WO2019156151A1 - Système et procédé de culture hydroponique verticale - Google Patents

Système et procédé de culture hydroponique verticale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019156151A1
WO2019156151A1 PCT/JP2019/004377 JP2019004377W WO2019156151A1 WO 2019156151 A1 WO2019156151 A1 WO 2019156151A1 JP 2019004377 W JP2019004377 W JP 2019004377W WO 2019156151 A1 WO2019156151 A1 WO 2019156151A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nutrient solution
vertical
water
sheet
hydroponic cultivation
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PCT/JP2019/004377
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
勝義 長瀬
坂口　浩二
のぞみ 長島
亮 高倉
Original Assignee
勝義 長瀬
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Application filed by 勝義 長瀬 filed Critical 勝義 長瀬
Priority to CN201980022020.XA priority Critical patent/CN111918550B/zh
Priority to JP2019565029A priority patent/JP6707245B2/ja
Publication of WO2019156151A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019156151A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vertical hydroponic cultivation system and a vertical hydroponic cultivation method.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of hollow hydroponic cultivation towers (vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinders) and irrigation means for supplying a nutrient solution to the medium material in the hollow hydroponic cultivation tower (nutrient supply) Means).
  • the said hollow hydroponics tower is a structure provided with the groove part (vertical direction slit or opening part) for planting the seedling of a plant in the one side
  • a medium material selected from granular medium, styrofoam, polyurethane foam, plastic mesh, rock wool, coconut fiber, wicking strip, cultivation bag and vermiculite is inserted into the hollow hydroponics tower.
  • a hollow tube filled with a medium such as a nonwoven fabric is provided in a storage tank filled with a nutrient solution. It has a structure in which a nutrient solution is supplied to a medium in which plants are planted by standing upright and ejecting air from a lower end portion of a liquid feeding tube installed in a hollow tube (see Patent Document 2).
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Patent Document 3 is a plurality of vertical hydroponic cultivation tubes suspended on the ceiling of the house or standing on the floor, and a medium accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation tube so as to be removable.
  • a nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution to the culture medium from the nutrient solution storage tank;
  • a medium that is removably accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder is sandwiched between a water retention sheet for planting plant seedlings and both surfaces thereof.
  • the nutrient solution is dripped onto the upper end of the water retention sheet, so that moisture is reliably supplied to the roots of plant seedlings sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the breathable material. Therefore, the plant does not wither even if a large amount of nutrient solution is not dropped on the medium with a high-power pump.
  • oxygen is reliably supplied to the roots of plant seedlings sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the breathable material, root decay of the cultivated plants can be prevented.
  • the medium has a two-part structure consisting of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material. It has the effect that it can be widely used from excellent and inexpensive ones that can be easily supplied, and the range of choice of materials can be expanded.
  • the plants may be rubbed by the slit helicopter when pulling them in. Or, it was necessary to divide a number of people to share the work of protecting the ground and pulling in the medium.
  • a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder that has been cultivated a large amount of force is required to draw out a medium in which the underground portion of the plant that has enlarged during cultivation is sandwiched.
  • washing vertical hydroponic cylinders for repeated use it was difficult to wash because there were only narrow slit-shaped empty portions, and it was difficult to check whether they were washed properly.
  • the conventional technique has various problems in workability. Furthermore, in order to hook and remove with a hook or the like, if the portion where the hook is hooked is repeatedly used, it stretches or tears, and there is a problem in durability.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to prevent root rot of cultivated plants and to cultivate plants efficiently by supplying a small amount of nutrient solution, or vertical hydroponics that can be cultivated with high yield
  • the object is to provide a cultivation system and a vertical hydroponics method.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is a series of operations such as preparatory work for cultivation such as plant seedling or seed planting, removal during cultivation period, removal after cultivation, and washing of the outer frame after removal
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention is accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation tube suspended on the ceiling of the house or erected on the floor, and detachable in the vertical hydroponic cultivation tube.
  • a vertical hydroponics system comprising a culture medium and a nutrient solution supply means for supplying nutrient solution to the culture medium from a nutrient solution storage tank,
  • the vertical hydroponics tube comprises one or more vertical slits or a plurality of openings for planting plant seedlings or seeds in at least one direction thereof,
  • the medium is composed of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof,
  • a guide member having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end of the water retention sheet at the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder; It is characterized by.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
  • the guide member is a funnel-type cap having, at the lower end, a nutrient solution supply opening that guides the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
  • the nutrient solution supply opening may touch the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The thickness of the water retention sheet may be 2 mm or more.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The upper end of the water retention sheet may protrude from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The upper end of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials, The nutrient solution may be configured to be dripped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The folded water-retaining sheet is formed in an inclined shape that increases in thickness as it goes to the tip, and its upper surface becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet as the center,
  • the nutrient solution may be configured to be dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the folded water-retaining sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is At least an inclined member having an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes to the outside centering on the water retaining sheet on the upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the water retaining sheet that is folded,
  • the nutrient solution may be configured to be dripped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the folded water-retaining sheet is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet as the center,
  • the nutrient solution may be configured to be dripped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
  • the cap may be provided with a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder in a state of closing the slit or the opening surface side of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
  • the upper end opening edge of the cap may be provided with a lid that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention includes a vertical hydroponic cultivation tube suspended on the ceiling of a house or standing on a floor, a medium accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation tube so as to be removable, and a nutrient solution
  • a nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution from the storage tank to the culture medium
  • the vertical hydroponics tube comprises one or more vertical slits or a plurality of openings for planting plant seedlings or seeds in at least one direction thereof,
  • the medium is composed of a water retention sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof,
  • a guide member having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder at the upper end of the water retention sheet;
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
  • the guide member is a funnel-shaped cap having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder at the upper end of the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
  • the nutrient solution supply opening may be brought into contact with the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The thickness of the water retention sheet may be 2 mm or more.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is In some cases, the upper end of the water retaining sheet protrudes from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials, There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening to the folded water-retaining sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The folded water-retaining sheet is formed in a slanted shape so that its upper surface goes higher with the water-retaining sheet as the center by increasing its thickness as it goes to the tip, There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is At least an inclined member having an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes to the outside centering on the water retaining sheet on the upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the water retaining sheet that is folded, There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the folded water retaining sheet is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water retaining sheet as the center, There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
  • the cap may be provided with a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder in a state of closing the slit or the opening surface side of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
  • the upper end opening edge of the cap may be provided with a lid that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention includes a vertically long medium composed of a water retaining sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and one side edge of the water retaining sheet.
  • a pair of split outer frames in which one or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds are planted between the water-retaining sheet and the breathable material in the vicinity, and the culture medium is sandwiched from both breathable materials, and both outer frames
  • the cross sections of the outer frames are substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion, It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention comprises a vertically long medium composed of a water retentive sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and a water retentive sheet and a breathable part near both side edges of the water retentive sheet, respectively.
  • One or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between the material and a pair of split outer frames sandwiching the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and the outer frames are detachably connected.
  • the cross sections of the outer frames are substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion, It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is There may be a top plate portion that covers at least a part of the upper end surfaces of both outer frames. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is There is a case where the top plate is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics system described in the present invention is
  • the space for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between both outer frames may be formed in a state of being elongated in the vertical direction.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is In order to plant plant seeds or seeds between the two outer frames, a plurality of gaps may be formed under a certain interval in the vertical direction.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is in some cases, the connecting means has a structure in which the outer frames are detachably engaged.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is in some cases, the connecting means is a binding band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of the outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is in some cases, the connecting means is a hot-melt band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of both outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is There may be a case where a fixing means for fixing the nutrient liquid drop outlet of the nutrient solution supply means so as to be positioned right above the water retention sheet is provided.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is There is a case where the lowering mouth of the nutrient solution supply means touches the water retaining sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is In some cases, the nutrient solution lowering port of the nutrient solution supply means is sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the upper end of one of the breathable materials.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The lower end portion has a nutrient solution supply opening for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet at the upper end opening portion of the vertically long columnar body formed of both the outer frames and the culture medium connected to each other.
