WO2020012666A1 - 方向性電磁鋼板及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020012666A1 WO2020012666A1 PCT/JP2018/026619 JP2018026619W WO2020012666A1 WO 2020012666 A1 WO2020012666 A1 WO 2020012666A1 JP 2018026619 W JP2018026619 W JP 2018026619W WO 2020012666 A1 WO2020012666 A1 WO 2020012666A1
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- steel sheet
- sio
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- intermediate oxide
- oxide film
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet used as an iron core material of a transformer and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having excellent adhesion of a tension insulating film and a method of manufacturing the same.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is a silicon steel sheet containing 7% by mass or less of Si and composed of crystal grains highly oriented and integrated in the ⁇ 110 ⁇ ⁇ 001> direction (hereinafter, Goss direction). Used as a core material.
- the highly oriented accumulation of the Goss orientation in the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is realized by using a grain growth phenomenon called secondary recrystallization.
- Grain-oriented electrical steel sheets are required to have high magnetic flux density (represented by B8 value) and low iron loss (represented by W17 / 50 value) as magnetic properties. Therefore, a demand for reduction of power loss, that is, reduction of iron loss has been further increased.
- the magnetic domains change with the movement of the domain wall under an alternating magnetic field. Smooth movement of the domain wall is effective in reducing iron loss, but when observing the movement of the magnetic domain, there are some magnetic domains that do not move.
- Patent Literatures 1 to 21 disclose a method of controlling the dew point of decarburizing annealing and forming an oxide layer formed at the time of decarburizing annealing using an Fe-based oxide (Fe 2 SiO 4 , FeO, etc.). ) And using a material such as alumina that does not react with silica as an annealing separator to achieve a smooth surface after finish annealing.
- forming a phosphate-based insulating film on the glass film generated in the finish annealing step is a general method for producing a unidirectional silicon steel sheet.
- Patent Document 23 the technology disclosed in Patent Document 23 is a mirror-finished, or finish-annealed unidirectional silicon steel sheet prepared to a state close to the mirror surface, subjected to annealing in a specific atmosphere for each temperature, the steel sheet surface
- an external oxidation-type oxide film is formed on the substrate, and the adhesion between the tension insulating film and the steel sheet is secured by the oxide film.
- Patent Literature 25 further develops the technology disclosed in Patent Literature 8, and controls the film structure of a metal oxide film containing Al, Mn, Ti, Cr, and Si at the interface between the tension insulating film and the steel sheet. This is a method for improving the adhesion of the insulating film.
- the adhesion at the interface between the metal oxide layer and the steel sheet, where stress sensitivity is most problematic is not controlled, and the technique disclosed in Patent Document 25 is insufficient as a technique for improving the coating adhesion. is there.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a tensile insulating film formed on the surface of a steel sheet when the insulating film is formed on a glass film (forsterite-based film), the film adhesion of the insulating film is good, If the formation is intentionally suppressed, the glass film is removed by means of search or pickling, etc., and furthermore, the steel plate surface is flattened until it exhibits a specular gloss, forming a tension insulating film. Film adhesion is not sufficient, and it is difficult to achieve both film adhesion and magnetic stability.
- the present invention is intended to intentionally suppress the formation of a glass film, remove the glass film by means such as grinding or pickling, and further flatten the surface of the steel plate until it exhibits a specular gloss, finish annealed
- the objective is to form a tensile insulating film having excellent film adhesion on the surface of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet without impairing the magnetic properties and its stability.
- the aim is to provide a method.
- an oxide film (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as an “intermediate oxide film layer” or “SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer”) is formed on the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that has been subjected to finish annealing.
- an intermediate oxide film layer or “SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer”
- the present inventors diligently investigated the composition of the intermediate oxide film layer, which is considered to have the greatest influence on the film adhesion.
- the oxide of the intermediate oxide film layer is Si oxide (SiO 2 ), and if the element such as Mn is dissolved in the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer, the film adhesion is improved. I found it.
- the present invention has been made based on the above findings, and the gist is as follows.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is a base steel sheet and an intermediate steel sheet formed on the base steel sheet, containing SiO 2 and having an average thickness of 1.0 nm to 1.0 ⁇ m. An oxide film layer, and a tension insulating film formed on the intermediate oxide film layer.
- the base steel sheet has, as a chemical component, C: 0.010% or less, Si: 2.50 to 4.00%, acid-soluble Al: 0.010% or less, and N: 0.012% or less by mass%.
- Mn 1.00% or less
- S 0.020% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the above [1] may further contain B: 0.001 to 0.010% by mass%.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the above [1] or [2] further comprises, by mass%, Sn: 0.01 to 0.20%, Cr: 0.01 to 0.50%, Cu: One or two or more of the components may be contained in an amount of 0.01 to 0.50%.
- Tp Time t (second) corresponding to the minimum value of the second-order time derivative curve of the glow discharge emission analysis spectrum of Si
- Ts time t (second) corresponding to the starting point of glow discharge emission analysis of Si
- a method for producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to another aspect of the present invention is a method for producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to any one of the above-mentioned [1] to [4], An oxide film forming step of forming an intermediate oxide film layer on the surface of the steel sheet; In the oxide film forming step, annealing temperature T1: 600 to 1200 ° C., annealing time: 5 to 200 seconds, oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 : 0.15 or less, average heating rate in a temperature range of 100 ° C. to 600 ° C.
- Annealing is performed under the condition of 10 to 200 ° C., after the annealing, the average cooling rate CR1 in the temperature range of T2 ° C. to T1 ° C. is set to 50 ° C./sec or less, and the average cooling rate in the temperature range of 100 ° C. to T2 ° C.
- Speed CR2 is less than CR1.
- T2 ° C. represents a temperature represented by T1 ° C. ⁇ 100.
