WO2020071280A1 - 2軸配向ポリアミドフィルム及びポリアミドフィルムミルロール - Google Patents
2軸配向ポリアミドフィルム及びポリアミドフィルムミルロールInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020071280A1 WO2020071280A1 PCT/JP2019/038212 JP2019038212W WO2020071280A1 WO 2020071280 A1 WO2020071280 A1 WO 2020071280A1 JP 2019038212 W JP2019038212 W JP 2019038212W WO 2020071280 A1 WO2020071280 A1 WO 2020071280A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- film
- biaxially oriented
- polyamide film
- polyamide
- mill roll
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920006233 biaxially oriented polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 title claims description 54
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims description 54
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 98
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 47
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 44
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 31
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 16
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- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 16
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 13
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical class OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 description 9
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- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 7
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GZVHEAJQGPRDLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MBHRHUJRKGNOKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]methanol Chemical class NC1=NC(N)=NC(NCO)=N1 MBHRHUJRKGNOKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229920006121 Polyxylylene adipamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZJOLCKGSXLIVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;octadecanamide Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ZJOLCKGSXLIVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophenol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DVPHDWQFZRBFND-DMHDVGBCSA-N 1-o-[2-[(3ar,5r,6s,6ar)-2,2-dimethyl-6-prop-2-enoyloxy-3a,5,6,6a-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl]-2-[4-[(2s,3r)-1-butan-2-ylsulfanyl-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-4-oxoazetidin-3-yl]oxy-4-oxobutanoyl]oxyethyl] 4-o-[(2s,3r)-1-butan-2-ylsulfanyl-2-(2-chloropheny Chemical group C1([C@H]2[C@H](C(N2SC(C)CC)=O)OC(=O)CCC(=O)OC(COC(=O)CCC(=O)O[C@@H]2[C@@H](N(C2=O)SC(C)CC)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)Cl)[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]3OC(C)(C)O[C@H]3O2)OC(=O)C=C)=CC=CC=C1Cl DVPHDWQFZRBFND-DMHDVGBCSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
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- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl methyl ketone Natural products CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/18—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets by squeezing between surfaces, e.g. rollers
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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- C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
- C08G18/0823—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing carboxylate salt groups or groups forming them
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/4222—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups containing aromatic groups derived from aromatic polyhydroxy compounds and polycarboxylic acids
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/4247—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G18/4252—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyols containing polyether groups and polycarboxylic acids
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09D175/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J167/00—Adhesives based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J167/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/20—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
- C09J7/22—Plastics; Metallised plastics
- C09J7/25—Plastics; Metallised plastics based on macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
- B29C55/14—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial successively
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- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0037—Other properties
- B29K2995/005—Oriented
- B29K2995/0053—Oriented bi-axially
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- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29L2007/008—Wide strips, e.g. films, webs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2477/00—Presence of polyamide
- C09J2477/006—Presence of polyamide in the substrate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a biaxially oriented amide film having excellent impact resistance and pinhole resistance used for packaging foods and the like.
- the present invention relates to a biaxially oriented polyamide film in which, when a film near the end in the width direction of a mill roll is processed into a bag for food packaging, the S-curl phenomenon caused by moisture absorption is small.
- biaxially oriented polyamide films are widely used as packaging materials for various foods and the like because of their excellent mechanical properties, thermal properties, and gas barrier properties.
- elongation occurs due to moisture absorption in a high-humidity environment. Therefore, when processed into a bag, the bag is curled in an S-shape due to moisture absorption, and it becomes difficult to pack the bag into a box.
- a problem occurs in the transport unit of the device for filling the contents into the bag. Such a problem is likely to occur when a bag is made from a film of a slit roll near the end of the mill roll.
- a mill roll refers to a film roll having the entire width of a film forming apparatus that is wound after trimming both end portions in a film manufacturing process
- a slit roll is a slit that is formed by slitting a mill roll to perform printing or lamination. Refers to a film roll with a smaller width.
- the polyamide film used for food packaging is usually printed on its surface and then laminated with a polyolefin resin film such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP), and the polyamide film is placed outside and parallel to the flow direction. Then, it is folded into two, and three sides are heat-sealed and cut out to form a three-side seal bag with one side opened. Then, the bag is filled with the contents and sealed, and then supplied to the market.
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- the polyamide film used for such food packaging is mainly manufactured by a biaxial stretching method.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film produced by the biaxial stretching method tends to have variations in physical properties in the film width direction. This variation in physical properties in the width direction is considered to be caused by the Boeing phenomenon.
- the bowing phenomenon means that when the heat setting process causes high temperature and shrinkage stress in the vertical direction occurs, both ends of the film are gripped and restrained by clips, whereas the center of the film shrinks due to weak binding force Therefore, it is considered that the principal axis of the orientation is inclined in a bow shape in the width direction.
- the principal axes (the angle indicating the largest value) of the physical properties such as the heat shrinkage, the dimensional change due to moisture absorption, and the refractive index differ in the width direction of the film.
- the difference in physical property value between the heat shrinkage in the oblique direction and the dimensional change due to moisture absorption increases. That is, when a bag is made of a biaxially oriented polyamide film for food packaging obtained by a conventional method, the main axis direction of the orientation is different between the front and back of the folded bag due to the bowing phenomenon, and a dimensional change also occurs between the front and back. And the corner of the bag warps.
- Patent Document 2 A method for reducing the S-shaped curl after processing has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 2 A method for reducing the S-shaped curl after processing has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 2 A method for reducing the S-shaped curl after processing has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 2 A method for reducing the S-shaped curl after processing has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 2 A method for reducing the S-shaped curl after processing has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 2 is a countermeasure against the S-curl phenomenon that occurs after treating the bag with boiling water, and is not a countermeasure against the S-curl phenomenon due to moisture absorption.
- a packaging bag has been proposed in which the acute angle formed by the main orientation axis direction of the biaxially stretched polyamide film layers on the front and back of the packaging bag is 30 ° or less (see Patent Document 3).
- a bag made of a roll film slit from the center of the mill roll has a small angle formed by the main orientation axis direction of the front and back polyamide film layers, so that the S-shaped curl due to moisture absorption is small. Since the angle between the main orientation axes of the polyamide films on the front and back sides is large in a bag close to, the occurrence of S-curl due to moisture absorption cannot be reduced.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is directed to a biaxially oriented polyamide film and a film mill roll, which have less S-curl due to moisture absorption, even in a packaging bag produced using a film product near the end of the mill roll.
- the purpose is to provide.
- a biaxially oriented polyamide film composed of a polyamide resin containing 60% by mass or more of polyamide 6, wherein the molecular orientation angle of the film is 20 ° or more, the moisture absorption strain is 1.3% or less, and the impact strength is A biaxially oriented polyamide film having a thickness of at least 0.8 J / 15 ⁇ m and a heat shrinkage after heating at 160 ° C. for 10 minutes of 0.6 to 3.0% in both the MD and TD directions.
- Polyamide film mill roll
- At least one surface of the biaxially oriented polyamide film is coated with an easy-adhesion layer made of any one of a polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, and / or a polyacryl resin having a coating amount of 0.01 to 3 g / m 2 as a solid content.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film and the film mill roll of the present invention have little anisotropy of elongation under high humidity and have a dimensional distortion before and after moisture absorption, despite being a film near the end of the mill roll. Since it is small, the S-curl of the processed bag can be reduced. Therefore, when filling the contents into the bag, troubles are less likely to occur in the transfer of the bag, and the workability is good. Since shrinkage distortion at high temperature is small, shrinkage deformation after heat sealing the bag is also small. Therefore, it can be suitably used for various packaging applications.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention is preferably made of a polyamide resin containing 60% by mass or more of polyamide 6, more preferably 80% by mass or more, and still more preferably 90% by mass or more. If the content is less than 60% by mass, the mechanical strength and the thermal dimensional stability are deteriorated.
- the polyamide 6 in the present invention is usually produced by ring-opening polymerization of ⁇ -caprolactam.
- the polyamide 6 obtained by ring-opening polymerization is usually extruded with an extruder after drying after removing ⁇ -caprolactam monomer with hot water.
- the polyamide 6 used in the present invention those commercially available from Ube Industries, Ltd. and BASF may be used.
- polyamide 6, which is commercially available for films has the following relative viscosity, has a residual lactam monomer content of 1% by mass or less, and hardly generates a lactam monomer upon terminal-blocking or terminal-modified melting is preferable.
- the relative viscosity of the polyamide 6 in the present invention is preferably 1.8 to 4.5, more preferably 2.6 to 3.6.
- the relative viscosity is smaller than 1.8, the impact strength of the film becomes insufficient. If it is larger than 4.5, the load on the extruder increases, and it becomes difficult to obtain a sheet before stretching.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention may contain other thermoplastic resin in addition to polyamide 6, which is a main component, for the purpose of improving stretchability, pinhole resistance, easy cut property, and the like. Further, a small amount of additives such as a blocking agent, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, a heat stabilizer, and a light stabilizer may be contained.
- thermoplastic resin other than the polyamide 6 used in the present invention examples include, for example, a single resin such as a polyamide resin, a polyester resin, a polyolefin resin, an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyvinyl resin, and a urethane resin. Polymers and copolymers are mentioned. For improving stretchability, nylon MXD6, nylon 6I, etc. may be included. For improving pinhole resistance, a polyamide elastomer, a polyester elastomer, a polyolefin elastomer, or the like may be included.
- Examples of the anti-blocking agent used in the present invention include inorganic fine particles such as silica, kaolin and zeolite, and crosslinked polymer fine particles such as acryl and polystyrene.
- silica fine particles can be suitably used in terms of transparency and slipperiness.
- Examples of the lubricant used in the present invention include organic lubricants having an effect of lowering surface energy, such as ethylene bisstearic acid amide (EBS). It may be included in a range that does not cause a problem in adhesiveness or wettability. It is preferable to use the anti-blocking agent and the lubricant in combination because the film can be simultaneously provided with excellent slipperiness and transparency.
- EBS ethylene bisstearic acid amide
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention is provided with an easy-adhesion layer made of any one of a polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, and / or a polyacryl resin having a coating amount of 0.01 to 3 g / m 2 as a solid content. Is preferred.
- the easy-adhesion layer is provided by applying and drying a coating liquid before winding the film as a mill roll in the film manufacturing process.
- the application of the coating solution can be performed on an unstretched film, a uniaxially stretched film, and / or a biaxially stretched film.
- a coating solution is usually applied to a uniaxially stretched film and dried.
- a coating solution is usually applied to an unaxially stretched film and dried.
- the coating liquid for providing the easy-adhesion layer in the present invention is provided by applying and drying the coating liquid before winding the film as a mill roll in the film manufacturing process, so as to ensure safety and hygiene in manufacturing. It is preferable to use an aqueous dispersion or an aqueous solution of a resin for this.
- polyester resin used for easy adhesion layer a copolymer polyester resin can be selected as the polyester resin.
- the copolyester resin is a polycondensate of a dicarboxylic acid component, a diol component and other ester forming components.
- dicarboxylic acid component contained as a component in the copolymerized polyester resin include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4′-biphenylenedicarboxylic acid, and 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid.
- Aromatic dicarboxylic acids succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as sebacic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, maleic acid, Examples thereof include unsaturated dicarboxylic acids such as fumaric acid and tetrahydrophthalic acid.
- 5-sulfoisophthalic acid In addition to the above dicarboxylic acid component, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, sulfoterephthalic acid, 4-sulfoisophthalic acid, 4-sulfonaphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, and 5 (4-sulfophenoxy) are added to impart water dispersibility.
- Salts of isophthalic acid can be used. Especially, it is preferable to use 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid in the range of 1 to 10 mol%.
- diol component contained in the copolymerized polyester resin examples include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, and polyethylene glycol.
- polyurethane resin used for easy adhesion layer examples include those obtained by reacting a polyol having two or more active hydrogens with an organic polyisocyanate.
- polyols examples include saturated polyester polyols; polyether polyols (eg, polyethylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, etc.); amino alcohols (eg, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, etc.); unsaturated polyester polyols ( For example, those obtained by polycondensation of an unsaturated polycarboxylic acid alone or a mixture thereof with a saturated polycarboxylic acid and a mixture of a saturated polyhydric alcohol and an unsaturated polyhydric alcohol), polybutadiene polyols (For example, 1,2-polybutadiene polyol, 1,4-polybutadiene polyol, etc.) and acrylic polyols (obtained by copolymerizing various acrylic monomers and acrylic acid monomers having a hydroxyl group).
- polyether polyols eg, polyethylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, etc.
- amino alcohols eg, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine,
- Hydroxyl acrylic polyols having a side chain can be exemplified polyols having an unsaturated double bond, such as.
- the organic polyisocyanate include aromatic polyisocyanates (eg, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate), aliphatic polyisocyanates (eg, hexamethylene diisocyanate), alicyclic polyisocyanates (eg, isophorone diisocyanate), Examples thereof include aromatic / aliphatic polyisocyanates (for example, kylylene diisocyanate), and polyisocyanates obtained by previously reacting these isocyanates with a low-molecular-weight polyol.
- aromatic polyisocyanates eg, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate
- aliphatic polyisocyanates eg, hexamethylene diisocyanate
- This polyurethane resin can be produced by a known method. In the production, it is necessary that two or more unreacted isocyanate groups are present in the resulting prepolymer. This isocyanate group is preferably blocked, and this blocking is indispensable especially when preparing an aqueous coating liquid.
- This blocking is well known as blocking of isocyanates, and is capable of regenerating free isocyanate groups by heating. Examples of the blocking agent include bisulfites, alcohols, oximes, active methylene compounds, imidazoles, lactams, imine compounds, amide compounds, and imide compounds.
