WO2019148630A1 - 电池模组 - Google Patents

电池模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019148630A1
WO2019148630A1 PCT/CN2018/081260 CN2018081260W WO2019148630A1 WO 2019148630 A1 WO2019148630 A1 WO 2019148630A1 CN 2018081260 W CN2018081260 W CN 2018081260W WO 2019148630 A1 WO2019148630 A1 WO 2019148630A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery module
plate
positive
negative
negative electrode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/081260
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈亮美
闵云飞
马林
王良诣
张文丛
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2019148630A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019148630A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/296—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by terminals of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/591—Covers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of energy storage devices, and in particular, to a battery module.
  • the battery module generally includes a housing and a plurality of batteries mounted in the housing.
  • the housing can fix the battery, and can include a side panel, an end panel, and an upper cover.
  • the side plates and the end plates can be first fixed together, and then the batteries are placed in the space surrounded by the side plates and the end plates, and then the upper cover and the side plates and the end plates are fixed together.
  • the battery module has a positive output stage and a negative output stage.
  • a positive mark portion and a negative electrode mark portion may be disposed on the upper cover, and when the battery module and the external device are installed According to the marking portion on the upper cover, the positive electrode connection and the negative electrode connection are respectively realized.
  • the upper cover is easily reversed with respect to the side plates and the end plates, so that the positive and negative electrodes identified by the upper cover are opposite to the actual ones. Therefore, the battery module has a large safety hazard.
  • the present application provides a battery module that is more secure.
  • the battery module provided by the application includes:
  • the pair of end plates are oppositely disposed, one of the end plates has a positive connection protrusion, and the other end plate has a negative connection protrusion;
  • the upper cover includes a body, a positive end cover and a negative end cover, and the positive end cover and the negative end cover respectively protrude from opposite sides of the body, the positive end a cover portion is located above the positive electrode connection convex portion, and the negative electrode end cover portion is located above the negative electrode connection convex portion.
  • the positive connection protrusion, the negative connection protrusion, the positive end cover, and the negative end cover are both offset from each other with respect to a central surface in a longitudinal direction of the battery module The same side of the center plane.
  • the positive connection protrusion and the negative connection protrusion are symmetrically disposed with respect to a central plane in a width direction of the battery module, and the positive end cover and the negative end cover are The center plane in the width direction of the battery module is symmetrically arranged.
  • At least one of the positive end cover and the negative end cover is a rectangular structure or a trapezoidal structure.
  • an explosion-proof valve is further included, the body has an explosion-proof hole, and the explosion-proof valve is disposed on the explosion-proof hole.
  • the explosion-proof hole is opened in a central area of the body.
  • At least one of the side plate and the bottom plate of the battery module includes a main body portion and a flange portion bent and connected to an edge of the main body portion;
  • the end plate includes an inner plate and an outer plate, the inner plate is fixedly connected to the side plate and the bottom plate, and the outer plate is located between the inner plate and the flange portion, the flange The portion is fixed to a side surface of the outer panel facing away from the inner panel.
  • an accommodating groove is disposed on an edge of the outer panel facing away from a side surface of the inner panel, and the flange portion is fixed in the accommodating groove.
  • the outer panel is provided with a transition surface facing a side edge of the inner panel, the transition surface extending along a height direction of the battery module, and the transition surface is between the surface of the inner panel A receiving cavity is formed.
  • the transition surface extends from a top of the outer panel to a bottom of the outer panel, the transition surface is planar, and the transition surface is inclined away from the inner panel.
  • a top of the inner panel is higher than a top of the outer panel, and the positive connection protrusion and the negative connection protrusion are both disposed on the inner panel, and the positive connection protrusion is located in one of the Above the outer panel of the end plate, the negative connection tab is located above the outer panel of the other of the end plates.
  • the positive connection protrusion, the negative connection protrusion, and the positive end cover and the negative end cover on the upper cover are both offset from the center surface of the battery module.
  • the positive connection convex portion and the negative electrode connection convex portion cannot correspond to the positive electrode end cover portion and the negative electrode end cover portion, respectively, and the reverse connection can not be reversed.
