WO2021031762A1 - 电池模组、电池包和使用电池单体的装置 - Google Patents

电池模组、电池包和使用电池单体的装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021031762A1
WO2021031762A1 PCT/CN2020/102833 CN2020102833W WO2021031762A1 WO 2021031762 A1 WO2021031762 A1 WO 2021031762A1 CN 2020102833 W CN2020102833 W CN 2020102833W WO 2021031762 A1 WO2021031762 A1 WO 2021031762A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end plate
sub
battery module
battery
management unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/102833
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄爱芳
潘荣照
高汉卿
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP20811954.5A priority Critical patent/EP3813147B1/en
Priority to US17/112,727 priority patent/US11476533B2/en
Publication of WO2021031762A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021031762A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0481—Compression means other than compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, in particular to a battery module.
  • the application also relates to a battery pack and a device using battery cells.
  • the module end plate As the most important load-bearing structure of the battery module, the module end plate has the most direct impact on the improvement of energy density and structural strength after optimization.
  • the commonly used end plates are aluminum alloy and stainless steel-plastic composite parts. Both of them cannot avoid the problem of deformation of the end plate under the action of the expansion force of the battery.
  • the battery management unit When the battery management unit is set on the outer surface of the end plate, It is easy to cause the battery management unit to fail after being stressed.
  • the present application provides a battery module to avoid the failure of the battery management unit caused by the deformation of the end plate, and to improve the life of the battery module.
  • This application provides a battery module, including
  • An end plate the end plate includes a first sub-end plate and a second sub-end plate;
  • the first sub-end plate and the second sub-end plate are arranged along the length direction of the battery module, and the second sub-end plate is closer to the battery cell than the first sub-end plate A buffer gap is formed between the first sub-end plate and the second sub-end plate;
  • the battery management unit is arranged on a side of the first sub-end plate away from the second sub-end plate.
  • the first sub-end plate includes a metal plate and an insulating fixing member
  • the insulating fixing member includes a first body
  • the metal plate is inserted into the inside of the first body
  • the battery management unit is fixed on a side of the first body away from the second sub-end plate.
  • one of the battery management unit and the first body is provided with a first card slot, and the other is provided with a second card buckle; the first card slot is provided with a protrusion; the The protrusion is matched with the second buckle; and/or,
  • One of the battery management unit and the first body is provided with a first buckle and the other is provided with a second buckle; the first buckle is matched with the second buckle.
  • the first sub-end plate further includes an extension part
  • the extension portion is connected to a side of the first body facing the battery management unit, and the extension portion extends toward the length direction of the battery module;
  • the second card slot is formed in the extension part
  • the first buckle is formed on the battery management unit.
  • the first sub-end plate further includes a limit plate
  • the limiting plate is connected to the side of the first body facing the battery management unit to limit the displacement of the battery management unit along the width direction of the battery module.
  • the end plate further includes a third sub-end plate
  • the third sub-end plate is connected to a side of the second sub-end plate away from the first sub-end plate.
  • the third sub-end plate is generally a flat structure, and the surface of the third sub-end plate is provided with a groove structure for bonding glue or a cushion.
  • first connecting portions are provided on both sides of the metal plate;
  • the second sub-end plate includes a second body and a second connecting portion; along the width direction of the battery module, the second connecting portion is connected to the second body On both sides
  • the third sub-end plate includes a third body and a third connecting portion; along the width direction of the battery module, the third connecting portion is connected to the third body On both sides
  • the first connection part, the second connection part and the third connection part are connected.
  • it further includes a sleeve, the center line of which extends along the height direction of the battery module;
  • the first connecting portion, the second connecting portion and the third connecting portion are all connected to the outer wall of the sleeve.
  • the insulating fixing member includes a first hoisting part, and the first hoisting part is disposed at the top end of the first body along the height direction of the battery module;
  • the second sub-end plate includes a second hoisting part, and the second hoisting part is disposed at the top end of the second sub-end plate along the height direction of the battery module;
  • the third sub-end plate includes a third hoisting part, and the third hoisting part is arranged at the top end of the third sub-end plate along the height direction of the battery module;
  • a hoisting part for hoisting the battery module is formed.
  • reinforcing ribs are formed on one or both sides of the second sub-end plate.
  • the present application also provides a battery pack, which includes a box body and the battery module as described above arranged in the box body.
  • the box has an accommodating cavity, and one battery module or two or more battery modules are accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and the battery modules are arranged side by side along the length or width of the battery pack And each battery module is fixed to the box.
  • the present application also provides a device using battery cells, which includes the battery module as described above or the battery pack as described above.
  • the battery module provided by this application includes multiple battery cells, end plates and battery management units.
  • the end plate includes a first sub-end plate and a second sub-end plate arranged along the length direction of the battery module.
  • the second sub-end plate is arranged close to the battery cell, and a buffer gap is formed between the first sub-end plate and the second sub-end plate.
  • the battery management unit is arranged on the side of the first sub-end plate away from the second sub-end plate During the charging process of the battery module, the battery cell generates expansion force. Because the second sub-end plate is arranged close to the battery cell, the second sub-end plate is directly affected by the expansion force. As the charging time of the battery cell increases, the battery The expansion force generated by the monomer gradually increases.
  • the second sub-end plate deforms toward the first sub-end plate, that is, the second sub-end plate deforms so that The buffer gap is reduced, that is, because there is a buffer gap between the first sub-end plate and the second sub-end plate, when the second sub-end plate is deformed, the first sub-end plate can be effectively prevented from being affected by the second The influence of plate deformation.
