WO2020022396A1 - ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム - Google Patents
ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020022396A1 WO2020022396A1 PCT/JP2019/029078 JP2019029078W WO2020022396A1 WO 2020022396 A1 WO2020022396 A1 WO 2020022396A1 JP 2019029078 W JP2019029078 W JP 2019029078W WO 2020022396 A1 WO2020022396 A1 WO 2020022396A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyvinyl alcohol
- based film
- pva
- film
- mass
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 224
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 224
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical group OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007666 vacuum forming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 189
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 161
- 125000000914 phenoxymethylpenicillanyl group Chemical group CC1(S[C@H]2N([C@H]1C(=O)*)C([C@H]2NC(COC2=CC=CC=C2)=O)=O)C 0.000 description 161
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 14
- -1 as described above Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012785 packaging film Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allylamine Chemical compound NCC=C VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009512 pharmaceutical packaging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229940105990 diglycerin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical group O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenepropanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=C)C(O)=O PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical group OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010081873 Persil Proteins 0.000 description 2
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical class NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- IAUGBVWVWDTCJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(prop-2-enoylamino)propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCC(S(O)(=O)=O)NC(=O)C=C IAUGBVWVWDTCJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVGRCEFMXPHEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxypropane Chemical compound CCCOC=C OVGRCEFMXPHEBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYSDHEOQHCDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)CS(O)(=O)=O XEEYSDHEOQHCDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC=C OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HETCEOQFVDFGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropenyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=C)OC(C)=O HETCEOQFVDFGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YCUBDDIKWLELPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(=O)OC=C YCUBDDIKWLELPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC=C MEGHWIAOTJPCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C GLVVKKSPKXTQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFJVXXWOPWLRNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl formate Chemical compound C=COC=O GFJVXXWOPWLRNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFSIMBWBBOJPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC=C AFSIMBWBBOJPJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002689 maleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940088644 n,n-dimethylacrylamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)C=C YLGYACDQVQQZSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- SWPMNMYLORDLJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CCNC(=O)C=C SWPMNMYLORDLJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)C=C YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-M pent-4-enoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC=C HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001290 polyvinyl ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004436 sodium atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010558 suspension polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an alcohol radical
- C08F216/04—Acyclic compounds
- C08F216/06—Polyvinyl alcohol ; Vinyl alcohol
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/22—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/34—Introducing sulfur atoms or sulfur-containing groups
- C08F8/36—Sulfonation; Sulfation
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/02—2 layers
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/738—Thermoformability
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B32B2439/46—Bags
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/80—Medical packaging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2553/00—Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2429/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2429/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol-based film having excellent moldability.
- Polyvinyl alcohol-based films are water-soluble and are widely used as packaging materials for accommodating various chemicals such as agricultural chemicals, chemicals, dyes, detergents, fertilizers, cosmetics, and sanitary products.
- a packaging material utilizing the water solubility of the film, is used to directly enter into an aqueous medium to decompose or dissolve the packaging material to obtain a solution, or to use the packaging material opened at the time of use as it is by flowing it into water. It is used for discarding purposes.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that 1 to 50 parts by weight of a plasticizer and starch are added to 100 parts by weight of a sulfonic acid-modified polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 90 mol% or more.
- An invention relating to a water-soluble film comprising a resin composition containing 5 to 50 parts by weight is disclosed, and it is described that the film has excellent chemical resistance.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a polyvinyl alcohol-based film having excellent moldability.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and found that a polyvinyl alcohol-based film in which the tan ⁇ at 30 ° C. in the width direction of the film and the storage elastic modulus of the film at 140 ° C. in the width direction of the film are in a specific range is the above problem. Can be solved, and the following invention has been completed. That is, the present invention provides the following [1] to [12].
- a viscosity of a 4% by mass aqueous solution of the polyvinyl alcohol resin is 10.5 to 25 mPa ⁇ s.
- a medicine package comprising the polyvinyl alcohol-based film according to any of the above [1] to [10], and a medicine contained in the polyvinyl alcohol-based film.
- a drug introduction step of introducing a medicine into a concave portion of the formed polyvinyl alcohol-based film, and, on the upper part of the concave portion formed in a part of the polyvinyl alcohol-based film, another portion of the same polyvinyl alcohol-based film or
- a method of manufacturing a medicine package comprising: an adhesion step of overlapping and bonding another polyvinyl alcohol-based film.
- a polyvinyl alcohol-based film having good moldability can be provided.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based film containing the polyvinyl alcohol resin of the present invention has a tan ⁇ of 0.20 or less at 30 ° C. in the width direction of the film in an air atmosphere at a relative humidity of 50% RH, and the width of the film in a dry atmosphere.
- the storage elastic modulus at 140 ° C. in the direction is 11.2 ⁇ 10 6 to 20 ⁇ 10 6 Pa.
- the term “under a dry atmosphere” means a state in which the water content is 1000 ppm or less.
- the width direction of the film means a direction in the plane of the film (TD: Transverse Direction) orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (MD: Machine Direction) of the film.
- the width direction of the film is usually the direction in which the elongation at break is highest.
- “tan ⁇ at 30 ° C. in the width direction of the film in an air atmosphere at a relative humidity of 50% RH” may be referred to as “tan ⁇ at 30 ° C.”
- the storage elastic modulus at 140 ° C. in the width direction of the film may be referred to as “storage elastic modulus at 140 ° C.”.
- polyvinyl alcohol may be referred to as “PVA”.
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based film (PVA-based film) of the present invention has a tan ⁇ of not more than 0.20 at 30 ° C. in the width direction of the film in an air atmosphere at a relative humidity of 50% RH. If tan ⁇ at 30 ° C. exceeds 0.20, when the PVA-based film is vacuum-formed, the shape tends to be deformed over time, and the moldability tends to deteriorate.
- tan ⁇ is a value calculated from the loss elastic modulus and the storage elastic modulus obtained by the dynamic viscoelasticity measurement, and is obtained by dividing the loss elastic modulus by the storage elastic modulus.
- the loss elastic modulus is a physical property value that easily reflects the viscosity property of a polymer. As the loss elastic modulus increases, tan ⁇ increases, and the polymer tends to exhibit a viscosity tendency at the measurement temperature. Means strong. When tan ⁇ at 30 ° C. exceeds 0.20, it is considered that the shape of the formed PVA-based film tends to change with time due to high viscosity and residual stress, and the moldability tends to deteriorate. From the viewpoint of improving the moldability of the PVA-based film, tan ⁇ is preferably 0.19 or less. The lower limit of tan ⁇ is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 in practical use.
- the dynamic viscoelasticity was measured using a dynamic viscoelasticity device ("DVA-200" manufactured by IT Measurement Control Co., Ltd.) under the conditions of a tensile mode and a frequency of 1 Hz under an environment of a relative humidity of 50% RH. Tan ⁇ at 30 ° C. can be determined.
- DVA-200 dynamic viscoelasticity device manufactured by IT Measurement Control Co., Ltd.
