WO2019156151A1 - Vertical hydroponics system and vertical hydroponics method - Google Patents

Vertical hydroponics system and vertical hydroponics method Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019156151A1
WO2019156151A1 PCT/JP2019/004377 JP2019004377W WO2019156151A1 WO 2019156151 A1 WO2019156151 A1 WO 2019156151A1 JP 2019004377 W JP2019004377 W JP 2019004377W WO 2019156151 A1 WO2019156151 A1 WO 2019156151A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nutrient solution
vertical
water
sheet
hydroponic cultivation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/004377
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
勝義 長瀬
坂口　浩二
のぞみ 長島
亮 高倉
Original Assignee
勝義 長瀬
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 勝義 長瀬 filed Critical 勝義 長瀬
Priority to CN201980022020.XA priority Critical patent/CN111918550B/en
Priority to JP2019565029A priority patent/JP6707245B2/en
Publication of WO2019156151A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019156151A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vertical hydroponic cultivation system and a vertical hydroponic cultivation method.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of hollow hydroponic cultivation towers (vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinders) and irrigation means for supplying a nutrient solution to the medium material in the hollow hydroponic cultivation tower (nutrient supply) Means).
  • the said hollow hydroponics tower is a structure provided with the groove part (vertical direction slit or opening part) for planting the seedling of a plant in the one side
  • a medium material selected from granular medium, styrofoam, polyurethane foam, plastic mesh, rock wool, coconut fiber, wicking strip, cultivation bag and vermiculite is inserted into the hollow hydroponics tower.
  • a hollow tube filled with a medium such as a nonwoven fabric is provided in a storage tank filled with a nutrient solution. It has a structure in which a nutrient solution is supplied to a medium in which plants are planted by standing upright and ejecting air from a lower end portion of a liquid feeding tube installed in a hollow tube (see Patent Document 2).
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Patent Document 3 is a plurality of vertical hydroponic cultivation tubes suspended on the ceiling of the house or standing on the floor, and a medium accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation tube so as to be removable.
  • a nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution to the culture medium from the nutrient solution storage tank;
  • a medium that is removably accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder is sandwiched between a water retention sheet for planting plant seedlings and both surfaces thereof.
  • the nutrient solution is dripped onto the upper end of the water retention sheet, so that moisture is reliably supplied to the roots of plant seedlings sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the breathable material. Therefore, the plant does not wither even if a large amount of nutrient solution is not dropped on the medium with a high-power pump.
  • oxygen is reliably supplied to the roots of plant seedlings sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the breathable material, root decay of the cultivated plants can be prevented.
  • the medium has a two-part structure consisting of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material. It has the effect that it can be widely used from excellent and inexpensive ones that can be easily supplied, and the range of choice of materials can be expanded.
  • the plants may be rubbed by the slit helicopter when pulling them in. Or, it was necessary to divide a number of people to share the work of protecting the ground and pulling in the medium.
  • a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder that has been cultivated a large amount of force is required to draw out a medium in which the underground portion of the plant that has enlarged during cultivation is sandwiched.
  • washing vertical hydroponic cylinders for repeated use it was difficult to wash because there were only narrow slit-shaped empty portions, and it was difficult to check whether they were washed properly.
  • the conventional technique has various problems in workability. Furthermore, in order to hook and remove with a hook or the like, if the portion where the hook is hooked is repeatedly used, it stretches or tears, and there is a problem in durability.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is to prevent root rot of cultivated plants and to cultivate plants efficiently by supplying a small amount of nutrient solution, or vertical hydroponics that can be cultivated with high yield
  • the object is to provide a cultivation system and a vertical hydroponics method.
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is a series of operations such as preparatory work for cultivation such as plant seedling or seed planting, removal during cultivation period, removal after cultivation, and washing of the outer frame after removal
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention is accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation tube suspended on the ceiling of the house or erected on the floor, and detachable in the vertical hydroponic cultivation tube.
  • a vertical hydroponics system comprising a culture medium and a nutrient solution supply means for supplying nutrient solution to the culture medium from a nutrient solution storage tank,
  • the vertical hydroponics tube comprises one or more vertical slits or a plurality of openings for planting plant seedlings or seeds in at least one direction thereof,
  • the medium is composed of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof,
  • a guide member having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end of the water retention sheet at the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder; It is characterized by.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
  • the guide member is a funnel-type cap having, at the lower end, a nutrient solution supply opening that guides the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
  • the nutrient solution supply opening may touch the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The thickness of the water retention sheet may be 2 mm or more.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The upper end of the water retention sheet may protrude from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The upper end of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials, The nutrient solution may be configured to be dripped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The folded water-retaining sheet is formed in an inclined shape that increases in thickness as it goes to the tip, and its upper surface becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet as the center,
  • the nutrient solution may be configured to be dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the folded water-retaining sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is At least an inclined member having an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes to the outside centering on the water retaining sheet on the upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the water retaining sheet that is folded,
  • the nutrient solution may be configured to be dripped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the folded water-retaining sheet is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet as the center,
  • the nutrient solution may be configured to be dripped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
  • the cap may be provided with a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder in a state of closing the slit or the opening surface side of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
  • the upper end opening edge of the cap may be provided with a lid that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention includes a vertical hydroponic cultivation tube suspended on the ceiling of a house or standing on a floor, a medium accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation tube so as to be removable, and a nutrient solution
  • a nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution from the storage tank to the culture medium
  • the vertical hydroponics tube comprises one or more vertical slits or a plurality of openings for planting plant seedlings or seeds in at least one direction thereof,
  • the medium is composed of a water retention sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof,
  • a guide member having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder at the upper end of the water retention sheet;
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
  • the guide member is a funnel-shaped cap having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder at the upper end of the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
  • the nutrient solution supply opening may be brought into contact with the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The thickness of the water retention sheet may be 2 mm or more.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is In some cases, the upper end of the water retaining sheet protrudes from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials, There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening to the folded water-retaining sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The folded water-retaining sheet is formed in a slanted shape so that its upper surface goes higher with the water-retaining sheet as the center by increasing its thickness as it goes to the tip, There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is At least an inclined member having an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes to the outside centering on the water retaining sheet on the upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the water retaining sheet that is folded, There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the folded water retaining sheet is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water retaining sheet as the center, There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
  • the cap may be provided with a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder in a state of closing the slit or the opening surface side of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
  • the upper end opening edge of the cap may be provided with a lid that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention includes a vertically long medium composed of a water retaining sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and one side edge of the water retaining sheet.
  • a pair of split outer frames in which one or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds are planted between the water-retaining sheet and the breathable material in the vicinity, and the culture medium is sandwiched from both breathable materials, and both outer frames
  • the cross sections of the outer frames are substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion, It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention comprises a vertically long medium composed of a water retentive sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and a water retentive sheet and a breathable part near both side edges of the water retentive sheet, respectively.
  • One or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between the material and a pair of split outer frames sandwiching the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and the outer frames are detachably connected.
  • the cross sections of the outer frames are substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion, It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is There may be a top plate portion that covers at least a part of the upper end surfaces of both outer frames. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is There is a case where the top plate is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics system described in the present invention is
  • the space for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between both outer frames may be formed in a state of being elongated in the vertical direction.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is In order to plant plant seeds or seeds between the two outer frames, a plurality of gaps may be formed under a certain interval in the vertical direction.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is in some cases, the connecting means has a structure in which the outer frames are detachably engaged.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is in some cases, the connecting means is a binding band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of the outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is in some cases, the connecting means is a hot-melt band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of both outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is There may be a case where a fixing means for fixing the nutrient liquid drop outlet of the nutrient solution supply means so as to be positioned right above the water retention sheet is provided.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is There is a case where the lowering mouth of the nutrient solution supply means touches the water retaining sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is In some cases, the nutrient solution lowering port of the nutrient solution supply means is sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the upper end of one of the breathable materials.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The lower end portion has a nutrient solution supply opening for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet at the upper end opening portion of the vertically long columnar body formed of both the outer frames and the culture medium connected to each other.
  • a guide member may be provided.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The guide member may be a funnel-type cap having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end openings of both outer frames to the upper end of the water retention sheet. .
  • the cap may include a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium contained in both outer frames in a state in which at least a part of the side surface portion not surrounded by both outer frames is closed.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is The upper end of the water retention sheet may protrude from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is In some cases, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
  • the nutrient solution supply means includes a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the nutrient solution supply amount to the water retention sheet, and is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the flow rate adjustment means onto the water retention sheet.
  • a water content sensor may be provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is A thermal heater may be provided in contact with the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention comprises a vertically long medium composed of a water retentive sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and a water retentive sheet and a breathability near one side edge of the water retentive sheet.
  • One or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between the material and a pair of split outer frames sandwiching the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and the outer frames are detachably connected.
  • the cross section of both outer frames is substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion, It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention comprises a vertically long medium composed of a water retentive sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and a water retentive sheet and a breathability in the vicinity of both side edges of the water retentive sheet, respectively.
  • One or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between the material and a pair of split outer frames sandwiching the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and the outer frames are detachably connected.
  • the cross section of both outer frames is substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion, It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is There may be a top plate portion that covers at least a part of the upper end surfaces of both outer frames. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is There is a case where the top plate is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The space for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between both outer frames may be formed in a state of being elongated in the vertical direction.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is In order to plant plant seeds or seeds between the two outer frames, a plurality of gaps may be formed under a certain interval in the vertical direction.
  • the connecting means has a structure in which the outer frames are detachably engaged.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is in some cases, the connecting means is a binding band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of the outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is in some cases, the connecting means is a hot-melt band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of both outer frames.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is There may be a case where a fixing means for fixing the nutrient liquid drop outlet of the nutrient solution supply means so as to be positioned right above the water retention sheet is provided.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is There is a case where the lowering mouth of the nutrient solution supply means touches the water retaining sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is In some cases, the nutrient solution lowering port of the nutrient solution supply means is sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the upper end of one of the breathable materials.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The lower end portion has a nutrient solution supply opening for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet at the upper end opening portion of the vertically long columnar body formed of both the outer frames and the culture medium connected to each other.
  • a guide member may be provided.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The guide member may be a funnel-type cap having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end openings of both outer frames to the upper end of the water retention sheet. .
  • the cap may include a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium contained in both outer frames in a state in which at least a part of the side surface portion not surrounded by both outer frames is blocked.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is The upper end of the water retention sheet may protrude from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials. Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is In some cases, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
  • the nutrient solution supply means includes a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the nutrient solution supply amount to the water retention sheet, and is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the flow rate adjustment means onto the water retention sheet.
  • a water content sensor may be provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is A thermal heater may be provided in contact with the water retention sheet.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is Plant cuttings may be planted between the water-holding sheet and the water-permeable material.
  • the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is In some cases, a plant rooted in the water-holding sheet is planted by being sandwiched between both breathable materials in a state of being attached to the water-holding sheet.
  • the medium has a two-part structure consisting of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material. Any material that is excellent and inexpensive or can be easily supplied can be used widely, and the range of selection of materials can be expanded. In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
  • the guide member which has the nutrient solution supply opening part which guides the nutrient solution dripped from a nutrient solution supply means to the upper end part of the vertical hydroponic cultivation pipe to the upper end part of a water retention sheet in a lower end part
  • the nutrient solution can be reliably guided to the water retention sheet without leaking in the direction of the breathable material. This reduces the risk of dying due to less nutrient solution reaching the plant, even if the nutrient solution drop position slightly shifts to the left or right using a nutrient solution supply device with large variations in nutrient solution drop position. it can.
  • the nutrient solution can be collected on the water retaining sheet even by the method of sandwiching the tip of the nutrient drop lower tube between the breathable material and the water retaining sheet without using the above guiding member, but when the above guiding member is used.
  • the dripping port portion of the nutrient droplet lowering means can be made visible, it is easier to check whether the nutrient solution is clogged. This facilitates visual check and also enables remote monitoring by linking the monitoring camera.
  • a medium that is detachably accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder is sandwiched between a water retention sheet for planting plant seedlings or seeds, and both sides thereof. It is made up of a breathable material, and the nutrient solution is dripped onto the upper end of the water-retaining sheet, so that water and oxygen are surely attached to the roots of plant seedlings sandwiched between the water-retaining sheet and the breathable material. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the cultivated plants from withering and root rot.
  • the medium has a two-part structure consisting of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material. Any material that is excellent and inexpensive or can be easily supplied can be used widely, and the range of selection of materials can be expanded. In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
  • a funnel-type cap having a nourishing liquid drop outlet at the lower end for guiding the nourishing liquid dropped from the nourishing liquid supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder to the upper end of the water retention sheet
  • the invasion of leaves and stems can be suppressed, and if only the cap is removed, the leaves and stems can be easily cleaned, and the risk of pest damage can be reduced by a simple method.
  • light can be prevented from entering the medium, generation of mold and algae into the medium can be suppressed. Even if it is a kind that does not cause disease to plants, if it continues to grow for a long time, the algae grows on the surface of the water retention sheet, not only the appearance impression worsens, but also the surface of the water retention sheet becomes hydrophobic and water retention capacity is reduced.
  • the nutrient solution leaks in the direction of the breathable material by bringing the lower end opening of the guide member into contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet. Without being able to be dripped reliably to a water retention sheet. In addition, it can be easily confirmed that there is no clogging of the nutrient solution from the nutrient droplet lower tube. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • a nutrient solution can be dripped more reliably to a water retention sheet
  • the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the upper end of the water retention sheet protrudes from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials, so that the distance from the dripping port can be reduced. Can be further dripped onto the water retaining sheet. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the upper end portion of the water retention sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is simply folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials.
  • the nutrient solution can be effectively collected in the water retention sheet without losing a part of the nutrient solution to the breathable material side as compared with the case where the water retention sheet is simply sandwiched between the breathable materials.
  • seat increases in thickness as it goes to the front-end
  • the nutrient solution dripped onto the folded water retention sheet is prevented from jumping to the outside, and the time remaining on the upper surface is shortened compared to when there is no inclination. Leakage of the nutrient solution dropped onto the water retention sheet is prevented from leaking in the direction of the breathable material and evaporation on the upper surface, and the nutrient solution can be used efficiently.
  • the upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the folded water retention sheet has an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water retention sheet as the center.
  • the inclined member having By providing the inclined member having, the upper surface of the folded water retention sheet becomes an inclined surface, thereby preventing jumping of the nutrient solution dripped onto the folded water retention sheet to the outside and the time remaining on the upper surface.
  • the nutrient solution dripped onto the water-holding sheet is prevented from leaking in the direction of the breathable material and evaporation on the top surface, so that the nutrient solution can be used efficiently.
  • the upper surface of the folded breathable material on the water-retaining sheet side is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet as the center.
  • the nutrient solution dripped onto the folded water retention sheet is prevented from jumping to the outside, and the time remaining on the upper surface is not inclined.
  • leakage of the nutrient solution dropped onto the water-holding sheet in the direction of the breathable material and evaporation on the upper surface can be suppressed, and the nutrient solution can be used efficiently.
  • the cap has a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium contained in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder as a slit or opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium contained in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder as a slit or opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • a guide member is provided when the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder is not used by providing a lid that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap at the upper end opening edge of the cap. By completely closing the mouth, it is possible to prevent dust (including mold spores) from entering the cap.
  • plant seedlings or seeds are planted between the water retention sheet and the breathable material in the vicinity of one side edge of the water retention sheet as the outer frame.
  • a pair of split outer frames with one or more gaps between them to sandwich the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and a structure in which both outer frames are detachably connected by a connecting means, has been extremely troublesome in the past. Therefore, preparation work such as planting seedlings or seeds of plants that required time and labor, and cleaning of the outer frame after harvesting plants can be easily performed without requiring time and labor.
  • by making the outer frame into a split type it is possible to reduce the volume to about half of the conventional cultivation cylinder during transportation, and there is an advantage that less space is required when storing as a stock.
  • the gap shape does not necessarily have to be continuous in the vertical direction, and it is possible to make it a closed shape other than the minimum gap for planting seedlings. As a result, it is possible to prevent light from being applied to the stems and underground parts of plants grown on the medium, and it is also possible to suppress water evaporation from the medium.
  • the plant is planted on only one conventional side surface. Compared to the case, the number of plant seedlings that can be cultivated can be doubled at the maximum, and the production yield of plants can be greatly increased.
  • the open area of the upper end opening can be greatly reduced, and dust (including mold spores) intrudes into both outer frames. Can be suppressed. Furthermore, since light can be prevented from entering the medium, generation of mold and algae into the medium can be suppressed. Moreover, since the top plate portion is formed on the slope inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames, the dropped nutrient solution can be concentratedly supplied to the water retention sheet.
  • the strain interval can be adjusted flexibly according to the size of the plant to be planted.
  • the nutrient solution can be added to the water retention sheet without leaking in the direction of the breathable material. It can be dripped reliably. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the nutrient solution lower end of the nutrient solution supply means touch the upper end of the water retention sheet, the nutrient solution can be reliably dropped onto the water retention sheet without leaking in the direction of the breathable material. it can. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the nutrient solution lowering port of the nutrient solution supply means is sandwiched between the water retaining sheet and the upper end of one of the air-permeable materials, so that the nutrient solution can be reliably dropped onto the water retaining sheet.
  • the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the surface of the water-holding sheet is further covered than when only the upper surface is covered. Suppression of dust (including mold spores) and light from the surface of the water-retaining sheet can be suppressed, thereby suppressing generation of mold and algae on the medium.
  • a method that uses a cutting needle is used to transplant normal rooted plants on a floor or table, etc.
  • the water-holding sheet sandwiched between the breathable materials is outside the split mold It is easy to carry out the method of assembling the columnar body surrounded by the frame first without the plant and inserting it between the breathable material and the water retention sheet, even if the planting work is carried out by one person, it takes time. It becomes possible to carry out easily without spending.
  • cutting ears are cut out from the plants that are cultivated for harvesting, it is possible to increase the number of cultivated plants without raising a seedling space or a seedling raising period, which contributes to work reduction.
  • the nutrient solution dripping from the lower part of the vertical hydroponics tube is collected and provided with a nutrient solution collecting means for collecting the nutrient solution in a nutrient solution storage tank.
  • the nutrient solution collecting means is dripped from the lower part of the vertical hydroponics tube.
  • the nutrient solution supply means is provided with a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the supply amount of the nutrient solution to the water retention sheet, and is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the flow rate adjustment means onto the water retention sheet. Adjust the water content at the lower end of the water-holding sheet so that it does not exceed the saturation level by installing a moisture sensor in the unit, and do not install a nutrient solution recovery / circulation device or install a simple object such as a tray. Is also possible. Alternatively, a system in which a very small amount of nutrient solution exceeding a small amount is circulated can be used.
  • the temperature around the fine roots of the plants in contact with the water retention sheet can be maintained at an appropriate temperature even in winter, thereby promoting the development of fine roots and feeding.
  • An effect is obtained in that the liquid absorption rate can be greatly improved and the yield can be improved.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of Example 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view showing a main part of the culture medium of Example 1.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponics system of Example 2.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view showing a cap of Example 2.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 3.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 4.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 5.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 6.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 7.
  • FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the inclination member of Example 7.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 8.
  • FIG. It is a top view which shows the cap of Example 9. It is a vertical side view in the DD line of FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged front view showing a main part of the culture medium of Example 11. It is a perspective view which shows an outer frame. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 11. FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 12.
  • FIG. 12 is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 12.
  • FIG. 13 It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 13.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 14.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 15.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 16.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 17.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 18.
  • FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the inclination member of Example 18.
  • FIG. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 19.
  • FIG. 20 It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponics system of Example 20. It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponics system of Example 21. It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 22.
  • FIG. 42 is a perspective view showing an outer frame of Example 23.
  • FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing an outer frame of Example 24.
  • FIG. 38 is a perspective view showing an outer frame of Example 25.
  • FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 48.
  • FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 48.
  • 22 is an enlarged plan view showing a cap of Example 31.
  • FIG. FIG. 52 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 51.
  • 32 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a cap of Example 32.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 1 includes a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101, a culture medium 102, a nutrient solution storage tank 103, a nutrient solution supply means 104, and a nutrient solution.
  • a liquid recovery means 105, a plant seedling or seed 106, a nutrient solution 107, and a guide member 108 are provided as main components.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is a cylinder having a square cross section in the first embodiment, and includes a vertical slit 111 for planting plant seedlings or seeds 106 on one side surface thereof. It is provided in a state where it is suspended on the ceiling or standing on the floor.
  • the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 can be created by opening the slit 111 or a plurality of openings in a shape that is easy to mold, such as a square or circular cross section.
  • an existing product such as BrightAgorotech's ZIPGROW (trademark).
  • the medium 102 is composed of a water retention sheet 121 and breathable materials 122 and 123 sandwiching both surfaces thereof, and is inserted and accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 so as to be inserted and removed.
  • the guide member 108 serves to properly guide the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 121.
  • the guide member 108 is provided in a state of being hooked on the front and rear edges of the upper end opening edge of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101, and is fed from the nutrient solution supply means 104.
  • a nutrient solution supply opening 108b is provided at the bottom of the wide upper end opening 108a for receiving the liquid via an inclined surface inclined toward the center.
  • the nutrient solution supply opening 108b is formed in a long slit shape along the longitudinal direction of the water retention sheet 121.
  • the nutrient solution supply means 104 includes a nutrient solution supply pump 141, and drops the nutrient solution at the lower end by dropping from the nutrient solution storage tank 103 into the upper end opening 108a of the guide member 108 via the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a.
  • the nutrient solution 107 is dropped onto the upper end of the water retention sheet 121 from the opening 108b.
  • the dropping rate of the nutrient solution 107 is preferably 0.05 g / second to 100 g / second. Particularly preferred is 0.1 g / second to 50 g / second.
  • one vertical hydroponic culture tube 101 increases as the number of the vertical hydroponic culture tubes 101 increases.
  • the dripping speed that can be distributed to the area must be small. Therefore, when the dropping speed is set to be small, plants can be cultivated in a large number of cultivation cylinders without using a high output and expensive pump.
  • the nutrient solution recovery means 105 includes a drain pan 151 that receives the nutrient solution 107 dropped from the lower end of the water retention sheet 121 and a nutrient solution recovery circulation pump 152, and the nutrient solution 107 that has accumulated in the drain pan 151 is recovered and circulated.
  • the nutrient solution storage tank 103 is collected and circulated by the pump 152.
  • the thickness of the water retaining sheet 121 is desirably 2 mm or more. That is, as the thickness is larger, the dripping nutrient solution 107 can be reliably dropped onto the water retention sheet 121.
  • the water retention sheet 121 is not necessarily a single sheet, and a plurality of sheets may be used in a stacked manner. For example, two or more sheets having a thickness of 1 mm may be stacked and sandwiched between the breathable materials 122 and 123.
  • the upper limit of the thickness is desirably up to 80%, more preferably up to 70% of the thickness of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101. If it becomes thicker than that, it will become heavy because there are too many nutrient solutions 107, and workability will become worse.
  • Example 1 Since the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 1 is configured as described above, a plurality of plants are provided between the water retention sheet 121 and the breathable material 122 or 123 as shown in FIGS.
  • the medium 102 By inserting the medium 102 into the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 with the seedling or seed 106 sandwiched therebetween, and dropping the nutrient solution 107 onto the upper end opening 108a of the guide member 108 by the nutrient solution supply pump 141.
  • the seedling or seed 106 grows by absorbing the nutrient solution 107 from the water retention sheet 121.
  • the medium 102 has a water retention sheet 121 and a breathable material 122, 123, and is divided into roles so that the water retention is low but the breathability is excellent and inexpensive, and the easy to supply / breathability is If it is low but excellent in water retention, inexpensive and easy to supply, it can be widely used and the range of materials can be selected. In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
  • Each vertical hydroponics cylinder is provided with one or more vertical slits or a plurality of openings for planting seedlings or seeds of plants in at least two directions of the vertical hydroponics apparatus. Can significantly increase the number of plant seedlings that can be cultivated and thus the production yield of plants.
  • a guide member 108 having a nutrient solution supply opening 108b at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 to the upper end of the water retention sheet 121.
  • the nutrient solution 107 can be reliably guided to the water retention sheet 121 without leaking in the direction of the breathable material 122, 123.
  • the nutrient solution lowering position slightly shifts to the left or right using a nutrient solution supply device with a large variation in the drop position of the nutrient solution 107, there is a risk that the nutrient solution that reaches the plant will decrease and die. Can be reduced.
  • the nutrient solution 107 can be collected in the water retention sheet 121 by a method in which the tip of the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a is sandwiched between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the moisture retention sheet 121 without using the above-described guide member 108.
  • the nutrient solution supply opening 108b portion of the guide member 108 can be made visible, so that it is easier to check whether the nutrient solution 107 is clogged. Thereby, a plant can be efficiently cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient drops.
  • the nutrient solution 107 can be dripped more reliably to the water retention sheet 121 by setting the thickness of the water retention sheet 121 to 2 mm or more. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the lower part of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is collected and provided with a nutrient solution collecting means 105 for collecting the nutrient solution 107 in the nutrient solution storage tank 103.
  • the nutrient solution collecting means 105 is a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
  • a drain pan 151 that collects the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the lower part of the 101 is provided, and the nutrient solution 107 collected in the drain pan 151 is circulated to the nutrient solution storage tank 103, so that the nutrient solution 107 can be efficiently used.
  • the cost for the nutrient solution 107 can be reduced.
  • the disposal of the nutrient solution 107 is less likely to place a burden on the environment.
  • the guide member 108 drops the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101.
  • the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a nourishing liquid supply opening 108b for guiding 107 to the upper end of the water-retaining sheet 121 is used as a funnel-type cap.
  • the guide member 108 as described above, as the guide member 108, the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is guided to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 121.
  • the open area of the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 can be greatly reduced, and the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 It can prevent dust (including mold spores) from entering the inside.
  • the cultivated plant grows higher than the upper end of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101, leaves and stems will enter the cultivation cylinder at harvest time etc. if it is not capped, and it will be left unattended. It becomes a breeding source of insects such as, and it rots.
  • the invasion of leaves and stems can be suppressed, and if only the cap is removed, the leaves and stems can be easily cleaned, and the risk of pest damage can be reduced by a simple method.
  • light can be prevented from entering the medium, generation of mold and algae into the medium can be suppressed. Even if it is a kind that does not cause disease to plants, if it continues to grow for a long time, the algae grows on the surface of the water retention sheet, not only the appearance impression worsens, but also the surface of the water retention sheet becomes hydrophobic and water retention capacity is reduced.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 3 is the same as that of Example 1 described above in that the nourishment liquid drop lower port 104 b of the nutrient solution supply means 104 touches the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 121. 2 is different.
  • the nutrient solution lowering port 104b of the nutrient solution supply unit 104 is in contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet 121, so that the nutrient solution 107 is directed toward the breathable materials 122 and 123. Without being leaked, the water retaining sheet 121 can be reliably dropped. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • the upper end of the water retention sheet 121 is slightly protruded from the upper surfaces of the air-permeable materials 122 and 123, and the separate water retention sheet is placed on the upper side.
  • the third embodiment is different from the first to third embodiments in that a T-shaped water-retaining portion is formed by being mounted on the surface. The protruding length may be in contact with a separate sheet placed on the upper surface, and for example, about 1 mm is sufficient.
  • the nutrient solution 107 is guided to the lower part of the water retaining sheet 121 wherever the nutrient solution 107 falls on a separate water retaining sheet, that is, the upper surface portion of the T-shaped water retaining portion. , 123 can be reliably dropped by the water retaining sheet 121 without leaking in the direction. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • Example 5 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 5, as shown in FIG. 12, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 122 and 123 is placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 123. This is different from the first to fourth embodiments in that it is bent and mounted.
  • Example 5 as described above, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 122 and 123 is simply folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 123, thereby simply retaining the water retaining sheet.
  • a portion of the nutrient solution 107 is not lost to the breathable materials 122 and 123 side, and the nutrient solution 107 is folded and placed through the water retention sheet 121a.
  • the water retention sheet 121 does not necessarily have to be one continuous sheet. Even if two or more water-retaining sheets 121 are brought into contact with each other, the same effect can be obtained.
  • a breathable material can be obtained by placing a water retaining sheet of a size covering the top surface of the breathable material on a water retaining sheet 121a folded and placed on the breathable material 123 on one side as shown in FIG. No matter where the nutrient solution 107 drops, the nutrient solution 107 can be guided to the vicinity of the roots of the seedlings of the plant without loss.
  • the folded water-retaining sheet 121 a is thicker toward the tip so that the upper surface is centered on the water-retaining sheet 121. As described above, it is different from the sixth embodiment in that it is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward.
  • the thickness of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a is increased as it goes to the tip thereof, so that the upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center.
  • the time spent on the upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a is shortened compared to the case where there is no inclination, so that the nutrient solution 107 can be used efficiently.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 7 goes to the outside with at least the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center on the upper surface of the breathable material 123 on the folded water-retaining sheet 121 a side.
  • the present embodiment is different from the sixth and seventh embodiments in that it includes an inclined member 121b having an inclined upper surface that increases accordingly.
  • the inclined member 121b having an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center on at least the upper surface of the breathable material 123 on the folded water-retaining sheet 121a side.
  • the upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a becomes an inclined surface, and the jumping of the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the inclined surface to the outside is prevented, and the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 121a
  • the nutrient solution 107 can be used more efficiently by preventing leakage to the breathable material 123 and evaporation.
  • the raw material of the inclination member 121b is arbitrary, it is desirable that at least the upper surface of the inclination is made of a material having no air permeability.
  • the shape of the inclined member 121b is not limited to a substantially right triangle, but may be arbitrary as long as an inclined upper surface is formed.
  • the inclined upper surface of the inclined member 121b is not limited to a straight line, but may be a concave curved surface, for example.
  • Example 8 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of this Example 8, as shown in FIG. 16, the upper surface of the folded breathable material 123 on the water retention sheet 121 a side becomes higher as it goes outward with the water retention sheet 121 as the center. This is different from Examples 6 to 7 in that it is formed in a shape.
  • Example 108 as described above, the upper surface of the air-permeable material 123 on the folded water-retaining sheet 121a side is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher with the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center, and is bent.
  • the upper surface of the water-retaining sheet 121a formed as an inclined surface prevents the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the inclined surface from jumping to the outside, and the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 121a is applied to the breathable material 123. Leaking and evaporation can be prevented and the nutrient solution 107 can be used more efficiently.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the ninth embodiment includes a light shielding wall 109 that shields the upper end side of the medium 102 accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101.
  • a light shielding wall 109 that shields the upper end side of the medium 102 accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101.
  • the slit 111 or the opening surface side of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is closed.
  • Example 10 by providing the light shielding wall 109 that shields the upper end side of the culture medium 102, adhesion of dust (including mold spores) to the surface of the water retention sheet 121 is suppressed. It is possible to suppress the light from being applied to the surface of the water retention sheet 121, thereby suppressing the generation of mold and algae on the culture medium 102.
  • Experimental example 1 (reference example): Breathable materials 122 and 123 (material is polyethylene) having a thickness of 4.8 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a length of 150 cm are folded in half into two pieces, with a thickness of 2 mm between them.
  • a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 material is polyvinyl chloride
  • a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 having a square with a side of 10 cm in cross section and a slit 111 having a width of 2 cm at the center of the side is used.
  • Another one (75 cm in length) sandwiched with the same felt as described above (75 cm in length) was prepared, and a total of two pieces were filled in the cultivation cylinder.
  • Six vertical hydroponics cylinders 101 were prepared. Basil seedlings were planted on these vertical hydroponic cylinders.
  • the seedlings are planted in a 9 cm pot, and the plant height is 7-10 cm. After washing the soil from the roots with tap water, there are six (20 cm) gaps between the polyethylene and the felt (up and down breathability).
  • the basement of three basil seedlings for each material was sandwiched and inserted into the vertical hydroponic tube 101.
  • the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is suspended from the ceiling, and as shown in FIG. 20, passes through the center of the slit 111 of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101, and the cross section of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is equal in area.
  • the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 and the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a are arranged so that the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a comes on a line that is divided into two rectangles.
  • a drip tube 104d is connected to each nutrient solution supply pipe 104a via a cock 104c for opening and closing and controlling the amount of nutrient solution, so that the nutrient solution 107 can be dripped from the drip tube 104d.
  • Six vertical hydroponics cylinders 101 were prepared. (The dropping position is theoretically a position where the thickness of the water-retaining sheet 121 is accurately divided into two, but as shown in FIG. 6, the accuracy of the thickness of the breathable materials 122 and 123, the dropping tube connected under the cock 104c. There was some blurring in the left-right direction due to the warpage of 104d.) 2.
  • Experimental Example 2 (Comparative Example): A vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 equipped with basil seedlings is prepared in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that the medium 102 is sandwiched only in polyethylene without felt. The basil seedling basement was sandwiched between the two polyethylenes. Two vertical hydroponics cylinders 101 were prepared. 3. Experimental Example 3: The positional relationship between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the water retention sheet 121 is shown in FIG. The hydroponics cylinder 101 without the guide member 8 was prepared. 4). Experimental Example 4: A type hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 equipped with a basil seedling similar to that in Experimental Example 3 was prepared. After the above-described hydroponics cylinder 101 was suspended from the ceiling, a funnel-type cap as shown in FIG.
  • the positional relationship between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the water retention sheet 121 is as shown in FIG. In Experimental Example 3, there is no guide member 108, and in Example 3, the difference is that the guide member 108 shown in FIGS. 5.
  • Experimental Example 5 In FIGS. 17 and 18 (the mode of Example 9), the positional relationship between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the water retention sheet 121 is as shown in FIG. 6). While dripping a fertilizer nutrient solution (an aqueous solution in which OAT House No. 1 is dissolved to a concentration of 0.8 g / L) into the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 of Experimental Examples 1 to 4 at a rate of 20 g per minute for 3 days Cultivation was performed under light.
  • a fertilizer nutrient solution an aqueous solution in which OAT House No. 1 is dissolved to a concentration of 0.8 g / L
  • Experimental Example 2 (Comparative Example): One total of 12 seedlings of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 grew smoothly. In the first vertical hydroponic tube 101, one of six seedlings continued to grow, but five seedlings withered. In the second vertical hydroponics cylinder 101, 6 of 6 seedlings withered. Experimental Examples 3 to 5: All 6 seedlings out of 6 seedlings grew smoothly. 8). Comparative experiment result 2 3 days later: Experimental Example 3: The sheet has been colored brownish. Experimental Example 4: Although it is not as clear as Experimental Example 3, it has become slightly brown. Experimental Example 5: Coloring was not confirmed. 7 days later: Experimental Example 3: Coloring is darker than after 3 days. The sheet surface has become water-repellent. Experimental Example 4: Lighter color than Experimental Example 3.
  • the water retention performance on the surface is similar to that at the start (visual confirmation).
  • Experimental Example 5 Slightly colored. The water retention performance on the surface is similar to that at the start (visual confirmation). 42 days later:
  • Experimental example 3 Algae breed on the entire upper surface. The surface is hydrophobic, rather than being soaked in a water-holding cloth, it is in a state where it flows between the breathable material in the center and the water-holding sheet.
  • Experimental Example 4 The entire surface of the water retaining sheet bent on the upper surface is colored brown. The surface is hydrophilic and water retention is maintained.
  • Experimental Example 5 Only the periphery where the nutrient solution is dripped is slightly colored. The surface is hydrophilic and water retention is maintained.
  • the upper end opening edge of the cap is provided with a lid 110 that can freely open and close the upper end opening 108a of the cap.
  • a lid 110 that can freely open and close the upper end opening 108a of the cap.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is provided in a state of being hung on the ceiling of the house is shown, but it may be provided in a state of being erected on the floor surface.
  • the vertical slit 111 for planting the seedling or seed 106 of the plant is provided on one side of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101.
  • a plurality of slits or openings are provided in the vertical direction. May be.
  • artificial light such as LED can be used in addition to sunlight.
  • an artificial light device such as an LED is provided on the side surface of the slit 111 of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101.
  • Example 11 the vertical hydroponics system of Example 11 will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • a vertically long medium 1 composed of a water-retaining sheet 11 and breathable materials 12 and 13 sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, In the vicinity of both side edges of the water-holding sheet 11, leaving gaps W, W that are elongated in the longitudinal direction for planting plant seedlings or seeds 8 between the water-holding sheet 11 and the breathable materials 12, 13, respectively.
  • the nutrient solution 6 is supplied from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the water retention sheet 11. It is comprised so that may be dripped.
  • a plurality of binding bands 31 that are wound and tightened around the outer peripheries of the outer frames 2 and 2 are used in the present Example 11. It is used.
  • the outer frames 2 and 2 are provided in a state of being hung on a hanging pipe 9a provided along a ceiling of a house or the like via a hanging member (wire or string) 9b.
  • the hanging member 9b is preferably a flexible material that can be twisted or has a structure that includes a rotatable shaft portion. This makes it possible to harvest the two sides from the same place, improving work efficiency.
  • the nutrient solution supply means 5 includes a nutrient solution supply pump 51 and drops the nutrient solution 6 from the nutrient solution storage tank 4 to the upper end of the water retention sheet 11 through the nutrient solution supply pipe 5a.
  • the dropping rate of the nutrient solution 6 is preferably 0.05 g / second to 100 g / second. Particularly preferred is 0.1 g / second to 50 g / second. If it is less than 0.05 g / sec, even if the nutrient solution 6 is dropped on the water retention sheet 11, the water retention sheet 11 is dried by evaporation, and a sufficient amount of the nutrient solution 6 is not supplied to the plant roots.
  • the nutrient solution 6 that cannot be held in the water-retaining sheet 11 flows out onto the plant surface and wets the floor. Further, when the outflow of the liquid through the plant lasts for a long time, the entire amount of the circulating nutrient solution is consumed, and the supplied nutrient solution 6 is depleted and the plant is withered.
  • the nutrient solution 6 pumped up by one pump is circulated and used in the vertical hydroponic culture facility, the number of outer frames 2 and 2 increases as the number of outer frames 2 and 2 increases. The dropping speed must be small. Therefore, when the dropping speed is set to be small, plants can be cultivated in a large number of cultivation cylinders without using a high output and expensive pump.
  • the nutrient solution recovery means 7 includes a drain pan 71 that receives the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the lower end of the water retention sheet 11, and a nutrient solution recovery circulation pump 72, and the nutrient solution 6 collected in the drain pan 71 is recovered and circulated.
  • the pump 72 collects and circulates it in the nutrient solution storage tank 4.
  • the thickness of the water retaining sheet 11 is desirably 2 mm or more. That is, the larger the thickness, the more reliably the dripping nutrient solution 6 can be dripped onto the water retention sheet 11.
  • seat 11 does not necessarily need to be 1 sheet
  • the upper limit of the thickness is desirably up to 80%, more preferably up to 70% of the thickness of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 1. When it becomes thicker than that, it will become heavy because there are too many nutrient solutions 6 included, and workability
  • Example 11 Since the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 11 is configured as described above, as shown in FIGS. 21 to 25, the outer frame 2, between the two, near the both side edges of the water retention sheet, respectively.
  • the nutrient solution 6 is supplied to the water retention sheet 211 by the nutrient solution supply pump 51.
  • the seedling or seed 8 grows by absorbing the nutrient solution 6 from the water retention sheet 11.
  • the culture medium 1 is composed of the water retention sheet 11 for planting plant seedlings or seeds 8 and the breathable materials 12 and 13 sandwiching both sides thereof. Then, by dripping the nutrient solution 6 onto the upper end of the water retention sheet 11, water and oxygen are reliably supplied to the roots of plant seedlings or seeds 8 sandwiched between the water retention sheet 11 and the breathable materials 12 and 13. Since it is supplied, it is possible to prevent cultivated plants from withering and root rot.
  • the medium 1 has a two-part configuration of the water-retaining sheet 21 and the breathable materials 12 and 13 to share the roles, so that the water retention is low but the breathability is excellent and inexpensive, and the easy-to-feed and breathable If it is low but excellent in water retention, inexpensive and easy to supply, it can be widely used and the range of materials can be selected. In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
  • the connecting member 3 that connects the outer frames 2 and 2 is detachably connected between the outer frames 2 and 2 by a binding band, the two-part water-retaining sheet 11 and the air permeability are provided. Assembling of the materials 12 and 13 and parts replacement work can be performed efficiently.
  • the volume can be reduced to about half that of a conventional cultivation tube during transportation, and there is a merit that less space is required for storage as stock. Yes.
  • the nutrient solution 6 can be dripped more reliably to the water-retaining sea 11 by setting the thickness of the water-retaining sheet 11 to 2 mm or more. This makes it possible to grow plants with the minimum amount of nutrient drops required
  • the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the lower part of the water retention sheet 11 is collected, and the nutrient solution collecting means 7 for collecting the nutrient solution 6 in the nutrient solution storage tank 4 is provided.
  • the nutrient solution recovery means 7 is dripped from the lower part of the water retention sheet 11.
  • the fixing means 10 has a structure for fixing the solution supply pipe 5a to the suspension member (wire or string) 9b.
  • the structure of the fixing means 10 is arbitrary.
  • the dropping tube 5d is directly fixed to the culture medium 1 and the outer frames 2 and 2.
  • the fixing means 10 that fixes the nutrient liquid drop lower port 5b at the lower end of the nutrient solution supply pipe 5a in the nutrient solution supply means 5 so as to be positioned directly above the water retention sheet 11, It becomes possible to effectively collect the nutrient solution 6 without losing the water retaining sheet 11 reliably. Therefore, it is possible to use a pump having a small capacity as a pump used for supplying or circulating the nutrient solution 6, thereby reducing facility costs and running costs.
  • Example 13 the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 13 is the above Example 11 in that the nourishment liquid drop lower port 5 b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 is in contact with the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 11. , 12 is different.
  • the nutrient solution 6 is directed in the direction of the breathable materials 12 and 13 by bringing the nutrient droplet lower port 5b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 into contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet 11. Without being leaked, the water retaining sheet 11 can be reliably dropped. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • Example 14 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 14, as shown in FIG. 28, the nourishment liquid drop lower port 5b of the nourishment liquid supply means 5 is sandwiched between the water retention sheet 11 and the upper end portions of one of the breathable materials 12. This is different from the above-mentioned Examples 11 to 13.
  • Example 14 as described above, the nutrient droplet lower port 5b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 is sandwiched between the water retention sheet 11 and the air permeable material 12, so that the nutrient solution is reliably supplied to the water retention sheet 11. Can be supplied to. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • Example 15 the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 15 is different from the above Examples 11 to 14 in that the upper end of the water retention sheet 11 protrudes from the upper surfaces of the air-permeable materials 12 and 13. Is different.
  • the nutrient solution 6 is directed in the direction of the breathable materials 12 and 13 by bringing the nutrient droplet lower port 5b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 into contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet 11. Without being leaked, the water retaining sheet 11 can be reliably dropped. As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
  • Example 16 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 16, as shown in FIG. 30, the upper end portion of the water retention sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 12 and 13 is placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 13. This is different from the above-mentioned Examples 11 to 15 in that it is bent and mounted.
  • Example 16 as described above, the upper end portion of the water-retaining sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 12 and 13 is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 13, so that the water-retaining sheet is simply used.
  • the water retention sheet 11 does not necessarily have to be one continuous sheet. Even when two or more water-retaining sheets 11 are brought into contact with each other, the same effect can be obtained.
  • a breathable material can be obtained by stacking and placing a water retaining sheet of a size covering the top surface of the breathable material on the water retaining sheet 11a folded and placed on the breathable material 13 on one side as shown in FIG. No matter where the nutrient solution 6 drops, the nutrient solution 6 can be guided to the vicinity of the root of the seedling of the plant without loss.
  • Example 11 can illustrate the structure as shown in FIG. When all the materials used are manufactured with high accuracy, the nutrient solution is dropped on the water retention sheet only with this configuration. However, when the commercially available polyethylene was used as the breathable materials 12 and 13, it was found that the thickness was uneven. There was also a blur in the warping of the drip tube 5d. If the position of the tube to which the liquid is dropped is set to a position that accurately divides the distance from the left end of 12 (1) in FIG. 22 to the right end of 13 (1) into two, the same as 12 (1) and 13 (1) If the material is used, it should theoretically have the same thickness, so the liquid should be able to be dropped onto the water-retaining sheet placed in the center.
  • the folded water-retaining sheet 11a is thicker toward the tip so that its upper surface is centered on the water-retaining sheet 11.
  • the embodiment 16 is different from the embodiment 16 in that it is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher toward the outside.
  • the thickness of the folded water-retaining sheet 11a is increased as it goes to the tip, so that the top surface becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as the center.
  • Example 18 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 18, as shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, at least the upper surface of the breathable material 13 on the side of the water-retaining sheet 11 a that is bent goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as the center.
  • the present embodiment is different from the above-described Embodiments 16 and 17 in that it includes an inclined member 11b having an inclined upper surface that increases accordingly.
  • the inclined member 11a having the inclined upper surface that increases as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as the center on the upper surface of the breathable material 13 on the side of the water-retaining sheet 11a that is folded at least.
  • the upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 11a becomes an inclined surface and prevents the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the inclined surface from jumping to the outside, and the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 11a. Leakage and evaporation to the breathable material 13 can be prevented, and the nutrient solution 6 can be used more efficiently.
  • the raw material of the inclination member 11b is arbitrary, it is desirable that at least the upper surface of the inclination is made of a material having no air permeability.
  • the shape of the inclined member 11b is not limited to a substantially right triangle as long as an inclined upper surface is formed, and is arbitrary.
  • the inclined upper surface of the inclined member 11b is not limited to a straight line, but may be a concave curved surface, for example.
  • Example 19 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 19, as shown in FIG. 34, the upper surface of the folded breathable material 13 on the water retention sheet 11 a side becomes higher as it goes to the outside centering on the water retention sheet 11. This is different from the above Examples 16 to 18 in that it is formed in a shape.
  • the upper surface of the breathable material 13 on the side of the water-retaining sheet 11a that is folded is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as a center.
  • the upper surface of the water-retaining sheet 11a is an inclined surface, and prevents the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the inclined surface from jumping to the outside, and the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 11a is applied to the breathable material 13.
  • the nutrient solution 6 can be used more efficiently by preventing leakage and evaporation.
  • the nutrient solution supply means 5 includes a flow rate adjusting means 52 for adjusting the nutrient solution supply amount to the water retention sheet 11, and the flow rate adjustment is performed.
  • the nutrient solution 6 is dripped onto the water retention sheet 11 from the means 52, the moisture content sensor 14 is provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11, and the flow rate adjustment means 52 includes the electric valve 52 a and the moisture content sensor.
  • the above-mentioned Examples 11 to 19 are configured by a nutrient solution supply amount control means 52b for controlling the water retention amount at the lower end portion of the water retention sheet 11 by automatically controlling the electric valve 52a with a signal from 14. It is different.
  • the water content sensor 14 measures the water content at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11 and is provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11. The amount of moisture measured by the moisture amount sensor 14 is displayed on the moisture meter 14a.
  • the flow rate adjusting means 52 adjusts the dripping amount of the nutrient solution 6 onto the water retention sheet 11.
  • the electric valve 52 a and the electric valve 52 a are automatically controlled by a signal from the moisture sensor 14.
  • nutrient solution supply amount control means 52b for controlling the water retention amount at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11 so as to become saturated.
  • the drain pan 14b which receives the nutrient solution 6 dripped from the water retention sheet
  • seat 11 exceeds a saturated state Liquid 6 can be accommodated.
  • evaporation of the nutrient solution 6 is suppressed by accommodating the water retaining material 14c in the drain pan 14b.
  • the nutrient solution supply means 5 is provided with the flow rate adjusting means 52 for adjusting the supply amount of the nutrient solution to the water retention sheet 11, and the nutrient solution 6 is retained by the flow rate adjusting means 52. It is comprised so that it may be dripped at the sheet
  • the electric valve 52a and the nutrient solution supply amount control unit 52b are provided as the flow rate adjusting unit 52, so that the electric valve 52a is automatically controlled and the nutrient solution amount can be automatically adjusted to an appropriate amount. it can. Thereby, including the case where it controls by the remote operation from the outside of a cultivation house, it can adjust automatically the amount of nutrient solution without being delayed even for sudden weather and temperature fluctuations.
  • Example 21 The vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 21 is different from Example 20 in that a manual valve 52c is used as the flow rate adjusting means 52 as shown in FIG.
  • a manual valve 52c is used as the flow rate adjusting means 52 as shown in FIG.
  • Example 22 The vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 22 is different from Examples 11 to 21 in that the thermal heater 10 is provided in contact with the water retention sheet 21 as shown in FIG. .
  • the temperature around the fine root of the plant in contact with the water-retaining sheet 11 is kept at an appropriate temperature even in winter by providing the thermal heater 15 in contact with the water-retaining sheet 11.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 23 differs from the above Examples 11 to 22 in that it includes a top plate portion 21 that covers the upper end surfaces of the outer frames 2 and 2. It is a thing. Therefore, in this Example 23, it is possible to prevent dust from entering the both outer frames 2 and 2 and to block sunlight, thereby suppressing the generation of algae and mold in the culture medium 1. .
  • the top plate portion 21 is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames 2 and 2. This is different from the above Examples 11 to 23. Therefore, in this Example 24, if the water retaining sheet is disposed at a position where it contacts any one of the inclined surfaces, the nutrient solution 6 can be reliably placed on the water retaining cloth even if the nutrient solution 6 drops on any part on the slope. To be able to supply intensively.
  • both outer frames 2 and 2 are substantially semicircular in cross section, and the upper and lower ends of both outer frames 2 and 2 are This is different from the above-described Examples 11 to 24 in that a part is brought into contact with each other.
  • the gaps W and W are below a certain distance in the vertical direction in order to plant seedlings or seeds 8 between the two outer frames 2 and 2. This is different from the above Examples 11 to 25 in that a plurality of them are formed.
  • a system having a continuous vertical slit as shown in Examples 11 to 25 or a vertically long opening for receiving two or more seedlings is provided in advance as in Example 26 and the system of Patent Document 2.
  • a series of vertical slits is particularly excellent in that it can flexibly cope with the number of seedlings and the strain.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 27 is different from the above Examples 11 to 26 in that the connecting means 3 has a structure in which the outer frames 2 and 2 are detachably engaged. Is different. That is, in the embodiment 27, the engaging claws 32 and 33 meshing with each other are provided at both end portions of both the outer frames 2 and 2, and the engaging state between the engaging claws 32 and 33 is maintained. . In addition, although the location and the number of both engaging claws 32 and 33 are arbitrary, it is desirable to provide at least near the upper and lower ends of the outer frames 2 and 2. Therefore, in the connecting means 3 of the embodiment 27, the attaching / detaching operation between the both outer frames 2 and 2 can be easily performed.
  • Example 28 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 28, as shown in FIG. 43, the gap W between the split outer frames 2 and 2 is formed only in the vicinity of one side edge of the water retention sheet 11. However, this is different from Examples 11 to 27. Therefore, in Example 28, the same effects as in Examples 11 to 27 can be obtained except that the amount of plant cultivation is small.
  • a comparison experiment was conducted between the cultivation system corresponding to Example 28 and the cultivation system corresponding to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-119392.
  • the cultivation system corresponding to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-1113927 is different from the embodiment 28 in that the finished shape is the same as that in FIG. 43, but is an integrated tube with a slit that cannot be divided into two pieces.
  • sample A was prepared as a cultivation system corresponding to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-1113927 and sample B was prepared as a cultivation system corresponding to Example 28 of the present application by the following method.
  • Sample preparation method (1) Prepare a split-type vertical hydroponic cylinder (material is polyvinyl chloride) that has a 10 cm square on one side, a 1 cm wide slit (gap) on one side, and a length of 150 cm did.
  • a breathable material (polyethylene) with a thickness of 4.8 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a length of 150 cm is folded into two pieces in half, and a polyester felt (water-retaining sheet) with a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 9 cm, and a length of 70 cm in between. ) was placed between the breathable material and the water-retaining material, and the basil seedlings were opened by 20 cm between the strains, and 3 seedlings were sandwiched between them. Two sets of the above were prepared.
  • One side of the cross-section is a square of 10 cm, a slit (gap) having a width of 1 cm on one side, and a split-type vertical hydroponics cylinder having a length of 150 cm is filled in a state where two are stacked vertically, Sample A was designated.
  • a vertical hydroponics cylinder material is polyvinyl chloride
  • a slit (gap) having a width of 1 cm on one side and a length of 150 cm on one side and a slit (gap).
  • Were cut with an electric saw so as to divide the surface on the opposite side of the side surface having a vertical shape into two, and two substantially U-shaped outer frames were prepared.
  • Two sheets of breathable material having a thickness of 4.8 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a length of 150 cm were prepared, and one of the sheets was placed in a direction that fits inside one substantially U-shaped outer frame.
  • a polyester felt with a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 9 cm and a length of 150 cm is placed on the polyethylene sheet so that the ground part of the basil faces in the direction corresponding to the slit (gap), and the vertical direction
  • the basil seedling 6 was placed on the water-retaining sheet so that the interval was the same as that of the sample A, and another polyethylene sheet was placed from above.
  • Sample B was wound with a binding band of a different type. Comparative experiment 1: Samples A and B were cultivated for 3 months under sunlight with the apparatus shown in FIGS. 21 and 28, and then sample A was pulled out using a hook. For sample B, the binding band was loosened and removed, the outer frame was opened, and the medium was taken out. Sample A was able to be taken out by pulling the hook with both hands while holding the cultivation cylinder with the feet.
  • sample B since the binding band was only loosened, it was possible to remove the medium with only the hand. Further, the breathable material after taking out was deformed by extending the portion to which the hook was applied in Sample A. When the same three-month cultivation was repeated three times, it was confirmed by using other samples carried out under the same conditions that a medium with a tearing edge came out. In sample B, although it was used for the same number of times cultivation test, since the noticeable deterioration of the breathable material was not seen, it was confirmed that the present invention is superior in operability and durability during seedling replacement. It was. Comparative experiment 2: Samples A and B were each rubbed with a sponge containing a hyter solution to remove algae attached to the inside and washed with water.
  • the time required to wash one set of cultivation tubes was 5 minutes for sample A and 2 minutes for sample B.
  • the sample A was out of reach, it was necessary to attach a thin stick to the sponge.
  • the present invention is overwhelmingly easier to operate in terms of ease of washing.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 29 has the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the nutrient solution supply means 5 at the upper end openings of both outer frames 2 and 2 connected to each other.
  • seat 11 in a lower end part is different from the said Examples 11-28.
  • the guide member 16 serves to properly guide the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the upper end openings of the outer cylinders 2, 2 to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 11. As shown in detail in FIG.
  • the guide member 16 is provided in a state of being hooked on the front and rear edges of the upper end opening edges of the outer cylinders 2, 2, and the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution supply means 5
  • a nourishing liquid supply opening 16b is provided at the bottom of the wider upper end opening 16a for receiving 6 through an inclined surface inclined toward the center.
  • the nutrient solution supply opening 16b is formed in a long slit shape along the longitudinal direction of the water retention sheet 11.
  • the lower end of the nutrient solution supply opening 16b for guiding the nutrient solution 7 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 4 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 1 to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 21 By providing the guide member 16 in the part, the nutrient solution 6 can be reliably guided to the water retention sheet 11 without leaking in the direction of the breathable material 12, 13. As a result, even if the nutrient solution lowering position slightly shifts to the left and right using a nutrient solution supply device with a large variation in the drop position of the nutrient solution 6, there is a risk that the nutrient solution that reaches the plant will decrease and die. Can be reduced.
  • the nutrient solution 6 can be collected in the water retention sheet 11 by a method in which the tip of the nutrient solution supply pipe 5a is sandwiched between the breathable materials 12 and 13 and the moisture retention sheet 11 without using the guide member 16 described above.
  • the nutrient solution supply opening 16b portion of the guide portion 19 can be made visible, so that it is easier to check whether the nutrient solution 6 is clogged. Thereby, a plant can be efficiently cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient drops.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 30 has a nutrient solution 6 in which the guide member 16 drops from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the upper end openings of both outer frames 2 and 2.
  • a nourishing liquid supply opening 16b that guides the water retention sheet 11 to the upper end of the water retention sheet 11 is used.
  • the nutrient solution 6 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the upper end openings of the outer frames 2 and 2 is guided to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 11 as the guide member 16.
  • a funnel-type cap having the nutrient solution supply opening 16b at the lower end, the open area of the upper ends of the outer frames 2 and 2 can be greatly reduced.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 31 has a light shielding wall 16c in which the cap shields the upper end side of the culture medium 1 accommodated in the outer frames 2 and 2.
  • the cap shields the upper end side of the culture medium 1 accommodated in the outer frames 2 and 2.
  • at least a part of the side surface portion not surrounded by the outer frames 2 and 2 is closed. Therefore, in Example 31, as described above, by providing the light-shielding wall 16c that shields the upper end side of the culture medium 1, adhesion of dust (including mold spores) to the surface of the water-retaining sheet 11 is suppressed.
  • the surface of the water-retaining sheet 11 is prevented from being exposed to light, whereby the generation of mold and algae on the medium 1 can be suppressed.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 32 is provided with a lid 16d that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap at the upper end opening edge of the cap. Is different. Therefore, in this embodiment 32, the lid 16d that can be closed is provided, and when the outer frames 2 and 2 are not used, the mouth of the guide member 16 is completely closed, so that dust (mold) can enter the cap. (Including spores) can be prevented.
  • the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 1 is provided in a state of being suspended from the ceiling of the house is shown, but it may be provided in a state of being erected on the floor surface.
  • the outer frame is exemplified by a substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular cross section, but if the cross section surrounds the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion.
  • the specific shape is arbitrary.
  • the binding band 31 that can be loosened is used as the connecting member 3, but magic tape (registered trademark), wire, string, tape, or the like can also be used. Further, a large amount of binding can be performed in a short time by using an automatic binding machine. In the case of binding with a hot melting band, which is also used in an automatic binding machine, it can be cut with scissors when it is removed, making it easy to divide and clean the cultivation cylinder.
  • artificial light such as LED can be used in addition to sunlight.
  • artificial light devices such as LEDs are provided on the surfaces of the gaps W, W of the main cultivation system.
  • a split outer frame sandwiches a water retaining sheet between the breathable materials It is easy to carry out the method of assembling the enclosed cultivation tube first without a plant and inserting it between the breathable material and the water retaining sheet, and even if the planting work is carried out by one person, it does not take time It becomes possible to carry out easily.
  • the ability to increase the number of cultivated plants without raising the seedling space or seedling period if the cuttings are cut from the plants cultivated for harvesting in the surrounding area also contributes to reducing the work.
  • by using a method of planting both sides of the plant attached to the water retaining sheet with a breathable material it is easy to plant even if you want to transplant in a state where the plant height is high or the underground part is developed to some extent Work can be done.
  • SYMBOLS 101 Vertical hydroponics cylinder 111 Slit 102 Medium 121 Water retentive sheet 121a Folded water retentive sheet 121b Inclined member 122 Breathable material 123 Breathable material 103 Nutrient solution storage tank 104 Nutrient solution supply means 104a Nutrient solution supply pipe 104b Nutrient solution Dripping port 104c Cock 104d Dropping tube 141 Nutrient solution supply pump 105 Nutrient solution recovery means 151 Drain pan 152 Nutrient solution recovery circulation pump 106 Plant seedling or seed 107 Nutrient solution 108 Guide member 108a Upper end opening 108b Nutrient solution supply opening 109 Shielding wall DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 Cover body 1 Medium 11 Water retention sheet 11a Bended water retention sheet 11b Inclined member 12 Breathable material 13 Breathable material 2 Outer frame 21 Top plate part 3 Connecting member 31 Binding band ( Connecting member) 32 engaging claw (connecting member) 33 engaging

