 0.10%, the HPLC purity is greater than 99.90%, and the purification yield is above 80%.
  • the purification methods of other solvents can only control the total impurity of the product to be less than 0.5%.
  • the purification yield of the ethanol/water system is between 75% and 97%, and the HPLC purity is between 99.5 and 99.9%.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种艾氟康唑的制备方法,包括以下步骤:在溴化物和碱的存在下,在反应溶剂中,使(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-2-[(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷与4-亚甲基哌啶的无机酸盐进行开环加成反应,以获得艾氟康唑。本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法的反应条件温和,产品收率高、纯度高,生产成本低,适用于工业生产。

Description

一种艾氟康唑的制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及药物合成领域,具体涉及一种艾氟康唑或其盐的制备方法。
背景技术
艾氟康唑(通用名:Efinaconazole,商品名:Jublia)是一种外用型三唑类抗真菌药物,其用于治疗甲癣,具有较好的治疗效果和较低的副作用。艾氟康唑由Dow制药公司研发,2014年6月6日由FDA批准作为外用三唑类抗真菌药物,临床上用10%的溶液来治疗灰指甲(Onychomycosis)。艾氟康唑的化学名为(2R,3R)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-(4-亚甲基哌啶-1-基)-1-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)丁烷-2-醇,CAS登记号为164650-44-6,结构式如式I所示:
Figure PCTCN2018125609-appb-000001
专利CN1122598B公开了使用(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-2-[(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷和4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐来制备艾氟康唑的方法,该方法中通常要使用大量过量的4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐,并且反应需长时间高温加热,成本较高,收率低,副产物多,产品纯度低。
专利CN103080100B公开了艾氟康唑的制备方法,采用与专利CN1122598B基本相同的路径,但使用不同的反应条件。反应条件的改变,使反应收率得到了一定的提高,其中使用4-亚甲基哌啶的氢溴酸盐或氢碘酸盐获得了较高的收率,但是使用4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐时收率依旧偏低,容易产生较多的杂质,最终影响艾氟康唑的纯度和收率。
Keiji Tamura等人在非专利文献(The Journal of OrganicChemistry,2014,79(7),3272-3278)中报道了以乙醇为溶剂微波加热的方法,使(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-2-[(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷和4-亚 甲基哌啶反应制得艾氟康唑,但是该反应需要高温加热
因此,本领域仍然需要进一步开发反应条件温和、收率高、纯度高,适用于工业生产的艾氟康唑的制备方法。
发明内容
针对现有技术中在艾氟康唑的制备中存在的问题,如,原料反应不完,收率低,纯度低,成本高等,本发明提供了一种艾氟康唑的制备方法,该方法反应条件温和,产品收率高、纯度高,生产成本低,适用于工业生产。
本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法包括以下步骤:
在溴化物和碱的存在下,在反应溶剂中,使(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-2-[(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(式A化合物)与4-亚甲基哌啶的酸加成盐(式B化合物)进行开环加成反应,以获得艾氟康唑(式I化合物)
Figure PCTCN2018125609-appb-000002
其中,式B化合物中的X可以是Cl、Br或I,优选为Cl。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,反应中所用的碱选自氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、碳酸钾、碳酸锂中的一种或多种,优选为氢氧化钾。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,反应中所用的反应溶剂选自乙腈、DMF、DME或DMSO,优选为乙腈。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,反应中所用的溴化物为溴化锂或溴化镁,优选为溴化锂。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,其中溴化物与式A化合物的摩尔比为1.5~2.5:1,优选为2.0:1。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,其中反应溶剂与式A化合物的质量比为2~5:1,优选为2:1。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,其中碱与式A化合物的摩尔比为1.0~1.8:1,优选为1.3:1。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,其中式A化合物与式B化合物的摩尔比为1:1.0~1:1.8,优选为1:1.3。