WO2019128640A1 - 复合端板以及电池模组 - Google Patents

复合端板以及电池模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019128640A1
WO2019128640A1 PCT/CN2018/119126 CN2018119126W WO2019128640A1 WO 2019128640 A1 WO2019128640 A1 WO 2019128640A1 CN 2018119126 W CN2018119126 W CN 2018119126W WO 2019128640 A1 WO2019128640 A1 WO 2019128640A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rigid
adapter
plate
composite end
end plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/119126
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邹宇
曹根
姚己华
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2019128640A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019128640A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/227—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/229—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a composite end plate and a battery module.
  • the power battery is also called a secondary battery and is a rechargeable battery. Power batteries are widely used. Low-capacity power batteries can be used in small electric vehicles, and high-capacity power batteries can be used in large electric vehicles such as hybrid or electric vehicles. When power batteries are used in groups, it is necessary to use a bus bar to connect each power battery in series or in parallel. Usually, the bus bar is soldered to the positive and negative terminals of the power battery.
  • Each power battery includes a plurality of battery modules. Each battery module includes a plurality of unit cells and end plates and side plates for fixing a plurality of unit cells. The end plates and side plates are placed around all of the cells.
  • the end plate is a unitary structure. Both the end plate and the side plates are made of aluminum. The end plate and the side plate are fixedly mounted by welding. As the capacity of the battery module continues to increase, the single battery will expand itself in some cases, thereby applying an expansion force to the end plate and the side plate, which causes the end plate and the side plate to be easily deformed and displaced, thereby causing the side. The weld between the plate and the end plate fails. Therefore, the conventional battery module has a problem of low structural strength.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a composite end plate and a battery module.
  • the composite end plate When the composite end plate is applied to the battery module, it can be firmly connected with the side plate, effectively counteracting the expansion deformation force of the single battery, preventing the overall size of the battery module from becoming large, and improving the safe and reliable use of the battery module.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a composite end plate for a battery module.
  • the composite end plate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other in a thickness direction thereof, and the first surface can face the battery module.
  • the body battery is provided, the composite end plate comprises: a rigid substrate and a rigid adapter plate which are stacked in the thickness direction; the rigid substrate comprises two end portions opposite to each other in the width direction of the composite end plate and is disposed between the two end portions The intermediate fixing portion; the rigid adapter plate includes two adapter portions opposed in the width direction and a receiving portion disposed between the two adapter portions, the housing portion having an opening toward the first surface, the rigid substrate and the adapter portion The material of the adapter is exposed to the second surface and is fixed for connection with the outer structural member; wherein at least a portion of the intermediate fixing portion is received in the receiving portion, and the rigid substrate is fixed to the rigid adapter plate through the intermediate fixing portion.
  • the composite end plate of the embodiment of the present application comprises a rigid substrate and a rigid adapter plate which are arranged in a stack.
  • the rigid adapter plate is fixed to the rigid substrate.
  • the rigid adapter plate includes an adapter.
  • the surface of the adapter exposed to one side of the second surface of the composite end plate is for attachment to the side panel.
  • the rigid adapter plate realizes the transfer of the rigid substrate and the external structural member.
  • the overall weight of the module is light; on the other hand, the rigid substrate can be processed by a material with high rigidity to ensure that the rigid substrate is not easily deformed by force.
  • the adapter portion and the side plates of the rigid adapter plate can be made of the same material and can be connected to each other by soldering. In this way, the adapter portion and the side plate of the rigid adapter plate can be connected and fixed by welding, and the weld seam formed by the two has high strength and strong tensile strength, so that the composite end plate can withstand larger expansion deformation of the single battery. Force to improve the structural reliability of the battery module as a whole.
  • a battery module in another aspect, includes: a plurality of single cells, a plurality of single cells are arranged side by side; a fixing frame is sleeved on the outer circumference of all the single cells, and the fixed frame includes two The composite end plate and the two side plates are arranged as described above, and the composite end plate and the side plate are alternately arranged around the plurality of single cells, and the side plate and the adapter portion of the rigid connecting plate are made of the same material and are connected and fixed to the adapter portion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of a portion A in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view of a composite end plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic overall structural view of a composite end plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional structural view of a composite end plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of B in Figure 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic top plan view of a composite end plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of a portion C in Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional structural view of a rigid adapter plate according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a metal embedded component according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • X width direction
  • Y thickness direction
  • Z height direction
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows the overall structure of a battery module of an embodiment.
  • Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of a portion A in Figure 1.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows an exploded structure of a composite end plate 1 of an embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows the overall structure of a composite end plate 1 of an embodiment.
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a cross-sectional structure of a composite end plate 1 of an embodiment.
  • Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of B in Figure 5.
  • Fig. 7 schematically shows a top view of the composite end plate 1 of an embodiment.
  • Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of the portion C in Figure 7.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a rigid adapter plate 12.
  • Fig. 10 schematically shows the overall structure of an embodiment of the metal embedded member 122.
  • the composite end plate 1 of the embodiment of the present application is used for a battery module.
  • the battery module of this embodiment includes a plurality of single cells 2 arranged in one direction, two composite end plates 1 of the present embodiment, and two side plates 3.
  • a plurality of unit cells 2 form an assembly.
  • the two composite end plates 1 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the assembly along the arrangement direction of the unit cells 2.
  • the two side plates 3 are respectively disposed at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the unit cells 2 are arranged, and are respectively connected to the two composite end plates 1.
  • the two composite end plates 1 and the two side plates 3 together form a fixed frame for the fixed assembly.
  • a plurality of holes may be provided in the side plate 3 to reduce the weight thereof and to facilitate the heat dissipation of the unit cells 2.
  • the composite end plate 1 of the present embodiment has a predetermined width, thickness and height, and the size can be flexibly selected according to actual needs.
  • the composite end plate 1 has a first surface 1a and a second surface 1b which are opposed in the thickness direction Y of the self.
  • a plurality of unit cells 2 are arranged side by side in the thickness direction Y of the composite end plate 1.
  • the first surface 1a of the composite end plate 1 can be disposed facing the unit cell 2, and generally the first surface 1a is flat to be attached to the entire surface of the unit cell 2 of the square structure. In order to avoid squeezing the housing of the unit cell 2.
  • the second surface 1b of the composite end plate 1 faces away from the unit cell 2 toward the external environment.
  • the composite end plate 1 of the embodiment of the present application includes a rigid substrate 11.
  • the rigid substrate 11 of the present embodiment includes two end portions 11a opposed in the width direction X of the composite end plate 1, and an intermediate fixing portion 11b provided between the both end portions 11a. Both end portions 11a have screw mounting holes 111 extending along the height direction Z of the composite end plate 1, and the rigid substrate 11 is easily connected and fixed to the external structural member through the mounting holes 111, thereby connecting the battery module. It is fixedly connected to the external structural member.