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a vertical hydroponics system and a vertical hydroponics method with which it is possible to prevent root rot of cultivated plants and efficiently cultivate plants while supplying small quantities of nutrient solution. [Solution] A vertical hydroponics system comprising: a vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 provided in a standing condition on the floor or suspended from the ceiling of a house; a culture medium 102 housed so as to be able to inserted into and withdrawn from the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101; and a nutrient solution-supplying means 104 which supplies nutrient solution 107 from the nutrient solution tank 103 to the culture medium 102. The vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is equipped with, in the vertical direction thereof, a plurality of openings or one or more slits 111 for planting seedlings or seeds 106 of plants. The culture medium 102 comprises a water-retention sheet 121 and breathable materials 122 and 123 sandwiching both sides of the water-retention sheet 121. The upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is provided with a guide member 108 having a nutrient solution supply opening 108b, on the lower edge thereof, which guides the nutrient solution 107 which drips from the nutrient solution supplying means 104 to the upper edge of the water-retention sheet 121.

Description

縦型水耕栽培システム及び縦型水耕栽培方法Vertical hydroponics system and vertical hydroponics method
　本発明は、縦型水耕栽培システム及び縦型水耕栽培方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a vertical hydroponic cultivation system and a vertical hydroponic cultivation method.
　従来、縦型水耕栽培システムとしては、特許文献１、２に記載の物が知られている。
　特許文献１の縦型水耕栽培システムは、複数の中空水耕栽培タワー（縦型水耕栽培筒）と、中空水耕栽培タワー内の培地材料に養液を供給する灌漑手段（養液供給手段）と、を備えている。
　また、前記中空水耕栽培タワーは、断面方形でその一側面に植物の苗を植え込むための溝部（垂直方向のスリット又は開口部）を備えた構造になっている。
　また、前記中空水耕栽培タワー内には、粒状培地、スタイロフォーム、ポリウレタン発泡体、プラスチックメッシュ、ロックウール、ココナツ繊維、ウイッキイングストリップ、栽培袋及びバーミキュライトから選択される培地材料が挿入されている（特許文献１参照）。
　特許文献２の縦型水耕栽培システムは、側面に植物を定植する多数の植え込み孔を設け、内部に不織布等の培地を充填した中空管を、養液を満たした貯液槽の中に直立させ、中空管の中に設置した送液管の下端部から空気を噴出させることにより、植物を定植した培地に養液を供給する構造になっている（特許文献２参照）。 Conventionally, as a vertical hydroponics system, the thing of patent documents 1 and 2 is known.
The vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of hollow hydroponic cultivation towers (vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinders) and irrigation means for supplying a nutrient solution to the medium material in the hollow hydroponic cultivation tower (nutrient supply) Means).
Moreover, the said hollow hydroponics tower is a structure provided with the groove part (vertical direction slit or opening part) for planting the seedling of a plant in the one side | surface with the square cross section.
In addition, a medium material selected from granular medium, styrofoam, polyurethane foam, plastic mesh, rock wool, coconut fiber, wicking strip, cultivation bag and vermiculite is inserted into the hollow hydroponics tower. (See Patent Document 1).
In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Patent Document 2, a hollow tube filled with a medium such as a nonwoven fabric is provided in a storage tank filled with a nutrient solution. It has a structure in which a nutrient solution is supplied to a medium in which plants are planted by standing upright and ejecting air from a lower end portion of a liquid feeding tube installed in a hollow tube (see Patent Document 2).
　また、従来、縦型水耕栽培システムとしては、特許文献３に記載の物が知られている。
　特許文献３の縦型水耕栽培システムは、ハウスの天井に吊るし又は床面に立設した複数の縦型水耕栽培筒と、縦型水耕栽培筒内に抜き差し可能に収容した培地と、養液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段と、縦型水耕栽培筒の下部から滴下した養液を収集し、養液収容タンクに回収する養液回収手段と、を備えた縦型水耕栽培システムであって、前記縦型水耕栽培筒は、その一側面に植物の苗を植え込むための垂直方向のスリットを備え、前記培地は、保水性シートとその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成されたものである。 Moreover, conventionally, the thing of patent document 3 is known as a vertical hydroponic cultivation system.
The vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Patent Document 3 is a plurality of vertical hydroponic cultivation tubes suspended on the ceiling of the house or standing on the floor, and a medium accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation tube so as to be removable. A nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution to the culture medium from the nutrient solution storage tank; A vertical hydroponic cultivation system, wherein the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder is provided with a vertical slit for planting a plant seedling on one side surface, and the medium sandwiches both sides of the water retention sheet. It is composed of breathable material.
　すなわち、特許文献３の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、縦型水耕栽培筒内に抜き差し可能に収容した培地を、植物の苗を植え込む保水性シートと、その両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成し、養液を保水性シート上端部に滴下させるようにしたことで、保水性シートと通気性素材との間に挟み込んだ植物の苗の根に確実に水分が供給されるため、高出力なポンプで大量の養液を培地上に滴下しなくても植物が萎れずにすむ。
　また保水性シートと通気性素材との間に挟み込んだ植物の苗の根に確実に酸素も供給されるため、栽培植物の根腐れも防止することができる。
　また、培地として保水性シートと通気性素材の２部構成にし、役割分担することにより、保水性は低いが通気性に優れて安価なものや供給容易なもの・通気性は低いが保水性に優れて安価なものや供給容易なものまで広く使用でき、材料の選択の幅を広げることができる、という効果を有するものであった。 That is, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Patent Document 3, as described above, a medium that is removably accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder is sandwiched between a water retention sheet for planting plant seedlings and both surfaces thereof. With a breathable material, the nutrient solution is dripped onto the upper end of the water retention sheet, so that moisture is reliably supplied to the roots of plant seedlings sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the breathable material. Therefore, the plant does not wither even if a large amount of nutrient solution is not dropped on the medium with a high-power pump.
Moreover, since oxygen is reliably supplied to the roots of plant seedlings sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the breathable material, root decay of the cultivated plants can be prevented.
In addition, the medium has a two-part structure consisting of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material. It has the effect that it can be widely used from excellent and inexpensive ones that can be easily supplied, and the range of choice of materials can be expanded.
特表２０１７－５３８４０５号公報Special table 2017-538405 gazette 特開平１１－４６６０６号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-46606 特開２０１８－１１３９２７号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2018-1113927
　しかしながら、特許文献１、２の縦型水耕栽培システムのように、縦型水耕栽培筒内に１種類の培地を収容した状態では、培地内の空壁を水と空気が奪い合うことになるので、養液量によって気相比率が低くなって根腐れを生じる等、栽培を成功させることが簡単ではなく、また、水相・気体相のバランスが良いもののみに使用が限られていた。
　すなわち、培地の保水性が高く通気性が低い（培地中の気相比率が低すぎる）と、根腐れを生じ、逆に通気性が高く保水性が低い（培地中の液相比率が低すぎる）と、苗を枯らさないためには大量の養液の供給が必要で、養液の供給又は循環に用いられるポンプの容量が大きくなるため、設備費及びランニングコストが高くつくという問題点があった。
　また、逆に保水性が高く通気性が低い（培地中の液相比率が高すぎる）と、根腐れを生じる。若しくは、空気不足を回避するために煩雑な装置が必要となり、設備費が高くついたり操作が不便になるという問題点があった。また、水相・気体相のバランスが良い培地（例えばロックウール）を選択したとしても、栽培筒内部に充填した培地が水を含むことにより栽培筒全体の重量が重くなり、作業性が悪いという問題点があった。 However, in the state where one type of medium is accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder as in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Patent Documents 1 and 2, water and air compete for the empty wall in the medium. Therefore, it is not easy to succeed in cultivation, such as causing root rot due to a low gas phase ratio depending on the amount of nutrient solution, and the use has been limited only to those having a good balance of water phase and gas phase.
That is, if the medium has high water retention and low air permeability (the gas phase ratio in the medium is too low), root rot occurs, and conversely, the air permeability is high and the water retention is low (the liquid phase ratio in the medium is too low). ) And a large amount of nutrient solution supply in order not to wither the seedling, and the capacity of the pump used to supply or circulate the nutrient solution is large, which increases the equipment cost and running cost. was there.
Conversely, if the water retention is high and the air permeability is low (the liquid phase ratio in the medium is too high), root rot occurs. Alternatively, a complicated device is required to avoid air shortage, and there is a problem that the equipment cost is high and the operation is inconvenient. Moreover, even if a medium (for example, rock wool) having a good balance between the water phase and the gas phase is selected, the medium filled in the cultivation cylinder contains water, which increases the weight of the entire cultivation cylinder, and the workability is poor. There was a problem.
　また、さらに、特許文献３の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、保水性シートとその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成される培地を、縦型水耕栽培筒内に抜き差し可能に収容した構造であるため、以下に述べるような問題点があった。
　すなわち、従来例の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、保水性シートと通気性素材との間に植物の苗又は種を挟んだ状態の培地を縦型水耕栽培筒内に引き入れる作業が必要であるが、その際、特に苗の地下部の大き目な植物を定植する場合、大きな力が必要であるという問題があった。
　また、植物の苗の地上部が挟む部分近くまで茂っている場合には引き入れる際にスリットのヘリで植物がこすれてしまう場合があり、それを避けるために慎重に時間をかけて引き入れ作業をしたり、複数の人員を割いて地上部保護と培地の引き入れ作業の分担作業にしなければならなかった。
　また、同様に植物の栽培が終了した縦型水耕栽培筒を片付ける際にも、栽培中に肥大した植物の地下部が挟まれた培地を引き出すには大きな力が必要である。
　また、繰り返し使用するために縦型水耕栽培筒を洗浄する際に、狭いスリット状の空き部分しかないので洗いづらく、きちんと洗えたか確認する作業も難しかった。
　以上のように、従来技術は作業性に種々の課題があった。
　さらに、フック等でひっかけて抜き差しをするために、フックをひっかける部分が
繰り返し使用すると伸びたりちぎれたりし、耐久性にも問題があった。 Furthermore, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Patent Document 3, a structure in which a medium composed of a water retention sheet and a breathable material sandwiching both sides thereof is detachably accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder. Therefore, there are problems as described below.
That is, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the conventional example, it is necessary to draw a medium in a state where a plant seedling or seed is sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the breathable material into the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder. However, there is a problem that a large force is required especially when a large plant in the basement of the seedling is planted.
In addition, if the plant seedlings are so close to the part where the seedlings are sandwiched, the plants may be rubbed by the slit helicopter when pulling them in. Or, it was necessary to divide a number of people to share the work of protecting the ground and pulling in the medium.
Similarly, when removing a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder that has been cultivated, a large amount of force is required to draw out a medium in which the underground portion of the plant that has enlarged during cultivation is sandwiched.
Also, when washing vertical hydroponic cylinders for repeated use, it was difficult to wash because there were only narrow slit-shaped empty portions, and it was difficult to check whether they were washed properly.
As described above, the conventional technique has various problems in workability.
Furthermore, in order to hook and remove with a hook or the like, if the portion where the hook is hooked is repeatedly used, it stretches or tears, and there is a problem in durability.
　本発明の解決しようとする課題は、栽培植物の根腐れを防止し、少ない養液の供給で植物を効率的に栽培することができる、又は、高収量で栽培することができる縦型水耕栽培システム及び縦型水耕栽培方法を提供することにある。
　また、本発明の解決しようとする課題は、植物の苗又は種の定植等の栽培のための準備作業から栽培期間中・栽培終了後の撤去・撤去後の外枠の洗浄作業など一連の作業を少ない労力で簡単に行なえるようにし、なおかつ、耐久性が良く長く使用でき、高いコストをかけずに実施可能な縦型水耕栽培システム及び縦型水耕栽培方法を提供することにある。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is to prevent root rot of cultivated plants and to cultivate plants efficiently by supplying a small amount of nutrient solution, or vertical hydroponics that can be cultivated with high yield The object is to provide a cultivation system and a vertical hydroponics method.
In addition, the problem to be solved by the present invention is a series of operations such as preparatory work for cultivation such as plant seedling or seed planting, removal during cultivation period, removal after cultivation, and washing of the outer frame after removal It is an object of the present invention to provide a vertical hydroponic cultivation system and a vertical hydroponic cultivation method that can be easily performed with a small amount of labor, have high durability, can be used for a long time, and can be implemented without high costs.
　上記課題を解決するため本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、ハウスの天井に吊下げ又は床面に立設した縦型水耕栽培筒と、縦型水耕栽培筒内に抜き差し可能に収容した培地と、養液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段と、を備えた縦型水耕栽培システムであって、
　前記縦型水耕栽培筒は、少なくともその一方向に植物の苗又は種子を植え込むための一つ以上の垂直方向のスリット又は複数の開口部を備え、
　前記培地は、保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成され、
　前記縦型水耕栽培筒の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備えていることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention is accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation tube suspended on the ceiling of the house or erected on the floor, and detachable in the vertical hydroponic cultivation tube. A vertical hydroponics system comprising a culture medium and a nutrient solution supply means for supplying nutrient solution to the culture medium from a nutrient solution storage tank,
The vertical hydroponics tube comprises one or more vertical slits or a plurality of openings for planting plant seedlings or seeds in at least one direction thereof,
The medium is composed of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof,
A guide member having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end of the water retention sheet at the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder; It is characterized by.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　案内部材は、縦型水耕栽培筒の上端開口部に養液供給手段から滴下する養液を保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップである場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The guide member is a funnel-type cap having, at the lower end, a nutrient solution supply opening that guides the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder. There is a case.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　養液供給開口部が保水性シートに触れている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The nutrient solution supply opening may touch the water retention sheet.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　保水性シートの厚さが２ｍｍ以上である場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The thickness of the water retention sheet may be 2 mm or more.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　保水性シートの上端が両通気性素材の上面より突出している場合がある。
　さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　通気性素材の上端より突出した保水性シートの上端部を少なくとも一方の通気性素材の上面に折り曲げ載置され、
　養液供給開口部から養液を折り曲げ載置された保水性シートに滴下するように構成されている場合がある。
　また、さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　折り曲げられた保水性シートは、その先端に行くにつれて肉厚が厚くなることでその上面が保水性シートを中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜状に形成され、
　養液供給開口部から養液を前記折り曲げ載置された保水性シートに滴下するように構成されている場合がある。
　また、さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　少なくとも折り曲げられた保水性シート側の通気性素材の上面に保水性シートを中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜上面を有する傾斜部材を備え、
　養液供給開口部から養液を折り曲げ載置された保水性シートに滴下するように構成されている場合がある。
　また、さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　折り曲げられた保水性シート側の通気性素材の上面が保水性シートを中心として外側に行くにつれて高くなる傾斜状に形成され、
　養液供給開口部から養液を折り曲げ載置された保水性シートに滴下するように構成されている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The upper end of the water retention sheet may protrude from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The upper end of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials,
The nutrient solution may be configured to be dripped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The folded water-retaining sheet is formed in an inclined shape that increases in thickness as it goes to the tip, and its upper surface becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet as the center,
The nutrient solution may be configured to be dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the folded water-retaining sheet.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
At least an inclined member having an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes to the outside centering on the water retaining sheet on the upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the water retaining sheet that is folded,
The nutrient solution may be configured to be dripped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the folded water-retaining sheet is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet as the center,
The nutrient solution may be configured to be dripped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　キャップは、縦型水耕栽培筒内に収容された培地の上端部側を遮光する遮光壁を縦型水耕栽培筒のスリット又は開口部面側を塞ぐ状態で備えている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The cap may be provided with a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder in a state of closing the slit or the opening surface side of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　キャップの上端開口縁部にはキャップの上端開口部を開閉自在な蓋体を備えている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The upper end opening edge of the cap may be provided with a lid that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap.
　本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、ハウスの天井に吊下げ又は床面に立設した縦型水耕栽培筒と、縦型水耕栽培筒内に抜き差し可能に収容した培地と、養液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段とを備え、
　前記縦型水耕栽培筒は、少なくともその一方向に植物の苗又は種子を植え込むための一つ以上の垂直方向のスリット又は複数の開口部を備え、
　前記培地は、保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成し、
　前記縦型水耕栽培筒の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備え、
　前記養液供給手段から前記案内部材を介して保水性シートに養液を供給することにより、保水性シートに供給された養液で植物の苗又は種子を育成することを特徴とする。 The vertical hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention includes a vertical hydroponic cultivation tube suspended on the ceiling of a house or standing on a floor, a medium accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation tube so as to be removable, and a nutrient solution A nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution from the storage tank to the culture medium,
The vertical hydroponics tube comprises one or more vertical slits or a plurality of openings for planting plant seedlings or seeds in at least one direction thereof,
The medium is composed of a water retention sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof,
A guide member having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder at the upper end of the water retention sheet;
By supplying a nutrient solution to the water retention sheet from the nutrient solution supply means via the guide member, plant seedlings or seeds are grown with the nutrient solution supplied to the water retention sheet.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　案内部材を、縦型水耕栽培筒の上端開口部に養液供給手段から滴下する養液を保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップとする場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The guide member is a funnel-shaped cap having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder at the upper end of the water retention sheet. There is a case.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　養液供給開口部を保水性シートに触れさせる場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The nutrient solution supply opening may be brought into contact with the water retention sheet.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　保水性シートの厚さを２ｍｍ以上にする場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The thickness of the water retention sheet may be 2 mm or more.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　保水性シートの上端を両通気性素材の上面より突出させる場合がある。
　さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　通気性素材の上端より突出した保水性シートの上端部を少なくとも一方の通気性素材の上面に折り曲げ載置し、
　養液供給開口部から養液を前記折り曲げ載置された保水性シートに滴下するように構成する場合がある。
　また、さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　折り曲げられた保水性シートを、その先端に行くにつれて肉厚が厚くなることでその上面が保水性シートを中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜状に形成し、
　養液供給開口部から養液を折り曲げ載置された保水性シートに滴下するように構成する場合がある。
　また、さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　少なくとも折り曲げられた保水性シート側の通気性素材の上面に保水性シートを中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜上面を有する傾斜部材を備え、
　養液供給開口部から養液を折り曲げ載置された保水性シートに滴下するように構成する場合がある。
　また、さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　折り曲げられた保水性シート側の通気性素材の上面が保水性シートを中心として外側に行くにつれて高くなる傾斜状に形成し、
　養液供給開口部から養液を折り曲げ載置された保水性シートに滴下するように構成する場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
In some cases, the upper end of the water retaining sheet protrudes from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials,
There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening to the folded water-retaining sheet.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The folded water-retaining sheet is formed in a slanted shape so that its upper surface goes higher with the water-retaining sheet as the center by increasing its thickness as it goes to the tip,
There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
At least an inclined member having an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes to the outside centering on the water retaining sheet on the upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the water retaining sheet that is folded,
There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the folded water retaining sheet is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water retaining sheet as the center,
There is a case where the nutrient solution is dropped from the nutrient solution supply opening onto the water-retaining sheet that is folded and placed.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　キャップは、縦型水耕栽培筒内に収容された培地の上端部側を遮光する遮光壁を縦型水耕栽培筒のスリット又は開口部面側を塞ぐ状態で備えている場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The cap may be provided with a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder in a state of closing the slit or the opening surface side of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　キャップの上端開口縁部にはキャップの上端開口部を開閉自在な蓋体を備えている場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The upper end opening edge of the cap may be provided with a lid that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap.
　また、上記課題を解決するため本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成される縦長の培地と、保水性シートの一側縁部付近に保水性シートと通気性素材との間に植物の苗又は種を植え込むための一つ以上の隙間を開けて両通気性素材側から培地を挟み込む一対の分割型外枠と、両外枠相互間を着脱可能に連結する連結手段と、溶液収容タンクと、溶液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段とを備え、
　前記両外枠の横断面が前記隙間部分を残して各通気性素材の外周を囲う略コの字状又は略半円状であり、
　前記養液供給手段から保水性シートに養液を滴下させるように構成されていることを特徴とする。 Further, in order to solve the above problems, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention includes a vertically long medium composed of a water retaining sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and one side edge of the water retaining sheet. A pair of split outer frames, in which one or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds are planted between the water-retaining sheet and the breathable material in the vicinity, and the culture medium is sandwiched from both breathable materials, and both outer frames A connection means for detachably connecting each other, a solution storage tank, and a nutrient solution supply means for supplying a nutrient solution from the solution storage tank to the culture medium,
The cross sections of the outer frames are substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion,
It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet | seat from the said nutrient solution supply means.
　本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成される縦長の培地と、保水性シートの両側縁部付近にそれぞれ保水性シートと通気性素材との間に植物の苗又は種を植え込むための一つ以上の隙間を開けて両通気性素材側から培地を挟み込む一対の分割型外枠と、両外枠相互間を着脱可能に連結する連結手段と、溶液収容タンクと、溶液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段とを備え、
　前記両外枠の横断面が前記隙間部分を残して各通気性素材の外周を囲う略コの字状又は略半円状であり、
　前記養液供給手段から保水性シートに養液を滴下させるように構成されていることを特徴とする。 The vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention comprises a vertically long medium composed of a water retentive sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and a water retentive sheet and a breathable part near both side edges of the water retentive sheet, respectively. One or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between the material and a pair of split outer frames sandwiching the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and the outer frames are detachably connected. A connection means, a solution storage tank, and a nutrient solution supply means for supplying a nutrient solution from the solution storage tank to the culture medium,
The cross sections of the outer frames are substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion,
It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet | seat from the said nutrient solution supply means.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　両外枠の上端面の少なくとも一部分を覆う天板部を有する場合がある。
　さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　天板部が両外枠の対面側へ向けて下向きに傾斜する斜面に形成されている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
There may be a top plate portion that covers at least a part of the upper end surfaces of both outer frames.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
There is a case where the top plate is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames.
　また、本発明の記載の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　両外枠相互間の植物の苗又は種を植え込むための隙間が縦方向細長く連続する状態で形成されている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system described in the present invention is
The space for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between both outer frames may be formed in a state of being elongated in the vertical direction.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　両外枠相互間の植物の苗又は種を植え込むため隙間が縦方向一定間隔の下に複数形成されている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
In order to plant plant seeds or seeds between the two outer frames, a plurality of gaps may be formed under a certain interval in the vertical direction.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　連結手段が両外枠間を着脱可能にかみ合わせる構造である場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
In some cases, the connecting means has a structure in which the outer frames are detachably engaged.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　連結手段が両外枠の外周の少なくとも１か所を巻き締める結束バンドである場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
In some cases, the connecting means is a binding band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of the outer frames.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　連結手段が両外枠の外周の少なくとも１か所を巻き締める熱溶融バンドである場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
In some cases, the connecting means is a hot-melt band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of both outer frames.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　養液供給手段の養液滴下口が保水性シートの真上に位置するように固定する固定手段を備えている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
There may be a case where a fixing means for fixing the nutrient liquid drop outlet of the nutrient solution supply means so as to be positioned right above the water retention sheet is provided.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　養液供給手段の養液滴下口が保水性シートに触れている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
There is a case where the lowering mouth of the nutrient solution supply means touches the water retaining sheet.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　養液供給手段の養液滴下口が保水性シートと一方の通気性素材の上端部相互間に挟み込まれている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
In some cases, the nutrient solution lowering port of the nutrient solution supply means is sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the upper end of one of the breathable materials.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　連結された両外枠および培地で形成された縦長の柱状体の上端開口部に養液供給手段から滴下する養液を保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備えている場合がある。
　さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　案内部材は、両外枠の上端開口部に養液供給手段から滴下する養液を保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップである場合がある。
　また、さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　キャップは、両外枠内に収容された培地の上端部側を遮光する遮光壁を両外枠で囲まれていない側面部分の少なくとも一部分を塞ぐ状態で備えている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The lower end portion has a nutrient solution supply opening for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet at the upper end opening portion of the vertically long columnar body formed of both the outer frames and the culture medium connected to each other. A guide member may be provided.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The guide member may be a funnel-type cap having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end openings of both outer frames to the upper end of the water retention sheet. .
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The cap may include a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium contained in both outer frames in a state in which at least a part of the side surface portion not surrounded by both outer frames is closed.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　保水性シートの上端が両通気性素材の上面より突出している場合がある。
　さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　通気性素材の上端より突出した保水性シートの上端部を少なくとも一方の通気性素材の上面に折り曲げ載置されている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The upper end of the water retention sheet may protrude from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
In some cases, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　養液供給手段には保水性シートへの養液供給量を調整する流量調整手段を備え、流量調整手段から養液を保水性シートに滴下させるように構成され、
　保水性シートの下端部には水分量センサを備えている場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
The nutrient solution supply means includes a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the nutrient solution supply amount to the water retention sheet, and is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the flow rate adjustment means onto the water retention sheet.
A water content sensor may be provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムは、
　保水性シートに接する状態で温熱ヒーターを備える場合がある。 Moreover, the vertical hydroponics system of the present invention is
A thermal heater may be provided in contact with the water retention sheet.
　本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成される縦長の培地と、保水性シートの一側縁部付近に保水性シートと通気性素材との間に植物の苗又は種を植え込むための一つ以上の隙間を開けて両通気性素材側から培地を挟み込む一対の分割型外枠と、両外枠相互間を着脱可能に連結する連結手段と、溶液収容タンクと、溶液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段とを備え、
　前記両外枠の横断面が前記隙間部分を残して各通気性素材の外周を囲う略コの字状又は略半円状にし、
　前記養液供給手段から保水性シートに養液を滴下させるように構成されていることを特徴とする。 The vertical hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention comprises a vertically long medium composed of a water retentive sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and a water retentive sheet and a breathability near one side edge of the water retentive sheet. One or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between the material and a pair of split outer frames sandwiching the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and the outer frames are detachably connected. A connection means, a solution storage tank, and a nutrient solution supply means for supplying a nutrient solution from the solution storage tank to the culture medium,
The cross section of both outer frames is substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion,
It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet | seat from the said nutrient solution supply means.
　本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成される縦長の培地と、保水性シートの両側縁部付近にそれぞれ保水性シートと通気性素材との間に植物の苗又は種を植え込むための一つ以上の隙間を開けて両通気性素材側から培地を挟み込む一対の分割型外枠と、両外枠相互間を着脱可能に連結する連結手段と、溶液収容タンクと、溶液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段とを備え、
　前記両外枠の横断面が前記隙間部分を残して各通気性素材の外周を囲う略コの字状又は略半円状にし、
　前記養液供給手段から保水性シートに養液を滴下させるように構成されていることを特徴とする。 The vertical hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention comprises a vertically long medium composed of a water retentive sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, and a water retentive sheet and a breathability in the vicinity of both side edges of the water retentive sheet, respectively. One or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between the material and a pair of split outer frames sandwiching the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and the outer frames are detachably connected. A connection means, a solution storage tank, and a nutrient solution supply means for supplying a nutrient solution from the solution storage tank to the culture medium,
The cross section of both outer frames is substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion,
It is comprised so that a nutrient solution may be dripped at a water retention sheet | seat from the said nutrient solution supply means.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　両外枠の上端面の少なくとも一部分を覆う天板部を有する場合がある。
　さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　天板部が両外枠の対面側へ向けて下向きに傾斜する斜面に形成されている場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
There may be a top plate portion that covers at least a part of the upper end surfaces of both outer frames.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
There is a case where the top plate is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　両外枠相互間の植物の苗又は種を植え込むための隙間が縦方向細長く連続する状態で形成されている場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The space for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between both outer frames may be formed in a state of being elongated in the vertical direction.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　両外枠相互間の植物の苗又は種を植え込むため隙間が縦方向一定間隔の下に複数形成されている場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
In order to plant plant seeds or seeds between the two outer frames, a plurality of gaps may be formed under a certain interval in the vertical direction.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　連結手段が両外枠間を着脱可能にかみ合わせる構造である場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
In some cases, the connecting means has a structure in which the outer frames are detachably engaged.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　連結手段が両外枠の外周の少なくとも１か所を巻き締める結束バンドである場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
In some cases, the connecting means is a binding band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of the outer frames.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　連結手段が両外枠の外周の少なくとも１か所を巻き締める熱溶融バンドである場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
In some cases, the connecting means is a hot-melt band that winds at least one of the outer circumferences of both outer frames.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　養液供給手段の養液滴下口が保水性シートの真上に位置するように固定する固定手段を備えている場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
There may be a case where a fixing means for fixing the nutrient liquid drop outlet of the nutrient solution supply means so as to be positioned right above the water retention sheet is provided.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　養液供給手段の養液滴下口が保水性シートに触れている場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