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,反应可以在加热条件下进行,反应时间根据反应温度、使用溶剂的不同而不同,反应在常压下进行。具体地,开环加成反应的温度为70~90℃,优选为85℃;开环加成反应的时间为14~24h,优选为20h。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,所述方法还包括:在反应结束后,对产物进行后处理以获得艾氟康唑粗品,其中所述后处理不包括结晶步骤。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,其中所述后处理为向产物中加入乙醇和水,其中乙醇和水的质量比为5:6~6:6,优选为5.5:6。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,所述方法还包括结晶步骤。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,所述结晶步骤包括:将艾氟康唑粗品加入结晶溶剂中,搅拌析晶,过滤,得艾氟康唑纯品。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,在结晶步骤中,析晶温度为0~25℃,优选为0-10℃,更优选5-8℃。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,在结晶步骤中,搅拌析晶的时间为2-15小时,优选为4-14小时。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,其中结晶步骤中使用的结晶溶剂可以是正庚烷、异丙醚、乙腈/水、丙酮/水、乙醇/水、乙醇/乙腈/水、乙醚/正己烷,或环己烷,优选为环己烷。
根据本发明的艾氟康唑的制备方法,制备得到的艾氟康唑可以与酸形成盐。制备得到的艾氟康唑可以与甲烷磺酸形成甲烷磺酸盐,对甲苯磺酸形成对甲苯磺酸盐。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例2制备得到的艾氟康唑纯品的 1H-NMR图谱。
图2为本申请实施例2制备得到的艾氟康唑纯品的 13C-NMR图谱。
具体实施方式
下列实施例进一步解释说明本发明,但是,它们并不构成对本发明范围的限制或限定。
以下实施例中使用的(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-2-[(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷通过专利CN106608867A中实施例2的方法制得;4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐可以通过4-亚甲基哌啶与盐酸反应制得,例如,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐可以按照下述反应制得。
Figure PCTCN2018125609-appb-000003
实施例1 艾氟康唑粗品的制备
在2L反应瓶中,加入乙腈300g,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(103.6g,0.78mol),NaOH(31.0g,0.78mol),25~35℃下搅1h,加入LiBr(103.6g,1.19mol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(150.0g,0.60mol)。开始加热升温至回流,保温85~90℃左右,保温搅拌20h,停止加热,过滤后滤液减压浓缩至不出溜(呈油状物),加入乙醇(825g),过滤,滤液降温至0~10℃,滴加纯化水900g。滴加完毕后保温搅拌2h,抽滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类白色固体艾氟康唑粗品167.0g,收率80.27%。纯度为99.25%。
实施例2 艾氟康唑纯品的制备
取艾氟康唑粗品150g,加入无水乙醇450g,溶清,室温搅拌40min,过滤,滤液降温至0~10℃,滴加纯化水900g。滴加完毕后保温搅拌15h,抽滤,滤饼450g乙醇/水=1/2淋洗,47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体144g,收率96.0%,纯度为99.88%。制备得到的艾氟康唑纯品的 1H-NMR图谱和 13C-NMR图谱分别参见图1和图2。
实施例3 艾氟康唑粗品的制备
在2L反应瓶中,加入乙腈400g,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(138.2g,1.03mol), KOH(57.7g,1.03mol),加入LiBr(138.2g,1.59mol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(200.0g,0.80mol),开始加热升温至回流,保温85~90℃左右,保温搅拌20h,停止加热,过滤后滤液减压浓缩至不出溜(呈油状物),加入乙醇(1.1Kg),过滤,滤液降温至0~10℃,滴加纯化水1.2Kg。滴加完毕后保温搅拌2h,抽滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类白色固体艾氟康唑粗品230.48g,收率83.1%。纯度为99.01%。
实施例4 艾氟康唑纯品的制备
取艾氟康唑粗品180g,加入无水乙醇450g,溶清,室温搅拌20min,过滤,90g乙醇淋洗,滤液降温至0~10℃,滴加纯化水1.1Kg。滴加完毕后保温搅拌14h,抽滤,滤饼540g乙醇/水=1/2淋洗,47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体169.0g,收率93.89%,纯度为99.73%。制备得到的艾氟康唑纯品的 1H-NMR图谱和 13C-NMR图谱分别与图1和图2相同。
实施例5 艾氟康唑粗品的制备
在20L反应瓶中,加入乙腈4.0Kg,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(1.38Kg,10.3mol),KOH(577g,10.3mol),加入LiBr(1.38Kg,15.9mol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(2.0Kg,7.96mol)。开始加热升温至回流,保温85~90℃左右,保温搅拌20h,停止加热,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至不出溜(呈油状物),加入乙醇(11Kg),过滤,滤液搅拌下降温至0~10℃,滴加纯化水12Kg。滴加完毕后保温搅拌6h,抽滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类似白色固体艾氟康唑粗品2.41Kg,收率86.91%。纯度为99.73%。