  • the external structural member of the embodiment may be a battery case for accommodating the battery module.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of through holes 112 extending in the height direction Z of the composite end plate 1.
  • the rigid substrate 11 includes a top surface and a bottom surface opposite in the height direction Z. Each of the through holes 112 penetrates the top surface and the bottom surface of the rigid substrate 11.
  • the rigid substrate 11 having the through holes 112 is light in weight, thereby reducing the weight of the composite end plate 1 as a whole, and is advantageous for improving the overall weight reduction of the battery module; on the other hand, the rigid substrate 11 having the through holes 112
  • the self-stiffness is good, the self-resistance is enhanced, and the greater stress can be carried without deformation.
  • the through-hole 112 of the rigid substrate 11 can serve as a heat dissipation channel, and the single-cell battery 2 adjacent to the rigid substrate 11 can be Auxiliary heat dissipation is performed to lower the temperature of the unit cell 2.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the through hole 112 is circular, rectangular or triangular.
  • the composite end plate 1 of the present embodiment further includes a rigid adapter plate 12.
  • the rigid substrate 11 and the rigid adapter plate 12 are stacked in the thickness direction Y.
  • the rigid substrate 11 is disposed between the rigid adapter plate 12 and the unit cell 2, and is disposed adjacent to the unit cell 2.
  • the rigid adapter plate 12 of the present embodiment includes two adapter portions 12a opposed in the width direction X and a housing portion 12b provided between the two adapter portions 12a.
  • the adapter portion 12a extends in the height direction Z of the composite end plate 1.
  • the accommodating portion 12b is recessed from the surface of the rigid adapter plate 12 facing away from the second surface 1b toward the second surface 1b.
  • the housing portion 12b has an opening toward the first surface 1a.
  • At least a portion of the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 of the present embodiment is housed in the accommodating portion 12b, and the intermediate fixing portion 11b is fixedly coupled to the rigid adapter plate 12.
  • the end portion 11a of the rigid substrate 11 can be in contact with a portion of the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12 facing the first surface 1a, so that the end portion 11a provides a limit support to the adapter portion 12a.
  • the portion of the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12 of the present embodiment that is exposed on the side of the second surface 1b is for connection and fixation with the side plate 3.
  • the portion of the adapter portion 12a exposed to the side of the second surface 1b and the side plate 3 can be brought into contact with each other.
  • one side plate 3 is fixedly connected to the adapter portion 12a of one rigid adapter plate 12, and the other side plate 3 is fixedly connected to the other adapter portion 12a.
  • the side plates 3 are connected and fixed to the entire composite end plate 1 by the rigid adapter plate 12.
  • the two adapter portions 12a included in the rigid adapter plate 12 of the present embodiment are symmetrically disposed with respect to the central axis 120 of the rigid adapter plate 12.
  • the central axis 120 extends in the height direction Z.
  • the composite end plate 1 as a whole can be in a state of stress balance, and the composite end plate 1 is prevented from being subjected to the tensile stress of the side plate 3, and the composite end plate 1 is in the width direction.
  • One side of the X produces a rotational moment greater than the rotational moment generated by the other side, such that the composite end plate 1 integrally rotates about the central axis 120, improving the overall positional stability of the composite end plate 1.
  • the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12 of the present embodiment is different from the material of the rigid substrate 11.
  • the rigid substrate 11 and the adapter portion 12a are made of a metal material; or the rigid substrate 11 is made of a non-metal material, and the adapter portion 12a is made of a metal material.
  • the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12 is made of the same material as the side plate 3. The free ends of the two side plates 3 can be folded over to the second surface 1b side of the composite end plate 1 and welded to the portion of the rigid adapter plate 12 where the adapter portion 12a is exposed on the side of the second surface 1b.
  • the expansion deformation force can stretch the side plate 3, so that the side plate 3 is mainly subjected to tensile stress.
  • the side plates 3 can simultaneously tighten the plurality of unit cells 2 through the composite end plate 1 to offset the expansion deformation force generated when the unit cells 2 expand. .
  • the adapter portion 12a of the side panel 3 and the rigid adapter plate 12 are made of steel, so that the two can be connected and fixed by welding, and the connection mode is simple and easy to operate.
  • the side plate 3 of the battery module is made of steel, since the steel material itself has a large yield strength, when the expansion force of the unit cell 2 acts on the side plate 3, the stress generated on the side plate 3 is smaller than the yield strength of the steel material, thereby being effective. It is ensured that the side panel 3 does not cause a large tensile deformation.
  • the battery module structure using the steel side plate 3 can effectively prevent the deformation of the battery module, thereby ensuring that the length of the battery module itself meets the design requirements.
  • the adapter portion 12a of the side plate 3 and the rigid adapter plate 12 are both stainless steel, and have high connection strength and good corrosion resistance.
  • the steel plate side plate 3 and the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12 are welded to each other to form a welded portion having a high joint strength.
  • the joint portion 12a of the side plate 3 and the rigid adapter plate 12 forms a weld joint with high strength, which improves the tensile stress resistance of the weld, so that the composite end plate 1 can withstand a larger expansion deformation force of the unit cell 2,
  • the expansion deformation force generated when the single cell 2 is expanded and deformed is prevented from being easily pulled apart, the structural reliability of the entire battery module is improved, and the outer shape of the battery module is effectively prevented from being expanded and deformed by the single cell 2 A change has occurred.
  • the side plate 3 and the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12 can also be other metal materials that meet the connection strength requirements.
  • the material of the rigid substrate 11 is more flexible.
  • the material of the rigid substrate 11 may be a material having a lower density, provided that the connection rigidity between the side plate 3 of the same metal material and the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12 is satisfactory.
  • the material of the rigid substrate 11 may be engineering plastics, glass steel or carbon fiber, etc., so that the overall weight of the composite end plate 1 can be reduced, and the weight of the battery module can be improved.
  • the material of the rigid substrate 11 may also be aluminum or aluminum alloy, so that the rigid substrate 11 itself has high rigidity, and it is also convenient to process and manufacture the rigid substrate 11 by extrusion molding and machining.
  • the material of the rigid substrate 11 is aluminum
  • the material of the adapter portion 12a of the side plate 3 and the rigid adapter plate 12 is steel.
  • the rigid substrate 11 has good rigidity, but also can carry greater stress without occurrence.
  • the deformation, and the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12 and the side plate 3 have high welding strength, can carry greater stress without separation, thereby ensuring the connection strength of the composite end plate 1 and the side plate 3.