- the storage modulus of the PVA-based film of the present invention at 140 ° C. in the width direction of the film in a dry atmosphere is 11.2 ⁇ 10 6 to 20 ⁇ 10 6 Pa. If the storage elastic modulus at 140 ° C. is less than 11.2 ⁇ 10 6 , plastic deformation may occur when the film is vacuum formed, and the stretched shape may not be maintained. On the other hand, if the storage elastic modulus at 140 ° C. exceeds 20 ⁇ 10 6 Pa, the film is hard and molding tends to be difficult.
- the storage elastic modulus at 140 ° C. of the PVA-based film is in the specific range.
- a PVA-based film having a storage elastic modulus at 140 ° C. within a specific range is considered to be excellent in moldability, particularly vacuum moldability, based on the time-temperature conversion rule of a polymer.
- the time-temperature conversion rule is an empirical rule that determines the relationship between time and temperature because the relaxation time in the stress relaxation measurement of a polymer object depends on the temperature. In other words, the time-temperature conversion rule is that when a certain reference temperature is taken, the behavior at a higher temperature is a short-time behavior at the reference temperature, and the behavior at a lower temperature is a long-term behavior at the reference temperature.
- the film is formed instantaneously at a forming temperature preferably lower than 140 ° C., so that short-time behavior is important. Therefore, it is considered that the storage elastic modulus at 140 ° C. is related to the superiority of the moldability at the molding temperature. From the viewpoint of improving the moldability of the PVA-based film of the present invention, the storage modulus at 140 ° C. is preferably 11.2 ⁇ 10 6 to 19.5 ⁇ 10 6 Pa, and 13.0 ⁇ 10 6 Pa.
- the storage elastic modulus can be determined by dynamic viscoelasticity measurement in the same manner as the measurement of tan ⁇ described above.
- the tan ⁇ at 30 ° C. and the storage modulus at 140 ° C. of the PVA-based film are as follows: the composition of the PVA-based film such as a PVA resin, a plasticizer to be described later, and the like; By adjusting the degree of polymerization and the degree of polymerization, the above range can be adjusted.
- the PVA-based film of the present invention contains a polyvinyl alcohol resin (PVA resin).
- the PVA resin is obtained by polymerizing a vinyl ester to obtain a polymer according to a conventionally known method, and then saponifying the polymer, that is, hydrolyzing the polymer. In general, an alkali or an acid is used for saponification, but it is preferable to use an alkali.
- As the PVA resin only one type may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- vinyl esters examples include vinyl acetate, vinyl formate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl versatate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, and vinyl benzoate.
- the method for polymerizing the vinyl ester is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a solution polymerization method, a bulk polymerization method, and a suspension polymerization method.
- the PVA resin may be unmodified PVA or modified PVA. From the viewpoint of setting the tan ⁇ at 30 ° C. of the PVA-based film and the storage elastic modulus at 140 ° C. in a desired range, the PVA resin preferably contains an unmodified PVA and a modified PVA. And modified PVA. Further, when the PVA resin contains the modified PVA, the chemical resistance of the PVA-based film is improved.
- the term “chemical resistance” means a property that does not decrease the water solubility of a film when a drug is packaged and stored.
- the content of unmodified PVA is preferably 15% by mass or more, more preferably 25% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the PVA-based film, and It is preferably at most 70% by mass, more preferably at most 65% by mass. Based on the total amount of the PVA-based film, the content of the modified PVA is preferably at least 10% by mass, more preferably at least 20% by mass, and preferably at most 60% by mass, more preferably at most 55% by mass.
- the mass ratio of unmodified PVA to modified PVA is preferably from 0.3 to 3, and from 0.5 to 2 .5 is more preferable.
- Examples of unmodified PVA include saponified polyvinyl esters.
- the modified PVA is obtained by saponifying a polymer of a vinyl ester and another unsaturated monomer.
- Examples of the other unsaturated monomers include monomers other than vinyl esters and having a carbon-carbon double bond such as a vinyl group.
- Examples thereof include olefins, (meth) acrylic acid and salts thereof, and (meth) ) Acrylates, unsaturated acids other than (meth) acrylic acid, salts and esters thereof, (meth) acrylamides, N-vinylamides, vinyl ethers, nitriles, vinyl halides, allyl compounds, vinylsilyl compounds, Isopropenyl acetate, a sulfonic acid group-containing compound, an amino group-containing compound and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the olefin include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, and isobutene.
- (meth) acrylates include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, i-propyl (meth) acrylate, and n-butyl (meth) acrylate. And 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate.
- Unsaturated acids other than (meth) acrylic acid, salts and esters thereof include maleic acid and its salts, maleic acid esters, itaconic acid and its salts, itaconic acid esters, methylenemalonic acid and its salts, and methylenemalonic acid esters Is mentioned.
- (Meth) acrylamides include acrylamide, n-methylacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide and the like.
- Examples of N-vinyl amides include N-vinyl pyrrolidone.
- Examples of vinyl ethers include methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, n-propyl vinyl ether, i-propyl vinyl ether, and n-butyl vinyl ether.
- Examples of the nitriles include (meth) acrylonitrile.
- Examples of vinyl halides include vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride. Allyl compounds include allyl acetate and allyl chloride.
- Examples of the vinylsilyl compound include vinyltrimethoxysilane.
- Examples of the sulfonic acid group-containing compound include (meth) acrylamidoalkanesulfonic acid such as (meth) acrylamidopropanesulfonic acid and salts thereof, and olefinsulfonic acids such as ethylenesulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, and methallylsulfonic acid, and salts thereof.
- Examples of the amino group-containing compound include allylamine, polyoxyethylene allylamine, polyoxypropylene allylamine, polyoxyethylene vinylamine, and polyoxypropylene vinylamine.
- the modified PVA may be a PVA obtained by adding a hydrophilic group such as a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, an amino group, or a pyrrolidone group to PVA by graft polymerization or the like.
- a hydrophilic group such as a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, an amino group, or a pyrrolidone group
- the modified PVA is particularly preferably one modified by at least one modified group selected from a sulfonic acid group, a pyrrolidone ring group, an amino group, and a carboxyl group. That is, specific preferred modified PVAs include sulfonic acid group-modified PVA, pyrrolidone ring group-modified PVA, amino group-modified PVA, and carboxyl group-modified PVA. Note that these modifying groups include, in addition to these functional groups, salts of these functional groups such as sodium and potassium. Further, from the viewpoint of further improving the chemical resistance, a sulfonic acid group is more preferable as the modifying group, that is, as the modified PVA, a sulfonic acid group-modified PVA is more preferable.
- the PVA resin preferably contains a sulfonic acid group-modified PVA, and the content of the sulfonic acid group-modified PVA is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20% by mass, based on the total amount of the PVA-based film. %, And preferably 60% by mass or less, more preferably 55% by mass or less.
- the sulfonic acid group-modified PVA is preferably used in combination with the unmodified PVA.
- the content of the unmodified PVA is preferably 15% by mass or more, more preferably 25% by mass or more, and preferably 70% by mass or less, more preferably 65% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the PVA-based film.
