WO2020031502A1 - 手術用光学レンズ - Google Patents
手術用光学レンズ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020031502A1 WO2020031502A1 PCT/JP2019/023544 JP2019023544W WO2020031502A1 WO 2020031502 A1 WO2020031502 A1 WO 2020031502A1 JP 2019023544 W JP2019023544 W JP 2019023544W WO 2020031502 A1 WO2020031502 A1 WO 2020031502A1
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- Prior art keywords
- lens
- transmittance
- optical lens
- surgical
- polarizing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/0012—Surgical microscopes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/0092—Polarisation microscopes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
- G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
- G02B5/223—Absorbing filters containing organic substances, e.g. dyes, inks or pigments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
- G02C7/104—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses having spectral characteristics for purposes other than sun-protection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/12—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surgical spectacle lens used by a practitioner or the like to observe a living tissue when performing a surgical operation, and a surgical optical lens used for a surgical microscope or the like.
- Polarized spectacle lenses which are supposed to be used in environments such as outdoors with high illuminance and relatively large amounts of reflected light, cause glare with polarizing filters to reduce eye fatigue due to the glare of reflected light It has a function of cutting or attenuating light of a wavelength.
- a polarizing lens for spectacles using a polarizing element having a transmittance of 30% or more in a visible light wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm is well known, and by prioritizing the brightness of the spectacle lens while maintaining a necessary polarization function to some extent.
- eyeglass lenses that can be worn on a daily basis (Tarex Co., Ltd., registered trademark: Moai lens).
- a microscope for microsurgery which performs surgery while enlarging and observing a surgical site, which is a living tissue, is known as eyeglasses used during surgery.
- An operating microscope equipped with a polarizing means for stereoscopically observing a surgical site by allowing polarized components having different vibration directions to enter is known (Patent Document 1).
- a dye (die) having fluorescence, phosphorescence, or luminescence is injected into the tissue of the surgical site, and the light excited by stimulating the die is irradiated.
- a system using surgical spectacles in which light having a specific wavelength is removed by an optical filter having an ability to remove, inhibit, absorb, reflect, or deflect, so that it is easy to see (Patent Document 2).
- the spectacle lens for surgery described in Patent Document 2 described above removes stimulating light with a polarizing filter when observing a living tissue with light excited from a luminescent dye, but does not use a luminescent dye. However, it does not disclose a polarization property that can be easily seen when performing a normal operation.
- Patent Literature 1 are surgical microscopes provided with a polarizing lens for stereoscopically observing an operation part, but allow an observer to observe a stereoscopic image on a monitor screen of the microscope. Therefore, bleeding at a specific site such as a tissue, a blood vessel, or blood of a living body cannot be directly discriminated through glasses.
- none of the conventional surgical spectacle lenses described above can accurately determine the boundary area between intravascular blood and extravascular hemorrhage under normal illumination in an operating room.
- an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and for a surgical optical lens used for observing a living tissue, under normal lighting in an operating room, leaked from a capillary into a living tissue.
- the purpose is to make it possible to find blood, that is, a fine bleeding spot, and to use a surgical optical lens that can be used, for example, as a surgical eyeglass lens or a surgical microscope lens.
- the present invention relates to a surgical optical lens used under illumination in an operating room, wherein a polarizing filter is provided integrally with a lens material, and a transmittance in a visible light wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm. It is composed of a polarizing lens having an average value of 40% or more, and the ratio of the minimum transmittance in the wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm to the average value of the transmittance in the visible light wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm is within the lens material or a layer integrated therewith.
- an optical lens for surgery containing a specific wavelength range absorbing dye so that the content is 18 to 50%.
- the surgical optical lens according to the present invention having the above-described configuration has a polarizing filter provided integrally with the lens material, and can be used to illuminate a room in a state where the surface of a living tissue is wet with a body fluid existing outside the cells. Since the miscellaneous light including irregularly reflected light from the light can be cut by the polarizing filter, a clean view of the tissue surface of the living body without reflected light can be obtained, and the minute portions of the capillaries and the surrounding tissues can be clearly observed.