  • a guide member may be provided.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The guide member may be a funnel-type cap having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end openings of both outer frames to the upper end of the water retention sheet. .
  • the cap may include a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium contained in both outer frames in a state in which at least a part of the side surface portion not surrounded by both outer frames is closed.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The upper end of the water retention sheet may protrude from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is In some cases, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
  • the nutrient solution supply means includes a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the nutrient solution supply amount to the water retention sheet, and is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the flow rate adjustment means onto the water retention sheet.
  • a water content sensor may be provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is A thermal heater may be provided in contact with the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention comprises a vertically long medium composed of a water retentive sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and a water retentive sheet and a breathability near one side edge of the water retentive sheet.
  • One or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between the material and a pair of split outer frames sandwiching the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and the outer frames are detachably connected.
  • the cross section of both outer frames is substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion, It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention comprises a vertically long medium composed of a water retentive sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and a water retentive sheet and a breathability in the vicinity of both side edges of the water retentive sheet, respectively.
  • One or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between the material and a pair of split outer frames sandwiching the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and the outer frames are detachably connected.
  • the cross section of both outer frames is substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion, It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is There may be a top plate portion that covers at least a part of the upper end surfaces of both outer frames. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is There is a case where the top plate is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The space for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between both outer frames may be formed in a state of being elongated in the vertical direction.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is In order to plant plant seeds or seeds between the two outer frames, a plurality of gaps may be formed under a certain interval in the vertical direction.
  • the connecting means has a structure in which the outer frames are detachably engaged.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is in some cases, the connecting means is a binding band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of the outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is in some cases, the connecting means is a hot-melt band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of both outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is There may be a case where a fixing means for fixing the nutrient liquid drop outlet of the nutrient solution supply means so as to be positioned right above the water retention sheet is provided.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is There is a case where the lowering mouth of the nutrient solution supply means touches the water retaining sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is In some cases, the nutrient solution lowering port of the nutrient solution supply means is sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the upper end of one of the breathable materials.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The lower end portion has a nutrient solution supply opening for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet at the upper end opening portion of the vertically long columnar body formed of both the outer frames and the culture medium connected to each other.
  • a guide member may be provided.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The guide member may be a funnel-type cap having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end openings of both outer frames to the upper end of the water retention sheet. .
  • the cap may include a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium contained in both outer frames in a state in which at least a part of the side surface portion not surrounded by both outer frames is blocked.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The upper end of the water retention sheet may protrude from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is In some cases, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
  • the nutrient solution supply means includes a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the nutrient solution supply amount to the water retention sheet, and is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the flow rate adjustment means onto the water retention sheet.
  • a water content sensor may be provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is A thermal heater may be provided in contact with the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is Plant cuttings may be planted between the water-holding sheet and the water-permeable material.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is In some cases, a plant rooted in the water-holding sheet is planted by being sandwiched between both breathable materials in a state of being attached to the water-holding sheet.
  • the medium has a two-part structure consisting of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material. Any material that is excellent and inexpensive or can be easily supplied can be used widely, and the range of selection of materials can be expanded. In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
  • the guide member which has the nutrient solution supply opening part which guides the nutrient solution dripped from a nutrient solution supply means to the upper end part of the vertical hydroponic cultivation pipe to the upper end part of a water retention sheet in a lower end part
  • the nutrient solution can be reliably guided to the water retention sheet without leaking in the direction of the breathable material. This reduces the risk of dying due to less nutrient solution reaching the plant, even if the nutrient solution drop position slightly shifts to the left or right using a nutrient solution supply device with large variations in nutrient solution drop position. it can.
  • the nutrient solution can be collected on the water retaining sheet even by the method of sandwiching the tip of the nutrient drop lower tube between the breathable material and the water retaining sheet without using the above guiding member, but when the above guiding member is used.
  • the dripping port portion of the nutrient droplet lowering means can be made visible, it is easier to check whether the nutrient solution is clogged. This facilitates visual check and also enables remote monitoring by linking the monitoring camera.
  • a medium that is detachably accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder is sandwiched between a water retention sheet for planting plant seedlings or seeds, and both sides thereof. It is made up of a breathable material, and the nutrient solution is dripped onto the upper end of the water-retaining sheet, so that water and oxygen are surely attached to the roots of plant seedlings sandwiched between the water-retaining sheet and the breathable material. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the cultivated plants from withering and root rot.
  • the medium has a two-part structure consisting of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material. Any material that is excellent and inexpensive or can be easily supplied can be used widely, and the range of selection of materials can be expanded. In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
  • a funnel-type cap having a nourishing liquid drop outlet at the lower end for guiding the nourishing liquid dropped from the nourishing liquid supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder to the upper end of the water retention sheet
  • the invasion of leaves and stems can be suppressed, and if only the cap is removed, the leaves and stems can be easily cleaned, and the risk of pest damage can be reduced by a simple method.
  • light can be prevented from entering the medium, generation of mold and algae into the medium can be suppressed. Even if it is a kind that does not cause disease to plants, if it continues to grow for a long time, the algae grows on the surface of the water retention sheet, not only the appearance impression worsens, but also the surface of the water retention sheet becomes hydrophobic and water retention capacity is reduced.
  • the nutrient solution leaks in the direction of the breathable material by bringing the lower end opening of the guide member into contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet. Without being able to be dripped reliably to a water retention sheet. In addition, it can be easily confirmed that there is no clogging of the nutrient solution from the nutrient droplet lower tube. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • a nutrient solution can be dripped more reliably to a water retention sheet
  • the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the upper end of the water retention sheet protrudes from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials, so that the distance from the dripping port can be reduced. Can be further dripped onto the water retaining sheet. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the upper end portion of the water retention sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is simply folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials.
  • the nutrient solution can be effectively collected in the water retention sheet without losing a part of the nutrient solution to the breathable material side as compared with the case where the water retention sheet is simply sandwiched between the breathable materials.
  • seat increases in thickness as it goes to the front-end
  • the nutrient solution dripped onto the folded water retention sheet is prevented from jumping to the outside, and the time remaining on the upper surface is shortened compared to when there is no inclination. Leakage of the nutrient solution dropped onto the water retention sheet is prevented from leaking in the direction of the breathable material and evaporation on the upper surface, and the nutrient solution can be used efficiently.
  • the upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the folded water retention sheet has an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water retention sheet as the center.
  • the inclined member having By providing the inclined member having, the upper surface of the folded water retention sheet becomes an inclined surface, thereby preventing jumping of the nutrient solution dripped onto the folded water retention sheet to the outside and the time remaining on the upper surface.
  • the nutrient solution dripped onto the water-holding sheet is prevented from leaking in the direction of the breathable material and evaporation on the top surface, so that the nutrient solution can be used efficiently.
  • the upper surface of the folded breathable material on the water-retaining sheet side is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet as the center.
  • the nutrient solution dripped onto the folded water retention sheet is prevented from jumping to the outside, and the time remaining on the upper surface is not inclined.
  • leakage of the nutrient solution dropped onto the water-holding sheet in the direction of the breathable material and evaporation on the upper surface can be suppressed, and the nutrient solution can be used efficiently.
  • the cap has a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium contained in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder as a slit or opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium contained in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder as a slit or opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • a guide member is provided when the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder is not used by providing a lid that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap at the upper end opening edge of the cap. By completely closing the mouth, it is possible to prevent dust (including mold spores) from entering the cap.
  • plant seedlings or seeds are planted between the water retention sheet and the breathable material in the vicinity of one side edge of the water retention sheet as the outer frame.