实施例6 艾氟康唑纯品的制备
取艾氟康唑粗品2.2Kg,加入无水乙醇6.6Kg,搅拌溶清,室温搅拌40min,降温至0~10℃,滴加纯化水13.2Kg。滴加完毕后保温搅拌15h,抽滤,滤饼使用6.6Kg乙醇/水=1/2淋洗,抽干后47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体1.95Kg,收率88.64%,纯度为99.84%。制备得到的艾氟康唑纯品的 1H-NMR图谱和 13C-NMR图谱分别与图1和图2相同。
实施例7 艾氟康唑粗品的制备
在100L反应釜中,加入乙腈15.5Kg,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(5.5Kg,41.5mol),KOH(2.3Kg,41.5mol),加入LiBr(5.5Kg,63.8mol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(8.0Kg,31.8mol),开始加热升温至回流,保温85~90℃左右,保温搅拌20h,停止加热,冷却,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至不出溜(呈油状物),加入乙醇(44Kg),过滤,滤液搅拌下降温至0~10℃,滴加纯化水48.0Kg。滴加完毕后保温搅拌6h,离心2h,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类似白色固体艾氟康唑粗品8.55Kg,收率77.05%。纯度为99.38%。
实施例8 艾氟康唑纯品的制备
取艾氟康唑粗品8.0Kg,加入无水乙醇20.0Kg,搅拌溶清,室温搅拌30min,抽滤桶内垫有800g活性炭,开始抽滤,4.0Kg乙醇淋洗,滤液降温至0~10℃,滴加纯化水48.0Kg。滴加完毕后保温搅拌14h,开始离心,使用24.0Kg乙醇/水=1/2浆洗产品,再次离心2h后47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体7.51Kg,收率93.88%,纯度为99.84%。制备得到的艾氟康唑纯品的 1H-NMR图谱和 13C-NMR图谱分别与图1和图2相同。
在制备艾氟康唑粗品的后处理(实施例1、3、5、7)中,加入乙醇和水的质量比为5:6~6:6,优选为5.5:6。下面进一步给出制备艾氟康唑粗品的后处理中加入乙醇和水的质量比为4:6~6:6的实施例。
实施例9
在反应瓶中,加入乙腈20g,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(8.0g,59.71mmol),NaOH(2.4g,59.7mmol),加入LiBr(6.9g,95.5mmol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(10g,39.80mmol),开始加热升温至85~90℃左右搅拌20h,停止加热,冷却,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至不出溜,加入乙醇40g,滴加纯化水60g,搅拌析出固体,过滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类白色固体艾氟康唑粗品12.36g,收率89.11%,HPLC纯度97.76%。
实施例10
在反应瓶中,加入乙腈20g,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(8.0g,59.71mmol),NaOH(2.4g,59.7mmol),加入LiBr(6.9g,95.5mmol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(10g,39.80mmol),开始加热升温至85~90℃左右搅拌20h,停止加热,冷却,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至不出溜,加入乙醇45g,滴加纯化水60g,搅拌析出固体,过滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类白色固体艾氟康唑粗品12.61g,收率90.91%,HPLC纯度95.73%。
实施例11
在反应瓶中,加入乙腈20g,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(8.0g,59.71mmol),NaOH(2.4g,59.7mmol),加入LiBr(6.9g,95.5mmol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(10g,39.80mmol),开始加热升温至85~90℃左右搅拌20h,停止加热,冷却,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至不出溜,加入乙醇50g,滴加纯化水60g,搅拌析出固体,过滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类白色固体艾氟康唑粗品12.52g,收率90.27%,HPLC纯度97.27%。
实施例12
在反应瓶中,加入乙腈20g,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(8.0g,59.71mmol),NaOH(2.4g,59.7mmol),加入LiBr(6.9g,95.5mmol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(10g,39.80mmol),开加热升温至85~90℃左右搅拌20h,停止加热,冷却,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至不出溜,加入乙醇80g,滴加纯化水90g,搅拌析出固体,过滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类白色固体艾氟康唑粗品17.44g,收率83.82%,HPLC纯度99.05%。
实施例13