- the formation of the glass film is intentionally suppressed, or the glass film is removed by means such as grinding or pickling, and the surface of the steel sheet is flattened until it exhibits a mirror gloss, and has been subjected to finish annealing.
- a tension imparting insulating film having excellent film adhesion can be formed on the surface of the unidirectional silicon steel sheet without impairing the magnetic properties and its stability.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a reflection type infrared spectroscopic analysis spectrum of the surface of a SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “the present electrical steel sheet”) is formed on a base steel sheet and the base steel sheet, contains SiO 2 , and has an average thickness of 1.0 nm.
- An intermediate oxide film layer having a thickness of about 1.0 ⁇ m; and a tension insulating film formed on the intermediate oxide film layer.
- the base steel sheet has, as a chemical component, C: 0.010% or less, Si: 2.50 to 4.00%, acid-soluble Al: 0.01% or less, and N: 0.012% or less by mass%.
- Mn 1.00% or less
- S 0.02% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities.
- the base steel sheet further contains (a) B: 0.001 to 0.010% and / or (b) Sn: 0.01 to 0.20% and Cr: 0.01 to 0% by mass. .50%, and one or more of Cu: 0.01 to 0.50%.
- the time differential curve f M (t) of the glow discharge emission analysis spectrum of the element M (M: Mn, Al, B) on the surface of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer satisfies the following equation (2). May be.
- Tp Time t (second) corresponding to the minimum value of the second-order time derivative curve of the glow discharge emission analysis spectrum of Si
- Ts time t (second) corresponding to the starting point of glow discharge emission analysis of Si
- the method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present invention includes an oxide film forming step of forming an intermediate oxide film layer on a steel sheet surface.
- Annealing temperature T1 600 to 1200 ° C.
- annealing time 5 to 200 seconds
- oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 0.15 or less
- average heating rate HR in a temperature range of 100 ° C. to 600 ° C. HR: 1:10 to 200 ° C.
- the average cooling rate CR1 in the temperature range of T2 ° C. to T1 ° C.
- T2 ° C. represents a temperature represented by T1 ° C. ⁇ 100.
- C 0.010% or less
- C suppresses the formation of a concentrated layer of Al and other elements at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet. For this reason, C is set to 0.010% or less. From the viewpoint of improving iron loss characteristics, 0.008% or less is preferable.
- the lower limit includes 0%, but since the detection limit of C is about 0.0001%, 0.0001% is a practical lower limit on practical steel sheets.
- Si 2.50 to 4.00% If Si is less than 2.50%, secondary recrystallization does not sufficiently proceed, and good magnetic flux density and iron loss characteristics cannot be obtained. Therefore, Si is set to 2.50% or more. It is preferably at least 2.75%, more preferably at least 3.00%.
- Si exceeds 4.00%, the steel sheet becomes brittle, and the sheet passing property in the manufacturing process is significantly deteriorated. It is preferably at most 3.75%, more preferably at most 3.50%.
- Acid-soluble Al 0.010% or less Acid-soluble Al is contained in the slab composition at an upper limit of 0.07% from the viewpoint of the passability of cold rolling. In this sense, the upper limit of acid-soluble Al is 0.07%, but in practice, Al is discharged out of the steel sheet through secondary recrystallization annealing. As a result, the acid-soluble Al contained in the base steel sheet will be 0.010% or less. If the content is 0.07% or less, there is no problem in the sheet passing property. However, as the acid-soluble Al contained in the base steel sheet is small, the iron loss characteristics are good, and the content is preferably 0.006% or less. Although the lower limit includes 0%, similarly to C, since the detection limit is about 0.0001%, 0.0001% is a practical lower limit on practical steel plates.
- N 0.012% or less
- N are 0.012% or less.
- it is 0.010% or less, more preferably 0.009% or less.
- the lower limit includes 0%, since the detection limit of N is about 0.0001%, 0.0001% is a practical lower limit on practical steel sheets.
- Mn 1.00% or less If Mn exceeds 1.00%, the steel undergoes a phase transformation in secondary recrystallization annealing, secondary recrystallization does not sufficiently proceed, and good magnetic flux density and iron loss characteristics are obtained. Therefore, Mn is set to 1.00% or less. Preferably it is 0.50% or less, more preferably 0.20% or less.
- MnS can be used as an inhibitor during secondary recrystallization, but when AlN is used as an inhibitor, MnS is not essential, so the lower limit of Mn includes 0%.
- MnS is set to 0.02% or more. It is preferably at least 0.05%, more preferably at least 0.07%.
- S 0.020% or less
- S is set to 0.020% or less.
- the lower limit includes 0%, but since the detection limit of S is about 0.0001%, 0.0001% is a practical lower limit in practical steel sheets.
- the electrical steel sheet of the present invention contains (a) B: 0.001 to 0.010% and / or (b) Sn: 0.01 to 0. .20%, Cr: 0.01 to 0.50%, and Cu: 0.01 to 0.50%.
- B 0.001 to 0.010%
- B is an element which is concentrated at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet (confirmed by the present inventors by GDS) and contributes to the improvement of film adhesion. If it is less than 0.001%, the effect of improving the film adhesion cannot be sufficiently obtained, so B is made 0.001% or more. Preferably it is 0.002% or more, more preferably 0.003% or more.
- B is set to 0.010% or less. Preferably it is 0.008% or less, more preferably 0.006% or less.
- Sn 0.01 to 0.20%
- Sn is an element that does not concentrate at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet, but contributes to improving the film adhesion. Although the mechanism for improving the film adhesion of Sn is not clear, the results of an investigation of the smoothness of the steel sheet surface after the secondary recrystallization showed that the improvement of the smoothness was recognized. It is considered to contribute to the formation of an interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet, which is smoothed and has few irregularities.