- the spectacle lens material having a degree of polarization of 15 to 40% is preferably used to increase the transmittance in the visible light wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm as much as possible so that the spectacle lens is easy to see and bright. This is preferable because the contrast can be improved.
- This optical lens has an average transmittance of 40% or more in the visible light wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm (a value of the% value is rounded off to the first decimal place.
- the numerical value of% is the same hereinafter). Since it is a material, a bright field of view can be obtained even when the polarizing filter is used, and the resolution can be enhanced.
- a more preferable spectacle lens has an average value of the transmittance in the visible light wavelength region of 380 to 780 nm of 45 to 75%, more preferably 50 to 75%.
- the optical lens for surgery of the present invention contains a specific wavelength absorbing dye, so that the ratio of the minimum transmittance in the wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm to the average value of the transmittance in the visible light wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm is 18 to 50. %, And yellow light in a wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm is cut to the above-mentioned ratio of the amount of transmitted visible light.
- this optical lens is a lens that selectively transmits orange to red and green light, and in particular, the contrast between orange and other colors including red and green can be strongly recognized. The border between the blood color of the system and other colors can be easily determined.
- the surgical optical lens according to the present invention is a medical optical lens that makes it easy to visually recognize blood or bleeding spots leaking from blood vessels in living tissue, and to find minute bleeding spots as easily as possible. , And especially a surgical optical lens applicable to surgical glasses.
- the above-mentioned predetermined ratio of the minimum transmittance in the above-mentioned wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm is less than the lower limit (18%), the contrast becomes strong, but the image becomes too vivid and the eyes are easily tired. It is not preferable because it becomes thin and the field of view becomes dark, and it becomes rather difficult to distinguish a tissue or a thin blood vessel. Further, when the above-mentioned predetermined ratio of the minimum transmittance exceeds the upper limit (50%) of the above-mentioned predetermined range, the contrast between orange and red and other colors is reduced, and it is easy for the eyes to be tired and difficult. This is not preferable because it is not possible to clearly observe the minute portion of the capillaries and the surrounding tissue to such an extent.
- the predetermined ratio of the minimum transmittance in the wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm is 18 to 50%, preferably 20 to 50%, and more preferably 30 to 50%. Since the surgical optical lens of the present invention is not a spectacle lens used in a normal life, it is not necessary to satisfy a JIS standard or an international standard of a transmittance standard for a general spectacle lens. .
- a typical example of the specific wavelength absorbing dye capable of adjusting the ratio of the minimum transmittance in a wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm to about 18 to 50% is a tetraazaporphyrin compound, which has a main absorption peak of 565 to 605 nm. It is preferable because the dye exists in the range.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a spectrum of Example 1 and showing a relationship between wavelength and transmittance.
- 9 is a chart showing a spectrum of Example 2 and showing a relationship between wavelength and transmittance.
- 9 is a chart showing a spectrum of Example 3 and showing a relationship between wavelength and transmittance.
- 9 is a graph showing a spectrum of Example 4 and showing a relationship between wavelength and transmittance.
- FIG. 9 is a chart showing the spectrum of Reference Example 1-5 and showing the relationship between wavelength and transmittance.
- the eyeglass lens material of the surgical optical lens according to the embodiment of the present invention has a polarizing filter integrally provided and has an average transmittance of 40% or more in a visible light wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm.
- the polarizing filter is obtained as a polarizing film according to a well-known manufacturing method. For example, a film obtained by impregnating a film made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with iodine or an iodine compound, further adding a dye as necessary, and uniaxially stretching is used. Is preferred.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the material of the polarizing film is not limited to PVA, and a composite film in which a film made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or PVA and a film made of triacetyl cellulose, polycarbonate, or the like are laminated can also be used.
- a uniaxially stretched polarizing film made of PVA or the like is cut in accordance with the size of a meniscus-type optical lens, and is then formed by a well-known pressure molding (press molding) so as to follow a curve (radius of curvature) of the lens.