  • the deformation of the first sub-end plate under the action of the expansion force generated by the battery cell can be effectively avoided, thereby avoiding the arrangement of the first sub-end plate.
  • the battery management unit on the side of the end plate away from the second sub-end plate is affected by external force and fails, which improves the service life of the battery management unit, thereby increasing the service life of the battery module.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of A in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end plate of the battery module provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sub-end plate in the battery module provided by the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal plate in the battery module provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulating fixing member in a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 8 is a partial enlarged view of B in Figure 2;
  • Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of C in Figure 2;
  • Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of D in Figure 2;
  • Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of E in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second sub-end plate in a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a third sub-end plate in a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic top view of the structure of the middle end plate of the battery module provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • the battery pack includes a box body and a battery module 100 arranged in the box body.
  • the box body may be made of aluminum, aluminum alloy or other metal materials, and the box body has a containing cavity.
  • the box is a box structure with an open top and includes an upper box cover.
  • the size of the upper box cover is equivalent to the size of the opening at the top of the box.
  • the upper box cover can be fixed to Opening, thereby forming a containing cavity.
  • a seal can be provided between the upper box cover and the box body.
  • One or more than two battery modules 100 can be accommodated in the accommodating cavity of the box of the battery pack.
  • the battery modules 100 can be arranged side by side along the length of the battery pack or in the width direction of the battery pack. And each battery module 100 is fixed to the box.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by an embodiment of this application
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery module provided by an embodiment of this application
  • FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 2.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module 100, which includes a plurality of battery cells 1, an end plate 3, a side plate 2 and a battery management unit 4.
  • a plurality of battery cells 1 are stacked in sequence, and the end plate 3 includes a first sub-end plate 31 and a second sub-end plate 32.
  • the side plate 2 is connected to the end plate 3.
  • the first sub-end plate 31 and the second sub-end plate 32 are arranged along the length direction (X direction) of the battery module 100, and the second sub-end plate 32 is closer to the battery cell 1 than the first sub-end plate 31;
  • a buffer gap 35 is formed between a sub-end plate 31 and a second sub-end plate 32, and the battery management unit 4 is disposed on a side of the first sub-end plate 31 away from the second sub-end plate 32.
  • the battery module 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of battery cells 1, an end plate 3 and a battery management unit 4.
  • the end plate 3 includes a first sub-end plate 31 and a second sub-end plate 32 arranged along the length direction of the battery module 100, the second sub-end plate 32 is arranged close to the battery cell 1, and the first sub-end plate 31 A buffer gap 35 is formed between and the second sub-end plate 32.
  • the battery management unit 4 is arranged on the side of the first sub-end plate 31 away from the second sub-end plate 32.
  • the second sub-end plate 32 When the second sub-end plate 32 is deformed, the second sub-end plate 32 deforms toward the first sub-end plate 31, that is, the deformation of the second sub-end plate 32 reduces the buffer gap 35, that is, due to the first sub-end plate There is a buffer gap 35 between the end plate 31 and the second sub-end plate 32, so that when the second sub-end plate 32 is deformed, the first sub-end plate 31 can be effectively prevented from being affected by the deformation of the second sub-end plate 32.
  • the deformation of the first sub-end plate 31 under the action of the expansion force generated by the battery cell 1 can be effectively avoided, thereby avoiding
  • the battery management unit 4 arranged on the side of the first sub-end plate 31 away from the second sub-end plate 32 is affected by external force and fails, which improves the life of the battery management unit 4 and thus the life of the battery module 100.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an end plate in a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first sub-end plate in a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 6 is an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insulating fixing member in the battery module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the first sub-end plate 31 includes a metal plate 311 and an insulating fixing member 312.
  • the insulating fixing member 312 includes a first body 312a, and a metal
  • the board 311 is inserted into the inside of the first body 312a, and the battery management unit 4 is fixed on the side of the first body 312a away from the second sub-end plate 32.
  • the above-mentioned first sub-end plate 31 includes a metal plate 311 for improving the strength of the first sub-end plate 31. Since the first battery management unit 4 is arranged at the end of the first sub-end plate 31 away from the second sub-end plate 32, in order to make The battery management unit 4 is insulated from the metal plate 311. An insulating fixing member 312 is provided on the outer side of the metal plate 311 to effectively isolate the metal plate 311 from the battery management unit 4, avoiding short-circuiting of the battery management unit 4, and improving the battery The safety of the module 100;
  • the insulating fixing member 312 includes a first body 312a, and the metal plate 311 is inserted into the inside of the first body 312a to realize the cooperation between the insulating fixing member 312 and the metal plate 311.
  • the insertion of the metal plate 311 and the first body 312a includes full insertion and partial exposure.
  • the first body 312a is provided on the side extending in the width direction (Y direction) of the battery module 100.
  • the hole, that is, part of the metal plate 311 exposes the first body 312a. Since the exposed area is small, the insulation effect of the first body 312a is not affected.
  • the fluidity of the injection material can be improved, and the injection speed can be accelerated; after the injection is completed, it is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the injection material, accelerates the solidification of the injection material, and improves the insulation fixing part. 312 production efficiency.
  • the insulating fixing member 312 is provided to facilitate the provision of a connection structure on the insulating fixing member 312 for connecting the first sub-end plate 31 to the battery management unit 4, which reduces the connection between the battery management unit 4 and the first sub-end plate 31 Difficulty.
  • the above-mentioned insulating fixing member 312 is formed by injection molding of a material including plastic material.
  • the metal plate 311 is placed in an injection mold, and then liquid injection material is injected into the injection mold, and the injection material is finally cooled.