  • the cover is assembled with the side panels and end panels. It can be seen that the normal assembly of the battery module can be ensured only by placing the upper cover in the correct state. Therefore, the battery module provided by the present application can prevent the upper cover from being reversed, thereby avoiding the safety problem caused thereby, and making the battery module more secure.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a partial structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an upper cover in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a partial view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is another partial view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery module.
  • an XYZ rectangular coordinate system is established in FIG. 1, wherein the X direction represents the length direction of the battery module, and the Y direction represents The width direction of the battery module, and the Z direction indicates the height direction of the battery module.
  • the above battery module may include an end plate 100, a side plate 200, an upper cover 300, a bottom plate 400, and a plurality of batteries (not shown).
  • the end plate 100 and the side plate 200 are generally disposed in two.
  • the two end plates 100 are oppositely disposed along the length direction of the battery module, and the two side plates 200 are oppositely disposed along the width direction of the battery module, and the two end plates are oppositely disposed.
  • a space for accommodating the respective batteries can be formed.
  • the bottom plate 400 is simultaneously fixedly coupled to the two end plates 100 and the two side plates 200 to support the respective batteries.
  • the upper cover 300 is fixedly connected to the two end plates 100 and the two side plates 200, it is overlaid on the battery.
  • the one end plate 100 has a positive connection protrusion 130, and the other end plate has a negative connection protrusion 140.
  • the positive connection protrusion 130 can correspond to the positive electrode of the battery module
  • the negative connection protrusion 140 can correspond to the battery module. negative electrode.
  • the positive electrode connection convex portion 130 and the negative electrode connection convex portion 140 both protrude toward the outer side of the battery module.
  • the upper cover 300 may include a body 310, a positive end cover 320 and a negative end cover 330.
  • the positive end cover 320 and the negative end cover 330 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the body 310, and the two are specifically directed to the battery module. The outside of the bulge.
  • the positive electrode covering portion 320 is located above the positive electrode connecting convex portion 130, the contour lines of the two can be kept consistent, and the two can be fixed by welding; the negative electrode end covering portion 330 is located above the negative electrode connecting convex portion 140, both The contours can be consistent and can be fixed by soldering.
  • a positive marking portion 311 and a negative marking portion 312 may be disposed on the body 310 of the upper cover 300.
  • the positive electrode between the battery module and the external device is implemented according to the positive marking portion 311 and the negative marking portion 312, respectively.
  • the positive electrode is connected, and the negative electrode is connected to the negative electrode.
  • the positive electrode marking portion 311 may be a cross-shaped recessed structure
  • the negative electrode marking portion 312 may be a one-shaped recessed structure.
  • the extreme covering portions 330 are each offset on the same side of the first center surface 100a. That is, the positive electrode connection convex portion 130, the negative electrode connection convex portion 140, the positive electrode end cover portion 320, and the negative electrode end cover portion 330 are asymmetric structures with respect to the first center surface 100a mentioned herein.
  • the battery module when the battery module is assembled, if the upper cover 300 is reversed, the positive connection convex portion 130 and the negative electrode connection convex portion 140 cannot correspond to the positive electrode end cover portion 320 and the negative electrode end cover portion 330, respectively.
  • the inverted upper cover 300 is assembled with the side plates 200 and the end plates 100. It can be seen that the normal assembly of the battery module can be ensured only when the upper cover 300 is placed in the correct state. Therefore, the battery module provided by the embodiment of the present application can prevent the upper cover 300 from being reversed, thereby avoiding the safety problem caused thereby, and the safety of the battery module is higher.
  • the positive electrode connecting convex portion 130 and the negative electrode connecting convex portion 140 may be symmetrically disposed with respect to a central plane in the width direction of the battery module, and correspondingly, the positive electrode end covering portion 320 and the negative electrode end covering portion 330 are related to the width of the battery module.
  • the center plane in the direction is symmetrically arranged, and the center plane here may be referred to as a second center plane 100b.