- press molding pressure molding
- a spherical curved surface is molded, and insert molding is performed using a lens molding mold.
- the polarizing film it is preferable to select a violet polarizing film dyed blue-violet, purple or red-purple, as compared with a gray or brown polarizing film. Since the violet-based polarizing film shows a spectral chart having a minimum value of the transmittance near 595 nm in a wavelength range of 600 nm or less, the green or yellow light is cut to emit orange or red long wavelength light. It is because it is easy to see.
- the polarizing film used in the present invention is dyed with a predetermined color tone, for example, if the polarizing film is made only of iodine without adding a dye, a gray color is obtained.
- the gray color thus obtained is used as a basic color, and a dye is added as necessary to color the polarizing film. For example, when a red or yellow dye is added to a polarizing film containing iodine, a brown color tone is obtained, and when a violet dye is added, a violet color tone is obtained.
- Dyes used in producing the polarizing film are water-soluble dyes, and when subdivided, include basic dyes, acid dyes, direct dyes, acid mordant dyes, soluble vat dyes, and the like. Dyes can be used. Specific examples of the water-soluble dye include black GGN, violet BBN, blue BGR, brown 5GS, green 3GSN, red G3B, yellow GC, and the like.
- the characteristic evaluation ratio that makes long-wavelength light of orange or red more visible is larger in the order of violet, gray, and brown. From these facts, it is possible to further enhance the action of adding the specific wavelength-absorbing dye to the lens material described above by employing the violet-based polarizing film, so that it is easier to distinguish the colors of orange and red blood.
- Optical lens it is possible to further enhance the action of adding the specific wavelength-absorbing dye to the lens material described above by employing the violet-based polarizing film, so that it is easier to distinguish the colors of orange and red blood.
- the material forming the lens material may be either synthetic resin or inorganic glass, and an adhesive layer or a coating layer may be provided integrally with the lens material as needed.
- a resin that can be cast (cast) molded for an optical lens such as an eyeglass lens can be widely used.
- MMA methyl methacrylate resin
- PC polycarbonate resin
- a medium refractive index resin for example, Nippon Oil & Fats: Corporex, refractive index 1.56
- a high refractive index resin containing allyl diglycol carbonate as a component thereof and a compound of isocyanate and polythiol for example, Mitsui Chemicals: Thiourethane
- a thiourethane resin or a urethane resin having a system resin MR-7 and a refractive index of 1.67) is also a typical example.
- a specific wavelength absorbing dye is blended in the lens material or a layer integral with the lens material so that the ratio of the minimum transmittance in the wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm to the average value of the transmittance in the visible wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm is 18 to 50%.
- an organic dye containing a tetraazaporphyrin compound is added to a lens material or an adhesive used for interlayer bonding or a coating material for the lens surface or layer surface, and a 10-hour half-life temperature of 90 hours is used as a polymerization initiator.
- a peroxyester-based peroxide or a peroxyketal-based peroxide at 110110 ° C. is blended.
- a typical polymerization method for producing a plastic lens using ethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate or the like as a lens material includes a cast polymerization method.
- a resin material composition comprising a resin lens material, an organic dye and other necessary additives is arranged via a gasket or a tape in order to produce an eyeglass lens.
- polymerization and curing are performed under predetermined polymerization conditions, and then the mold is released from the glass mold or metal mold to obtain a cured plastic lens material.
- the tetraazaporphyrin compound which is a typical example of the specific wavelength absorbing dye used in the present invention, is a well-known compound represented by the following chemical formula 1, and furthermore, a commercially available product represented by the following chemical formula 2, which is commercially available from Yamamoto Kasei Co., Ltd. PD-311S manufactured by Yamada Chemical Industries, Ltd .: TAP-2 and TAP-9.