- the content is further preferably 60% by mass or less, still more preferably 55% by mass or less, particularly preferably 50% by mass or less.
- the content of the sulfonic acid group-modified PVA is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 20% by mass or more, and preferably 60% by mass or less, more preferably 55% by mass. %, Even more preferably 50% by mass or less.
- the mass ratio of unmodified PVA to sulfonic acid group-modified PVA is preferably 0.3 to 3, more preferably 0.5 to 2.5. Preferably, it is 0.8 to 2.3, more preferably, 1 to 2.2.
- the sulfonic acid group-modified PVA is not particularly limited as long as it has a sulfonic acid group introduced by modification, but is preferably one in which a sulfonic acid group is bonded to a polymer main chain via a linking group.
- the linking group include an amide group, an alkylene group, an ester group, and an ether group. Of these, a combination of an amide group and an alkylene group is preferred.
- the above-mentioned (meth) acrylamidoalkanesulfonic acid or a salt thereof may be used as an unsaturated monomer.
- the sulfonic acid group is preferably composed of a sulfonic acid salt, particularly preferably a sodium sulfonic acid group.
- the modified PVA is sodium sulfonate-modified PVA
- the sodium sulfonate-modified PVA preferably has a structural unit represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the pyrrolidone ring group-modified PVA is not particularly limited as long as the pyrrolidone ring is introduced by modification, but preferably has a structural unit represented by the following formula (2).
- N-vinylpyrrolidone may be used as another unsaturated monomer.
- the amino group-modified PVA is not particularly limited as long as it has an amino group introduced by modification, but preferably has a structural unit represented by the following formula (3).
- R 2 represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the carboxyl group-modified PVA is not particularly limited as long as the carboxyl group has been introduced by modification, but the structure represented by the following formula (4-1), (4-2) or (4-3) It preferably has units.
- X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 and X 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a metal atom or a methyl group. That is, the carboxyl group in the present specification also includes salts and methyl esters of the carboxyl group. Examples of the metal atom include a sodium atom, etc.
- R 3 is Represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the modified PVA modified with at least one modifying group selected from a sulfonic acid group, a pyrrolidone ring group, an amino group, and a carboxyl group has a modifying group content of, for example, 0.1 to 20 mol%. More specifically, the sulfonic acid group-modified amount of the sulfonic acid group-modified PVA is preferably 0.1 to 6 mol%, more preferably 1 to 5 mol%, from the viewpoint of improving chemical resistance and water solubility. is there.
- the amount of modification means the ratio of the number of moles of the modifying group to the total number of moles of the constituent units of the modified PVA.
- the degree of saponification of the PVA resin is preferably from 80 to 99.9 mol%, more preferably from 85 to 95 mol%. When the saponification degree is in such a range, it becomes easy to secure the water solubility required for the PVA-based film.
- the PVA resin is preferably adjusted so that the saponification degree of the entire PVA resin contained in the PVA-based film falls within these ranges. Further, the preferable range of the saponification degree of the PVA resin differs depending on the presence or absence of modification and the type of the modifying group.
- the amount of unmodified PVA is preferably 80 to 99.9 mol% as described above, but from the viewpoint of further improving the water solubility, 80 to 95 mol% is more preferable, and 85 to 92 mol% is still more preferable.
- the saponification degree of a modified PVA such as a sulfonic acid group-modified PVA is preferably 80 to 99.9 mol% as described above, but from the viewpoint of improving the chemical resistance and the water solubility in a well-balanced manner, It is more preferably from 85 to 99 mol%, further preferably from 90 to 98 mol%.
- the saponification degree of each of them falls within these ranges.
- the saponification degree is measured according to JIS K6726.
- the saponification degree indicates the ratio of units actually saponified into vinyl alcohol units among units converted into vinyl alcohol units by saponification.
- the method for adjusting the saponification degree is not particularly limited.
- the saponification degree can be appropriately adjusted by saponification conditions, that is, hydrolysis conditions.
- the degree of polymerization of the PVA resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably 400 or more, more preferably 700 or more, and further preferably 900 or more. Further, it is preferably 2000 or less, more preferably 1800 or less, and further preferably 1500 or less.
- the PVA resin contains unmodified PVA and modified PVA, it is preferable that at least one of them is in the above-mentioned range of polymerization degree, and it is more preferable that both of them are in the above-mentioned range of polymerization degree.
- the viscosity of the PVA aqueous solution can be made appropriate when forming the polyvinyl alcohol-based film, and the water solubility and moldability of the polyvinyl alcohol-based film can be improved. To be good.
- the said polymerization degree is measured based on JISK6726.
- the degree of polymerization of the unmodified PVA is preferably 1800 or less, more preferably 1500 or less.
- the degree of polymerization of the modified PVA is preferably 1800 or less, more preferably 1500 or less, and further preferably 1300 or less.
- the degree of polymerization of the unmodified PVA and the degree of polymerization of the modified PVA are preferably 400 or more.
- the PVA resin has a 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity of preferably 10.5 mPa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 12.0 mPa ⁇ s or more. Further, the viscosity is preferably 25 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 20 mPa ⁇ s or less, and still more preferably 15 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the PVA resin is preferably adjusted so that the viscosity of the 4% by mass aqueous solution of the entire PVA resin contained in the PVA-based film falls within these ranges. By setting the viscosity of the PVA resin in such a range, the strength of the PVA-based film can be easily improved.
- such a viscosity can be measured at 20 ° C. according to JIS K 6726.
- the PVA resin contains unmodified PVA and modified PVA, it is preferable that at least one of them has the above viscosity range, and it is more preferable that both of them have the above viscosity range.
- the PVA-based film is mainly composed of PVA resin.
- the content of the PVA resin is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 75% by mass or more, and further preferably 80% by mass or more based on the total amount of the PVA-based film.
- the content of the PVA resin is preferably 97% by mass or less, more preferably 95% by mass or less, and further preferably 93% by mass or less.
- the content of the PVA resin is at least the lower limit, the PVA-based film tends to have good water solubility.
- an additive such as a plasticizer described below can be appropriately compounded in the PVA-based film.
- the PVA-based film of the present invention preferably further contains a plasticizer.
- a plasticizer By containing a plasticizer, the PVA-based film can have, for example, a lower glass transition point and improved durability at low temperatures. In addition, the water solubility of the PVA-based film can be improved.
- the plasticizer is not particularly limited and includes, for example, polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, diglycerin, diethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and propylene glycol; and polyethers such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol.
- phenol derivatives such as bisphenol A and bisphenol S, amide compounds such as N-methylpyrrolidone, compounds in which ethylene oxide is added to polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, pentaerythritol and sorbitol, and water.
- polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, pentaerythritol and sorbitol, and water.
- these may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but it is preferable to use two or more.
- the above-mentioned plasticizer is used.
- polyhydric alcohols are preferable, and it is more preferable to use at least one or more plasticizers selected from the group consisting of glycerin, diglycerin, and trimethylolpropane.