  • a pair of split outer frames with one or more gaps between them to sandwich the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and a structure in which both outer frames are detachably connected by a connecting means, has been extremely troublesome in the past. Therefore, preparation work such as planting seedlings or seeds of plants that required time and labor, and cleaning of the outer frame after harvesting plants can be easily performed without requiring time and labor.
  • by making the outer frame into a split type it is possible to reduce the volume to about half of the conventional cultivation cylinder during transportation, and there is an advantage that less space is required when storing as a stock.
  • the gap shape does not necessarily have to be continuous in the vertical direction, and it is possible to make it a closed shape other than the minimum gap for planting seedlings. As a result, it is possible to prevent light from being applied to the stems and underground parts of plants grown on the medium, and it is also possible to suppress water evaporation from the medium.
  • the plant is planted on only one conventional side surface. Compared to the case, the number of plant seedlings that can be cultivated can be doubled at the maximum, and the production yield of plants can be greatly increased.
  • the open area of the upper end opening can be greatly reduced, and dust (including mold spores) intrudes into both outer frames. Can be suppressed. Furthermore, since light can be prevented from entering the medium, generation of mold and algae into the medium can be suppressed. Moreover, since the top plate portion is formed on the slope inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames, the dropped nutrient solution can be concentratedly supplied to the water retention sheet.
  • the strain interval can be adjusted flexibly according to the size of the plant to be planted.
  • the nutrient solution can be added to the water retention sheet without leaking in the direction of the breathable material. It can be dripped reliably. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the nutrient solution lower end of the nutrient solution supply means touch the upper end of the water retention sheet, the nutrient solution can be reliably dropped onto the water retention sheet without leaking in the direction of the breathable material. it can. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the nutrient solution lowering port of the nutrient solution supply means is sandwiched between the water retaining sheet and the upper end of one of the air-permeable materials, so that the nutrient solution can be reliably dropped onto the water retaining sheet.
  • the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the surface of the water-holding sheet is further covered than when only the upper surface is covered. Suppression of dust (including mold spores) and light from the surface of the water-retaining sheet can be suppressed, thereby suppressing generation of mold and algae on the medium.
  • a method that uses a cutting needle is used to transplant normal rooted plants on a floor or table, etc.
  • the water-holding sheet sandwiched between the breathable materials is outside the split mold It is easy to carry out the method of assembling the columnar body surrounded by the frame first without the plant and inserting it between the breathable material and the water retention sheet, even if the planting work is carried out by one person, it takes time. It becomes possible to carry out easily without spending.
  • cutting ears are cut out from the plants that are cultivated for harvesting, it is possible to increase the number of cultivated plants without raising a seedling space or a seedling raising period, which contributes to work reduction.
  • the nutrient solution dripping from the lower part of the vertical hydroponics tube is collected and provided with a nutrient solution collecting means for collecting the nutrient solution in a nutrient solution storage tank.
  • the nutrient solution collecting means is dripped from the lower part of the vertical hydroponics tube.
  • the nutrient solution supply means is provided with a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the supply amount of the nutrient solution to the water retention sheet, and is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the flow rate adjustment means onto the water retention sheet. Adjust the water content at the lower end of the water-holding sheet so that it does not exceed the saturation level by installing a moisture sensor in the unit, and do not install a nutrient solution recovery / circulation device or install a simple object such as a tray. Is also possible. Alternatively, a system in which a very small amount of nutrient solution exceeding a small amount is circulated can be used.
  • the temperature around the fine roots of the plants in contact with the water retention sheet can be maintained at an appropriate temperature even in winter, thereby promoting the development of fine roots and feeding.
  • An effect is obtained in that the liquid absorption rate can be greatly improved and the yield can be improved.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of Example 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view showing a main part of the culture medium of Example 1.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponics system of Example 2.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view showing a cap of Example 2.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 3.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 4.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 5.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 6.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 7.
  • FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the inclination member of Example 7.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 8.
  • FIG. It is a top view which shows the cap of Example 9. It is a vertical side view in the DD line of FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged front view showing a main part of the culture medium of Example 11. It is a perspective view which shows an outer frame. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 11. FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 12.
  • FIG. 12 is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 12.
  • FIG. 13 It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 13.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 14.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 15.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 16.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 17.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 18.
  • FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the inclination member of Example 18.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 19.
  • FIG. 20 It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponics system of Example 20. It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponics system of Example 21. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 22.
  • FIG. 42 is a perspective view showing an outer frame of Example 23.
  • FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing an outer frame of Example 24.
  • FIG. 38 is a perspective view showing an outer frame of Example 25.
  • FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 48.
  • FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 48.
  • 22 is an enlarged plan view showing a cap of Example 31.
  • FIG. FIG. 52 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 51.
  • 32 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a cap of Example 32.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 1 includes a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101, a culture medium 102, a nutrient solution storage tank 103, a nutrient solution supply means 104, and a nutrient solution.
  • a liquid recovery means 105, a plant seedling or seed 106, a nutrient solution 107, and a guide member 108 are provided as main components.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is a cylinder having a square cross section in the first embodiment, and includes a vertical slit 111 for planting plant seedlings or seeds 106 on one side surface thereof. It is provided in a state where it is suspended on the ceiling or standing on the floor.
  • the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 can be created by opening the slit 111 or a plurality of openings in a shape that is easy to mold, such as a square or circular cross section.
  • an existing product such as BrightAgorotech's ZIPGROW (trademark).
  • the medium 102 is composed of a water retention sheet 121 and breathable materials 122 and 123 sandwiching both surfaces thereof, and is inserted and accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 so as to be inserted and removed.
  • the guide member 108 serves to properly guide the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 121.
  • the guide member 108 is provided in a state of being hooked on the front and rear edges of the upper end opening edge of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101, and is fed from the nutrient solution supply means 104.
  • a nutrient solution supply opening 108b is provided at the bottom of the wide upper end opening 108a for receiving the liquid via an inclined surface inclined toward the center.
  • the nutrient solution supply opening 108b is formed in a long slit shape along the longitudinal direction of the water retention sheet 121.
  • the nutrient solution supply means 104 includes a nutrient solution supply pump 141, and drops the nutrient solution at the lower end by dropping from the nutrient solution storage tank 103 into the upper end opening 108a of the guide member 108 via the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a.
  • the nutrient solution 107 is dropped onto the upper end of the water retention sheet 121 from the opening 108b.
  • the dropping rate of the nutrient solution 107 is preferably 0.05 g / second to 100 g / second. Particularly preferred is 0.1 g / second to 50 g / second.
  • one vertical hydroponic culture tube 101 increases as the number of the vertical hydroponic culture tubes 101 increases.
  • the dripping speed that can be distributed to the area must be small. Therefore, when the dropping speed is set to be small, plants can be cultivated in a large number of cultivation cylinders without using a high output and expensive pump.
  • the nutrient solution recovery means 105 includes a drain pan 151 that receives the nutrient solution 107 dropped from the lower end of the water retention sheet 121 and a nutrient solution recovery circulation pump 152, and the nutrient solution 107 that has accumulated in the drain pan 151 is recovered and circulated.
  • the nutrient solution storage tank 103 is collected and circulated by the pump 152.
  • the thickness of the water retaining sheet 121 is desirably 2 mm or more. That is, as the thickness is larger, the dripping nutrient solution 107 can be reliably dropped onto the water retention sheet 121.
  • the water retention sheet 121 is not necessarily a single sheet, and a plurality of sheets may be used in a stacked manner. For example, two or more sheets having a thickness of 1 mm may be stacked and sandwiched between the breathable materials 122 and 123.
  • the upper limit of the thickness is desirably up to 80%, more preferably up to 70% of the thickness of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101. If it becomes thicker than that, it will become heavy because there are too many nutrient solutions 107, and workability will become worse.
  • Example 1 Since the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 1 is configured as described above, a plurality of plants are provided between the water retention sheet 121 and the breathable material 122 or 123 as shown in FIGS.