- Sn is set to 0.01% or more.
- it is 0.02% or more, more preferably 0.03% or more.
- Sn is set to 0.20% or less.
- Sn is set to 0.20% or less.
- it is 0.15% or less, more preferably 0.10% or less.
- Cr 0.01 to 0.50% Cr, like B and Cu, is an element that is concentrated at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet and contributes to improving the film adhesion. If the content is less than 0.01%, the effect of improving the film adhesion cannot be sufficiently obtained, so the content of Cr is set to 0.01% or more. Preferably it is 0.03% or more, more preferably 0.05% or more.
- the content of Cr is set to 0.50% or less. Preferably it is 0.30% or less, more preferably 0.20% or less.
- Cu 0.01 to 0.50%
- Cu is an element that is concentrated at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet and contributes to improving the film adhesion. If the content is less than 0.01%, the effect of improving the film adhesion cannot be sufficiently obtained, so Cu is made 0.01% or more. Preferably it is 0.03% or more, more preferably 0.05% or more.
- Cu is set to 0.50% or less.
- it is 0.20% or less, more preferably 0.10% or less.
- the balance of the component composition of the base steel sheet is Fe and impurities (inevitable impurities). However, it is necessary to improve the magnetic properties, improve the properties required for structural members such as strength, corrosion resistance, and fatigue properties, as well as the castability and passability.
- Mo, W, In, Bi, Sb, Ag, Te, Ce, V, Co, Ni, Se, Ca, Re, Os, Nb, Zr, Hf , Ta, Y, La or the like, may be contained in a total of 5.00% or less, preferably 3.00% or less, more preferably 1.00% or less.
- an intermediate oxide film layer (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as an SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer) that plays an important role in improving the film adhesion will be described.
- the magnetic steel sheet of the present invention is manufactured by removing the glass film by means such as grinding or pickling, or by intentionally preventing the formation of the glass film.
- the interface tension insulating film and the steel sheet has a SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer of the desired thickness.
- Average thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer 1.0 nm or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less
- the average thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is set to 1.0 nm or more. It is preferably at least 5.0 nm, more preferably at least 9.0 nm.
- the average thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer 1. 0 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is measured by observing the cross section of the sample with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) or a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- SiO 2 the oxide constituting the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is “SiO 2 ” can be confirmed by elemental analysis by energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) accompanying TEM or SEM.
- EDS energy dispersion spectroscopy
- the abscissa axis detects a Si-K ⁇ ray at a position of energy 1.8 ⁇ 0.3 kev, and at the same time, a position of 0.5 ⁇ 0.3 kev.
- the presence of “SiO 2 ” can be confirmed.
- Element identification can be performed using L ⁇ rays or K ⁇ rays in addition to K ⁇ rays.
- the EDS spectrum of Si may include a spectrum derived from Si in the steel sheet, more precisely, the surface of the steel sheet is analyzed by an electronic microanalyzer (EPMA) to determine whether Si is derived from the steel sheet or not. It is determined whether it is derived from the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer.
- EPMA electronic microanalyzer
- the surface of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer were analyzed by reflection infrared spectroscopy, that the peak derived from SiO 2 is present in the wave number 1250 cm -1 ⁇ 20 cm -1, constituting the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer Can be confirmed to be “SiO 2 ”.
- the reflection type infrared spectroscopy is a method for selectively detecting the compound on the outermost surface of the sample
- the analysis is performed on (a) the sample without the tension insulating film, and (b) the steel plate
- the cleaning is performed after the tension insulating film is completely removed by alkali washing or the like.
- infrared spectroscopy includes a reflection method and an absorption method. Absorption method, since the information and the steel plate internal information of the sample top surface is superposed, to identify compounds that constitute the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer, the reflection method is preferable. In addition, in the absorption method, the wave number derived from the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer does not become 1250 (cm ⁇ 1 ), but peak-shifts according to the formation state of SiO 2 .
- I B / I A The ratio of 0.010 or more peak intensity of 1200 cm -1 to the peak intensity I A of the 1250 cm -1 I B: the I B / I A 0.010 or more.
- the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer By controlling the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer to 1.0 nm or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less, film adhesion of the tension insulating film can be ensured. However, if lattice defects exist at the interface between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the steel sheet. In some cases, film adhesion may decrease.
- Lattice defect in the interface is generated due to the difference in lattice constant and the steel plate of SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer, the Mn, by making a solid solution state in a SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer, the tension It is possible to further improve the film adhesion of the insulating film.
- the mechanism for improving the film adhesion is considered as follows.
- Mn is the in solid solution in the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer, SiO 2 SiO 2 lattice periodicity at the interface between the intermediate oxide layer and the steel sheet is changed, and the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer and the steel sheet The lattice matching at the interface of is improved. As a result, lattice defects due to lattice mismatch are reduced, and finally, the adhesion of the tension insulating film is improved.
- the solid solution state or the concentrated state of Mn, which contributes to the improvement of the film adhesion of the tension insulating film, in the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer can be analyzed by reflection infrared spectroscopy.
- the wave number 1250 cm -1 there are peaks of ordinary SiO 2 from further to 1200 cm -1 and 1150 cm -1, SiO 2 (hereinafter the lattice constant is changed "Si (Mn) O x ").).
- the abundance of the lattice constant is changed Si (Mn) O x is reflected to the peak intensity at a wavenumber of 1200 cm -1 or 1150 cm -1.
- the wave number on the horizontal axis of the reflection type infrared spectroscopic analysis may fluctuate within a range of ⁇ 20 cm ⁇ 1 depending on the measurement conditions, the fitting method, and the like.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a reflection type infrared spectroscopic analysis spectrum of the surface of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer.