  • the structure and position of the positive electrode connecting convex portion 130 and the negative electrode connecting convex portion 140 are kept consistent, and the structure and position of the positive electrode end covering portion 320 and the negative electrode end covering portion 330 are kept consistent, so that the processing processes of the upper cover 300 and the end plate 100 are processed. It's even simpler, and the entire battery module has lower processing costs.
  • the shape of the positive electrode end cover portion 320 and the negative electrode end cover portion 330 may be selected according to actual conditions. To simplify the processing of the upper cover 300, the embodiment of the present application will at least one of the positive electrode end cover portion 320 and the negative electrode end cover portion 330. Set to a rectangular structure or a ladder structure. When the positive electrode end cover portion 320 and the negative electrode end cover portion 330 have a rectangular structure, the opposite sides thereof are parallel; when the positive electrode end cover portion 320 and the negative electrode end cover portion 330 have a trapezoidal structure, the opposite sides thereof The sides are not parallel and their larger end is connected to the body 310.
  • the battery module may further include an explosion-proof valve (not shown), and the body 310 has an explosion-proof hole 313, and the explosion-proof valve is disposed in the explosion-proof hole 313.
  • gas may be generated due to thermal runaway or overcharge.
  • the explosion-proof valve will open under the action of air pressure, so that the gas accumulated inside the battery module Released from the explosion-proof hole 313 to prevent the battery module from exploding.
  • the explosion-proof valve herein may be an explosion-proof membrane installed at the explosion-proof hole 313, and the explosion-proof membrane will be broken after being subjected to a certain pressure, thereby releasing the gas.
  • the explosion-proof hole 313 may be opened in a central region of the upper cover 300. At this time, when the explosion-proof valve is opened, the gas in the battery module can flow uniformly to the explosion-proof hole 313 in a plurality of directions and flow out from the explosion-proof hole 313.
  • the side panel 200 and the bottom panel 400 includes a main body portion and a flange portion that is bent and connected to an edge of the main body portion.
  • the side plate 200 includes a main body portion 210 and a flange portion 220.
  • the side plate 200 is disposed in two, then the two side plates 200 are provided.
  • Each includes a main body portion 210 and a flange portion 220, and the main body portion 210 and the flange portion 220 of the two side plates 200 are oppositely disposed in the width direction of the battery module.
  • the main body portion may be provided with a flange portion at opposite ends in the longitudinal direction of the battery module to be fixed to the end plate 100 on both sides of the side panel 200.
  • the end plate 100 includes an inner plate 110 and an outer plate 120.
  • the inner plate 110 is fixedly connected to the side plate 200 and the bottom plate 400, and can be specifically realized by laser welding.
  • the outer panel 120 is located between the inner panel 110 and the aforementioned flange portion, and the flange portion is fixed to a side surface of the outer panel facing away from the inner panel 110.
  • the side panel 200 includes the main body portion and the flange portion
  • the inner panel 110 is fixedly coupled to the aforementioned main body portion 210, and the flange portions 220 of the two side panels 200 are respectively fixed to opposite sides of the outer panel 120.
  • the side plate 200 When the battery module is used, a part of the side plate 200 is fixed to the inner plate 110, and another part is bypassed by the inner plate 110 and the outer plate 120, and then fixed on a side surface of the outer plate 120 facing away from the inner plate 110. At this time, the side plate 200 and The fixed area between the outer plates 120 is large.
  • the side plates 200 can better limit the degree of expansion of the battery by the fixing between the flange portions and the end plates 100, and the side plates 200 and the end plates 100
  • the connection is not easy to cause connection failure due to the expansion force of the battery, so that the entire battery module can better resist the battery expansion force, vibration, mechanical shock, and the like. Therefore, the structural strength and reliability of the battery module are higher.
  • the inner panel 110 and the side panel 200 and the bottom panel 400 can be fixed to form a closed space, and the battery is disposed in the closed space, and the space is better sealed, thereby further ensuring reliable reliability of the battery in the space. Work.
  • the inner panel 110 is mainly used to achieve a fixed seal with the side panel 200 and the bottom panel 400, and the outer panel 120 is mainly used to realize the positioning and absorption expansion force of the battery, and thus the outer panel 120.