There is a case where the lowering mouth of the nutrient solution supply means touches the water retaining sheet.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　養液供給手段の養液滴下口が保水性シートと一方の通気性素材の上端部相互間に挟み込まれている場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
In some cases, the nutrient solution lowering port of the nutrient solution supply means is sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the upper end of one of the breathable materials.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　連結された両外枠および培地で形成された縦長の柱状体の上端開口部に養液供給手段から滴下する養液を保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備える場合がある。
　さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　案内部材は、両外枠の上端開口部に養液供給手段から滴下する養液を保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップである場合がある。
　また、さらに、本発明の記載の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　キャップは、両外枠内に収容された培地の上端部側を遮光する遮光壁を両外枠で囲まれていない側面部分の少なくとも一部分を塞ぐ状態で備える場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The lower end portion has a nutrient solution supply opening for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet at the upper end opening portion of the vertically long columnar body formed of both the outer frames and the culture medium connected to each other. A guide member may be provided.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The guide member may be a funnel-type cap having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end openings of both outer frames to the upper end of the water retention sheet. .
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method described in the present invention,
The cap may include a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium contained in both outer frames in a state in which at least a part of the side surface portion not surrounded by both outer frames is blocked.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　保水性シートの上端が両通気性素材の上面より突出している場合がある。
　さらに、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　通気性素材の上端より突出した保水性シートの上端部を少なくとも一方の通気性素材の上面に折り曲げ載置されている場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The upper end of the water retention sheet may protrude from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials.
Furthermore, the vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
In some cases, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　養液供給手段には保水性シートへの養液供給量を調整する流量調整手段を備え、流量調整手段から養液を保水性シートに滴下させるように構成され、
　保水性シートの下端部には水分量センサを備えている場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
The nutrient solution supply means includes a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the nutrient solution supply amount to the water retention sheet, and is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the flow rate adjustment means onto the water retention sheet.
A water content sensor may be provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　保水性シートに接する状態で温熱ヒーターを備える場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
A thermal heater may be provided in contact with the water retention sheet.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　保水性シートと通水性素材との間に植物のさし穂を定植する場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
Plant cuttings may be planted between the water-holding sheet and the water-permeable material.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培方法は、
　保水性シートに根を張っている植物を保水性シートに付着した状態で両通気性素材間に挟んで定植する場合がある。 The vertical hydroponics method of the present invention is
In some cases, a plant rooted in the water-holding sheet is planted by being sandwiched between both breathable materials in a state of being attached to the water-holding sheet.
　本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、縦型水耕栽培筒内に抜き差し可能に収容した培地を、植物の苗又は種子を植え込む保水性シートと、その両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成し、養液を保水性シート上端部に滴下させるようにしたことで、保水性シートと通気性素材との間に挟み込んだ植物の苗の根に確実に水と酸素が供給されるため、栽培植物の枯れや根腐れを防止することができる。
　また、培地として保水性シートと通気性素材の２部構成にし、役割分担することにより、保水性は低いが通気性に優れて安価なものや供給容易なもの・通気性は低いが保水性に優れて安価なものや供給容易なものであれば広く使用でき、材料の選択の幅を広げることができる。
　また、重量が軽い、壊れにくいものなどを選択することにより、使い易さ等の性能を向上させることができる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, as described above, a medium that is detachably accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder, a water retention sheet for planting plant seedlings or seeds, and an aeration sandwiching both sides thereof Water and oxygen is supplied to the roots of plant seedlings sandwiched between the water retention sheet and the breathable material. Therefore, it is possible to prevent cultivated plants from withering and root rot.
In addition, the medium has a two-part structure consisting of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material. Any material that is excellent and inexpensive or can be easily supplied can be used widely, and the range of selection of materials can be expanded.
In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
　また、前記縦型水耕栽培筒の上端開口部に養液供給手段から滴下する養液を保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備えることで、養液が通気性素材方向に漏れ出ることなしに、保水性シートに確実に案内することができる。これにより、養液の落下位置のバラツキが大きい養液供給装置を用いて養液滴下位置が多少左右にずれてしまったとしても、植物に到達する養液が少なくなって枯れてしまうリスクを低減できる。
　上述の案内部材を使わずに、通気性素材と保水シートに養液滴下チューブの先端を挟んだりする方法でも養液を保水性シートに集めることはできるが、上述の案内部材を用いた場合の方が、養液滴下手段の滴下口部分が目で見える状態にできるので、養液の詰まりがないかの確認が容易である。
　これにより、目視でのチェックも容易になるのに加え、監視カメラを連動させることにより、遠隔での監視も可能になる。 Moreover, by providing the guide member which has the nutrient solution supply opening part which guides the nutrient solution dripped from a nutrient solution supply means to the upper end part of the vertical hydroponic cultivation pipe to the upper end part of a water retention sheet in a lower end part, The nutrient solution can be reliably guided to the water retention sheet without leaking in the direction of the breathable material. This reduces the risk of dying due to less nutrient solution reaching the plant, even if the nutrient solution drop position slightly shifts to the left or right using a nutrient solution supply device with large variations in nutrient solution drop position. it can.
The nutrient solution can be collected on the water retaining sheet even by the method of sandwiching the tip of the nutrient drop lower tube between the breathable material and the water retaining sheet without using the above guiding member, but when the above guiding member is used. However, since the dripping port portion of the nutrient droplet lowering means can be made visible, it is easier to check whether the nutrient solution is clogged.
This facilitates visual check and also enables remote monitoring by linking the monitoring camera.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、縦型水耕栽培筒内に抜き差し可能に収容した培地を、植物の苗又は種子を植え込む保水性シートと、その両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成し、養液を保水性シート上端部に滴下させるようにしたことで、保水性シートと通気性素材との間に挟み込んだ植物の苗の根に確実に水と酸素が供給されるため、栽培植物の枯れや根腐れを防止することができる。
　また、培地として保水性シートと通気性素材の２部構成にし、役割分担することにより、保水性は低いが通気性に優れて安価なものや供給容易なもの・通気性は低いが保水性に優れて安価なものや供給容易なものであれば広く使用でき、材料の選択の幅を広げることができる。
　また、重量が軽い、壊れにくいものなどを選択することにより、使い易さ等の性能を向上させることができる。 Further, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, as described above, a medium that is detachably accommodated in a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder is sandwiched between a water retention sheet for planting plant seedlings or seeds, and both sides thereof. It is made up of a breathable material, and the nutrient solution is dripped onto the upper end of the water-retaining sheet, so that water and oxygen are surely attached to the roots of plant seedlings sandwiched between the water-retaining sheet and the breathable material. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the cultivated plants from withering and root rot.
In addition, the medium has a two-part structure consisting of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material. Any material that is excellent and inexpensive or can be easily supplied can be used widely, and the range of selection of materials can be expanded.
In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
　また、前記案内部材として、縦型水耕栽培筒の上端開口部に養液供給手段から滴下する養液を保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液滴下口を下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップとすることで、縦型水耕栽培筒の上端開口部の開放部分面積を大幅に減らすことができ、縦型水耕栽培筒内へのほこり（カビの胞子も含まれる）の侵入を抑制することができる。
　また、縦型水耕栽培筒上端よりも高く栽培植物が伸びた場合、キャップをしていないと収穫時等に葉や茎が栽培筒内部へ入ってしまい、それが放置されることでハダニ等の虫の繁殖源になったり腐ったりしてしまう。上述のキャップをすることにより、葉や茎の侵入を抑制できるとともに、キャップだけをとりはずせば容易に葉や茎の清掃が可能であって、病虫害のリスク低減を簡便な方法ですることができる。
　またさらに培地への光の侵入を抑制することができるので、培地へのカビや藻の発生を抑制することができるようになる。
　植物に病害性をもたない種類であっても、長期間栽培を続けていくと、藻が保水性シートの表面に繁茂することで外観の印象が悪くなるだけでなく、保水性シートの表面が疎水的になり、保水能力が低減してくる。これにより、滴下した養液の一部が通気性素材側にロスされ、ひいては植物への養液供給が不足していく。
　これに対し、上述のような漏斗型のキャップとすることで、長期間の連続栽培においても、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を効率的に栽培することができるようになる。 Further, as the guide member, a funnel-type cap having a nourishing liquid drop outlet at the lower end for guiding the nourishing liquid dropped from the nourishing liquid supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder to the upper end of the water retention sheet By doing so, the open area of the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder can be significantly reduced, and the entry of dust (including mold spores) into the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder is suppressed. be able to.
Also, if the cultivated plant grows higher than the top of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder, if it is not capped, leaves and stems will enter the cultivation cylinder at the time of harvest, etc. It becomes a breeding source for worms and rots. By applying the above-mentioned cap, the invasion of leaves and stems can be suppressed, and if only the cap is removed, the leaves and stems can be easily cleaned, and the risk of pest damage can be reduced by a simple method. .
Furthermore, since light can be prevented from entering the medium, generation of mold and algae into the medium can be suppressed.
Even if it is a kind that does not cause disease to plants, if it continues to grow for a long time, the algae grows on the surface of the water retention sheet, not only the appearance impression worsens, but also the surface of the water retention sheet Becomes hydrophobic and water retention capacity is reduced. Thereby, a part of dripped nutrient solution is lost to the breathable material side, and eventually the nutrient solution supply to the plant becomes insufficient.
On the other hand, by using a funnel-type cap as described above, plants can be efficiently cultivated with a minimum amount of nutrient droplets dropped even during long-term continuous cultivation.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、案内部材の下端開口部が保水性シート上端部に触れた状態にすることで、養液が通気性素材方向に漏れでることなしに、保水性シートに確実に滴下させることができる。
　また、養液滴下チューブからの養液詰まりがないことの確認も容易に行える。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 Moreover, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, as described above, the nutrient solution leaks in the direction of the breathable material by bringing the lower end opening of the guide member into contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet. Without being able to be dripped reliably to a water retention sheet.
In addition, it can be easily confirmed that there is no clogging of the nutrient solution from the nutrient droplet lower tube.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、保水性シートの厚さを２ｍｍ以上とすることで、養液を保水性シートにさらに確実に滴下させることができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 Moreover, in the vertical hydroponics system of this invention, as above-mentioned, a nutrient solution can be dripped more reliably to a water retention sheet | seat by setting the thickness of a water retention sheet | seat to 2 mm or more.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、保水性シートの上端が両通気性素材の上面より突出することで、滴下口との距離を近づけることができるため、養液を先ず保水性シートにさらに滴下させることができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 Moreover, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, as described above, the upper end of the water retention sheet protrudes from the upper surfaces of both breathable materials, so that the distance from the dripping port can be reduced. Can be further dripped onto the water retaining sheet.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、通気性素材の上端より突出した保水性シートの上端部を少なくとも一方の通気性素材の上面に折り曲げ載置することで、単に保水性シートを通気性素材に挟んだだけの場合比べて養液の一部を通気性素材側にロスすることなく、養液を保水性シートに効果的に集めることができる。 Further, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, as described above, the upper end portion of the water retention sheet protruding from the upper end of the breathable material is simply folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials. The nutrient solution can be effectively collected in the water retention sheet without losing a part of the nutrient solution to the breathable material side as compared with the case where the water retention sheet is simply sandwiched between the breathable materials.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、折り曲げられた保水性シートは、その先端に行くにつれて肉厚が厚くなることでその上面が保水性シートを中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜状に形成することにより、折り曲げられた保水性シートに滴下した養液の外部への飛び跳ねを防止すると共に、上面にとどまる時間が、傾斜が無い場合に比べ短くなることにより保水性シートに滴下された養液の通気性素材方向への漏れだしや上面での蒸発を抑制し、効率的に養液を活用することができるようになる。 Moreover, in the vertical hydroponics system of this invention, as above-mentioned, the folded water retention sheet | seat increases in thickness as it goes to the front-end | tip, and the upper surface goes outside centering on a water retention sheet | seat. By forming it in an inclined shape that becomes higher with increasing the time, the nutrient solution dripped onto the folded water retention sheet is prevented from jumping to the outside, and the time remaining on the upper surface is shortened compared to when there is no inclination. Leakage of the nutrient solution dropped onto the water retention sheet is prevented from leaking in the direction of the breathable material and evaporation on the upper surface, and the nutrient solution can be used efficiently.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、少なくとも折り曲げられた保水性シート側の通気性素材の上面に保水性シートを中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜上面を有する傾斜部材を備えることで、折り曲げられた保水性シートの上面が傾斜面となることにより、折り曲げられた保水性シートに滴下した養液の外部への飛び跳ねを防止すると共に、上面にとどまる時間が傾斜が無い場合に比べ短くなることにより保水性シートに滴下された養液の通気性素材方向への漏れだしや上面での蒸発を抑制し、効率的に養液を活用することができるようになる。 Further, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, as described above, the upper surface of the breathable material on the side of the folded water retention sheet has an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water retention sheet as the center. By providing the inclined member having, the upper surface of the folded water retention sheet becomes an inclined surface, thereby preventing jumping of the nutrient solution dripped onto the folded water retention sheet to the outside and the time remaining on the upper surface. By shortening compared to the case without inclination, the nutrient solution dripped onto the water-holding sheet is prevented from leaking in the direction of the breathable material and evaporation on the top surface, so that the nutrient solution can be used efficiently. Become.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、折り曲げられた保水性シート側の通気性素材の上面が保水性シートを中心として外側に行くにつれて高くなる傾斜状に形成されることで、折り曲げられた保水性シートの上面が傾斜面となることにより、折り曲げられた保水性シートに滴下した養液の外部への飛び跳ねを防止すると共に、上面にとどまる時間が傾斜が無い場合に比べ短くなることにより保水性シートに滴下された養液の通気性素材方向への漏れだしや上面での蒸発を抑制し、効率的に養液を活用することができるようになる。 Moreover, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, as described above, the upper surface of the folded breathable material on the water-retaining sheet side is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet as the center. Thus, when the upper surface of the folded water retention sheet becomes an inclined surface, the nutrient solution dripped onto the folded water retention sheet is prevented from jumping to the outside, and the time remaining on the upper surface is not inclined. By being shorter, leakage of the nutrient solution dropped onto the water-holding sheet in the direction of the breathable material and evaporation on the upper surface can be suppressed, and the nutrient solution can be used efficiently.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、前記キャップには、縦型水耕栽培筒内に収容された培地の上端部側を遮光する遮光壁を縦型水耕栽培筒のスリット又は開口部面側を塞ぐ状態で備えることで、保水性シート表面へのほこり（カビの胞子も含まれる）の付着を抑制するとともに保水性シート表面へ光があたることを抑制し、これにより、培地へのカビや藻の発生を抑制することができるようになる。 Moreover, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, the cap has a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium contained in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder as a slit or opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder. By covering the surface of the surface, it prevents dust (including mold spores) from adhering to the surface of the water-retaining sheet and suppresses light from being applied to the surface of the water-retaining sheet. The generation of mold and algae can be suppressed.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、キャップの上端開口縁部にキャップの上端開口部を開閉自在な蓋体を備えることで、縦型水耕栽培筒を使用していないときには案内部材の口を完全に閉鎖することにより、キャップ内へのほこり（カビの胞子も含まれる）の侵入を防止することができるようになる。 Moreover, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, a guide member is provided when the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder is not used by providing a lid that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap at the upper end opening edge of the cap. By completely closing the mouth, it is possible to prevent dust (including mold spores) from entering the cap.
　また、本発明の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、外枠として、保水性シートの一側縁部付近に保水性シートと通気性素材との間に植物の苗又は種を植え込むための一つ以上の隙間を開けて両通気性素材側から培地を挟み込む一対の分割型外枠とし、両外枠相互間を連結手段で着脱可能に連結する構造としたことで、従来極めて面倒で時間と労力を要していた植物の苗又は種の植え付け等の準備作業及び植物収穫後の外枠の洗浄作業が時間や労力を要せず簡単に行なえるようになる。
　また、外枠を分割型にすることにより、運搬時には従来品の栽培筒の半分程度の体積にすることができ、また、在庫として収納する際にもスペースが少なくてすむというメリットが有る。 Moreover, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, as described above, plant seedlings or seeds are planted between the water retention sheet and the breathable material in the vicinity of one side edge of the water retention sheet as the outer frame. A pair of split outer frames with one or more gaps between them to sandwich the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, and a structure in which both outer frames are detachably connected by a connecting means, has been extremely troublesome in the past. Therefore, preparation work such as planting seedlings or seeds of plants that required time and labor, and cleaning of the outer frame after harvesting plants can be easily performed without requiring time and labor.
Moreover, by making the outer frame into a split type, it is possible to reduce the volume to about half of the conventional cultivation cylinder during transportation, and there is an advantage that less space is required when storing as a stock.
　また、特許文献３に記載されている培地を抜き差しするタイプのものでは、定植および苗撤去時にフック等で引っ張るために、繰り返し使用すると折り畳んでフックをひっかける部分が劣化し、培地がちぎれてしまい耐久性が悪いという欠点が有った。
　これに対し、本出願のように分割型外枠で培地の外周を囲うようにすると、培地を抜き差しする必要がなくなるので、培地がちぎれることがなくなり結果として栽培装置全体の持ちが向上する。 In addition, in the type in which the medium described in Patent Document 3 is inserted and removed, it is pulled with a hook or the like at the time of planting and removing seedlings. There was a disadvantage that the nature was bad.
On the other hand, when the outer periphery of the culture medium is surrounded by the split outer frame as in the present application, it is not necessary to insert and remove the culture medium.
　また、抜き差しできるように培地を半分に折りたたむ必要がない、すなわち、抜きさしのための折りたたみ部分の厚みを確保する必要がなくなるので、最長では隙間の長さ全部を、植物を植えこむために使用できる。
　これにより、従来の抜き差しタイプ（外筒一体型）に比べ、よりたくさんの苗を同じ長さの１本の栽培筒に植えることができる。 In addition, it is not necessary to fold the culture medium in half so that it can be inserted and removed, that is, it is not necessary to secure the thickness of the folding part for removal, so the longest gap length is used for planting. it can.
Thereby, compared with the conventional insertion / extraction type (outer cylinder integrated type), many seedlings can be planted in one cultivation cylinder of the same length.
　また、抜き差しが不要になることで、隙間形状は必ずしも縦方向に連続している必要はなく、苗を植える最小限の隙間以外は閉じた形にしておくことも可能になる。これにより、培地上で生育した植物の茎元や地下部に光が当たることを抑制することが可能になるとともに、培地からの水分蒸発を抑制することも可能になる。 Also, since the insertion / extraction is not required, the gap shape does not necessarily have to be continuous in the vertical direction, and it is possible to make it a closed shape other than the minimum gap for planting seedlings. As a result, it is possible to prevent light from being applied to the stems and underground parts of plants grown on the medium, and it is also possible to suppress water evaporation from the medium.
　また、保水性シートの両側縁部付近にそれぞれ保水性シートと通気性素材との間に植物の苗又は種を植え込むための一つ以上の隙間を開けることで、従来の１側面のみに植えこむ場合に比べて栽培可能な植物苗の本数を最大で２倍に、ひいては植物の生産収量も大幅に増やすことができる。 In addition, by planting one or more gaps for planting seedlings or seeds of plants between the water-holding sheet and the breathable material in the vicinity of both side edges of the water-holding sheet, the plant is planted on only one conventional side surface. Compared to the case, the number of plant seedlings that can be cultivated can be doubled at the maximum, and the production yield of plants can be greatly increased.
　また、両外枠の上端面を覆う天板部を備えることで、上端開口部の開放部分面積を大幅に減らすことができ、両外枠内へのほこり（カビの胞子も含まれる）の侵入を抑制することができる。またさらに培地への光の侵入を抑制することができるので、培地へのカビや藻の発生を抑制することができるようになる。
　また、天板部が両外枠の対面側へ向けて下向きに傾斜する斜面に形成されていることで、滴下した養液を保水性シートに集中的に供給することができるようになる。 Also, by providing a top plate that covers the upper end surfaces of both outer frames, the open area of the upper end opening can be greatly reduced, and dust (including mold spores) intrudes into both outer frames. Can be suppressed. Furthermore, since light can be prevented from entering the medium, generation of mold and algae into the medium can be suppressed.
Moreover, since the top plate portion is formed on the slope inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames, the dropped nutrient solution can be concentratedly supplied to the water retention sheet.
　また、植物の苗又は種を植え込むための隙間が縦方向細長く連続する状態で形成されていることにより、定植する植物の大きさにあわせて柔軟に株間隔を調節することが可能になる。 Also, since the gaps for planting plant seeds or seeds are formed in a state of being elongated in the vertical direction, the strain interval can be adjusted flexibly according to the size of the plant to be planted.
　一方、隙間が縦方向一定間隔の下に複数形成されている場合は、作業に熟練している人でなくても、植えるべき間隔で素早く苗を定植することが可能となる。 On the other hand, when a plurality of gaps are formed at regular intervals in the vertical direction, even if not a person skilled in the work, it becomes possible to quickly plant seedlings at intervals to be planted.
　また、養液供給手段の養液滴下口が保水性シートの真上に位置するように固定する固定手段を備えることで、養液が通気性素材方向に漏れ出ることなしに、保水性シートに確実に滴下させることができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 In addition, by providing a fixing means for fixing the nutrient solution lowering port of the nutrient solution supply means so that it is located directly above the water retention sheet, the nutrient solution can be added to the water retention sheet without leaking in the direction of the breathable material. It can be dripped reliably.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　また、養液供給手段の養液滴下口が保水性シート上端部に触れた状態にすることで、養液が通気性素材方向に漏れでることなしに、保水性シートに確実に滴下させることができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 In addition, by making the nutrient solution lower end of the nutrient solution supply means touch the upper end of the water retention sheet, the nutrient solution can be reliably dropped onto the water retention sheet without leaking in the direction of the breathable material. it can.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　また、養液供給手段の養液滴下口が前記保水性シートと一方の通気性素材の上端部相互間に挟み込まれることで、養液を保水性シートに確実に滴下させることができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 Moreover, the nutrient solution lowering port of the nutrient solution supply means is sandwiched between the water retaining sheet and the upper end of one of the air-permeable materials, so that the nutrient solution can be reliably dropped onto the water retaining sheet.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　また、養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備えることにより、養液滴下手段の滴下口部分を目で見やすいような培地から上方に離した位置にした際も保水シートに液を確実に集めることができるので、養液の詰まりがないかの確認が容易である。
　これにより、目視でのチェックも容易になるのに加え、監視カメラを連動させることにより、遠隔での監視も可能になる。
　ひいては作業者の負担低減につながる。 Further, by providing a guide member having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet, Since the liquid can be reliably collected on the water retaining sheet even when the position is away from the medium so as to be easy to see, it is easy to check whether the nutrient solution is clogged.
This facilitates visual check and also enables remote monitoring by linking the monitoring camera.
As a result, the burden on the operator is reduced.
　また、上端部側を遮光する遮光壁を前記分割型外枠で囲まれていない側面部分の少なくとも一部分を塞ぐ状態で備えていることにより、上面のみを覆った場合より更に保水性シート表面へのほこり（カビの胞子も含まれる）の付着を抑制するとともに保水性シート表面へ光があたることを抑制し、これにより、培地へのカビや藻の発生を抑制することができるようになる。 In addition, by providing a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side in a state in which at least a part of the side surface portion that is not surrounded by the split outer frame is closed, the surface of the water-holding sheet is further covered than when only the upper surface is covered. Suppression of dust (including mold spores) and light from the surface of the water-retaining sheet can be suppressed, thereby suppressing generation of mold and algae on the medium.
　また、根のついている状態の植物の代わりに、さし穂をはさむ方法とすることにより、通常の根がついた植物を移植する場合に実施する、床や台の上などで通気性素材の上にのせた保水布上に植物を並べてからもう一方の通気性素材を上にのせてはさんだ状態をつくり結束するという方法に加え、通気性素材の間に保水シートをはさんだものを分割型外枠で囲った柱状体を植物なしで先に組み立てておき、通気性素材と保水シートの間に差し込んでいくという方法も実施しやすく、定植作業を１人で実施する場合であっても時間をかけず簡単に実施することが可能になる。
　また、周囲の収穫用に栽培している植物から挿し穂を切り取れば、育苗スペースや育苗期間無しに栽培植物を増やすことが可能なことも、作業低減に寄与する。 Also, instead of using a plant with roots in place, a method that uses a cutting needle is used to transplant normal rooted plants on a floor or table, etc. In addition to the method of placing plants on a water-retaining cloth and placing the other breathable material on top to create a sandwiched state and tie them together, the water-holding sheet sandwiched between the breathable materials is outside the split mold It is easy to carry out the method of assembling the columnar body surrounded by the frame first without the plant and inserting it between the breathable material and the water retention sheet, even if the planting work is carried out by one person, it takes time. It becomes possible to carry out easily without spending.
In addition, if cutting ears are cut out from the plants that are cultivated for harvesting, it is possible to increase the number of cultivated plants without raising a seedling space or a seedling raising period, which contributes to work reduction.
　また、保水性シートに付着した状態の植物の両側を通気性素材ではさんで定植する方法を用いることにより、草丈が高めの状態・地下部がある程度発達した状態で移植したい場合にも簡単に定植作業を行うことができる。 In addition, by using a method of planting both sides of the plant attached to the water retaining sheet with a breathable material, it is easy to plant even if you want to transplant in a state where the plant height is high or the underground part is developed to some extent Work can be done.
　また、縦型水耕栽培筒の下部から滴下した養液を収集し、養液収容タンクに回収する養液回収手段を備え、前記養液回収手段は、縦型水耕栽培筒の下部から滴下する養液を回収するドレンパンを備え、該ドレンパンに回収された養液を養液収容タンクに循環させるように構成されることにより、効率的に養液を活用することができ、養液にかかるコストを低減させることができる。
　また、養液の廃棄で環境に負荷を与えることも少ない。 The nutrient solution dripping from the lower part of the vertical hydroponics tube is collected and provided with a nutrient solution collecting means for collecting the nutrient solution in a nutrient solution storage tank. The nutrient solution collecting means is dripped from the lower part of the vertical hydroponics tube. A drain pan for collecting the nutrient solution to be collected and configured to circulate the nutrient solution collected in the drain pan to the nutrient solution storage tank, so that the nutrient solution can be used efficiently and applied to the nutrient solution Cost can be reduced.
In addition, there is little impact on the environment due to disposal of nutrient solution.
　また、養液供給手段には保水性シートへの養液供給量を調整する流量調整手段を備え、該流量調整手段から養液を保水性シートに滴下させるように構成され、保水性シートの下端部には水分量センサを備えることにより、保水性シートの下端部の水分量が飽和量を超えないように調整し、養液回収循環装置を設置しない、もしくは受け皿等簡易なものの設置で済ますことも可能である。あるいは、飽和量を少量だけ超過したごく少量の養液が循環するシステムとすることも可能である。 Further, the nutrient solution supply means is provided with a flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the supply amount of the nutrient solution to the water retention sheet, and is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the flow rate adjustment means onto the water retention sheet. Adjust the water content at the lower end of the water-holding sheet so that it does not exceed the saturation level by installing a moisture sensor in the unit, and do not install a nutrient solution recovery / circulation device or install a simple object such as a tray. Is also possible. Alternatively, a system in which a very small amount of nutrient solution exceeding a small amount is circulated can be used.
　また、保水性シートに接する状態で温熱ヒーターを備えることで、冬場においても保水性シートに接している植物の細根の周りの温度を適温に保つことができ、これにより、細根の発達を促し養液吸収率を大幅に向上させて収量の向上に繋げることができるようになるという効果が得られる。 In addition, by providing a thermal heater in contact with the water retention sheet, the temperature around the fine roots of the plants in contact with the water retention sheet can be maintained at an appropriate temperature even in winter, thereby promoting the development of fine roots and feeding. An effect is obtained in that the liquid absorption rate can be greatly improved and the yield can be improved.
実施例１の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す全体説明図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is whole explanatory drawing which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 1. FIG. 実施例１の要部拡大斜視図である。3 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of Example 1. FIG. 実施例１の培地を示す要部拡大正面図である。FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view showing a main part of the culture medium of Example 1. 図１のＡ－Ａ線における拡大横断断面図である。FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 実施例２の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す全体説明図である。It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponics system of Example 2. 実施例２の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 2. FIG. 実施例２のキャップを示す拡大平面図である。6 is an enlarged plan view showing a cap of Example 2. FIG. 図７のＢ－Ｂ線における断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 図７のＣ－Ｃ線における断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 実施例３の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 3. FIG. 実施例４の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 4. FIG. 実施例５の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 5. FIG. 実施例６の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 6. FIG. 実施例７の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 7. FIG. 実施例７の傾斜部材を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the inclination member of Example 7. FIG. 実施例８の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 8. FIG. 実施例９のキャップを示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the cap of Example 9. 図１７のＤ－Ｄ線における縦断側面図である。It is a vertical side view in the DD line of FIG. 実施例１０の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 10. FIG. 実験例１の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Experimental example 1. FIG. 実施例１１の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す全体説明図である。It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponics system of Example 11. 図２１のＡ－Ａ線における拡大横断断面図である。FIG. 22 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 21. 実施例１１の培地を示す要部拡大正面図である。FIG. 10 is an enlarged front view showing a main part of the culture medium of Example 11. 外枠を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows an outer frame. 実施例１１の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 11. FIG. 実施例１２の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 12. FIG. 実施例１３の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 13. FIG. 実施例１４の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 14. FIG. 実施例１５の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 15. FIG. 実施例１６の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 16. FIG. 実施例１７の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 17. FIG. 実施例１８の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 18. FIG. 実施例１８の傾斜部材を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the inclination member of Example 18. FIG. 実施例１９の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 19. FIG. 実施例２０の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す全体説明図である。It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponics system of Example 20. 実施例２１の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す全体説明図である。It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponics system of Example 21. 実施例２２の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 22. FIG. 実施例２３の外枠を示す斜視図である。42 is a perspective view showing an outer frame of Example 23. FIG. 実施例２４の外枠を示す斜視図である。FIG. 22 is a perspective view showing an outer frame of Example 24. 実施例２５の外枠を示す斜視図である。FIG. 38 is a perspective view showing an outer frame of Example 25. 実施例２６の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大正面図である。It is a principal part enlarged front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 26. 実施例２７の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す拡大横断面図である。It is an expansion cross-sectional view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 27. 実施例２８の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す拡大横断面図である。It is an expansion cross-sectional view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 28. 実施例２９の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す全体説明図である。It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponics system of Example 29. 実施例２９の要部拡大斜視図である。42 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of Example 29. FIG. 実施例３０の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す全体説明図である。It is a whole explanatory view showing the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 30. 実施例３０の縦型水耕栽培システムを示す要部拡大縦断正面図である。It is a principal part expansion vertical front view which shows the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 30. 実施例３０のキャップを示す拡大平面図である。It is an enlarged plan view which shows the cap of Example 30. 図４８のＢ－Ｂ線における断面図である。FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 48. 図４８のＣ－Ｃ線における断面図である。FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 48. 実施例３１のキャップを示す拡大平面図である。22 is an enlarged plan view showing a cap of Example 31. FIG. 図５１のＤ－Ｄ線における断面図である。FIG. 52 is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD of FIG. 51. 実施例３２のキャップを示す拡大縦断面図である。32 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a cap of Example 32. FIG.
