WO2019128990A1 - 一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法、外壳及移动终端 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法、外壳及移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019128990A1
WO2019128990A1 PCT/CN2018/123498 CN2018123498W WO2019128990A1 WO 2019128990 A1 WO2019128990 A1 WO 2019128990A1 CN 2018123498 W CN2018123498 W CN 2018123498W WO 2019128990 A1 WO2019128990 A1 WO 2019128990A1
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Prior art keywords
plastic shell
shell material
paint
coating
treatment
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PCT/CN2018/123498
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭世晓
杨朋杰
朱佐庭
苏东水
曾翠霞
熊立
叶富强
许永德
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捷开通讯(深圳)有限公司
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Publication of WO2019128990A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019128990A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/006—Producing casings, e.g. accumulator cases

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of mobile terminal technologies, and in particular, to a method, a housing, and a mobile terminal for processing a ceramic appearance textured casing.
  • the production cycle is long, sintering In a single process, the time needs to be at least one week.
  • a set of ceramic battery covers requires at least several hundred yuan or more, and the production capacity is limited.
  • the technical problem mainly solved by the present application is to provide a processing method, a casing and a mobile terminal for a ceramic appearance textured outer casing, which can shorten the production cycle, reduce the production cost, and increase the production capacity.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present application is to provide a casing including a plastic shell material and a treatment agent or a silver powder primer layer, a color paint layer and a bottom layer which are sequentially disposed on the plastic shell material.
  • a lacquer layer an optical grade ceramic coating layer, a middle lacquer layer and a top lacquer layer; wherein the plastic shell material is obtained by injection molding the outer shell mold; the surface of the plastic shell material is pretreated, and the plastic shell material is further processed The surface is treated with a treatment agent or a silver powder primer to obtain a treatment agent or a silver powder primer layer; the surface of the plastic shell material is subjected to a color paint spraying treatment to obtain a color paint layer; and the surface of the plastic shell material is subjected to a bottom.
  • the paint is sprayed to obtain a primer layer; the surface of the plastic shell is subjected to optical grade ceramic coating treatment, and the coating is colored coating to obtain an optical grade ceramic coating layer; by spraying the surface of the plastic shell material to obtain a paint Medium lacquer layer; by applying a top coat to the surface of the plastic shell material to obtain a top coat layer, an outer shell having a ceramic appearance texture is further obtained.
  • a processing method for a ceramic appearance textured outer casing which comprises performing an injection molding process on a mold of the outer casing to obtain a plastic shell material and a plastic shell material.
  • the surface is pretreated, and the surface of the plastic shell material is treated with a treatment agent or a silver powder primer, and the surface of the plastic shell material is subjected to a color paint spraying treatment, and the surface of the plastic shell material is subjected to a primer spraying treatment, and the plastic shell material is applied to the plastic shell material.
  • the surface is subjected to optical grade ceramic coating treatment, and the coating is colored coating, the surface of the plastic shell material is sprayed with lacquer, and the surface of the plastic shell material is sprayed with a top coat to obtain a ceramic appearance texture.
  • another technical solution adopted by the present application is to provide a mobile terminal, which includes the above casing.
  • the beneficial effects of the present application are: by injection molding a mold of the outer shell to obtain a plastic shell material, pretreating the surface of the plastic shell material, and performing a treatment agent or a silver powder primer on the surface of the plastic shell material, The surface of the plastic shell material is sprayed with a color paint, and the surface of the plastic shell material is subjected to a primer spray treatment, and the surface of the plastic shell material is subjected to optical grade ceramic coating treatment, and the coating film is colored coating, and the surface of the plastic shell material is sprayed with paint.
  • the surface of the plastic shell material is sprayed with a top coat to obtain a ceramic appearance texture, which can shorten the production cycle of the outer shell, reduce production cost, and increase productivity.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for processing a ceramic appearance textured outer casing according to the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a plastic shell of an injection molded outer casing in a method for processing a ceramic appearance textured outer casing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a casing in an embodiment of a method for processing a ceramic appearance textured casing according to the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of another embodiment of a method for processing a ceramic appearance textured outer casing according to the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a plastic shell of an injection molded outer casing in another embodiment of a method for processing a ceramic appearance textured outer casing according to the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a casing in another embodiment of a method for processing a ceramic appearance textured casing according to the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a color lacquer layer and a coating layer in a conventional process
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a mobile terminal according to the present application.
