WO2020105604A1 - 固体電解質、電極合剤、固体電解質層及び全固体電池 - Google Patents
固体電解質、電極合剤、固体電解質層及び全固体電池Info
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- WO2020105604A1 WO2020105604A1 PCT/JP2019/045154 JP2019045154W WO2020105604A1 WO 2020105604 A1 WO2020105604 A1 WO 2020105604A1 JP 2019045154 W JP2019045154 W JP 2019045154W WO 2020105604 A1 WO2020105604 A1 WO 2020105604A1
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- Prior art keywords
- solid electrolyte
- powder
- solid
- aluminum
- lithium ion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/10—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances sulfides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0088—Composites
- H01M2300/0091—Composites in the form of mixtures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid electrolyte preferably used for an all solid state battery.
- Patent Document 1 As a conventional technique relating to a solid electrolyte, for example, one described in Patent Document 1 is known.
- the document describes a sulfide solid electrolyte material made of glass ceramics composed of an ionic conductor containing lithium, phosphorus and sulfur, and lithium halide.
- This sulfide solid electrolyte material is described in the document as having high lithium ion conductivity. Further, the same document describes that the content of Al 2 O 3 contained in the sulfide solid electrolyte material is less than 7% by weight, and actually, at least 2% by weight of Al 2 O 3 is contained. ing.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a solid electrolyte having improved lithium ion conductivity as compared with the above-mentioned conventional technique.
- the present invention provides a solid electrolyte containing 100 ppm to 1000 ppm of aluminum on a mass basis and having lithium ion conductivity.
- the present invention also provides an electrode mixture containing the above solid electrolyte and an active material. Furthermore, the present invention provides an all-solid-state battery containing the above solid electrolyte.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention includes a material having lithium ion conductivity in the solid state (hereinafter, also referred to as “lithium ion conductive material”).
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention preferably has a lithium ion conductivity of 4.0 mS / cm or more at room temperature, that is, 25 ° C., and particularly preferably a lithium ion conductivity of 4.2 mS / cm or more, and particularly preferably.
- the lithium ion conductivity can be measured using the method described in Examples described later.
- lithium ion conductive material a material known in the art is used. Examples include oxide solid electrolytes, nitride solid electrolytes, boron solid electrolytes, and sulfide solid electrolytes. These lithium ion conductive materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- oxide solid electrolyte examples include a garnet type, a Nasicon type, a Lisicon type, and a perovskite type.
- Specific compositions include, for example, La 0.57 Li 0.29 TiO 3 , Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 , La 0.51 Li 0.34 TiO 2.94 , Li 14 Zn (GeO 4 ) 4 , La 0.5 Li 0.5 TiO 3 , Li 3.6 Si 0.6 P 0.4 O 4 , Li 3.4 V 0.6 Ge 0.4 O 4 , Li 2.9 PO 3.3 N 0.46 Li 3 (In 0.9 Nb 0.1 ) (PO 4) 3, Li 3 PO 4, LiTi 0.5 Zr 1.5 (PO 4) 3, LiTi 2 (PO 4) 3, LiZr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , LiGe 2 (PO 4 ) 3 , Li 6 La 2 BaTa 2 O 12 , Li 5.5 La 3 Nb 1.75 In 0.25 O 12 , Li 5 La 3 Ta 2 O 12 , Li. 3 OCl
- the sulfide solid electrolyte examples include solid electrolytes containing lithium element, phosphorus element and sulfur element.
- a solid electrolyte containing a lithium element, a phosphorus element, a sulfur element and a halogen element from the viewpoint of improving ionic conductivity.
- the sulfide solid electrolyte may contain other elements other than lithium element, phosphorus element, sulfur element and halogen element.
- part of the lithium element can be replaced with another alkali metal element
- part of the phosphorus element can be replaced with another pnictogen element
- part of the sulfur element can be replaced with another chalcogen element.
- the sulfide solid electrolyte is particularly preferably made of a material having an aldyrodiite type crystal structure.
- the aldilodite type crystal structure is a crystal structure of a compound group derived from a mineral represented by the chemical formula: Ag 8 GeS 6 . It is particularly preferable that the sulfide solid electrolyte having an aldilodite type crystal structure has a crystal structure belonging to a cubic system from the viewpoint of further improving ionic conductivity.
- the halogen contained therein is, for example, one selected from the group consisting of fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br) and iodine (I), or Two or more elements can be used. From the viewpoint of improving ionic conductivity, it is particularly preferable to use chlorine and bromine in combination as halogen.