  • the rigid substrate 11 of the present embodiment and the rigid adapter plate 12 are detachably connected, and the rigid substrate 11 and the rigid adapter plate 12 are separately processed and manufactured separately, and then assembled, and the rigid adapter plate 12 is also easily replaced or maintained.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 is interference-fitted with the receiving portion 12b provided on the rigid adapter plate 12.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 is gradually pushed to a predetermined position in the accommodating portion 12b, thereby achieving connection and fixation therebetween.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid board 11 cannot move relative to the rigid adapter plate 12.
  • the rigid adapter plate 12 and the rigid substrate 11 are easy to assemble, require less assembly steps, and can improve assembly work efficiency.
  • the thickness of the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 is the same as the depth of the accommodating portion 12b, so that it can be completely sunk into the accommodating portion 12b.
  • the accommodating portion 12b penetrates the rigid adapter plate 12 in the width direction X, so that the accommodating portion 12b is a through groove in the width direction X and two openings are formed in the width direction X.
  • the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12 is disposed close to the opening, and the adapter portion 12a is closer to the second surface 1b with respect to the opening.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 is shaped to match the receiving portion 12b and can be snapped into the housing portion 12b.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 is slightly larger in size than the receiving portion 12b, so that the intermediate fixing portion 11b can be interference-fitted with the receiving portion 12b to connect the rigid substrate 11 and the rigid adapter plate 12 fixed.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 cannot move in the height direction Z.
  • a region corresponding to the intermediate fixing portion 11b on the top surface of the rigid substrate 11 is recessed toward the bottom surface of the rigid substrate 11 to form a concave portion.
  • the rigid substrate 11 cannot move relative to the rigid adapter plate 12, and the connection stability between the rigid substrate 11 and the rigid adapter plate 12 is improved, and both are avoided. At least one of them is misaligned by an external force, affecting the overall stability of the composite end plate 1.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 and the rigid adapter plate 12 are fixedly connected by fasteners (not shown). After the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 is inserted into the accommodating portion 12b of the rigid adapter plate 12, the rigid adapter plate 12 and the rigid substrate 11 are connected by fasteners to improve the connection between the rigid adapter plate 12 and the rigid substrate 11. strength.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b includes two reference faces that are opposite in the height direction Z.
  • the fastener includes a snap-fit buckle and a card slot.
  • the buckle is provided on the two reference faces of the intermediate fixing portion 11b and has elasticity.
  • the card slot is disposed on the surface of the rigid adapter plate 12 that forms the receiving portion 12b and communicates with the receiving portion 12b.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 is provided with a threaded hole extending in the thickness direction Y.
  • the rigid adapter plate 12 is provided with a through hole extending in the thickness direction Y. After the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 and the receiving portion 12b of the rigid adapter plate 12 are engaged, the screw holes are aligned with the through holes. The screw of the screw passes through the through hole in the rigid adapter plate 12 and is screwed to the threaded hole of the intermediate fixing portion 11b to complete the locking. Further, the through hole is a stepped hole, so that the nut of the screw can sink into the rigid adapter plate 12, preventing at least a portion of the nut from protruding to interfere with other components.
  • the surface of the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 of the present embodiment facing away from the first surface 1a has a predetermined distance from the surface of the rigid adapter plate 12 which forms the bottom of the accommodating portion 12b.
  • a buffer gap 98 When the unit cell 2 is inflated and deformed, the expansion deformation force causes the rigid substrate 11 to be deformed toward the rigid connecting plate 12 to a certain extent.
  • the buffer gap 98 can absorb the amount of deformation of the rigid substrate 11 and prevent the outer dimensions of the battery module from being changed due to the deformation of the rigid substrate 11.
  • the surface of the rigid adapter plate 12 that forms the bottom of the receiving portion 12b is the surface of the rigid adapter plate 12 that faces away from the second surface 1b.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 of the composite end plate 1 is bonded to the rigid adapter plate by an adhesive member 99.
  • the bonding member 99 is disposed in the buffer gap 98.
  • the bonding member 99 is an adhesive.
  • the adhesive is applied to the surface of the rigid fixing substrate 11 toward the outer surface of the rigid adapter plate 12 and/or the bottom portion of the receiving portion 12b, and then the intermediate fixing portion 11b is inserted into the housing portion 12b. After the aging treatment, the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 and the rigid adapter plate 12 can be firmly bonded to each other. Further, the solidified adhesive gel completely fills the buffer gap 98, and may partially fill the buffer gap 98.
  • the cured adhesive has elasticity to avoid weakening the cushioning performance of the buffer gap 98.
  • the bonding member 99 may be a double-sided tape, and the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 may be bonded to the rigid adapter plate 12 as well.
  • the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 has a recessed area.
  • the recessed region is recessed toward the first surface 1a by the surface of the intermediate fixing portion 11b on the side of the second surface 1b.
  • the end portion 11a of the rigid substrate 11 of the present embodiment has a limiting surface 114.
  • the limiting surface 114 is formed by a surface of the end portion 11a facing away from the side of the first surface 1a.
  • the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12 has a positioning surface 12c.
  • the positioning surface 12c is formed by a surface of the adapter portion 12a facing away from the first surface 1a side.
  • the adapter portion 12a can position the rigid substrate 11 so that the rigid substrate 11 is accurately inserted into a predetermined position in the accommodating portion 12b, improving assembly efficiency and connection stability of the rigid substrate 11 and the rigid adapter plate 12.
  • the limiting surface 114 provided on the end portion 11a is a flat surface.
  • the limiting surface 114 is simultaneously extended in the width direction X and the thickness direction Y to form an oblique plane intersecting the second surface 1b.
  • the positioning surface 12c provided on the adapter portion 12a is also a flat surface. Both the limiting surface 114 and the positioning surface 12c extend simultaneously in the width direction X and the thickness direction Y to form an oblique plane intersecting the second surface 1b.
  • the rigid substrate 11 is simultaneously positioned in the width direction X and the thickness direction Y with respect to the rigid adapter plate 12.
  • the end portion 11a of the present embodiment includes a support plane 113 on the side of the second surface 1b.
  • the surface of the adapter portion 12a facing away from the first surface 1a is for connection with the outer structural member and is flush with the support plane 113.
  • the side plate 3 when one end of the side plate 3 is fixedly connected to the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12, the side plate 3 can simultaneously contact the support plane 113 and the surface of the adapter portion 12a facing away from the first surface 1a to avoid the adapter portion. 12a pushes up the side panel 3 to cause a gap between the side panel 3 and the support plane 113, thereby increasing the stress area of the side panel 3 and the rigid substrate 11, so that the composite end panel 1 is more evenly stressed.
  • the rigid adapter plate 12 is entirely of steel. A part of the rigid adapter plate 12 forms the adapter portion 12a. Manufactured by die casting or machining. Thus, the adapter portion 12a included in the rigid adapter plate 12 has a high overall rigidity and a strong deformation resistance.
  • the rigid adapter plate 12 includes a body 121 and a metal embedded member 122 that is embedded in the body 121.