  • the injection material is solidified to form the insulating fixing member 312, and at the same time, the connection between the metal plate 311 and the insulating fixing member 312 is realized.
  • FIGS. 8 to 11 in order to facilitate the installation and disassembly of the battery management unit 4, in the embodiment of the present application, the battery management unit 4 is snap-connected to the first body 312a.
  • one is provided with a first slot 41, the other is provided with a second snap 313; the first slot 41 is provided with a protrusion 42; and a protrusion 42 Cooperate with the second buckle 313; and/or, one of the battery management unit 4 and the first body 312a is provided with a first buckle 43, the other is provided with a second buckle 314; the first buckle 43 and The second slot 314 cooperates.
  • the first body 312a and the battery management unit 4 are snap-connected and connected by providing a card slot and a buckle on the first body 312a and the battery management unit 4.
  • the specific arrangement of the card slot and the buckle on the battery management unit 4 or the first body 312a is not limited, and the first body 312a and the battery management unit 4 can be snapped together.
  • the side of the battery management unit 4 facing the top surface of the battery module 100 is provided with a first slot 41
  • the side of the battery management unit 4 facing away from the top surface of the battery module 100 is provided with a first buckle. 43 as an example.
  • the first sub-end plate 31 further includes an extension 316 connected to the side of the first body 312a facing the battery management unit 4, and the extension 316 faces the length direction of the battery module 100 ( X direction) extension.
  • the second slot 314 is formed in the extension portion 316, and the first buckle 43 is formed in the battery management unit 4.
  • the side of the battery management unit 4 facing the top surface of the battery module 100 is formed with a first slot 41, a protrusion 42 is formed in the first slot 41, the first body 312a and the first slot 41
  • a second buckle 313 is provided at the corresponding position.
  • the second buckle 313 When the second buckle 313 is engaged with the first groove 41, the second buckle 313 extends into the first groove 41 and is engaged with the protrusion 42, thereby restricting the first body 312a and the battery management unit 4 The relative displacement along the length direction (X direction) of the battery module 100.
  • a first snap 43 is formed on the side of the battery management unit 4 facing away from the top surface of the battery module 100, and a second slot 314 is formed on the extension 316.
  • the A buckle 43 is inserted into the second slot 314 to limit the relative displacement of the battery management unit 4 and the first body 312a along the height direction (Z direction) of the battery module 100, thereby realizing the installation of the battery management unit 4 And limit, improve the stability of the assembly of the end plate 3 and the battery management unit 4.
  • the first sub-end plate 31 further includes a limit plate 315; the limit plate 315 is connected to the side of the first body 312a facing the battery management unit 4 to limit the battery management unit 4 Displacement along the width of the battery module 100.
  • the side of the first body 312a facing the battery management unit 4 is provided with two limiting plates 315, and the two limiting plates 315 are arranged along the width direction (Y direction) of the battery module 100 and arranged On both sides of the battery management unit 4, the end of the two limiting plates 315 facing the extension 316 is connected to the two ends of the extension 316, respectively.
  • the two limit plates 315 and the extension 316 enclose the installation area of the battery management unit 4, which can effectively prevent the battery management unit 4 from being assembled misplaced and improve battery management Unit 4 and end plate 3 assembly efficiency.
  • the limit plate 315 can limit the relative displacement of the battery management unit 4 with the end plate 3 along the width direction of the battery module 100, thereby avoiding the gap between the battery management unit 4 and the end plate 3. A large relative displacement is generated, and the stability of the connection between the battery management unit 4 and the end plate 3 is improved.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the second sub-end plate in the battery module provided by the embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 12, as an embodiment of the above-mentioned second sub-end plate 32, along the length of the battery module 100 In the direction (X direction), reinforcing ribs 321 are formed on one or both sides of the second sub-end plate 32.
  • a reinforcing rib 321 is formed on the surface of the second sub-end plate 32, which can effectively increase the strength of the second sub-end plate 32.
  • the second sub-end plate 32 has a higher Strength, the deformation of the second sub-end plate 32 can be reduced, that is, the greater the strength of the second sub-end plate 32, the greater the buffer gap 35 formed between the second sub-end plate 32 and the first sub-end plate 31 The smaller the size, the thickness of the end plate 3 and the volume of the battery module 100 can be reduced.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the third sub-end plate in the battery module provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • the end plate 3 further includes a third sub-end plate 33;
  • the third sub-end plate 33 is connected to the side of the second sub-end plate 32 away from the first sub-end plate 31.
  • a third sub-end plate 33 is provided on the side of the second sub-end plate 32 away from the first sub-end plate 31, and the third sub-end plate 33 is a flat plate structure.
  • the flat structure is not an absolute flat state, as long as the main surface close to the battery is relatively flat.
  • a groove structure for accommodating adhesive glue and cushion pads is provided on the surface of the third sub-end plate 33 It can also be considered a flat structure. The expansion force generated by the battery cell 1 directly acts on the third sub-end plate 33.
  • the third sub-end plate 33 is a flat plate structure, when the expansion force acts on the third sub-end plate 33, the third sub-end plate 33 is not easy to generate Stress is concentrated, and the received expansion force can be uniformly applied to the second sub-end plate 32, so that the second sub-end plate 32 is not easy to produce stress concentration, which effectively improves the service life of the second sub-end plate 32, that is, The service life of the battery management unit 4 and the battery module 100.
  • the first sub-end plate 31, the second sub-end plate 32 and the third sub-end plate 33 In order to connect the first sub-end plate 31, the second sub-end plate 32 and the third sub-end plate 33, in the embodiment of the present application, the first sub-end plate 31, the second sub-end plate 32 and the third sub-end plate 33 Both ends along the width direction (Y direction) of the battery module 100 are provided with connecting portions.