- Z 1 to Z 8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a nitro group, a cyano group, a hydroxy group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, or a linear group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a ring other than an aromatic ring may be formed via a linking group, and M is two hydrogen atoms, a divalent metal atom, a divalent monosubstituted metal atom, a tetravalent disubstituted metal atom, or an oxy group. Represents a metal atom.
- the polymerization initiator used in the present invention is a peroxyester peroxide or a peroxyketal peroxide having a 10-hour half-life temperature of 90 to 110 ° C.
- peroxyester peroxide examples include t-hexyl peroxybenzoate, t-butyl peroxybenzoate, t-hexyl peroxyisopropyl monocarbonate and t-butyl peroxyacetate.
- peroxyketal-based peroxide includes 1,1-di (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane.
- the optical lens has a main absorption peak of visible light spectral transmittance with a sufficient absorbance (same as the transmittance).
- the surgical optical lens of the present invention may be subjected to a hard coat treatment.
- a hard coat treatment For example, by immersing a lens in a solution containing a silicon-based compound or the like, a reinforced film can be formed to improve the surface hardness.
- the performance can be further improved by performing antifogging treatment, antireflection treatment, chemical resistance treatment, antistatic treatment, mirror treatment, and the like.
- Example 1 3 parts by mass of a polymerization initiator (trade name: Perbutyl Z, manufactured by NOF CORPORATION) is added to 100 parts by mass of a monomer of ethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate (trade name: CR39), and has an absorbency in a wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm.
- a resin material for lens molding to which 0.0056 parts by mass of an organic dye (Yamamoto Kasei Co., Ltd .: PD-311S, maximum absorption wavelength: 585 nm) was added was used.
- the polarizing film used was a uniaxially stretched film in which a water-soluble dye (violet) was impregnated into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film by impregnation or the like.
- the gasket holding the polarizing film as described above is disposed between a pair of molds having a concave surface and a convex surface corresponding to the shape of the eyeglass lens for surgery and can be arranged facing each other, and liquid-tightly fitted.
- the above prepared resin material is degassed and injected into a cavity formed by leaving an appropriate interval, and is then heated and cured at 100 ° C., and then the temperature is gradually lowered. After completion over 48 hours, the mold was removed to obtain a surgical optical lens.
- the spectral transmittance of the obtained optical lens for surgery was measured with a U-2000 spectrophotometer manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.
- FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the measured wavelength (nm) and the transmittance (%).
- Table 2 shows the average values of the spectral transmittance of the lens material of Example 1 at wavelengths of 600, 595, 590, 585, and 580 nm, and the spectral transmittance at wavelengths of 380 to 780 nm.
- the ratio (percentage of A / B) of the minimum transmittance A in the wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm to the average value B of the transmittance in the visible light wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm showing the contrast characteristic is expressed by the following equation (1). It was calculated by substituting the measured values in Table 2, and the value, 18.80 [%], was also shown in Table 2.
- Example 2 A surgical optical lens in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that a polarizing film having a gray color tone which was uniaxially stretched by impregnating iodine into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film and used as a polarizing film was used.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the spectral transmittance of the obtained surgical optical lens was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the relationship between the wavelength and the transmittance is shown in FIG. 2 (spectral transmittance curve), and the measured values are also shown in Table 2.
- (A / B) ⁇ 100 [%] in the formula (1) of this lens was 18.99, and the surgical glasses were excellent in contrast as in Example 1.
- Example 3 In Example 1, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film was used as a polarizing film, and a water-soluble dye (red) was included by impregnation or the like, and a uniaxially stretched brown polarizing film was used. To produce a surgical optical lens.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- the spectral transmittance of the obtained surgical optical lens was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the relationship between the wavelength and the transmittance is shown in FIG. 3 (spectral transmittance curve), and the measured values are also shown in Table 2.
- (A / B) ⁇ 100 [%] in the mathematical expression (1) of this lens was 19.11, and the surgical glasses were excellent in contrast as in Example 1.