- the spectrum shown in FIG. 1 is an example of deconvolution of the SiO 2 peak assuming a Gaussian distribution.
- the distribution function is one of Voigt, Gaussian, and Lorentz.
- the peak intensity may be defined by the peak height after subtracting the background by the analysis software, or may be defined by the integrated intensity of the peak.
- the peak intensity can be extracted by deconvolution of the peak by fitting.
- the present inventors have found that when met the peak intensity I A of SiO 2 from the wave number 1250 cm -1, the peak intensity I B from Si (Mn) O x wavenumber 1200 cm -1 is represented by the following formula (1), good It was found that excellent film adhesion was obtained. I B / I A ⁇ 0.010 ⁇ (1)
- I B / I A there is a limit to the amount of solid solution or thickening amount of Mn, considering this limit, the upper limit of I B / I A is about 10.
- I B / I A is a point to reliably ensure good film adhesion, preferably 0.010 1-5. More preferably, it is 0.010-1.
- the solid solution state of the element M can be analyzed by glow discharge emission spectroscopy (GDS). In that case, the relationship between the depth position of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the depth position of the element M is important.
- the depth position of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer can be analyzed from a GDS spectrum derived from Si (hereinafter, F Si (t)). This will be described below.
- the GDS spectrum may be subjected to a smoothing process using peak analysis software.
- the measurement time interval ⁇ t is preferably small, and is preferably 0.05 seconds or less.
- t represents a time (second) corresponding to the depth position of the sample.
- t is a variable when the GDS spectrum is a function of time.
- the time t corresponding to the peak rising position is Ts
- the time t corresponding to the peak apex is Tp
- the time t corresponding to the peak end position is Tf.
- the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer corresponds to the outermost surface of the measurement sample. That is, the GDS measurement start point may be defined as Ts, assuming that the t of the GDS spectrum measurement start point corresponds to the peak rising position.
- Tp corresponds to the peak apex position of the GDS spectrum derived from Si.
- F Si (t) is second-order differentiated with respect to time, and t t corresponding to the minimum value of the second-order differential curve (refer to “d 2 F (t) / dt 2 ” in FIG. 1).
- the n-th measurement point (time) is represented by t n
- the spectrum intensity at that time is represented by F (t n ).
- Elements M such as Mn, Al, and B can be detected by chemical analysis.
- the steel plate portion of the sample before the formation of the tensile insulating film or the sample from which the tensile insulating film has been removed is dissolved by the iodine methanol method to extract the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer.
- the extracted SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is chemically analyzed using ICP or the like. Thereby, the metal element M that has invaded the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer can be captured.
- the solid solution amount (or concentration amount) of the metal element M in the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer may be in mass%, Mn and Al may be 0.01% or more, and B may be 0.001% or more. Although there is no particular upper limit, it is difficult for Mn and Al to form a solid solution (concentration) exceeding 0.5%, and for B, it is difficult to form a solid solution (concentration) exceeding 0.2%.
- the steel sheet in the state after forming the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer on the steel sheet surface and before forming the tension insulating film Samples are most suitable, but for steel sheet samples with a tensile insulation film formed on the surface, after alkali cleaning, pickling, or ultrasonic cleaning with alcohol, water, etc., completely remove only the tension insulating film. What is necessary is just to remove and submit it for analysis.
- the surface of the steel sheet sample is further cleaned at 800 ° C. or higher and 1100 ° C. or lower for 1 hour or more in an atmosphere of 100% hydrogen for the purpose of further cleaning.
- Annealing for less than or equal to time may be performed for analysis. Since SiO 2 is a stable compound, SiO 2 is reduced by the above annealing, and the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer does not disappear.
- the magnetic steel sheet of the present invention is produced by hot rolling, hot rolling sheet annealing, cold rolling, primary recrystallization annealing, It is manufactured by performing crystal annealing, annealing for forming an SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer, and annealing for forming an insulating film.
- Hot rolling may be direct hot rolling or continuous hot rolling, and the billet heating temperature is not limited.
- the cold rolling may be cold rolling or warm rolling two or more times, and the rolling reduction is not limited.
- the secondary recrystallization annealing may be either batch annealing in a box furnace or continuous line annealing, and does not depend on the annealing method.
- the annealing separating agent may be any one containing an oxide such as alumina, magnesia, or silica, and does not depend on its type.
- the metal element M is SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer, such as Mn It is important to employ heat treatment conditions for solid solution or concentration. That is, it is important to select a temperature and a time at which the metal element M can be dissolved or concentrated in the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer.
- the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is formed by annealing the steel sheet after the secondary recrystallization at a temperature T1 (° C.) of 600 ° C. to 1200 ° C.
- the annealing temperature is set to 600 ° C. or higher.
- the annealing temperature exceeds 1200 ° C., the formation reaction of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer becomes non-uniform, the unevenness between the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and the base steel plate becomes severe, and the film adhesion deteriorates.
- the annealing temperature is set to 1200 ° C. or less.
- the temperature is 700 to 1100 ° C., which is the deposition temperature of SiO 2 .
- the annealing time is set to 5 seconds or more in order to grow the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer and secure a layer thickness necessary for ensuring excellent film adhesion. Preferably, it is at least 20 seconds.
- the annealing time may be long from the viewpoint of ensuring excellent film adhesion, but the upper limit is 200 seconds from the viewpoint of productivity. Preferably it is 100 seconds or less.
- the annealing atmosphere is an annealing atmosphere that generates external oxidation type silica (SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer) and avoids generation of lower oxides such as firelite, wustite, and magnetite. Therefore, the oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 , which is the ratio between the water vapor pressure and the hydrogen pressure in the annealing atmosphere, is set to the oxygen partial pressure satisfying the following expression (6). Preferably it is 0.05 or less. P H2O / P H2 ⁇ 0.15 (6)
- the oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 is low, the external oxidation type silica (SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer) is easy to produce, but easy to exhibit the effect of the present invention, the oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 5 Since it is difficult to control to less than 0.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 , industrially, about 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 is a practical lower limit.