- the sulfide solid electrolyte having an aldilodite type crystal structure has, for example, a composition formula: Li 7-a-2b PS 6-a-b X a
- X is an element of fluorine (F), an element of chlorine (Cl), an element of bromine (Br).
- a compound represented by at least one kind of element) and iodine (I) element) is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of further improving ionic conductivity.
- the halogen element in the composition formula include a fluorine (F) element, a chlorine (Cl) element, a bromine (Br) element, and an iodine (I) element, and one of them may be used. Alternatively, it may be a combination of two or more kinds.
- a indicating the molar ratio of the halogen element (X) is preferably 0.4 or more and 2.2 or less.
- a is in this range, the cubic aldilodite type crystal structure near room temperature (25 ° C.) is stable, and the conductivity of lithium ions can be increased.
- a is more preferably 0.5 or more and 2.0 or less, particularly preferably 0.6 or more and 1.8 or less, and more preferably 0.7 or more and 1.6 or less. ..
- b is a value indicating how little the Li 2 S component is relative to the stoichiometric composition. It is preferable that the value of b satisfies ⁇ 0.9 ⁇ b ⁇ ⁇ a + 2 from the viewpoint that the cubic aldilodite type crystal structure near room temperature (25 ° C.) is stable and the conductivity of lithium ions is high. In particular, from the viewpoint of enhancing the moisture resistance of the cubic aldilodite type crystal structure, b more preferably satisfies ⁇ a + 0.4 ⁇ b, and more preferably ⁇ a + 0.9 ⁇ b.
- 2 ⁇ 54.26 ° ⁇ 1.00 °, 58.35 ° ⁇ 1.00 °, 60.72 ° ⁇ 1.00 °, 61.50 ° ⁇ 1.00 °, 70.46 ° It also has characteristic peaks at ⁇ 1.00 ° and 72.61 ° ⁇ 1.00 °.
- the fact that the sulfide solid electrolyte does not contain the crystal phase of the aldyrodite type structure can be confirmed by not having the characteristic peak in the crystal phase of the aldyrodite type structure described above.
- the sulfide solid electrolyte having an aldyrodiite type crystal structure means that the sulfide solid electrolyte has at least a crystal phase having an aldyrodite type structure.
- the sulfide solid electrolyte preferably has a crystal phase having an aldyrodiite structure as a main phase.
- the “main phase” refers to a phase having the largest ratio to the total amount of all the crystal phases constituting the sulfide solid electrolyte.
- the content ratio of the crystal phase of the aldirodite type structure contained in the sulfide solid electrolyte is preferably, for example, 60% by mass or more, and more preferably 70% by mass or more, with respect to the total crystal phase constituting the sulfide solid electrolyte. More preferably 80% by mass or more and 90% by mass or more.
- the ratio of the crystal phase can be confirmed by, for example, XRD.
- each of the various lithium ion conductive materials described above is a powder as an aggregate of particles.
- the material preferably has a volume cumulative particle diameter D 50 at a cumulative volume of 50% by volume measured by a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measurement method of, for example, 0.1 ⁇ m or more, and particularly 0 It is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more.
- the volume cumulative particle diameter D 50 is, for example, preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 5 ⁇ m or less.
- the volume cumulative particle diameter D 50 of the lithium ion conductive material is 0.1 ⁇ m or more, it is possible to suppress an increase in the surface area of the entire powder composed of the solid electrolyte, and it becomes difficult to increase the resistance and mix with the active material. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of such problems.
- the volume cumulative particle diameter D 50 of the lithium ion conductive material is 20 ⁇ m or less, for example, when the solid electrolyte of the present invention is used in combination with another solid electrolyte, the gap between the other solid electrolytes, etc. Then, the solid electrolyte of the present invention easily enters. Due to this, the contact points and contact areas of the solid electrolytes are increased, and the lithium ion conductivity can be effectively improved.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention contains aluminum in addition to the various lithium ion conductive materials described above.
- Aluminum is preferably contained in the solid electrolyte in the form of an aluminum compound. In other words, aluminum is preferably not present in the solid electrolyte in the state of metallic aluminum. It is also preferable that aluminum is not present in the material as a constituent element of the lithium ion conductive material.
- the aluminum compound is preferably contained independently in the solid electrolyte of the present invention in the form of particles.