- an organic dye manufactured by Yamamoto Kasei Co., Ltd .: PD-311S, maximum absorption wavelength: 585 nm
- a resin for lens molding was added by adding 0.0040 parts by mass of the same organic dye.
- a medical professional wears the thus-obtained optical lens for surgery of Example 1-4 on an eyeglass frame, and asks a questionnaire about the ease of distinguishing the presence or absence of bleeding from a small blood vessel during surgery. investigated. As a result, bleeding from minute blood vessels having a diameter of 1 mm or less in human living tissue became extremely easy to recognize, and excellent evaluation as medical glasses for excellent surgery and the like was obtained from a majority of the subjects.
- Example 1 is a lens molding in which no polarizing film was used and 0.0074 parts by mass of an organic dye having absorption in the wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm (Yamamoto Kasei Co., Ltd .: PD-311S, maximum absorption wavelength 585 nm) was added.
- An optical lens (Reference Example 1) was manufactured in exactly the same manner except that a resin material for use was used.
- the spectral transmittance of the obtained optical lens was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the values of the Lab color system were measured. The measured values are shown in Tables 3 and 4, and the wavelength and the transmittance were measured. The relationship is shown in FIG. 5 (spectral transmittance curve).
- (A / B) ⁇ 100 [%] in the equation (1) of this lens is 19.25, which is an optical lens not using a polarizing film. It was used as a reference for the blending amount of the region absorbing dye. In Reference Example 1, the contrast is good, but if the polarizing filter is integrated, the field of view may be slightly too dark.
- Reference Example 2 An optical lens (Reference Example 2) was manufactured in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that no polarizing film was used.
- the body spectral transmittance was measured in the same manner as in Reference Example 1, and the value of the Lab color system was also measured.
- the relationship between the wavelength and the transmittance was shown in FIG. 5 (spectral transmittance curve).
- the measured values are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
- (A / B) ⁇ 100 [%] in the formula (1) of this lens is 30.99, and the compounding amount of the specific wavelength region absorbing dye for obtaining the contrast property of Example 1 using no polarizing film. It was a reference value considered to be an appropriate amount.
- Reference Example 3-5 In Reference Example 1, 0.0037 parts by mass of an organic dye having absorption in a wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm (PD331S, manufactured by Yamamoto Kasei Co., Ltd., maximum absorption wavelength: 585 nm) was added to 100 parts by mass of the resin material for lens molding. An optical lens of Reference Example 3-5 was produced in exactly the same manner as in Example 3 except that 0.0019 parts by mass (Reference Example 4) and 0.0007 parts by mass (Reference Example 5) were added.
- P331S organic dye having absorption in a wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm
- the spectral transmittance of the obtained optical lens for surgery was measured in the same manner as in Reference Example 1, and the value of the Lab color system was also measured.
- the relationship between the wavelength and the transmittance was shown in FIG. 5 (spectral transmittance curve). , Measured values and the like are also shown in Tables 3 and 4.
- the values of (A / B) ⁇ 100 [%] in the formula (1) for the lenses of Reference Examples 3, 4, and 5 are 48.65, 72.58, and 95.73, respectively, and no polarizing film is used.
- This value was a reference value for the amount of the specific wavelength band absorbing dye to be used for obtaining the desired contrast property in the optical lens. That is, in Reference Example 3, the reference value was considered to be an appropriate amount as the blending amount of the specific wavelength band absorbing dye for obtaining the same contrast as in Example 1.
- the average value of the spectral transmittance at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm was 70% or more. It was assumed that the sex filter might not be able to cut sufficiently.
- Example 5 the lens molding resin material was prepared by reacting a prepolymer obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate and a polyhydroxy compound of a polyurethane material with MOCA which is 4,4′-methylenebis (2-chloroaniline) as a curing agent.
- MOCA 4,4′-methylenebis (2-chloroaniline)
- a polarizing filter was integrally provided in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixing was performed at a quantitative ratio, and that TAP2 (595 nm was the maximum absorption wavelength) of Yamada Chemical Industry was added to 0.0040 part. An optical lens having a red-enhancing polarization was obtained.