　以下にこの発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
　まず、この実施例１の縦型水耕栽培システムを図面に基づいて説明する。
　この実施例１の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図１～４に示すように、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１と、培地１０２と、養液収容タンク１０３と、養液供給手段１０４と、養液回収手段１０５と、植物の苗又は種子１０６と、養液１０７と、案内部材１０８とを主な構成として備えている。 First, the vertical hydroponics system of Example 1 will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 1 includes a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101, a culture medium 102, a nutrient solution storage tank 103, a nutrient solution supply means 104, and a nutrient solution. A liquid recovery means 105, a plant seedling or seed 106, a nutrient solution 107, and a guide member 108 are provided as main components.
　さらに詳述すると、前記縦型水耕栽培筒１０１は、この実施例１では断面方形の筒状で、その一側面に植物の苗又は種子１０６を植え込むための垂直方向のスリット１１１を備え、ハウス等の天井に吊下げ又は床に立設した状態で設ける。
　なお、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１としては、断面四角形・円形など成型加工しやすい形状のものにスリット１１１又は複数の開口部を開けることで作成できる。あるいは、ＢｒｉｇｈｔＡｇｏｒｏｔｅｃｈ社のＺＩＰＧＲＯＷ（商標）などの既成の商品を活用することも可能である。 More specifically, the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is a cylinder having a square cross section in the first embodiment, and includes a vertical slit 111 for planting plant seedlings or seeds 106 on one side surface thereof. It is provided in a state where it is suspended on the ceiling or standing on the floor.
The vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 can be created by opening the slit 111 or a plurality of openings in a shape that is easy to mold, such as a square or circular cross section. Alternatively, it is also possible to utilize an existing product such as BrightAgorotech's ZIPGROW (trademark).
　前記培地１０２は、保水性シート１２１と、その両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材１２２、１２３と、で構成され、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１内に抜き差し可能に差込収容されている。 The medium 102 is composed of a water retention sheet 121 and breathable materials 122 and 123 sandwiching both surfaces thereof, and is inserted and accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 so as to be inserted and removed.
　前記案内部材１０８は、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１上端開口部に養液供給手段１０４から滴下する養液１０７を保水性シート１２１の上端部に適正に案内する役目をなす。
　この案内部材１０８は、図２にその詳細を示すように、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の上端開口縁部の前後の縁部に掛止する状態で備えられ、養液供給手段１０４からの養液を受け止める広めの上端開口部１０８ａの底部には、中央に向かって傾斜する傾斜面を介して養液供給開口部１０８ｂが設けられている。この養液供給開口部１０８ｂは、この実施例１では、保水性シート１２１の長手方向に沿って長いスリット状に形成されている。 The guide member 108 serves to properly guide the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 121.
As shown in detail in FIG. 2, the guide member 108 is provided in a state of being hooked on the front and rear edges of the upper end opening edge of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101, and is fed from the nutrient solution supply means 104. A nutrient solution supply opening 108b is provided at the bottom of the wide upper end opening 108a for receiving the liquid via an inclined surface inclined toward the center. In this example 1, the nutrient solution supply opening 108b is formed in a long slit shape along the longitudinal direction of the water retention sheet 121.
　前記養液供給手段１０４は、養液供給ポンプ１４１を備え、養液収容タンク１０３から養液供給パイプ１０４ａを介して案内部材１０８の上端開口部１０８ａ内に滴下することにより、下端の養液供給開口部１０８ｂから保水性シート１２１の上端部に養液１０７を滴下させる。
　養液１０７の滴下速度としては、０．０５ｇ／秒から１００ｇ／秒が好ましい。特に好ましくは、０．１ｇ／秒から５０ｇ／秒が好ましい。
　０．０５ｇ／秒未満では、養液１０７が保水性シート１２１に滴下したとしても蒸発により保水性シート１２１が乾燥してしまい十分な量の養液１０７が植物の根に供給されない。
　また、１００ｇ／秒よりも大きい値だと、保水性シート１２１に保持しきれない養液１０７が植物表面に流れ出し床を濡らす原因になる。そしてさらに、植物をつたっての液の流出が長時間続いた場合は、循環養液が全量消費されてしまい、ひいては供給される養液１０７が枯渇し、植物が枯れてしまうことになる。
　また、縦型水耕培施設内で、１つのポンプでくみ上げた養液１０７を循環させて使用する場合、縦型水耕培筒１０１の数が多くなるほど縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の１本あたりに配分できる滴下速度は小さくならざるをえない。
　従って、滴下速度を小さく設定した方が、高出力で高価なポンプを使わずに多数の栽培筒で植物栽培することが可能になる。 The nutrient solution supply means 104 includes a nutrient solution supply pump 141, and drops the nutrient solution at the lower end by dropping from the nutrient solution storage tank 103 into the upper end opening 108a of the guide member 108 via the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a. The nutrient solution 107 is dropped onto the upper end of the water retention sheet 121 from the opening 108b.
The dropping rate of the nutrient solution 107 is preferably 0.05 g / second to 100 g / second. Particularly preferred is 0.1 g / second to 50 g / second.
If it is less than 0.05 g / sec, even if the nutrient solution 107 is dropped on the water retention sheet 121, the water retention sheet 121 is dried by evaporation, and a sufficient amount of the nutrient solution 107 is not supplied to the plant roots.
On the other hand, when the value is larger than 100 g / sec, the nutrient solution 107 that cannot be held in the water-retaining sheet 121 flows out onto the plant surface and wets the floor. Further, when the outflow of the liquid through the plant continues for a long time, the whole amount of the circulating nutrient solution is consumed, so that the nutrient solution 107 supplied is exhausted and the plant is withered.
Further, when the nutrient solution 107 pumped up by one pump is circulated and used in the vertical hydroponic culture facility, one vertical hydroponic culture tube 101 increases as the number of the vertical hydroponic culture tubes 101 increases. The dripping speed that can be distributed to the area must be small.
Therefore, when the dropping speed is set to be small, plants can be cultivated in a large number of cultivation cylinders without using a high output and expensive pump.
　前記養液回収手段１０５は、保水性シート１２１の下端部から滴下する養液１０７を受け止めるドレンパン１５１と、養液回収循環ポンプ１５２とを備え、ドレンパン１５１に溜まった養液１０７を養液回収循環ポンプ１５２で養液収容タンク１０３に回収循環させる。 The nutrient solution recovery means 105 includes a drain pan 151 that receives the nutrient solution 107 dropped from the lower end of the water retention sheet 121 and a nutrient solution recovery circulation pump 152, and the nutrient solution 107 that has accumulated in the drain pan 151 is recovered and circulated. The nutrient solution storage tank 103 is collected and circulated by the pump 152.
　前記保水性シート１２１の厚さとしては、２ｍｍ以上とすることが望ましい。
　すなわち、厚みが大きいほど、滴下してくる養液１０７を保水性シート１２１上に確実に滴下させることができる。
　なお、保水性シート１２１は、１枚のシートである必要は必ずしもなく、複数枚のシートを重ねて使用してもよい。
　例えば、厚さ１ｍｍのシートを２枚以上重ねて通気性素材１２２、１２３に挟んで使用してもよい。
　厚みの上限値としては、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の厚みの８０％まで、より好ましくは７０％まであることが望ましい。それよりも厚くなると、含む養液１０７が多すぎるために重くなり、作業性がわるくなる。 The thickness of the water retaining sheet 121 is desirably 2 mm or more.
That is, as the thickness is larger, the dripping nutrient solution 107 can be reliably dropped onto the water retention sheet 121.
The water retention sheet 121 is not necessarily a single sheet, and a plurality of sheets may be used in a stacked manner.
For example, two or more sheets having a thickness of 1 mm may be stacked and sandwiched between the breathable materials 122 and 123.
The upper limit of the thickness is desirably up to 80%, more preferably up to 70% of the thickness of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101. If it becomes thicker than that, it will become heavy because there are too many nutrient solutions 107, and workability will become worse.
　次に、この実施例１の作用・効果を説明する。
　この実施例１の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように構成されるため、図２、３に示すように、保水性シート１２１と通気性素材１２２又は１２３との間に複数の植物の苗又は種子１０６を挟み込んだ状態で培地１０２を縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の中に差込装着し、養液供給ポンプ１４１で養液１０７を案内部材１０８の上端開口部１０８ａに滴下することにより、下端の養液供給開口部１０８ｂから保水性シート１２１の上端部に滴下させると、苗又は種子１０６は保水性シート１２１から養液１０７を吸収して成長する。
　この実施例１の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１内に抜き差し可能に収容した培地１０２を、植物の苗又は種子１０６を植え込む保水性シート１２１と、その両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材１２２、１２３とで構成し、養液１０７を保水性シート１２１上端部に滴下させるようにしたことで、保水性シート１２１と通気性素材１２２、１２３との間に挟み込んだ植物の苗又は種子１０６の根に確実に水と酸素が供給されるため、栽培植物の枯れや根腐れを防止することができる。
　また、培地１０２として保水性シート１２１と通気性素材１２２、１２３の２部構成にし、役割分担することにより、保水性は低いが通気性に優れて安価なものや供給容易なもの・通気性は低いが保水性に優れて安価なものや供給容易なものであれば広く使用でき、材料の選択の幅を広げることができる。
　また、重量が軽い、壊れにくいものなどを選択することにより、使い易さ等の性能を向上させることができる。
　また、縦型水耕栽培装置の少なくともその二方向以上に植物の苗又は種子を植えこむための一つ以上の垂直方向のスリット又は複数の開口部を備えることで、各縦型水耕栽培筒における栽培可能な植物苗の本数、ひいては植物の生産収量を大幅に増やすことができる。 Next, operations and effects of the first embodiment will be described.
Since the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 1 is configured as described above, a plurality of plants are provided between the water retention sheet 121 and the breathable material 122 or 123 as shown in FIGS. By inserting the medium 102 into the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 with the seedling or seed 106 sandwiched therebetween, and dropping the nutrient solution 107 onto the upper end opening 108a of the guide member 108 by the nutrient solution supply pump 141. When dripping from the lower nutrient solution supply opening 108b to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 121, the seedling or seed 106 grows by absorbing the nutrient solution 107 from the water retention sheet 121.
In the vertical hydroponics system of Example 1, as described above, the water retention sheet 121 for planting the seedlings or seeds 106 of the plant, the medium 102 accommodated in the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 so as to be removable, and It is composed of breathable materials 122 and 123 sandwiched between both surfaces, and the nutrient solution 107 is dropped on the upper end of the water retaining sheet 121, so that the water retaining sheet 121 and the breathable materials 122 and 123 are interposed between them. Since water and oxygen are reliably supplied to the roots of the plant seedlings or seeds 106 sandwiched, it is possible to prevent the cultivated plants from withering and root rot.
In addition, the medium 102 has a water retention sheet 121 and a breathable material 122, 123, and is divided into roles so that the water retention is low but the breathability is excellent and inexpensive, and the easy to supply / breathability is If it is low but excellent in water retention, inexpensive and easy to supply, it can be widely used and the range of materials can be selected.
In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
Each vertical hydroponics cylinder is provided with one or more vertical slits or a plurality of openings for planting seedlings or seeds of plants in at least two directions of the vertical hydroponics apparatus. Can significantly increase the number of plant seedlings that can be cultivated and thus the production yield of plants.
　また、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の上端開口部に養液供給手段１０４から滴下する養液１０７を保水性シート１２１の上端部に案内する養液供給開口部１０８ｂを下端部に有する案内部材１０８を備えることで、養液１０７が通気性素材１２２、１２３方向に漏れ出ることなしに、保水性シート１２１に確実に案内することができる。これにより、養液１０７の落下位置のバラツキが大きい養液供給装置を用いて養液滴下位置が多少左右にずれてしまったとしても、植物に到達する養液が少なくなって枯れてしまうリスクを低減できる。
　上述の案内部材１０８を使わずに、通気性素材１２２、１２３と保水シート１２１に養液供給パイプ１０４ａの先端を挟んだりする方法でも養液１０７を保水性シート１２１に集めることはできるが、上述の案内部材１０８を用いた場合の方が、案内部材１０８の養液供給開口部１０８ｂ部分が目で見える状態にできるので、養液１０７の詰まりがないかの確認が容易である。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を効率的に栽培することができる。 Further, a guide member 108 having a nutrient solution supply opening 108b at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 to the upper end of the water retention sheet 121. The nutrient solution 107 can be reliably guided to the water retention sheet 121 without leaking in the direction of the breathable material 122, 123. As a result, even if the nutrient solution lowering position slightly shifts to the left or right using a nutrient solution supply device with a large variation in the drop position of the nutrient solution 107, there is a risk that the nutrient solution that reaches the plant will decrease and die. Can be reduced.
The nutrient solution 107 can be collected in the water retention sheet 121 by a method in which the tip of the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a is sandwiched between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the moisture retention sheet 121 without using the above-described guide member 108. When the guide member 108 is used, the nutrient solution supply opening 108b portion of the guide member 108 can be made visible, so that it is easier to check whether the nutrient solution 107 is clogged.
Thereby, a plant can be efficiently cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient drops.
　また、保水性シート１２１の厚さを２ｍｍ以上とすることで、養液１０７を保水性シート１２１にさらに確実に滴下させることができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 Moreover, the nutrient solution 107 can be dripped more reliably to the water retention sheet 121 by setting the thickness of the water retention sheet 121 to 2 mm or more.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　また、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の下部から滴下した養液１０７を収集し、養液収容タンク１０３に回収する養液回収手段１０５を備え、養液回収手段１０５は、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の下部から滴下する養液１０７を回収するドレンパン１５１を備え、該ドレンパン１５１に回収された養液１０７を養液収容タンク１０３に循環させるように構成されることにより、効率的に養液１０７を活用することができ、養液１０７にかかるコストを低減させることができる。また、養液１０７の廃棄で環境に負荷を与えることも少ない。 Further, the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the lower part of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is collected and provided with a nutrient solution collecting means 105 for collecting the nutrient solution 107 in the nutrient solution storage tank 103. The nutrient solution collecting means 105 is a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder. A drain pan 151 that collects the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the lower part of the 101 is provided, and the nutrient solution 107 collected in the drain pan 151 is circulated to the nutrient solution storage tank 103, so that the nutrient solution 107 can be efficiently used. The cost for the nutrient solution 107 can be reduced. In addition, the disposal of the nutrient solution 107 is less likely to place a burden on the environment.
　次に、他の実施例について説明する。この他の実施例の説明にあたっては、前記実施例１と同様の構成部分については図示を省略し、もしくは同一の符号を付けてその説明を省略し、相違点についてのみ説明する。 Next, another embodiment will be described. In the description of the other embodiments, the same components as those of the first embodiment are not shown, or the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted, and only the differences are described.
　この実施例２の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図５～９に示すように、前記案内部材１０８が、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の上端開口部に養液供給手段１０４から滴下する養液１０７を保水性シート１２１の上端部に案内する養液供給開口部１０８ｂを下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップとした点で、上記実施例１とは相違したものである。
　この実施例２では、上述のように、前記案内部材１０８として、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の上端開口部に養液供給手段１０４から滴下する養液１０７を保水性シート１２１の上端部に案内する養液滴下口１０８ｂを下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップとすることで、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の上端開口部の開放部分面積を大幅に減らすことができ、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１内へのほこり（カビの胞子も含まれる）の侵入を防ぐことができる。
　また、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１上端よりも高く栽培植物が伸びた場合、キャップをしていないと収穫時等に葉や茎が栽培筒内部へ入ってしまい、それが放置されることでハダニ等の虫の繁殖源になったり腐ったりしてしまう。上述のキャップをすることにより、葉や茎の侵入を抑制できるとともに、キャップだけをとりはずせば容易に葉や茎の清掃が可能であって、病虫害のリスク低減を簡便な方法ですることができる。
　またさらに培地への光の侵入を抑制することができるので、培地へのカビや藻の発生を抑制することができるようになる。
　植物に病害性をもたない種類であっても、長期間栽培を続けていくと、藻が保水性シートの表面に繁茂することで外観の印象が悪くなるだけでなく、保水性シートの表面が疎水的になり、保水能力が低減してくる。これにより、滴下した養液の一部が通気性素材側にロスされ、ひいては植物への養液供給が不足していく。
　これに対し、上述のような漏斗型のキャップとすることで、長期間の連続栽培においても、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を効率的に栽培することができるようになる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the second embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 9, the guide member 108 drops the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101. The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a nourishing liquid supply opening 108b for guiding 107 to the upper end of the water-retaining sheet 121 is used as a funnel-type cap.
In the second embodiment, as described above, as the guide member 108, the nutrient solution 107 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 104 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is guided to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 121. By making it a funnel-type cap having a nourishing droplet lower opening 108b at the lower end, the open area of the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 can be greatly reduced, and the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 It can prevent dust (including mold spores) from entering the inside.
In addition, if the cultivated plant grows higher than the upper end of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101, leaves and stems will enter the cultivation cylinder at harvest time etc. if it is not capped, and it will be left unattended. It becomes a breeding source of insects such as, and it rots. By applying the above-mentioned cap, the invasion of leaves and stems can be suppressed, and if only the cap is removed, the leaves and stems can be easily cleaned, and the risk of pest damage can be reduced by a simple method. .
Furthermore, since light can be prevented from entering the medium, generation of mold and algae into the medium can be suppressed.
Even if it is a kind that does not cause disease to plants, if it continues to grow for a long time, the algae grows on the surface of the water retention sheet, not only the appearance impression worsens, but also the surface of the water retention sheet Becomes hydrophobic and water retention capacity is reduced. Thereby, a part of dripped nutrient solution is lost to the breathable material side, and eventually the nutrient solution supply to the plant becomes insufficient.
On the other hand, by using a funnel-type cap as described above, plants can be efficiently cultivated with a minimum amount of nutrient droplets dropped even during long-term continuous cultivation.
　この実施例３の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図１０に示すように、養液供給手段１０４の養液滴下口１０４ｂが保水性シート１２１の上端部に触れている点で、上記実施例１、２とは相違したものである。
　この実施例３では、上述のように、養液供給手段１０４の養液滴下口１０４ｂが保水性シート１２１上端部に触れた状態にすることで、養液１０７が通気性素材１２２、１２３方向に漏れでることなしに、保水性シート１２１に確実に滴下させることができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 As shown in FIG. 10, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 3 is the same as that of Example 1 described above in that the nourishment liquid drop lower port 104 b of the nutrient solution supply means 104 touches the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 121. 2 is different.
In the third embodiment, as described above, the nutrient solution lowering port 104b of the nutrient solution supply unit 104 is in contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet 121, so that the nutrient solution 107 is directed toward the breathable materials 122 and 123. Without being leaked, the water retaining sheet 121 can be reliably dropped.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　この実施例４の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図１１に示すように、保水性シート１２１の上端を両通気性素材１２２、１２３の上面よりわずかに突出させ、別体の保水性シートを上に載置してＴ字状の保水性部を形成している点で、上記実施例１～３とは相違したものである。
　突出させる長さは、上面に乗せる別体シートと接すればよく、例えば１ｍｍ程度で十分である。
　この実施例４では、養液１０７が別体の保水性シートすなわちＴ字の保水性部上面部分のどこに落下しても保水シート１２１の下部まで誘導されるので、養液１０７が通気性素材１２２、１２３方向に漏れでることなしに、保水性シート１２１により確実に滴下させることができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 4, as shown in FIG. 11, the upper end of the water retention sheet 121 is slightly protruded from the upper surfaces of the air- permeable materials 122 and 123, and the separate water retention sheet is placed on the upper side. The third embodiment is different from the first to third embodiments in that a T-shaped water-retaining portion is formed by being mounted on the surface.
The protruding length may be in contact with a separate sheet placed on the upper surface, and for example, about 1 mm is sufficient.
In the fourth embodiment, the nutrient solution 107 is guided to the lower part of the water retaining sheet 121 wherever the nutrient solution 107 falls on a separate water retaining sheet, that is, the upper surface portion of the T-shaped water retaining portion. , 123 can be reliably dropped by the water retaining sheet 121 without leaking in the direction.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　この実施例５の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図１２に示すように、通気性素材１２２、１２３の上端より突出した保水性シートの上端部を少なくとも一方の通気性素材１２３の上面に被せるように折り曲げ載置している点で、上記実施例１～４とは相違したものである。
　この実施例５では、上述のように、通気性素材１２２、１２３の上端より突出した保水性シートの上端部を少なくとも一方の通気性素材１２３の上面に折り曲げ載置することで、単に保水性シート１２１を通気性素材１２２、１２３に挟んだだけの場合比べて養液１０７の一部を通気性素材１２２、１２３側にロスすることなく、養液１０７を折り曲げ載置した保水性シート１２１ａを介して保水性シート１２１に効果的に集めることができるので、養液１０７の落下位置のバラツキが大きい養液供給装置を用いて養液滴下位置が多少左右にずれてしまったとしても、少ない養液１０７の供給でも確実に植物を栽培することができる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 5, as shown in FIG. 12, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 122 and 123 is placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 123. This is different from the first to fourth embodiments in that it is bent and mounted.
In Example 5, as described above, the upper end portion of the water retaining sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 122 and 123 is simply folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 123, thereby simply retaining the water retaining sheet. Compared to the case where 121 is simply sandwiched between the breathable materials 122 and 123, a portion of the nutrient solution 107 is not lost to the breathable materials 122 and 123 side, and the nutrient solution 107 is folded and placed through the water retention sheet 121a. Can be effectively collected on the water retention sheet 121, so even if the nutrient droplet lowering position is slightly shifted to the left or right using a nutrient solution supply device with a large variation in the drop position of the nutrient solution 107, the amount of nutrient solution is small. Even with the supply of 107, plants can be cultivated reliably.
　なお、前記保水性シート１２１は必ずしも１枚の連続したシートでなくてもかまわない。２枚以上の保水性シート１２１を接触させたものでも同様の効果を奏する。例えば、図９のような片方に通気性素材１２３の上面に折り曲げ載置した保水性シート１２１ａの上に通気性素材上面を覆うサイズの保水性シートを重ねて載置することにより、通気性素材上のどこに養液１０７が滴下しても、ロスすることなく養液１０７を保水性シート１２１ひいては植物の苗の根周辺に誘導することができる。 The water retention sheet 121 does not necessarily have to be one continuous sheet. Even if two or more water-retaining sheets 121 are brought into contact with each other, the same effect can be obtained. For example, a breathable material can be obtained by placing a water retaining sheet of a size covering the top surface of the breathable material on a water retaining sheet 121a folded and placed on the breathable material 123 on one side as shown in FIG. No matter where the nutrient solution 107 drops, the nutrient solution 107 can be guided to the vicinity of the roots of the seedlings of the plant without loss.
　この実施例６の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図１３に示すように、折り曲げられた保水性シート１２１ａは、その先端に行くにつれて肉厚が厚くなることでその上面が保水性シート１２１を中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜状に形成されている点が、上記実施例６とは相違したものである。
　この実施例６では、上述のように、折り曲げられた保水性シート１２１ａがその先端に行くにつれて肉厚が厚くなることでその上面が保水性シート１２１を中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜状に形成することにより、折り曲げられた保水性シート１２１ａ上面にとどまる時間が、傾斜がない場合に比べ短くなることにより、効率的に養液１０７を活用することができるようになる。 In the vertical hydroponics system of Example 6, as shown in FIG. 13, the folded water-retaining sheet 121 a is thicker toward the tip so that the upper surface is centered on the water-retaining sheet 121. As described above, it is different from the sixth embodiment in that it is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward.
In Example 6, as described above, the thickness of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a is increased as it goes to the tip thereof, so that the upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center. By forming in the shape, the time spent on the upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a is shortened compared to the case where there is no inclination, so that the nutrient solution 107 can be used efficiently.
　この実施例７の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図１４、１５に示すように、少なくとも折り曲げられた保水性シート１２１ａ側の通気性素材１２３の上面に保水性シート１２１を中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜上面を有する傾斜部材１２１ｂを備えている点で、上記実施例６、７とは相違したものである。
　この実施例７では、上述のように、少なくとも折り曲げられた保水性シート１２１ａ側の通気性素材１２３の上面に保水性シート１２１を中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜上面を有する傾斜部材１２１ｂを備えることで、折り曲げられた保水性シート１２１ａの上面が傾斜面となり、その傾斜面に滴下した養液１０７の外部への飛び跳ねを防止すると共に、保水性シート１２１ａに滴下された養液１０７の通気性素材１２３への漏れや蒸発を防止してより効率的に養液１０７を活用することができるようになる。
　なお、傾斜部材１２１ｂの素材は任意であるが、少なくとも傾斜上面は通気性を有しない素材で構成されていることが望ましい。
　また、傾斜部材１２１ｂの形状は、傾斜上面を形成するならば、断面は略直角三角形に限らず、任意である。また、傾斜部材１２１ｂの傾斜上面は直線に限らず、その他に例えば凹曲面にしてもよい。 As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 7 goes to the outside with at least the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center on the upper surface of the breathable material 123 on the folded water-retaining sheet 121 a side. The present embodiment is different from the sixth and seventh embodiments in that it includes an inclined member 121b having an inclined upper surface that increases accordingly.
In Example 7, as described above, the inclined member 121b having an inclined upper surface that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center on at least the upper surface of the breathable material 123 on the folded water-retaining sheet 121a side. The upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 121a becomes an inclined surface, and the jumping of the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the inclined surface to the outside is prevented, and the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 121a The nutrient solution 107 can be used more efficiently by preventing leakage to the breathable material 123 and evaporation.
In addition, although the raw material of the inclination member 121b is arbitrary, it is desirable that at least the upper surface of the inclination is made of a material having no air permeability.
Further, the shape of the inclined member 121b is not limited to a substantially right triangle, but may be arbitrary as long as an inclined upper surface is formed. Further, the inclined upper surface of the inclined member 121b is not limited to a straight line, but may be a concave curved surface, for example.
　この実施例８の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図１６に示すように、折り曲げられた保水性シート１２１ａ側の通気性素材１２３の上面が保水性シート１２１を中心として外側に行くにつれて高くなる傾斜状に形成されている点で、上記実施例６～７とは相違したものである。
　この実施例１０８では、上述のように、折り曲げられた保水性シート１２１ａ側の通気性素材１２３の上面が保水性シート１２１を中心として外側に行くにつれて高くなる傾斜状に形成されることで、折り曲げられた保水性シート１２１ａの上面が傾斜面となり、その傾斜面に滴下した養液１０７の外部への飛び跳ねを防止すると共に、保水性シート１２１ａに滴下された養液１０７の通気性素材１２３への漏れや蒸発を防止してより効率的に養液１０７を活用することができるようになる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of this Example 8, as shown in FIG. 16, the upper surface of the folded breathable material 123 on the water retention sheet 121 a side becomes higher as it goes outward with the water retention sheet 121 as the center. This is different from Examples 6 to 7 in that it is formed in a shape.
In Example 108, as described above, the upper surface of the air-permeable material 123 on the folded water-retaining sheet 121a side is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher with the water-retaining sheet 121 as the center, and is bent. The upper surface of the water-retaining sheet 121a formed as an inclined surface prevents the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the inclined surface from jumping to the outside, and the nutrient solution 107 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 121a is applied to the breathable material 123. Leaking and evaporation can be prevented and the nutrient solution 107 can be used more efficiently.
　この実施例９の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図１７、１８に示すように、前記キャップが、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１内に収容された培地１０２の上端部側を遮光する遮光壁１０９を縦型水耕栽培筒１０１のスリット１１１又は開口部面側を塞ぐ状態で備えている点で、上記実施例２～８とは相違したものである。
　この実施例１０では、上述のように、培地１０２の上端部側を遮光する遮光壁１０９を備えることで、保水性シート１２１表面へのほこり（カビの胞子も含まれる）の付着を抑制するとともに保水性シート１２１表面へ光があたることを抑制し、これにより、培地１０２へのカビや藻の発生を抑制することができるようになる。 As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of the ninth embodiment includes a light shielding wall 109 that shields the upper end side of the medium 102 accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101. Is different from the above Examples 2 to 8 in that the slit 111 or the opening surface side of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is closed.
In Example 10, as described above, by providing the light shielding wall 109 that shields the upper end side of the culture medium 102, adhesion of dust (including mold spores) to the surface of the water retention sheet 121 is suppressed. It is possible to suppress the light from being applied to the surface of the water retention sheet 121, thereby suppressing the generation of mold and algae on the culture medium 102.
　次に、この実施例１～６の栽培比較実験例について説明する。
１．実験例１（参考例）：厚さ４．８ｃｍ、幅１０ｃｍ、長さ１５０ｃｍの通気性素材１２２、１２３(材質はポリエチレン)を半分の長さで２枚に折り畳み、その間に、厚さ２ｍｍ、幅９ｃｍ、長さ７０ｃｍの大創産業社製のポリエステルフェルト（保水性シート２１）を、通気性素材１２２、１２３と上面の高さが同じになるように（フェルトの上端部を上部に突出させない状態で）挟み込み、断面の一辺が１０cmの正方形で、その一辺の中央に幅２ｃｍのスリット１１１を有する縦型水耕栽培筒１０１（材質はポリ塩化ビニル）に差し込んだ状態とした。
上述と同様のフェルトを通気性素材で挟み込んだもの（長さ７５ｃｍ）をさらにもう１本準備し、合計２本を栽培筒に充填した状態とした。
　上記の縦型水耕栽培筒１０１を６点準備した。
　これら縦型水耕栽培筒に対し、バジル苗の定植を行った。
　苗は９ｃｍのポットに植わっている、草丈７～１０ｃｍのものを用い、水道水で根から土を洗い落とした後、ポリエチレンとフェルトとの間に間隔を２０ｃｍずつ開けて６本（上下の通気性素材に対しそれぞれ３本ずつ）のバジル苗の地下部を挟み込み、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１に差込装着した。
　上記縦型水耕栽培筒１０１を天井より吊り下げ、図２０に示すように、上記縦型水耕栽培筒１０１のスリット１１１中央部を通り、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の断面を面積の等しい２つの長方形に分割する線上に養液供給パイプ１０４ａがくるように縦型水耕栽培筒１０１と養液供給パイプ１０４ａを配置した。
　各養液供給パイプ１０４ａに開閉及び養液量制御をするためのコック１０４ｃを介して滴下チューブ１０４ｄを接続し、前記滴下チューブ１０４ｄから養液１０７を滴下できるようにした。
　上記の縦型水耕栽培筒１０１を６点準備した。（滴下位置としては理論上保水性シート１２１の厚みを正確に２分割する位置になるが、図６に示すように、通気性素材１２２、１２３の厚みの精度、コック１０４ｃ下に接続した滴下チューブ１０４ｄの反り具合により多少左右方向にブレが生じていた。）
２．実験例２（比較例）：培地１０２がフェルトを含まないポリエチレンのみの状態で挟み込む以外は、実験例１と同様で、バジル苗を装着した縦型水耕栽培筒１０１を準備し、
　なお、バジル苗地下部は両ポリエチレン相互間に挟み込んだ。
　上記の縦型水耕栽培筒１０１を２点準備した。
３．実験例３：通気性素材１２２、１２３と保水性シート１２１の位置関係は、図１２。
　　案内部材８は無しの水耕栽培筒１０１を準備した。
４．実験例４：実験例３と同様のバジル苗を装着した型水耕栽培筒１０１を準備した。
　上記型水耕栽培筒１０１を天井より吊り下げた後、図６に示すような漏斗型のキャップを水耕栽培筒１０１上部に装着した。
　通気性素材１２２、１２３と保水性シート１２１の位置関係は、図１２のようにした。
　実験例３では案内部材１０８は無く、実施例３では図７～９で示す案内部材１０８が装着されている点が相違点である。
５．実験例５：図１７、１８（実施例９の様態）で、通気性素材１２２、１２３と保水性シート１２１の位置関係は、図１２のようにした。
６．実験例１から４の縦型水耕栽培筒１０１に肥料養液（ＯＡＴハウス１号を濃度０．８ｇ/Ｌとなるように溶解した水溶液）を毎分２０ｇの速度で滴下しながら３日間太陽光下で栽培を行った。
　各栽培筒の生育状態を確認した。
　またバジル苗すべてが生育した試験区（実験例３，４および５）については、
３日後・７日後・４２日後に保水シート１２１aの上面部分（最初は白色）の変化を観察した。
７．比較実験結果１
実験例１（参考例）：縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の６点の合計３６苗のうち、２１苗が順調に生育した。
一番順調に生育した縦型水耕栽培筒１０１は、６苗中６苗全てが順調に生育した。
一番不調であった縦型水耕栽培筒１０１では、６苗中５苗が枯れた。
　実験例２（比較例）：縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の合計１２苗のうち、１苗が順調に生育した。
　　１つめの縦型水耕栽培筒１０１では、６苗中１苗は生育を続けたが、５苗が枯れた。
　　２つめの縦型水耕栽培筒１０１では、６苗中６苗が枯れた。
　　実験例３から５：いずれも６苗中６苗全てが順調に生育した。
８．比較実験結果２
　３日後：
実験例３：シートは茶色っぽく着色してきた。
実験例４：実験例３ほど明確ではないがうっすら茶色くなってきた。
実験例５：着色は確認されなかった。
　７日後：
実験例３：着色は３日後よりも濃くなっている。シート表面が撥水ぎみになってきた。
実験例４：実験例３よりはうすいが着色。表面の保水性能は開始時と同程度（目視での確認）。
実験例５：わずかに着色してきた。表面の保水性能は開始時と同程度（目視での確認）。
　４２日後：
実験例３：上面全体に藻が繁殖。
　　　　　表面は疎水的で、保水布にしみこんでいるというよりも、表面をつたって中央の通気性素材と保水シートの中間へ流れこんでいるような状態。
実験例４：上面に折り曲げた保水シート全面が茶色く着色している。
　　　　　表面は親水的で保水力は保たれている。
実験例５：養液が滴下する周辺のみがうすく部分的に着色。
　　　　　表面は親水的で保水力は保たれている。 Next, cultivation comparative experimental examples of Examples 1 to 6 will be described.
1. Experimental example 1 (reference example): Breathable materials 122 and 123 (material is polyethylene) having a thickness of 4.8 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a length of 150 cm are folded in half into two pieces, with a thickness of 2 mm between them. A polyester felt (water-retaining sheet 21) made by Daiso Sangyo Co., Ltd. having a width of 9 cm and a length of 70 cm is made to have the same height as the upper surface of the breathable materials 122 and 123 (the upper end of the felt is not projected upward) In this state, a vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 (material is polyvinyl chloride) having a square with a side of 10 cm in cross section and a slit 111 having a width of 2 cm at the center of the side is used.
Another one (75 cm in length) sandwiched with the same felt as described above (75 cm in length) was prepared, and a total of two pieces were filled in the cultivation cylinder.
Six vertical hydroponics cylinders 101 were prepared.
Basil seedlings were planted on these vertical hydroponic cylinders.
The seedlings are planted in a 9 cm pot, and the plant height is 7-10 cm. After washing the soil from the roots with tap water, there are six (20 cm) gaps between the polyethylene and the felt (up and down breathability). The basement of three basil seedlings for each material was sandwiched and inserted into the vertical hydroponic tube 101.
The vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is suspended from the ceiling, and as shown in FIG. 20, passes through the center of the slit 111 of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101, and the cross section of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is equal in area. The vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 and the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a are arranged so that the nutrient solution supply pipe 104a comes on a line that is divided into two rectangles.
A drip tube 104d is connected to each nutrient solution supply pipe 104a via a cock 104c for opening and closing and controlling the amount of nutrient solution, so that the nutrient solution 107 can be dripped from the drip tube 104d.
Six vertical hydroponics cylinders 101 were prepared. (The dropping position is theoretically a position where the thickness of the water-retaining sheet 121 is accurately divided into two, but as shown in FIG. 6, the accuracy of the thickness of the breathable materials 122 and 123, the dropping tube connected under the cock 104c. There was some blurring in the left-right direction due to the warpage of 104d.)
2. Experimental Example 2 (Comparative Example): A vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 equipped with basil seedlings is prepared in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that the medium 102 is sandwiched only in polyethylene without felt.
The basil seedling basement was sandwiched between the two polyethylenes.
Two vertical hydroponics cylinders 101 were prepared.
3. Experimental Example 3: The positional relationship between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the water retention sheet 121 is shown in FIG.
The hydroponics cylinder 101 without the guide member 8 was prepared.
4). Experimental Example 4: A type hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 equipped with a basil seedling similar to that in Experimental Example 3 was prepared.
After the above-described hydroponics cylinder 101 was suspended from the ceiling, a funnel-type cap as shown in FIG.