- the aluminum compound examples include oxides of aluminum, inorganic compounds such as Al 2 O 3 , AlO, and Al 2 O. Of these aluminum oxides, Al 2 O 3 is preferably used from the viewpoint of improving ionic conductivity. That is, the aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte of the present invention is preferably derived from Al 2 O 3 .
- the crystal structure of Al 2 O 3 include ⁇ -alumina and ⁇ -alumina. Of these crystal structures, ⁇ -alumina is preferably used from the viewpoint of improving ionic conductivity.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention contains 100 ppm or more and 1000 ppm or less of aluminum on a mass basis.
- the aluminum content in the solid electrolyte of the present invention is preferably, for example, 180 ppm or more, and more preferably 190 ppm or more on a mass basis.
- the amount of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte of the present invention is, for example, 710 ppm or less, and more preferably 590 ppm or less, on a mass basis.
- the proportion of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte of the present invention can be measured by ICP emission spectroscopy.
- the proportion of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte of the present invention in terms of Al 2 O 3 is, for example, preferably 180 ppm or more, more preferably 340 ppm or more, and further preferably 360 ppm or more.
- the proportion of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte of the present invention is, for example, 2000 ppm or less, more preferably 1500 ppm or less, even more preferably 1200 ppm or less, in terms of Al 2 O 3 .
- the ratio in terms of Al 2 O 3 can be calculated from the ratio of aluminum (by mass) measured by ICP emission spectroscopy.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention may contain inevitable impurities in addition to the lithium ion conductive material and aluminum.
- the content of unavoidable impurities in the solid electrolyte is preferably an amount that does not impair the effects of the present invention, for example, is preferably less than 5 mol%, more preferably less than 3 mol%, and further preferably less than 1 mol%. Is more preferable.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention can be easily obtained, for example, by precisely mixing (a) particles of a lithium ion conductive material and particles of an aluminum compound in a predetermined ratio.
- the specific precision mixing method can be the same as general precision mixing, and is within the technical common sense of those skilled in the art, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.
- the particles of the lithium ion conductive material are wet pulverized using a medium made of alumina, and a small amount of alumina is mixed as an impurity into the particles of the lithium ion conductive material to obtain the purpose. It is also possible to obtain a solid electrolyte to be used.
- the solid electrolyte contain a desired proportion of aluminum element.
- the conditions of the wet pulverization include, for example, the concentration of a slurry composed of particles of a lithium ion conductive material and a solvent, the diameter of alumina beads, the purity of alumina beads, the peripheral speed of a pulverizer, the circulation speed of the slurry, and the like. It is not limited to these.
- the lithium ion conductive material contained in the solid electrolyte of the present invention can be manufactured by an appropriate method depending on its type.
- lithium sulfide Li 2 S
- Li 2 S 5 phosphorus pentasulfide
- LiCl lithium chloride
- LiBr lithium bromide
- the atmosphere containing hydrogen sulfide gas may be 100% hydrogen sulfide gas or a mixed gas of hydrogen sulfide gas and an inert gas such as argon.
- the firing temperature is preferably 350 ° C. or higher and 550 ° C. or lower.
- the holding time at this temperature is preferably, for example, 0.5 hours or more and 20 hours or less.
- the solid electrolyte of the present invention thus obtained can be used, for example, as a material forming a solid electrolyte layer or a material contained in an electrode mixture containing an active material. Specifically, it can be used as a positive electrode mixture forming a positive electrode layer containing a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode mixture forming a negative electrode layer containing a negative electrode active material. Therefore, the solid electrolyte of the present invention can be used in a battery having a solid electrolyte layer, that is, an all-solid battery. More specifically, it can be used for a lithium all-solid-state battery.
- the lithium all-solid-state battery may be a primary battery or a secondary battery, but among them, it is preferably used for the lithium secondary battery.
- the all-solid battery in the present invention has a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, a solid electrolyte layer between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, and has the solid electrolyte of the present invention.
- Examples of the shape of the all-solid-state battery in the present invention include a laminate type, a cylindrical type, and a square type.
- the solid electrolyte layer of the present invention is, for example, a method of dropping a slurry containing the solid electrolyte, a binder and a solvent onto a substrate and scraping it off with a doctor blade, a method of cutting the slurry with an air knife after bringing the slurry into contact with the substrate, and screen printing. It can be manufactured by a method in which a coating film is formed by a method or the like and then the solvent is removed through heating and drying. Alternatively, the solid electrolyte powder of the present invention may be press-molded and then appropriately processed to be manufactured.
- the solid electrolyte layer in the present invention may contain other solid electrolytes in addition to the solid electrolyte of the present invention.