  • references to "an embodiment” herein mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearances of the phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiments, and are not exclusive or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive. Those skilled in the art will understand and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for processing a ceramic appearance textured outer casing according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the processing method of the ceramic appearance texture outer casing may include the following steps:
  • the outer casing refers to the outermost structural member that is used to support, connect the motor, the transmission mechanism, the switch, the handle and the attachment to make it a complete power tool entity.
  • the outer casing can be divided into a metal outer casing, a plastic outer casing, etc., and the outer casing is generally applied to mechanical products, digital products, and lighting products.
  • the outer casing may be a mobile phone casing.
  • Mold industrial production of various molds and tools for injection molding, blow molding, extrusion, die casting or forging, smelting, stamping, etc. to obtain the desired product.
  • Injection molding is a method for producing a shape of an industrial product.
  • the product is usually molded by rubber injection molding and plastic injection.
  • the materials used for injection molding in this embodiment are not specifically limited.
  • a suitable outer casing mold can be selected according to requirements, and then injection molded in the outer casing mold to obtain a plastic outer casing of the outer casing, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is the present application.
  • a method for processing a ceramic appearance texture outer casing A structural view of a plastic shell material of an injection molded outer casing in an embodiment.
  • the plastic shell material 110 of the outer casing injection molded in this step S11 is used for spraying treatment in the following step S13. Or silver powder primer treatment.
  • the plastic shell material 110 obtained by the injection molding process in the above step S11 needs to be pretreated, that is, removed, in the step S12 before the treatment agent or the silver powder primer spraying treatment is performed in the following step S13.
  • the staining during the injection molding the method of cleaning the dirt is selected according to the actual situation, such as degreasing, dusting, drying, etc., after which the following step S13 can be performed to perform the surface of the plastic shell material 110.
  • Treatment agent or silver powder primer spray treatment is performed according to the actual situation, such as degreasing, dusting, drying, etc.
  • the plastic shell material 110 obtained in the above step S11 is subjected to a spray treatment agent or a silver powder primer treatment, wherein the treatment agent is used to improve paint adhesion and cover defects formed during injection molding, and then The sprayed treatment agent or the silver powder primer is treated to cure the treatment agent or the silver powder primer.
  • the treatment agent or the silver powder primer may be selected according to actual conditions, which is not limited herein.
  • the first type is a non-transformation type, generally refers to a physical film formation method, that is, mainly relies on volatilization of a solvent or other dispersion medium in a coating film, and the viscosity of the coating film is gradually increased to form a solid coating film.
  • a non-transformation type generally refers to a physical film formation method, that is, mainly relies on volatilization of a solvent or other dispersion medium in a coating film, and the viscosity of the coating film is gradually increased to form a solid coating film.
  • acrylic paint chlorinated rubber paint, asphalt paint, vinyl paint, etc.
  • the second type is a conversion type, which generally refers to a chemical reaction that takes place during the film formation process, and the coating mainly relies on a chemical reaction to form a film.
  • This film formation is a process in which a film-forming substance in a coating polymerizes a coating film called a polymer after application, and can be said to be a special polymer synthesis method, which completely follows the polymer synthesis reaction mechanism. For example: alkyd coatings, epoxy coatings, polyurethane coatings, phenolic coatings, etc., but modern coatings are mostly not a single way to form a film, but rely on a variety of ways to finally form a film.
  • the obtained plastic shell material 110 is sprayed with a primer, but in this embodiment, the plastic shell material is not directly applied. 110 spraying a layer of primer, but spraying the surface of the plastic shell material 110 with a spray treatment agent or a silver powder primer, and then spraying the surface of the plastic shell material 110 in the following step S14, and then in the following step S15.
  • the surface of the plastic shell material 110 is subjected to a primer spray treatment.
  • the molded plastic shell material 110 obtained in the above step S13 is subjected to a paint coloring treatment, and then the sprayed color paint is processed to cure the color paint, wherein the color paint may be a solid color paint or may be It is a semi-transparent paint, and the paint can be selected according to the actual situation, which is not limited here.