The positional relationship between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the water retention sheet 121 is as shown in FIG.
In Experimental Example 3, there is no guide member 108, and in Example 3, the difference is that the guide member 108 shown in FIGS.
5. Experimental Example 5: In FIGS. 17 and 18 (the mode of Example 9), the positional relationship between the breathable materials 122 and 123 and the water retention sheet 121 is as shown in FIG.
6). While dripping a fertilizer nutrient solution (an aqueous solution in which OAT House No. 1 is dissolved to a concentration of 0.8 g / L) into the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 of Experimental Examples 1 to 4 at a rate of 20 g per minute for 3 days Cultivation was performed under light.
The growth state of each cultivation cylinder was confirmed.
In addition, for the test section where all the basil seedlings grew (Experimental Examples 3, 4 and 5),
After 3 days, 7 days, and 42 days, changes in the upper surface portion (initially white) of the water retention sheet 121a were observed.
7). Comparative experiment result 1
Experimental Example 1 (Reference Example): Of the total of 36 seedlings of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101, 21 seedlings grew smoothly.
In the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 that grew most smoothly, all 6 seedlings out of 6 seedlings grew smoothly.
In the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 which was the worst, 5 out of 6 seedlings withered.
Experimental Example 2 (Comparative Example): One total of 12 seedlings of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 grew smoothly.
In the first vertical hydroponic tube 101, one of six seedlings continued to grow, but five seedlings withered.
In the second vertical hydroponics cylinder 101, 6 of 6 seedlings withered.
Experimental Examples 3 to 5: All 6 seedlings out of 6 seedlings grew smoothly.
8). Comparative experiment result 2
3 days later:
Experimental Example 3: The sheet has been colored brownish.
Experimental Example 4: Although it is not as clear as Experimental Example 3, it has become slightly brown.
Experimental Example 5: Coloring was not confirmed.
7 days later:
Experimental Example 3: Coloring is darker than after 3 days. The sheet surface has become water-repellent.
Experimental Example 4: Lighter color than Experimental Example 3. The water retention performance on the surface is similar to that at the start (visual confirmation).
Experimental Example 5: Slightly colored. The water retention performance on the surface is similar to that at the start (visual confirmation).
42 days later:
Experimental example 3: Algae breed on the entire upper surface.
The surface is hydrophobic, rather than being soaked in a water-holding cloth, it is in a state where it flows between the breathable material in the center and the water-holding sheet.
Experimental Example 4: The entire surface of the water retaining sheet bent on the upper surface is colored brown.
The surface is hydrophilic and water retention is maintained.
Experimental Example 5: Only the periphery where the nutrient solution is dripped is slightly colored.
The surface is hydrophilic and water retention is maintained.
　この実施例１０の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図１９に示すように、前記キャップの上端開口縁部にはキャップの上端開口部１０８ａを開閉自在な蓋体１１０を備えている点で、上記実施例２～９とは相違したものである。
　この実施例１０では、上述のように、キャップの上端開口縁部１０８ａにキャップの上端開口部１０８ａを開閉自在な蓋体１１０を備えることで、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１を使用していないときには案内部材１０８の口を完全に閉鎖することにより、キャップ内へのほこり（カビの胞子も含まれる）の侵入を防止することができるようになる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 10, as shown in FIG. 19, the upper end opening edge of the cap is provided with a lid 110 that can freely open and close the upper end opening 108a of the cap. This is different from Examples 2 to 9.
In the tenth embodiment, as described above, when the upper end opening edge 108a of the cap is provided with the lid 110 that can freely open and close the upper end opening 108a of the cap, when the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101 is not used. By completely closing the mouth of the guide member 108, it is possible to prevent dust (including mold spores) from entering the cap.
　以上、本発明の複数の実施例を説明してきたが、本発明は上述の実施例に限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更等があっても、本発明に含まれる。 As described above, a plurality of embodiments of the present invention have been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and design changes and the like within the scope of the present invention are included in the present invention. It is.
　例えば、実施例では、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１をハウスの天井に吊下げた状態で備えた例を示したが、床面に立設した状態で備えるようにしてもよい。 For example, in the embodiment, an example in which the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101 is provided in a state of being hung on the ceiling of the house is shown, but it may be provided in a state of being erected on the floor surface.
　また、実施例では、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１の一側面に植物の苗又は種子１０６を植え込むための垂直方向のスリット１１１を設けたが、垂直方向に複数のスリット又は開口部を設けるようにしてもよい。 In the embodiment, the vertical slit 111 for planting the seedling or seed 106 of the plant is provided on one side of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 101. However, a plurality of slits or openings are provided in the vertical direction. May be.
　また、縦型水耕栽培システム又は方法の光源としては、太陽光の他にＬＥＤ等の人工光を用いることができる。人工光を利用する場合は、例えば、縦型水耕栽培筒１０１のスリット１１１側面にＬＥＤ等の人工光装置を備える。 Also, as the light source of the vertical hydroponics system or method, artificial light such as LED can be used in addition to sunlight. When using artificial light, for example, an artificial light device such as an LED is provided on the side surface of the slit 111 of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 101.
　また、実施例では、苗又は種子を定植する例を示したが、別途播種設備で栽培した際の培地がついたままの植物苗を定植するようにしてもよい。この方法を用いた場合、例えばウレタン培地に播種を行い、各苗周辺の培地を残したまま挟むことにより根洗いの手間を省くことができる。また、根が細く根洗いをすると傷んでその後の生育が悪くなる植物種も失敗せずに栽培することが可能となる。
　また、少ない養液量で確実に植物への水と酸素の供給が可能であるため、まだ根が出てきていない挿し穂の状態で定植するようにしてもよい。この方法を用いることにより、播種からの生育が遅い植物種についても短期間で苗を育てることができる。 Moreover, although the example which planted a seedling or a seed was shown in the Example, you may make it plant a plant seedling with the culture medium at the time of cultivating with seeding equipment separately attached. When this method is used, for example, seeding is carried out in a urethane medium, and the trouble of root washing can be saved by sandwiching the medium while leaving the medium around each seedling. Moreover, it becomes possible to cultivate without failing the plant species that are damaged when roots are thin and are damaged.
Moreover, since water and oxygen can be reliably supplied to the plant with a small amount of nutrient solution, the plant may be planted in the state of cuttings that have not yet rooted. By using this method, seedlings can be grown in a short period of time for plant species that are slow to grow after sowing.
　以下、さらに、この発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, further embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
　まず、この実施例１１の縦型水耕栽培システムを図面に基づいて説明する。
　この実施例１１の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図２１～２５に示すように、保水性シート１１と少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材１２、１３とで構成される縦長の培地１と、保水性シート１１の両側縁部付近にそれぞれ保水性シート１１と通気性素材１２、１３との間に植物の苗又は種８を植え込むための縦方向に細長く連続する隙間Ｗ、Ｗ部分を残して各通気性素材の外周を囲う一対の横断面略コの字状の分割型外枠２、２と、両外枠２、２相互間を着脱可能に連結する連結手段３と、溶液収容タンク４と、溶液収容タンク４から培地１に養液６を供給する養液供給手段５と、溶液回収手段７と、を主な構成として備え、養液供給手段５から保水性シート１１に養液６を滴下させるように構成されている。 First, the vertical hydroponics system of Example 11 will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 11, as shown in FIGS. 21 to 25, a vertically long medium 1 composed of a water-retaining sheet 11 and breathable materials 12 and 13 sandwiching at least both surfaces thereof, In the vicinity of both side edges of the water-holding sheet 11, leaving gaps W, W that are elongated in the longitudinal direction for planting plant seedlings or seeds 8 between the water-holding sheet 11 and the breathable materials 12, 13, respectively. A pair of outer frames 2 and 2 having a substantially U-shaped cross section surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material, connecting means 3 for detachably connecting the outer frames 2 and 2, and a solution storage tank 4 And a nutrient solution supply means 5 for supplying the nutrient solution 6 from the solution storage tank 4 to the culture medium 1 and a solution recovery means 7. The nutrient solution 6 is supplied from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the water retention sheet 11. It is comprised so that may be dripped.
　さらに詳述すると、前記両外枠２、２相互間を着脱可能に連結する連結部材３として、本実施例１１では、両外枠２、２の外周に巻き付けて締め付ける複数個の結束バンド３１が用いられている。
　前記外枠２、２は、ハウス等の天井に沿って備えた吊下げパイプ９ａに吊下部材（針金又は紐）９ｂを介して吊下げた状態で備えられている。
　なお、吊り下げ部材９ｂは、ねじることができる柔軟な素材である、又は、回転できる軸部を備えた構造を有することが好ましい。これにより、２側面の収穫を同じ場所から行うことが可能になり、作業効率が向上する。 More specifically, as the connecting member 3 that removably connects the outer frames 2 and 2, a plurality of binding bands 31 that are wound and tightened around the outer peripheries of the outer frames 2 and 2 are used in the present Example 11. It is used.
The outer frames 2 and 2 are provided in a state of being hung on a hanging pipe 9a provided along a ceiling of a house or the like via a hanging member (wire or string) 9b.
The hanging member 9b is preferably a flexible material that can be twisted or has a structure that includes a rotatable shaft portion. This makes it possible to harvest the two sides from the same place, improving work efficiency.
　前記養液供給手段５は、養液供給ポンプ５１を備え、養液収容タンク４から養液供給パイプ５ａを介して保水性シート１１の上端部に養液６を滴下させる。
　養液６の滴下速度としては、０．０５ｇ／秒から１００ｇ／秒が好ましい。特に好ましくは、０．１ｇ／秒から５０ｇ／秒が好ましい。
　０．０５ｇ／秒未満では、養液６が保水性シート１１に滴下したとしても蒸発により保水性シート１１が乾燥してしまい十分な量の養液６が植物の根に供給されない。
　また、１００ｇ／秒よりも大きい値だと、保水性シート１１に保持しきれない養液６が植物表面に流れ出し床を濡らす原因になる。そしてさらに、植物をつたっての液の流出が長時間続いた場合は、循環養液が全量消費されてしまい、ひいては供給される養液６が枯渇し、植物が枯れてしまうことになる。
　また、縦型水耕培施設内で、１つのポンプでくみ上げた養液６を循環させて使用する場合、外枠２、２の数が多くなるほど外枠２、２の１本あたりに配分できる滴下速度は小さくならざるをえない。
　従って、滴下速度を小さく設定した方が、高出力で高価なポンプを使わずに多数の栽培筒で植物栽培することが可能になる。 The nutrient solution supply means 5 includes a nutrient solution supply pump 51 and drops the nutrient solution 6 from the nutrient solution storage tank 4 to the upper end of the water retention sheet 11 through the nutrient solution supply pipe 5a.
The dropping rate of the nutrient solution 6 is preferably 0.05 g / second to 100 g / second. Particularly preferred is 0.1 g / second to 50 g / second.
If it is less than 0.05 g / sec, even if the nutrient solution 6 is dropped on the water retention sheet 11, the water retention sheet 11 is dried by evaporation, and a sufficient amount of the nutrient solution 6 is not supplied to the plant roots.
On the other hand, when the value is larger than 100 g / sec, the nutrient solution 6 that cannot be held in the water-retaining sheet 11 flows out onto the plant surface and wets the floor. Further, when the outflow of the liquid through the plant lasts for a long time, the entire amount of the circulating nutrient solution is consumed, and the supplied nutrient solution 6 is depleted and the plant is withered.
In addition, when the nutrient solution 6 pumped up by one pump is circulated and used in the vertical hydroponic culture facility, the number of outer frames 2 and 2 increases as the number of outer frames 2 and 2 increases. The dropping speed must be small.
Therefore, when the dropping speed is set to be small, plants can be cultivated in a large number of cultivation cylinders without using a high output and expensive pump.
　前記養液回収手段７は、保水性シート１１の下端部から滴下する養液６を受け止めるドレンパン７１と、養液回収循環ポンプ７２とを備え、ドレンパン７１に溜まった養液６を養液回収循環ポンプ７２で養液収容タンク４に回収循環させる。 The nutrient solution recovery means 7 includes a drain pan 71 that receives the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the lower end of the water retention sheet 11, and a nutrient solution recovery circulation pump 72, and the nutrient solution 6 collected in the drain pan 71 is recovered and circulated. The pump 72 collects and circulates it in the nutrient solution storage tank 4.
　前記保水性シート１１の厚さとしては、２ｍｍ以上とすることが望ましい。
　すなわち、厚みが大きいほど、滴下してくる養液６を保水性シート１１上に確実に滴下させることができる。
　なお、保水性シート１１は、１枚のシートである必要は必ずしもなく、複数枚のシートを重ねて使用してもよい。
　例えば、厚さ１ｍｍのシートを２枚以上重ねて通気性素材１２、１３に挟んで使用してもよい。
　厚みの上限値としては、縦型水耕栽培筒１の厚みの８０％まで、より好ましくは７０％まであることが望ましい。それよりも厚くなると、含む養液６が多すぎるために重くなり、作業性が悪くなる。 The thickness of the water retaining sheet 11 is desirably 2 mm or more.
That is, the larger the thickness, the more reliably the dripping nutrient solution 6 can be dripped onto the water retention sheet 11.
In addition, the water retention sheet | seat 11 does not necessarily need to be 1 sheet | seat, and may laminate | stack and use several sheets.
For example, two or more sheets having a thickness of 1 mm may be stacked and sandwiched between the breathable materials 12 and 13.
The upper limit of the thickness is desirably up to 80%, more preferably up to 70% of the thickness of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 1. When it becomes thicker than that, it will become heavy because there are too many nutrient solutions 6 included, and workability | operativity will worsen.
　次に、この実施例１１の作用・効果を説明する。
　この実施例１１の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように構成されるため、図２１～２５に示すように、両外枠２、２相互間で保水性シートの両側縁部付近にそれぞれ形成された隙間Ｗ、Ｗから保水性シート１と通気性素材１２、３３との間に植物の苗又は種子８を植え込んだ状態で、養液供給ポンプ５１で養液６を保水性シート２１１の上端部に滴下させると、苗又は種子８は、保水性シート１１から養液６を吸収して成長する。
　この実施例１１の縦型水耕栽培システムでは、上述のように、培地１を、植物の苗又は種子８を植え込む保水性シート１１と、その両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材１２、１３とで構成し、養液６を保水性シート１１上端部に滴下させることで、保水性シート１１と通気性素材１２、１３との間に挟み込んだ植物の苗又は種子８の根に確実に水と酸素が供給されるため、栽培植物の枯れや根腐れを防止することができる。 Next, functions and effects of the eleventh embodiment will be described.
Since the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 11 is configured as described above, as shown in FIGS. 21 to 25, the outer frame 2, between the two, near the both side edges of the water retention sheet, respectively. In a state where plant seedlings or seeds 8 are planted between the water retention sheet 1 and the breathable materials 12 and 33 from the formed gaps W and W, the nutrient solution 6 is supplied to the water retention sheet 211 by the nutrient solution supply pump 51. When dropped on the upper end, the seedling or seed 8 grows by absorbing the nutrient solution 6 from the water retention sheet 11.
In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 11, as described above, the culture medium 1 is composed of the water retention sheet 11 for planting plant seedlings or seeds 8 and the breathable materials 12 and 13 sandwiching both sides thereof. Then, by dripping the nutrient solution 6 onto the upper end of the water retention sheet 11, water and oxygen are reliably supplied to the roots of plant seedlings or seeds 8 sandwiched between the water retention sheet 11 and the breathable materials 12 and 13. Since it is supplied, it is possible to prevent cultivated plants from withering and root rot.
　また、保水性シート１１の両側縁部付近に、保水性シート１１と通気性素材１２、３３との間に植物の苗又は種子８を植え込むための縦方向に細長く連続する隙間Ｗ、Ｗを開けて両通気性素材１２、１２側から培地１を挟み込む一対の横断面略コ字状の外枠２、２を備えることで、従来の１側面のみに植えこむ場合に比べて栽培可能な植物苗の本数を最大で２倍に、ひいては植物の生産収量も大幅に増やすことができる。
　また、実施例１１の栽培システムで１側面にバジル８苗、合計１６苗を定植し、太陽光下で４２日間栽培した。
　また、同条件下で、特許文献３に記載の特開２０１８－１１３９２７で開示されている１側面にスリットを持つ同サイズの栽培筒を用いてバジル８苗を栽培し、両者で１タワーあたりの収穫量を比較した。
　定植後、２週間ごとに合計３回収穫を実施し、合計の収穫量を比較したところ、実施例１１の収量は、スリットが１側面のみの従来品タワーに比べて１．７倍であった。 Further, in the vicinity of both side edges of the water-holding sheet 11, gaps W and W that are elongated in the vertical direction for planting plant seedlings or seeds 8 between the water-holding sheet 11 and the breathable materials 12 and 33 are opened. Planted seedlings that can be cultivated in comparison with a conventional case of planting on only one side surface by providing a pair of outer frames 2 and 2 having a substantially U-shaped cross section sandwiching the culture medium 1 from both the breathable materials 12 and 12 side. Can increase the production yield of plants significantly.
In addition, with the cultivation system of Example 11, 8 seedlings of basil and 16 seedlings in total were planted on one side and cultivated under sunlight for 42 days.
Also, under the same conditions, 8 basil seedlings were cultivated using the same size cultivation cylinder having a slit on one side as disclosed in JP-A-2018-119392 described in Patent Document 3, and both per one tower The yield was compared.
A total of 3 harvests were carried out every 2 weeks after planting, and the total yield was compared. The yield of Example 11 was 1.7 times that of a conventional product tower with only one side of the slit. .
　また、培地１として保水性シート２１と通気性素材１２、１３の２部構成にし、役割分担することにより、保水性は低いが通気性に優れて安価なものや供給容易なもの・通気性は低いが保水性に優れて安価なものや供給容易なものであれば広く使用でき、材料の選択の幅を広げることができる。
　また、重量が軽い、壊れにくいものなどを選択することにより、使い易さ等の性能を向上させることができる。 In addition, the medium 1 has a two-part configuration of the water-retaining sheet 21 and the breathable materials 12 and 13 to share the roles, so that the water retention is low but the breathability is excellent and inexpensive, and the easy-to-feed and breathable If it is low but excellent in water retention, inexpensive and easy to supply, it can be widely used and the range of materials can be selected.
In addition, by selecting a material that is light in weight or hard to break, performance such as ease of use can be improved.
　また、両外枠２、２相互間を連結する連結部材３が結束バンドによる両外枠２、２間を着脱可能に連結する構造であるため、２部構成である保水性シート１１と通気性素材１２、１３の組み付けや部品交換作業を能率的に行うことができるようになる。 In addition, since the connecting member 3 that connects the outer frames 2 and 2 is detachably connected between the outer frames 2 and 2 by a binding band, the two-part water-retaining sheet 11 and the air permeability are provided. Assembling of the materials 12 and 13 and parts replacement work can be performed efficiently.
　また、外枠２、２を分割型にすることにより、運搬時には従来品の栽培筒の半分程度の体積にすることができ、また、在庫として収納する際にもスペースが少なくてすむというメリットが有る。 Moreover, by making the outer frames 2 and 2 into a split type, the volume can be reduced to about half that of a conventional cultivation tube during transportation, and there is a merit that less space is required for storage as stock. Yes.
　また、保水性シート１１の厚さを２ｍｍ以上とすることで、養液６を保水性シー１１にさらに確実に滴下させることができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる Moreover, the nutrient solution 6 can be dripped more reliably to the water-retaining sea 11 by setting the thickness of the water-retaining sheet 11 to 2 mm or more.
This makes it possible to grow plants with the minimum amount of nutrient drops required
　また、保水性シート１１の下部から滴下した養液６を収集し、養液収容タンク４に回収する養液回収手段７を備え、養液回収手段７は、保水性シート１１の下部から滴下する養液６を回収するドレンパン７１を備え、該ドレンパン７１に回収された養液６を養液収容タンク４に循環させるように構成されることにより、効率的に養液６を活用することができ、養液６にかかるコストを低減させることができる。また、養液６の廃棄で環境に負荷を与えることも少ない。 Moreover, the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the lower part of the water retention sheet 11 is collected, and the nutrient solution collecting means 7 for collecting the nutrient solution 6 in the nutrient solution storage tank 4 is provided. The nutrient solution recovery means 7 is dripped from the lower part of the water retention sheet 11. By providing the drain pan 71 for collecting the nutrient solution 6 and configured to circulate the nutrient solution 6 collected in the drain pan 71 to the nutrient solution storage tank 4, the nutrient solution 6 can be used efficiently. The cost for the nutrient solution 6 can be reduced. Moreover, there is little impact on the environment by discarding the nutrient solution 6.
　次に、他の実施例について説明する。この他の実施例の説明にあたっては、前記実施例１１と同様の構成部分については図示を省略し、もしくは同一の符号を付けてその説明を省略し、相違点についてのみ説明する。 Next, another embodiment will be described. In the description of the other embodiments, the same components as those of the eleventh embodiment are not shown, or the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted, and only the differences are described.
　この実施例１２の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図２６に示すように、養液供給手段５における養液供給パイプ５ａに接続された下端部の養液滴下口５ｂが保水性シート１１の真上に位置するように固定するための固定手段１０を備えている点が前記実施例１１とは相違したものである。
　この固定手段１０は、この実施例１２では、吊下部材（針金又は紐）９ｂに対し溶液供給パイプ５ａを固定する構造としている。なお、この固定手段１０の構造は任意であり、例えば、滴下チューブ５ｄを培地１や外枠２，２に直接固定するなど、任意である。
　この実施例１２によれば、養液供給手段５における養液供給パイプ５ａ下端部の養液滴下口５ｂが保水性シート１１の真上に位置するように固定する固定手段１０を備えることで、養液６を確実に保水性シート１１にロスすることなく効果的に集めることができるようになる。
　従って、養液６の供給又は循環に用いられるポンプとして容量の小さなポンプの使用が可能になり、これにより、設備費及びランニングコストの低減が可能になる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 12, as shown in FIG. The point which is provided with the fixing means 10 for fixing so that it may be located on the top differs from the said Example 11. FIG.
In the twelfth embodiment, the fixing means 10 has a structure for fixing the solution supply pipe 5a to the suspension member (wire or string) 9b. The structure of the fixing means 10 is arbitrary. For example, the dropping tube 5d is directly fixed to the culture medium 1 and the outer frames 2 and 2.
According to the twelfth embodiment, by including the fixing means 10 that fixes the nutrient liquid drop lower port 5b at the lower end of the nutrient solution supply pipe 5a in the nutrient solution supply means 5 so as to be positioned directly above the water retention sheet 11, It becomes possible to effectively collect the nutrient solution 6 without losing the water retaining sheet 11 reliably.
Therefore, it is possible to use a pump having a small capacity as a pump used for supplying or circulating the nutrient solution 6, thereby reducing facility costs and running costs.
　この実施例１３の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図２７に示すように、養液供給手段５の養液滴下口５ｂが保水性シート１１の上端部に触れている点で、上記実施例１１、１２とは相違したものである。
　この実施例１３では、上述のように、養液供給手段５の養液滴下口５ｂが保水性シート１１上端部に触れた状態にすることで、養液６が通気性素材１２、１３方向に漏れでることなしに、保水性シート１１に確実に滴下させることができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 As shown in FIG. 27, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 13 is the above Example 11 in that the nourishment liquid drop lower port 5 b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 is in contact with the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 11. , 12 is different.
In Example 13, as described above, the nutrient solution 6 is directed in the direction of the breathable materials 12 and 13 by bringing the nutrient droplet lower port 5b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 into contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet 11. Without being leaked, the water retaining sheet 11 can be reliably dropped.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　この実施例１４の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図２８に示すように、養液供給手段５の養液滴下口５ｂが保水性シート１１と一方の通気性素材１２の上端部相互間に挟み込まれている点で、上記実施例１１～１３とは相違したものである。
　この実施例１４では、上述のように、養液供給手段５の養液滴下口５ｂが保水性シート１１と通気性素材１２との間に挟み込まれることで、養液を保水性シート１１に確実に供給することができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 14, as shown in FIG. 28, the nourishment liquid drop lower port 5b of the nourishment liquid supply means 5 is sandwiched between the water retention sheet 11 and the upper end portions of one of the breathable materials 12. This is different from the above-mentioned Examples 11 to 13.
In Example 14, as described above, the nutrient droplet lower port 5b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 is sandwiched between the water retention sheet 11 and the air permeable material 12, so that the nutrient solution is reliably supplied to the water retention sheet 11. Can be supplied to.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　この実施例１５の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図２９に示すように、保水性シート１１の上端が両通気性素材１２、１３の上面より突出している点で、上記実施例１１～１４とは相違したものである。
　この実施例１５では、上述のように、養液供給手段５の養液滴下口５ｂが保水性シート１１上端部に触れた状態にすることで、養液６が通気性素材１２、１３方向に漏れでることなしに、保水性シート１１に確実に滴下させることができる。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を栽培することができるようになる。 As shown in FIG. 29, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 15 is different from the above Examples 11 to 14 in that the upper end of the water retention sheet 11 protrudes from the upper surfaces of the air- permeable materials 12 and 13. Is different.
In Example 15, as described above, the nutrient solution 6 is directed in the direction of the breathable materials 12 and 13 by bringing the nutrient droplet lower port 5b of the nutrient solution supply means 5 into contact with the upper end of the water retention sheet 11. Without being leaked, the water retaining sheet 11 can be reliably dropped.
As a result, the plant can be cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient droplets.
　この実施例１６の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図３０に示すように、通気性素材１２、１３の上端より突出した保水性シートの上端部を少なくとも一方の通気性素材１３の上面に被せるように折り曲げ載置している点で、上記実施例１１～１５とは相違したものである。
　この実施例１６では、上述のように、通気性素材１２、１３の上端より突出した保水性シートの上端部を少なくとも一方の通気性素材１３の上面に折り曲げ載置することで、単に保水性シート１１を通気性素材１２、１３に挟んだだけの場合比べて養液６の一部を通気性素材１２、１３側にロスすることなく、養液６を折り曲げ載置した保水性シート１１ａを介して保水性シート１１に効果的に集めることができるので、養液６の落下位置のバラツキが大きい養液供給装置を用いて養液滴下位置が多少左右にずれてしまったとしても、少ない養液６の供給でも確実に植物を栽培することができる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 16, as shown in FIG. 30, the upper end portion of the water retention sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 12 and 13 is placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 13. This is different from the above-mentioned Examples 11 to 15 in that it is bent and mounted.
In Example 16, as described above, the upper end portion of the water-retaining sheet protruding from the upper ends of the breathable materials 12 and 13 is folded and placed on the upper surface of at least one of the breathable materials 13, so that the water-retaining sheet is simply used. Compared to the case where 11 is simply sandwiched between the breathable materials 12 and 13, a portion of the nutrient solution 6 is not lost to the breathable materials 12 and 13 side, and the nutrient solution 6 is folded and placed through the water retention sheet 11a. Therefore, even if the position of the nourishing liquid drop is slightly shifted to the left or right using a nutrient solution supply device with a large variation in the drop position of the nutrient solution 6, the amount of the nutrient solution is small. Plants can be cultivated reliably even with the supply of 6.
　なお、前記保水性シート１１は必ずしも１枚の連続したシートでなくてもかまわない。２枚以上の保水性シート１１を接触させたものでも同様の効果を奏する。例えば、図３０のような片方に通気性素材１３の上面に折り曲げ載置した保水性シート１１ａの上に通気性素材上面を覆うサイズの保水性シートを重ねて載置することにより、通気性素材上のどこに養液６が滴下しても、ロスすることなく養液６を保水性シート１１ひいては植物の苗の根周辺に誘導することができる。 The water retention sheet 11 does not necessarily have to be one continuous sheet. Even when two or more water-retaining sheets 11 are brought into contact with each other, the same effect can be obtained. For example, a breathable material can be obtained by stacking and placing a water retaining sheet of a size covering the top surface of the breathable material on the water retaining sheet 11a folded and placed on the breathable material 13 on one side as shown in FIG. No matter where the nutrient solution 6 drops, the nutrient solution 6 can be guided to the vicinity of the root of the seedling of the plant without loss.
　実施例１１は、図２５に示すような構成が例示できる。すべての使用資材が、精度が高く製造されている場合は、この構成のみでも保水性シート上に養液が滴下される。
　しかし市販で入手できるポリエチレンを通気性素材１２，１３として用いて検証したところ、厚みのブレが有った。
　また滴下チューブ５ｄの反り具合にもブレがあった。
　液を滴下するチューブの位置を図２２の１２（１）の左端から１３（１）の右端までの距離を正確に２分割する位置に設定すれば、１２（１）と１３（１）に同じ資材を用いた場合は理論的に同じ厚みであるからちょうど中心に置かれている保水シート上に液が落とせるはずであるが、実際に上記の通気性素材と滴下チューブを無作為に取って、厚み１ｍｍの保水性シートとともに用いた縦型システムで、太陽光下で３日間バジル苗で栽培検証したところ、中央の保水性シート上に液が滴下し順調に生育するケースと養液が部分的にしか保水シートにまわらず萎れる苗が出てくるケースの両者が確認された。
　実施例１２～１６は、実施例１１に比べ、より確実に保水シート上に養液を集中させられる。
　実施例１２～１６のいずれの方法でも、上記と同じ３日間の栽培検証で苗が萎れることはなかった。 Example 11 can illustrate the structure as shown in FIG. When all the materials used are manufactured with high accuracy, the nutrient solution is dropped on the water retention sheet only with this configuration.
However, when the commercially available polyethylene was used as the breathable materials 12 and 13, it was found that the thickness was uneven.
There was also a blur in the warping of the drip tube 5d.
If the position of the tube to which the liquid is dropped is set to a position that accurately divides the distance from the left end of 12 (1) in FIG. 22 to the right end of 13 (1) into two, the same as 12 (1) and 13 (1) If the material is used, it should theoretically have the same thickness, so the liquid should be able to be dropped onto the water-retaining sheet placed in the center. In a vertical system used with a 1 mm thick water-retaining sheet, when cultivation was verified with basil seedlings for 3 days under sunlight, the case where the liquid dripped onto the central water-retaining sheet and grows smoothly and the nutrient solution partially Both cases were found where seedlings that wilted out of the water retaining sheet appeared.
In Examples 12 to 16, compared with Example 11, the nutrient solution can be more reliably concentrated on the water retention sheet.
In any of the methods of Examples 12 to 16, the seedlings did not wither after the same 3-day cultivation verification as described above.
　この実施例１７の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図３１に示すように、折り曲げられた保水性シート１１ａは、その先端に行くにつれて肉厚が厚くなることでその上面が保水性シート１１を中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜状に形成されている点が、上記実施例１６とは相違したものである。
　この実施例１７では、上述のように、折り曲げられた保水性シート１１ａがその先端に行くにつれて肉厚が厚くなることでその上面が保水性シート１１を中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜状に形成することにより、折り曲げられた保水性シート１１ａ上面にとどまる時間が、傾斜がない場合に比べ短くなることにより、効率的に養液６を活用することができるようになる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of this Example 17, as shown in FIG. 31, the folded water-retaining sheet 11a is thicker toward the tip so that its upper surface is centered on the water-retaining sheet 11. As described above, the embodiment 16 is different from the embodiment 16 in that it is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher toward the outside.
In Example 17, as described above, the thickness of the folded water-retaining sheet 11a is increased as it goes to the tip, so that the top surface becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as the center. By forming in the shape, the time spent on the upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 11a is shortened as compared with the case where there is no inclination, so that the nutrient solution 6 can be used efficiently.
　この実施例１８の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図３２、３３に示すように、少なくとも折り曲げられた保水性シート１１ａ側の通気性素材１３の上面に保水性シート１１を中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜上面を有する傾斜部材１１ｂを備えている点で、上記実施例１６、１７とは相違したものである。
　この実施例１８では、上述のように、少なくとも折り曲げられた保水性シート１１ａ側の通気性素材１３の上面に保水性シート１１を中心として外側に行くに連れて高くなる傾斜上面を有する傾斜部材１１ａを備えることで、折り曲げられた保水性シート１１ａの上面が傾斜面となり、その傾斜面に滴下した養液６の外部への飛び跳ねを防止すると共に、保水性シート１１ａに滴下された養液６の通気性素材１３への漏れや蒸発を防止してより効率的に養液６を活用することができるようになる。
　なお、傾斜部材１１ｂの素材は任意であるが、少なくとも傾斜上面は通気性を有しない素材で構成されていることが望ましい。
　また、傾斜部材１１ｂの形状は、傾斜上面を形成するならば、断面は略直角三角形に限らず、任意である。また、傾斜部材１１ｂの傾斜上面は直線に限らず、その他に例えば凹曲面にしてもよい。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 18, as shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, at least the upper surface of the breathable material 13 on the side of the water-retaining sheet 11 a that is bent goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as the center. The present embodiment is different from the above-described Embodiments 16 and 17 in that it includes an inclined member 11b having an inclined upper surface that increases accordingly.
In Example 18, as described above, the inclined member 11a having the inclined upper surface that increases as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as the center on the upper surface of the breathable material 13 on the side of the water-retaining sheet 11a that is folded at least. The upper surface of the folded water-retaining sheet 11a becomes an inclined surface and prevents the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the inclined surface from jumping to the outside, and the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 11a. Leakage and evaporation to the breathable material 13 can be prevented, and the nutrient solution 6 can be used more efficiently.
In addition, although the raw material of the inclination member 11b is arbitrary, it is desirable that at least the upper surface of the inclination is made of a material having no air permeability.
Further, the shape of the inclined member 11b is not limited to a substantially right triangle as long as an inclined upper surface is formed, and is arbitrary. Further, the inclined upper surface of the inclined member 11b is not limited to a straight line, but may be a concave curved surface, for example.
　この実施例１９の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図３４に示すように、折り曲げられた保水性シート１１ａ側の通気性素材１３の上面が保水性シート１１を中心として外側に行くにつれて高くなる傾斜状に形成されている点で、上記実施例１６～１８とは相違したものである。
　この実施例１９では、上述のように、折り曲げられた保水性シート１１ａ側の通気性素材１３の上面が保水性シート１１を中心として外側に行くにつれて高くなる傾斜状に形成されることで、折り曲げられた保水性シート１１ａの上面が傾斜面となり、その傾斜面に滴下した養液６の外部への飛び跳ねを防止すると共に、保水性シート１１ａに滴下された養液６の通気性素材１３への漏れや蒸発を防止してより効率的に養液６を活用することができるようになる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 19, as shown in FIG. 34, the upper surface of the folded breathable material 13 on the water retention sheet 11 a side becomes higher as it goes to the outside centering on the water retention sheet 11. This is different from the above Examples 16 to 18 in that it is formed in a shape.
In Example 19, as described above, the upper surface of the breathable material 13 on the side of the water-retaining sheet 11a that is folded is formed in an inclined shape that becomes higher as it goes outward with the water-retaining sheet 11 as a center. The upper surface of the water-retaining sheet 11a is an inclined surface, and prevents the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the inclined surface from jumping to the outside, and the nutrient solution 6 dropped on the water-retaining sheet 11a is applied to the breathable material 13. The nutrient solution 6 can be used more efficiently by preventing leakage and evaporation.
　この実施例２０の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図３５に示すように、養液供給手段５には保水性シート１１への養液供給量を調整する流量調整手段５２を備え、該流量調整手段５２から養液６を保水性シート１１に滴下させるように構成され、保水性シート１１の下端部には水分量センサ１４を備え、前記流量調整手段５２が、電動バルブ５２ａと前記水分量センサ１４からの信号で電動バルブ５２ａを自動制御することにより、保水性シート１１下端部の保水量を制御する養液供給量制御手段５２ｂで構成されている点で、上記実施例１１～１９とは相違したものである。
　なお、前記水分量センサ１４は、保水性シート１１の下端部の水分量を計測するもので、保水性シート１１の下端部に備えられている。この水分量センサ１４で計測された水分量は水分量計１４ａに表示される。
　前記流量調整手段５２は、保水性シート１１への養液６の滴下量を調整するもので、この実施例２０では電動バルブ５２ａと、前記水分量センサ１４からの信号により電動バルブ５２ａを自動制御することにより保水性シート１１下端部の保水量を飽和状態になるように制御する養液供給量制御手段５２ｂを備えている。