  • the medium 102 By inserting the medium 102 into the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 with the seedling or seed 106 sandwiched therebetween, and dropping the nutrient solution 107 onto the upper end opening 108a of the guide member 108 by the nutrient solution supply pump 141.
  • the seedling or seed 106 grows by absorbing the nutrient solution 107 from the water retention sheet 121.
  • the medium 102 has a water retention sheet 121 and a breathable material 122, 123, and is divided into roles so that the water retention is low but the breathability is excellent and inexpensive, and the easy to supply / breathability is If it is low but excellent in water retention, inexpensive and easy to supply, it can be widely used and the range of materials can be selected. In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
  • Each vertical hydroponics cylinder is provided with one or more vertical slits or a plurality of openings for planting seedlings or seeds of plants in at least two directions of the vertical hydroponics apparatus. Can significantly increase the number of plant seedlings that can be cultivated and thus the production yield of plants.
  • a guide member 108 having a nutrient solution supply opening 108b at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 to the upper end of the water retention sheet 121.
  • the nutrient solution 107 can be reliably guided to the water retention sheet 121 without leaking in the direction of the breathable material 122, 123.
  • the nutrient solution lowering position slightly shifts to the left or right using a nutrient solution supply device with a large variation in the drop position of the nutrient solution 107, there is a risk that the nutrient solution that reaches the plant will decrease and die. Can be reduced.
  • the nutrient solution 107 can be collected in the water retention sheet 121 by a method in which the tip of the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a is sandwiched between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the moisture retention sheet 121 without using the above-described guide member 108.
  • the nutrient solution supply opening 108b portion of the guide member 108 can be made visible, so that it is easier to check whether the nutrient solution 107 is clogged. Thereby, a plant can be efficiently cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient drops.
  • the nutrient solution 107 can be dripped more reliably to the water retention sheet 121 by setting the thickness of the water retention sheet 121 to 2 mm or more. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the lower part of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is collected and provided with a nutrient solution collecting means 105 for collecting the nutrient solution 107 in the nutrient solution storage tank 103.
  • the nutrient solution collecting means 105 is a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • a drain pan 151 that collects the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the lower part of the 101 is provided, and the nutrient solution 107 collected in the drain pan 151 is circulated to the nutrient solution storage tank 103, so that the nutrient solution 107 can be efficiently used.
  • the cost for the nutrient solution 107 can be reduced.
  • the disposal of the nutrient solution 107 is less likely to place a burden on the environment.
  • the guide member 108 drops the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101.
  • the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a nourishing liquid supply opening 108b for guiding 107 to the upper end of the water-retaining sheet 121 is used as a funnel-type cap.
  • the guide member 108 as described above, as the guide member 108, the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is guided to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 121.
  • the open area of the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 can be greatly reduced, and the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 It can prevent dust (including mold spores) from entering the inside.
  • the cultivated plant grows higher than the upper end of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101, leaves and stems will enter the cultivation cylinder at harvest time etc. if it is not capped, and it will be left unattended. It becomes a breeding source of insects such as, and it rots.
  • the invasion of leaves and stems can be suppressed, and if only the cap is removed, the leaves and stems can be easily cleaned, and the risk of pest damage can be reduced by a simple method.
  • light can be prevented from entering the medium, generation of mold and algae into the medium can be suppressed. Even if it is a kind that does not cause disease to plants, if it continues to grow for a long time, the algae grows on the surface of the water retention sheet, not only the appearance impression worsens, but also the surface of the water retention sheet becomes hydrophobic and water retention capacity is reduced.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 3 is the same as that of Example 1 described above in that the nourishment liquid drop lower port 104 b of the nutrient solution supply means 104 touches the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 121. 2 is different.
  • the nutrient solution lowering port 104b of the nutrient solution supply unit 104 is in contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet 121, so that the nutrient solution 107 is directed toward the breathable materials 122 and 123. Without being leaked, the water retaining sheet 121 can be reliably dropped. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the upper end of the water retention sheet 121 is slightly protruded from the upper surfaces of the air-permeable materials 122 and 123, and the separate water retention sheet is placed on the upper side.
  • the third embodiment is different from the first to third embodiments in that a T-shaped water-retaining portion is formed by being mounted on the surface. The protruding length may be in contact with a separate sheet placed on the upper surface, and for example, about 1 mm is sufficient.
  • the nutrient solution 107 is guided to the lower part of the water retaining sheet 121 wherever the nutrient solution 107 falls on a separate water retaining sheet, that is, the upper surface portion of the T-shaped water retaining portion. , 123 can be reliably dropped by the water retaining sheet 121 without leaking in the direction. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • Example 5 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 5, as shown in FIG. 12, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 122 and 123 is placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 123. This is different from the first to fourth embodiments in that it is bent and mounted.
  • Example 5 as described above, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 122 and 123 is simply folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 123, thereby simply retaining the water retaining sheet.
  • a portion of the nutrient solution 107 is not lost to the breathable materials 122 and 123 side, and the nutrient solution 107 is folded and placed through the water retention sheet 121a.
  • the water retention sheet 121 does not necessarily have to be one continuous sheet. Even if two or more water-retaining sheets 121 are brought into contact with each other, the same effect can be obtained.
  • a breathable material can be obtained by placing a water retaining sheet of a size covering the top surface of the breathable material on a water retaining sheet 121a folded and placed on the breathable material 123 on one side as shown in FIG. No matter where the nutrient solution 107 drops, the nutrient solution 107 can be guided to the vicinity of the roots of the seedlings of the plant without loss.
  • the folded water-retaining sheet 121 a is thicker toward the tip so that the upper surface is centered on the water-retaining sheet 121. As described above, it is different from the sixth embodiment in that it is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward.
  • the thickness of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a is increased as it goes to the tip thereof, so that the upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center.
  • the time spent on the upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a is shortened compared to the case where there is no inclination, so that the nutrient solution 107 can be used efficiently.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 7 goes to the outside with at least the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center on the upper surface of the breathable material 123 on the folded water-retaining sheet 121 a side.
  • the present embodiment is different from the sixth and seventh embodiments in that it includes an inclined member 121b having an inclined upper surface that increases accordingly.
  • the inclined member 121b having an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center on at least the upper surface of the breathable material 123 on the folded water-retaining sheet 121a side.
  • the upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a becomes an inclined surface, and the jumping of the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the inclined surface to the outside is prevented, and the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 121a
  • the nutrient solution 107 can be used more efficiently by preventing leakage to the breathable material 123 and evaporation.
  • the raw material of the inclination member 121b is arbitrary, it is desirable that at least the upper surface of the inclination is made of a material having no air permeability.
  • the shape of the inclined member 121b is not limited to a substantially right triangle, but may be arbitrary as long as an inclined upper surface is formed.
  • the inclined upper surface of the inclined member 121b is not limited to a straight line, but may be a concave curved surface, for example.
  • Example 8 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of this Example 8, as shown in FIG. 16, the upper surface of the folded breathable material 123 on the water retention sheet 121 a side becomes higher as it goes outward with the water retention sheet 121 as the center. This is different from Examples 6 to 7 in that it is formed in a shape.
  • Example 108 as described above, the upper surface of the air-permeable material 123 on the folded water-retaining sheet 121a side is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher with the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center, and is bent.
  • the upper surface of the water-retaining sheet 121a formed as an inclined surface prevents the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the inclined surface from jumping to the outside, and the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 121a is applied to the breathable material 123. Leaking and evaporation can be prevented and the nutrient solution 107 can be used more efficiently.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the ninth embodiment includes a light shielding wall 109 that shields the upper end side of the medium 102 accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101.
  • a light shielding wall 109 that shields the upper end side of the medium 102 accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101.
  • the slit 111 or the opening surface side of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is closed.
  • Example 10 by providing the light shielding wall 109 that shields the upper end side of the culture medium 102, adhesion of dust (including mold spores) to the surface of the water retention sheet 121 is suppressed. It is possible to suppress the light from being applied to the surface of the water retention sheet 121, thereby suppressing the generation of mold and algae on the culture medium 102.