  • the thickness of the inner panel 110 may be greater than the thickness of the inner panel 110, and a plurality of cavities may be disposed on the outer panel 120 such that the outer panel 120 has a certain deformability to better absorb the battery expansion force.
  • a receiving groove 121 may be disposed at an edge of a surface of the outer panel 120 facing away from the inner panel 110.
  • the flange portion may be fixed in the receiving groove 121. This design allows the flange portion to take up no extra space, which in turn reduces the space occupied by the entire battery module.
  • a transition surface 122 may be disposed on a side edge of the outer panel 120 toward the inner panel 110.
  • the transition surface 122 extends along the height direction of the battery module and is opposite to the surface of the inner panel 110.
  • a receiving chamber 123 is formed. That is, the transition surface 122 is recessed toward the side away from the inner panel 110 with respect to the other portion of the outer panel 120 facing the one side surface of the inner panel 110, thereby forming the accommodating cavity 123, which can accommodate the inner panel 110.
  • the generated welding slag ensures the reliability of the welding interface, and at the same time ensures the overall structural strength of the battery module, improves the safety of the battery module, and prolongs its service life.
  • the transition surface 122 may be disposed as a plane, a circular arc surface or a stepped surface inclined in a direction away from the inner panel 110, considering that the plane is more convenient to process, and the plane may be used to make the outer panel 120 The thickness of the gradual reduction is gradually reduced, and then the problem of stress concentration at the transition surface 122 of the outer panel 120 is prevented.
  • the embodiment of the present application sets the transition surface 122 to a plane, and the transition surface 122 can be formed by a chamfering process.
  • the transition surface 122 extends from the top of the outer panel 120 to the bottom of the outer panel 120 in the height direction of the battery module.
  • the dimension of the transition surface 122 in the height direction of the battery module is maximized, and correspondingly, the size of the accommodating cavity 123 formed between the surface of the inner panel 110 and the surface of the inner panel 110 is also maximized, so that the size is accommodated.
  • the cavity 123 can accommodate more weld slag to enhance the aforementioned technical effects.
  • this structure facilitates the processing of the outer panel 120.
  • the top of the inner panel 110 may be made higher than the top of the outer panel 120. At this time, a space can be formed at the top of the outer panel 120.
  • the positive connection protrusions 130 and the negative connection protrusions 140 are respectively disposed on the inner plates 110 of the two end plates 100, and the positive connection protrusions 130 are located on the outer plate of one end plate 100. Above the 120, the negative connection protrusion 140 is located above the outer plate 120 of the other end plate 100. It is apparent that a space is formed at the top of the outer panel 120, which facilitates the connection between the positive electrode connecting convex portion 130 and the negative electrode connecting convex portion 140 and other members, thereby achieving the aforementioned object.
  • the end plate 100 includes the inner plate 110 and the outer plate 120.