- plasticizers selected from the group consisting of glycerin, diglycerin, and trimethylolpropane.
- diglycerin it is particularly preferable to use diglycerin as the plasticizer from the viewpoint of making the moldability of the PVA-based film of the present invention extremely excellent.
- the molecular weight of the plasticizer is preferably 90 or more, more preferably 92 or more, preferably 1200 or less, more preferably 1000 or less.
- the content of the plasticizer is preferably 5 to 25% by mass based on the total amount of the polyvinyl alcohol-based film. By setting the content of the plasticizer to 5% by mass or more, it is easy to obtain the effect of blending the plasticizer. When the content is 25% by mass or less, the bleed out of the plasticizer is reduced, and the blocking resistance is improved.
- the content of the plasticizer is more preferably 7% by mass or more, and further preferably 10% by mass or more. Further, the content is more preferably 22% by mass or less, and further preferably 17% by mass or less.
- the PVA-based film of the present invention may further contain, if necessary, additives usually used in PVA-based films, such as inorganic particles, coloring agents, fragrances, defoamers, release agents, and ultraviolet absorbers. Good.
- the thickness of the PVA-based film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5 to 150 ⁇ m.
- the thickness is equal to or more than the lower limit, the strength of the film can be increased.
- the content is not more than the above upper limit, the packaging property and the heat sealing property as a packaging film are improved, and the productivity is improved.
- the thickness of the PVA-based film is preferably 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more. Further, it is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 90 ⁇ m or less.
- the PVA-based film of the present invention is used for packaging various substances.
- a PVA-based film for containing various chemicals such as agricultural chemicals, industrial chemicals, dyes, detergents, fertilizers, cosmetics, sanitary products, and pharmaceuticals. It is preferably used.
- the method for producing the PVA-based film of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- PVA and an aqueous PVA solution obtained by diluting an additive such as a plasticizer, if necessary, with water may be used as a support member.
- a method of casting, drying, and forming a film may be used.
- the PVA aqueous solution may be cast after appropriately passing through a filter.
- the method of casting the PVA aqueous solution on the support member includes a casting method, a roll coating method, a lip coating method, a spin coating method, a screen coating method, a fountain coating method, a dipping method, a spray method, and the like.
- the PVA aqueous solution is diluted with water at a concentration of preferably 35% by mass or less, more preferably 25% by mass or less, and still more preferably 20% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the aqueous solution.
- the components other than water are preferably diluted with water at a concentration of preferably 8% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and still more preferably 12% by mass or more.
- concentration is within the above range, the viscosity of the PVA aqueous solution becomes appropriate and the casting of the PVA aqueous solution becomes easy.
- concentration is equal to or higher than the lower limit, the drying time is shortened, and a PVA-based film of good quality is easily obtained.
- the supporting member may be any member that can maintain the PVA aqueous solution on the surface and support the obtained PVA film when the PVA aqueous solution is cast.
- the material of the support member include polyolefin, polyester, and acrylic resin, but a support member made of a material other than these may be used. Further, the support member may be in the form of a sheet or a film, but may be in another shape. Drying after casting the PVA aqueous solution may be performed by any method, and examples thereof include a method of natural drying and a method of heating and drying at a temperature equal to or lower than the glass transition temperature of the PVA resin.
- the PVA-based film obtained by casting the PVA aqueous solution on the support member has a width (TD) perpendicular to the direction in which the PVA aqueous solution is cast on the support member (casting direction: MD). Direction.
- the PVA-based film of the present invention there is a method of melting and molding a PVA composition containing a PVA resin, additives such as a plasticizer and the like, and water, if necessary.
- a method of melt molding a known molding method such as extrusion molding, inflation molding, and blow molding can be used. Among them, extrusion molding is preferable.
- extrusion molding a thin PVA-based film can be obtained by melting the PVA composition with an extruder and extruding the thin film with a mold.
- the PVA-based film of the present invention can be used as a drug packaging film for packaging various drugs.
- the drug include, but are not particularly limited to, agricultural chemicals, industrial chemicals, dyes, detergents, fertilizers, cosmetics, sanitary products, pharmaceuticals, and the like. Of these, detergents are preferred.
- the detergent is preferably a liquid, particularly preferably used for packaging liquid detergents.
- the liquid detergent means a detergent which becomes liquid at normal temperature (25 ° C.) and normal pressure (1 atm).
- a package can be provided using a film for packaging medicine. Specifically, the package includes a medicine packaging film and a medicine contained in the medicine packaging film.
- the drug is appropriately selected from those listed above, and is preferably a liquid detergent.
- a package is produced using the drug packaging film, it is preferable to process the drug packaging film into a bag shape in order to include the drug.
- the following method is preferably applied.
- a part of the medicine packaging film is formed into a concave shape.
- a known molding method can be applied, but vacuum molding is preferably applied.
- another drug packaging film is overlapped from the top so as to cover the concave portion, and the periphery may be adhered.
- the means for bonding is not particularly limited, and heat sealing, an adhesive, or the like may be used, or bonding may be performed by applying water.
- a single medicine packaging film may be folded and adhered to the periphery to form a bag.
- a method for manufacturing a medicine package including the following film forming step, molding step, medicine charging step, and bonding step.
- the film forming step is a step of forming a polyvinyl alcohol-based film.
- the forming step is a step of forming a part of the polyvinyl alcohol-based film into a concave shape by vacuum forming.
- the above-mentioned medicine introducing step is a step of introducing a medicine into a concave portion of a polyvinyl alcohol-based film formed in a concave shape.
- the above-mentioned bonding step is a step in which another part of the same polyvinyl alcohol-based film or another polyvinyl alcohol-based film is overlapped and bonded on the upper part of the concave portion formed in a part of the polyvinyl alcohol-based film. In this way, a medicine package including the polyvinyl alcohol-based film and the medicine contained in the polyvinyl alcohol-based film is obtained.
- the method described in the above-mentioned method for producing a polyvinyl alcohol-based film can be used without limitation, for example, coating molding, extrusion molding, and the like, such as a method of casting a support member and drying to form a film. Inflation molding, blow molding and the like can be applied.
- extrusion molding a thin PVA film can be obtained by melting a PVA composition with an extruder and extruding the PVA composition into a thin film using a mold.
- the depth of the recess formed in the molding step is, for example, 1 to 50 (mm), preferably 3 to 30 (mm), and more preferably 6 to 20 (mm).
- the polyvinyl alcohol-based film tends to exhibit high vacuum moldability.
- the kind of the medicine to be introduced in the medicine introduction step is not particularly limited, and the above-mentioned kinds can be used.
- the shape of the medicine is not particularly limited, and may be liquid or powder. It may be a tablet.
- the bonding step another part of the same polyvinyl alcohol-based film or another polyvinyl alcohol-based film is overlapped and bonded on the upper part of the concave part formed in a part of the polyvinyl alcohol-based film.
- the medicine is sealed in the concave portion.