- the reaction between these blocking agents and the isocyanate groups in the polyurethane prepolymer can be carried out at a temperature from room temperature to 100 ° C., and if necessary, a urethanization catalyst can be used.
- a hydrophilic group may be introduced into the molecule to impart stable water dispersibility and water solubility to the polyurethane prepolymer.
- the hydrophilic group include ⁇ SO 3 M (where M is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal), —OH, —COOR (where R is a residue of ammonia or a tertiary amine) And the like. Of these, a carboxyl group neutralized with ammonia or a tertiary amine is particularly preferred.
- a method using a carboxyl group-containing polyhydroxy compound as one of the reaction raw materials in the synthesis of the polyurethane prepolymer an unreacted A hydroxyl group-containing carboxylic acid or an amino group-containing carboxylic acid is reacted with an isocyanate group of a polyurethane prepolymer having an isocyanate group, and then the reaction product is neutralized by adding it to an aqueous ammonia solution or an aqueous tertiary amine solution under high-speed stirring.
- polyacrylic resin used for easy adhesion layer examples of the polyacryl resin include an acrylic polymer obtained by polymerizing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, or salts or esters thereof.
- examples of the acrylate and methacrylate monomers include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, glycidyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and the like.
- acrylic acid and methacrylic acid examples include sodium acrylate, sodium methacrylate, potassium acrylate, potassium methacrylate, ammonium acrylate, ammonium methacrylate, and the like.
- acrylic monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, aminoethyl methacrylate, aminomethyl methacrylate, N-methylolacrylamide, and N-methoxymethylacrylamide may be added.
- the acrylic polymer contains, as a copolymer component, a hydrophilic component such as an acrylate component, a methacrylate component, an acrylic acid component, an acrylamide component, a 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate component, and an N-methylolacrylamide component. Is preferable to enhance the functionality of the coating film. Further, a copolymer having a functional group in a molecular side chain may be used.
- the acrylic polymer can also be obtained by using a hard component such as methyl methacrylate or ethyl methacrylate as a main component and copolymerizing a soft component such as an acrylate ester as a copolymer component.
- a hard component such as methyl methacrylate or ethyl methacrylate
- a soft component such as an acrylate ester
- an acrylic graft copolymerized polyester aqueous dispersion used for easy adhesion layer As the resin used for the easy-adhesion layer in the present invention, an acrylic graft copolymerized polyester aqueous dispersion is particularly preferable. It contains particles of a grafted polyester and water, an aqueous solvent or an organic solvent, and has a translucent to milky appearance.
- This grafted polyester has a main chain composed of a polyester and a graft portion (side chain) formed by a polymer of a radical polymerizable monomer including a radical polymerizable monomer having a hydrophilic group.
- the average particle size of the grafted polyester particles in the aqueous acrylic graft copolymerized polyester dispersion measured by a laser light scattering method is 500 nm or less, preferably 10 nm to 500 nm, and more preferably 10 nm to 300 nm. If the average particle size exceeds 500 nm, the strength of the coated film after application is reduced.
- the content of the acrylic graft copolymerized polyester particles in the acrylic graft copolymerized polyester aqueous dispersion is usually 1% by mass to 50% by mass, preferably 3% by mass to 30% by mass.
- the particles in the aqueous acrylic graft copolymerized polyester dispersion that can be used in the present invention can have a core-shell structure having a polyester main chain as a core in an aqueous dispersion medium.
- core-shell structure means that a core portion composed of a polymer insoluble in a dispersion medium and in a cohesive state is composed of a polymer soluble in a dispersion medium and in a dissolved state, as is known in the art. It refers to a two-layer structure surrounded by a shell. This structure is characteristically appearing in a composite polymer dispersion formed by combining polymers having different solubility in a dispersion medium with each other. It is known that the structure cannot be expressed only by mixing. Furthermore, a mere mixture of polymers having different solubility in a dispersion medium cannot exist as a dispersion having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less.
- the polymer can be prepared without using an emulsifier or an organic cosolvent often used in conventional dispersions.
- the dispersion state of the particles in the dispersion medium is stabilized. This is because the resin in the shell forms a sufficient hydration layer and protects the dispersed polymer particles.
- the coating film obtained from the aqueous dispersion of the acrylic graft copolymerized polyester has extremely excellent adhesion to the polyamide film. Furthermore, since it has very excellent blocking resistance, it can be used without problem even on a film substrate having a relatively low glass transition point. In the case of forming a laminate, the adhesiveness with an adhesive used when laminating a printing ink or a sealant layer is also very good.
- the resulting laminated film (also referred to as a laminated film) can have significantly improved durability in retort treatment or boiling water treatment. Further, when a flexible grafted polyester having a glass transition temperature of 30 ° C. or lower, preferably 10 ° C. or lower is used, the durability of the laminate is further improved.
- the polyester that can be used as the main chain of the grafted polyester in the present invention is preferably a saturated or unsaturated polyester synthesized from at least a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component. It can be a mixture of more than one polymer. And polyester which does not disperse or dissolve in water by itself by itself is preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyester that can be used in the present invention is from 5,000 to 100,000, preferably from 5,000 to 50,000. When the weight average molecular weight is less than 5,000, physical properties of the coated film such as post-processability of the dried coated film are reduced.
- the polyester itself serving as the main chain is easily water-soluble, and thus the formed grafted polyester cannot form the core-shell structure described later.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polyester exceeds 100,000, it is difficult to disperse in water. From the viewpoint of water dispersion, 100000 or less is preferable.
- the glass transition point is 30 ° C. or lower, preferably 10 ° C. or lower.
- the dicarboxylic acid component includes at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid, at least one aliphatic and / or alicyclic dicarboxylic acid, and at least one dicarboxylic acid having a radically polymerizable unsaturated double bond.
- a dicarboxylic acid mixture The aromatic dicarboxylic acid contained in the dicarboxylic acid mixture is 30 to 99.5 mol%, preferably 40 to 99.5 mol%, and the aliphatic and / or alicyclic dicarboxylic acid is 0 to 70 mol%.
- the dicarboxylic acid having a radically polymerizable unsaturated double bond is 0.5 to 10 mol%, preferably 2 to 7 mol%, and more preferably 3 to 6 mol%.
- content of the dicarboxylic acid containing a radical polymerizable unsaturated double bond is less than 0.5 mol%, it is difficult to effectively graft the radical polymerizable monomer to the polyester, and The dispersed particle diameter tends to increase, and the dispersion stability tends to decrease.
- aromatic dicarboxylic acid terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, biphenyldicarboxylic acid and the like can be used. Further, if necessary, sodium 5-sulfoisophthalate may be used.
- succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecandionic acid, dimer acid, acid anhydrides thereof, and the like can be used.
- Examples of the alicyclic dicarboxylic acid include 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and acid anhydrides thereof.
- dicarboxylic acid having a radical polymerizable unsaturated double bond examples include fumaric acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, and an oil containing an unsaturated double bond as ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated dicarboxylic acids.
- cyclic dicarboxylic acid 2,5-norbornene dicarboxylic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride or the like can be used.
- fumaric acid, maleic acid and 2,5-norbornene dicarboxylic acid endo-bicyclo- (2,2,1) -5-heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid
- the diol component is composed of at least one of an aliphatic glycol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an alicyclic glycol having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and an ether bond-containing glycol.
- the aliphatic glycol having 2 to 10 carbon atoms include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6 -Hexanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 2-ethyl-2-butylpropanediol and the like can be used.
- 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol or the like can be used as the alicyclic glycol having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the ether bond-containing glycol include diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and glycols obtained by adding one to several moles of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to two phenolic hydroxyl groups of bisphenols, for example, 2,2. -Bis (4-hydroxyethoxyphenyl) propane or the like can be used.
- Polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polytetramethylene glycol can also be used as needed.
- a polycarboxylic acid and / or polyol having three or more functionalities can be copolymerized.
- trifunctional or higher polycarboxylic acids include (anhydrous) trimellitic acid, (anhydrous) pyromellitic acid, (anhydrous) benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, trimesic acid, ethylene glycol bis (anhydrotrimellitate), and glycerol tris (anhydride). Hydrotrimellitate) and the like.
- the polyol having three or more functionalities glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and the like can be used.
- the polycarboxylic acid and / or polyol having three or more functionalities is 0 to 5 mol%, preferably 0 to 3 mol%, based on the total polycarboxylic acid component including the dicarboxylic acid component or the total polyol component including the diol component. Can be used.
- the graft portion of the grafted polyester that can be used in the present invention has a hydrophilic group or a monomer mixture containing at least one radical polymerizable monomer having a group that can be converted into a hydrophilic group later. It can be a polymer of origin.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer constituting the graft portion is from 500 to 50,000, preferably from 4,000 to 50,000.
- the graft portion forms a hydrated layer of the dispersed particles.
- the weight average molecule of the graft portion derived from the radical polymerizable monomer is preferably 500 or more.
- the upper limit of the weight average molecular weight of the graft portion of the radical polymerizable monomer is preferably 50,000 as described above from the viewpoint of polymerizability in solution polymerization. Control of the molecular weight within this range, by appropriately selecting the amount of polymerization initiator, monomer dropping time, polymerization time, reaction solvent, and monomer composition, and optionally combining a chain transfer agent and a polymerization inhibitor as necessary. I can do it.
- the glass transition point is 30 ° C or lower, preferably 10 ° C or lower.
- a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, an amide group, a quaternary ammonium salt, a phosphoric acid group and the like can be used.
- Acid anhydrides, glycidyl, chloro, and the like can be used as groups that can be converted into hydrophilic groups.
- the dispersibility of the grafted polyester in water can be controlled by the hydrophilic group introduced into the polyester by the grafting.
- the carboxyl group controls the dispersibility of the grafted polyester in water because the amount of the carboxyl group introduced into the grafted polyester can be accurately determined using an acid value known in the art. It is preferable in doing.
- carboxyl group-containing radical polymerizable monomer examples include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid and the like. Further, maleic anhydride which easily generates carboxylic acid upon contact with water / amine , Itaconic anhydride, methacrylic anhydride and the like can be used.
- Preferred carboxyl group-containing radically polymerizable monomers are acrylic anhydride, methacrylic anhydride and maleic anhydride.
- radical-polymerizable monomer having a hydrophilic group it is preferable to copolymerize at least one radical-polymerizable monomer containing no hydrophilic group.
- grafting to the polyester main chain does not occur smoothly, and it is difficult to obtain a good copolymerized polyester aqueous dispersion. Efficient grafting can be performed only by copolymerizing at least one radical polymerizable monomer containing no hydrophilic group.
- radical polymerizable monomer containing no hydrophilic group one or more combinations of monomers having an ethylenically unsaturated bond and not containing a hydrophilic group as described above are used.
- monomers include acrylates such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, and the like; Methacrylic esters such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxylpropyl methacrylate; acrylamide Or methacrylic acid derivatives such as N, N-methylolacrylamide and
- the ratio of the hydrophilic group-containing monomer to the hydrophilic group-free monomer is determined in consideration of the amount of the hydrophilic group to be introduced into the grafted polyester. (Containing monomer: monomer not containing a hydrophilic group) is in the range of 95: 5 to 5:95, preferably 90:10 to 10:90, and more preferably 80:20 to 40:60.
- the total acid value of the grafted polyester is 600 to 4000 eq. / 10 6 g, preferably 700-3000 eq. / 10 6 g, most preferably 800 to 2500 eq. / 10 6 g.
- the acid value is 600 eq.
- the acid value is 4000 eq.
- it is / 10 6 g or more, the water resistance of the easily adhesive layer formed from the aqueous dispersion of the copolymerized polyester is low.
- the mass ratio between the polyester main chain and the graft portion (polyester: radically polymerizable monomer) in the acrylic graft copolymerized polyester is 40:60 to 95: 5, preferably 55:45 to 93: 7, and more preferably 60:95. : 40 to 90:10.
- the mass ratio of the polyester main chain is 40% by mass or less, the above-described excellent properties of the parent polyester, that is, high processability, excellent water resistance, and excellent adhesion to various substrates can be sufficiently exhibited. On the contrary, it adds the undesired performance of acrylic resin, that is, low workability, gloss, water resistance and the like.
- the mass ratio of the polyester is 95% by mass or more, the amount of the hydrophilic group in the graft portion that imparts hydrophilicity to the grafted polyester is insufficient, and a good aqueous dispersion cannot be obtained.
- the solvent for the grafting reaction is preferably composed of an aqueous organic solvent having a boiling point of 50 to 250 ° C.
- the aqueous organic solvent refers to an organic solvent having a solubility in water at 20 ° C. of at least 10 g / L, preferably at least 20 g / L.
- Aqueous organic solvents having a boiling point higher than 250 ° C. are unsuitable because they have a low evaporation rate and cannot be sufficiently removed even by high-temperature baking of the coating film after formation.
- an aqueous organic solvent having a boiling point of 50 ° C. or less when performing a grafting reaction using the solvent as an initiator, the risk of handling increases because an initiator that decomposes into radicals at a temperature of 50 ° C. or less must be used. Absent.
- aqueous organic solvent that dissolves polyester well and relatively well dissolves a polymerizable monomer containing a hydrophilic group, particularly a carboxyl group-containing polymerizable monomer, and its polymer include esters.
- Ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclohexanone; cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, and 1,3-dioxolane; glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether; Propylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, and ethylene glycol butyl ether; carbitols such as methyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol, and butyl carbitol Glycols or lower esters of glycol ethers, such as ethylene glycol diacetate and ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate; ketone alcohols, such as diacetone alcohol; N-substituted amides, such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, and N-methylpyrrolidone; And the like.
- an aqueous organic solvent which hardly dissolves the polyester but relatively well dissolves the polymerizable monomer containing the hydrophilic group, especially the carboxyl group-containing polymerizable monomer, and the polymer thereof.