  • Experimental example 1 (reference example): Breathable materials 122 and 123 (material is polyethylene) having a thickness of 4.8 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a length of 150 cm are folded in half into two pieces, with a thickness of 2 mm between them.
  • a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 material is polyvinyl chloride
  • a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 having a square with a side of 10 cm in cross section and a slit 111 having a width of 2 cm at the center of the side is used.
  • Another one (75 cm in length) sandwiched with the same felt as described above (75 cm in length) was prepared, and a total of two pieces were filled in the cultivation cylinder.
  • Six vertical hydroponics cylinders 101 were prepared. Basil seedlings were planted on these vertical hydroponic cylinders.
  • the seedlings are planted in a 9 cm pot, and the plant height is 7-10 cm. After washing the soil from the roots with tap water, there are six (20 cm) gaps between the polyethylene and the felt (up and down breathability).
  • the basement of three basil seedlings for each material was sandwiched and inserted into the vertical hydroponic tube 101.
  • the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is suspended from the ceiling, and as shown in FIG. 20, passes through the center of the slit 111 of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101, and the cross section of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is equal in area.
  • the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 and the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a are arranged so that the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a comes on a line that is divided into two rectangles.
  • a drip tube 104d is connected to each nutrient solution supply pipe 104a via a cock 104c for opening and closing and controlling the amount of nutrient solution, so that the nutrient solution 107 can be dripped from the drip tube 104d.
  • Six vertical hydroponics cylinders 101 were prepared. (The dropping position is theoretically a position where the thickness of the water-retaining sheet 121 is accurately divided into two, but as shown in FIG. 6, the accuracy of the thickness of the breathable materials 122 and 123, the dropping tube connected under the cock 104c. There was some blurring in the left-right direction due to the warpage of 104d.) 2.
  • Experimental Example 2 (Comparative Example): A vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 equipped with basil seedlings is prepared in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that the medium 102 is sandwiched only in polyethylene without felt. The basil seedling basement was sandwiched between the two polyethylenes. Two vertical hydroponics cylinders 101 were prepared. 3. Experimental Example 3: The positional relationship between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the water retention sheet 121 is shown in FIG. The hydroponics cylinder 101 without the guide member 8 was prepared. 4). Experimental Example 4: A type hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 equipped with a basil seedling similar to that in Experimental Example 3 was prepared. After the above-described hydroponics cylinder 101 was suspended from the ceiling, a funnel-type cap as shown in FIG.
  • the positional relationship between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the water retention sheet 121 is as shown in FIG. In Experimental Example 3, there is no guide member 108, and in Example 3, the difference is that the guide member 108 shown in FIGS. 5.
  • Experimental Example 5 In FIGS. 17 and 18 (the mode of Example 9), the positional relationship between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the water retention sheet 121 is as shown in FIG. 6). While dripping a fertilizer nutrient solution (an aqueous solution in which OAT House No. 1 is dissolved to a concentration of 0.8 g / L) into the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 of Experimental Examples 1 to 4 at a rate of 20 g per minute for 3 days Cultivation was performed under light.
  • a fertilizer nutrient solution an aqueous solution in which OAT House No. 1 is dissolved to a concentration of 0.8 g / L
  • Experimental Example 2 (Comparative Example): One total of 12 seedlings of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 grew smoothly. In the first vertical hydroponic tube 101, one of six seedlings continued to grow, but five seedlings withered. In the second vertical hydroponics cylinder 101, 6 of 6 seedlings withered. Experimental Examples 3 to 5: All 6 seedlings out of 6 seedlings grew smoothly. 8). Comparative experiment result 2 3 days later: Experimental Example 3: The sheet has been colored brownish. Experimental Example 4: Although it is not as clear as Experimental Example 3, it has become slightly brown. Experimental Example 5: Coloring was not confirmed. 7 days later: Experimental Example 3: Coloring is darker than after 3 days. The sheet surface has become water-repellent. Experimental Example 4: Lighter color than Experimental Example 3.
  • the water retention performance on the surface is similar to that at the start (visual confirmation).
  • Experimental Example 5 Slightly colored. The water retention performance on the surface is similar to that at the start (visual confirmation). 42 days later:
  • Experimental example 3 Algae breed on the entire upper surface. The surface is hydrophobic, rather than being soaked in a water-holding cloth, it is in a state where it flows between the breathable material in the center and the water-holding sheet.
  • Experimental Example 4 The entire surface of the water retaining sheet bent on the upper surface is colored brown. The surface is hydrophilic and water retention is maintained.
  • Experimental Example 5 Only the periphery where the nutrient solution is dripped is slightly colored. The surface is hydrophilic and water retention is maintained.
  • the upper end opening edge of the cap is provided with a lid 110 that can freely open and close the upper end opening 108a of the cap.
  • a lid 110 that can freely open and close the upper end opening 108a of the cap.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is provided in a state of being hung on the ceiling of the house is shown, but it may be provided in a state of being erected on the floor surface.
  • the vertical slit 111 for planting the seedling or seed 106 of the plant is provided on one side of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101.
  • a plurality of slits or openings are provided in the vertical direction. May be.
  • artificial light such as LED can be used in addition to sunlight.
  • an artificial light device such as an LED is provided on the side surface of the slit 111 of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101.
  • Example 11 the vertical hydroponics system of Example 11 will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • a vertically long medium 1 composed of a water-retaining sheet 11 and breathable materials 12 and 13 sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, In the vicinity of both side edges of the water-holding sheet 11, leaving gaps W, W that are elongated in the longitudinal direction for planting plant seedlings or seeds 8 between the water-holding sheet 11 and the breathable materials 12, 13, respectively.
  • the nutrient solution 6 is supplied from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the water retention sheet 11. It is comprised so that may be dripped.
  • a plurality of binding bands 31 that are wound and tightened around the outer peripheries of the outer frames 2 and 2 are used in the present Example 11. It is used.
  • the outer frames 2 and 2 are provided in a state of being hung on a hanging pipe 9a provided along a ceiling of a house or the like via a hanging member (wire or string) 9b.
  • the hanging member 9b is preferably a flexible material that can be twisted or has a structure that includes a rotatable shaft portion. This makes it possible to harvest the two sides from the same place, improving work efficiency.
  • the nutrient solution supply means 5 includes a nutrient solution supply pump 51 and drops the nutrient solution 6 from the nutrient solution storage tank 4 to the upper end of the water retention sheet 11 through the nutrient solution supply pipe 5a.
  • the dropping rate of the nutrient solution 6 is preferably 0.05 g / second to 100 g / second. Particularly preferred is 0.1 g / second to 50 g / second. If it is less than 0.05 g / sec, even if the nutrient solution 6 is dropped on the water retention sheet 11, the water retention sheet 11 is dried by evaporation, and a sufficient amount of the nutrient solution 6 is not supplied to the plant roots.
  • the nutrient solution 6 that cannot be held in the water-retaining sheet 11 flows out onto the plant surface and wets the floor. Further, when the outflow of the liquid through the plant lasts for a long time, the entire amount of the circulating nutrient solution is consumed, and the supplied nutrient solution 6 is depleted and the plant is withered.
  • the nutrient solution 6 pumped up by one pump is circulated and used in the vertical hydroponic culture facility, the number of outer frames 2 and 2 increases as the number of outer frames 2 and 2 increases. The dropping speed must be small. Therefore, when the dropping speed is set to be small, plants can be cultivated in a large number of cultivation cylinders without using a high output and expensive pump.
  • the nutrient solution recovery means 7 includes a drain pan 71 that receives the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the lower end of the water retention sheet 11, and a nutrient solution recovery circulation pump 72, and the nutrient solution 6 collected in the drain pan 71 is recovered and circulated.
  • the pump 72 collects and circulates it in the nutrient solution storage tank 4.