　また、縦型水耕栽培筒１の下部に保水性シート１１から滴下した養液６を受けるドレンパン１４ｂを備えることで、保水性シート１１の下端部の水分量が飽和状態を超えた場合の養液６を収容することができる。なお、このドレンパン１４ｂ内には保水性素材１４ｃを収容することにより、養液６の蒸発を抑制する。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of this Example 20, as shown in FIG. 35, the nutrient solution supply means 5 includes a flow rate adjusting means 52 for adjusting the nutrient solution supply amount to the water retention sheet 11, and the flow rate adjustment is performed. The nutrient solution 6 is dripped onto the water retention sheet 11 from the means 52, the moisture content sensor 14 is provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11, and the flow rate adjustment means 52 includes the electric valve 52 a and the moisture content sensor. The above-mentioned Examples 11 to 19 are configured by a nutrient solution supply amount control means 52b for controlling the water retention amount at the lower end portion of the water retention sheet 11 by automatically controlling the electric valve 52a with a signal from 14. It is different.
The water content sensor 14 measures the water content at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11 and is provided at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11. The amount of moisture measured by the moisture amount sensor 14 is displayed on the moisture meter 14a.
The flow rate adjusting means 52 adjusts the dripping amount of the nutrient solution 6 onto the water retention sheet 11. In this embodiment 20, the electric valve 52 a and the electric valve 52 a are automatically controlled by a signal from the moisture sensor 14. Thus, there is provided nutrient solution supply amount control means 52b for controlling the water retention amount at the lower end of the water retention sheet 11 so as to become saturated.
Moreover, by providing the drain pan 14b which receives the nutrient solution 6 dripped from the water retention sheet | seat 11 in the lower part of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 1, the nutrient when the moisture content of the lower end part of the water retention sheet | seat 11 exceeds a saturated state Liquid 6 can be accommodated. In addition, evaporation of the nutrient solution 6 is suppressed by accommodating the water retaining material 14c in the drain pan 14b.
　この実施例２０では、上述のように、養液供給手段５には保水性シート１１への養液供給量を調整する流量調整手段５２を備え、該流量調整手段５２から養液６を保水性シート１１に滴下させるように構成され、保水性シート１１の下端部には水分量センサ１４を備えることにより、保水性シート１１の下端部の水分量が飽和量を超えないように調整し、養液回収循環装置を設置しない、もしくは受け皿等簡易なものの設置で済ますことも可能である。あるいは、飽和量を少量だけ超過したごく少量の養液６が循環するシステムとすることも可能である。 In Example 20, as described above, the nutrient solution supply means 5 is provided with the flow rate adjusting means 52 for adjusting the supply amount of the nutrient solution to the water retention sheet 11, and the nutrient solution 6 is retained by the flow rate adjusting means 52. It is comprised so that it may be dripped at the sheet | seat 11, and it adjusts so that the moisture content of the lower end part of the water retention sheet | seat 11 may not exceed saturation amount by providing the moisture content sensor 14 in the lower end part of the water retention sheet | seat 11, It is also possible to install a simple object such as a saucer without installing a liquid recovery / circulation device. Alternatively, a system in which a very small amount of nutrient solution 6 that exceeds the saturation amount by a small amount can be circulated.
　また、この実施例２０では、流量調整手段５２として、電動バルブ５２ａと養液供給量制御手段５２ｂを備えることで、電動バルブ５２ａを自動制御し、自動で養液量を適量に調整することができる。
　これにより、栽培ハウス外からの遠隔操作で制御する場合も含め、急な天気や気温の変動に対しても出遅れることなしに自動で養液量調整を行うことができる。 In the twentieth embodiment, the electric valve 52a and the nutrient solution supply amount control unit 52b are provided as the flow rate adjusting unit 52, so that the electric valve 52a is automatically controlled and the nutrient solution amount can be automatically adjusted to an appropriate amount. it can.
Thereby, including the case where it controls by the remote operation from the outside of a cultivation house, it can adjust automatically the amount of nutrient solution without being delayed even for sudden weather and temperature fluctuations.
　この実施例２１の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図３６に示すように、流量調整手段５２として手動バルブ５２ｃを用いた点が前記実施例２０とは相違したものである。
　この実施例２１では、上述のように、流量調整手段５２として手動バルブ５２ｃを用いることで、手動で特に設備費をかけず養液量を適量に調整することができる。 The vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 21 is different from Example 20 in that a manual valve 52c is used as the flow rate adjusting means 52 as shown in FIG.
In Example 21, as described above, by using the manual valve 52c as the flow rate adjusting means 52, it is possible to manually adjust the amount of nutrient solution to an appropriate amount without particularly incurring equipment costs.
　この実施例２２の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図３７に示すように、保水性シート２１に接する状態で温熱ヒーター１０を備えている点が上記実施例１１～２１とは相違したものである。
　この実施例２２では、上述のように、保水性シート１１に接する状態で温熱ヒーター１５を備えることで、冬場においても保水性シート１１に接している植物の細根の周りの温度を適温に保つことができ、これにより、細根の発達を促し養液吸収率を大幅に向上させて収量の向上に繋げることができるようになるという効果が得られる。 The vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 22 is different from Examples 11 to 21 in that the thermal heater 10 is provided in contact with the water retention sheet 21 as shown in FIG. .
In Example 22, as described above, the temperature around the fine root of the plant in contact with the water-retaining sheet 11 is kept at an appropriate temperature even in winter by providing the thermal heater 15 in contact with the water-retaining sheet 11. As a result, it is possible to promote the development of fine roots, greatly improve the nutrient solution absorption rate and lead to an increase in yield.
　この実施例２３の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図３８に示すように、前記両外枠２、２の上端面を覆う天板部２１を備える点が、上記実施例１１～２２とは相違したものである。
　従って、この実施例２３では、両外枠２、２内への埃の侵入を防止すると共に、太陽光を遮断し、これにより、培地１に藻やカビが発生するのを抑制することができる。 As shown in FIG. 38, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 23 differs from the above Examples 11 to 22 in that it includes a top plate portion 21 that covers the upper end surfaces of the outer frames 2 and 2. It is a thing.
Therefore, in this Example 23, it is possible to prevent dust from entering the both outer frames 2 and 2 and to block sunlight, thereby suppressing the generation of algae and mold in the culture medium 1. .
　この実施例２４の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図３９に示すように、前記天板部２１が両外枠２、２の対面側へ向けて下向きに傾斜する斜面に形成されている点が、上記実施例１１～２３とは相違したものである。
　従って、この実施例２４では、保水シートをどちらかの傾斜面に接触させる位置に配置させれば、斜面上のいずれの部分に養液６が滴下しても養液６を確実に保水布上に集中的に供給することができるようになる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 24, as shown in FIG. 39, the top plate portion 21 is formed on an inclined surface that is inclined downward toward the facing sides of both outer frames 2 and 2. This is different from the above Examples 11 to 23.
Therefore, in this Example 24, if the water retaining sheet is disposed at a position where it contacts any one of the inclined surfaces, the nutrient solution 6 can be reliably placed on the water retaining cloth even if the nutrient solution 6 drops on any part on the slope. To be able to supply intensively.
　この実施例２５の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図４０に示すように、両外枠２、２の形状が、横断面略半円状であり、両外枠２、２の上下両端部の一部を互いに当接させている点が、上記実施例１１～２４とは相違したものである。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 25, as shown in FIG. 40, the shapes of both outer frames 2 and 2 are substantially semicircular in cross section, and the upper and lower ends of both outer frames 2 and 2 are This is different from the above-described Examples 11 to 24 in that a part is brought into contact with each other.
　この実施例２６の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図４１に示すように、前記両外枠２、２相互間の植物の苗又は種８を植え込むため隙間Ｗ、Ｗが縦方向一定間隔の下に複数形成されている点が、上記実施例１１～２５とは相違したものである。 As shown in FIG. 41, in the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 26, the gaps W and W are below a certain distance in the vertical direction in order to plant seedlings or seeds 8 between the two outer frames 2 and 2. This is different from the above Examples 11 to 25 in that a plurality of them are formed.
　実施例２５のシステムでは、結束バンドで結束することも可能であり、また、図４２に示すような係合状態とすることも可能である。また、結束する際に誰が実施しても結束の強さによらず同じ仕上がりにすることが可能であるので、作業者が熟練していなくても失敗が少ない。
　実施例２６のシステムでは、苗を植える株間が非熟練者でもすぐわかり、定植作業がミスなく効率的に実施できる。
　一方、実施例１１～２４に示したような、例えば、図２４のような外枠を用いたシステムでは、結束の強さ・結束バンドの長さ等を調節することにより、はさみこむ植物体の大きさにあわせて柔軟に締め具合を調節することが可能である。
　また、実施例１１～２５に示したような一続きの縦型スリット又は苗２つ以上が入るような縦長な開口部を有するシステムは、実施例２６や特許文献２のシステムのようなあらかじめ各植物苗を植える位置に孔が設けられているのに比べて、最適な株間になるような箇所を自由に選べる点で優れている。つまり、大きな苗を植える際には株間を大きめにとることも可能であり、一方、株間を小さくして、より多くの本数の苗を植えることも可能となる。
　中でも、一続きの縦型スリットは、苗の本数・株間に柔軟に対応できる点で、特に優れている。 In the system of the twenty-fifth embodiment, it is possible to bind with a binding band, and it is also possible to have an engagement state as shown in FIG. Further, no matter who performs the bundling, it is possible to achieve the same finish regardless of the bundling strength, so there are few failures even if the operator is not skilled.
In the system of Example 26, even a non-skilled person can easily know the interval between plants for planting seedlings, and can perform the planting work efficiently without mistakes.
On the other hand, in the system using the outer frame as shown in Examples 11 to 24, for example, the size of the plant body to be sandwiched by adjusting the binding strength, the binding band length, and the like. It is possible to flexibly adjust the tightening according to the height.
Further, a system having a continuous vertical slit as shown in Examples 11 to 25 or a vertically long opening for receiving two or more seedlings is provided in advance as in Example 26 and the system of Patent Document 2. Compared to the holes at the planting seedling planting position, it is superior in that it allows you to freely select the optimal spot between the plants. In other words, when planting a large seedling, it is possible to make a large space between the stocks, while it is possible to plant a larger number of seedlings by reducing the space between the stocks.
Among them, a series of vertical slits is particularly excellent in that it can flexibly cope with the number of seedlings and the strain.
　この実施例２７の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図４２に示すように、前記連結手段３が両外枠２、２間を着脱可能にかみ合わせる構造である点が上記実施例１１～２６とは相違したものである。
　すなわち、この実施例２７では、両外枠２、２の両端部に、互いにかみ合う係合爪３２、３３を備え、両係合爪３２、３３同士の係合状態を維持するようになっている。
　なお、両係合爪３２、３３を設ける箇所及び個数は任意であるが、少なくとも外枠２、２の上下両端部付近に設けることが望ましい。
　従って、この実施例２７の連結手段３では、両外枠２、２間の着脱操作が簡単に行なえるようになる。 As shown in FIG. 42, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 27 is different from the above Examples 11 to 26 in that the connecting means 3 has a structure in which the outer frames 2 and 2 are detachably engaged. Is different.
That is, in the embodiment 27, the engaging claws 32 and 33 meshing with each other are provided at both end portions of both the outer frames 2 and 2, and the engaging state between the engaging claws 32 and 33 is maintained. .
In addition, although the location and the number of both engaging claws 32 and 33 are arbitrary, it is desirable to provide at least near the upper and lower ends of the outer frames 2 and 2.
Therefore, in the connecting means 3 of the embodiment 27, the attaching / detaching operation between the both outer frames 2 and 2 can be easily performed.
　この実施例２８の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図４３に示すように、分割型外枠２、２間の隙間Ｗが、保水性シート１１の一側縁部付近だけに形成されている点が、上記実施例１１～２７とは相違したものである。
　従って、この実施例２８では、植物の栽培量が少ない点を除けば、上記実施例１１～２７と同様の効果が得られる。 In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 28, as shown in FIG. 43, the gap W between the split outer frames 2 and 2 is formed only in the vicinity of one side edge of the water retention sheet 11. However, this is different from Examples 11 to 27.
Therefore, in Example 28, the same effects as in Examples 11 to 27 can be obtained except that the amount of plant cultivation is small.
　実施例２８に相当する栽培システムと、特開２０１８－１１３９２７に相当する栽培システムの比較実験を実施した。
　（特開２０１８－１１３９２７に相当する栽培システムは、できあがり形状は図４３と同じであるが２枚に分割できないスリットが入った一体型の筒である点が実施例２８とは異なっている。）
　具体的には、下記の方法で特開２０１８－１１３９２７に相当する栽培システムとしてサンプルＡを、本出願の実施例２８に相当する栽培システムとしてサンプルＢを準備した。
　それらを用いて、３か月栽培後の苗片づけ時に「苗および内部の培地の取り出しやすさ」・「培地を取り出したあとの栽培筒の洗浄しやすさ」の２点を比較評価した。　サンプルの準備方法：
　（１）断面の一辺が１０ｃｍの正方形で、その一辺に幅１ｃｍのスリット（隙間）を有し、長さが１５０ｃｍである分割型の縦型水耕栽培筒（材質はポリ塩化ビニル）を準備した。
　厚さ４．８ｃｍ、幅１０ｃｍ、長さ１５０ｃｍの通気性素材(ポリエチレン)を半分の長さで２枚に折り畳み、その間に、厚さ１ｍｍ、幅９ｃｍ、長さ７０ｃｍのポリエステルフェルト（保水性シート）をその間に入れ通気性素材と保水性素材の中間に、バジル苗を株間２０ｃｍずつ開けて３苗挟み込んだ。
　上記を２セット準備した。
　断面の一辺が１０ｃｍの正方形で、その一辺に幅１ｃｍのスリット（隙間）を有し、長さが１５０ｃｍである分割型の縦型水耕栽培筒に２つを縦長に重ねる状態で充填し、サンプルＡとした。
　（２）断面の一辺が１０ｃｍの正方形で、その一辺に幅１ｃｍのスリット（隙間）を有し、長さが１５０ｃｍである縦型水耕栽培筒（材質はポリ塩化ビニル）を、スリット（隙間）を有する側面の向かい側にある面を縦長に２分割するように、電動のこぎりで切断し、略コの字型の外枠２枚を準備した。
　厚さ４．８ｃｍ、幅１０ｃｍ、長さ１５０ｃｍの通気性素材(ポリエチレン)を２枚用意し、そのうち１枚を、略コの字型の外枠１枚の内側におさまる向きで納めた。そのポリエチレンシートの上に、厚さ１ｍｍ、幅９ｃｍ、長さ１５０ｃｍのポリエステルフェルト（保水性シート）をのせ、スリット（隙間）に相当する方向にバジルの地上部が向くように、そして、縦方向の間隔はサンプルＡと同様になるようバジル苗６を保水シート上に配置し上からもう１枚のポリエチレンシートを載せた。
　その上から、スリットの向きがそろうようにもう１枚の略コの字型の外枠をかぶせ、上端・中央・下端の３か所を、爪の位置を調節することでシメ具合を調節可能なタイプの結束バンドで巻締め、サンプルＢとした。
　比較実験１：サンプルＡ、Ｂそれぞれを図２１、２８に示す装置で、太陽光下で３か月栽培した後、サンプルＡはフックを用いて培地を引き出した。サンプルＢは、結束バンドをゆるめて外し、外枠を開き、培地を取り出した。
　サンプルＡは、足で栽培筒を抑えながら両手でフックを力いっぱいひくことで取り出すことができた。
　サンプルＢは、結束バンドを緩めるだけなので手先のみで培地の取り出しが可能であった。
　また、取り出したあとの通気性素材は、サンプルＡではフックをあてた部分が引き延ばされて変形していた。
　同じ３か月栽培を３回繰り返すと、縁部分がちぎれる培地も出てくることも同条件で実施した他のサンプルを用いて確認された。
　サンプルＢでは、同様の回数栽培試験に使用したが、通気性素材の目立った劣化は見られなかったことから、本願発明の方が、苗交換時の操作性・耐久性に優れることが確認された。
　比較実験２：サンプルＡ、Ｂそれぞれについて、内側に付着した藻を除去するためハイター液を含ませたスポンジでこすり、水洗いを実施した。
　１セットの栽培筒を洗うための所要時間は、サンプルＡで５分、サンプルＢでは２分であった。また、サンプルＡについては奥まで手が届かないのでスポンジに細い棒をつけてこする必要があった。
　以上のように、洗いやすさという点でも圧倒的に本願発明の方が、操作性が良いことが確認された。 A comparison experiment was conducted between the cultivation system corresponding to Example 28 and the cultivation system corresponding to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-119392.
(The cultivation system corresponding to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-1113927 is different from the embodiment 28 in that the finished shape is the same as that in FIG. 43, but is an integrated tube with a slit that cannot be divided into two pieces.)
Specifically, sample A was prepared as a cultivation system corresponding to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-1113927 and sample B was prepared as a cultivation system corresponding to Example 28 of the present application by the following method.
Using these, two points of “ease of taking out seedlings and internal medium” and “ease of washing the cultivation cylinder after taking out the medium” were compared and evaluated at the time of cleaning the seedlings after 3 months of cultivation. Sample preparation method:
(1) Prepare a split-type vertical hydroponic cylinder (material is polyvinyl chloride) that has a 10 cm square on one side, a 1 cm wide slit (gap) on one side, and a length of 150 cm did.
A breathable material (polyethylene) with a thickness of 4.8 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a length of 150 cm is folded into two pieces in half, and a polyester felt (water-retaining sheet) with a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 9 cm, and a length of 70 cm in between. ) Was placed between the breathable material and the water-retaining material, and the basil seedlings were opened by 20 cm between the strains, and 3 seedlings were sandwiched between them.
Two sets of the above were prepared.
One side of the cross-section is a square of 10 cm, a slit (gap) having a width of 1 cm on one side, and a split-type vertical hydroponics cylinder having a length of 150 cm is filled in a state where two are stacked vertically, Sample A was designated.
(2) A vertical hydroponics cylinder (material is polyvinyl chloride) having a slit (gap) having a width of 1 cm on one side and a length of 150 cm on one side and a slit (gap). ) Were cut with an electric saw so as to divide the surface on the opposite side of the side surface having a vertical shape into two, and two substantially U-shaped outer frames were prepared.
Two sheets of breathable material (polyethylene) having a thickness of 4.8 cm, a width of 10 cm, and a length of 150 cm were prepared, and one of the sheets was placed in a direction that fits inside one substantially U-shaped outer frame. A polyester felt (water-retaining sheet) with a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 9 cm and a length of 150 cm is placed on the polyethylene sheet so that the ground part of the basil faces in the direction corresponding to the slit (gap), and the vertical direction The basil seedling 6 was placed on the water-retaining sheet so that the interval was the same as that of the sample A, and another polyethylene sheet was placed from above.
On top of that, another sheet of approximately U-shaped outer frame is placed so that the direction of the slit is aligned, and the degree of squeezing can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the nail at the top, center and bottom. Sample B was wound with a binding band of a different type.
Comparative experiment 1: Samples A and B were cultivated for 3 months under sunlight with the apparatus shown in FIGS. 21 and 28, and then sample A was pulled out using a hook. For sample B, the binding band was loosened and removed, the outer frame was opened, and the medium was taken out.
Sample A was able to be taken out by pulling the hook with both hands while holding the cultivation cylinder with the feet.
In sample B, since the binding band was only loosened, it was possible to remove the medium with only the hand.
Further, the breathable material after taking out was deformed by extending the portion to which the hook was applied in Sample A.
When the same three-month cultivation was repeated three times, it was confirmed by using other samples carried out under the same conditions that a medium with a tearing edge came out.
In sample B, although it was used for the same number of times cultivation test, since the noticeable deterioration of the breathable material was not seen, it was confirmed that the present invention is superior in operability and durability during seedling replacement. It was.
Comparative experiment 2: Samples A and B were each rubbed with a sponge containing a hyter solution to remove algae attached to the inside and washed with water.
The time required to wash one set of cultivation tubes was 5 minutes for sample A and 2 minutes for sample B. In addition, since the sample A was out of reach, it was necessary to attach a thin stick to the sponge.
As described above, it was confirmed that the present invention is overwhelmingly easier to operate in terms of ease of washing.
　この実施例２９の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図４４、４５に示すように、連結された両外枠２，２の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段５から滴下する養液６を前記保水性シート１１の上端部に案内する養液供給開口部１６ｂを下端部に有する案内部材１６を備えている点が、上記実施例１１～２８とは相違したものである。
　前記案内部材１６は、両外筒２、２の上端開口部に養液供給手段５から滴下する養液６を保水性シート１１の上端部に適正に案内する役目をなす。
　この案内部材１６は、図４５にその詳細を示すように、両外筒２、２の上端開口縁部の前後の縁部に掛止する状態で備えられ、養液供給手段５からの養液６を受け止める広めの上端開口部１６ａの底部には、中央に向かって傾斜する傾斜面を介して養液供給開口部１６ｂが設けられている。この養液供給開口部１６ｂは、この実施例２９では、保水性シート１１の長手方向に沿って長いスリット状に形成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 44 and 45, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 29 has the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the nutrient solution supply means 5 at the upper end openings of both outer frames 2 and 2 connected to each other. The point which is provided with the guide member 16 which has the nutrient solution supply opening part 16b guided to the upper end part of the water retention sheet | seat 11 in a lower end part is different from the said Examples 11-28.
The guide member 16 serves to properly guide the nutrient solution 6 dropped from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the upper end openings of the outer cylinders 2, 2 to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 11.
As shown in detail in FIG. 45, the guide member 16 is provided in a state of being hooked on the front and rear edges of the upper end opening edges of the outer cylinders 2, 2, and the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution supply means 5 A nourishing liquid supply opening 16b is provided at the bottom of the wider upper end opening 16a for receiving 6 through an inclined surface inclined toward the center. In this Example 29, the nutrient solution supply opening 16b is formed in a long slit shape along the longitudinal direction of the water retention sheet 11.
　従って、この実施例２９では、縦型水耕栽培筒１の上端開口部に養液供給手段４から滴下する養液７を保水性シート２１の上端部に案内する養液供給開口部１６ｂを下端部に有する案内部材１６を備えることで、養液６が通気性素材１２、１３方向に漏れ出ることなしに、保水性シート１１に確実に案内することができる。これにより、養液６の落下位置のバラツキが大きい養液供給装置を用いて養液滴下位置が多少左右にずれてしまったとしても、植物に到達する養液が少なくなって枯れてしまうリスクを低減できる。
　上述の案内部材１６を使わずに、通気性素材１２、１３と保水シート１１に養液供給パイプ５ａの先端を挟んだりする方法でも養液６を保水性シート１１に集めることはできるが、上述の案内部材１６を用いた場合の方が、案内部１９の養液供給開口部１６ｂ部分が目で見える状態にできるので、養液６の詰まりがないかの確認が容易である。
　これにより、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を効率的に栽培することができる。 Therefore, in this Example 29, the lower end of the nutrient solution supply opening 16b for guiding the nutrient solution 7 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 4 to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder 1 to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 21 By providing the guide member 16 in the part, the nutrient solution 6 can be reliably guided to the water retention sheet 11 without leaking in the direction of the breathable material 12, 13. As a result, even if the nutrient solution lowering position slightly shifts to the left and right using a nutrient solution supply device with a large variation in the drop position of the nutrient solution 6, there is a risk that the nutrient solution that reaches the plant will decrease and die. Can be reduced.
The nutrient solution 6 can be collected in the water retention sheet 11 by a method in which the tip of the nutrient solution supply pipe 5a is sandwiched between the breathable materials 12 and 13 and the moisture retention sheet 11 without using the guide member 16 described above. When the guide member 16 is used, the nutrient solution supply opening 16b portion of the guide portion 19 can be made visible, so that it is easier to check whether the nutrient solution 6 is clogged.
Thereby, a plant can be efficiently cultivated with the minimum amount of nutrient drops.
　この実施例３０の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図４６～５０に示すように、前記案内部材１６が、両外枠２，２の上端開口部に養液供給手段５から滴下する養液６を保水性シート１１の上端部に案内する養液供給開口部１６ｂを下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップとした点で、上記実施例２９とは相違したものである。
　この実施例３０では、上述のように、前記案内部材１６として、両外枠２，２の上端開口部に養液供給手段５から滴下する養液６を保水性シート１１の上端部に案内する養液供給開口部１６ｂを下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップとすることで、両外枠２，２の上端開口部の開放部分面積を大幅に減らすことができ、両外枠２，２の内へのほこり（カビの胞子も含まれる）の侵入を防ぐことができる。
　また、両外枠２，２の上端よりも高く栽培植物が伸びた場合、キャップをしていないと収穫時等に葉や茎が栽培筒内部へ入ってしまい、それが放置されることでハダニ等の虫の繁殖源になったり腐ったりしてしまう。上述のキャップをすることにより、葉や茎の侵入を抑制できるとともに、キャップだけをとりはずせば容易に葉や茎の清掃が可能であって、病虫害のリスク低減を簡便な方法ですることができる。
　またさらに培地への光の侵入を抑制することができるので、培地へのカビや藻の発生を抑制することができるようになる。
　植物に病害性をもたない種類であっても、長期間栽培を続けていくと、藻が保水性シートの表面に繁茂することで外観の印象が悪くなるだけでなく、保水性シートの表面が疎水的になり、保水能力が低減してくる。これにより、滴下した養液の一部が通気性素材側にロスされ、ひいては植物への養液供給が不足していく。
　これに対し、上述のような漏斗型のキャップとすることで、長期間の連続栽培においても、必要最小限度の養液滴下量で植物を効率的に栽培することができるようになる。 As shown in FIGS. 46 to 50, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 30 has a nutrient solution 6 in which the guide member 16 drops from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the upper end openings of both outer frames 2 and 2. Is different from Example 29 in that a nourishing liquid supply opening 16b that guides the water retention sheet 11 to the upper end of the water retention sheet 11 is used.
In Example 30, as described above, the nutrient solution 6 dripped from the nutrient solution supply means 5 to the upper end openings of the outer frames 2 and 2 is guided to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet 11 as the guide member 16. By using a funnel-type cap having the nutrient solution supply opening 16b at the lower end, the open area of the upper ends of the outer frames 2 and 2 can be greatly reduced. Prevents the entry of dust (including mold spores).
In addition, if the cultivated plant grows higher than the upper ends of both outer frames 2 and 2, if it is not capped, leaves and stems will enter the cultivation tube at harvest time etc. It becomes a breeding source of insects such as, and it rots. By applying the above-mentioned cap, the invasion of leaves and stems can be suppressed, and if only the cap is removed, the leaves and stems can be easily cleaned, and the risk of pest damage can be reduced by a simple method. .
Furthermore, since light can be prevented from entering the medium, generation of mold and algae into the medium can be suppressed.
Even if it is a kind that does not cause disease to plants, if it continues to grow for a long time, the algae grows on the surface of the water retention sheet, not only the appearance impression worsens, but also the surface of the water retention sheet Becomes hydrophobic and water retention capacity is reduced. Thereby, a part of dripped nutrient solution is lost to the breathable material side, and eventually the nutrient solution supply to the plant becomes insufficient.
On the other hand, by using a funnel-type cap as described above, plants can be efficiently cultivated with a minimum amount of nutrient droplets dropped even during long-term continuous cultivation.
　この実施例３１の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図５１、５２に示すように、前記キャップが、前記両外枠２、２内に収容された培地１の上端部側を遮光する遮光壁１６ｃを前記両外枠２，２で囲まれていない側面部分の少なくとも一部分を塞ぐ状態で備えている点が、上記実施例３０とは相違したものである。
　従って、この実施例３１では、上述のように、培地１の上端部側を遮光する遮光壁１６ｃを備えることで、保水性シート１１表面へのほこり（カビの胞子も含まれる）の付着を抑制するとともに保水性シート１１表面へ光があたることを抑制し、これにより、培地１へのカビや藻の発生を抑制することができるようになる。 As shown in FIGS. 51 and 52, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 31 has a light shielding wall 16c in which the cap shields the upper end side of the culture medium 1 accommodated in the outer frames 2 and 2. Is different from the above-described embodiment 30 in that at least a part of the side surface portion not surrounded by the outer frames 2 and 2 is closed.
Therefore, in Example 31, as described above, by providing the light-shielding wall 16c that shields the upper end side of the culture medium 1, adhesion of dust (including mold spores) to the surface of the water-retaining sheet 11 is suppressed. At the same time, the surface of the water-retaining sheet 11 is prevented from being exposed to light, whereby the generation of mold and algae on the medium 1 can be suppressed.
　この実施例３２の縦型水耕栽培システムは、図５３に示すように、キャップの上端開口縁部にキャップの上端開口部を開閉自在な蓋体１６ｄを備える点が、上記実施例２９～３１とは相違したものである。
　従って、この実施例３２では、閉自在な蓋体１６ｄを備えることで、外枠２、２を使用していないときには案内部材１６の口を完全に閉鎖することにより、キャップ内へのほこり（カビの胞子も含まれる）の侵入を防止することができるようになる。 As shown in FIG. 53, the vertical hydroponic cultivation system of Example 32 is provided with a lid 16d that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap at the upper end opening edge of the cap. Is different.
Therefore, in this embodiment 32, the lid 16d that can be closed is provided, and when the outer frames 2 and 2 are not used, the mouth of the guide member 16 is completely closed, so that dust (mold) can enter the cap. (Including spores) can be prevented.
　以上、本発明の複数の実施例を説明してきたが、本発明は上述の実施例に限られるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計変更等があっても、本発明に含まれる。 As described above, a plurality of embodiments of the present invention have been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and design changes and the like within the scope of the present invention are included in the present invention. It is.
　例えば、実施例では、縦型水耕栽培筒１をハウスの天井に吊下げた状態で備えた例を示したが、床面に立設した状態で備えるようにしてもよい。 For example, in the embodiment, an example in which the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder 1 is provided in a state of being suspended from the ceiling of the house is shown, but it may be provided in a state of being erected on the floor surface.
　また、実施例では、外枠として、横断面略コの字状又は略半円状のものを例示したが、横断面が前記隙間部分を残して各通気性素材の外周を囲う形態であればその具体的形状は任意である。 Further, in the examples, the outer frame is exemplified by a substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular cross section, but if the cross section surrounds the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion. The specific shape is arbitrary.
　また実施例では、連結部材３として緩めることも可能な結束バンド３１を用いたが、マジックテープ（登録商標）・ワイヤー・ひも・テープ等も用いることができる。
　また、自動結束機を用いることで大量な結束を短時間で実施することもできる。自動結束機でも使用されているような、熱溶融バンドでの結束の場合は、とりはずす際ははさみで切断することができ、楽に栽培筒の分割・片付けが可能となる。 In the embodiment, the binding band 31 that can be loosened is used as the connecting member 3, but magic tape (registered trademark), wire, string, tape, or the like can also be used.
Further, a large amount of binding can be performed in a short time by using an automatic binding machine. In the case of binding with a hot melting band, which is also used in an automatic binding machine, it can be cut with scissors when it is removed, making it easy to divide and clean the cultivation cylinder.
　また、縦型水耕栽培システム又は方法の光源としては、太陽光の他にＬＥＤ等の人工光を用いることができる。人工光を利用する場合は、例えば、本栽培システムの隙間Ｗ、Ｗの面にＬＥＤ等の人工光装置を備える。 Also, as the light source of the vertical hydroponics system or method, artificial light such as LED can be used in addition to sunlight. When using artificial light, for example, artificial light devices such as LEDs are provided on the surfaces of the gaps W, W of the main cultivation system.
　また、実施例では、苗を定植する例を示したが、別途播種設備で栽培した際の培地がついたままの植物苗を定植するようにしてもよい。
　この方法を用いた場合、例えばウレタン培地に播種を行い、各苗周辺の培地を残したまま挟むことにより根洗いの手間を省くことができる。
　また、根が細く根洗いをすると傷んでその後の生育が悪くなる植物種も失敗せずに栽培することが可能となる。
　また、少ない養液量で確実に植物への水と酸素の供給が可能であるため、まだ根が出てきていない挿し穂の状態で定植するようにしてもよい。
　この方法を用いることにより、播種からの生育が遅い植物種についても短期間で苗を育てることができる。
　根のついている状態の植物の代わりに、さし穂をはさむ方法とすることにより、通常の根がついた植物を移植する場合に実施する、床や台の上などで通気性素材の上にのせた保水布上に植物を並べてからもう一方の通気性素材を上にのせてはさんだ状態をつくり結束するという方法に加え、通気性素材の間に保水シートをはさんだものを分割型外枠で囲った栽培筒を植物なしで先に組み立てておき、通気性素材と保水シートの間に差し込んでいくという方法も実施しやすく、定植作業を１人で実施する場合であっても時間をかけず簡単に実施することが可能となる。
　周囲の収穫用に栽培している植物から挿し穂を切り取れば、育苗スペースや育苗期間無しに栽培植物を増やすことが可能なことも、作業低減に寄与する。
　また、保水性シートに付着した状態の植物の両側を通気性素材ではさんで定植する方法を用いることにより、草丈が高めの状態・地下部がある程度発達した状態で移植したい場合にも簡単に定植作業を行うことができる。 Moreover, although the example which planted a seedling was shown in the Example, you may make it plant a plant seedling with the culture medium at the time of cultivating with seeding equipment separately.
When this method is used, for example, seeding is carried out in a urethane medium, and the trouble of root washing can be saved by sandwiching the medium while leaving the medium around each seedling.
Moreover, it becomes possible to cultivate without failing the plant species that are damaged when roots are thin and are damaged.
Moreover, since water and oxygen can be reliably supplied to the plant with a small amount of nutrient solution, the plant may be planted in the state of cuttings that have not yet rooted.
By using this method, seedlings can be grown in a short period of time for plant species that are slow to grow after sowing.
Instead of using a plant with roots in place, use a method that uses a cutting needle to place a normal rooted plant on a breathable material on a floor or table. In addition to the method of placing plants on a water retaining cloth and placing the other breathable material on top to create a state of being sandwiched and binding, a split outer frame sandwiches a water retaining sheet between the breathable materials It is easy to carry out the method of assembling the enclosed cultivation tube first without a plant and inserting it between the breathable material and the water retaining sheet, and even if the planting work is carried out by one person, it does not take time It becomes possible to carry out easily.
The ability to increase the number of cultivated plants without raising the seedling space or seedling period if the cuttings are cut from the plants cultivated for harvesting in the surrounding area also contributes to reducing the work.
In addition, by using a method of planting both sides of the plant attached to the water retaining sheet with a breathable material, it is easy to plant even if you want to transplant in a state where the plant height is high or the underground part is developed to some extent Work can be done.
　１０１　　　縦型水耕栽培筒
　１１１　　　スリット
　１０２　　　培地
　１２１　　　保水性シート
　　１２１ａ　折り曲げた保水性シート
　　１２１ｂ　傾斜部材
　１２２　　　通気性素材
　１２３　　　通気性素材
　１０３　　　養液収容タンク
　１０４　　　養液供給手段
　　１０４ａ　養液供給パイプ
　　１０４ｂ　養液滴下口
　　１０４ｃ　コック
　　１０４ｄ　滴下チューブ
　１４１　　　養液供給ポンプ
　１０５　　　養液回収手段
　１５１　　　ドレンパン
　１５２　　　養液回収循環ポンプ
　１０６　　　植物の苗又は種子
　１０７　　　養液
　１０８　　　案内部材
　　１０８ａ　上端開口部
　　１０８ｂ　養液供給開口部
　１０９　　　遮蔽壁
　１１０　　　蓋体
　　　１　　　培地
　　１１　　　保水性シート
　　　１１ａ　折り曲げた保水性シート
　　　１１ｂ　傾斜部材
　　１２　　　通気性素材
　　１３　　　通気性素材
　　　２　　　外枠
　　２１　　　天板部
　　　３　　　連結部材
　　３１　　　結束バンド（連結部材）
　　３２　　　係合爪（連結部材）
　　３３　　　係合爪（連結部材）
　　　４　　　養液収容タンク
　　　５　　　養液供給手段
　　　５ａ　　養液供給パイプ
　　　５ｂ　　養液滴下口
　　　５ｃ　　コック
　　　５ｄ　　滴下チューブ
　　５１　　　養液供給ポンプ
　　５２　　　流量調整手段
　　　５２ａ　電動バルブ
　　　５２ｂ　養液供給量制御手段
　　　５２ｃ　手動バルブ
　　　６　　　養液
　　　７　　　養液回収手段
　　７１　　　ドレンパン
　　７２　　　養液回収循環ポンプ
　　　８　　　植物の苗又は種子
　　　９ａ　　吊下げパイプ
　　　９ｂ　　吊下部材
　　１０　　　固定手段
　　１４　　　水分量センサ
　　　１４ａ　水分量計
　　　１４ｂ　ドレンパン
　　　１４ｃ　保水性素材
　　１５　　　温熱ヒーター
　　１６　　　案内部材
　　　１６ａ　上端開口部
　　　１６ｂ　養液供給開口部
　　　１６ｃ　遮光壁
　　　１６ｄ　蓋体
　　　Ｗ　　　隙間 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Vertical hydroponics cylinder 111 Slit 102 Medium 121 Water retentive sheet 121a Folded water retentive sheet 121b Inclined member 122 Breathable material 123 Breathable material 103 Nutrient solution storage tank 104 Nutrient solution supply means 104a Nutrient solution supply pipe 104b Nutrient solution Dripping port 104c Cock 104d Dropping tube 141 Nutrient solution supply pump 105 Nutrient solution recovery means 151 Drain pan 152 Nutrient solution recovery circulation pump 106 Plant seedling or seed 107 Nutrient solution 108 Guide member 108a Upper end opening 108b Nutrient solution supply opening 109 Shielding wall DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 Cover body 1 Medium 11 Water retention sheet 11a Bended water retention sheet 11b Inclined member 12 Breathable material 13 Breathable material 2 Outer frame 21 Top plate part 3 Connecting member 31 Binding band ( Connecting member)
32 engaging claw (connecting member)
33 engaging claw (connecting member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 4 Nutrient solution storage tank 5 Nutrient solution supply means 5a Nutrient solution supply pipe 5b Nutrient droplet lower port 5c Cock 5d Drip tube 51 Nutrient solution supply pump 52 Flow rate adjusting means 52a Electric valve 52b Nutrient solution supply amount control means 52c Manual valve 6 Nutrient solution 7 Nutrient solution collecting means 71 Drain pan 72 Nutrient solution collecting circulation pump 8 Plant seedling or seed 9a Hanging pipe 9b Hanging member 10 Fixing means 14 Moisture amount sensor 14a Moisture meter 14b Drain pan 14c Water retention material 15 Thermal heater 16 Guide member 16a upper end opening 16b nutrient solution supply opening 16c light shielding wall 16d lid W gap