- aqueous organic solvent (second group) which hardly dissolves the polyester but relatively well dissolves the polymerizable monomer containing the hydrophilic group, especially the carboxyl group-containing polymerizable monomer, and the polymer thereof.
- Water lower alcohols, lower glycols, lower carboxylic acids, lower amines and the like. Preferred are alcohols and glycols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- one of the first group of aqueous organic solvents can be used.
- the reaction is performed in a mixed solvent, a plurality of the first group of aqueous organic solvents or at least one of the first group of aqueous organic solvents and at least one of the second group of aqueous organic solvents can be used.
- the grafting reaction can be carried out both in a single solvent from the first group of aqueous organic solvents and in a mixed solvent composed of one kind of each of the first and second groups of aqueous organic solvents.
- a mixed solvent composed of one kind of each of the first and second groups of aqueous organic solvents.
- the mixing of one kind of each of the first and second groups of the aqueous organic solvents is used.
- a solvent is used. The reason for this is that gelation of the system is likely to occur due to crosslinking between polyester molecules in the polyester grafting reaction, but gelation can be prevented by using a mixed solvent as described below.
- the polyester molecular chains are in the form of extended chains, while in the first / second group of mixed solvents, the polyester molecular chains are entangled in small-spread threads.
- the state was confirmed by measuring the viscosity of the polyester in these solutions.
- the polyester molecular chain is extended, all the reaction points in the polyester main chain can contribute to the grafting reaction, so that the grafting rate of the polyester is high, but the rate of cross-linking between the molecules is also high.
- the polyester molecular chain is in the form of a thread, the reaction points inside the thread cannot contribute to the grafting reaction, and at the same time, the rate of cross-linking between the molecules decreases. Therefore, the state of the polyester molecule can be adjusted by selecting the type of the solvent, whereby the grafting rate and the intermolecular crosslinking by the grafting reaction can be adjusted.
- the optimum mixing ratio of the mixed solvent of the first group / second group can vary depending on the solubility of the polyester used and the like. Usually, the mass ratio of the mixed solvent of the first group / second group is 95: 5 to 5: 1. The range is 10:90, preferably 90:10 to 20:80, and more preferably 85:15 to 30:70.
- radical polymerization initiator of acrylic graft copolymerized polyester and other additives As the radical polymerization initiator that can be used in the present invention, organic peroxides and organic azo compounds known to those skilled in the art can be used. Benzoyl peroxide, t-butyl peroxypivalate as an organic peroxide, 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), etc. as an organic azo compound. Can be mentioned.
- the amount of the radical polymerization initiator used for performing the grafting reaction is at least 0.2% by mass or more, preferably 0.5% by mass or more, based on the radical polymerizable monomer.
- a chain transfer agent for adjusting the chain length of the graft portion for example, octyl mercaptan, mercaptoethanol, 3-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, and the like can be used as necessary. In this case, it is desirable to add in a range of 0 to 5% by mass based on the radical polymerizable monomer.
- the formation of the graft portion may be such that the radical polymerizable unsaturated double bond in the polyester and the radical polymerizable monomer are polymerized and / or the radical polymerizable unsaturated double bond and the radical polymerizable monomer
- the reaction proceeds with the active terminal of the polymer.
- the reaction product after the completion of the grafting reaction contains, in addition to the target grafted polyester, a polyester having no graft portion and a polymer of the polyester and a radically polymerizable monomer not grafted.
- the grafting reaction can be carried out by adding the radical polymerizable monomer and the radical initiator at a time to the solution containing the polyester under heating, or separately taking a certain time. After the dropwise addition, the reaction can be further performed by continuing the heating with stirring for a certain period of time to allow the reaction to proceed. Alternatively, if necessary, a part of the radically polymerizable monomer is added first, and then the remaining radically polymerizable monomer and the polymerization initiator are separately added dropwise over a certain period of time, and then further reduced. The grafting reaction can be performed by continuing the heating under stirring for a time.
- the mass ratio of the polyester and the solvent is selected such that the reaction proceeds uniformly during the polymerization step in consideration of the reactivity between the polyester and the radical polymerizable monomer and the solubility of the polyester in the solvent. Usually, it is in the range of 70:30 to 10:90, preferably 50:50 to 15:85.
- the grafted polyester that can be used in the present invention can be water-dispersed in a solid state by charging it into an aqueous medium, or after dissolving it in a hydrophilic solvent and then charging it into an aqueous medium.
- a monomer having an acidic group such as a sulfonic acid group and a carboxyl group
- the copolymerized polyester can be easily dispersed in water as fine particles having an average particle diameter of 500 nm or less to prepare an aqueous dispersion of a copolymerized polyester.
- the basic compound a compound that volatilizes during baking and curing when a coating film is formed or when a curing agent described below is blended is desirable.
- ammonia, organic amines and the like are preferable.
- the organic amines include triethylamine, N, N-diethylethanolamine, N, N-dimethylethanolamine, aminoethanolamine, N-methyl-N, N-diethanolamine, isopropylamine, iminobispropylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, 3-ethoxypropylamine, 3-diethylaminopropylamine, sec-butylamine, propylamine, methylaminopropylamine, dimethylaminopropylamine, methyliminobispropylamine, 3-methoxypropylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine And the like.
- the amount of the basic compound to be used is preferably such that the carboxyl group contained in the
- aqueous dispersion As a method of preparing an aqueous dispersion of the copolymerized polyester neutralized with a basic compound, after the grafting reaction is completed, the solvent is removed from the reaction solution under reduced pressure by an extruder or the like to obtain a melt or solid (pellet). , Powder, etc.), and then throw this into a basic compound aqueous solution and stir under heating, or immediately after completion of the grafting reaction, immediately add the basic compound aqueous solution to the reaction solution, and further continue heating and stirring (
- the aqueous dispersion can be prepared by a one-pot method).
- the one-pot method is preferred from the viewpoint of convenience. In this case, if the boiling point of the solvent used for the grafting reaction is 100 ° C. or lower, a part or all of the solvent can be easily removed by distillation.
- the above-mentioned coating solution can be used as it is as a coating agent for forming an easy-adhesion layer.
- a cross-linking agent curing resin
- the crosslinking agent include a phenol formaldehyde resin of a condensate of alkylated phenols, cresols, etc. with formaldehyde; an adduct of urea, melamine, benzoguanamine, etc.
- An amino resin such as an alkyl ether compound consisting of: a polyfunctional epoxy compound; a polyfunctional isocyanate compound; a blocked isocyanate compound; a polyfunctional aziridine compound; an oxazoline compound.
- phenol formaldehyde resin examples include alkylated (methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl or butyl) phenol, p-tert-amylphenol, 4,4′-sec-butylidenephenol, p-tert-butylphenol, o-, m-, p-cresol, p-cyclohexylphenol, 4,4'-isopropylidenephenol, p-nonylphenol, p-octylphenol, 3-pentadecylphenol, phenol, phenyl o-cresol, p-phenylphenol, xylenol and the like
- Examples include condensates of phenols and formaldehyde.
- amino resin examples include methoxylated methylol urea, methoxylated methylol N, N-ethylene urea, methoxylated methylol dicyandiamide, methoxylated methylol melamine, methoxylated methylol benzoguanamine, butoxylated methylol melamine, and butoxylated methylol benzoguanamine.
- preferred examples include methoxylated methylol melamine, butoxylated methylol melamine, and methylolated benzoguanamine.
- polyfunctional epoxy compound examples include diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and its oligomer, diglycidyl ether of hydrogenated bisphenol A and its oligomer, diglycidyl orthophthalate, diglycidyl isophthalate, diglycidyl terephthalate, Diglycidyl p-oxybenzoate, diglycidyl tetrahydrophthalate, diglycidyl hexahydrophthalate, diglycidyl succinate, diglycidyl adipate, diglycidyl sebacate, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene Glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether And polyalkylene glycol diglycidyl ethers, triglycidyl trimellitate, triglycidyl isocyanurate, 1,4-diglycidyloxy
- polyfunctional isocyanate compound a low-molecular or high-molecular aromatic or aliphatic diisocyanate and a trivalent or higher polyisocyanate can be used.
- the polyisocyanate include tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and trimers of these isocyanate compounds. There is.
- the excess amount of these isocyanate compounds and low molecular active hydrogen compounds such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, glycerin, sorbitol, ethylenediamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, or polyester polyols, Examples thereof include a terminal isocyanate group-containing compound obtained by reacting with a polymer active hydrogen compound such as ether polyols and polyamides.
- the blocked isocyanate can be prepared by subjecting the above isocyanate compound and a blocking agent to an addition reaction by a conventionally known appropriate method.
- the isocyanate blocking agent include phenols such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, resorcinol, nitrophenol, and chlorophenol; thiophenols such as thiophenol and methylthiophenol; oximes such as acetoxime, methylethylketoxime, and cyclohexanone oxime; Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol; halogen-substituted alcohols such as ethylene chlorohydrin and 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol; tertiary alcohols such as t-butanol and t-pentanol; Lactams such as caprolactam, ⁇ -valerolactam, ⁇ -butyrolactam, ⁇ -propyllactam; aromatic
- a method of compounding the crosslinking agent (1) a method of directly dissolving or dispersing in a water-based dispersion when the crosslinking agent is water-soluble, or (2) a method of after completion of the grafting reaction when the crosslinking agent is oil-soluble.
- a method of adding a crosslinking agent to allow the core to coexist with the polyester may be used. These methods can be appropriately selected depending on the type and properties of the crosslinking agent. Further, a curing agent or an accelerator can be used in combination with the crosslinking agent.
- the easy-adhesion layer used in the present invention further contains additives such as an antistatic agent, an inorganic lubricant, and an organic lubricant in order to impart antistatic properties and lubricity within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- additives such as an antistatic agent, an inorganic lubricant, and an organic lubricant in order to impart antistatic properties and lubricity within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- a coating agent containing an aqueous copolymerized polyester dispersion As a method of applying a coating agent containing an aqueous copolymerized polyester dispersion to a polyamide film substrate to form an easily adhesive layer, known coating methods such as a gravure method, a reverse method, a die method, a bar method, and a dip method are used. Can be used.
- the coating amount of the coating agent is 0.01 to 3 g / m 2 as a solid content with respect to the polyester film after the biaxial direction.
- the coating is performed so as to be 0.04 to 0.5 g / m 2 . If the coating amount is 0.01 g / m 2 or less, sufficient adhesion strength between the easily adhesive layer and other layers cannot be obtained. When the amount is 3 g / m 2 or more, blocking occurs, and there is a practical problem.
- the easy-adhesion layer is obtained by applying a coating agent to a biaxially stretched polyamide film substrate or applying a coating agent to an unstretched or uniaxially stretched polyamide film substrate, followed by drying and, if necessary, further uniaxial stretching.
- a coating agent to a biaxially stretched polyamide film substrate or applying a coating agent to an unstretched or uniaxially stretched polyamide film substrate, followed by drying and, if necessary, further uniaxial stretching.
- it can be prepared by performing heat setting after biaxial stretching.
- the drying temperature after application of the coating agent is 150 ° C. or higher, preferably 200 ° C. or higher.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention has a molecular orientation angle of 20 ° or more and a moisture absorption strain of 1.3% or less.
- the moisture absorption distortion is more preferably 1.1% or less. If the moisture absorption strain is more than 1.3%, the S-shaped curl due to moisture absorption of the produced bag becomes large, and a problem occurs.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention is a film near the end in the width direction of the mill roll, the molecular orientation angle is 20 ° or more.
- the molecular orientation angle is measured with a molecular orientation angle measuring device MOA-6004 manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.
- the molecular orientation angle is 0 degree in the longitudinal direction of the film, and the direction of the molecular orientation axis is a difference from 0 degree when the direction is smaller than 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction, and 90 degrees when the direction is larger than 45 degrees. Is the value obtained by calculating the difference between The larger the value is, the larger the bowing phenomenon is, and the larger the value is from the center to the end of the mill roll. Therefore, in the present invention, it is important to obtain a film having a small moisture absorption strain even if the molecular orientation angle is large.
- the impact strength of the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention is 0.8 J / 15 ⁇ m or more. Preferably it is 1.0 J / 15 ⁇ m or more. If the impact strength is less than 0.8 J / 15 ⁇ m, the packaging bag may be broken by the impact during transportation when used for packaging. A higher impact strength is preferable because the packaging bag is less likely to be broken. However, it is difficult to satisfy the other characteristics and to make it larger than 2.0 J / 15 ⁇ m in manufacturing.
- the heat shrinkage of the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention after heating at 160 ° C. for 10 minutes is in the range of 0.6 to 3.0% in both the MD direction (vertical direction) and the TD direction (width direction). . Preferably, it is 0.6 to 2.5%. If the heat shrinkage is more than 3.0%, the film shrinks during printing, laminating, or bag making, which is not preferable because the appearance deteriorates. When the heat shrinkage ratio is smaller than 0.6, the moisture absorption distortion may increase.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention preferably has an orientation angle of 20 ° or more and a heat shrinkage distortion of 2.0% or less. It is more preferably at most 1.8%. If the heat shrinkage strain is larger than 2.0%, shrinkage deformation occurs in the heat-sealed portion when the bag is heat-sealed, and the appearance may deteriorate. Further, a sufficient S-shaped curl suppressing effect may not be obtained.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention is, for example, first preliminarily stretching an unstretched polyamide film in the longitudinal direction at a low magnification, and then dividing the film into two or more steps in the longitudinal direction so that the total longitudinal stretching ratio is 3 times or more. It is obtained by main stretching in the longitudinal direction, horizontal stretching, heat setting treatment, and heat relaxation treatment, then trimming the clip gripping portion, winding it up as a mill roll, and slitting it into a width for processing.