  • the inner plate 110 and the outer plate 120 may be directly pressed together, or may be further fixedly connected on the basis of being pressed against each other, for example,
  • the inner panel 110 and the outer panel 120 are fixed together by fasteners, and the two may be bonded together by an adhesive or welded together by welding.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及储能器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池模组，其包括：一对端板，所述一对端板相对设置，一个所述端板具有正极连接凸部，另一个所述端板具有负极连接凸部；上盖，所述上盖包括本体、正极端覆盖部和负极端覆盖部，所述正极端覆盖部和所述负极端覆盖部分别凸出设置于所述本体的相对两侧，所述正极端覆盖部位于所述正极连接凸部的上方，所述负极端覆盖部位于所述负极连接凸部的上方，其中：相对于所述电池模组的长度方向上的中心面，所述正极连接凸部、所述负极连接凸部、所述正极端覆盖部和所述负极端覆盖部均偏置设置于所述中心面的同一侧。该电池模组的安全性更高。

Description

电池模组 技术领域
本申请涉及储能器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池模组。
背景技术
随着社会发展和环保意识的增强，越来越多的设备选择以电池作为电源，尤其是电动汽车等更是需要大容量的动力电池来提供动力。为了提升能量密度，用电设备中常常安装电池模组。
电池模组通常包括壳体以及安装于壳体内的多个电池，壳体可以对电池起固定作用，其可以包括侧板、端板和上盖。装配电池模组时，可以首先将侧板和端板固定到一起，然后将各电池放置在侧板和端板围成的空间内，接着将上盖与侧板和端板固定到一起。
上述电池模组具有正极输出级和负极输出级，为了便于实现该电池模组与外接设备之间的连接，可以在上盖上设置正极标识部和负极标识部，安装电池模组和外接设备时，根据上盖上的标识部分别实现正极连接和负极连接。然而，传统的电池模组中，上盖容易相对于侧板和端板装反，导致上盖所标识出的正极和负极与实际的情况相反。因此该电池模组存在较大的安全隐患。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池模组，该电池模组的安全性更高。
本申请提供的电池模组包括：
一对端板，所述一对端板相对设置，一个所述端板具有正极连接凸部，另一个所述端板具有负极连接凸部；
上盖，所述上盖包括本体、正极端覆盖部和负极端覆盖部，所述正极端覆盖部和所述负极端覆盖部分别凸出设置于所述本体的相对两侧，所述正极端覆盖部位于所述正极连接凸部的上方，所述负极端覆盖部位于所述 负极连接凸部的上方，
其中：相对于所述电池模组的长度方向上的中心面，所述正极连接凸部、所述负极连接凸部、所述正极端覆盖部和所述负极端覆盖部均偏置设置于所述中心面的同一侧。
可选地，所述正极连接凸部与所述负极连接凸部关于所述电池模组的宽度方向上的中心面对称设置，所述正极端覆盖部和所述负极端覆盖部关于所述电池模组的宽度方向上的中心面对称设置。
可选地，所述正极端覆盖部和所述负极端覆盖部中的至少一者为矩形结构或者梯形结构。
可选地，还包括防爆阀，所述本体上具有防爆孔，所述防爆阀设置于所述防爆孔。
可选地，所述防爆孔开设于所述本体的中心区域。
可选地，所述电池模组的侧板和底板中的至少一者包括主体部以及弯折连接于所述主体部边缘的翻边部；
所述端板包括内板和外板，所述内板与所述侧板和所述底板均固定连接，所述外板位于所述内板和所述翻边部之间，所述翻边部固定于所述外板背离所述内板的一侧表面。
可选地，所述外板背离所述内板的一侧表面的边缘设置容置槽，所述翻边部固定于所述容置槽内。
可选地，所述外板朝向所述内板的一侧边缘设置过渡面，所述过渡面沿着所述电池模组的高度方向延伸，所述过渡面与所述内板的表面之间形成容纳腔。
可选地，所述过渡面自所述外板的顶部延伸至所述外板的底部，所述过渡面为平面，且所述过渡面向远离所述内板的方向倾斜。
可选地，所述内板的顶部高于所述外板的顶部，所述正极连接凸部和所述负极连接凸部均设置于所述内板，所述正极连接凸部位于一个所述端板的所述外板的上方，所述负极连接凸部位于另一个所述端板的所述外板的上方。