- the spectral transmittance at the wavelength of 600, 595, 590, 585, and 580 nm and the spectral transmittance of the wavelength of 380 to 780 nm are measured. The average value was examined. As a result, excellent surgical glasses having substantially the same number spectral transmittance as in Example 1 and having the same contrast as in Example 1 were obtained.
- Example 6 In Example 1, 100 parts of a thiourethane resin (MR20 of Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) was used instead of ethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate as a material of the lens material, and an organic dye (TAP2 (5957 nm, manufactured by Yamada Chemical Industries, Ltd.) having a maximum absorption wavelength of 100 parts) was used. )) was added in the same manner as above except that 0.0040 part was added to the lens material, and a polarizing filter was integrally provided to obtain a high-refractive, polarizing, surgical optical lens in which red was emphasized. Was.
- the spectral transmittance at wavelengths of 600, 595, 590, 585 and 580 nm and the average value of the spectral transmittance at wavelengths of 380 to 780 nm were examined. Excellent surgical glasses having similar contrast properties were obtained.
- Example 7 An adhesive was applied between the facing surfaces of the two glass lens materials, and the polarizing film used in Example 1 was inserted between the adhesive layers and laminated.
- the adhesive used at this time was prepared by adding 0.0080 parts of an organic dye having absorption in a wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm (Yamamoto Kasei Co., Ltd .: PD331S, maximum absorption wavelength: 585 nm).
- a surgical optical lens having a polarizing property in which red was emphasized was produced.
- the spectral transmittance at wavelengths of 600, 595, 590, 585 and 580 nm and the average value of the spectral transmittance at wavelengths of 380 to 780 nm were examined. Similarly, excellent surgical glasses having the required contrast were obtained.
- Example 1 An optical lens was manufactured in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polarizing film having a degree of polarization of 99% or more was used. The obtained optical lens has an average transmittance as low as about 35%. When this optical lens is used as a surgical optical lens, the transmittance in the visible light region is low, and it is difficult to distinguish the shadow in the surgical region. That was clear.
- Example 3 an optical lens was prepared by adding only an organic dye (PD331S, manufactured by Yamamoto Kasei Co., Ltd., maximum absorption wavelength: 585 nm) having an absorption in a wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm without using a polarizing film. Such an optical lens cannot remove reflected light or stimulating light under illumination for surgery, and it is difficult to distinguish a fine shaded portion.
- organic dye P331S, manufactured by Yamamoto Kasei Co., Ltd., maximum absorption wavelength: 585 nm
- the surgical optical lens of the present invention is a polarizing lens having an average transmittance of 40% or more in the visible light wavelength range, and has a specific wavelength range absorption.
- the ratio of the minimum transmittance in the wavelength range of 580 to 600 nm to the average value of the transmittance in the visible light wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm is adjusted to 18 to 50%. It had a contrast property that made it easy to identify blood leaked from blood vessels in living tissue.
- the present invention relates to a surgical optical lens used when performing surgery on humans or animals for the purpose of treatment, diagnosis, inspection, and the like, and for example, surgical glasses used for observing a living tissue such as an organ or an eye.
- the present invention can be applied as a lens for the medical industry, such as a lens, a lens for a surgical microscope (loupe), and a lens for an endoscope such as a gastroscope.