- the other part of the same polyvinyl alcohol-based film means a part other than the concave part of the polyvinyl alcohol-based film in which the concave part is formed. For example, the part other than the concave part is folded and bonded. do it.
- another polyvinyl alcohol-based film means a polyvinyl alcohol-based film different from the polyvinyl alcohol-based film in which the concave portion is formed, and a separately prepared polyvinyl alcohol-based film is stacked on the upper portion of the concave portion. What is necessary is just to bond together.
- the bonding is preferably performed around the concave portion.
- the bonding means is not particularly limited, and heat sealing, an adhesive, or the like may be used, or the bonding may be performed by applying water.
- the measuring method and evaluation method of each physical property are as follows.
- a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device (“DVA-200” manufactured by IT Measurement Control Co., Ltd.)
- the film was continuously heated at a measuring frequency of 1 Hz from 20 to 200 ° C. at a temperature increasing rate of 3 ° C./min.
- the storage modulus and the loss modulus were measured.
- the measurement was performed in a tensile mode.
- a tan ⁇ of 30 ° C. in the width direction of the film in an air atmosphere at a relative humidity of 50% RH and a storage elastic modulus of 140 ° C. in the width direction of the film in a dry atmosphere were measured.
- Dissolution time is 100 seconds or less 2. Dissolution time is more than 100 seconds, 500 seconds or less Dissolution time> 500 seconds
- PVA (1) sulfonic acid group-modified PVA, polymerization degree 1200, saponification degree 95.4 mol%, sulfonic acid group modification amount 4 mol%, 4% by mass aqueous viscosity (20 ° C.) 12.1 mPa ⁇ s
- PVA (2) sulfonic acid group-modified PVA, degree of polymerization 1700, degree of saponification 96.1 mol%, sulfonic acid group-modified amount 4 mol%, 4% by mass aqueous solution viscosity (20 ° C.) 22.5 mPa ⁇ s
- PVA (4) unmodified PVA, degree of polymerization 2000, degree of saponification 88.0%
- Example 1 As shown in Table 1, the PVA (1) was 27% by mass, the PVA (3) was 57.5% by mass, the GL was 13% by mass, and the TMP was 2.5% by mass based on the total amount of the PVA-based film. These were dissolved and dispersed in water to prepare a 15% by mass aqueous PVA solution. The obtained PVA aqueous solution was passed through a filter having a mesh size of 20 ⁇ m, and then applied onto a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (thickness: 50 ⁇ m) as a support member by a lip coater method. Thereafter, drying was performed at 70 ° C. for 10 minutes, and then at 110 ° C.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Example 1 (Examples 2 to 8, Comparative Examples 1 to 5) It carried out like Example 1 except having changed the composition of PVA aqueous solution as shown in Table 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the PVA-based films of the examples in which the tan ⁇ at 30 ° C. and the storage elastic modulus at 140 ° C. were in specific ranges had good vacuum moldability.
- the PVA-based films of Comparative Examples in which at least one of tan ⁇ at 30 ° C. and storage elastic modulus at 140 ° C. were not in the specific ranges did not have good vacuum moldability.
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Abstract
Description
すなわち、本発明は、以下の[1]~[12]を提供するものである。
[1]ポリビニルアルコール樹脂を含有するポリビニルアルコール系フィルムであって、相対湿度50%RHの空気雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の30℃でのtanδが0.20以下であり、乾燥雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の140℃での貯蔵弾性率が11.2×106~20×106Paである、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
[2]前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂の4質量%水溶液粘度が10.5~25mPa・sである、上記[1]に記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
[3]前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂のケン化度が85~95モル%である、上記[1]又は[2]に記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
[4]更に可塑剤を含有する、上記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
[5]前記可塑剤の含有量が、5~25質量%である、上記[4]に記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
[6]前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂が、変性ポリビニルアルコールと、未変性ポリビニルアルコールとを含有する、上記[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
[7]前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂が、スルホン酸基変性ポリビニルアルコールを含有する、上記[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
[8]前記スルホン酸基変性ポリビニルアルコールの含有量が、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム全量基準で60質量%以下である、上記[7]に記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