本申请提供的技术方案可以达到以下有益效果：
本申请所提供的电池模组中，两个端板上的正极连接凸部、负极连接 凸部以及上盖上的正极端覆盖部和负极端覆盖部均偏置设置于电池模组的中心面的同一侧，因此装配电池模组时，如果上盖放反，那么正极连接凸部和负极连接凸部将无法分别与正极端覆盖部和负极端覆盖部对应，也就无法将放反的上盖与侧板和端板装配到一起。可见，只有将上盖以正确的状态放置，才能保证电池模组的正常装配。故，本申请提供的电池模组可以防止上盖装反，以此避免由此带来的安全问题，使得电池模组的安全性更高。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组的部分结构的爆炸图；
图2为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中，上盖的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组的局部视图；
图4为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组的另一局部视图。
附图标记：
100-端板；
110-内板；
120-外板；
121-容置槽；
122-过渡面；
123-容纳腔；
130-正极连接凸部；
140-负极连接凸部；
200-侧板；
210-主体部；
220-翻边部；
300-上盖；
310-本体；
311-正极标识部；
312-负极标识部；
313-防爆孔；
320-正极端覆盖部；
330-负极端覆盖部；
400-底板；
100a-第一中心面；
100b-第二中心面。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例并结合附图对本申请做进一步的详细描述。
如图1和图2所示，本申请实施例提供了一种电池模组，为了便于描述，在图1中建立XYZ直角坐标系，其中，X方向表示电池模组的长度方向，Y方向表示电池模组的宽度方向，Z方向表示电池模组的高度方向。
上述电池模组可以包括端板100、侧板200、上盖300、底板400和多个电池(图中未示出)。具体地，端板100和侧板200通常设置为两个，两个端板100沿电池模组的长度方向相对设置，两个侧板200沿电池模组的宽度方向相对设置，两个端板100和两个侧板200固定连接后即可形成容纳各个电池的空间。底板400同时与两个端板100和两个侧板200固定连接，以支撑各个电池。上盖300与两个端板100和两个侧板200固定连接后，便覆盖在电池的上方。
上述的一个端板100具有正极连接凸部130，另一个端板具有负极连接凸部140，这里的正极连接凸部130可以对应电池模组的正极，负极连接凸部140可以对应电池模组的负极。正极连接凸部130和负极连接凸部140均向电池模组的外侧凸出。
上盖300可以包括本体310、正极端覆盖部320和负极端覆盖部330，正极端覆盖部320和负极端覆盖部330分别凸出设置于本体310的相对两侧，两者具体向电池模组的外侧凸出。正极端覆盖部320位于正极连接凸部130的上方，两者的轮廓线可以保持一致，且可以通过焊接的方式将两 者固定；负极端覆盖部330位于负极连接凸部140的上方，两者的轮廓线可以保持一致，且可以通过焊接的方式将两者固定。
上盖300的本体310上可以设置正极标识部311和负极标识部312，安装电池模组和外接设备时，根据正极标识部311和负极标识部312分别实现电池模组和外接设备之间正极与正极连接、负极与负极连接。这里的正极标识部311可以是十字型凹陷结构，负极标识部312可以是一字型凹陷结构。
为了防止上盖300出现装反的问题，相对于电池模组的长度方向上的中心面，即第一中心面100a，正极连接凸部130、负极连接凸部140、正极端覆盖部320和负极端覆盖部330均偏置设置于该第一中心面100a的同一侧。也就是说，正极连接凸部130、负极连接凸部140、正极端覆盖部320和负极端覆盖部330关于这里提到的第一中心面100a是非对称结构。
采用上述结构后，装配电池模组时，如果上盖300放反，那么正极连接凸部130和负极连接凸部140将无法分别与正极端覆盖部320和负极端覆盖部330对应，也就无法将放反的上盖300与侧板200和端板100装配到一起。可见，只有将上盖300以正确的状态放置，才能保证电池模组的正常装配。故，本申请实施例提供的电池模组可以防止上盖300装反，以此避免由此带来的安全问题，使得电池模组的安全性更高。
进一步地，正极连接凸部130与负极连接凸部140可以关于电池模组的宽度方向上的中心面对称设置，对应地，正极端覆盖部320和负极端覆盖部330关于电池模组的宽度方向上的中心面对称设置，这里的中心面可以称为第二中心面100b。此时，正极连接凸部130与负极连接凸部140的结构和位置保持一致，正极端覆盖部320和负极端覆盖部330的结构和位置保持一致，使得上盖300和端板100的加工工艺更加简单，整个电池模组的加工成本更低。