  • both sides of the metal plate 311 are provided with first connection portions 311a;
  • the second sub-end plate 32 includes a second body 322 and a second connection 323;
  • the second connecting portion 323 is connected to both sides of the second body 322;
  • the third sub-end plate 33 includes a third body 331 and a third Connecting portion 332;
  • the third connecting portion 332 is connected to both sides of the third body 331; the first connecting portion 311a, the second connecting portion 323 and the third connecting portion 332 are connected.
  • first sub-end plate 31, second sub-end plate 32, and third sub-end plate 33 by providing first connecting portions 311a on both sides of the metal plate 311 in the first sub-end plate 31, the second sub-end The second connecting portion 323 is provided on both sides of the second body 322 in the plate 32, and the third connecting portion 332 is provided on both sides of the third body 331 in the third sub-end plate 33. Finally, the first connecting portion 311a is connected to the second The part 323 and the third connecting part 332 are connected to ensure the stability of the connection between the first sub-end plate 31, the second sub-end plate 32 and the third sub-end plate 33.
  • the second connecting portion 323 and the third connecting portion 332 can effectively prevent damage to the first body 312a and the second body 322 when the first sub-end plate 31, the second sub-end plate 32 and the third sub-end plate 33 are connected.
  • the structure formed on the surface of the third body 331 ensures the reliability of the structure of the end plate 3.
  • the end plate 3 further includes a sleeve 34 along the center line of the sleeve 34
  • the battery module 100 extends in the height direction (Z); the first connecting portion 311 a, the second connecting portion 323 and the third connecting portion 332 are all connected to the outer wall of the sleeve 34.
  • the end plate 3 further includes a sleeve 34, a first connection portion 311a, a second connection portion 323, and a third connection portion 332 is connected to the outer wall of the sleeve.
  • sleeves 34 are provided on both sides of the second sub-end plate 32.
  • the first connecting portion 311a and the second The connecting portion 323 and the third connecting portion 332 are respectively welded to the sleeve 34 to form the end plate 3 with a stable structure.
  • the insulating fixing member 312 includes a first lifting portion 312b.
  • the first lifting portion 312b is disposed at the top of the first body 312a
  • the second sub-end plate 32 includes a second hoisting portion 324, along the height direction of the battery module 100, the second hoisting portion 324 is provided at the top of the second sub-end plate 32;
  • the third sub-end plate 33 includes a third hoisting portion 333.
  • the third lifting portion 333 is provided at the top end of the third sub-end plate 33; after the first lifting portion 312b, the second lifting portion 324, and the third lifting portion 333 are connected, they are formed for The hoisting part 5 of the battery module 100 is hoisted.