  • the thickness of the water retaining sheet 11 is desirably 2 mm or more. That is, the larger the thickness, the more reliably the dripping nutrient solution 6 can be dripped onto the water retention sheet 11.
  • seat 11 does not necessarily need to be 1 sheet
  • the upper limit of the thickness is desirably up to 80%, more preferably up to 70% of the thickness of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 1. When it becomes thicker than that, it will become heavy because there are too many nutrient solutions 6 included, and workability
  • Example 11 Since the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 11 is configured as described above, as shown in FIGS. 21 to 25, the outer frame 2, between the two, near the both side edges of the water retention sheet, respectively.
  • the nutrient solution 6 is supplied to the water retention sheet 211 by the nutrient solution supply pump 51.
  • the seedling or seed 8 grows by absorbing the nutrient solution 6 from the water retention sheet 11.
  • the culture medium 1 is composed of the water retention sheet 11 for planting plant seedlings or seeds 8 and the breathable materials 12 and 13 sandwiching both sides thereof. Then, by dripping the nutrient solution 6 onto the upper end of the water retention sheet 11, water and oxygen are reliably supplied to the roots of plant seedlings or seeds 8 sandwiched between the water retention sheet 11 and the breathable materials 12 and 13. Since it is supplied, it is possible to prevent cultivated plants from withering and root rot.
  • the medium 1 has a two-part configuration of the water-retaining sheet 21 and the breathable materials 12 and 13 to share the roles, so that the water retention is low but the breathability is excellent and inexpensive, and the easy-to-feed and breathable If it is low but excellent in water retention, inexpensive and easy to supply, it can be widely used and the range of materials can be selected. In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
  • the connecting member 3 that connects the outer frames 2 and 2 is detachably connected between the outer frames 2 and 2 by a binding band, the two-part water-retaining sheet 11 and the air permeability are provided. Assembling of the materials 12 and 13 and parts replacement work can be performed efficiently.
  • the volume can be reduced to about half that of a conventional cultivation tube during transportation, and there is a merit that less space is required for storage as stock. Yes.
  • the nutrient solution 6 can be dripped more reliably to the water-retaining sea 11 by setting the thickness of the water-retaining sheet 11 to 2 mm or more. This makes it possible to grow plants with the minimum amount of nutrient drops required
  • the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the lower part of the water retention sheet 11 is collected, and the nutrient solution collecting means 7 for collecting the nutrient solution 6 in the nutrient solution storage tank 4 is provided.
  • the nutrient solution recovery means 7 is dripped from the lower part of the water retention sheet 11.
  • the fixing means 10 has a structure for fixing the solution supply pipe 5a to the suspension member (wire or string) 9b.
  • the structure of the fixing means 10 is arbitrary.
  • the dropping tube 5d is directly fixed to the culture medium 1 and the outer frames 2 and 2.
  • the fixing means 10 that fixes the nutrient liquid drop lower port 5b at the lower end of the nutrient solution supply pipe 5a in the nutrient solution supply means 5 so as to be positioned directly above the water retention sheet 11, It becomes possible to effectively collect the nutrient solution 6 without losing the water retaining sheet 11 reliably. Therefore, it is possible to use a pump having a small capacity as a pump used for supplying or circulating the nutrient solution 6, thereby reducing facility costs and running costs.
  • Example 13 the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 13 is the above Example 11 in that the nourishment liquid drop lower port 5 b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 is in contact with the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 11. , 12 is different.
  • the nutrient solution 6 is directed in the direction of the breathable materials 12 and 13 by bringing the nutrient droplet lower port 5b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 into contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet 11. Without being leaked, the water retaining sheet 11 can be reliably dropped. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • Example 14 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 14, as shown in FIG. 28, the nourishment liquid drop lower port 5b of the nourishment liquid supply means 5 is sandwiched between the water retention sheet 11 and the upper end portions of one of the breathable materials 12. This is different from the above-mentioned Examples 11 to 13.
  • Example 14 as described above, the nutrient droplet lower port 5b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 is sandwiched between the water retention sheet 11 and the air permeable material 12, so that the nutrient solution is reliably supplied to the water retention sheet 11. Can be supplied to. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • Example 15 the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 15 is different from the above Examples 11 to 14 in that the upper end of the water retention sheet 11 protrudes from the upper surfaces of the air-permeable materials 12 and 13. Is different.
  • the nutrient solution 6 is directed in the direction of the breathable materials 12 and 13 by bringing the nutrient droplet lower port 5b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 into contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet 11. Without being leaked, the water retaining sheet 11 can be reliably dropped. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • Example 16 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 16, as shown in FIG. 30, the upper end portion of the water retention sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 12 and 13 is placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 13. This is different from the above-mentioned Examples 11 to 15 in that it is bent and mounted.
  • Example 16 as described above, the upper end portion of the water-retaining sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 12 and 13 is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 13, so that the water-retaining sheet is simply used.
  • the water retention sheet 11 does not necessarily have to be one continuous sheet. Even when two or more water-retaining sheets 11 are brought into contact with each other, the same effect can be obtained.
  • a breathable material can be obtained by stacking and placing a water retaining sheet of a size covering the top surface of the breathable material on the water retaining sheet 11a folded and placed on the breathable material 13 on one side as shown in FIG. No matter where the nutrient solution 6 drops, the nutrient solution 6 can be guided to the vicinity of the root of the seedling of the plant without loss.
  • Example 11 can illustrate the structure as shown in FIG. When all the materials used are manufactured with high accuracy, the nutrient solution is dropped on the water retention sheet only with this configuration. However, when the commercially available polyethylene was used as the breathable materials 12 and 13, it was found that the thickness was uneven. There was also a blur in the warping of the drip tube 5d. If the position of the tube to which the liquid is dropped is set to a position that accurately divides the distance from the left end of 12 (1) in FIG. 22 to the right end of 13 (1) into two, the same as 12 (1) and 13 (1) If the material is used, it should theoretically have the same thickness, so the liquid should be able to be dropped onto the water-retaining sheet placed in the center.
  • the folded water-retaining sheet 11a is thicker toward the tip so that its upper surface is centered on the water-retaining sheet 11.
  • the embodiment 16 is different from the embodiment 16 in that it is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher toward the outside.
  • the thickness of the folded water-retaining sheet 11a is increased as it goes to the tip, so that the top surface becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as the center.
  • Example 18 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 18, as shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, at least the upper surface of the breathable material 13 on the side of the water-retaining sheet 11 a that is bent goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as the center.
  • the present embodiment is different from the above-described Embodiments 16 and 17 in that it includes an inclined member 11b having an inclined upper surface that increases accordingly.
  • the inclined member 11a having the inclined upper surface that increases as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as the center on the upper surface of the breathable material 13 on the side of the water-retaining sheet 11a that is folded at least.
  • the upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 11a becomes an inclined surface and prevents the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the inclined surface from jumping to the outside, and the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 11a. Leakage and evaporation to the breathable material 13 can be prevented, and the nutrient solution 6 can be used more efficiently.
  • the raw material of the inclination member 11b is arbitrary, it is desirable that at least the upper surface of the inclination is made of a material having no air permeability.
  • the shape of the inclined member 11b is not limited to a substantially right triangle as long as an inclined upper surface is formed, and is arbitrary.
  • the inclined upper surface of the inclined member 11b is not limited to a straight line, but may be a concave curved surface, for example.
  • Example 19 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 19, as shown in FIG. 34, the upper surface of the folded breathable material 13 on the water retention sheet 11 a side becomes higher as it goes to the outside centering on the water retention sheet 11. This is different from the above Examples 16 to 18 in that it is formed in a shape.
  • the upper surface of the breathable material 13 on the side of the water-retaining sheet 11a that is folded is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as a center.
  • the upper surface of the water-retaining sheet 11a is an inclined surface, and prevents the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the inclined surface from jumping to the outside, and the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 11a is applied to the breathable material 13.