- the width of the mill roll of the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is usually 3000 to 8000 mm.
- the winding length of the polyamide film mill roll is not particularly limited, but is usually 5000 to 70000 m.
- the width of the roll slit for processing is 400 to 3000 mm, and the winding length is 3000 to 10000 m.
- slit rolls have become larger with the increase in size of films such as aluminum vacuum evaporation machines. Therefore, a slit roll having a larger width and a larger winding length may be used.
- the orientation angle is 20 ° or more.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention tends to have a larger orientation angle and a larger moisture absorption strain and a heat shrinkage strain as it approaches the end of the mill roll. If the film roll on the right or left end of the slit film roll is a film roll containing a biaxially oriented polyamide having an orientation angle of 20 ° or more and a moisture absorption distortion of 1.3% or less, a bag obtained by processing is used. The amount of S-curl due to moisture absorption can be suppressed to an amount that does not cause a problem.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention is, for example, after preliminarily stretching a non-stretched polyamide film in the machine direction at a low magnification in the machine direction, then main stretching in the machine direction at two or more steps in the machine direction at a high magnification, and subsequently transversely stretching, Furthermore, it is preferable to wind a biaxially oriented polyamide film formed by performing a heat setting treatment and a heat relaxation treatment to obtain a mill roll.
- the preliminary longitudinal stretching described above may be performed in one step or two or more steps.
- the total stretching ratio obtained by multiplying each stretching ratio in the preliminary longitudinal stretching is preferably 1.005 to 1.15 times.
- the main longitudinal stretching performed after the preliminary longitudinal stretching is preferably performed in two or more stages in the longitudinal direction.
- the magnification of the first-stage main longitudinal stretching is preferably 1.1 to 2.9 times.
- the ratio of the main longitudinal stretching in the second and subsequent stages is preferably set so that the total longitudinal stretching ratio multiplied by each stretching ratio including the preliminary longitudinal stretching ratio is 2.8 to 5.0. It is more preferably 3.0 to 3.5 times.
- Tg and Tc are values obtained by measurement by the method described in Examples.
- Tg + 20 the preliminary longitudinal stretching is performed at a temperature of less than (Tg + 20) ° C.
- necking occurs and thickness unevenness tends to increase.
- Tc + 20 the stretching is performed at a temperature exceeding (Tc + 20) ° C.
- a more preferred stretching temperature is (Tg + 30) ° C. to (Tc + 10) ° C. If the stretching ratio in this preliminary longitudinal stretching is too low, it is difficult to obtain the effect of improving the moisture absorption distortion.
- the stretching ratio of the preliminary stretching is preferably 1.005 to 1.15 times.
- a more preferred stretching ratio is 1.01 to 1.1 times.
- the preliminary longitudinal stretching may be performed in one stage or in multiple stages, but it is preferable that the total preliminary longitudinal stretching ratio be within the above range.
- a known longitudinal stretching method such as hot roll stretching or infrared radiation stretching can be used.
- main stretching in the machine direction (abbreviated as main machine direction) in multiple stages.
- the stretching temperature in the main longitudinal stretching is preferably performed at a temperature of (Tg + 20) ° C or more and (Tc + 20) ° C or less. It is preferable that the first-stage longitudinal stretching ratio of the main longitudinal stretching is 1.1 to 2.9 times. If the stretching ratio of the first stage of the main longitudinal stretching is too low, the stretching effect cannot be obtained.
- the stretching temperature in the first stage of the main longitudinal stretching is preferably (Tg + 20) ° C to (Tc + 20) ° C. (4) If the stretching temperature is lower than (Tg + 20) ° C., the stretching stress increases, and the film tends to be broken by transverse stretching. If the stretching temperature exceeds (Tc + 20) ° C., the thickness unevenness increases. More preferably, the temperature is (Tg + 30) ° C.
- the stretching ratio of the first stage of the main longitudinal stretching is preferably 1.1 to 2.9 times for the same reason as described above. A more preferred stretching ratio is 1.5 to 2.5 times.
- a known longitudinal stretching method such as hot roll stretching or infrared radiation stretching can be used.
- the second stage of the main longitudinal stretching is subsequently performed.
- the second stage of the main longitudinal stretching is preferably a hot roll stretching method.
- the film in the second stage of the main longitudinal stretching, regardless of the thickness profile in the width direction of the film subjected to the first stage of the main longitudinal stretching, the film is stretched in a state where the film is linearly adhered in the width direction on a roll, It is preferred that the film be uniformly stretched by heating in the width direction.
- Ra is the center line average roughness, which is the average height of irregularities (unit: ⁇ m), and is a value defined by JIS B0601.
- the second stage of the main longitudinal stretching is performed so that the total longitudinal stretching ratio obtained by multiplying each preliminary longitudinal stretching ratio by the main longitudinal stretching ratio is 2.8 or more.
- the preferable total longitudinal stretching ratio is 3.0 to 3.8 times, and more preferably 3.0 to 3.5 times.
- the stretching temperature in the second-stage longitudinal stretching is also (Tg + 20) ° C. to (Tc + 20) ° C. If the stretching temperature is lower than (Tg + 20) ° C., the stretching stress increases, and the film is easily broken by transverse stretching. If the stretching temperature exceeds (Tc + 20) ° C., the thickness unevenness increases. More preferably, the temperature is (Tg + 30) ° C. to (Tc + 10) ° C.
- the above-mentioned coating liquid can be applied to the longitudinally uniaxially oriented film thus obtained.
- Known methods such as a roll coating method (gravure method, reverse method, etc.), a knife coating method, a rod coating method, a nozzle coating method, and an air knife coating method can be used for coating.
- the application liquid is dried by hot air or the like, and then stretched in the lateral direction using a tenter. Drying of the coating solution may be performed with a tenter. If the transverse stretching temperature is too low, the transverse stretching property may deteriorate (breakage may occur). On the other hand, if it is too high, the thickness unevenness tends to increase.
- the transverse stretching temperature is preferably from 100 to 200 ° C, more preferably from 120 to 160 ° C.
- the stretching ratio is preferably from 3.0 to 5.0 times, and more preferably from 3.5 to 4.5 times.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention is preferably, for example, performing longitudinal stretching separately in preliminary longitudinal stretching and main longitudinal stretching, and dividing the main longitudinal stretching into two or more stages.
- a ceramic roll having a surface roughness Ra of 0.2 ⁇ m or less was used, followed by application and drying of the coating solution, stretching in the lateral direction, and heat-setting and heat-relaxing. It is obtained by cutting off the clip grip and winding it up as a mill roll.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention can be further subjected to a heat setting treatment, a heat relaxation treatment, a humidity control treatment and the like in order to further improve the dimensional stability. Further, in order to further improve the adhesiveness and the wettability, a corona treatment, a coating treatment, a flame treatment and the like can be applied.
- the above-mentioned heat setting treatment, heat relaxation treatment, humidity control treatment, corona treatment, coating treatment, flame treatment and the like can be carried out during the production process of the biaxially oriented polyamide film. Further, a mill roll or a slit roll may be unwound and processed.
- the evaluation method of the used raw material, the physical property of a film, and a characteristic is as follows. Unless otherwise specified, the measurement was performed in a measurement room in an environment of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 65%.
- a stainless steel autoclave equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a partial reflux condenser 466 parts by mass of dimethyl terephthalate, 466 parts by mass of dimethyl isophthalate, 401 parts by mass of neopentyl glycol, 443 parts by mass of ethylene glycol, and tetra-n-butyl 0.52 parts by mass of titanate was charged and transesterification was carried out at 160 to 220 ° C. for 4 hours.
- Dicarboxylic acid component terephthalic acid 48 mol% 48% by mole of isophthalic acid Fumaric acid 4 mol% ⁇ Diol component neopentyl glycol 50 mol% Ethylene glycol 50 mol%
- 75 parts by mass of the polyester resin, 56 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone, and 19 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol were put into a reactor equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a reflux device, and a fixed-rate dropping device, and heated and stirred at 65 ° C. to dissolve the resin. .
- a solution prepared by dissolving a mixture of 17.5 parts by mass of methacrylic acid and 7.5 parts by mass of ethyl acrylate and 1.2 parts by mass of azobisdimethylvaleronitrile in 25 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone was used.
- the solution was dropped into the polyester solution at a rate of 0.2 ml / min. After the completion of dropping, stirring was continued for another 2 hours. After performing sampling (5 g) for analysis from the reaction solution, 300 parts by mass of water and 25 parts by mass of triethylamine were added to the reaction solution, and stirred for 1 hour to prepare a dispersion of the grafted polyester. Thereafter, the temperature of the resulting dispersion was raised to 100 ° C., and methyl ethyl ketone, isopropyl alcohol, and excess triethylamine were distilled off by distillation to obtain a copolymerized polyester aqueous dispersion.
- the obtained dispersion was white, had an average particle diameter of 300 nm, and had a B-type viscosity of 50 centipoise at 25 ° C.
- DSS was added and 125 MHz 13C-NMR was measured.
- the half-width of the carbonyl carbon signal (160 to 175 ppm) of the polyester main chain was ⁇ (no signal was detected), and the half-width of the methacrylic acid carbonyl carbon signal (181 to 186 ppm) of the graft portion was 110 Hz. .
- the solution sampled at the end of the grafting reaction was dried under vacuum at 100 ° C.
- the solid content was measured for acid value, for measuring the grafting efficiency of the polyester (measurement for NMR), and for the graft portion by hydrolysis.
- the molecular weight was measured.
- the acid value of the solid content is 2300 eq. / 10 6 g.
- the molecular weight of the graft portion was 10,000 weight average molecular weight.
- A Preparation of polyurethane and aqueous dispersion; adipic acid as dicarboxylic acid component; and 60 mol% of 1,4-butanediol (of glycol component) as glycol component, and propylene oxide (1 mol) adduct of bisphenol A
- a polyester (polyester polyol) having a Tg of ⁇ 5 ° C. was obtained using 40 mol%.
- a urethane polymer was obtained by allowing toluene diisocyanate to act on this polyester.
- the chain was extended by the action of 1,6-hexanediol, and the aminocarboxylate was reacted with the terminal to obtain a water-insoluble and water-dispersible polyurethane.
- This was dispersed in hot water with stirring to obtain a 25% aqueous dispersion.
- the aqueous dispersion of the above polyurethane was added to an equal volume mixture of ion-exchanged water and isopropyl alcohol so as to have a solid content of 5% by mass and diluted to obtain a coating liquid (B).
- Tg, Tc and Tm According to JIS K7121, using a DSC-60 type differential scanning calorimeter manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, a pan containing 10 mg of an unstretched polyamide film was heated from 30 ° C. to 280 in a nitrogen atmosphere at a rate of 10 ° C./min.
- the melting peak temperature Tm was measured as the melting point in the process of raising the temperature to 280 ° C., and after reaching 280 ° C., the pan containing the sample was immersed in liquid nitrogen and rapidly cooled, and then the pan was heated at a rate of 20 ° C./min. The temperature was raised from ⁇ 10 ° C. to 280 ° C., and the glass transition onset temperature Tg and the cold crystallization peak temperature Tc extrapolated during the temperature rising process were measured.
- the mill roll was slit, and 150 mm from the left end of the mill roll was used as an ear to form a slit roll having a width of 940 mm inside the ear.
- a film sample is collected in a square shape having a side of 100 mm with the center of the square 150 mm inside from the right end and the left end with respect to the width direction of the slit roll, and the molecular orientation angle (the angle in the molecular orientation axis direction) manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd. It was measured with a molecular orientation angle measuring device (MOA-6004).
- the molecular orientation angle is 0 degree in the longitudinal direction of the film, and the direction of the molecular orientation axis is a difference from 0 degree when the direction is smaller than 45 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction, and 90 degrees when the direction is larger than 45 degrees. And the larger value is shown in Table 1 as the molecular orientation angle. In Examples and Comparative Examples, the value at the left end near the end of the mill roll was large.
- Table 1 shows values at the left end where the molecular orientation angle was large.
- Impact strength (J / 15 ⁇ m) observed impact strength (J) ⁇ 15 ⁇ m / thickness ( ⁇ m)
- Table 2 shows the evaluation results.
- the mill roll was slit, and 150 mm from the left end of the mill roll was used as an ear to form a slit roll having a width of 940 mm inside the ear.
- a measurement sample is collected in a square shape having a side of 210 mm with the center of the square 150 mm inside from the right end and the left end with respect to the width direction of the slit roll, and a 200 mm diameter circle centered on the center of the sample is drawn. As a degree, straight lines passing through the center of the circle are drawn in the directions of 45 ° and 135 °. Next, after leaving the sample in an atmosphere of 30 ° C.
- the diameter in each direction is measured to determine the length at high humidity. Then, after leaving it in a room at 20 ° C. ⁇ 40% RH for 2 hours or more, the length of a straight line drawn in each diameter direction was measured again to determine the length at low humidity, and the moisture absorption elongation was calculated by the following equation. Thereafter, the absolute value (%) of the difference between the moisture elongation percentage in the 45 ° direction and the 135 ° direction was calculated as the moisture absorption strain, and the larger absolute value was shown in Table 1 as the moisture absorption strain. In Examples and Comparative Examples, the value at the left end was large similarly to the molecular orientation angle.
- Moisture absorption elongation [(length at high humidity-length at low humidity) / length at low humidity] x 100 (%)
- a film sample was taken around a position 300 mm inward from the right end and the left end with respect to the width direction of the mill roll, and the moisture absorption strain was measured in the same manner. Table 2 shows the evaluation results.
- the mill roll was slit, and 150 mm from the left end of the mill roll was used as an ear to form a slit roll having a width of 940 mm inside the ear.