  • the first lifting portion 312b, the second lifting portion 324, and the third lifting portion 333 are along the height direction of the battery module 100 (Z direction) overlap to facilitate the movement of the end plate 3 and the battery module 100.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及储能器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池模组，包括：依次堆叠的多个电池单体；端板，包括第一子端板和第二子端板；第一子端板与第二子端板沿电池模组的长度方向排列，且第二子端板相较于第一子端板靠近电池单体，第一子端板与第二子端板间形成缓冲间隙；电池管理单元，设置于第一子端板远离第二子端板的一侧。本申请所提供的电池模组中，通过在第一子端板和第二子端板之间设置缓冲间隙，可有效避免在电池单体产生的膨胀力的作用下，第一子端板发生形变，从而避免设置在第一子端板远离第二子端板一侧的电池管理单元受到外力作用导致失效，提高电池管理单元寿命，从而提高电池模组的使用寿命。本申请还涉及一种电池包和使用电池单体的装置。

Description

电池模组、电池包和使用电池单体的装置
本申请要求于2019年8月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910770671.9、发明名称为“电池模组”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及储能器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池模组。另外，本申请还涉及一种电池包和一种使用电池单体的装置。
背景技术
随着纯电动汽车行业的快速发展，为提高竞争力，整车厂客户对电池模组的能量密度和结构强度要求越来越高，以匹配终端用户对高续航能力和适应各种严苛工况的需求。
模组端板作为电池模组中最为重要的承力结构件，其结构经优化后对提高能量密度和结构强度将有最直接的影响。目前常用的端板为铝合金和不锈钢-塑料复合件两种，均无法避免在电芯的膨胀力的作用下，端板发生变形的问题，当电池管理单元设置在端板的外表面时，容易导致电池管理单元受力后失效。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种电池模组，以避免端板变形导致电池管理单元失效，提高了电池模组的寿命。
本申请提供了一种电池模组，包括
依次堆叠的多个电池单体；
端板，所述端板包括第一子端板和第二子端板；
所述第一子端板与所述第二子端板沿所述电池模组的长度方向排列，且所述第二子端板相较于所述第一子端板靠近所述电池单体；所述第一子端板与所述第二子端板间形成缓冲间隙；
电池管理单元，所述电池管理单元设置于所述第一子端板远离所述第二子端板的一侧。
可选地，所述第一子端板包括金属板和绝缘固定件；
所述绝缘固定件包括第一本体；
所述金属板插接于所述第一本体的内部；
所述电池管理单元固定于所述第一本体远离所述第二子端板的一侧。
可选地，所述电池管理单元和所述第一本体中，一者设置有第一卡槽，另一者设置有第二卡扣；所述第一卡槽内设有凸起；所述凸起与所述第二卡扣配合；和/或，
所述电池管理单元和所述第一本体中，一者设置有第一卡扣，另一者设置有第二卡槽；所述第一卡扣与所述第二卡槽配合。
可选地，所述第一子端板还包括延伸部；
所述延伸部连接于所述第一本体朝向所述电池管理单元的一侧，且所述延伸部朝向所述电池模组的长度方向延伸；
所述第二卡槽形成于所述延伸部；
所述第一卡扣形成于所述电池管理单元。
可选地，所述第一子端板还包括限位板；
所述限位板连接于所述第一本体朝向所述电池管理单元的一侧，用以限制所述电池管理单元沿所述电池模组的宽度方向的位移。
可选地，所述端板还包括第三子端板；
所述第三子端板连接于所述第二子端板背离所述第一子端板的一侧。
可选地，所述第三子端板大体为平板结构，并且所述第三子端板的表面设置用于粘结胶或缓冲垫的槽结构。
可选地，沿所述电池模组的宽度方向，所述金属板的两侧设置有第一连接部；
沿所述电池模组的宽度方向，所述第二子端板包括第二本体和第二连接部；沿所述电池模组的宽度方向，所述第二连接部连接于所述第二本体的两侧；
沿所述电池模组的宽度方向，所述第三子端板包括第三本体和第三连 接部；沿所述电池模组的宽度方向，所述第三连接部连接于所述第三本体的两侧；
所述第一连接部、第二连接部和所述第三连接部相连接。
可选地，还包括套筒，所述套筒的中心线沿所述电池模组的高度方向延伸；
所述第一连接部、第二连接部和所述第三连接部均连接于所述套筒的外壁。
可选地，所述绝缘固定件包括第一吊装部，沿电池模组的高度方向，所述第一吊装部设置于所述第一本体的顶端；
所述第二子端板包括第二吊装部，沿电池模组的高度方向，所述第二吊装部设置于所述第二子端板的顶端；
所述第三子端板包括第三吊装部，沿电池模组的高度方向，所述第三吊装部设置于所述第三子端板的顶端；
所述第一吊装部、所述第二吊装部和所述第三吊装部连接后，形成用于吊装所述电池模组的吊装部。
可选地，沿所述电池模组的长度方向，所述第二子端板一侧或两侧形成有加强筋。
本申请还提供一种电池包，该电池包包括箱体和设置在箱体内的如上文所述的电池模组。
可选地，该箱体具有容置腔，在该容置腔内容置一个电池模组，或容置两个以上的电池模组，这些电池模组沿电池包的长度方向或宽度方向并排设置且各电池模组与箱体固定。
本申请还提供一种使用电池单体的装置，该装置包括如上文所述的电池模组或如上文所述的电池包。
本申请提供的技术方案可以达到以下有益效果：
本申请所提供的电池模组中，包括多个电池单体、端板和电池管理单元。其中，端板包括沿电池模组的长度方向设置的第一子端板和第二子端板。第二子端板靠近电池单体设置，且第一子端板与第二子端板之间形成有缓冲间隙，电池管理单元设置在第一子端板远离第二子端板的一侧，在 电池模组充电过程中，电池单体产生膨胀力，由于第二子端板靠近电池单体设置，第二子端板直接受到膨胀力的作用，随着电池单体的充电时间增加，电池单体产生的膨胀力逐渐增大，当膨胀力增大至使第二子端板发生形变时，第二子端板产生朝向第一子端板的形变，即，第二子端板形变使得缓冲间隙减小，也就是说由于第一子端板与第二子端板之间存在缓冲间隙，使得当第二子端板发生形变时，可有效避免第一子端板受到第二子端板形变的影响。通过在第一子端板和第二子端板之间设置缓冲间隙，可有效避免在电池单体产生的膨胀力的作用下，第一子端板发生形变，从而避免了设置在第一子端板远离第二子端板一侧的电池管理单元受到外力作用导致失效，提高了电池管理单元的寿命，从而提高了电池模组的使用寿命。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组的分解示意图；
图3为图2中A处的局部放大图；