  • the nutrient solution 6 can be used more efficiently by preventing leakage and evaporation.
  • the nutrient solution supply means 5 includes a flow rate adjusting means 52 for adjusting the nutrient solution supply amount to the water retention sheet 11, and the flow rate adjustment is performed.
  • the nutrient solution 6 is dripped onto the water retention sheet 11 from the means 52, the moisture content sensor 14 is provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11, and the flow rate adjustment means 52 includes the electric valve 52 a and the moisture content sensor.
  • the above-mentioned Examples 11 to 19 are configured by a nutrient solution supply amount control means 52b for controlling the water retention amount at the lower end portion of the water retention sheet 11 by automatically controlling the electric valve 52a with a signal from 14. It is different.
  • the water content sensor 14 measures the water content at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11 and is provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11. The amount of moisture measured by the moisture amount sensor 14 is displayed on the moisture meter 14a.
  • the flow rate adjusting means 52 adjusts the dripping amount of the nutrient solution 6 onto the water retention sheet 11.
  • the electric valve 52 a and the electric valve 52 a are automatically controlled by a signal from the moisture sensor 14.
  • nutrient solution supply amount control means 52b for controlling the water retention amount at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11 so as to become saturated.
  • the drain pan 14b which receives the nutrient solution 6 dripped from the water retention sheet
  • seat 11 exceeds a saturated state Liquid 6 can be accommodated.
  • evaporation of the nutrient solution 6 is suppressed by accommodating the water retaining material 14c in the drain pan 14b.
  • the nutrient solution supply means 5 is provided with the flow rate adjusting means 52 for adjusting the supply amount of the nutrient solution to the water retention sheet 11, and the nutrient solution 6 is retained by the flow rate adjusting means 52. It is comprised so that it may be dripped at the sheet
  • the electric valve 52a and the nutrient solution supply amount control unit 52b are provided as the flow rate adjusting unit 52, so that the electric valve 52a is automatically controlled and the nutrient solution amount can be automatically adjusted to an appropriate amount. it can. Thereby, including the case where it controls by the remote operation from the outside of a cultivation house, it can adjust automatically the amount of nutrient solution without being delayed even for sudden weather and temperature fluctuations.
  • Example 21 The vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 21 is different from Example 20 in that a manual valve 52c is used as the flow rate adjusting means 52 as shown in FIG.
  • a manual valve 52c is used as the flow rate adjusting means 52 as shown in FIG.
  • Example 22 The vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 22 is different from Examples 11 to 21 in that the thermal heater 10 is provided in contact with the water retention sheet 21 as shown in FIG. .
  • the temperature around the fine root of the plant in contact with the water-retaining sheet 11 is kept at an appropriate temperature even in winter by providing the thermal heater 15 in contact with the water-retaining sheet 11.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 23 differs from the above Examples 11 to 22 in that it includes a top plate portion 21 that covers the upper end surfaces of the outer frames 2 and 2. It is a thing. Therefore, in this Example 23, it is possible to prevent dust from entering the both outer frames 2 and 2 and to block sunlight, thereby suppressing the generation of algae and mold in the culture medium 1. .
  • the top plate portion 21 is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames 2 and 2. This is different from the above Examples 11 to 23. Therefore, in this Example 24, if the water retaining sheet is disposed at a position where it contacts any one of the inclined surfaces, the nutrient solution 6 can be reliably placed on the water retaining cloth even if the nutrient solution 6 drops on any part on the slope. To be able to supply intensively.
  • both outer frames 2 and 2 are substantially semicircular in cross section, and the upper and lower ends of both outer frames 2 and 2 are This is different from the above-described Examples 11 to 24 in that a part is brought into contact with each other.
  • the gaps W and W are below a certain distance in the vertical direction in order to plant seedlings or seeds 8 between the two outer frames 2 and 2. This is different from the above Examples 11 to 25 in that a plurality of them are formed.
  • a system having a continuous vertical slit as shown in Examples 11 to 25 or a vertically long opening for receiving two or more seedlings is provided in advance as in Example 26 and the system of Patent Document 2.
  • a series of vertical slits is particularly excellent in that it can flexibly cope with the number of seedlings and the strain.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 27 is different from the above Examples 11 to 26 in that the connecting means 3 has a structure in which the outer frames 2 and 2 are detachably engaged. Is different. That is, in the embodiment 27, the engaging claws 32 and 33 meshing with each other are provided at both end portions of both the outer frames 2 and 2, and the engaging state between the engaging claws 32 and 33 is maintained. . In addition, although the location and the number of both engaging claws 32 and 33 are arbitrary, it is desirable to provide at least near the upper and lower ends of the outer frames 2 and 2. Therefore, in the connecting means 3 of the embodiment 27, the attaching / detaching operation between the both outer frames 2 and 2 can be easily performed.
  • Example 28 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 28, as shown in FIG. 43, the gap W between the split outer frames 2 and 2 is formed only in the vicinity of one side edge of the water retention sheet 11. However, this is different from Examples 11 to 27. Therefore, in Example 28, the same effects as in Examples 11 to 27 can be obtained except that the amount of plant cultivation is small.
  • a comparison experiment was conducted between the cultivation system corresponding to Example 28 and the cultivation system corresponding to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-119392.
  • the cultivation system corresponding to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-1113927 is different from the embodiment 28 in that the finished shape is the same as that in FIG. 43, but is an integrated tube with a slit that cannot be divided into two pieces.
  • sample A was prepared as a cultivation system corresponding to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-1113927 and sample B was prepared as a cultivation system corresponding to Example 28 of the present application by the following method.
  • Sample preparation method (1) Prepare a split-type vertical hydroponic cylinder (material is polyvinyl chloride) that has a 10 cm square on one side, a 1 cm wide slit (gap) on one side, and a length of 150 cm did.
  • a breathable material (polyethylene) with a thickness of 4.8 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a length of 150 cm is folded into two pieces in half, and a polyester felt (water-retaining sheet) with a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 9 cm, and a length of 70 cm in between. ) was placed between the breathable material and the water-retaining material, and the basil seedlings were opened by 20 cm between the strains, and 3 seedlings were sandwiched between them. Two sets of the above were prepared.
  • One side of the cross-section is a square of 10 cm, a slit (gap) having a width of 1 cm on one side, and a split-type vertical hydroponics cylinder having a length of 150 cm is filled in a state where two are stacked vertically, Sample A was designated.
  • a vertical hydroponics cylinder material is polyvinyl chloride
  • a slit (gap) having a width of 1 cm on one side and a length of 150 cm on one side and a slit (gap).
  • Were cut with an electric saw so as to divide the surface on the opposite side of the side surface having a vertical shape into two, and two substantially U-shaped outer frames were prepared.
  • Two sheets of breathable material having a thickness of 4.8 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a length of 150 cm were prepared, and one of the sheets was placed in a direction that fits inside one substantially U-shaped outer frame.
  • a polyester felt with a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 9 cm and a length of 150 cm is placed on the polyethylene sheet so that the ground part of the basil faces in the direction corresponding to the slit (gap), and the vertical direction
  • the basil seedling 6 was placed on the water-retaining sheet so that the interval was the same as that of the sample A, and another polyethylene sheet was placed from above.
  • Sample B was wound with a binding band of a different type. Comparative experiment 1: Samples A and B were cultivated for 3 months under sunlight with the apparatus shown in FIGS. 21 and 28, and then sample A was pulled out using a hook. For sample B, the binding band was loosened and removed, the outer frame was opened, and the medium was taken out. Sample A was able to be taken out by pulling the hook with both hands while holding the cultivation cylinder with the feet.