- CR1 is preferably 0.1 ° C./sec or more from the viewpoint of productivity. If the cooling rate is increased after cooling to T2 (° C.), thermal strain is introduced and the film adhesion and magnetic properties are reduced. Therefore, the average cooling rate CR2 in the temperature range of 100 ° C. to T2 (° C.) is as follows. The average cooling rate that satisfies Equation (8) is used.
- the heating rate for heating the steel sheet is also important.
- Oxide other than SiO 2 may not only reduce the adhesion of the tension insulating film, inhibits the surface smoothness of the steel sheet, so lowering the iron loss, the heating rate is not generated as much as possible oxides other than SiO 2 It is necessary to adopt.
- Non-Patent Document 1 since SiO 2 is not stable as compared with other Fe-based oxides, it is preferable to employ a heat history in which no Fe-based oxide is generated during heating. Specifically, by setting the average heating rate HR1 in the temperature range from 100 ° C. to 600 ° C. to 10 ° C./sec or more, generation of Fe X O can be avoided.
- the heating rate in this temperature range is preferably as fast as possible, but for industrial reasons, the upper limit of the average heating rate HR1 is preferably 200 ° C./sec.
- HR1 is between 20 and 150 ° C./sec, more preferably between 50 and 100 ° C./sec.
- Example 1 A silicon steel having a composition shown in Table 1-1 was soaked at 1100 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then subjected to hot rolling to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 2.6 mm.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at 1100 ° C. After pickling, cold rolling was performed once, or cold rolling was performed a plurality of times with intermediate annealing, to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.23 mm.
- a cold rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.23 mm was subjected to decarburizing annealing and nitriding annealing. Thereafter, a water slurry of an annealing separating agent mainly composed of alumina was applied, and finish annealing was performed at 1200 ° C. for 20 hours. Next, the finished annealed plate was subjected to an oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 : 0.12, an annealing temperature T1: 1000 ° C., an annealing time: 30 seconds, and an average heating rate HR1: 30 ° C. in a temperature range from 100 ° C. to 600 ° C. or less. / Second to form an SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer on the surface of the steel sheet.
- the average cooling rate CR1 in the temperature range from T2 ° C. (800 ° C.) to T1 ° C. (900 ° C.) is set to 50 ° C./sec, and the average cooling rate CR2 from 100 ° C. to less than T2 ° C. (800 ° C.). Was set to 30 ° C./sec.
- Table 1-2 shows the chemical composition of the base steel sheet of the manufactured grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the film adhesion of the insulating film was evaluated, and the magnetic properties (magnetic flux density) were evaluated.
- Magnetic properties were evaluated according to JIS C2550.
- the magnetic flux density was evaluated using B8.
- B8 is a magnetic flux density at a magnetic field strength of 800 A / m, which is a criterion for determining the quality of secondary recrystallization.
- B8 1.89 T or more was judged to be secondary recrystallized.
- the degree of lattice matching SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer Subjected to investigation.
- the thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer was identified by TEM observation according to the method described in Patent Document 25.
- the degree of lattice matching of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer was examined by reflection infrared spectroscopy. Table 2 shows a series of evaluation results.
- Symbols B1 to B13 are examples of the invention, and all have the effect of the invention.
- Inventive steels B1 to B6 do not contain any selected element.
- Inventive steel B1 contained S, B2 and B4 contained Si, B3 contained acid-soluble Al, and B5 contained N, which were out of the preferable ranges. Therefore, the evaluation was "F”.
- the inventive steel B6 did not contain the selective element, the evaluation was “G”, which was relatively good. This is because in the invention steel B6, Si, Mn, acid-soluble Al, and N are all preferable or controlled to more preferable ranges.
- Invention steels B7 to B13 contain any of Cr, Cu, Sn, and B as a selective element.
- symbols b1 to b7 are comparative examples. Comparative examples denoted by symbols b3 to b5 each contained a large amount of Si, Al, and N, and thus had poor brittleness at room temperature and could not be cold rolled. Therefore, in the comparative examples of the symbols b3 to b5, the evaluation of the adhesion was not achieved.
- Example 2 A silicon steel having a composition shown in Table 1-1 was soaked at 1100 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then subjected to hot rolling to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 2.6 mm.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at 1100 ° C. After pickling, cold rolling was performed once, or cold rolling was performed a plurality of times with intermediate annealing, to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.23 mm.
- a cold rolled steel sheet having a final sheet thickness of 0.23 mm was subjected to decarburizing annealing and nitriding annealing, and then applied with a water slurry of an annealing separating agent mainly composed of alumina, followed by finish annealing at 1200 ° C. for 20 hours.
- the finished annealed plate is subjected to an oxygen partial pressure P H2O / P H2 : 0.01, an annealing temperature T1: 800 ° C., an annealing time: 60 seconds, and an average heating rate HR1: 90 ° C. in a temperature range from 100 ° C. to 600 ° C. or less.
- Second to form an SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer on the surface of the steel sheet.
- the average cooling rate CR1 in the temperature range from T2 ° C. (700 ° C.) to T1 ° C. (800 ° C.) is set to 50 ° C./sec, and the average cooling rate CR2 from 100 ° C. to less than T2 ° C. (700 ° C.). Was set to 30 ° C./sec.
- a coating liquid for forming an insulating film was applied to the surface of the steel sheet and baked to form a tensile insulating film.
- the film adhesion of the insulating film was evaluated, and the magnetic properties (magnetic flux density) were evaluated.