图4为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中端板的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中第一子端板的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中金属板的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中绝缘固定件的结构示意图；
图8为图2中B处的局部放大图；
图9为图2中C处的局部放大图；
图10为图2中D处的局部放大图；
图11为图2中E处的局部放大图；
图12为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中第二子端板的结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中第三子端板的结构示意图；
图14为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中端板的俯视结构示意图。
附图标记：
100-电池模组；
1-电池单体；
2-侧板；
3-端板；
31-第一子端板；
311-金属板；
311a-第一连接部；
312-绝缘固定件；
312a-第一本体；
312b-第一吊装部；
313-第二卡扣；
314-第二卡槽；
315-限位板；
316-延伸部；
32-第二子端板；
321-加强筋；
322-第二本体；
323-第二连接部；
324-第二吊装部；
33-第三子端板；
331-第三本体；
332-第三连接部；
333-第三吊装部；
34-套筒；
35-缓冲间隙；
4-电池管理单元；
41-第一卡槽；
42-凸起；
43-第一卡扣；
5-吊装部。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请实施例中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请。在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
需要注意的是，本申请实施例所描述的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等方位词是以附图所示的角度来进行描述的，不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定。此外，在上下文中，还需要理解的是，当提到一个元件连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”时，其不仅能够直接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”，也可以通过中间元件间接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”。
电池包包括箱体以及设置在箱体的电池模组100，箱体可由铝、铝合金或其他金属材料制成，箱体内具有容置腔。在一种可能的设计中，箱体为顶部敞开的箱体结构，并包括上箱盖，上箱盖的尺寸与箱体顶部的开口的尺寸相当，上箱盖可通过螺栓等固定件固定于开口，从而形成容置腔。同时，为了提高箱体的密封性，在上箱盖与箱体之间还可设置密封件。
电池包的箱体的容置腔内可容置个或两个以上的电池模组100，电池模组100在箱体内可以沿电池包的长度方向并排设置，也可以沿电池包的宽度方向并排设置，且各电池模组100与箱体固定。
图1为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组的结构示意图，图2为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组的分解示意图，图3为图2中A处的局部放大图。
如图1至图3所示，本申请实施例提供了一种电池模组100，包括：多个电池单体1、端板3、侧板2和电池管理单元4。
其中，多个电池单体1依次堆叠，端板3包括第一子端板31和第二子端板32。侧板2与端板3连接。第一子端板31与第二子端板32沿电池模组100的长度方向(X向)排列，且第二子端板32相较于第一子端板31靠近电池单体1；第一子端板31与第二子端板32间形成缓冲间隙35，电池管理单元4设置于第一子端板31远离第二子端板32的一侧。
本申请实施例所提供的电池模组100包括多个电池单体1、端板3和电池管理单元4。
其中，端板3包括沿电池模组100的长度方向设置的第一子端板31和第二子端板32，第二子端板32靠近电池单体1设置，且第一子端板31与第二子端板32之间形成有缓冲间隙35。电池管理单元4设置在第一子端板31远离第二子端板32的一侧，在电池模组100充放电过程中，电池单体1产生膨胀力，由于第二子端板32靠近电池单体1设置，第二子端板32直接受到膨胀力的作用，随着电池单体1的充放电次数的增加，电池单体1产生的膨胀力逐渐增大，当膨胀力增大至使第二子端板32发生形变时，第二子端板32产生朝向第一子端板31的形变，即，第二子端板32形变使得缓冲间隙35减小，也就是说由于第一子端板31与第二子端板32之间存在缓冲间隙35，使得当第二子端板32发生形变时，可有效避免第一子端板31受到第二子端板32形变的影响。通过在第一子端板31和第二子端板32之间设置缓冲间隙35，可有效避免在电池单体1产生的膨胀力的作用下，第一子端板31发生形变，从而避免了设置在第一子端板31远离第二子端板32一侧的电池管理单元4受到外力作用导致失效，提高了电池管理单元4的寿命，从而提高了电池模组100的使用寿命。
图4为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中端板的结构示意图，图5为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中第一子端板的结构示意图，图6为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中金属板的结构示意图，图7为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中绝缘固定件的结构示意图。
如图4至图7所示，作为上述第一子端板31的一种实施方式，第一子端板31包括金属板311和绝缘固定件312，绝缘固定件312包括第一本体312a，金属板311插接于第一本体312a的内部，电池管理单元4固定于第一本体312a远离第二子端板32的一侧。
上述第一子端板31包括用于提高第一子端板31强度的金属板311，由于第一电池管理单元4设置在第一子端板31远离第二子端板32的一端，为了使电池管理单元4和金属板311之间绝缘，在金属板311的外侧设置有绝缘固定件312，有效将金属板311与电池管理单元4隔离，避免电池管理单元4发生短路的现象，提高了电池模组100的安全性；
另外，绝缘固定件312包括第一本体312a，金属板311插接于第一本体312a内部，实现绝缘固定件312与金属板311的配合。
金属板311与第一本体312a插接包括全部插入和部分露出，实际情况下，为了便于注塑成型，在第一本体312a沿电池模组100的宽度方向(Y向)延伸的侧面上会设置通孔，即金属板311有局部是露出第一本体312a的，由于露出面积很小，不会影响第一本体312a的绝缘效果。而且，通过设置通孔，当对第一本体312a注塑时，可提高注塑材料的流动性，加快注塑速度；注塑完成后，有利于注塑材料的散热，加快注塑材料的凝固，从而提高绝缘固定件312的制备效率。