[9]前記スルホン酸基変性ポリビニルアルコールの変性基含有量が0.1~6モル%である、上記[7]又は[8]に記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
[10]前記スルホン酸基変性ポリビニルアルコールのケン化度が80~99.9モル%である、上記[7]~[9]のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
[11]上記[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルムと、該ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムに内包された薬剤とを備える薬剤包装体。
[12]上記[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルムを成膜する成膜工程、前記ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの一部を真空成形により凹状に成形する成形工程、凹状に成形されたポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの凹部に薬剤を投入する薬剤投入工程、及び、前記ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの一部に形成されている凹状部分の上部に、該同一のポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの他部又は別のポリビニルアルコール系フィルムを重ね合わせて接着する接着工程、を含む薬剤包装体の製造方法。
本発明のポリビニルアルコール樹脂を含有するポリビニルアルコール系フィルムは、相対湿度50%RHの空気雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の30℃でのtanδが0.20以下であり、乾燥雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の140℃の貯蔵弾性率が11.2×106~20×106Paである。
乾燥雰囲気下とは、水分率1000ppm以下の状態を意味する。また、フィルムの幅方向とは、フィルムの長手方向(MD:Machine Direction)に直交するフィルムの面内の方向(TD:Transverse Direction)を意味する。フィルムの幅方向は、通常、破断伸度が最も高くなる方向である。
本明細書において、「相対湿度50%RHの空気雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の30℃でのtanδ」を、「30℃でのtanδ」と称することもあることがあり、「乾燥雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の140℃での貯蔵弾性率」を、「140℃での貯蔵弾性率」と称することがある。また、「ポリビニルアルコール」のことを「PVA」と称することがある。
本発明のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム(PVA系フィルム)は、相対湿度50%RHの空気雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の30℃でのtanδが0.20以下である。30℃でのtanδが0.20を超えると、PVA系フィルムを真空成形した際に、形状が経時的に変形しやすくなり、成形性が悪化する傾向がある。tanδは、動的粘弾性測定で得られる損失弾性率及び貯蔵弾性率とから算出される値であり、損失弾性率を貯蔵弾性率により除することにより求められる。損失弾性率は、高分子の粘性の性質を反映しやすい物性値であることが知られており、損失弾性率が大きいほど、tanδが大きくなり、高分子が、その測定温度で、粘性の傾向が強いことを意味する。30℃でのtanδが0.20を超えると、粘性が高く残留応力により、成形されたPVA系フィルムの形状が経時的に変化しやすく、成形性が悪化しやすいものと考えられる。
PVA系フィルムの成形性をより良好にする観点から、tanδは0.19以下であることが好ましい。なお、tanδの下限は、特に限定されないが、実用上は0.01であることが好ましい。
動的粘弾性の測定は、動的粘弾性装置(アイティー計測制御株式会社製「DVA-200」)を用いて、引張モード、周波数1Hzの条件で行い、相対湿度50%RHの環境下での30℃のtanδを求めることができる。
本発明のPVA系フィルムの、乾燥雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の140℃での貯蔵弾性率は、11.2×106~20×106Paである。140℃での貯蔵弾性率が11.2×106未満であると、フィルムを真空成形した際に、塑性変形を起こして、張りのある形状を保持することができない場合がある。一方、140℃での貯蔵弾性率が20×106Paを超えると、フィルムが硬いため成形が困難になりやすい。
PVA系フィルムの真空成形は、好ましくは140℃よりも低い成形温度で、瞬時にフィルムを成形することから、短時間の挙動が重要となる。そのため、140℃での貯蔵弾性率が、成形温度での成形性の優劣に関係するものと考えられる。
本発明のPVA系フィルムの成形性をより良好とする観点から、140℃での貯蔵弾性率は、11.2×106~19.5×106Paであることが好ましく、13.0×106~19.5×106Paであることがより好ましく、13.5×106~19.5×106Paであることがさらに好ましく、13.5×106~18.0×106Paであることがさらにより好ましい。
貯蔵弾性率は、上記したtanδの測定と同様に動的粘弾性測定により求めることができる。
PVA系フィルムの30℃でのtanδ及び140℃での貯蔵弾性率は、PVA樹脂、必要に応じて配合される後述する可塑剤などのPVA系フィルムの組成、PVA系フィルム中のPVA樹脂の種類、重合度などを調整することにより、上記範囲に調節できる。
本発明のPVA系フィルムは、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂(PVA樹脂)を含有する。PVA樹脂は、従来公知の方法に従って、ビニルエステルを重合してポリマーを得た後、ポリマーをケン化、すなわち加水分解することにより得られる。ケン化には、一般に、アルカリ又は酸が用いられるが、アルカリを用いることが好ましい。PVA樹脂としては、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
なお、本明細書において、耐薬品性とは、薬剤を包装して保存した際に、フィルムの水溶性を低下させない特性を意味する。
PVA系フィルム全量基準で、変性PVAの含有量は、好ましくは10質量%以上、より好ましくは20質量%以上であり、そして、好ましくは60質量%以下、より好ましくは55質量%以下である。
また、未変性PVAと変性PVAとを併用する場合は、変性PVAに対する未変性PVAの質量比(未変性PVA/変性PVA)は、0.3~3であることが好ましく、0.5~2.5であることがより好ましい。
未変性PVAと変性PVAとを併用し、かつ上記のとおり含有量を調節することで、30℃でのtanδ、及び140℃での貯蔵弾性率を所望の範囲に調整しやすくなり、成形性に優れ、かつ耐薬品性も良好なPVA系フィルムを得ることができる。
他の不飽和モノマーとしては、ビニルエステル以外のモノマーであって、ビニル基などの炭素-炭素二重結合を有するモノマーが挙げられ、例えば、オレフィン類、(メタ)アクリル酸及びその塩、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類、(メタ)アクリル酸以外の不飽和酸類、その塩及びエステル、(メタ)アクリルアミド類、N-ビニルアミド類、ビニルエーテル類、ニトリル類、ハロゲン化ビニル類、アリル化合物、ビニルシリル化合物、酢酸イソプロペニル、スルホン酸基含有化合物、アミノ基含有化合物等が挙げられる。
(メタ)アクリル酸以外の不飽和酸類、その塩及びエステルとしては、マレイン酸及びその塩、マレイン酸エステル、イタコン酸及びその塩、イタコン酸エステル、メチレンマロン酸及びその塩、メチレンマロン酸エステルなどが挙げられる。
(メタ)アクリルアミド類としては、アクリルアミド、n-メチルアクリルアミド、N-エチルアクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチルアクリルアミド等が挙げられる。N-ビニルアミド類としては、N-ビニルピロリドン等が挙げられる。ビニルエーテル類としては、メチルビニルエーテル、エチルビニルエーテル、n-プロピルビニルエーテル、i-プロピルビニルエーテル及びn-ブチルビニルエーテル等が挙げられる。
スルホン酸基含有化合物としては、(メタ)アクリルアミドプロパンスルホン酸などの(メタ)アクリルアミドアルカンスルホン酸及びその塩、エチレンスルホン酸、アリルスルホン酸、メタアリルスルホン酸等のオレフィンスルホン酸あるいはその塩などが挙げられる。
アミノ基含有化合物としては、アリルアミン、ポリオキシエチレンアリルアミン、ポリオキシプロピレンアリルアミン、ポリオキシエチレンビニルアミン、ポリオキシプロピレンビニルアミン等が挙げられる。
スルホン酸基変性PVAの量を上記のとおり調整することにより、30℃でのtanδ及び140℃での貯蔵弾性率を所望の範囲としやすくなる。
また、上記スルホン酸基は、スルホン酸塩からなるものであることが好ましく、特にスルホン酸ナトリウム基であることが好ましい。上記変性PVAが、スルホン酸ナトリウム変性PVAである場合、スルホン酸ナトリウム変性PVAとしては、下記式(1)で表される構成単位を有することが好ましい。
(上記式(3)中、R2は単結合又は炭素数1~10のアルキレン基を表す。)