- the thickness of the solid electrolyte layer in the present invention is typically preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 300 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the positive electrode mixture in the all-solid-state battery containing the solid electrolyte of the present invention contains a positive electrode active material.
- a positive electrode active material for example, a material used as a positive electrode active material of a lithium secondary battery can be appropriately used.
- the positive electrode active material include a spinel type lithium transition metal compound and a lithium metal oxide having a layered structure.
- the positive electrode mixture may contain other materials such as a conductive auxiliary agent in addition to the positive electrode active material.
- the negative electrode mixture in the all-solid-state battery containing the solid electrolyte of the present invention contains a negative electrode active material.
- a negative electrode active material for example, a negative electrode mixture used as a negative electrode active material of a lithium secondary battery can be appropriately used.
- the negative electrode active material include lithium metal, artificial graphite, natural graphite, carbon materials such as non-graphitizable carbon (hard carbon), silicon, silicon compounds, tin, and tin compounds.
- the negative electrode mixture may contain other materials such as a conductive auxiliary agent in addition to the negative electrode active material.
- Li 2 S powder, P 2 S 5 powder, LiCl powder, and LiBr powder were weighed so as to have a composition shown in Table 1 below so that the total amount was 75 g. These powders were pulverized and mixed using a ball mill to obtain a mixed powder. The mixed powder was fired to obtain a fired product having the composition shown in Table 1. Firing was performed using a tubular electric furnace. During firing, hydrogen sulfide gas having a purity of 100% was circulated at 1.0 L / min in the electric furnace. The firing temperature was set to 500 ° C. and the firing was performed for 4 hours.
- the fired product was crushed using a mortar and a pestle, and then coarsely crushed with a wet bead mill (zirconia beads having a diameter of 1 mm).
- the roughly crushed fired product was finely crushed using a wet bead mill (Picomill manufactured by Asada Iron Works Co., Ltd., model number: PCM-LR).
- High-purity ⁇ -alumina beads having a diameter of 0.3 mm (manufactured by Daimei Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., product TB-03, Al 2 O 3 purity 99.99% or more) were used for fine pulverization by a wet bead mill.
- Slurry concentration was 20%, peripheral speed was 6 m / s, circulation was 200 ml / min, and fine pulverization was performed.
- the pulverization time was adjusted to 30 minutes or more and 120 minutes or less so that the proportion of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte was the value shown in Table 1.
- the finely pulverized fired product was subjected to solid-liquid separation and dried, and the dried fired product was sieved with a sieve having an opening of 75 ⁇ m to obtain a target solid electrolyte powder.
- Example 2 Li 2 S powder, P 2 S 5 powder, LiCl powder, and LiBr powder were weighed so as to have a composition shown in Table 1 below so that the total amount was 75 g. Further, the time for fine pulverization was adjusted to 30 minutes or more and 120 minutes or less so that the ratio of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte was the value shown in Table 1. A solid electrolyte powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for this.
- Example 3 Li 2 S powder, P 2 S 5 powder, and LiCl powder were weighed so as to have the composition shown in Table 1 below so that the total amount was 75 g. Further, the time for fine pulverization was adjusted to 30 minutes or more and 120 minutes or less so that the ratio of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte was the value shown in Table 1. A solid electrolyte powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for this.
- Example 4 Li 2 S powder, P 2 S 5 powder, LiCl powder, and LiBr powder were weighed so as to have a composition shown in Table 1 below so that the total amount was 75 g. Further, the time for fine pulverization was adjusted to 30 minutes or more and 120 minutes or less so that the ratio of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte was the value shown in Table 1. A solid electrolyte powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for this.
- Example 5 Li 2 S powder, P 2 S 5 powder, LiCl powder, and LiBr powder were weighed so as to have a composition shown in Table 1 below so that the total amount was 75 g.
- low-purity ⁇ -alumina beads with a diameter of 0.3 mm Hira Ceramics, type AL9-20, Al 2 O 3 purity 99.57%) were used, and the peripheral speed was set to 8 m / s.
- pulverized Further, the time for fine pulverization was adjusted to 30 minutes or more and 120 minutes or less so that the ratio of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte was the value shown in Table 1.
- a solid electrolyte powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for this.
- Example 6 Li 2 S powder, P 2 S 5 powder, LiCl powder, and LiBr powder were weighed so as to have a composition shown in Table 1 below so that the total amount was 75 g. Further, the time for fine pulverization was adjusted to 30 minutes or more and 120 minutes or less so that the ratio of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte was the value shown in Table 1. A solid electrolyte powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except for this.