  • sample B since the binding band was only loosened, it was possible to remove the medium with only the hand. Further, the breathable material after taking out was deformed by extending the portion to which the hook was applied in Sample A. When the same three-month cultivation was repeated three times, it was confirmed by using other samples carried out under the same conditions that a medium with a tearing edge came out. In sample B, although it was used for the same number of times cultivation test, since the noticeable deterioration of the breathable material was not seen, it was confirmed that the present invention is superior in operability and durability during seedling replacement. It was. Comparative experiment 2: Samples A and B were each rubbed with a sponge containing a hyter solution to remove algae attached to the inside and washed with water.
  • the time required to wash one set of cultivation tubes was 5 minutes for sample A and 2 minutes for sample B.
  • the sample A was out of reach, it was necessary to attach a thin stick to the sponge.
  • the present invention is overwhelmingly easier to operate in terms of ease of washing.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 29 has the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the nutrient solution supply means 5 at the upper end openings of both outer frames 2 and 2 connected to each other.
  • seat 11 in a lower end part is different from the said Examples 11-28.
  • the guide member 16 serves to properly guide the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the upper end openings of the outer cylinders 2, 2 to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 11. As shown in detail in FIG.
  • the guide member 16 is provided in a state of being hooked on the front and rear edges of the upper end opening edges of the outer cylinders 2, 2, and the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution supply means 5
  • a nourishing liquid supply opening 16b is provided at the bottom of the wider upper end opening 16a for receiving 6 through an inclined surface inclined toward the center.
  • the nutrient solution supply opening 16b is formed in a long slit shape along the longitudinal direction of the water retention sheet 11.
  • the lower end of the nutrient solution supply opening 16b for guiding the nutrient solution 7 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 4 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 1 to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 21 By providing the guide member 16 in the part, the nutrient solution 6 can be reliably guided to the water retention sheet 11 without leaking in the direction of the breathable material 12, 13. As a result, even if the nutrient solution lowering position slightly shifts to the left and right using a nutrient solution supply device with a large variation in the drop position of the nutrient solution 6, there is a risk that the nutrient solution that reaches the plant will decrease and die. Can be reduced.
  • the nutrient solution 6 can be collected in the water retention sheet 11 by a method in which the tip of the nutrient solution supply pipe 5a is sandwiched between the breathable materials 12 and 13 and the moisture retention sheet 11 without using the guide member 16 described above.
  • the nutrient solution supply opening 16b portion of the guide portion 19 can be made visible, so that it is easier to check whether the nutrient solution 6 is clogged. Thereby, a plant can be efficiently cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient drops.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 30 has a nutrient solution 6 in which the guide member 16 drops from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the upper end openings of both outer frames 2 and 2.
  • a nourishing liquid supply opening 16b that guides the water retention sheet 11 to the upper end of the water retention sheet 11 is used.
  • the nutrient solution 6 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the upper end openings of the outer frames 2 and 2 is guided to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 11 as the guide member 16.
  • a funnel-type cap having the nutrient solution supply opening 16b at the lower end, the open area of the upper ends of the outer frames 2 and 2 can be greatly reduced.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 31 has a light shielding wall 16c in which the cap shields the upper end side of the culture medium 1 accommodated in the outer frames 2 and 2.
  • the cap shields the upper end side of the culture medium 1 accommodated in the outer frames 2 and 2.
  • at least a part of the side surface portion not surrounded by the outer frames 2 and 2 is closed. Therefore, in Example 31, as described above, by providing the light-shielding wall 16c that shields the upper end side of the culture medium 1, adhesion of dust (including mold spores) to the surface of the water-retaining sheet 11 is suppressed.
  • the surface of the water-retaining sheet 11 is prevented from being exposed to light, whereby the generation of mold and algae on the medium 1 can be suppressed.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 32 is provided with a lid 16d that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap at the upper end opening edge of the cap. Is different. Therefore, in this embodiment 32, the lid 16d that can be closed is provided, and when the outer frames 2 and 2 are not used, the mouth of the guide member 16 is completely closed, so that dust (mold) can enter the cap. (Including spores) can be prevented.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 1 is provided in a state of being suspended from the ceiling of the house is shown, but it may be provided in a state of being erected on the floor surface.
  • the outer frame is exemplified by a substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular cross section, but if the cross section surrounds the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion.
  • the specific shape is arbitrary.
  • the binding band 31 that can be loosened is used as the connecting member 3, but magic tape (registered trademark), wire, string, tape, or the like can also be used. Further, a large amount of binding can be performed in a short time by using an automatic binding machine. In the case of binding with a hot melting band, which is also used in an automatic binding machine, it can be cut with scissors when it is removed, making it easy to divide and clean the cultivation cylinder.
  • artificial light such as LED can be used in addition to sunlight.
  • artificial light devices such as LEDs are provided on the surfaces of the gaps W, W of the main cultivation system.
  • a split outer frame sandwiches a water retaining sheet between the breathable materials It is easy to carry out the method of assembling the enclosed cultivation tube first without a plant and inserting it between the breathable material and the water retaining sheet, and even if the planting work is carried out by one person, it does not take time It becomes possible to carry out easily.
  • the ability to increase the number of cultivated plants without raising the seedling space or seedling period if the cuttings are cut from the plants cultivated for harvesting in the surrounding area also contributes to reducing the work.
  • by using a method of planting both sides of the plant attached to the water retaining sheet with a breathable material it is easy to plant even if you want to transplant in a state where the plant height is high or the underground part is developed to some extent Work can be done.
  • SYMBOLS 101 Vertical hydroponics cylinder 111 Slit 102 Medium 121 Water retentive sheet 121a Folded water retentive sheet 121b Inclined member 122 Breathable material 123 Breathable material 103 Nutrient solution storage tank 104 Nutrient solution supply means 104a Nutrient solution supply pipe 104b Nutrient solution Dripping port 104c Cock 104d Dropping tube 141 Nutrient solution supply pump 105 Nutrient solution recovery means 151 Drain pan 152 Nutrient solution recovery circulation pump 106 Plant seedling or seed 107 Nutrient solution 108 Guide member 108a Upper end opening 108b Nutrient solution supply opening 109 Shielding wall DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 Cover body 1 Medium 11 Water retention sheet 11a Bended water retention sheet 11b Inclined member 12 Breathable material 13 Breathable material 2 Outer frame 21 Top plate part 3 Connecting member 31 Binding band ( Connecting member) 32 engaging claw (connecting member) 33 engaging

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention fournit un système et un procédé de culture hydroponique verticale qui inhibe la pourriture des racines d'une plante cultivée, et qui permet de cultiver de manière efficace une plante avec un faible apport en solution nutritive. Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un système de culture hydroponique verticale qui est équipé : d'un tuyau de culture hydroponique verticale (101) qui pend depuis le plafond d'une serre ou qui est installé debout au sol ; d'un milieu de culture (102) qui est admis de manière amovible dans le tuyau de culture hydroponique verticale (101) ; et d'un moyen d'apport en solution nutritive (104) qui apporte une solution nutritive (107) d'un réservoir d'admission de solution nutritive (103) vers le milieu de culture (102). Le tuyau de culture hydroponique verticale (101) est équipé d'au moins une fente (111) de direction orthogonale ou d'une pluralité de parties ouverture destinée à planter un plant de semis ou semer des graines (106) au moins dans une direction. Le milieu de culture (102) est configuré par une feuille de rétention d'eau (121), et des matériaux perméables à l'air (122, 123) enserrant les deux faces de la feuille de rétention d'eau (121), et est équipé d'un élément de guidage (108) qui possède au niveau d'une partie extrémité inférieure une partie ouverture pour apport en solution nutritive (108b) guidant vers une partie extrémité supérieure de la feuille de rétention d'eau (121) la solution nutritive (107) s'égouttant dudit moyen d'apport en solution nutritive (104) dans une partie ouverture d'extrémité supérieure dudit tuyau de culture hydroponique verticale (101).
PCT/JP2019/004377 2018-02-07 2019-02-07 Système et procédé de culture hydroponique verticale WO2019156151A1 (fr)

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