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Abstract
Description
また、上記の最小透過率の所定割合が、上記所定範囲の上限値(50%)を超えると、橙色及び赤色と他の色とのコントラストが低下し、目に優しく疲れ難くなるが、所期した程度に毛細血管やその周辺組織の微細な部分を明瞭に観察できなくなるので、好ましくない。
上記の理由から、上記波長域580~600nmの最小透過率の所定割合は、18~50%であり、好ましくは20~50%であり、より好ましくは30~50%である。
なお、この発明の手術用光学レンズは、通常の生活で使用する眼鏡用レンズではないので、一般的な眼鏡用レンズを対象とする透過率の規格のJIS規格や国際規格を満足させる必要はない。
偏光性フィルタは、周知製法に従って偏光フィルムとして得られるが、例えばポリビニルアルコール(PVA)製フィルムにヨウ素もしくはヨウ素化合物含浸等によって含ませ、さらに必要に応じて染料を添加して一軸延伸したものを採用することが好ましい。
水溶性染料の具体例としては、ブラックGGN、バイオレットBBN、ブルーBGR、ブラウン5GS、グリーン3GSN、レッドG3B、イエローGCなどが挙げられる。
重合硬化は、樹脂原料の組成、触媒、モールドの形状等に応じて温度調整されるが、20~100℃程度の温度で1~48時間かけて加熱する処理であり、硬化成形終了後は、レンズ注型用鋳型からレンズを取り出せばプラスチック眼鏡レンズ素材を得ることができる。
エチレングリコールビスアリルカーボネートのモノマー(商品名:CR39)100質量部に対し、重合開始剤(日本油脂社製:商品名パーブチルZ)を3質量部添加し、波長域580~600nmに吸収性のある有機色素(山本化成社製:PD-311S、最大吸収波長585nm)を0.0056質量部添加したレンズ成形用樹脂材料を用いた。
また、偏光フィルムは、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)製フィルムに、水溶性染料(バイオレット)を含浸等によって含ませ、一軸延伸したフィルムを用いた。
また、実施例1のレンズ素材についての波長600、595、590、585、580nmにおける分光透過率、波長380~780nmの分光透過率の平均値を表2中に示した。また、コントラスト特性を示す前記可視光線波長域380~780nmの透過率の平均値Bに対する波長域580~600nmの最小透過率Aの割合(A/Bの百分率)を、以下の数式(1)に表2中の測定値を代入して算出し、その値である18.80[%]を表2中に併記した。
(A/B)・100[%]=(波長580-600nmの最小透過率/波長380-780nmの分光透過率の平均値)×100
実施例1において、偏光フィルムとして、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)製フィルムに、ヨウ素を含浸等によって含ませて一軸延伸したグレー系色調の偏光フィルムを用いたこと以外は、全く同様にして手術用光学レンズを製造した。
実施例1において、偏光フィルムとして、ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)製フィルムに、水溶性染料(赤色系)を含浸等によって含ませ、一軸延伸したブラウン系の偏光フィルムを用いたこと以外は、全く同様にして手術用光学レンズを製造した。
実施例1において、有機色素(山本化成社製:PD-311S、最大吸収波長585nm)を0.0056質量部添加することに代えて、同有機色素を0.0040質量部添加したレンズ成形用樹脂材料を用いたこと以外は、全く同様にして手術用光学レンズを製造した。
得られた手術用光学レンズについて、実施例1と同様に分光透過率を測定し、波長と透過率の関係を図4(分光透過率曲線)に示し、また測定値等を表2中に併記した。このレンズの数式(1)の(A/B)・100[%]=40.61であり、実施例1と同様にコントラスト性に優れた手術用眼鏡であった。
その結果、ヒト生体組織の直径1mm以下の微小な血管からの出血が、極めて見分けやすくなり、優れた手術等の医療用眼鏡であるという優れた評価が、過半数の調査対象者から得られた。
実施例1において、偏光フィルムを用いなかったこと及び波長域580~600nmに吸収性のある有機色素(山本化成社製:PD-311S、最大吸収波長585nm)を0.0074質量部添加したレンズ成形用樹脂材料を用いたこと以外は、全く同様にして光学レンズ(参考例1)を製造した。
実施例1において、偏光フィルムを用いなかったこと以外は、全く同様にして光学レンズ(参考例2)を製造した。