- the following formula was cut out in accordance with the dimensional change test method described in JIS C2318, except that a measurement sample was cut out centered 150 mm inside from the right end and the left end with respect to the width direction of the slit roll, and the test temperature was 160 ° C. and the heating time was 10 minutes.
- the heat shrinkage was measured by the following method. Table 1 shows values at the left end where the molecular orientation angle was large.
- Heat shrinkage [(length before treatment ⁇ length after treatment) / length before treatment] ⁇ 100 (%)
- a film sample was taken around a position 300 mm inward from the right end and the left end with respect to the width direction of the mill roll, and the heat shrinkage was measured in the same manner. Table 2 shows the evaluation results.
- the mill roll was slit, and 150 mm from the left end of the mill roll was used as an ear to form a slit roll having a width of 940 mm inside the ear.
- a measurement sample was collected in a square shape having a side of 210 mm with the center of the square being 150 mm inside from the right end and the left end with respect to the width direction of the slit roll, and each film was allowed to stand in an atmosphere of 23 ° C. and 65% RH for 2 hours or more.
- a circle having a diameter of 200 mm centering on the center of the sample is drawn, and the MD direction (vertical direction) is defined as 0 °, and straight lines passing through the center of the circle are drawn in the 45 ° direction and the 135 ° direction. Measure to the length before processing.
- the sample was heat-treated at a test temperature of 160 ° C. for 10 minutes, taken out, left in an atmosphere of 23 ° C. and 65% RH for 2 hours or more, and the length of a straight line drawn in each diameter direction was measured again.
- the heat shrinkage was calculated by the following equation using the length after the treatment.
- the mill roll was slit, and 150 mm from the left end of the mill roll was used as an ear to form a slit roll having a width of 940 mm inside the ear.
- a polyester adhesive [TM-569 (product name) and CAT-10L (product name) manufactured by Toyo Morton Co., Ltd. mixed at a weight ratio of 7.2 / 1 on the corona-treated surface of the polyamide film of the slit roll.
- the degree of the warpage (S-curl) of one corner where one of the three points was held down was evaluated as follows. 10 points: less than 40 mm 5 points: less than 40 to 50 mm 1 point: 50 mm or more
- the average of the scores evaluated was 7 points or more, ⁇ , 3 to 7 points, ⁇ , and less than 3 points, x. Bags with a rating of x of less than 3 points are problematic because bagging of bags and transport errors of the filling machine occur. If the score is three or more, the problem is within an acceptable range.
- Example 1 The raw materials were blended so as to contain 85% by mass of polyamide 6, 3% by mass of polyamide MXD6, and 12% by mass of a master batch of silica fine particles and ethylene bisstearic acid amide. After adjusting the moisture content of the blended raw materials to 0.1% by mass, the extruder extruded the molten film at a temperature of 260 ° C. from a T-die and cooled the metal roll to 30 ° C. on a metal roll. It was electrostatically contacted with the load and solidified by cooling to obtain an unstretched film having a thickness of 200 ⁇ m. Tg of this unstretched film was 41 ° C., and Tc was 69 ° C.
- This unstretched film is preliminarily stretched in the first stage at a stretching temperature of 80 ° C. to 1.03 times using a roll stretching machine, and then preliminarily stretched in the second stage at a stretching temperature of 80 ° C. to 1.03 times. Then, the main longitudinal stretching of the first stage is performed 2.1 times at 85 ° C., and the main longitudinal stretching of the second stage is further performed 1.5 times at a stretching temperature of 70 ° C. Then, the film was stretched 4.0 times at 130 ° C., heat-set at 210 ° C., and further subjected to a 5.0% relaxation at 210 ° C. in the transverse direction.
- the film was cooled at 100 ° C., and one surface of the film was corona-treated. Then, the tenter clip gripping portions at both ends were trimmed by 150 mm in width to obtain a mill roll of a biaxially oriented polyamide film having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m and a width of 6000 mm.
- Example 2 As shown in Tables 1 and 2, a biaxially oriented polyamide film was obtained in the same manner as in Example except that the temperature and magnification of preliminary longitudinal stretching and the magnification of main longitudinal stretching were changed.
- Example 3 As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the procedure was carried out except that the preliminary longitudinal stretching was performed in one step and the magnification in Table 1 was set, and the magnification of the second longitudinal main stretching and the thickness of the unstretched film were changed to 180 ⁇ m. A mill roll of a biaxially oriented polyamide film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2.
- Example 4 A mill roll of a biaxially oriented polyamide film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the film roll was changed to a film forming apparatus having a mill roll width of 4000 mm.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide films of the present invention of Examples 1 to 4 had S-curl generation in a tolerable range when formed into a bag regardless of the slit roll at the end of the mill roll.
- the molecular orientation angle is larger than 20 ° and the moisture absorption strain is larger than 1.3%. An impossible amount of S-curl occurred.
- the molecular orientation angle was larger than 20 ° and the moisture absorption strain was 1.3% or less, but the heat shrinkage after heating at 160 ° C for 10 minutes was large.
- Example 5 In the same manner as in Example 1, an unstretched film was prepared, the first stage was preliminarily stretched, the second stage was preliminarily stretched, the first stage was stretched in the main longitudinal direction, and the second stage was further stretched. The main longitudinal stretching of the eyes was performed. Next, an aqueous dispersion coating liquid (A) of an acrylic graft copolymerized polyester was applied to this longitudinally stretched film by a roll coater method, and dried with hot air at 70 ° C. Next, the longitudinally stretched film is continuously guided to a tenter, horizontally stretched at 130 ° C. to 4.0 times, then heat-set at 210 ° C., and further subjected to a 5.0% relaxation process at 210 ° C.
- A aqueous dispersion coating liquid
- the film was cooled at 100 ° C., and one surface of the film was corona-treated. Then, the tenter clip gripping portions at both ends were trimmed by 150 mm in width to obtain a mill roll of a biaxially oriented polyamide film having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m and a width of 6000 mm.
- the coating amount of the acrylic graft copolymerized polyester on the obtained biaxially oriented polyamide film was 0.05 g / m 2 as a solid content.
- Example 6 As shown in Tables 3 and 4, a mill roll of a polyamide film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the temperature and magnification of preliminary longitudinal stretching and the magnification of main longitudinal stretching were changed.
- Example 7 As shown in Tables 3 and 4, the procedure was performed except that the preliminary longitudinal stretching was performed in one step, the magnification in Table 3 was set, and the magnification of the second longitudinal main stretching and the thickness of the unstretched film were changed to 180 ⁇ m. A mill roll of a biaxially oriented polyamide film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6.
- Example 8 A mill roll of a biaxially oriented polyamide film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the film roll was changed to a film forming apparatus having a mill roll width of 4000 mm.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide films of the present invention of Examples 5 to 8 had an allowable range of S-curl generation when formed into a bag regardless of the slit roll at the end of the mill roll.
- the laminate strength of the laminated film of the sealant film and the polyamide film was good.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide films obtained in Comparative Examples other than Comparative Examples 3-3 and 6 had a molecular orientation angle of more than 20 ° and a moisture absorption strain of more than 1.3%. An unacceptable amount of S-curl occurred.
- the molecular orientation angle was larger than 20 ° and the moisture absorption strain was 1.3% or less, but the heat shrinkage after heating at 160 ° C for 10 minutes was large. When formed into a bag, an unacceptable amount of S-curl occurred, and the heat-sealed portion contracted and deformed.
- the moisture absorption strain was 1.3% or less, and the S-curl was in an acceptable range. However, since the impact strength was small, impact resistance was required. Properties of the resulting polyamide film were not satisfied.
- the moisture absorption strain at a position 300 mm inside from the right end and the left end with respect to the width direction of the film was 1.3% or less, but after heating at 160 ° C. for 10 minutes. Due to the large heat shrinkage, an unacceptable amount of S-curl was generated when the bag was made into a bag, and the heat-sealed portion contracted and deformed.
- the moisture absorption strain at a position 300 mm inward from the right end and the left end with respect to the width direction of the film was 1.3% or less, and S-curl was also within an acceptable range.
- the impact strength was small, the properties as a polyamide film required to have impact resistance were not satisfied.
- Example 9 A mill roll of a biaxially oriented polyamide film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the coating liquid was changed from (A) to an aqueous dispersion of a polyurethane resin (B) and the film forming conditions shown in Table 5 were employed.
- the amount of the polyurethane resin applied to the obtained biaxially oriented polyamide film was 0.05 g / m 2 as a solid content.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide films of the present invention of Examples 9 to 12 exhibited S-curl generation within a permissible range when formed into a bag, regardless of the slit roll at the end of the mill roll. there were.
- the laminate strength of the laminated film of the sealant film and the polyamide film was also good.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film obtained in Comparative Example 16 since the molecular orientation angle is larger than 20 ° and the moisture absorption strain is larger than 1.3%, an unacceptable amount of S-curl occurs when the bag is used. did.
- the polyamide film mill roll obtained in Reference Example 1 had a moisture absorption distortion of 1.3% or less at a position 300 mm inward from the right end and the left end with respect to the width direction of the film. Although the occurrence was within an acceptable range, the lamination strength of the laminated film of the sealant film and the polyamide film was insufficient because there was no easily adhesive layer.
- the biaxially oriented polyamide film of the present invention is a product close to the end of a mill roll, it has good mechanical properties and thermal properties, and has little S-curl due to moisture absorption after bag making.
- troubles are less likely to occur when the bag is transported, and the workability is good.
- the shrinkage distortion at a high temperature is small, the shrinkage deformation after heat sealing the bag is also small.
- the easy-adhesion layer is provided, the bag is hard to be broken because the lamination strength is high. Therefore, it can be suitably used for various packaging applications.