- the film thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer investigation and, the degree of lattice matching SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer And the solid solubility of Mn in the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer.
- the solid solubility of Mn was determined by GDS analysis.
- Table 3 the thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer, the degree of lattice matching SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer by reflection infrared spectroscopy, Mn by GDS, Al and solid solubility of B, and, film adhesion
- the evaluation results of sex are shown.
- the GDS measurement time was 100 seconds, and the time interval was 0.05 seconds. All measurement methods and evaluation methods were performed according to Example 1.
- the chemical composition of the base steel sheet of the manufactured grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is as shown in Table 1-2. When the expressions (3) to (5) were satisfied, the result was “OK”, and when not satisfied, the result was “NG”.
- Symbols C1 to C7 are invention examples, and it has been confirmed by reflection infrared spectroscopy that the formation of an SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer having excellent lattice matching was formed.
- Inventive steel C7 contains four types of selective elements Cr, Cu, Sn, and B. Therefore, the evaluation "G” of inventive steels C1 to C6 that does not contain the selective element, or contains only one type even if it does. "VG", which has particularly good film adhesion, is obtained.
- Example 3 A silicon steel having a composition shown in Table 1-1 was soaked at 1100 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then subjected to hot rolling to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 2.6 mm.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet was annealed at 1100 ° C. After pickling, cold rolling was performed once, or cold rolling was performed a plurality of times with intermediate annealing, to obtain a cold-rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.23 mm.
- a cold rolled steel sheet having a final thickness of 0.23 mm was subjected to decarburizing annealing and nitriding annealing. Thereafter, a water slurry of an annealing separating agent mainly composed of alumina was applied, and finish annealing was performed at 1200 ° C. for 20 hours. Next, the finish annealed sheet was annealed under the conditions shown in Table 4-1 and Table 4-2 to form a SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer on the steel sheet surface. Thereafter, a coating liquid for forming an insulating film was applied to the surface of the steel sheet and baked to form a tensile insulating film. The adhesion of the insulating film was evaluated, and the magnetic properties (magnetic flux density) were evaluated.
- the chemical composition of the base steel sheet of the manufactured grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is as shown in Table 1-2.
- Table 4-1 and Table 4-2 shows the film thickness of the SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer, the degree of lattice matching SiO 2 intermediate oxide layer by reflection infrared spectroscopy, and the evaluation results of film adhesion. All measurement methods and evaluation methods were performed according to Example 1.
- Symbols D1 to D27 are invention examples, and all of them can enjoy the effects of the invention.
- the evaluation of the invention steels D1 to D3 was limited to “F” because the annealing temperature, the annealing time, the heating rate HR1, and the oxygen partial pressure were controlled out of the preferable ranges.
- the annealing temperature, the annealing time, the heating rate HR1, and the oxygen partial pressure were all controlled in the preferable ranges.
- the annealing temperature, the annealing time, and the oxygen partial pressure are all controlled in preferable ranges, and the heating rate HR1 is controlled in a more preferable range.
- Inventive steels D16 to D18 have their annealing temperatures, annealing times, and oxygen partial pressures controlled in preferred ranges, contain Cr and Sn as selective elements, and have their heating rate HR1 controlled in more preferred ranges. Therefore, “VG” having particularly good film adhesion was obtained.
- the invention steels D19 to D21 were also relatively favorable because they contained Cr, Cu and Sn as selective elements, although the annealing temperature, annealing time, heating rate HR1, and oxygen partial pressure were outside the preferred ranges. "G” having excellent film adhesion was obtained.
- the annealing temperature, the annealing time, and the oxygen partial pressure were all controlled in the preferable ranges, and thus “VG” having particularly good film adhesion was obtained.
- symbols d1 to d9 are comparative examples.
- any one of the annealing temperature, the annealing time, and the oxygen partial pressure when forming the SiO 2 intermediate oxide film layer is out of the range of the present invention, so that the SiO 2 No intermediate oxide film layer was formed, and evaluation by reflection infrared spectroscopy could not be performed.
- the formation of a glass film is intentionally suppressed or the glass film is removed by means such as grinding or pickling, and the surface of the steel sheet is flattened until it exhibits a mirror gloss.
- a tension imparting insulating film having excellent film adhesion can be formed on the surface of the finished annealed unidirectional silicon steel sheet without impairing the magnetic properties and the stability thereof. Therefore, the present invention has high applicability in the magnetic steel sheet manufacturing industry and the magnetic steel sheet utilization industry.