在反应瓶中,加入乙腈30g,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(12.0g,89.56mmol),NaOH(3.6g,89.56mmol),加入LiBr(13.8g,95.5mmol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(15g,59.71mmol),开始加热升温至85~90℃左右搅拌20h,停止加热,冷却,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至不出溜,加入 乙醇90g,滴加纯化水90g,搅拌析出固体,过滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类白色固体艾氟康唑粗品17.88g,收率85.94%,HPLC纯度99.53%。
实施例14
在反应瓶中,加入乙腈75g,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(12.0g,89.56mmol),NaOH(3.6g,89.56mmol),加入LiBr(13.8g,95.5mmol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(15g,59.71mmol),开始加热升温至85~90℃左右搅拌20h,停止加热,冷却,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至不出溜,加入乙醇90g,滴加纯化水90g,搅拌析出固体,过滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类白色固体艾氟康唑粗品14.82g,收率71.22%,HPLC纯度99.45%。
实施例15
在反应瓶中,加入乙腈30g,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(12.0g,89.56mmol),NaOH(3.6g,89.56mmol),加入LiBr(13.8g,95.5mmol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(15g,59.71mmol),开始加热升温至85~90℃左右搅拌24h,停止加热,冷却,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至不出溜,加入乙醇90g,滴加纯化水90g,搅拌析出固体,过滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类白色固体艾氟康唑粗品16.5g,收率79.2%,HPLC纯度99.52%。
实施例16
在反应瓶中,加入乙腈30g,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(8.0g,59.71mmol),NaOH(2.4g,59.71mmol),加入LiBr(13.8g,95.5mmol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(15g,59.71mmol),开始加热升温至85~90℃左右搅拌14h,停止加热,冷却,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至不出溜,加入乙醇90g,滴加纯化水90g,搅拌析出固体,过滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类白色固体艾氟康唑粗品16.1g,收率77.3%,HPLC纯度99.74%。
实施例17
在反应瓶中,加入乙腈30g,4-亚甲基哌啶盐酸盐(8.0g,59.71mmol), NaOH(2.4g,59.71mmol),加入LiBr(13.8g,95.5mmol),(2R,3S)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-3-甲基-[(1H-1,2,4-三氮唑-1-基)甲基]环氧乙烷(15g,59.71mmol),开始加热升温至85~90℃左右搅拌20h,停止加热,冷却,过滤,滤液减压浓缩至不出溜,加入乙醇60g,滴加纯化水90g,搅拌析出固体,过滤,滤饼47℃真空干燥得类白色固体艾氟康唑粗品17.5g,收率84.3%,HPLC纯度98.44%。
在艾氟康唑的结晶操作中,对艾氟康唑的结晶溶剂做了考察,分别考察了正庚烷、异丙醚、乙腈/水、丙酮/水、乙醇/水、乙醇/乙腈/水、乙醚/正己烷、环己烷。具体结晶操作在以下实施例中给出。
实施例18
取艾氟康唑5.0g,加入正庚烷25mL,搅拌升温至溶清,保温50~55℃搅拌30min,缓慢降温析晶,2h内降温至0~10℃。保温搅拌2h,过滤,滤饼于47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体4.42g,收率88.4%,HPLC纯度为99.71%。
实施例19
取艾氟康唑5.0g,加入异丙醚12.5mL,搅拌升温至溶清,保温50~55℃搅拌30min,缓慢降温析晶,2h内降温至0~10℃。保温搅拌2h,过滤。滤饼于47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体3.24g,收率64.8%,HPLC纯度为99.55%。
实施例20
取艾氟康唑5.0g,加入乙腈15mL,搅拌至溶清,滴加纯化水30mL,逐渐有固体析出,降温至0~10℃。保温搅拌2h,过滤。滤饼于47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体4.41g,收率88.2%,HPLC纯度为99.78%。
实施例21
取艾氟康唑5.0g,加入丙酮15mL,搅拌至溶清,滴加纯化水30mL,逐渐有固体析出,降温至0~10℃。保温搅拌2h,过滤。滤饼于47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体4.74g,收率94.8%,HPLC纯度为99.77%。
实施例22
取艾氟康唑15.0g,加入乙醇45mL,搅拌至溶清,滴加纯化水90mL,逐渐有固体析出,降温至0~10℃。保温搅拌2h,过滤。滤饼于47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体14.35g,收率95.67%,HPLC纯度为99.75%。
实施例23
取艾氟康唑5.0g,加入乙腈15mL,乙醇15mL,搅拌至溶清,滴加纯化水60mL,逐渐有固体析出,降温至0~10℃。保温搅拌12h,过滤。滤饼于47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体4.48g,收率89.6%,HPLC纯度为99.74%。
实施例24
取艾氟康唑5.0g,加入乙醚7.5mL,搅拌至溶清,滴入正己烷46mL,降温至0~10℃。保温搅拌2h,过滤。滤饼于47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体3.43g,收率68.6%,HPLC纯度为99.77%。
实施例25