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Abstract
Description
こうした問題は、ミルロールの端に近いスリットロールのフィルムから袋を作製する場合に発生しやすい。ここでミルロールとは、フィルム製造工程で両端耳部をトリミングした後に巻き取った製膜装置の全幅のフィルムロールを指し、スリットロールとは、印刷加工やラミネート加工など行うためにミルロールをスリットし幅を狭くしたフィルムロールのことである。
即ち、従来法によって得られる食品包装用の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムで袋を作製すると、ボーイング現象によって、2つ折りにした袋の表裏で配向の主軸方向が異なるため、寸法変化も表裏で差が生じて、袋の隅で反り返りが起こってしまう。すなわち、袋の2辺がS字状にカールする現象(以下単にS字カールともいう)が発生し、袋を箱詰めする時に箱に入れにくくなったり、袋に内容物を充填する装置の搬送部で不具合が発生する場合があった。
しかし、この方法でも、ミルロールの端に近いフィルムのスリットロールから作製した袋では吸湿によるS字カールが発生する場合があった。 特許文献2の対策は、袋を沸騰水で処理した後に発生するS字カール現象に対する対策であり、吸湿によるS字カール現象に対する対策ではないためと考えられる。
本発明は、以下の構成よりなる。
[1] ポリアミド6を60質量%以上含むポリアミド樹脂からなる2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムであって、フィルムの分子配向角が20°以上であり、吸湿歪みが1.3%以下であり、インパクト強度が0.8J/15μm以上であり、かつ、160℃で10分間加熱後の熱収縮率がMD方向及びTD方向ともに0.6~3.0%であることを特徴とする2軸配向ポリアミドフィルム。
[2] ポリアミド6を90質量%以上含むポリアミド樹脂からなる2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムであることを特徴とする[1]に記載の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルム。
[3] 160℃で10分間加熱後のフィルムの熱収縮歪みが、2.0%以下であることを特徴とする[1]又は[2]に記載の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルム。
[4] 請求項1~3いずれかに記載の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムの少なくとも片面に固形分として塗布量が0.01~3g/m2 のポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、及び/又はポリアクリル樹脂のいずれかの樹脂からなる易接着層を有することを特徴とする2軸配向ポリアミドフィルム。
[5] ポリアミド6を60質量%以上含むポリアミド樹脂からなる2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールであって、フィルムミルロールの幅方向に対して右端及び左端から300mm内側の位置のフィルムのインパクト強度が0.8J/15μm以上であり、吸湿歪みが1.3%以下であり、160℃で10分間加熱後の熱収縮率がMD方向及びTD方向ともに0.6~3.0%であることを特徴とするポリアミドフィルムミルロール。
[6] 2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムの少なくとも片面に固形分として塗布量が0.01~3g/m2 のポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、及び/又はポリアクリル樹脂のいずれかの樹脂からなる易接着層を有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載のポリアミドフィルムミルロール。
[7] フィルムミルロールの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置のフィルムの160℃で10分間加熱後の熱収縮歪みが2.0%以下であることを特徴とする[5]又は[6]に記載のポリアミドフィルムミルロール。
2:左端のスリットロール(940mm幅)
3:左端のスリットロールのフィルムにシーラントをラミネートしたラミネートロール
4:左端の3方シール袋
5:3方シール袋のヒートシール部
6:反りを測定するための重り
7:S字カールの度合いを示す反りの高さ
[2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムの原料組成]
本発明の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムは、ポリアミド6を60質量%以上含むポリアミド樹脂からなることが好ましく、より好ましくは80質量%以上、更に好ましくは90質量%以上である。60質量%より少ないと機械的強度や熱寸法安定性などが悪化するので好ましくない。
本発明で使用されるポリアミド6は、宇部興産(株)、BASF社などで市販されているものを用いてもよい。特にフィルム用で市販されている下記の相対粘度を持ち、残存ラクタムモノマー含量が1質量%以下であり、末端封鎖又は末端修飾した溶融時にラクタムモノマーが生成しにくいポリアミド6が好ましい。
延伸性向上のために、ナイロンMXD6、ナイロン6Iなどを含んでも良い。
耐ピンホール性向上のため、ポリアミドエラストマー、ポリエステルエラストマー、ポリオレフィンエラストマーなどを含んでも良い。
本発明で使用される潤滑剤としては、表面エネルギーを下げる効果のあるエチレンビスステアリン酸アミド(EBS)等の有機潤滑剤が挙げられる。接着性や濡れ性に問題が生じない範囲で含んでも良い。
耐ブロッキング剤と潤滑剤とを併用すると、フィルムに優れた滑り性と透明性を同時に付与できるので好ましい。
本発明の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムには、固形分として塗布量が0.01~3g/m2のポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、及び/又はポリアクリル樹脂のいずれかの樹脂からなる易接着層を設けることが好ましい。
前記易接着層は、フィルム製造工程でフィルムをミルロールとして巻き取る前に塗布液を塗布・乾燥して設けられる。
塗布液の塗布は、未延伸フィルム、1軸延伸フィルム、及び/又は2軸延伸フィルムに行うことができる。フィルムを逐次2軸延伸法で製造する場合は、通常、1軸延伸フィルムに塗布液を塗布し乾燥する。フィルムを同時2軸延伸で製造する場合は、通常、未軸延伸フィルムに塗布液を塗布し乾燥する。
前記易接着層としてポリエステル樹脂を設ける場合、ポリエステル樹脂としては共重合ポリエステル系樹脂を選ぶことができる。共重合ポリエステル系樹脂とはジカルボン酸成分とジオール成分およびその他のエステル形成成分の重縮合物である。共重合ポリエステル系樹脂に構成成分として含有されるジカルボン酸成分としては、たとえば、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、2,6-ナフタレンジカルボン酸、4,4’-ビフェニレンジカルボン酸、5-ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸などの芳香族ジカルボン酸、コハク酸、アジピン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸などの脂肪族ジカルボン酸、1,4-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、1,2-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸などの脂環族ジカルボン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、テトラヒドロフタル酸などの不飽和ジカルボン酸などを挙げることができる。
本発明における易接着層としてポリウレタン樹脂を設ける場合、ポリウレタン樹脂としては、例えば、活性水素を2個以上有するポリオール類と有機ポリイソシアネートとを反応させて得られるものが挙げられる。
ポリオール類としては、たとえば、飽和ポリエステルポリオール類;ポリエーテルポリオール類(たとえばポリエチレングリコール、ポリテトラメチレングリコールなど);アミノアルコール類(たとえばエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミンなど);不飽和ポリエステルポリオール類(たとえば不飽和多価カルボン酸単独あるいはこれと飽和多価カルボン酸との混合物と、飽和多価アルコール類と不飽和多価アルコール類との混合物とを重縮合させて得られるもの)、ポリブタジエンポリオール類(たとえば1,2-ポリブタジエンポリオール、1,4-ポリブタジエンポリオールなど)、アクリルポリオール類(各種アクリル系モノマーとヒドロキシル基を有するアクリル酸系モノマーとを共重合させて得られるヒドロキシル基を側鎖に有するアクリルポリオール類)などの不飽和二重結合を有するポリオール類を挙げることができる。
有機ポリイソシアネートとしては、たとえば、芳香族ポリイソシアネート類(たとえばジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、トルエンジイソシアネートなど)、脂肪族ポリイソシアネート類(たとえばへキサメチレンジイソシアネートなど)、脂環族ポリイソシアネート類(たとえばイソホロンジイソシアネートなど)、芳香族・脂肪族ポリイソシアネート類(たとえばキリレンジイソシアネート)、さらにこれらのイソシアネート類と低分子量ポリオールとを予め反応させて得られるポリイソシアネート類を挙げることができる。
本発明における易接着層としてポリアクリル樹脂を設ける場合、ポリアクリル樹脂としては、アクリル酸またはメタクリル酸、またはその塩類やエステル類を重合して得られるアクリル重合体が挙げられる。
アクリル酸エステル系およびメタクリル酸エステル系単量体としては、たとえば、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸ブチル、アクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル、アクリル酸2-ヒドロキシエチル、アクリル酸グリシジル、メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸ブチル、メタクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル、メタクリル酸2-ヒドロキシエチル、メタクリル酸グリシジルなどを挙げることができる。アクリル酸およびメタクリル酸の塩類としては、たとえば、アクリル酸ナトリウム、メタクリル酸ナトリウム、アクリル酸カリウム、メタクリル酸カリウム、アクリル酸アンモニウム、メタクリル酸アンモニウムなどが挙げられる。
これらの必須成分の他に、アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド、メタクリル酸アミノエチル、メタクリル酸アミノメチル、N-メチロールアクリルアミド、N-メトキシメチルアクリルアミドなどのアクリル酸系単量体を添加してもよい。
本発明における易接着層に用いる樹脂としては、特にアクリルグラフト共重合ポリエステル水系分散体が好ましい。グラフト化ポリエステルの粒子と、水、水系溶媒または有機溶媒とを含み、半透明から乳白色の外観を呈する。このグラフト化ポリエステルは、ポリエステルからなる主鎖と、親水性基を有するラジカル重合性単量体を含むラジカル重合性単量体の重合体により形成されるグラフト部分(側鎖)とを有する。
本発明に用いられ得るアクリルグラフト共重合ポリエステル水系分散体中の粒子は、水性分散媒体中においてポリエステル主鎖をコアとするコア-シェル構造をとり得る。
本発明においてグラフト化ポリエステルの主鎖として用い得るポリエステルは、好適には少なくともジカルボン酸成分とジオール成分とから合成される飽和または不飽和ポリエステルであり、得られるポリエステルは、1種の重合体または2種以上の重合体の混合物であり得る。そして、本来それ自身では水に分散または溶解しないポリエステルが好ましい。本発明に用い得るポリエステルの重量平均分子量は、5000~l00000、好ましくは5000~50000である。重量平均分子量が5000未満であると乾燥塗膜の後加工性等の塗膜物性が低下する。さらに重量平均分子量が5000未満であると、主鎖となるポリエステル自身が水溶化し易いため、形成されるグラフト化ポリエステルが後述するコア-シェル構造を形成し得ない。ポリエステルの重量平均分子量が100000を超えると水分散化が困難となる。水分散化の観点からは100000以下が好ましい。 ガラス転移点は、30℃以下、好ましくは10℃以下である。
脂肪族ジカルボン酸としては、コハク酸、アジピン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、ドデカンジオン酸、ダイマー酸、これらの酸無水物等を用い得る。
脂環族ジカルボン酸としては、1,4-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、1,3-シクロへキサンジカルボン酸、1,2-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、これらの酸無水物等を用い得る。
炭素数2~10の脂肪族グリコールとしては、エチレングリコール、1,2-プロピレングリコール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、1,6-へキサンジオール、3-メチル-1,5-ペンタンジオール、1,9-ノナンジオール、2-エチル-2-ブチルプロパンジオール等を用い得る。
炭素数6~12の脂環族グリコールとしては、1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール等を用い得る。
エーテル結合含有グリコールとしては、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、さらにビスフェノール類の2つのフェノール性水酸基にエチレンオキサイドまたはプロピレンオキサイドをそれぞれ1~数モル付加して得られるグ
リコール類、たとえば2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシエトキシフェニル)プロパン等を用い得る。ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリテトラメチレングリコールも必要に応じて用い得る。
3官能以上のポリカルボン酸としては、(無水)トリメリット酸、(無水)ピロメリット酸、(無水)ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸、トリメシン酸、エチレングルコールビス(アンヒドロトリメリテート)、グリセロールトリス(アンヒドロトリメリテート)等を用い得る。
3官能性以上のポリオールとしては、グリセリン、トリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール等を用い得る。
本発明に用い得るグラフト化ポリエステルのグラフト部分は、親水性基を有するか、または後で親水性基に変化させることができる基を有するラジカル重合性単量体を少なくとも1種含む単量体混合物由来の重合体であり得る。
れる。このような単量体としては、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸イソプロピル、アクリル酸n-ブチル、アクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル、アクリル酸2-ヒドロキシエチル、アクリル酸ヒドロキプロピル等のアクリル酸エステル;メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸イソプロピル、メタクリル酸n-ブチル、メタクリル酸イソブチル、メタクリル酸n-ヘキシル、メタクリル酸ラウリル、メタクリル酸2-ヒドロキシエチル、メタクリル酸ヒドロキシルプロピル等のメタクリル酸エステル;アクリルアミド、N-メチロールアクリルアミド、ジアセトンアクリルアミド等のアクリル酸またはメタクリル酸誘導体;アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル等のニトリル類;酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、安息香酸ビニル等のビニルエステル類;ビニルメチルエーテル、ビニルエチルエーテル、ビニルイソブチルエーテル等のビニルエーテル類;ビニルメチルケトン、ビニルヘキシルケトン、メチルイソプロペニルケトン等のビニルケトン類;N-ビニルピロール、N-ビニルカルバゾール、N-ビニルインドール、N-ビニルピロリドン等のN-ビニル化合物;塩化ビニル、塩化ビニルデン、臭化ビニル、フッ化ビニル等のハロゲン化ビニル類;スチレン、α-メチルスチレン、t-ブチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン、ビニルナフタリン類等の芳香族ビニル化合物;を挙げることができる。これらのモノマーは単独もしくは2つ以上組み合わせて用いられ得る。
グラフト化反応の溶媒は、沸点が50~250℃の水性有機溶媒から構成されることが好ましい。ここで水性有機溶媒とは20℃における水に対する溶解性が少なくとも10g/L以上、好ましくは20g/L以上である有機溶媒をいう。沸点が250℃を超える水性有機溶媒は、蒸発速度が遅いため、塗膜形成後の塗膜の高温焼付によっても十分に取リ除き得ないので不適当である。また沸点が50℃以下の水性有機溶媒では、それを溶媒としてグラフト化反応を実施する場合、50℃以下の温度でラジカルに分解する開始剤を用いねばならないので取扱上の危険が増大し、好ましくない。
本発明で用い得るラジカル重合開始剤として、当業者には公知の有機過酸化物類や有機アゾ化合物類を用い得る。