上述正极端覆盖部320和负极端覆盖部330的形状可以根据实际情况选择，为了简化上盖300的加工工艺，本申请实施例将正极端覆盖部320和负极端覆盖部330中的至少一者设置为矩形结构或者梯形结构。当正极端覆盖部320和负极端覆盖部330为矩形结构时，其相对的两个侧边相平 行；当正极端覆盖部320和负极端覆盖部330为梯形结构时，其相对的两个侧边不平行，且其较大的一端与本体310连接。
一种可选的实施例中，上述电池模组还可以包括防爆阀(图中未示出)，本体310上具有防爆孔313，该防爆阀设置于此防爆孔313内。电池模组工作时，有可能会因为热失控或者过充等情况而产生气体，当电池模组内部的气压达到一定程度时，防爆阀将在气压作用下打开，使得电池模组内部集聚的气体从防爆孔313处释放，进而防止电池模组发生爆炸。具体地，这里的防爆阀可以是安装于防爆孔313处的防爆膜，该防爆膜受到一定的压力作用后将发生破裂，进而释放气体。
为了更均匀地释放气体，可以将上述防爆孔313开设于上盖300的中心区域。此时，当防爆阀打开时，电池模组内的气体可以在多个方向上均匀地流动至防爆孔313处，并从防爆孔313中流出。
如图1-4所示，本申请实施例中，侧板200和底板400中的至少一者包括主体部以及弯折连接于该主体部边缘的翻边部。如图3所示，以侧板200包括主体部和翻边部为例，侧板200包括主体部210和翻边部220，具体地，侧板200设置为两个，那么两个侧板200均包括主体部210和翻边部220，且两个侧板200的主体部210和翻边部220均在电池模组的宽度方向上相对设置。另外，对于单个侧板200来说，其主体部在电池模组的长度方向上相对的两端均可以设置翻边部，以与该侧板200两侧的端板100固定。
端板100包括内板110和外板120，内板110与侧板200和底板400均固定连接，具体可以采用激光焊接的方式实现。外板120位于内板110和前述翻边部之间，且翻边部固定于外板背离内板110的一侧表面。具体地，当侧板200包括主体部和翻边部时，内板110与前述的主体部210固定连接，两个侧板200的翻边部220分别与外板120的相对两侧固定。
采用上述电池模组时，侧板200的一部分与内板110固定，另一部分绕过内板110和外板120后固定在外板120背离内板110的一侧表面，此时，侧板200与外板120之间的固定面积较大，当电池膨胀时，侧板200可以通过翻边部与端板100之间的固定更好地限制电池的膨胀程度，并且侧板200和端板100的连接处不容易因电池膨胀力而出现连接失效的问 题，使得整个电池模组可以更好地抵抗电池膨胀力、振动、机械冲击等。因此，电池模组的结构强度和可靠性更高。
另外，内板110与侧板200和底板400固定后可以形成封闭的空间，电池设置于该封闭的空间中，此空间的密封性更好，进而更好地保证该空间内的电池等部分可靠地工作。
由上述内容可知，相比较而言，内板110主要用于实现与侧板200和底板400之间的固定密封，而外板120主要用于实现电池的定位和吸收膨胀力，因此外板120的厚度可以大于内板110的厚度，且外板120上可以设置多个空腔，使得外板120具有一定的变形能力，以更好地吸收电池膨胀力。
进一步的实施例中，如图4所示，可以在外板120背离内板110的一侧表面的边缘设置容置槽121，前述翻边部可以固定于该容置槽121内。如此设计可以使得翻边部不占用额外的空间，继而减小整个电池模组占用的空间。
一种可选的实施例中，外板120朝向内板110的一侧边缘可以设置过渡面122，该过渡面122沿着电池模组的高度方向延伸，且其与内板110的表面之间形成容纳腔123。也就是说，过渡面122相对于外板120朝向内板110的一侧表面的其他部分向远离内板110的一侧凹陷，进而形成容纳腔123，该容纳腔123可以容纳焊接内板110时所产生的焊渣，以保证焊接界面的可靠性，同时保证电池模组的整体结构强度，提高电池模组的安全性，延长其使用寿命。
为了使过渡面122具有上述结构特点，可以将过渡面122设置为向远离内板110的方向倾斜的平面、圆弧面或者阶梯面，考虑到平面更便于加工，且采用平面可以使得外板120的厚度逐渐减小，继而防止外板120在过渡面122处出现应力集中等问题，本申请实施例将过渡面122设置为平面，此过渡面122可以通过倒角工艺形成。
一种可选的实施例中，在电池模组的高度方向上，过渡面122自外板120的顶部延伸至外板120的底部。此结构下，过渡面122在电池模组的高度方向的尺寸被最大化，对应地，其与内板110的表面之间形成的容纳腔123在此方向上的尺寸也被最大化，使得容纳腔123能够容纳更多的焊 渣，以强化前述的技术效果。同时，此结构更便于外板120的加工。