参考例1において、波長域580~600nmに吸収性のある有機色素(山本化成社製:PD331S、最大吸収波長585nm)をレンズ成形用樹脂材料100質量部に対して、0.0037質量部(参考例3)、0.0019質量部(参考例4)、0.0007質量部(参考例5)を添加したこと以外は、全く同様にして参考例3-5の光学レンズを製造した。
すなわち、参考例3では、実施例1と同様のコントラスト性を得るための特定波長域吸収色素の配合量として適量と考えられる参考値であった。また、参考例4、5については、波長380-780nmの分光透過率の平均値が70%以上になり、偏光フィルムと一体化しても反射光を含む雑光を偏光度を低めに調整した偏光性フィルタでは充分にカットできない状態になる可能性が想定された。
実施例1において、レンズ成形用樹脂材料を、ポリウレタン材料のポリイソシアネートとポリヒドロキシ化合物を反応させたプレポリマーと、硬化剤として4,4'-メチレンビス(2-クロロアニリン)であるMOCAとを等量比で混合し、さらに山田化学工業のTAP2(595nmが最大吸収波長)を0.0040部添加したものに変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、偏光性フィルタを一体に設けた赤色強調の偏光性を有する光学レンズを得た。
実施例1において、レンズ素材の材料のエチレングリコールビスアリルカーボネートに代えて、チオウレタン樹脂(三井化学のMR20)100部に対して、有機色素(山田化学工業社製:TAP2(5957nmが最大吸収波長))を0.0040部を添加したものをレンズ素材としたこと以外は同様にして、偏光性フィルタを一体に設けて赤色の強調された高屈折性で偏光性のある手術用光学レンズを得た。
2枚のガラス製レンズ素材の対向面間に、接着剤を塗布し、接着剤層の間に実施例1で用いた偏光フィルムを挿入して積層した。このとき用いた接着剤には、波長域580~600nmに吸収性のある有機色素(山本化成社製:PD331S、最大吸収波長585nm)を0.0080部添加したものであり、前記積層による全層一体化により、赤色が強調して見える偏光性を有する手術用光学レンズを製造した。
実施例1において、偏光度が99%以上の偏光フィルムを使用したこと以外は、全く同様にして光学レンズを製造した。
得られた光学レンズは、平均透過率は約35%と低いものであり、この光学レンズは、手術用光学レンズとして用いると、可視光域の透過率が低くて手術域の陰影の判別が難しいことは明らかであった。
レンズ材料として、ポリウレタンのプレポリマー/モカを等量比で混合する中に、有機染料として山田化学工業のTAP2(595nmが最大吸収波長)を0.0080部添加して赤色強調の偏光性を有するレンズを製造したが、可視光域波長380-780nmの平均透過率は約15%であった。
従って、このような光学レンズは、手術用光学レンズとして使用しても可視光域の透過率が低すぎて、陰影部の判別が難しいことは明らかであった。
実施例1において、偏光フィルムを使用せず、波長域580~600nmに吸収性のある有機色素(山本化成社製:PD331S、最大吸収波長585nm)染料のみを添加して光学レンズを作製した。
このような光学レンズは、手術用の照明下で反射光や刺激光を除去できないものであり、細かい陰影部の判別が難しいものであった。
Claims (6)
- 偏光性フィルタがレンズ素材と一体に設けられ、可視光線波長域380~780nmの透過率の平均値が40%以上の偏光性レンズからなり、前記レンズ素材またはそれと一体の層内に前記可視光線波長域380~780nmの透過率の平均値に対する波長域580~600nmの最小透過率の割合が18~50%であるように特定波長域吸収色素を含有する手術用光学レンズ。
- 前記偏光性レンズが、偏光度15~40%の偏光性レンズである請求項1に記載の手術用光学レンズ。
- 前記可視光線波長域380~780nmの透過率の平均値が、45~75%である請求項1または2に記載の手術用光学レンズ。
- 前記特定波長域吸収色素が、テトラアザポルフィリン化合物である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の手術用光学レンズ。
- 前記偏光性フィルタが、青紫色、紫色または赤紫色に染色された偏光性フィルタである請求項1または4に記載の手術用光学レンズ。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の手術用光学レンズからなる手術用眼鏡レンズ。
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