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Abstract
Description
前記母材鋼板は、化学成分として、質量%で、C:0.010%以下、Si:2.50~4.00%、酸可溶性Al:0.010%以下、N:0.012%以下、Mn:1.00%以下、S:0.020%以下を含有し、残部がFe及び不純物からなる。
SiO2中間酸化膜層の表面の反射型赤外分光分析で、1250cm-1のピーク強度IAと、1200cm-1のピーク強度IBが、下記式(1)を満たす。
IB/IA≧0.010 ・・・(1)
Ts:Siのグロー放電発光分析の開始点に対応する時間t(秒)
前記酸化膜形成工程では、焼鈍温度T1:600~1200℃、焼鈍時間:5~200秒、酸素分圧PH2O/PH2:0.15以下、100℃から600℃の温度域の平均加熱速度HR1:10~200℃の条件で焼鈍を行い、前記焼鈍後、T2℃~T1℃の温度域の平均冷却速度CR1を50℃/秒以下とし、100℃以上T2℃未満の温度域の平均冷却速度CR2をCR1未満とする。ここで、T2℃は、T1℃-100で表される温度を表す。
前記母材鋼板は、化学成分として、質量%で、C:0.010%以下、Si:2.50~4.00%、酸可溶性Al:0.01%以下、N:0.012%以下、Mn:1.00%以下、S:0.02%以下を含有し、残部がFe及び不純物からなる。
SiO2中間酸化膜層の表面の反射型赤外分光分析で、1250cm-1のピーク強度IAと、1200cm-1のピーク強度IBが、下記式(1)を満たすことを特徴とする。
IB/IA≧0.010 ・・・(1)
Ts:Siのグロー放電発光分析の開始点に対応する時間t(秒)
<成分組成>
まず、母材鋼板の成分組成の限定理由について説明する。以下、成分組成に係る%は、質量%を意味する。
Cが0.010%を超えると、CはSiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面のAlやほかの元素の濃化層形成を抑制する。このため、
Cは0.010%以下とする。鉄損特性の改善の観点から、0.008%以下が好ましい。
下限は0%を含むが、Cの検出限界が0.0001%程度であるので、実用鋼板上、0.0001%が実質的な下限である。
Siが2.50%未満であると、二次再結晶が十分に進行せず、良好な磁束密度と鉄損特性が得られないので、Siは2.50%以上とする。好ましくは2.75%以上、より好ましくは3.00%以上である。
酸可溶性Alはスラブ組成では、冷間圧延の通板性の観点から、0.07%を上限として含有される。この意味で、酸可溶性Alは上限が0.07%であるが、実際には、二次再結晶焼鈍を通じ、Alは鋼板外へ排出される。結果として母材鋼板に含まれる酸可溶性Alは0.010%以下であろう。0.07%以下であれば、通板性に問題はないが、母材鋼板に含まれる酸可溶性Alは少ないほど、鉄損特性は良好であり、好ましくは0.006%以下である。
下限は0%を含むが、C同様に、検出限界が0.0001%程度であるので、実用鋼板上、0.0001%が実質的な下限である。
Nが0.012%を超えると、冷延時、鋼板中にブリスター(空孔)が生じるうえに、鋼板の強度が上昇し、製造時の通板性が悪化するので、Nは0.012%以下とする。好ましくは0.010%以下、より好ましくは0.009%以下である。
Mnが1.00%を超えると、二次再結晶焼鈍において鋼が相変態し、二次再結晶が十分に進行せず、良好な磁束密度と鉄損特性が得られないので、Mnは1.00%以下とする。好ましくは0.50%以下、より好ましくは0.20%以下である。
Sが0.020%を超えると、Cと同様に、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面のAlやほかの元素の濃化層形成を抑制する。このため、Sは0.020%以下とする。好ましくは0.010%以下である。
下限は0%を含むが、Sの検出限界が0.0001%程度であるので、実用鋼板上、0.0001%が実質的な下限である。
Bは、Cr、Cuと同様に、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面に濃化して(本発明者らは、GDSで確認した)、皮膜密着性の向上に寄与する元素である。0.001%未満では、皮膜密着性の向上効果が十分に得られないので、Bは0.001%以上とする。好ましくは0.002%以上、より好ましくは0.003%以上である。
Snは、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面に濃化しないが、皮膜密着性の向上に寄与する元素である。Snの皮膜密着性の向上機構は明らかでないが、二次再結晶後の鋼板表面の平滑度を調査した結果、平滑度の向上が認められたので、Snは、鋼板表面の凹凸を低減して平滑化し、凹凸欠陥の少ない、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面の形成に寄与すると考えられる。
Crは、B、Cuと同様に、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面に濃化し、皮膜密着性の向上に寄与する元素である。0.01%未満では、皮膜密着性の向上効果が十分に得られないので、Crは0.01%以上とする。好ましくは0.03%以上、より好ましくは0.05%以上である。
Cuは、B、Crと同様に、SiO2中間酸化膜層と鋼板の界面に濃化し、皮膜密着性の向上に寄与する元素である。0.01%未満では、皮膜密着性の向上効果が十分に得られないので、Cuは0.01%以上とする。好ましくは0.03%以上、より好ましくは0.05%以上である。
次に、皮膜密着性の向上に重要な役割を果たす中間酸化膜層(以下、SiO2中間酸化膜層と呼称する場合がある)について説明する。本発明電磁鋼板は、グラス皮膜を研削や酸洗等の手段で除去したり、又は、グラス皮膜の生成を意図的に防止して製造する。張力絶縁皮膜の皮膜密着性を十分に確保するため、張力絶縁皮膜と鋼板の界面に、所要の膜厚のSiO2中間酸化膜層を有する。
SiO2中間酸化膜層の平均膜厚が1.0nm未満であると、張力絶縁皮膜の皮膜密着性を十分に確保できないので、SiO2中間酸化膜層の平均膜厚は1.0nm以上とする。好ましくは5.0nm以上、より好ましくは9.0nm以上である。
1250cm-1のピーク強度IAに対する1200cm-1のピーク強度IBの比:IB/IAを0.010以上とする。
IB/IA≧0.010 ・・・(1)
本発明電磁鋼板は、通常の電磁鋼板と同様に、転炉で溶製され、連続鋳造された鋼片に、熱間圧延、熱延板焼鈍、冷間圧延、一次再結晶焼鈍、二次再結晶焼鈍、SiO2中間酸化膜層を形成する焼鈍、及び、絶縁皮膜を形成する焼鈍を施して製造する。