Claims (14)

  1. 　ハウスの天井に吊下げ又は床面に立設した縦型水耕栽培筒と、縦型水耕栽培筒内に抜き差し可能に収容した培地と、養液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段と、を備えた縦型水耕栽培システムであって、
    　前記縦型水耕栽培筒は、少なくともその一方向に植物の苗又は種子を植え込むための一つ以上の垂直方向のスリット又は複数の開口部を備え、
    　前記培地は、保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成され、
    　前記縦型水耕栽培筒の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備えていることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培システム。     A vertical hydroponic cultivation tube suspended on the ceiling of the house or standing on the floor, a medium accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder in a removable manner, and a nutrient that supplies nutrient solution to the medium from the nutrient solution storage tank A vertical hydroponics system comprising a liquid supply means,
    The vertical hydroponics tube comprises one or more vertical slits or a plurality of openings for planting plant seedlings or seeds in at least one direction thereof,
    The medium is composed of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof,
    A guide member having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end of the water retention sheet at the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder; Vertical hydroponics system characterized by
  2. 　請求項１記載の縦型水耕栽培システムにおいて、
    　前記案内部材は、前記縦型水耕栽培筒の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップであることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培システム。     In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 1,
    The guide member is a funnel type having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder. Vertical hydroponic cultivation system characterized by being a cap.
  3. 　請求項２記載の縦型水耕栽培システムにおいて、
    　前記キャップは、前記縦型水耕栽培筒内に収容された培地の上端部側を遮光する遮光壁を縦型水耕栽培筒のスリット又は開口部面側を塞ぐ状態で備えていることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培システム。     In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 2,
    The cap is provided with a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium stored in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder in a state of closing the slit or the opening surface side of the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder. Vertical hydroponics system.
  4. 　請求項２又は３に記載の縦型水耕栽培システムにおいて、
    　前記キャップの上端開口縁部にはキャップの上端開口部を開閉自在な蓋体を備えていることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培システム。     In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 2 or 3,
    A vertical hydroponic cultivation system characterized in that an upper end opening edge of the cap is provided with a lid that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap.
  5. 　ハウスの天井に吊下げ又は床面に立設した縦型水耕栽培筒と、縦型水耕栽培筒内に抜き差し可能に収容した培地と、養液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段とを備え、
    　前記縦型水耕栽培筒は、少なくともその一方向に植物の苗又は種子を植え込むための一つ以上の垂直方向のスリット又は複数の開口部を備え、
    　前記培地は、保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成し、
    　前記縦型水耕栽培筒の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備え、
    　前記養液供給手段から前記案内部材を介して保水性シートに養液を供給することにより、保水性シートに供給された養液で植物の苗又は種子を育成することを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培方法。     A vertical hydroponic cultivation tube suspended on the ceiling of the house or standing on the floor, a medium accommodated in the vertical hydroponic cultivation cylinder in a removable manner, and a nutrient that supplies nutrient solution to the medium from the nutrient solution storage tank Liquid supply means,
    The vertical hydroponics tube comprises one or more vertical slits or a plurality of openings for planting plant seedlings or seeds in at least one direction thereof,
    The medium is composed of a water retention sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof,
    A guide member having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder at the upper end of the water retention sheet;
    Vertical water characterized by growing plant seedlings or seeds with the nutrient solution supplied to the water retention sheet by supplying the nutrient solution to the water retention sheet from the nutrient solution supply means via the guide member Cultivation method.
  6. 　請求項５記載の縦型水耕栽培方法において、
    　前記案内部材を、前記縦型水耕栽培筒の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップとすることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培方法。     In the vertical hydroponics method according to claim 5,
    A funnel type having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end opening of the vertical hydroponics cylinder at the upper end of the water retention sheet. A vertical hydroponics method characterized in that it is made of a cap.
  7. 　保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成される縦長の培地と、保水性シートの一側縁部付近に保水性シートと通気性素材との間に植物の苗又は種を植え込むための一つ以上の隙間を開けて両通気性素材側から培地を挟み込む一対の分割型外枠と、両外枠相互間を着脱可能に連結する連結手段と、溶液収容タンクと、溶液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段とを備え、
    　前記両外枠の横断面が前記隙間部分を残して各通気性素材の外周を囲う略コの字状又は略半円状であり、
    　前記養液供給手段から保水性シートに養液を滴下させるように構成され、
    　連結された前記両外枠および前記培地で形成された縦長の柱状体の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備えていることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培システム。     A vertically long medium composed of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof, and plant seedlings or seeds between the water-retaining sheet and the breathable material in the vicinity of one side edge of the water-retaining sheet A pair of split outer frames that allow one or more gaps for implantation to sandwich the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, connection means for detachably connecting the outer frames, a solution storage tank, and a solution storage A nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution from the tank to the culture medium,
    The cross sections of the outer frames are substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion,
    It is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution supply means onto the water retention sheet,
    A nutrient solution supply opening that guides the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet to the upper end opening portion of the vertically long columnar body formed by the both outer frames and the culture medium connected to each other. A vertical hydroponic cultivation system comprising a guide member at the lower end.
  8. 　保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成される縦長の培地と、保水性シートの両側縁部付近にそれぞれ保水性シートと通気性素材との間に植物の苗又は種を植え込むための一つ以上の隙間を開けて両通気性素材側から培地を挟み込む一対の分割型外枠と、両外枠相互間を着脱可能に連結する連結手段と、溶液収容タンクと、溶液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段とを備え、
    　前記両外枠の横断面が前記隙間部分を残して各通気性素材の外周を囲う略コの字状又は略半円状であり、
    　前記養液供給手段から保水性シートに養液を滴下させるように構成され、
    　連結された前記両外枠および前記培地で形成された縦長の柱状体の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備えていることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培システム。     Plant seedlings or seeds are placed between the water-retaining sheet and the breathable material in the vicinity of both sides of the water-retaining sheet and a vertically long medium composed of the water-retaining sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof. A pair of split outer frames that allow one or more gaps for implantation to sandwich the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, connection means for detachably connecting the outer frames, a solution storage tank, and a solution storage A nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution from the tank to the culture medium,
    The cross sections of the outer frames are substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion,
    It is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution supply means onto the water retention sheet,
    A nutrient solution supply opening that guides the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet to the upper end opening portion of the vertically long columnar body formed by the both outer frames and the culture medium connected to each other. A vertical hydroponic cultivation system comprising a guide member at the lower end.
  9. 　請求項７又は８に記載の縦型水耕栽培システムにおいて、
    　前記案内部材は、前記両外枠の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップであることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培システム。     In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 7 or 8,
    The guide member is a funnel-shaped cap having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end openings of the outer frames. A vertical hydroponics system characterized by being.
  10. 　請求項７～９のいずれか１項に記載の縦型水耕栽培システムにおいて、
    　前記キャップは、前記両外枠内に収容された培地の上端部側を遮光する遮光壁を前記両外枠で囲まれていない側面部分の少なくとも一部分を塞ぐ状態で備えていることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培システム。     The vertical hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 7 to 9,
    The cap includes a light-shielding wall that shields the upper end side of the medium stored in the outer frames in a state of closing at least a part of a side surface portion not surrounded by the outer frames. Vertical hydroponics system.
  11. 　請求項９又は１０に記載の縦型水耕栽培システムにおいて、
    　前記キャップの上端開口縁部にはキャップの上端開口部を開閉自在な蓋体を備えていることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培システム。     In the vertical hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 9 or 10,
    A vertical hydroponic cultivation system characterized in that an upper end opening edge of the cap is provided with a lid that can freely open and close the upper end opening of the cap.
  12. 　保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成される縦長の培地と、保水性シートの一側縁部付近に保水性シートと通気性素材との間に植物の苗又は種を植え込むための一つ以上の隙間を開けて両通気性素材側から培地を挟み込む一対の分割型外枠と、両外枠相互間を着脱可能に連結する連結手段と、溶液収容タンクと、溶液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段とを備え、
    　前記両外枠の横断面が前記隙間部分を残して各通気性素材の外周を囲う略コの字状又は略半円状にし、
    　前記養液供給手段から保水性シートに養液を滴下させるように構成され、
    　前記連結された前記両外枠および前記培地で形成された縦長の柱状体の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備えることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培方法。     A vertically long medium composed of a water-retaining sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof, and plant seedlings or seeds between the water-retaining sheet and the breathable material in the vicinity of one side edge of the water-retaining sheet A pair of split outer frames that allow one or more gaps for implantation to sandwich the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, connection means for detachably connecting the outer frames, a solution storage tank, and a solution storage A nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution from the tank to the culture medium,
    The cross section of both outer frames is substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion,
    It is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution supply means onto the water retention sheet,
    A nutrient solution supply opening that guides the nutrient solution dripped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end portion of the vertically long columnar body formed of the connected outer frames and the medium to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet. A vertical hydroponics method comprising a guide member having a lower end portion.
  13. 　保水性シートと少なくともその両面を挟み込んだ通気性素材とで構成される縦長の培地と、保水性シートの両側縁部付近にそれぞれ保水性シートと通気性素材との間に植物の苗又は種を植え込むための一つ以上の隙間を開けて両通気性素材側から培地を挟み込む一対の分割型外枠と、両外枠相互間を着脱可能に連結する連結手段と、溶液収容タンクと、溶液収容タンクから培地に養液を供給する養液供給手段とを備え、
    　前記両外枠の横断面が前記隙間部分を残して各通気性素材の外周を囲う略コの字状又は略半円状にし、
    　前記養液供給手段から保水性シートに養液を滴下させるように構成され、
    　前記連結された前記両外枠および前記培地で形成された縦長の柱状体の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する案内部材を備えることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培方法。     Plant seedlings or seeds are placed between the water-retaining sheet and the breathable material in the vicinity of both sides of the water-retaining sheet and a vertically long medium composed of the water-retaining sheet and a breathable material sandwiching at least both sides thereof. A pair of split outer frames that allow one or more gaps for implantation to sandwich the culture medium from both sides of the breathable material, connection means for detachably connecting the outer frames, a solution storage tank, and a solution storage A nutrient solution supply means for supplying the nutrient solution from the tank to the culture medium,
    The cross section of both outer frames is substantially U-shaped or substantially semicircular surrounding the outer periphery of each breathable material leaving the gap portion,
    It is configured to drop the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution supply means onto the water retention sheet,
    A nutrient solution supply opening that guides the nutrient solution dripped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end portion of the vertically long columnar body formed of the connected outer frames and the medium to the upper end portion of the water retention sheet. A vertical hydroponics method comprising a guide member having a lower end portion.
  14. 　請求項１２又は１３に記載の縦型水耕栽培方法において、
    　前記案内部材は、前記両外枠の上端開口部に前記養液供給手段から滴下する養液を前記保水性シートの上端部に案内する養液供給開口部を下端部に有する漏斗型のキャップであることを特徴とする縦型水耕栽培方法。     In the vertical hydroponics method according to claim 12 or 13,
    The guide member is a funnel-shaped cap having a nutrient solution supply opening at the lower end for guiding the nutrient solution dropped from the nutrient solution supply means to the upper end openings of the outer frames. A vertical hydroponics method characterized by being.
PCT/JP2019/004377 2018-02-07 2019-02-07 Vertical hydroponics system and vertical hydroponics method WO2019156151A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201980022020.XA CN111918550B (en) 2018-02-07 2019-02-07 Vertical hydroponic culture system and vertical hydroponic culture method
JP2019565029A JP6707245B2 (en) 2018-02-07 2019-02-07 Vertical hydroponic cultivation system and vertical hydroponic cultivation method