  • the accommodating portion 12b is disposed on the body 121 such that the intermediate fixing portion 11b of the rigid substrate 11 can be inserted into the accommodating portion 12b and connected and fixed to the body 121.
  • the metal embedded member 122 includes two free ends 122a that are opposite in the width direction X. The free end 122a extends out of the body to form the adapter portion 12a.
  • the material of the body 121 of the rigid adapter plate 12 is different from the material of the metal embedded member 122.
  • the body 121 of the rigid adapter plate 12 is made of plastic.
  • the material of the metal embedded member 122 is steel and has a plate-like structure.
  • the body 121 of the rigid adapter plate 12 and the metal embedded member 122 are connected and fixed by injection molding, and the connection strength between the two is high.
  • the body 121 is manufactured by using plastic processing, which is advantageous in reducing the overall weight of the composite end plate 1, and the weight reduction of the composite end plate 1 can be achieved.
  • the body 121 of the rigid adapter plate 12 is made of aluminum.
  • the material of the metal embedded member 122 is steel and has a plate-like structure. Both are constructed as a complete rigid adapter plate 12 by die casting.
  • the remaining portion of the metal embedded member 122 is pre-embedded into the body 121 except that the two free ends 122a of the metal embedded member 122 are exposed to the body 121. Further, a portion of the body 121 extends to the side of the free end 122a facing away from the second surface 1b, and is capable of providing a support for the free end 122a in the thickness direction Y by the contact of the free end 122a.
  • the body 121 in the height direction Z, is provided with a lightening hole on a region on both sides of the housing portion 12b.
  • the lightening hole is recessed from the surface of the body 121 on the side of the first surface 1a toward the second surface 1b.
  • the metal embedded member 122 further includes an intermediate section 122b between the two free ends 122a.
  • the intermediate section 122b is entirely embedded in the body 121.
  • a plurality of connection reinforcing holes 122c are provided in the intermediate section 122b.
  • the rigid adapter plate 12 of the embodiment of the present application includes a top and a bottom opposite in the height direction of the composite end plate.
  • the receiving portion 12b is disposed between the top and the bottom.
  • the rigid adapter plate 12 also includes a mounting portion 123 that is disposed on the top.
  • the mounting portion 123 is for mounting and fixing an external component to connect the external component to the composite end plate 1.
  • the mounting portion 123 is a hole-like structure.
  • a nut can be attached to the mounting portion 123.
  • the output pole of the battery module can be fixed to the nut by screws.
  • the composite end plate of the embodiment of the present application includes a rigid substrate 11 and a rigid adapter plate 12 which are stacked.
  • the rigid adapter plate 12 is fixedly connected to the rigid substrate 11.
  • the rigid adapter plate 12 includes an adapter portion 12a.
  • the surface of the adapter portion 12a exposed to the second surface 1b side of the composite end plate 1 is used for connection and fixing to the side plate 3.
  • the rigid adapter plate 12 realizes the transfer of the rigid substrate 11 and the external structural member.
  • the rigid substrate 11 can be processed by a material having high rigidity, and the rigid substrate 11 is prevented from being deformed by force.
  • the adapter portion 12a and the side panel 3 of the rigid adapter plate 12 may be made of the same material and can be connected to each other by soldering.
  • the adapter portion 12a and the side plate 2 of the rigid adapter plate 12 can be connected and fixed by welding, and the welds formed by the two are strong in strength and strong in tensile strength, so that the composite end plate 1 can withstand a larger single.
  • the expansion deformation force of the body battery improves the structural reliability of the battery module as a whole.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a battery module including a plurality of unit batteries 2 and a fixing frame.
  • a plurality of unit cells 2 are arranged side by side in one direction.
  • the fixing frame is sleeved on the outer circumference of all the unit cells 2 to fix the plurality of unit cells 2.
  • the fixed frame comprises two side panels 3 and two composite end panels 1 of the above-described embodiment.
  • a plurality of unit cells 2 form an assembly.
  • the composite body 1 is provided with a composite end plate 1 on opposite sides of the unit cell 2 in the direction in which they are arranged.
  • the first surface 1a of the composite end plate 1 of the present embodiment is disposed toward the unit cell 2.
  • the composite end plate 1 and the side plate 3 are alternately arranged in turn around all of the unit cells 2.
  • the assembly is provided with a side plate 3 on each side perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the unit cells 2.
  • the composite end plate 1 and the side plate 3 are alternately arranged in turn around all of the unit cells 2.
  • the side plate 3 is made of the same material as the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12.
  • Two composite end plates 1 disposed on both sides of the plurality of unit cells 2 are connected by the two side plates 3.
  • each of the side plates 3 has a U-shaped structure, and both ends are folded to the side of the second surface 1b, and are fixedly connected to the adapter portion 12a of the rigid adapter plate 12.
  • the adapter portion 12a and the side plate 3 of the rigid adapter plate 12 can be connected and fixed by welding, and the weld formed by the welding of the two is strong, and can withstand greater expansion deformation from the expansion of the unit cell.
  • the force effectively reduces the amount of movement or deformation of the composite end plate 1 in a direction away from the unit cells, thereby improving the structural reliability of the entire battery module.
  • the material of the adapter portion 12a of the side plate 3 and the rigid adapter plate 12 is steel, and the material of the rigid substrate 11 is aluminum.
  • the material of the side plate 2 and the rigid adapter plate 12 are both stainless steel.