有機過酸化物として、ベンゾイルパ-オキサイド、t-ブチルパ-オキシピバレート、有機アゾ化合物として、2,2’-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)等を挙げることができる。
グラフト化反応を行なうためのラジカル重合開始剤の使用量は、ラジカル重合性単量体に対して、少なくとも0.2質量%以上、好ましくは0.5質量%以上である。
重合開始剤の他に、グラフト部分の鎖長を調節するための連鎖移動剤、たとえばオクチルメルカプタン、メルカプトエタノール、3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシアニソール等を必要に応じて用い得る。この場合、ラジカル重合性単量体に対して0~5質量%の範囲で添加されるのが望ましい。
グラフト部分の形成は、上記ポリエステル中のラジカル重合性不飽和二重結合と上記ラジカル重合性単量体とが重合することおよび/またはラジカル重合性不飽和二重結合と上記ラジカル重合性単量体の重合体の活性末端とが反応することにより進行する。グラフト化反応終了後の反応生成物は、目的とするグラフト化ポリエステルの他にグラフト部分を有さないポリエステルおよびポリエステルとグラフトしなかったラジカル重合性単量体の重合体を含有する。反応生成物中のグラフト化ポリエステルの生成比率が低く、グラフト部分を有さないポリエステル及びグラフトしなかったラジカル重合性単量体の重合体の比率が高い場合は、安定性の良好な分散体が得られない。
本発明に用いられ得るグラフト化ポリエステルは、固体状態で水系媒体に投入するか、または親水性溶媒に溶解後、水系媒体に投入することによって、水分散化され得る。特に、親水性の基を有するラジカル重合性単量体として、スルホン酸基およびカルボキシル基のような酸性基を有する単量体を用いた場合、グラフト化ポリエステルを塩基性化合物で中和することによって、グラフト化ポリエステルを容易に平均粒子径500nm以下の微粒子として水に分散して、共重合ポリエステル水系分散体を調製し得る。
塩基性化合物の使用量は、グラフト部分中に含まれるカルボキシル基を、少なくとも部分中和あるいは完全中和して、水系分散体のpH値を5.0~9.0の範囲にする量が好ましい。
上記塗布液は、そのままで易接着層を形成する塗布剤として使用し得るが、さらに架橋剤(硬化用樹脂)を配合して硬化を行なうことにより、易接着層に高度の耐水性を付与することができる。
架橋剤としては、アルキル化フェノール類、クレゾール類等とホルムアルデヒドとの縮合物のフェノールホルムアルデヒド樹脂;尿素、メラミン、ベンゾグアナミン等とホルムアルデヒドとの付加物、この付加物と炭素原子数が1~6のアルコールからなるアルキルエーテル化合物等のアミノ樹脂;多官能性エポキシ化合物;多官能性イソシアネート化合物;ブロックイソシアネート化合物;多官能性アジリジン化合物;オキサゾリン化合物等を用い得る。
これらの架橋剤は、それぞれ単独または2種以上混合して用い得る。架橋剤の配合量としては、グラフト化ポリエステルに対して、5質量%~40質量%が好ましい。
本発明の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムは、分子配向角が20°以上であり、かつ吸湿歪みが1.3%以下である。吸湿歪みは、1.1%以下がより好ましい。吸湿歪みが1.3%より大きいと、作製した袋の吸湿によるS字カールが大きくなり問題が発生する。
本発明の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムは、ミルロールの幅方向に対して端に近いフィルムであるため、分子配向角が20°以上である。分子配向角は分子鎖配向軸方向の角度を王子計測機器株式会社製の分子配向角測定装置MOA-6004で測定する。分子配向角は、フィルムの長手方向の角度を0度とし、上記分子配向軸の方向が、長手方向を基準として45度より小さい時は0度からの差、45度より大きい時は90度からの差を求めた値である。この値が大きいほどボーイング現象が大きいことを示し、ミルロールの中央から端部に近くなると値は大きくなる。したがって、本発明においては、分子配向角が大きくても吸湿歪みが小さいフィルムを得ることが重要である。
本発明の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムは、例えば、未延伸のポリアミドフィルムをまず縦方向に低倍率で予備縦延伸し、次いで縦方向に2段階以上に分けて合計の縦延伸倍率が3倍以上になるように主縦延伸し、次いで横延伸と熱固定処理、熱緩和処理した後、クリップ把持部をトリミングしてミルロールとして巻き取った後、加工するための幅にスリットされることで得られる。
本発明の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールの幅は、特に限定されないが、通常、3000~8000mmである。ポリアミドフィルムミルロールの巻長は、特に限定されないが、通常、5000~70000mである。
加工するためにスリットされたロールの幅は、400~3000mmであり、巻長さは3000~10000mである。
近年、アルミ真空蒸着機などのフィルム大型化に伴い、スリットロールも大型になっている。したがって、前記より幅と巻長さの大きいスリットロールであっても構わない。
本発明の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムは、ミルロールの端部に近いほど配向角が大きく、吸湿歪みと熱収縮歪みも大きい傾向がある。
スリットしたフィルムロールの右端又は左端のフィルムの配向角が20°以上であり、かつ吸湿歪みが1.3%以下である2軸配向ポリアミドを含むフィルムロールであれば、加工して得られる袋の吸湿によるS字カールの量を問題が発生しない量に抑えることができる。
本発明の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムは、例えば、未延伸ポリアミドフィルムを縦方向に低倍率で予備縦延伸した後、縦方向に2段以上で高倍率で主縦延伸し、続いて横延伸し、更に熱固定処理と熱弛緩処理を行うことによって製膜した2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムを巻いてミルロールを得ることが好ましい。
上記の予備縦延伸は、1段であっても2段以上であっても良い。だだし、予備縦延伸の各延伸倍率を乗じた合計の延伸倍率は、1.005~1.15倍が好ましい。
予備縦延伸の後に行う主縦延伸は、縦方向に2段階以上に分けて延伸することが好ましい。第1段目の主縦延伸の倍率は、1.1~2.9倍が好ましい。第2段目以降の主縦延伸の倍率は、予備縦延伸倍率も含めた各延伸倍率を乗じた合計の縦延伸倍率が2.8~5.0倍になるように設定することが好ましい。3.0~3.5倍がより好ましい。
まず、上記のポリアミド6を主成分とする原料を乾燥したのち、押出機により溶融押出し、Tダイより回転ドラム上にキャストして急冷固化し未延伸のポリアミドフィルムを得る。
この未延伸フィルムを〔ガラス転移温度(以下Tgと略す)+20〕℃以上、〔低温結晶化温度(以下Tcと略す)+20〕℃以下の温度で、1.005~1.15倍の予備縦延伸を行なう。
ここでTg及びTcは、実施例で記載の方法で測定して得られる値である。
予備縦延伸を(Tg+20)℃未満の温度で行なうと、ネッキングを生じ厚み斑が増大しやすくなる。一方、(Tc+20)℃を越える温度で延伸を行なうと、熱結晶化が進行し、横延伸で破断しやすくなり好ましくない。より好ましい延伸温度は、(Tg+30)℃~(Tc+10)℃である。この予備縦延伸での延伸倍率が低すぎると吸湿歪みの改善効果が得られにくい。逆に高すぎると配向結晶化が進行しすぎて、後述する主縦延伸での延伸応力が高くなりすぎ主縦延伸あるいは横延伸する時に破断し易くなる。この観点から、予備延伸の延伸倍率は1.005~1.15倍が好ましい。より好ましい延伸倍率は、1.01~1.1倍である。予備縦延伸は1段でも多段で行っても良いが、合計の予備縦延伸倍率を上記範囲にすることが好ましい。
縦予備延伸は、熱ロール延伸、赤外線輻射延伸など公知の縦延伸方法を用いることがで
きる。
主縦延伸第2段目の延伸倍率は、各予備縦延伸倍率と主縦延伸倍率を乗じた合計の縦延伸倍率が2.8倍以上となるように行なう。2.8倍未満であると2軸配向フィルムの幅方向の物性のバラツキは小さくなるものの、縦方向の強度が小さくなる。合計の縦延伸倍率が大きくなりすぎると、2軸配向フィルムの幅方向の物性のバラツキを低減させる効果が発現しない場合もでてくる。これを考慮すると、好ましい合計の縦延伸倍率は、3.0~3.8倍であり、より好ましくは、3.0~3.5倍である。第2段目縦延伸での延伸温度も、(Tg+20)℃~(Tc+20)℃である。該延伸温度が(Tg+20)℃未満では延伸応力が高くなり横延伸で破断しやすくなり、(Tc+20)℃を越えると厚み斑が大きくなる。より好ましくは、(Tg+30)℃~(Tc+10)℃である。
塗布した後、塗布液は熱風などで乾燥した後、次にテンターを用いて横方向に延伸される。塗布液の乾燥は、テンターで行ってもよい。
横延伸温度は低すぎると、横延伸性が悪化(破断発生)する場合がある。一方、高すぎると厚み斑が大きくなる傾向がある。このような点から、横延伸温度は100~200℃が好ましく、120~160℃がより好ましい。また、横方向の強度を確保する点から、延伸倍率は3.0~5.0倍が好ましく、3.5~4.5倍がさらに好ましい。このようにして延伸された2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムは、熱固定処理と熱弛緩処理し、クリップ把持部を切り取ったあとミルロールとして巻取る。
上記の熱固定処理、熱弛緩処理、調湿処理、コロナ処理、コーティング処理、火炎処理などは、2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムの製造工程中で処理することもできる。また、ミルロール又はスリットされたロールを巻き出して処理することもできる。
[ポリアミド6]
相対粘度RV=2.9、融点(Tm):220℃のポリアミド6を用いた。
[ポリアミドMXD6]
相対粘度RV=2.2、融点(Tm):238℃のポリアミドMXD6を用いた。
[シリカ微粒子とエチレンビスステアリン酸アミドのマスターバッチ]
上記ポリアミド6を93.5質量%、多孔質シリカ微粒子(重量平均粒子径=4μm、細孔容積=1.6ml/g)を5質量%、及びエチレンビスステアリン酸アミド(共栄社化学社製 ライトアマイドWE-183)を1.5質量%配合し、2軸押し出し機で溶融混練押出しし、ペレット状にカットし、マスターバッチを得た。
易接着層形成のために下記の2種類の水系分散体の塗布液を用いた。
[塗布液(A):アクリルグラフト共重合ポリエステルの水系分散体]
攪拌機、温度計および部分還流式冷却器を具備したステンレススチール製オートクレーブにジメチルテレフタレート466質量部、ジメチルイソフタレート466質量部、ネオペンチルグリコール401質量部、エチレングリコール443質量部、およびテトラ-n-ブチルチタネート0.52質量部を仕込み、160~220℃で4時間かけてエステル交換反応を行った。次いでフマール酸23質量部を加えて200℃から220℃まで1時間かけて昇温し、エステル化反応を行った。次いで255℃まで昇温し、反応系を徐々に減圧したのち0.2mmHgの減圧下で1時間30分攪拌しながら反応させてポリエステルを得た。得られたポリエステルは淡黄色透明で、ガラス転移温度60℃、重量平均分子量は12000であった。NMR測定等により得られた組成は次の通りであった。
・ジカルボン酸成分
テレフタル酸 48モル%
イソフタル酸 48モル%
フマール酸 4モル%
・ジオール成分
ネオペンチルグリコール 50モル%
エチレングリコール 50モル%
しかる後、上記の如く得られた水系分散体を、固形分濃度5質量%になるように水で希釈して塗布液(A)を得た。
(A)ポリウレタンおよび水系分散液の調製;ジカルボン酸成分としてアジピン酸を;そしてグリコール成分として1、4-ブタンジオール60モル%(グリコール成分の)、およびビスフェノールAのプロピレンオキサイド(1モル)付加物40モル%を用いて、Tgが-5℃のポリエステル(ポリエステルポリオール)を得た。このポリエステルにトルエンジイソシアネートを作用させてウレタンポリマーを得た。これをプレポリマーとし、1、6-ヘキサンジオールを作用させて鎖延長すると共にアミノカルボン酸塩を末端に反応させ、水不溶性でかつ水分散性のポリウレタンを得た。これを撹拌しながら熱水中に分散させ、25%水系分散液を得た。
上記ポリウレタンの水系分散液を固形分が5質量%になるように、イオン交換水およびイソプロピルアルコールの等量混合液中に加え希釈して塗布液(B)を得た。
2軸配向ポリアミドフィルム及びフィルムロールの測定及び評価は、以下の方法で行った。測定及び評価の結果は、表1~表6に製膜条件とともに示した。
0.25gの上記原料ポリアミドを25mlのメスフラスコ中で1.0g/dlの濃度になるように96%硫酸で溶解したポリアミド溶液を20℃にて相対粘度を測定した。
JIS K7121に準じて、島津製作所社製、DSC-60型示差走査熱量測定器を用いて、未延伸ポリアミドフィルム10mgを入れたパーンを窒素雰囲気中で昇温速度10℃/分で30℃から280℃まで昇温する過程で融点として融解ピーク温度Tmを測定し、280℃に到達してから試料の入ったパーンを液体窒素に浸けて急冷した後、そのパーンを昇温速度20℃/分で-10℃から280℃まで昇温して、昇温過程で補外したガラス転移開始温度Tgと冷結晶化ピーク温度Tcを測定した。
2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムを10cm×10cmの面積に切り出し、フィルムの易接着層面をメチルエチルケトン/トルエン=1/1の混合有機溶剤を染み込ませた布で拭き取り、拭き取り前後の重量を精密天秤(島津製作所社製AUW120D)を用いて測定した。測定した重量差から平方メートル当たりに換算し、塗布量(g/m2 )を算出した。
ミルロールをスリットしてミルロールの左側の端部から150mmを耳として、その内側に幅940mmのスリットロールを作製した。スリットロールの幅方向に対して右端および左端から150mm内側を正方形の中心として一辺100mmの正方形状にフィルム試料を採取し、分子配向角(分子配向軸方向の角度)を王子計測機器株式会社製の分子配向角測定装置(MOA-6004)で測定した。分子配向角は、フィルムの長手方向の角度を0度とし、上記分子配向軸の方向が、長手方向を基準として45度より小さい時は0度からの差、45度より大きい時は90度からの差を求め、大きい方の値を分子配向角として表1に示した。実施例および比較例においては、全てミルロールの端に近い左端の値が大きかった。
ミルロールをスリットしてミルロールの左側の端部から15mmを耳として、その内側に幅940mmのスリットロールを作製した。スリットロールの幅方向に対して右端および左端から150mm内側の位置を中心として測定試料を切り出し、テスター産業製厚み測定器で厚みを測定した後、東洋精機社製フィルムインパクトテスターを使用し、直径1/2インチの半球状衝撃頭を用いてフィルムのインパクト強度を測定した。得られた値は下記式により、15μm換算のインパクト強度とした。表1には分子配向角が大きかった左端側の値を示した。
インパクト強度(J/15μm)=観察されたインパクト強度(J)×15μm/厚み(μm)
ミルロールの評価においては、ミルロールの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置を中心としてフィルム試料を採取し、同様にして厚みとインパクト強度を測定した。表2に評価結果を示した。
ミルロールをスリットしてミルロールの左側の端部から150mmを耳として、その内側に幅940mmのスリットロールを作製した。スリットロールの幅方向に対して右端および左端から150mm内側を正方形の中心として一辺210mmの正方形状に測定試料を採取し、その試料の中央を中心とする直径200mmの円を描き、MD方向を0°として、45°方向及び135°方向に円の中心を通る直線を引く。次いで、その試料を30℃×80%RHの雰囲気中で2時間以上放置した後、各方向の直径を測定して高湿時の長さとする。その後20℃×40%RHの部屋で2時間以上放置した後、各直径方向に引かれた直線の長さを再度測定して低湿時の長さとし、下記式によって吸湿伸び率を算出した。しかる後に、45°方向および135°方向の吸湿伸び率の差の絶対値(%)を吸湿歪みとして算出し、絶対値の大きい方の値を吸湿歪みとして表1に示した。実施例および比較例においては、分子配向角と同様、左端の値が大きかった。
吸湿伸び率=[(高湿時の長さ-低湿時の長さ)/低湿時の長さ]×100(%)
ミルロールの評価においては、ミルロールの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置を中心としてフィルム試料を採取し、同様にして吸湿歪みを測定した。表2に評価結果を示した。
ミルロールをスリットしてミルロールの左側の端部から150mmを耳として、その内側に幅940mmのスリットロールを作製した。スリットロールの幅方向に対して右端および左端から150mm内側を中心として測定試料を切り出し、試験温度160℃、加熱時間10分間とした以外は、JIS C2318に記載の寸法変化試験法に準じて下記式によって熱収縮率を測定した。表1には分子配向角が大きかった左端側の値を示した。
熱収縮率=[(処理前の長さ-処理後の長さ)/処理前の長さ]×100(%)
ミルロールの評価においては、ミルロールの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置を中心としてフィルム試料を採取し、同様にして熱収縮率を測定した。表2に評価結果を示した。
ミルロールをスリットしてミルロールの左側の端部から150mmを耳として、その内側に幅940mmのスリットロールを作製した。スリットロールの幅方向に対して右端および左端から150mm内側を正方形の中心として一辺210mmの正方形状に測定試料を採取し、各フィルムを23℃、65%RHの雰囲気で2時間以上放置した。そして、その試料の中央を中心とする直径200mmの円を描き、MD方向(縦方向)を0°として、45°方向及び135°方向に円の中心を通る直線を引き、各方向の直径を測定して処理前の長さとする。次いで、その試料を試験温度160℃で10分間加熱処理した後、取り出して23℃、65%RHの雰囲気中で2時間以上放置し各直径方向に引かれた直線の長さを再度測定して処理後の長さとし、下記式によって熱収縮率を算出した。しかる後に、45°方向および135°方向の熱収縮率の差の絶対値(%)を熱収縮歪みとして算出し、絶対値の大きい方の値を熱収縮歪みとして表1に示した。実施例および比較例においては、分子配向角と同様、左端の値が大きかった。