并且，设置绝缘固定件312，便于在绝缘固定件312上设置用于将第一子端板31与电池管理单元4连接的连接结构，降低了电池管理单元4与第一子端板31的连接难度。
上述绝缘固定件312由包括塑料材质的材料注塑形成，当制备第一子端板31时，将金属板311放置于注塑模具内，然后在注塑模具内注入液体的注塑材料，最后冷却注塑材料，使注塑材料凝固形成绝缘固定件312，同时也实现了金属板311和绝缘固定件312的连接。
图8为图2中B处的局部放大图，图9为图2中C处的局部放大图，图10为图2中D处的局部放大图，图11为图2中E处的局部放大图。如图8至图11所示，为了便于电池管理单元4的安装和拆卸，本申请实施例中，电池管理单元4与第一本体312a卡接连接。
具体地，电池管理单元4和第一本体312a中，一者设置有第一卡槽41，另一者设置有第二卡扣313；第一卡槽41内设有凸起42；凸起42与第二卡扣313配合；和/或，电池管理单元4和第一本体312a中，一者设置有第一卡扣43，另一者设置有第二卡槽314；第一卡扣43与第二卡槽314配合。
通过在第一本体312a和在电池管理单元4上设置卡槽和卡扣，将第一本体312a与电池管理单元4进行卡接连接。本申请实施例中，不对卡槽和卡扣设置在电池管理单元4或第一本体312a上的具体设置进行限定，可实现第一本体312a与电池管理单元4卡接即可。本实施例中，以电池管理单元4朝向电池模组100的顶面的一侧设置有第一卡槽41、电池管理单元4背离电池模组100的顶面的一侧设置有第一卡扣43为例，此时，第一子端板31还包括延伸部316，延伸部316连接于第一本体312a朝向电池管理单元4的一侧，且延伸部316朝向电池模组100的长度方向(X向)延伸。第二卡槽314形成于延伸部316，第一卡扣43形成于电池管理单元4。
上述实施例中，电池管理单元4朝向电池模组100的顶面的侧面上形成有第一卡槽41，第一卡槽41内形成有凸起42，第一本体312a与第一卡槽41对应的位置处设有第二卡扣313。当第二卡扣313与第一卡槽41配合时，第二卡扣313伸入至第一卡槽41中，并与凸起42卡接，从而限制了第一本体312a与电池管理单元4沿电池模组100的长度方向(X向)的相对位移。同时，电池管理单元4背离电池模组100的顶面的侧面上形成有第一卡扣43，延伸部316上形成有第二卡槽314，当电池管理单元4与延伸部316配合时，第一卡扣43插入至第二卡槽314中，限制了电池管理单元4与第一本体312a沿电池模组100的高度方向(Z向)的相对位移，从而实现了对电池管理单元4的安装和限位，提高了端板3与电池管理单元4装配的稳定性。
为了进一步对电池管理单元4进行限位，第一子端板31还包括限位板315；限位板315连接于第一本体312a朝向电池管理单元4的一侧，用以限制电池管理单元4沿电池模组100的宽度方向的位移。
本申请实施例中，第一本体312a朝向电池管理单元4的一侧设置有两个限位板315，并且两个限位板315沿电池模组100的宽度方向(Y向)排列，并设置在电池管理单元4的两侧，并且两个限位板315朝向延伸部316的一端分别与延伸部316的两端连接。当电池管理单元4与端板3配合时，两个限位板315和延伸部316围成了电池管理单元4的安装区域，可有效防止电池管理单元4出现装配错位的现象，提高了电池管理单元4与端板3装配的效率。同时，当电池管理单元4安装完成后，限位板315可限制电池管理单元4沿电池模组100的宽度方向与端板3产生相对位移，从而避免了电池管理单元4与端板3之间产生较大的相对位移，提高了电池管理单元4与端板3连接的稳定性。
图12为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中第二子端板的结构示意图，如图12所示，作为上述第二子端板32的一种实施方式，沿电池模组100的长度方向(X向)，第二子端板32一侧或两侧形成有加强筋321。
第二子端板32上的表面形成加强筋321，可有效增加第二子端板32的强度，当膨胀力作用于第二子端板32时，由于第二子端板32具有较高的强度，可减小第二子端板32的形变量，即，第二子端板32具有的强度越大，第二子端板32和第一子端板31之间形成的缓冲间隙35的尺寸越小，从而可减小端板3的厚度，减小电池模组100的体积。
图13为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中第三子端板的结构示意图，如图13所示，作为上述端板3的一种实施方式，端板3还包括第三子端板33；第三子端板33连接于第二子端板32背离第一子端板31的一侧。
由于在对电池单体1进行充电的过程中，电池单体1产生膨胀力，且膨胀力直接作用于端板3，为了防止膨胀力作用于第二子端板32时产生应力集中的现象，本申请实施例中，在第二子端板32背离第一子端板31的一侧设置有第三子端板33，且第三子端板33为平板结构。需要说明的是，平板结构非绝对的平板状态，只要在靠近电池的主面为相对平直即可，如 在第三子端板33的表面设置用于容纳粘结胶、缓冲垫的槽结构也可以认为是平板结构。电池单体1产生的膨胀力直接作用于第三子端板33，由于第三子端板33为平板结构，在膨胀力作用于第三子端板33时，第三子端板33不易产生应力集中，且可将受到的膨胀力均匀地施加于第二子端板32，使得第二子端板32也不易产生应力集中，有效提高了第二子端板32的使用寿命，即提高了电池管理单元4以及电池模组100的使用寿命。
为了将第一子端板31、第二子端板32和第三子端板33连接，本申请实施例中，第一子端板31、第二子端板32和第三子端板33沿电池模组100的宽度方向(Y向)的两端，均设有连接部。
具体地，沿电池模组100的宽度方向，金属板311的两侧设置有第一连接部311a；沿电池模组100的宽度方向，第二子端板32包括第二本体322和第二连接部323；沿电池模组100的宽度方向，第二连接部323连接于第二本体322的两侧；沿电池模组100的宽度方向，第三子端板33包括第三本体331和第三连接部332；沿电池模组100的宽度方向，第三连接部332连接于第三本体331的两侧；第一连接部311a、第二连接部323和第三连接部332相连接。
上述第一子端板31、第二子端板32和第三子端板33中，通过在第一子端板31中金属板311的两侧设置第一连接部311a，在第二子端板32中第二本体322的两侧设置第二连接部323，在第三子端板33中第三本体331的两侧设置第三连接部332，最后将第一连接部311a、第二连接部323和第三连接部332连接，保证了第一子端板31、第二子端板32和第三子端板33之间的连接的稳定性，同时，通过设置第一连接部311a、第二连接部323和第三连接部332可有效防止在将第一子端板31、第二子端板32和第三子端板33进行连接时，损坏第一本体312a、第二本体322和第三本体331表面形成的结构，保证了端板3结构的可靠性。
图14为本申请实施例所提供的电池模组中端板的俯视结构示意图，如图4至图14所示，具体地，上述端板3还包括套筒34，套筒34的中心线沿电池模组100的高度方向(Z)延伸；第一连接部311a、第二连接部323和第三连接部332均连接于套筒34的外壁。
为了将第一子端板31、第二子端板32和第三子端板33稳定连接，端板3还包括套筒34，第一连接部311a、第二连接部323和第三连接部332与套头的外壁连接，本实施例中，沿电池模组100的宽度方向(Y向)，在第二子端板32的两侧均设置有套筒34，第一连接部311a、第二连接部323和第三连接部332分别与套筒34焊接，以形成稳定结构的端板3。