Abstract

本申请涉及一种复合端板以及电池模组。复合端板具有在自身厚度方向上相对的第一表面和第二表面，其包括：沿厚度方向层叠的刚性基板和刚性转接板；刚性基板包括在复合端板的宽度方向上相对的两个端部及设于两个端部之间的中间固定部；刚性转接板包括在宽度方向上相对的两个转接部以及设于两个转接部之间的容纳部，刚性基板和转接部的材质不同，转接部暴露于第二表面、且用于与外部结构件连接固定；其中，中间固定部的至少一部分容置于容纳部内，刚性基板通过中间固定部与刚性转接板连接固定。本申请的复合端板应用于电池模组时，能够与侧板牢固连接，有效抵消单体电池膨胀变形作用力，阻止电池模组整体尺寸变大。

Description

复合端板以及电池模组
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2017年12月29日提交的名称为“复合端板以及电池模组”的中国专利申请201711484744.5的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种复合端板以及电池模组。
背景技术
随着技术的发展，动力电池应用范围越来越广，涉及生产或生活。动力电池也称二次电池，为可再充电电池。动力电池被广泛地使用。低容量的动力电池可用于小型电动车辆，高容量的动力电池可用于大型电动车辆，例如混合动力汽车或电动汽车。动力电池成组使用时，需要使用汇流排将每个动力电池串联或并联。通常汇流排与动力电池的正极和负极焊接连接。每个动力电池包括多个电池模组。每个电池模组包括多个单体电池以及用于固定多个单体电池的端板和侧板。端板和侧板围绕所有单体电池设置。现有技术中，端板为一整体结构。端板与侧板均使用铝材。端板与侧板通过焊接方式固定安装。随着电池模组的容量不断提升，单体电池在一些情况下自身会发生膨胀，从而会向端板和侧板施加膨胀力，这就导致端板和侧板容易发生变形位移，进而致使侧板与端板之间的焊缝失效。因此，传统的电池模组存在结构强度偏低的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种复合端板以及电池模组。复合端板应用于电池模组时，能够与侧板牢固连接，有效抵消单体电池膨胀变形作用力，阻止 电池模组整体尺寸变大，提升电池模组使用过程安全、可靠。
一方面，本申请实施例提出了一种用于电池模组的复合端板，复合端板具有在自身厚度方向上相对的第一表面和第二表面，第一表面能够面向电池模组的单体电池设置，复合端板包括：沿厚度方向层叠设置的刚性基板和刚性转接板；刚性基板包括在复合端板的宽度方向上相对的两个端部以及设置于两个端部之间的中间固定部；刚性转接板包括在宽度方向上相对的两个转接部以及设置于两个转接部之间的容纳部，容纳部具有朝向第一表面的开口，刚性基板和转接部的材质不同，转接部暴露于第二表面、且用于与外部结构件连接固定；其中，中间固定部的至少一部分容置于容纳部内，刚性基板通过中间固定部与刚性转接板连接固定。
本申请实施例的复合端板，包括层叠设置的刚性基板和刚性转接板。刚性转接板与刚性基板连接固定。刚性转接板包括转接部。转接部暴露于复合端板的第二表面一侧的表面用于与侧板连接固定。刚性转接板实现了刚性基板和外部结构件的转接，一方面，有利于根据实际应用需要，选用密度较小的材料加工制造刚性基板，以实现复合端板的整体轻量化，进而实现电池模组的整体轻量化；另一方面，可以刚度高的材料加工制造刚性基板，保证刚性基板受力不易发生变形。刚性转接板的转接部和侧板可以采用相同的材质，并且彼此能够通过焊接的方式连接。这样，刚性转接板的转接部和侧板能够通过焊接的方式连接固定，且两者形成的焊缝强度大，抗拉能力强，从而复合端板能够承受更大的单体电池膨胀变形力，提高电池模组整体的结构可靠性。
另一个方面，根据本申请实施例提供一种电池模组，其包括：多个单体电池，多个单体电池并排设置；固定框架，套设于所有单体电池的外周，固定框架包括两个如上述的复合端板以及两个侧板，复合端板和侧板围绕多个单体电池依次交替设置，侧板与刚性连接板的转接部材质相同、且与转接部连接固定。
附图说明
下面将通过参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术 效果。
图1是本申请一实施例的电池模组整体结构示意图；
图2是图1中A处的局部放大图；
图3是本申请一实施例复合端板的分解结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例的复合端板的整体结构示意图；
图5是本申请一实施例复合端板的剖视结构示意图；
图6是图5中B处的局部放大图；
图7是本申请一实施例复合端板的俯视结构示意图；
图8是图7中C处的局部放大图；
图9是本申请一实施例刚性转接板的剖视结构示意图；
图10是本申请一实施例金属预埋件的整体结构示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明：
1、复合端板；1a、第一表面；1b、第二表面；
X、宽度方向；Y、厚度方向；Z、高度方向；
11、刚性基板；11a、端部；11b、中间固定部；111、安装孔；112、贯通孔；113、支承平面；114、限位面；
12、刚性转接板；12a、转接部；12b、容纳部；12c、定位面；120、中轴线；121、本体；122、金属预埋件；122a、自由端；122b、中间段；122c、连接加强孔；123、安装部；
2、单体电池；3、侧板；98、缓冲间隙；99、粘接件。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而 不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合图1至图10根据本申请实施例的复合端板1进行详细描述。
图1示意性地显示了一实施例的电池模组整体结构。图2是图1中A处的局部放大图。图3示意性地显示了一实施例复合端板1的分解结构。图4示意性地显示了一实施例的复合端板1的整体结构。图5示意性地显示了一实施例复合端板1的剖视结构。图6是图5中B处的局部放大图。图7示意性地显示了一实施例复合端板1的俯视结构。图8是图7中C处的局部放大图。图9示意性地显示了一实施例刚性转接板12的剖视结构。图10示意性地显示了一实施例金属预埋件122的整体结构。
参照图1和图2所示，本申请实施例的复合端板1用于电池模组。本实施例的电池模组包括沿一方向排列的多个单体电池2、两个本申请实施例的复合端板1以及两个侧板3。多个单体电池2形成一个组合体。两个复合端板1分别沿单体电池2排列方向设置于组合体的相对两侧。两个侧板3分别沿与单体电池2排列方向相垂直的方向间隔设置，并各自与两个复合端板1相连接。两个复合端板1和两个侧板3共同构成一个用于固定组合体的固定框架。侧板3上可以设置多个孔，以减轻自身重量，并有利于辅助单体电池2散热。