进一步地，为了简化电池模组的装配，可以使内板110的顶部高于外板120的顶部。此时，即可以在外板120的顶部形成空间。一种实施例下，如图1所示，正极连接凸部130和负极连接凸部140分别设置于两个端板100的内板110上，正极连接凸部130位于一个端板100的外板120的上方，负极连接凸部140位于另一个端板100的外板120的上方。显然，在外板120的顶部形成空间，可以便于正极连接凸部130和负极连接凸部140与其他部件之间的连接，进而实现前述的目的。
本申请实施例中，端板100包括前述的内板110和外板120，内板110和外板120可以直接压紧在一起，也可以在彼此压紧的基础上再进一步固定连接，例如可以通过紧固件将内板110和外板120固定到一起，也可以采用粘接胶将两者粘接到一起，或者采用焊接的方式将两者焊接到一起。考虑到采用粘接和焊接的方式更便于将内板110和外板120固定，因此本申请实施例优选内板110与外板120粘接，或者内板110与外板120焊接。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池模组，其特征在于，包括：
    一对端板，所述一对端板相对设置，一个所述端板具有正极连接凸部，另一个所述端板具有负极连接凸部；
    上盖，所述上盖包括本体、正极端覆盖部和负极端覆盖部，所述正极端覆盖部和所述负极端覆盖部分别凸出设置于所述本体的相对两侧，所述正极端覆盖部位于所述正极连接凸部的上方，所述负极端覆盖部位于所述负极连接凸部的上方，
    其中：相对于所述电池模组的长度方向上的中心面，所述正极连接凸部、所述负极连接凸部、所述正极端覆盖部和所述负极端覆盖部均偏置设置于所述中心面的同一侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述正极连接凸部与所述负极连接凸部关于所述电池模组的宽度方向上的中心面对称设置，所述正极端覆盖部和所述负极端覆盖部关于所述电池模组的宽度方向上的中心面对称设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述正极端覆盖部和所述负极端覆盖部中的至少一者为矩形结构或者梯形结构。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，还包括防爆阀，所述本体上具有防爆孔，所述防爆阀设置于所述防爆孔。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述防爆孔开设于所述本体的中心区域。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池模组的侧板和底板中的至少一者包括主体部以及弯折连接于所述主体部边缘的翻边部；
    所述端板包括内板和外板，所述内板与所述侧板和所述底板均固定连接，所述外板位于所述内板和所述翻边部之间，所述翻边部固定于所述外板背离所述内板的一侧表面。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述外板背离所述内板的一侧表面的边缘设置容置槽，所述翻边部固定于所述容置槽内。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述外板朝向所述内板的一侧边缘设置过渡面，所述过渡面沿着所述电池模组的高度方向延伸，所述过渡面与所述内板的表面之间形成容纳腔。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述过渡面自所述外板的顶部延伸至所述外板的底部，所述过渡面为平面，且所述过渡面向远离所述内板的方向倾斜。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述内板的顶部高于所述外板的顶部，所述正极连接凸部和所述负极连接凸部均设置于所述内板，所述正极连接凸部位于一个所述端板的所述外板的上方，所述负极连接凸部位于另一个所述端板的所述外板的上方。
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CN114069143A (zh) * 2021-11-19 2022-02-18 重庆仟和镁业科技有限公司 一种中大型车用镁合金电池箱及其制造方法
CN114069143B (zh) * 2021-11-19 2024-02-09 重庆仟和镁业科技有限公司 一种中大型车用镁合金电池箱及其制造方法

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