(上記式(4-1)、(4-2)及び(4-3)中、X1、X2、X3、X4及びX5は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、金属原子又はメチル基を表す。すなわち、本明細書におけるカルボキシル基には、カルボキシル基の塩及びメチルエステルも含まれる。金属原子として、例えば、ナトリウム原子等が挙げられる。上記式(4-2)中、R3は炭素数1~10のアルキレン基を表す。)
より具体的には、スルホン酸基変性PVAのスルホン酸基変性量は、耐薬品性及び水溶性を向上させる観点から、好ましくは0.1~6モル%、より好ましくは1~5モル%である。
なお、変性量は、変性PVAの構成単位の全モル数に対する、変性基のモル数の比率を意味する。
また、PVA樹脂のケン化度の好適な範囲は、変性の有無、変性基の種類によっても異なる。例えば未変性PVAは、上記したように80~99.9モル%が好ましいが、水溶性をより向上させる観点からは、80~95モル%がより好ましく、85~92モル%がさらに好ましい。一方で、例えば、スルホン酸基変性PVAなどの変性PVAのケン化度は、上記したように80~99.9モル%が好ましいが、耐薬品性及び水溶性をバランスよく向上させる観点からは、85~99モル%がより好ましく、90~98モル%がさらに好ましい。PVA樹脂が、未変性PVAと変性PVAとを含有する場合には、それぞれのケン化度がこれらの範囲となることが好ましい。
上記ケン化度は、JIS K6726に準拠して測定される。ケン化度は、ケン化によるビニルアルコール単位に変換される単位のうち、実際にビニルアルコール単位にケン化されている単位の割合を示す。
なお、ケン化度の調整方法は特に限定されない。ケン化度は、ケン化条件、すなわち加水分解条件により適宜調整可能である。
上記重合度を上記下限値以上及び上限値以下とすると、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムを製膜する際にPVA水溶液の粘度を適度なものとすることができるとともに、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの水溶性及び成形性を良好にしやすくなる。なお、上記重合度は、JIS K6726に準拠して測定される。
PVA樹脂が、未変性PVA及び変性PVAを含有する場合は、耐薬品性を向上させる観点から、それぞれの重合度を上記した範囲に調整することが好ましい。
なお、このような粘度は、20℃において、JIS K 6726に準じて測定することができる。
PVA樹脂が、未変性PVA及び変性PVAを含有する場合は、少なくとも一方を上記粘度の範囲とすることが好ましく、両方を上記粘度の範囲とすることがより好ましい。
本発明のPVA系フィルムは、さらに可塑剤を含有することが好ましい。可塑剤を含有することで、PVA系フィルムは、例えば、ガラス転移点が下がり、低温での耐久性を向上させることができる。また、PVA系フィルムの水溶性を向上させることもできる。
可塑剤としては、特に制限はなく、例えば、グリセリン、ジグリセリン、ジエチレングリコール、トリメチロールプロパン、トリエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコール等の多価アルコール類、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール等のポリエーテル類、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールS等のフェノール誘導体、N-メチルピロリドン等のアミド化合物、グリセリン、ペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール等の多価アルコールにエチレンオキサイドを付加した化合物や水等を挙げることができる。これらは単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を用いてもよいが、2種以上を用いることが好ましい。
本発明のPVA系フィルムの30℃でのtanδ及び140℃での貯蔵弾性率を所望の範囲に調整し、成形性を優れたものとする観点及び水溶性を良好とする観点から、上記可塑剤の中でも、多価アルコール類が好ましく、グリセリン、ジグリセリン、及びトリメチロールプロパンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種以上の可塑剤を用いることがより好ましい。中でも、本発明のPVA系フィルムの成形性を極めて優れたものとする観点から、可塑剤としては、ジグリセリンを用いることが特に好ましい。
本発明のPVA系フィルムは、さらに必要に応じて、無機粒子、着色剤、香料、消泡剤、剥離剤、紫外線吸収剤等、PVA系フィルムに通常使用される添加剤を適宜含有してもよい。
本発明のPVA系フィルムの製造方法としては、特に制限されないが、例えば、PVA、及び必要に応じて添加される可塑剤などの添加剤を水で希釈して得たPVA水溶液を、支持部材に流延し、乾燥して製膜する方法等が挙げられる。また、PVA水溶液は、適宜フィルターを通した後、流延してもよい。
支持部材にPVA水溶液を流延する方法は、キャスト法、ロールコーティング法、リップコーティング法、スピンコーティング法、スクリーンコーティング法、ファウンテンコーティング法、ディッピング法、スプレー法などが挙げられる。
濃度を上記範囲内とすると、PVA水溶液の粘度が適度なものとなり、PVA水溶液の流延が容易になる。また、濃度を下限値以上とすることで乾燥時間が短くなり、良好な品質のPVA系フィルムを得やすくなる。
上記PVA水溶液を流延した後の乾燥は、いかなる方法で行ってもよいが、例えば、自然乾燥する方法、PVA樹脂のガラス転移温度以下の温度で加熱乾燥する方法等が挙げられる。
なお、支持部材にPVA水溶液を流延する方法により得られるPVA系フィルムは、支持部材に対してPVA水溶液を流延する方向(流延方向:MD)に垂直な方向(TD)がフィルムの幅方向となる。
溶融成形の方法としては、押出成形、インフレーション成形、ブロー成形など公知の成形法を用いることができる。中でも、押出成形が好ましい。
押出成形の場合は、押出機でPVA組成物を溶融した後、金型により薄膜状に押出すことにより、薄膜状のPVA系フィルムを得ることができる。
本発明のPVA系フィルムは、各種薬剤を包装するための薬剤包装用フィルムとして使用することができる。薬剤としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、農薬、工業薬品、染料、洗剤、肥料、化粧品、生理用品、医薬品等が挙げられる。これらの中では洗剤が好ましい。洗剤は液体であることが好ましく、特に液体洗剤を包装するために使用されることが好ましい。なお、液体洗剤とは、常温(25℃)及び常圧(1気圧)で液体となる洗剤を意味する。
また、薬剤包装用フィルム使用して、包装体を提供することができる。包装体としては、具体的には、薬剤包装用フィルムと、薬剤包装用フィルムに内包された薬剤とを備える。薬剤は、上記列挙されたものから適宜選択され、好ましくは液体洗剤である。
薬剤包装用フィルムを用いて包装体を作製する際には、薬剤を内包させるために、薬剤包装用フィルムを袋状に加工することが好ましい。薬剤包装用フィルムを袋状に加工し、薬剤を内包させる際には、例えば、以下の方法を適用することが好ましい。
まず、薬剤包装用フィルムの一部を凹状に成形する。凹状に成形する際には、公知の成形方法が適用できるが、真空成形を適用することが好ましい。そして、一部が凹状に成形された薬剤包装用フィルムの凹部に薬剤を投入した後、該凹部に蓋をするように、上部から別の薬剤包装用フィルムを重ね合わせ、周囲を接着すればよい。接着する手段は特に限定されず、ヒートシール、接着剤などを利用してもよいし、水を塗布することにより接着させてもよい。あるいは、一枚の薬剤包装用フィルムを折り畳んで周囲を接着して袋としてもよい。
上記成膜工程は、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムを成膜する工程である。
上記成形工程は、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの一部を真空成形により凹状に成形する工程である。
上記薬剤投入工程は、凹状に成形されたポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの凹部に薬剤を投入する工程である。
上記接着工程は、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの一部に形成されている凹状部分の上部に、該同一のポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの他部又は別のポリビニルアルコール系フィルムを重ね合わせて接着する工程である。
このようにして、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムと、該ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムに内包された薬剤とを備える薬剤包装体が得られる。
上記成形工程において形成される凹部の深さは例えば1~50(mm)、好ましくは3~30(mm)、より好ましくは6~20(mm)である。凹部の深さが上記範囲内であると、上記ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの高い真空成形性を発揮しやすい。
上記薬剤投入工程において投入する薬剤の種類は、特に制限されず上記例示した種類のものを用いることができ、薬剤の形状も特に限定されず、液状であっても粉体であってもよく、錠剤であってもよい。
接着は、凹状部分の周囲に対して行うことが好ましい。また接着手段は、特に限定されず、ヒートシール、接着剤などを利用してもよいし、水を塗布することにより接着させてもよい。
[動的粘弾性測定]
動的粘弾性測定装置(アイティー計測制御株式会社製「DVA-200」)を用いて、測定周波数1Hzで20~200℃まで昇温速度3℃/minでフィルムを昇温しながら、連続的に貯蔵弾性率、損失弾性率を測定した。測定は、引張りモードで行った。これにより、相対湿度50%RHの空気雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の30℃のtanδ、乾燥雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の140℃の貯蔵弾性率を測定した。