本实施例的复合端板1具有预定的宽度、厚度和高度，可以根据实际需要灵活选择尺寸。复合端板1具有沿自身厚度方向Y上相对的第一表面1a和第二表面1b。多个单体电池2在复合端板1的厚度方向Y上并排设 置。复合端板1用于电池模组时，复合端板1的第一表面1a能够面向单体电池2设置，通常第一表面1a为平面，以与方形结构的单体电池2的大平面整体贴合，避免挤压单体电池2的壳体。复合端板1的第二表面1b背向单体电池2而朝向外部环境。
参照图3和图4所示，本申请实施例的复合端板1包括刚性基板11。本实施例的刚性基板11包括在复合端板1的宽度方向X上相对的两个端部11a，以及，设置于两个端部11a之间的中间固定部11b。两个端部11a上均具有沿复合端板1的高度方向Z延伸的螺钉安装孔111，易于使用螺钉穿过该安装孔111将刚性基板11连接固定于外部结构件上，从而将电池模组与外部结构件相连接固定。可选地，本实施例的外部结构件可以是用于容纳电池模组的电池箱体。
本实施例的中间固定部11b上设置有多个沿复合端板1的高度方向Z延伸的贯通孔112。刚性基板11包括在高度方向Z上相对的顶面和底面。每个贯通孔112贯通刚性基板11的顶面和底面。一方面，具有贯通孔112的刚性基板11自身重量轻，从而有利于降低复合端板1整体的重量，有利于提升电池模组的整体轻量化；另一方面，具有贯通孔112的刚性基板11自身刚度好，增强自身抗变形能力，能够承载更大的应力而不发生变形；再一方面，刚性基板11的贯通孔112可以作为散热通道，能够对与刚性基板11相邻的单体电池2进行辅助散热，降低该单体电池2的温度。可选地，贯通孔112的横截面形状为圆形、矩形或三角形。
本实施例的复合端板1还包括刚性转接板12。刚性基板11和刚性转接板12沿厚度方向Y层叠设置。复合端板1应用于电池模组时，刚性基板11设置于刚性转接板12与单体电池2之间，与单体电池2相邻设置。
本实施例的刚性转接板12包括在宽度方向X上相对的两个转接部12a以及设置于两个转接部12a之间的容纳部12b。转接部12a沿复合端板1的高度方向Z延伸。容纳部12b由刚性转接板12背向第二表面1b的表面朝第二表面1b凹陷形成。容纳部12b具有朝向第一表面1a的开口。本实施例的刚性基板11的中间固定部11b的至少一部分容置于容纳部12b内，且中间固定部11b与刚性转接板12连接固定。刚性基板11的端部 11a能够与刚性转接板12的转接部12a朝向第一表面1a的部分相接触，以使端部11a对转接部12a提供限位支承。
本实施例的刚性转接板12的转接部12a暴露于第二表面1b一侧的部分用于与侧板3连接固定。转接部12a暴露于第二表面1b一侧的部分与侧板3之间能够贴合接触。复合端板1应用于电池模组时，一个侧板3与一个刚性转接板12的转接部12a连接固定，另一个侧板3与另一个转接部12a连接固定。这样，在刚性转接板12的转接作用下，侧板3通过刚性转接板12与整个复合端板1实现连接固定。
参照图3所示，本实施例的刚性转接板12所包括的两个转接部12a相对于刚性转接板12的中轴线120对称设置。该中轴线120在高度方向Z上延伸。两个转接部12a各自受到侧板3的作用力时，复合端板1整体能够处于受力平衡状态，避免复合端板1受到侧板3拉应力作用时，复合端板1上沿宽度方向X上的一个侧边产生的转动力矩大于另一侧边产生的转动力矩，从而使得复合端板1整体围绕中轴线120发生转动，提高复合端板1的整体位置稳定性。
本实施例的刚性转接板12的转接部12a与刚性基板11的材质不同。可选地，刚性基板11和转接部12a均为金属材质；或者，刚性基板11为非金属材质，转接部12a为金属材质。刚性转接板12的转接部12a与侧板3材质相同。两个侧板3的自由端均能够翻折至复合端板1的第二表面1b一侧，并与刚性转接板12的转接部12a暴露于第二表面1b一侧的部分焊接连接。单体电池2发生膨胀变形时，膨胀变形力能够拉伸侧板3，使得侧板3主要承受拉应力。两个侧板3和两个复合端板1连接固定后，侧板3能够同时通过复合端板1拉紧多个单体电池2，以能够抵消单体电池2发生膨胀时产生的膨胀变形力。
在一个实施例中，侧板3和刚性转接板12的转接部12a均为钢材质，从而两者可以通过焊接的方式连接固定，连接方式简单易操作。电池模组的侧板3为钢材质时，由于钢材自身屈服强度大，因此单体电池2的膨胀力作用在侧板3上时，对侧板3产生的应力小于钢材的屈服强度，从而有效确保了侧板3不会产生较大的拉伸变形。这样，采用钢制侧板3的 电池模组结构能够有效阻止电池模组变形，从而保证电池模组自身的长度符合设计要求。优选地，侧板3和刚性转接板12的转接部12a均为不锈钢，连接强度高，抗腐蚀性能好。
本实施中，均为钢材质的侧板3和刚性转接板12的转接部12a相互焊接后形成连接强度高的焊接部。这样，侧板3和刚性转接板12的转接部12a形成的焊缝连接强度高，提高焊缝抗拉应力能力，从而复合端板1能够承受更大的单体电池2膨胀变形力，避免单体电池2发生膨胀变形时产生的膨胀变形力将该焊接部容易地拉开，提高电池模组整体的结构可靠性，有效阻止电池模组的外形尺寸受到单体电池2膨胀变形作用而发生变化。可以理解地，侧板3和刚性转接板12的转接部12a也可以均为其它满足连接强度要求的相同金属材质。
本申请实施例中，由于复合端板1通过刚性转接板12的转接部12a与侧板3相连接，因此刚性基板11的材质选用更加灵活。在选用相同金属材质的侧板3和刚性转接板12的转接部12a之间的连接刚度满足要求的前提下，刚性基板11的材料可以为密度较小的材料。可选地，刚性基板11的材质可以为工程塑料、玻璃钢或碳纤维等，从而能够减轻复合端板1整体重量，提升电池模组的轻量化。可选地，刚性基板11的材质也可以为铝或铝合金，从而刚性基板11自身刚度高，也便于采用挤压成型和机加工成型完成刚性基板11的加工制造。
在一个示例中，刚性基板11的材质为铝，侧板3和刚性转接板12的转接部12a的材质为钢，不仅刚性基板11具有良好的刚性，能够承载更大的应力而不发生变形，而且刚性转接板12的转接部12a与侧板3焊接强度高，能够承载更大的应力而不发生分离，进而保证了复合端板1和侧板3的连接强度。
本实施例的刚性基板11与刚性转接板12为可拆卸连接，方便刚性基板11和刚性转接板12分别单独加工制造，然后再进行组装，同时也便于更换或维护刚性转接板12。
可选地，刚性基板11的中间固定部11b与刚性转接板12上设置的容纳部12b过盈配合。通过对刚性基板11施加从第一表面1a指向第二表面 1b的压力，以将刚性基板11的中间固定部11b逐渐推至容纳部12b内的预定位置，以此实现两者的连接固定。刚性基板11的中间固定部11b无法相对于刚性转接板12发生移动。这样，刚性转接板12和刚性基板11组装过程便捷，所需组装工序少，能够提高组装工作效率。在一个示例中，刚性基板11的中间固定部11b的厚度与容纳部12b的深度相同，从而可以完全沉入容纳部12b。
在一个示例中，如图3所示，容纳部12b在宽度方向X上贯通刚性转接板12，从而容纳部12b在宽度方向X上为一通槽、且在宽度方向X上形成两个开口。刚性转接板12的转接部12a靠近开口设置、且转接部12a相对于开口更靠近第二表面1b。刚性基板11的中间固定部11b与容纳部12b形状相匹配，并能够卡扣于容纳部12b内。在高度方向Z上，刚性基板11的中间固定部11b的尺寸略大于容纳部12b的尺寸，从而中间固定部11b能够与容纳部12b过盈配合，以使刚性基板11和刚性转接板12连接固定。刚性基板11的中间固定部11b无法在高度方向Z上发生移动。