熱収縮率=[(処理前の長さ-処理後の長さ)/処理前の長さ]×100(%)
ミルロールの評価においては、ミルロールの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置を中心としてフィルム試料を採取し、同様にして熱収縮歪みを測定した。表2に評価結果を示した。
ミルロールをスリットしてミルロールの左側の端部から150mmを耳として、その内側に幅940mmのスリットロールを作製した。スリットロールのポリアミドフィルムのコロナ処理した面にポリエステル系接着剤〔東洋モートン(株)社製のTM-569(製品名)およびCAT-10L(製品名)を重量比で7.2/1に混合したもの(固形分濃度23%)〕を乾燥後の樹脂固形分が3.2g/m2 となるように塗布した後、線状低密度ポリエチレンフィルム(L-LDPEフィルム:東洋紡(株)社製、リックス(登録商標)L4102)40μmをドライラミネートし、40℃の環境下で2日間エージングを行い、積層フィルムを得た。
上記の如く積層フィルムロールとして巻き取られた積層フィルムを、西部機械社製の3方シール製袋機を用いて巻き長さ方向に平行に中央で2つ折りにしてから切断しポリアミドフィルムが外側になるように重ね合わせ、縦方向に両端を10mm幅、中央部を20mm幅、155℃で熱シールし、それに垂直方向に20mm幅、170mm間隔、180℃で断続的に熱シールした。これを巻き長さ方向に、中央シール部の中央と袋の幅が220mmになるように両縁部を裁断した後、これと垂直方向のシール部中央で切断し、3方シール袋(シール幅:10mm)を作製した。それら作製された3方シール袋の左端側の袋を10サンプル準備した。そして、10枚の3方シール袋を30℃、60%RHで24時間処理した後、20℃、20%RHの雰囲気で24時間保持し、4方の角の開口部2ヶ所とシール部の1ヶ所の3点を押さえ残る1ヶ所の角の反り返り(S字カール)の度合いを以下のようにして評価した。
10点:40mm未満
5点:40~50mm未満
1点:50mm以上
10点評価した点数の平均が、7点以上を◎、3~7点を○、3点未満を×とした。
3点未満の×の評価の袋については、袋の箱詰めや充填機の搬送ミスの問題が発生するので問題である。3点以上であれば、問題は許容できる範囲である。
S字カールを評価のために作製した積層フィルムを幅15mm×長さ200mmの短冊状に切断し、積層フィルムの一端を二軸延伸ポリアミドフィルムと線状低密度ポリエチレンフィルムとの界面で剥離し、((株)島津製作所製、オートグラフ)を用い、温度23℃、相対湿度50%、引張り速度200mm/分、剥離角度90°の条件下で、上記短冊状積層フィルムの剥離界面に水をスポイトで垂らしながらラミネート強度を3回測定し、その平均値で評価した。
ポリアミド6を85質量%、ポリアミドMXD6を3質量%、シリカ微粒子とエチレンビスステアリン酸アミドのマスターバッチを12質量%、含むように原料を配合した。配合した原料の水分率を0.1質量%に調整した後、押出機によりTダイより260℃の温度で溶融フィルムとして押出しし、30℃に冷却させた金属ロール上に、直流高電圧の印荷により静電気的に密着させて冷却固化し、厚さ200μmの未延伸フィルムを得た。この未延伸フィルムのTgは41℃、Tcは69℃であった。
表1及び表2に示したように予備縦延伸の温度及び倍率と主縦延伸の倍率を変えた以外は実施例と同様に2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムを得た。
表1及び表2に示したように予備縦延伸を1段にして表1の倍率に設定し、主縦延伸の2段目の倍率、未延伸フィルムの厚さを180μmに変えた以外は実施例2と同様に2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。
ミルロール幅が4000mmの製膜装置に変えた以外は実施例3と同様に2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。
表1及び2に示したように予備縦延伸を行わず、主縦延伸を表1及び2に示した温度及び倍率で2段延伸を行った以外は、実施例と同様に2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。
表1及び2に示したように予備縦延伸を行わず、主縦延伸を表1及び2に示した温度及び倍率で1段延伸を行った以外は、実施例と同様に2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。
一方、比較例3及び比較例6以外の比較例で得られた2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムでは、分子配向角は20°より大きく、吸湿歪みが1.3%より大きいため、袋にした場合に許容できない量のS字カールが発生した。
比較例3で得られた2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムでは、分子配向角は20°より大きく、吸湿歪みは1.3%以下であったが、160℃で10分間加熱後の熱収縮率が大きいため、袋にした場合に許容できない量のS字カールが発生するとともにヒートシール部が収縮変形した。
比較例6で得られた2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムでは、吸湿歪みは1.3%以下であり、S字カールも許容できる範囲であったが、インパクト強度が小さいため、耐衝撃性が求められるポリアミドフィルムとしての特性を満足していなかった。
一方、比較例3及び比較例6以外の比較例で得られたポリアミドフィルムミルロールでは、フィルムの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置の吸湿歪みが、1.3%より大きいため、袋にした場合に許容できない量のS字カールが発生した。
比較例3で得られたポリアミドフィルムミルロールでは、フィルムの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置の吸湿歪みは1.3%以下であったが、160℃で10分間加熱後の熱収縮率が大きいため、袋にした場合に許容できない量のS字カールが発生するとともにヒートシール部が収縮変形した。
比較例6で得られたポリアミドフィルムミルロールでは、フィルムの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置の吸湿歪みは1.3%以下であり、S字カールも許容できる範囲であったが、インパクト強度が小さいため、耐衝撃性が求められるポリアミドフィルムとしての特性を満足していなかった。
実施例1と同様にして、未延伸フィルムを作製し、第一段目の予備縦延伸し、次いで第二段目の予備縦延伸し、第一段目の主縦延伸し、更に第二段目の主縦延伸を行った。
次いで、この縦延伸フィルムにアクリルグラフト共重合ポリエステルの水系分散体塗布液(A)をロールコーター方式で塗布し、70℃の熱風で乾燥した。
次いで、縦延伸フィルムを連続的にテンターに導き、130℃で4.0倍に横延伸した後、210℃で熱固定処理し、さらに210℃で横方向に5.0%の緩和処理を行った。引続き100℃で冷却し、フィルムの片面をコロナ処理した後、両端のテンタークリップ把持部を幅150mmトリミングし、厚さ15μm、幅6000mmの2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。得られた2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのアクリルグラフト共重合ポリエステルの塗布量は、固形分として0.05g/m2 であった。
表3及び表4に示したように予備縦延伸の温度及び倍率と主縦延伸の倍率を変えた以外は実施例5と同様にポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。
表3及び表4に示したように予備縦延伸を1段にして表3の倍率に設定し、主縦延伸の2段目の倍率、未延伸フィルムの厚さを180μmに変えた以外は実施例6と同様に2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。
ミルロール幅が4000mmの製膜装置に変えた以外は実施例7と同様に2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。
表3及び表4に示したように予備縦延伸を行わず、主縦延伸を表3に示した温度及び倍率で2段延伸を行った以外は、実施例5と同様に2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。
表3及び表4に示したように予備縦延伸を行わず、主縦延伸を表3及び表4に示した温度及び倍率で1段延伸を行った以外は、実施例と同様に2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。
一方、比較例3-3及び比較例6以外の比較例で得られた2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムでは、分子配向角は20°より大きく、吸湿歪みが1.3%より大きいため、袋にした場合に許容できない量のS字カールが発生した。
比較例3で得られた2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムでは、分子配向角は20°より大きく、吸湿歪みは1.3%以下であったが、160℃で10分間加熱後の熱収縮率が大きいため、袋にした場合に許容できない量のS字カールが発生するとともにヒートシール部が収縮変形した。
比較例3-6で得られた2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムでは、吸湿歪みは1.3%以下であり、S字カールも許容できる範囲であったが、インパクト強度が小さいため、耐衝撃性が求められるポリアミドフィルムとしての特性を満足していなかった。
一方、比較例11及び比較例14以外の比較例で得られたポリアミドフィルムミルロールでは、フィルムの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置の吸湿歪みが、1.3%より大きいため、袋にした場合に許容できない量のS字カールが発生した。
比較例11で得られたポリアミドフィルムミルロールでは、フィルムの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置の吸湿歪みは1.3%以下であったが、160℃で10分間加熱後の熱収縮率が大きいため、袋にした場合に許容できない量のS字カールが発生するとともにヒートシール部が収縮変形した。
比較例14で得られたポリアミドフィルムミルロールでは、フィルムの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置の吸湿歪みは1.3%以下であり、S字カールも許容できる範囲であったが、インパクト強度が小さいため、耐衝撃性が求められるポリアミドフィルムとしての特性を満足していなかった。
塗布液を(A)からポリウレタン樹脂の水系分散体(B)に変え、表5に示した製膜条件を採用した以外は、実施例5と同様に2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。得られた2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムへのポリウレタン樹脂の塗布量は固形分として0.05g/m2 であった。
塗布液を(A)からポリウレタン樹脂の水系分散体(B)に変えた以外は、比較例8と同様に予備縦延伸を行わず、主縦延伸を表5及び表6に示した温度及び倍率で2段延伸を行い2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムを得た。
[参考例1]
塗布液の塗布を行わなかった以外は、実施例5と同様に2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールを得た。
一方、比較例16で得られた2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムでは、分子配向角は20°より大きく、吸湿歪みが1.3%より大きいため、袋にした場合に許容できない量のS字カールが発生した。
また、参考例1で得られた2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムでは、分子配向角と吸湿歪みが本発明の範囲であるので、袋にした場合にS字カール発生は許容できる範囲であったが、易接着層が無いのでシーラントフィルムとポリアミドフィルムとの積層フィルムのラミネート強度が不十分であった。
一方、比較例16で得られたポリアミドフィルムミルロールでは、フィルムの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置の吸湿歪みが、1.3%より大きいため、袋にした場合に許容できない量のS字カールが発生した。
また、参考例1で得られたポリアミドフィルムミルロールは、フィルムの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置の吸湿歪みは1.3%以下であり、袋にした場合にS字カール発生は許容できる範囲であったが、易接着層が無いのでシーラントフィルムとポリアミドフィルムとの積層フィルムのラミネート強度が不十分であった。
Claims (7)
- ポリアミド6を60質量%以上含むポリアミド樹脂からなる2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムであって、フィルムの分子配向角が20°以上であり、吸湿歪みが1.3%以下であり、インパクト強度が0.8J/15μm以上であり、かつ、160℃で10分間加熱後の熱収縮率がMD方向及びTD方向ともに0.6~3.0%であることを特徴とする2軸配向ポリアミドフィルム。
- ポリアミド6を90質量%以上含むポリアミド樹脂からなる2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルム。
- 160℃で10分間加熱後のフィルムの熱収縮歪みが、2.0%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルム。
- 請求項1~3いずれかに記載の2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムの少なくとも片面に固形分として塗布量が0.01~3g/m2 のポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、及び/又はポリアクリル樹脂のいずれかの樹脂からなる易接着層を有することを特徴とする2軸配向ポリアミドフィルム。
- ポリアミド6を60質量%以上含むポリアミド樹脂からなる2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムのミルロールであって、フィルムミルロールの幅方向に対して右端及び左端から300mm内側の位置のフィルムのインパクト強度が0.8J/15μm以上であり、吸湿歪みが1.3%以下であり、160℃で10分間加熱後の熱収縮率がMD方向及びTD方向ともに0.6~3.0%であることを特徴とするポリアミドフィルムミルロール。
- 2軸配向ポリアミドフィルムの少なくとも片面に固形分として塗布量が0.01~3g/m2 のポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、及び/又はポリアクリル樹脂のいずれかの樹脂からなる易接着層を有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載のポリアミドフィルムミルロール。
- フィルムミルロールの幅方向に対して右端および左端から300mm内側の位置のフィルムの160℃で10分間加熱後の熱収縮歪みが2.0%以下であることを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載のポリアミドフィルムミルロール。
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US11999849B2 (en) | 2018-10-05 | 2024-06-04 | Toyobo Co., Ltd. | Biaxially oriented polyamide film and polyamide film mill roll |
CN112936834A (zh) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 山东森荣新材料股份有限公司 | Ptfe超精过滤膜生产双向拉伸设备 |
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JP6838667B2 (ja) | 2021-03-03 |
CN112805137A (zh) | 2021-05-14 |
JP2021042386A (ja) | 2021-03-18 |
US11999849B2 (en) | 2024-06-04 |
TW202027961A (zh) | 2020-08-01 |
JP7439734B2 (ja) | 2024-02-28 |
KR20210068466A (ko) | 2021-06-09 |
CN112805137B (zh) | 2022-11-29 |
EP3862165A1 (en) | 2021-08-11 |
JP7452389B2 (ja) | 2024-03-19 |
EP3862165A4 (en) | 2022-07-13 |
TWI803697B (zh) | 2023-06-01 |
US20210395519A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 |
JP2021038406A (ja) | 2021-03-11 |
JPWO2020071280A1 (ja) | 2021-02-15 |
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