[真空成形性の評価]
得られたPVA系フィルムを、EME engel社製のLab scale pouching unitを用い下記の手順にて包装体を作製した。
上記装置の金型(縦40mm、横35mm、高さ13mm)の上に,PVA系フィルム(ボトムフィルム)を固定し、装置の上部にもPVA系フィルム(トップフィルム)を固定した。ボトムフィルムを10秒間、100℃の熱風を発生させるドライヤーで加熱し、ボトムフィルムを金型に一致する凹状に真空成形した。
その後、液体洗剤(ユニリーバー社製、商品名「Persil Non-Bio」、水分量9質量%)90gに水5.2gを加えて得た混合液体洗剤(水分量14質量%)を成形されたPVA系フィルムに15ml投入した。トップフィルムに水を1.5g塗布し、トップフィルムとボトムフィルムとを圧着した。30秒圧着した後に真空を解放し、包装体を得た。下記の基準により真空成形性を評価した。
(評価)
1.設計どおりの形状を有していた。
2.設計どおりの形状から若干外れていたが、ほぼ設計どおりの形状であった。
3.設計どおりの形状から外れていた。
4.設計どおりの形状から大きくはずれていた。
得られたPVA系フィルムを23℃、50%RHの環境下に24時間暴露した後、PVA系フィルムを4cm(TD方向)×5cm(MD方向)にカットした。次に、50ml用スクリュー管瓶にカットしたフィルムと、液体洗剤(ユニリーバー社製、商品名「Persil Non-Bio」、水分量9質量%)90gに水5.2gを加えて得た混合液体洗剤(水分量14質量%)35mlとを加え、55℃で7日間浸漬放置した。
その後、フィルムを取り出し、表面に付着した混合液体洗剤をキムタオルで拭き取り、耐薬品性評価用フィルムとして3cm×3cmのサイズにカットして秤量後、治具に固定した。そして、500mlビーカーに水500mlを入れてマグネットスターラーにより400mlの印に渦巻の下が到達するように撹拌しながら、水温を23℃に保ちつつ、治具からフィルムの残査が視認できなくなった時間を溶解時間として測定した。
(評価)
1.溶解時間が100秒以下
2.溶解時間が100秒超、500秒以下
3.溶解時間が500秒超
PVA(1):スルホン酸基変性PVA、重合度1200、ケン化度95.4モル%、スルホン酸基変性量4モル%、4質量%水溶液粘度(20℃)12.1mPa・s
PVA(2):スルホン酸基変性PVA、重合度1700、ケン化度96.1モル%、スルホン酸基変性量4モル%、4質量%水溶液粘度(20℃)22.5mPa・s
PVA(3):未変性PVA、重合度1300、ケン化度88.0%、4質量%水溶液粘度(20℃)14mPa・s
PVA(4):未変性PVA、重合度2000、ケン化度88.0%、4質量%水溶液粘度(20℃)32mPa・s
GL:グリセリン、試薬、和光純薬株式会社製、分子量92
TMP:トリメチロールプロパン:試薬、和光純薬株式会社製、分子量134
DGL:ジグリセリン:試薬、和光純薬株式会社製、分子量166
表1に示すように、PVA系フィルム全量基準で、PVA(1)を27質量%、PVA(3)を57.5質量%、GLを13質量%、TMPを2.5質量%となるように、これらを水で溶解、分散させて濃度15質量%のPVA水溶液を調整した。
得られたPVA水溶液を、目開き20μmのフィルターを通過させた後、支持部材であるポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム(厚さ50μm)上にリップコーター法により塗布した。その後、70℃で10分間、次いで、110℃で10分間乾燥して、支持部材上にPVA系フィルム(厚さ50μm)を製膜した。支持部材とPVA系フィルムからなる積層体は、内径3インチの紙芯に巻き取った。各種評価は、支持部材を剥離した後に行った。結果を表1に示した。
PVA水溶液の配合を表1に示すとおりに変更した点を除いて、実施例1と同様に実施した。結果を表1に示した。
Claims (12)
- ポリビニルアルコール樹脂を含有するポリビニルアルコール系フィルムであって、相対湿度50%RHの空気雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の30℃でのtanδが0.20以下であり、乾燥雰囲気下におけるフィルムの幅方向の140℃での貯蔵弾性率が11.2×106~20×106Paである、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂の4質量%水溶液粘度が10.5~25mPa・sである、請求項1に記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂のケン化度が85~95モル%である、請求項1又は2に記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
- 更に可塑剤を含有する、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
- 前記可塑剤の含有量が、5~25質量%である、請求項4に記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂が、変性ポリビニルアルコールと、未変性ポリビニルアルコールとを含有する、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂が、スルホン酸基変性ポリビニルアルコールを含有する、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
- 前記スルホン酸基変性ポリビニルアルコールの含有量が、ポリビニルアルコール系フィルム全量基準で、60質量%以下である、請求項7に記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
- 前記スルホン酸基変性ポリビニルアルコールの変性基含有量が0.1~6モル%である、請求項7又は8に記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
- 前記スルホン酸基変性ポリビニルアルコールのケン化度が80~99.9モル%である、請求項7~9のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルム。
- 請求項1~10のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルムと、該ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムに内包された薬剤とを備える薬剤包装体。
- 請求項1~10のいずれかに記載のポリビニルアルコール系フィルムを成膜する成膜工程、
前記ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの一部を真空成形により凹状に成形する成形工程、
凹状に成形されたポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの凹部に薬剤を投入する薬剤投入工程、及び、
前記ポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの一部に形成されている凹状部分の上部に、該同一のポリビニルアルコール系フィルムの他部又は別のポリビニルアルコール系フィルムを重ね合わせて接着する接着工程、
を含む薬剤包装体の製造方法。
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JP2021143297A (ja) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-09-24 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | ポリビニルアルコールフィルム、及びパッケージ材料 |
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JP7490026B2 (ja) | 2022-07-07 | 2024-05-24 | 長春石油化學股▲分▼有限公司 | ポリビニルアルコールフィルム及びこれから製造された光学フィルム |
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- 2019-07-24 CN CN201980048578.5A patent/CN112469771B/zh active Active
- 2019-07-24 JP JP2019554712A patent/JP7352469B2/ja active Active
- 2019-07-24 US US17/261,966 patent/US11840590B2/en active Active
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JP7490027B2 (ja) | 2022-07-07 | 2024-05-24 | 長春石油化學股▲分▼有限公司 | ポリビニルアルコールフィルム及びこれから製造された光学フィルム |
Also Published As
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CN112469771A (zh) | 2021-03-09 |
EP3828227A4 (en) | 2022-04-20 |
US20210292452A1 (en) | 2021-09-23 |
US20240084058A1 (en) | 2024-03-14 |
CN112469771B (zh) | 2023-07-07 |
US11840590B2 (en) | 2023-12-12 |
JPWO2020022396A1 (ja) | 2021-06-10 |
TWI821342B (zh) | 2023-11-11 |
JP7352469B2 (ja) | 2023-09-28 |
EP3828227A1 (en) | 2021-06-02 |
TW202012516A (zh) | 2020-04-01 |
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