在一个示例中，刚性基板11的顶面上与中间固定部11b所对应的区域朝刚性基板11的底面凹陷而形成凹部。刚性基板11的中间固定部11b插入刚性转接板12的容纳部12b后，刚性转接板12的一部分位于凹部内，从而在复合端板1的宽度方向X上，刚性基板11的两个端部11a能够受到刚性转接板12的限位，避免刚性基板11在宽度方向X上发生移动。这样，在复合端板1的高度方向Z以及宽度方向X上，刚性基板11都无法相对于刚性转接板12发生移动，提高刚性基板11和刚性转接板12的连接稳定性，避免两者中的至少一者受外力作用时而发生错移，影响复合端板1的整体稳定性。
可选地，刚性基板11的中间固定部11b和刚性转接板12通过紧固件(图中未显示)连接固定。在刚性基板11的中间固定部11b插入刚性转接板12的容纳部12b内后，通过紧固件将刚性转接板12和刚性基板11连接，以提高刚性转接板12和刚性基板11连接强度。
在一个示例中，中间固定部11b包括在高度方向Z上相对的两个基准面。紧固件包括卡扣连接的卡扣和卡槽。卡扣设置于中间固定部11b的两 个基准面上、且具有弹性。卡槽设置于刚性转接板12形成容纳部12b的表面上、且与容纳部12b相连通。中间固定部11b插接于容纳部12b时，中间固定部11b上的卡扣能够弹入卡槽内，以锁固刚性转接板12和刚性基板11。这样，刚性转接板12与刚性基板11连接过程方便快捷，易操作，连接状态稳定。
在一个示例中，刚性基板11的中间固定部11b上设置有沿厚度方向Y延伸的螺纹孔。刚性转接板12上设置有沿厚度方向Y延伸的通孔。刚性基板11的中间固定部11b和刚性转接板12的容纳部12b配合后，螺纹孔与通孔对准。螺钉的螺杆穿过刚性转接板12上的通孔再与中间固定部11b的螺纹孔螺纹连接，完成锁定。进一步地，通孔为阶梯孔，从而螺钉的螺帽能够沉入刚性转接板12，避免螺帽的至少一部分凸出而与其它零部件发生干涉。
参照图5和图6所示，本实施例的刚性基板11的中间固定部11b上背向第一表面1a的表面与刚性转接板12上形成容纳部12b的底部的表面之间具有预定距离，以形成缓冲间隙98。单体电池2发生膨胀变形时，膨胀变形力会使刚性基板11朝向刚性连接板12发生一定的变形。该缓冲间隙98能够吸收刚性基板11的变形量，避免由于刚性基板11的变形而导致电池模组的外形尺寸发生变化。刚性转接板12上形成容纳部12b的底部的表面为刚性转接板12上背向第二表面1b的表面。
在一个实施例中，复合端板1的刚性基板11的中间固定部11b与刚性转接板通过粘接件99粘接。粘接件99设置于缓冲间隙98内。可选地，粘接件99为粘接胶。在刚性基板11的中间固定部11b朝向刚性转接板12的外表面和/或形成容纳部12b的底部的表面上预先涂覆粘接胶，然后再将中间固定部11b插入容纳部12b内。再经过时效处理后，刚性基板11的中间固定部11b和刚性转接板12能够牢固地粘接连接。进一步地，凝固后的粘接胶完全填充缓冲间隙98，也可以部分地填充缓冲间隙98。进一步地，凝固后的粘接胶具有弹性，避免减弱缓冲间隙98的缓冲性能。可选地，粘接件99也可以是双面胶，同样可以使刚性基板11的中间固定部11b与刚性转接板12粘接。
在一个实施例中，刚性基板11的中间固定部11b具有凹陷区域。凹陷区域由中间固定部11b位于第二表面1b一侧的表面朝第一表面1a凹陷形成。刚性基板11的中间固定部11b插入刚性连接板12的容纳部12b内、且端部11a与转接部12a相接触后，该凹陷区域构造形成缓冲间隙98。
参照图5至图8所示，本实施例的刚性基板11的端部11a上具有限位面114。该限位面114由端部11a背向第一表面1a一侧的表面形成。刚性转接板12的转接部12a上具有定位面12c。该定位面12c由转接部12a上背向第一表面1a一侧的表面形成。刚性基板11的中间固定部11b插入刚性转接板12的容纳部12b内后，端部11a上设置的限位面114与转接部12a的定位面12c相接触，从而在复合端板1的厚度方向上，转接部12a能够对刚性基板11形成定位，以使刚性基板11准确地插入至容纳部12b内的预定位置，提高刚性基板11和刚性转接板12组装效率以及连接稳定性。
在一个实施例中，端部11a上设置的限位面114为平面。限位面114同时在宽度方向X和厚度方向Y上延展，以形成与第二表面1b相交的斜平面。转接部12a上设置的定位面12c也为平面。限位面114和定位面12c均同时在宽度方向X和厚度方向Y上延展，以形成与第二表面1b相交的斜平面。这样，刚性基板11相对于刚性转接板12在宽度方向X和厚度方向Y上同时实现定位。
本实施例的端部11a包括位于第二表面1b一侧的支承平面113。转接部12a背向第一表面1a的表面用于与外部结构件相连接、且与支承平面113相齐平。这样，侧板3与转接部12a连接固定时，避免转接部12a将侧板3顶起，使侧板3的一端翘起而影响焊接工作，从而有利于对侧板3与转接部12a进行焊接操作。另外，侧板3的一端与刚性转接板12的转接部12a连接固定时，侧板3能够与支承平面113和转接部12a背向第一表面1a的表面同时接触，避免转接部12a将侧板3顶起而导致侧板3与支承平面113之间留有缝隙，从而增大了侧板3和刚性基板11的受力面积，使得复合端板1整体受力更加均衡。
在一个实施例中，刚性转接板12整体为钢材质。刚性转接板12的一部分形成转接部12a。通过模铸或机加工方式加工制造。这样，刚性转接板12所包括的转接部12a的整体刚度强，抗变形能力强。
在一个实施例中，参照图5和图6所示，刚性转接板12包括本体121以及预埋于本体121内的金属预埋件122。容纳部12b设置于本体121上，从而刚性基板11的中间固定部11b能够插入容纳部12b，并与本体121连接固定。进一步参照图9所示，金属预埋件122包括在宽度方向X上相对的两个自由端122a。自由端122a延伸出主体以形成转接部12a。刚性转接板12的本体121的材质和金属预埋件122的材质不同。可选地，刚性转接板12的本体121的材质为塑料。金属预埋件122的材质为钢、且为板状结构。采用注塑的方式将刚性转接板12的本体121和金属预埋件122连接固定，两者连接强度高。同时使用塑料加工制造本体121，有利于减轻复合端板1的整体重量，能够实现复合端板1的轻量化。可选地，刚性转接板12的本体121的材质为铝。金属预埋件122的材质为钢、且为板状结构。两者通过模铸的方式构造成完整的刚性转接板12。
除金属预埋件122的两个自由端122a暴露于本体121之外，金属预埋件122的其余部分预埋入本体121内。进一步地，本体121的一部分延伸至自由端122a背向第二表面1b的一侧，能够于自由端122a贴合接触而在厚度方向Y上为自由端122a提供支承。