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2018019908 2018-02-07
JP2018-019908 2018-02-07
JP2018216523 2018-11-19
JP2018-216523 2018-11-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019156151A1 true WO2019156151A1 (en) 2019-08-15

Family

ID=67549449

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2019/004377 WO2019156151A1 (en) 2018-02-07 2019-02-07 Vertical hydroponics system and vertical hydroponics method

Country Status (3)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6707245B2 (en)
CN (1) CN111918550B (en)
WO (1) WO2019156151A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023049277A1 (en) * 2021-09-23 2023-03-30 Freight Farms, Inc. Vertical farming watering system and methods of making and use thereof

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102272313B1 (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-07-02 농업회사법인(주)이노그린팜 Module and apparatus for vertical plant planting

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57150325A (en) * 1981-03-11 1982-09-17 Chiyoda Nosan Kk Cultivation method and apparatus
JPS61158726A (en) * 1984-12-28 1986-07-18 黒岩　卓郎 Three-dimensional hydroponioc method and floor
JPS61274630A (en) * 1985-05-29 1986-12-04 強靭繊維興業株式会社 Method and device for growing epiphyte
JPH01247023A (en) * 1988-03-28 1989-10-02 Satoshi Hosokawa Plant cultivation cylinder and plant cultivation apparatus containing said cylinder
JPH0568440A (en) * 1991-04-08 1993-03-23 Emushiki Suiko Kenkyusho:Kk Method for cultivating plant
JP2003189749A (en) * 2001-12-26 2003-07-08 Masaki Ueno Vertical type nutritious liquid cultivator
US20130067813A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2013-03-21 Nathaniel R. Storey Vertical Hydroponic Plant Production Apparatus
JP2016123404A (en) * 2014-12-26 2016-07-11 金寶生物科技股▲ふん▼有限公司 Plant cultivation device
JP2017538405A (en) * 2014-11-19 2017-12-28 ユニバーシティ オブ ワイオミング Vertical hydroponics tower array fixing system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015111487A1 (en) * 2014-01-24 2015-07-30 富士通株式会社 Hydroponic cultivation system, hydroponic cultivation method, plant cultivation method, and plant cultivation apparatus
US20160360714A1 (en) * 2014-02-28 2016-12-15 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Lt d. Hydroponic cultivation apparatus and hydroponic cultivation method using the same
US20180035624A1 (en) * 2015-02-13 2018-02-08 Itoh Denki Co., Ltd. Plant cultivation device and plant cultivation system
CA2980650A1 (en) * 2016-10-10 2018-04-10 University Of Wyoming Vertical hydroponic plant production apparatus

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57150325A (en) * 1981-03-11 1982-09-17 Chiyoda Nosan Kk Cultivation method and apparatus
JPS61158726A (en) * 1984-12-28 1986-07-18 黒岩　卓郎 Three-dimensional hydroponioc method and floor
JPS61274630A (en) * 1985-05-29 1986-12-04 強靭繊維興業株式会社 Method and device for growing epiphyte
JPH01247023A (en) * 1988-03-28 1989-10-02 Satoshi Hosokawa Plant cultivation cylinder and plant cultivation apparatus containing said cylinder
JPH0568440A (en) * 1991-04-08 1993-03-23 Emushiki Suiko Kenkyusho:Kk Method for cultivating plant
JP2003189749A (en) * 2001-12-26 2003-07-08 Masaki Ueno Vertical type nutritious liquid cultivator
US20130067813A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2013-03-21 Nathaniel R. Storey Vertical Hydroponic Plant Production Apparatus
JP2017538405A (en) * 2014-11-19 2017-12-28 ユニバーシティ オブ ワイオミング Vertical hydroponics tower array fixing system
JP2016123404A (en) * 2014-12-26 2016-07-11 金寶生物科技股▲ふん▼有限公司 Plant cultivation device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023049277A1 (en) * 2021-09-23 2023-03-30 Freight Farms, Inc. Vertical farming watering system and methods of making and use thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111918550B (en) 2021-09-10
CN111918550A (en) 2020-11-10
JPWO2019156151A1 (en) 2020-04-02
JP6707245B2 (en) 2020-06-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8495833B2 (en) Live plant box
US5193306A (en) Plant cultivation apparatus and method
US5524387A (en) Plant cultivation apparatus and method
JP3991163B2 (en) Cucumber cultivation bed
US3271900A (en) Automatic pure cultivator
WO2019156151A1 (en) Vertical hydroponics system and vertical hydroponics method
JPWO2017072952A1 (en) Hydroponic system
WO2019156150A1 (en) Vertical hydroponics system and vertical hydroponics method
JP3768489B2 (en) Plant cultivation apparatus and plant cultivation method
GB2070403A (en) Hanging plant device
JPH0342853B2 (en)
JP6463525B1 (en) Vertical hydroponics system and vertical hydroponics method
JP6753623B2 (en) Vertical hydroponic cultivation system and vertical hydroponic cultivation method
JP3060208B2 (en) Sharizu type hydroponics method and cultivation device
JP2006174829A (en) Simplified hydroponics container
JP2004208611A (en) Method for cultivating japanese yam by nutritious liquid, and apparatus for cultivating the same
JP6006182B2 (en) Water supply device for cultivation tank
JP6292693B1 (en) Vertical hydroponics system and vertical hydroponics method
JP2008131873A (en) Method of cultivating baby leaf vegetables, and cultivation tray therefor
JPH10271926A (en) Planting board for nutrient solution-culture
JPH07312986A (en) Plant growth bed and method for growing plant by using the same
JPS6228865Y2 (en)
JP6292695B1 (en) Hydroponic non-circulating vertical hydroponics system and vertical hydroponics method
JP6292697B1 (en) Vertical hydroponics system and vertical hydroponics method
JPH0937664A (en) Seedling holder for hydroponic use

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19751649

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2019565029

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19751649

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1