取艾氟康唑100g,加入环己烷300mL,搅拌升温至溶清,保温40~50℃搅拌30min,缓慢降温析晶,2h内降温至5~8℃。保温搅拌4h,过滤,滤饼于47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体81.92g,收率81.92%,HPLC纯度为99.94%。
实施例26
取艾氟康唑10.0g,加入乙醇50mL,搅拌至溶清,滴加纯化水60mL,逐渐有固体析出,降温至0~10℃。保温搅拌2h,过滤。滤饼于47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体8.32g,收率83.2%,HPLC纯度为99.82%。
实施例27
取艾氟康唑10.0g,加入乙醇60mL,搅拌至溶清,滴加纯化水60mL,逐渐有固体析出,降温至0~10℃。保温搅拌2h,过滤。滤饼于47℃真空干燥得艾氟康唑白色固体7.84g,收率78.4%,HPLC纯度为99.85%。
根据上述实施例18-27,环己烷的纯化方式可以使产品总杂质小于0.10%,HPLC纯度大于99.90%,纯化收率在80%以上。其他溶剂的纯化方式均只能控制产品总杂质小于0.5%。乙醇/水体系的纯化收率在75%~97%之间,HPLC纯度在99.5~99.9%之间。
实施例28
取艾氟康唑100g,加入异丙醇500mL,搅拌下加入对甲苯磺酸54.52g,升温至70℃溶清,2h内降温至5~8℃。保温搅拌1h,过滤。滤饼于47℃真空干燥得白色艾氟康唑对甲苯磺酸盐固体138.5g,收率93.10%。
实施例29
取艾氟康唑100g,加入乙醇500mL,搅拌溶清。加入对甲苯磺酸54.52g,升温至78℃溶清,2h内降温至5~8℃。保温搅拌1h,过滤。滤饼于47℃真空干燥得白色艾氟康唑对甲苯磺酸盐固体132.5g,收率89.20%。
实施例30
取艾氟康唑10g,加入乙醇50mL,搅拌溶清。加入甲烷磺酸2.75g,升温至78℃溶清,2h内降温至5~8℃。保温搅拌1h,过滤。滤饼于47℃真空干燥得白色艾氟康唑甲烷磺酸盐固体9.96g,收率78.1%。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种艾氟康唑的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
    在溴化物和碱的存在下,在反应溶剂中,使式A化合物与式B化合物进行开环加成反应,以获得式I化合物
    Figure PCTCN2018125609-appb-100001
    其中,所述式B化合物中的X可以是Cl、Br或I,优选为Cl。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中反应中所用的碱选自氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠、碳酸钾、碳酸锂中的一种或多种,优选为氢氧化钾。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中反应中所用的反应溶剂选自乙腈、DMF、DME或DMSO,优选为乙腈。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法,其中反应中所用的溴化物为溴化锂或溴化镁,优选为溴化锂。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法,其中所述溴化物与所述式A化合物的摩尔比为1.5~2.5:1,优选为2.0:1。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的方法,其中所述反应溶剂与所述式A化合物的质量比为2~5:1,优选为2:1。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法,其中所述碱与所述式A化合物的摩尔比为1.0~1.8:1,优选为1.3:1。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法,其中所述式A化合物与所述式B化合物的摩尔比为1:1.0~1:1.8,优选为1:1.3。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法,其中所述开环加成反应的温度为70~90℃,优选为85℃;所述开环加成反应的时间为14~24h,优选为20h。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法,所述方法还包括:在反应结束后,对产物进行后处理以获得艾氟康唑粗品,其中所述后处理不包括结晶步骤。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述后处理为向产物中加入乙醇和水,其中乙醇和水的质量比为5:6~6:6,优选为5.5:6。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法,所述方法还包括结晶步骤。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述结晶步骤包括:将艾氟康唑粗品加入结晶溶剂中,搅拌析晶,过滤,得艾氟康唑纯品。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中,在所述结晶步骤中,析晶温度为0~25℃,优选为0-10℃,更优选5-8℃;搅拌析晶的时间为2-15小时,优选为4-14小时。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述结晶步骤中使用的结晶溶剂选自正庚烷、异丙醚、乙腈/水、丙酮/水、乙醇/水、乙醇/乙腈/水、乙醚/正己烷,或环己烷,优选为环己烷。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的方法,将得到的式I化合物与酸形成盐。
PCT/CN2018/125609 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 一种艾氟康唑的制备方法 WO2020133411A1 (zh)

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PCT/CN2018/125609 WO2020133411A1 (zh) 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 一种艾氟康唑的制备方法
JP2021517631A JP2022515696A (ja) 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 エフィナコナゾールの調製方法
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