为了便于对端板3以及电池模组100进行拿取和转运，绝缘固定件312包括第一吊装部312b，沿电池模组100的高度方向，第一吊装部312b设置于第一本体312a的顶端；第二子端板32包括第二吊装部324，沿电池模组100的高度方向，第二吊装部324设置于第二子端板32的顶端；第三子端板33包括第三吊装部333，沿电池模组100的高度方向，第三吊装部333设置于第三子端板33的顶端；第一吊装部312b、第二吊装部324和第三吊装部333连接后，形成用于吊装电池模组100的吊装部5。
当第一子端板31、第二子端板32和第三子端板33连接完成后，第一吊装部312b、第二吊装部324和第三吊装部333沿电池模组100的高度方向(Z向)搭接，以便于对端板3以及电池模组100进行移动。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电池模组，其特征在于，包括：
    依次堆叠的多个电池单体(1)；
    端板(3)，所述端板(3)包括第一子端板(31)和第二子端板(32)；
    所述第一子端板(31)与所述第二子端板(32)沿所述电池模组(100)的长度方向(X)排列，且所述第二子端板(32)相较于所述第一子端板(31)靠近所述电池单体(1)；所述第一子端板(31)与所述第二子端板(32)间形成缓冲间隙(35)；
    电池管理单元(4)，所述电池管理单元(4)设置于所述第一子端板(31)远离所述第二子端板(32)的一侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第一子端板(31)包括金属板(311)和绝缘固定件(312)；
    所述绝缘固定件(312)包括第一本体(312a)；
    所述金属板(311)插接于所述第一本体(312a)的内部；
    所述电池管理单元(4)固定于所述第一本体(312a)远离所述第二子端板(32)的一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述电池管理单元(4)和所述第一本体(312a)中，一者设置有第一卡槽(41)，另一者设置有第二卡扣(313)；所述第一卡槽(41)内设有凸起(42)；所述凸起(42)与所述第二卡扣(313)配合；和/或，
    所述电池管理单元(4)和所述第一本体(312a)中，一者设置有第一卡扣(43)，另一者设置有第二卡槽(314)；所述第一卡扣(43)与所述第二卡槽(314)配合。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第一子端板(31)还包括延伸部(316)；
    所述延伸部(316)连接于所述第一本体(312a)朝向所述电池管理单元(4)的一侧，且所述延伸部(316)朝向所述电池模组(100)的长度方向(X)延伸；
    所述第二卡槽(314)形成于所述延伸部(316)；
    所述第一卡扣(43)形成于所述电池管理单元(4)。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第一子端板(31)还包括限位板(315)；
    所述限位板(315)连接于所述第一本体(312a)朝向所述电池管理单元(4)的一侧，用以限制所述电池管理单元(4)沿所述电池模组(100)的宽度方向的位移。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任意一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述端板还包括第三子端板(33)；
    所述第三子端板(33)连接于所述第二子端板(32)背离所述第一子端板(31)的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池模组，其特征在于，沿所述电池模组(100)的宽度方向，所述金属板(311)的两侧设置有第一连接部(311a)；
    沿所述电池模组(100)的宽度方向，所述第二子端板(32)包括第二本体(322)和第二连接部(323)；沿所述电池模组(100)的宽度方向，所述第二连接部(323)连接于所述第二本体(322)的两侧；
    沿所述电池模组(100)的宽度方向，所述第三子端板(33)包括第三本体(331)和第三连接部(332)；沿所述电池模组(100)的宽度方向，所述第三连接部(332)连接于所述第三本体(331)的两侧；
    所述第一连接部(311a)、第二连接部(323)和所述第三连接部(332)相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池模组，其特征在于，还包括套筒(34)，所述套筒(34)的中心线沿所述电池模组(100)的高度方向(Z)延伸；
    所述第一连接部(311a)、第二连接部(323)和所述第三连接部(332)均连接于所述套筒(34)的外壁。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述绝缘固定件(312)包括第一吊装部(312b)，沿电池模组(100)的高度方向，所述第一吊装部(312b)设置于所述第一本体(312a)的顶端；
    所述第二子端板(32)包括第二吊装部(324)，沿电池模组(100)的 高度方向，所述第二吊装部(324)设置于所述第二子端板(32)的顶端；
    所述第三子端板(33)包括第三吊装部(333)，沿电池模组(100)的高度方向，所述第三吊装部(333)设置于所述第三子端板(33)的顶端；
    所述第一吊装部(312b)、所述第二吊装部(324)和所述第三吊装部(333)连接后，形成用于吊装所述电池模组(100)的吊装部(5)。
  10. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，沿所述电池模组(100)的长度方向，所述第二子端板(32)一侧或两侧形成有加强筋(321)。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第三子端板(33)大体为平板结构，并且所述第三子端板(33)的表面设置用于粘结胶或缓冲垫的槽结构。
  12. 一种电池包，其特征在于，该电池包包括箱体和设置在箱体内的如权利要求1-11任意一项所述的电池模组。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池包，其特征在于，该箱体具有容置腔，在该容置腔内容置一个电池模组，或容置两个以上的电池模组，这些电池模组沿电池包的长度方向或宽度方向并排设置且各电池模组与箱体固定。
  14. 一种使用电池单体的装置，其特征在于，该装置包括根据权利要求1-11任意一项所述的电池模组或根据权利要求12-13任意一项所述的电池包。
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CN112310540A (zh) 2021-02-02
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