在一个实施例中，在高度方向Z上，本体121上位于容纳部12b两侧的区域上设置有减重孔。减重孔由本体121上位于第一表面1a一侧的表面朝第二表面1b凹陷形成。
在一个实施例中，参照图9和图10所示，金属预埋件122还包括位于两个自由端122a之间的中间段122b。中间段122b整体预埋于本体121内。中间段122b上设置有多个连接加强孔122c。在采用注塑或模铸过程完成刚性转接板12的加工制造时，定型后的本体121的一部分填充于金属预埋件122上设置的连接加强孔122c内，从而本体121和中间段122b互相咬合连接，提高本体121和金属预埋件122的连接强度。
本申请实施例的刚性转接板12包括在复合端板的高度方向上相对的顶部和底部。容纳部12b设置于顶部和底部之间。刚性转接板12还包括设置于顶部上的安装部123。该安装部123用于安装固定外部零部件，以使外部零部件与复合端板1相连接。在一个实施例中，安装部123为孔状结构。在该安装部123内能够安装螺母。电池模组的输出极能够通过螺钉与该螺母连接固定。
本申请实施例的复合端板，包括层叠设置的刚性基板11和刚性转接板12。刚性转接板12与刚性基板11连接固定。刚性转接板12包括转接部12a。转接部12a暴露于复合端板1的第二表面1b一侧的表面用于与侧板3连接固定。刚性转接板12实现了刚性基板11和外部结构件的转接，一方面，有利于根据实际应用需要，选用密度较小的材料加工制造刚性基板11，以实现复合端板1的整体轻量化，进而实现电池模组的整体轻量化；另一方面，可以刚度高的材料加工制造刚性基板11，保证刚性基板11受力不易发生变形。刚性转接板12的转接部12a和侧板3可以采用相同的材质，并且彼此能够通过焊接的方式连接。这样，刚性转接板12的转接部12a和侧板2能够通过焊接的方式连接固定，且两者形成的焊缝强度大，抗拉能力强，从而复合端板1能够承受更大的单体电池膨胀变形力，提高电池模组整体的结构可靠性。
本申请实施例还提供一种电池模组，其包括多个单体电池2以及固定框架。多个单体电池2沿一方向并排设置。固定框架套设于所有单体电池2的外周以将多个单体电池2进行固定。固定框架包括两个侧板3以及两个上述实施例的复合端板1。多个单体电池2形成一个组合体。组合体沿单体电池2的排列方向相对的两侧各自设置有一个复合端板1。
本实施例的复合端板1的第一表面1a朝单体电池2设置。复合端板1和侧板3围绕所有单体电池2依次交替设置。组合体沿与单体电池2的排列方向相垂直的两侧各自设置有一个侧板3。复合端板1和侧板3围绕所有单体电池2依次交替设置。侧板3与刚性转接板12的转接部12a的材质相同。设置于多个单体电池2两侧的两个复合端板1通过两个侧板3相连接。可选地，每个侧板3呈U形结构，两端翻折至第二表面1b一侧， 并与刚性转接板12的转接部12a连接固定。
这样，刚性转接板12的转接部12a和侧板3可以通过焊接的方式连接固定，同时两者焊接形成的焊缝强度大，进而能够承受更大的来自单体电池膨胀产生的膨胀变形力，有效减小复合端板1朝远离单体电池的方向的移动量或变形量，提高电池模组整体的结构可靠性。在一个实施例中，侧板3和刚性转接板12的转接部12a的材质均为钢，刚性基板11的材质为铝。优选地，侧板2和刚性转接板12的材质均为不锈钢。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于电池模组的复合端板，所述复合端板具有在自身厚度方向上相对的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一表面能够面向所述电池模组的单体电池设置，所述复合端板包括：
    沿所述厚度方向层叠设置的刚性基板和刚性转接板；
    所述刚性基板包括在所述复合端板的宽度方向上相对的两个端部以及设置于两个所述端部之间的中间固定部；
    所述刚性转接板包括在所述宽度方向上相对的两个转接部以及设置于两个所述转接部之间的容纳部，所述容纳部具有朝向所述第一表面的开口，所述刚性基板和所述转接部的材质不同，所述转接部暴露于所述第二表面、且用于与外部结构件连接固定；
    其中，所述中间固定部的至少一部分容置于所述容纳部内，所述刚性基板通过所述中间固定部与所述刚性转接板连接固定。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的复合端板，其中：
    所述刚性基板和所述转接部均为金属材质；或者，
    所述刚性基板为非金属材质，所述转接部为金属材质。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的复合端板，其中，所述容纳部在所述宽度方向上贯通所述刚性转接板，所述中间固定部与所述容纳部形状相匹配，并能够沿所述厚度方向插入所述容纳部。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的复合端板，其中，所述刚性转接板包括本体以及预埋于所述本体内的金属预埋件，所述容纳部设置于所述本体，所述金属预埋件包括在所述宽度方向上相对的两个自由端，所述自由端延伸出所述主体以形成所述转接部。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的复合端板，其中，所述金属预埋件还包括位于两个所述自由端之间的中间段，所述中间段上设置有多个连接加强孔，所述本体的一部分填充于所述连接加强孔。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的复合端板，其中，所述端部上背向所述第一表面一侧设置有限位面，所述转接部上背向所述第二表面一 侧设置有定位面，所述限位面与所述定位面接触，以使所述刚性基板相对于所述刚性转接板在所述厚度方向上实现定位。
  7. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的复合端板，其中，所述端部包括位于所述第二表面一侧的支承平面，所述转接部上暴露于所述第二表面且用于与所述外部结构件相连接的表面与所述支承平面相齐平。
  8. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的复合端板，其中，所述中间固定部背向所述第一表面的表面与所述刚性转接板形成所述容纳部的底部的表面之间形成缓冲间隙。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的复合端板，其中，所述缓冲间隙中设置粘接件，所述中间固定部和所述刚性转接板通过所述粘接件粘接。
  10. 一种电池模组，其中，包括：
    多个单体电池，多个所述单体电池并排设置；
    固定框架，套设于所有所述单体电池的外周，所述固定框架包括两个如权利要求1至9任一项所述的复合端板以及两个侧板，所述复合端板和所述侧板围绕多个所述单体电池依次交替设置，所述侧板与所述刚性连接板的所述转接部材质相同、且与所述转接部连接固定。
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