- Example 7 Using 9.996 g of the solid electrolyte powder obtained in Example 1 and 0.004 g of ⁇ -alumina powder having a diameter of 0.3 mm, precision mixing was performed while passing through a sieve having an opening of 75 ⁇ m three times to obtain a solid electrolyte powder. It was
- Example 8 Li 2 S powder, P 2 S 5 powder, LiCl powder, and LiBr powder were weighed so as to have a composition shown in Table 1 below so that the total amount was 75 g. Further, the slurry concentration was set to 10% and fine pulverization was performed. Further, the time for fine pulverization was adjusted to 30 minutes or more and 120 minutes or less so that the ratio of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte was the value shown in Table 1. A solid electrolyte powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except for this.
- Example 9 Li 2 S powder, P 2 S 5 powder, and LiCl powder were weighed so as to have the composition shown in Table 1 below so that the total amount was 75 g. Further, the time for fine pulverization was adjusted to 30 minutes or more and 120 minutes or less so that the ratio of aluminum contained in the solid electrolyte was the value shown in Table 1. A solid electrolyte powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except for this.
- Example 1 In Example 1, fine grinding was performed with the slurry concentration set to 30%. A solid electrolyte powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for this.
- Example 2 Low-purity ⁇ -alumina beads having a diameter of 0.3 mm (manufactured by Hira Ceramics, product type AL9-20, Al 2 O 3 purity 99.57%) were used for fine grinding with a wet bead mill, and the slurry concentration was 5%. Fine grinding was performed by setting the peripheral speed to 10 m / s. A solid electrolyte powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for this.
- a solid electrolyte with improved lithium ion conductivity is provided.
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Abstract
Description
以下の表1に示す組成となるように、Li2S粉末と、P2S5粉末と、LiCl粉末と、LiBr粉末とを、全量で75gになるように秤量した。これらの粉末を、ボールミルを用いて粉砕混合して混合粉末を得た。混合粉末を焼成して、表1に示す組成の焼成物を得た。焼成は管状電気炉を用いて行った。焼成の間、電気炉内に純度100%の硫化水素ガスを1.0L/minで流通させた。焼成温度は500℃に設定し4時間にわたり焼成を行った。焼成物を乳鉢及び乳棒を用いて解砕し、引き続き湿式ビーズミル(直径1mmのジルコニアビーズ)で粗粉砕した。粗粉砕した焼成物を、湿式ビーズミル(浅田鉄工株式会社製のピコミル、型番:PCM-LR)を用いて微粉砕した。湿式ビーズミルによる微粉砕には直径0.3mmの高純度αアルミナビーズ(大明化学工業製、品種TB-03、Al2O3純度99.99%以上)を用いた。スラリー濃度は20%、周速は6m/s、循環は200ml/minとし、微粉砕を行った。微粉砕を行う時間は、固体電解質に含まれるアルミニウムの割合が表1に示す値となるように、30分以上120分以下の間で調整した。微粉砕された焼成物を固液分離した後に乾燥させ、乾燥後の焼成物を目開き75μmの篩で篩い分けして、目的とする固体電解質粉末を得た。