酸素分圧PH2O/PH2を、下記式(6)を満たす酸素分圧とする。好ましくは0.05以下である。
PH2O/PH2≦0.15 ・・・(6)
CR1>CR2 ・・・(8)
表1-1に示す成分組成の珪素鋼を1100℃で60分均熱した後、熱間圧延に供し、板厚2.6mmの熱延鋼板とし、該熱延鋼板に1100℃で焼鈍を施し、酸洗後、一回の冷間圧延又は中間焼鈍を挟む複数回の冷間圧延を施して、最終板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板とした。
表1-1に示す成分組成の珪素鋼を1100℃で60分均熱した後、熱間圧延に供し、板厚2.6mmの熱延鋼板とし、該熱延鋼板に1100℃で焼鈍を施し、酸洗後、一回の冷間圧延又は中間焼鈍を挟む複数回の冷間圧延を施して、最終板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板とした。
なお、製造された方向性電磁鋼板の母材鋼板の化学成分は、表1-2に示した通りである。式(3)~式(5)を満たす場合、「OK」とし、満たさなかった場合を「NG」とした。
発明鋼C7は選択元素Cr,Cu,Sn,Bを4種含有しているため、選択元素を含まない、または含んでいても1種のみに留まっている発明鋼C1~C6の評価「G」に比べ、とりわけ良好な皮膜密着性である「VG」が得られている。
表1-1に示す成分組成の珪素鋼を1100℃で60分均熱した後、熱間圧延に供し、板厚2.6mmの熱延鋼板とし、該熱延鋼板に1100℃で焼鈍を施し、酸洗後、一回の冷間圧延又は中間焼鈍を挟む複数回の冷間圧延を施して、最終板厚0.23mmの冷延鋼板とした。
なお、製造された方向性電磁鋼板の母材鋼板の化学成分は、表1-2に示した通りである。
発明鋼D1~D9について、発明鋼D1~D3は焼鈍温度、焼鈍時間、昇温速度HR1、および酸素分圧が好ましい範囲外に制御されたため、評価は「F」にとどまったが、発明鋼D4~D6は焼鈍温度、焼鈍時間、昇温速度HR1、および酸素分圧がいずれも好ましい範囲に制御されたため、「G」と良好な結果だった。
発明鋼G7~G9は、焼鈍温度、焼鈍時間、、および酸素分圧がいずれも好ましい範囲に制御されたうえに、昇温速度HR1がより好ましい範囲に制御されている。このため、良好な皮膜密着性である「G」が得られた。
発明鋼D10~D13は焼鈍温度、焼鈍時間、昇温速度HR1、および酸素分圧が好ましい範囲外であったものの、選択元素としてCrおよびSnを含有するため、比較的良好な皮膜密着性である「G」が得られた。
発明鋼D14~D15は焼鈍温度、焼鈍時間、昇温速度HR1、および酸素分圧が好ましい範囲に制御されており、かつ選択元素としてCrおよびSnを含有するため、比較的良好な皮膜密着性である「G」が得られた。
発明鋼D16~D18は焼鈍温度、焼鈍時間、および酸素分圧が好ましい範囲に制御されており、かつ選択元素としてCrおよびSnを含有するうえに、昇温速度HR1がより好ましい範囲に制御されていたため、とりわけ良好な皮膜密着性である「VG」が得られた。
また、発明鋼D19~D21についても、焼鈍温度、焼鈍時間、昇温速度HR1、および酸素分圧が好ましい範囲外であったものの、選択元素としてCr、CuおよびSnを含有するため、比較的良好な皮膜密着性である「G」が得られた。発明鋼D22~D27は、焼鈍温度、焼鈍時間、、および酸素分圧がいずれも好ましい範囲に制御されているため、とりわけ良好な皮膜密着性である「VG」が得られた。
d6ではHR1が上限超であり、d7ではHR1が下限未満であったため、Fe系酸化物が多く形成された。そのため、皮膜密着性の評価はBとなった。
Claims (5)
- 母材鋼板と;
前記母材鋼板上に形成され、SiO2を含有し、平均膜厚が1.0nm~1.0μmである中間酸化膜層と;
前記中間酸化膜層上に形成された張力絶縁被膜と;
を備え、
前記母材鋼板は、化学成分として、質量%で、C:0.010%以下、Si:2.50~4.00%、酸可溶性Al:0.010%以下、N:0.012%以下、Mn:1.00%以下、S:0.020%以下を含有し、
残部がFe及び不純物からなり、
前記中間酸化膜層の表面の反射型赤外分光分析で、1250cm-1のピーク強度IAと、1200cm-1のピーク強度IBが、下記式(1)を満たす
ことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板。
IB/IA≧0.010 ・・・(1) - 前記母材鋼板が、前記化学成分として、質量%で、B:0.001~0.010%を更に含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
- 前記母材鋼板が、前記化学成分として、質量%で、
Sn:0.01~0.20%;
Cr:0.01~0.50%;
Cu:0.01~0.50%;
の1種又は2種以上を更に含有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板を製造する製造方法であって、
鋼板表面に中間酸化膜層を形成する酸化膜形成工程を有し、
前記酸化膜形成工程では、
焼鈍温度T1:600~1200℃、焼鈍時間:5~200秒、酸素分圧PH2O/PH2:0.15以下、100℃から600℃の温度域の平均加熱速度HR1:10~200℃の条件で焼鈍を行い;
前記焼鈍後、T2℃~T1℃の温度域の平均冷却速度CR1を50℃/秒以下とし、100℃以上T2℃未満の温度域の平均冷却速度CR2をCR1未満とする
ことを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法。
ここで、T2℃は、T1℃-100で表される温度を表す。
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CN112449656A (zh) | 2021-03-05 |
BR112020027000B1 (pt) | 2023-10-24 |
BR112020027000A2 (pt) | 2021-04-06 |
US20210123115A1 (en) | 2021-04-29 |
KR20210018433A (ko) | 2021-02-17 |
RU2766228C1 (ru) | 2022-02-10 |
JPWO2020012666A1 (ja) | 2021-08-05 |
KR102480592B1 (ko) | 2022-12-26 |
EP3822386A1 (en) | 2021-05-19 |
EP3822386A4 (en) | 2022-01-19 |
JP6954470B2 (ja) | 2021-10-27 |
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