以下の表1に示す組成となるように、Li2S粉末と、P2S5粉末と、LiCl粉末と、LiBr粉末とを、全量で75gになるように秤量した。また、微粉砕を行う時間は、固体電解質に含まれるアルミニウムの割合が表1に示す値となるように、30分以上120分以下の間で調整した。これ以外は実施例1と同様にして固体電解質粉末を得た。
以下の表1に示す組成となるように、Li2S粉末と、P2S5粉末と、LiCl粉末とを、全量で75gになるように秤量した。また、微粉砕を行う時間は、固体電解質に含まれるアルミニウムの割合が表1に示す値となるように、30分以上120分以下の間で調整した。これ以外は実施例1と同様にして固体電解質粉末を得た。
以下の表1に示す組成となるように、Li2S粉末と、P2S5粉末と、LiCl粉末と、LiBr粉末とを、全量で75gになるように秤量した。また、微粉砕を行う時間は、固体電解質に含まれるアルミニウムの割合が表1に示す値となるように、30分以上120分以下の間で調整した。これ以外は実施例1と同様にして固体電解質粉末を得た。
以下の表1に示す組成となるように、Li2S粉末と、P2S5粉末と、LiCl粉末と、LiBr粉末とを、全量で75gになるように秤量した。また、湿式ビーズミルによる微粉砕には直径0.3mmの低純度αアルミナビーズ(比良セラミックス製、品種AL9-20、Al2O3純度99.57%)を用い、周速を8m/sに設定して微粉砕を行った。また、微粉砕を行う時間は、固体電解質に含まれるアルミニウムの割合が表1に示す値となるように、30分以上120分以下の間で調整した。これ以外は実施例1と同様にして固体電解質粉末を得た。
以下の表1に示す組成となるように、Li2S粉末と、P2S5粉末と、LiCl粉末と、LiBr粉末とを、全量で75gになるように秤量した。また、微粉砕を行う時間は、固体電解質に含まれるアルミニウムの割合が表1に示す値となるように、30分以上120分以下の間で調整した。これ以外は実施例5と同様にして固体電解質粉末を得た。
実施例1で得られた固体電解質粉末9.996gと、直径0.3mmのαアルミナ粉末0.004gとを用い、目開き75μmの篩に3回通しながら精密混合して、固体電解質粉末を得た。
以下の表1に示す組成となるように、Li2S粉末と、P2S5粉末と、LiCl粉末と、LiBr粉末とを、全量で75gになるように秤量した。また、スラリー濃度を10%に設定して微粉砕を行った。また、微粉砕を行う時間は、固体電解質に含まれるアルミニウムの割合が表1に示す値となるように、30分以上120分以下の間で調整した。これ以外は実施例5と同様にして固体電解質粉末を得た。
以下の表1に示す組成となるように、Li2S粉末と、P2S5粉末と、LiCl粉末とを、全量で75gになるように秤量した。また、微粉砕を行う時間は、固体電解質に含まれるアルミニウムの割合が表1に示す値となるように、30分以上120分以下の間で調整した。これ以外は実施例8と同様にして固体電解質粉末を得た。
実施例1において、スラリー濃度を30%に設定して微粉砕を行った。これ以外は実施例1と同様にして固体電解質粉末を得た。
実施例1において、湿式ビーズミルによる微粉砕に直径0.3mmの低純度αアルミナビーズ(比良セラミックス製、品種AL9-20、Al2O3純度99.57%)を用い、スラリー濃度を5%に設定し、周速を10m/sに設定して微粉砕を行った。これ以外は実施例1と同様にして固体電解質粉末を得た。
実施例1で得られた固体電解質粉末9.789gと、直径0.3mmのαアルミナ粉末0.211gとを用い、目開き75μmの篩に3回通しながら精密混合して、固体電解質粉末を得た。
実施例及び比較例で得られた固体電解質について、ICP発光分光分析法によってアルミニウム元素の含有割合を測定した。また、アルミニウム元素の含有割合に基づきAl2O3の含有割合を算出した。更に、以下の方法でイオン伝導率を測定した。これらの結果を以下の表1に示す。
実施例及び比較例で得た固体電解質粉末を、十分に乾燥されたArガス(露点-60℃以下)で置換されたグローブボックス内で一軸加圧成形した。更に冷間等方圧加圧装置によって200MPaで成形し、直径10mm、厚み約4mm~5mmのペレットを作製した。ペレット上下両面に電極としてのカーボンペーストを塗布した後、180℃で30分間の熱処理を行い、イオン導電率測定用サンプルを作製した。サンプルのリチウムイオン導電率を、東陽テクニカ株式会社のソーラトロン1255Bを用いて測定した。測定は、温度25℃、周波数0.1Hz~1MHzの条件下、交流インピーダンス法によって行った。
Claims (8)
- 質量基準で100ppm以上1000ppm以下のアルミニウムを含有し、リチウムイオン伝導性を有する、固体電解質。
- 前記アルミニウムは、アルミニウムの酸化物由来である、請求項1に記載の固体電解質。
- リチウム元素、リン元素及び硫黄元素を含有する硫化物固体電解質である、請求項1又は2に記載の固体電解質。
- アルジロダイト型結晶構造を有する、請求項3に記載の固体電解質。
- リチウムイオン伝導度が、4.0mS/cm以上である、請求項1ないし4のいずれか一項に記載の固体電解質。
- 請求項1ないし5のいずれか一項に記載の固体電解質と、活物質とを含有する、電極合剤。
- 請求項1ないし5のいずれか一項に記載の固体電解質を含有する、固体電解質層。
- 請求項1ないし5のいずれか一項に記載の固体電解質を含有する、全固体電池。
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