  • step S15 the surface of the plastic shell 110 subjected to the paint spraying treatment on the surface of the plastic shell material 110 in the above step S14 is subjected to primer spraying treatment, and then the sprayed primer is processed to cure the primer.
  • the primer can be selected according to the actual situation, and is not limited herein.
  • step S16 the surface of the plastic shell material 110 in the above step S15 is subjected to a primer spraying treatment, and then an optical grade ceramic coating treatment is performed, wherein the coating film is a colored coating film, and the color of the coating film can be selected according to actual conditions, where Not limited.
  • the coating is coated with a very thin transparent film on the surface, in order to obtain suitable reflected light and transmitted light, anti-ultraviolet light and low glare and ghosting; different color coatings also make the image color balance different.
  • Optical coatings are fabricated from a combination of film layers that create interference effects to improve transmission or reflection properties within the optical system.
  • the performance of an optical coating depends on the number of layers, the thickness of the individual layers, and the refractive index of the different layer interfaces.
  • the surface of the plastic shell material 110 is subjected to optical grade ceramic coating treatment, and the coating film is a colored coating film.
  • the surface of the plastic shell material 110 is placed under the optical coating layer, and the plating layer is a semi-permeable film layer. It can pass through the color lacquer layer, and the coating layer and the color lacquer layer can be combined to give a color appearance effect.
  • the surface of the plastic shell 110 is spray-painted by performing the following step S17.
  • the surface of the plastic shell material 110 subjected to the optical grade ceramic coating treatment on the surface of the plastic shell material 110 in the above step S16 is subjected to a lacquer spraying treatment, and then the lacquer is processed to cure the lacquer.
  • the medium paint can be a transparent paint or an opaque paint, and the medium paint can be selected according to actual conditions, which is not limited herein.
  • step S17 After the lacquering of the surface of the plastic shell material 110 in this step S17, the following step S18 is performed to spray the surface of the plastic shell material 110.
  • FIG. 3 is an embodiment of a processing method for the ceramic appearance texture shell of the present application.
  • Schematic diagram of the outer casing 100 The outer casing 100 includes a processing agent or a silver powder primer layer 120, a color paint layer 130, a primer layer 140, and an optical grade ceramic coating layer 150, which are sequentially disposed on the plastic shell 110 of the injection molded outer casing. Paint layer 160 and topcoat layer 170.
  • the mold of the outer casing is subjected to injection molding processing to obtain a plastic shell material, and the surface of the plastic shell material is pretreated, and the surface of the plastic shell material is treated with a treatment agent or a silver powder primer, and the plastic shell material is coated.
  • the surface is painted with a color paint, the surface of the plastic shell material is subjected to a primer spray treatment, and the surface of the plastic shell material is subjected to an optical grade ceramic coating treatment, the coating film is a colored coating film, and the surface of the plastic shell material is sprayed with a lacquer, and the plastic shell is coated with a plastic shell.
  • the surface of the material is sprayed with a top coat to obtain a ceramic appearance texture, which can shorten the production cycle of the outer casing, reduce production costs, and increase productivity.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of another embodiment of a method for processing a ceramic appearance textured outer casing according to the present application.
  • the processing method of the ceramic appearance texture outer casing may include the following steps:
  • the hole mark processing is also performed on the mold, wherein the marked hole position may be a headphone hole, a sound hole, a camera hole, etc., so that the surface of the plastic shell material can be sprayed after the top coat is applied.
  • CNC hole processing Generally, when the mold is processed in advance, the mold is directly subjected to the opening treatment. At this time, the original hole is formed on the plastic shell material obtained by the injection molding process in the following step S22, and the oil is accumulated in the hole position.
  • the hole mark is first performed on the mold, and the CNC opening treatment is performed after the surface coating of the plastic shell material is sprayed, which can effectively avoid the occurrence of problems such as oil accumulation and fat edge at the hole position.
  • the injection molding process is performed in the following step S22.
  • the injection molding machine has a 180T machine or 220T.
  • the 180T machine is selected in the embodiment, and the machine can also be adjusted according to the actual operation.
  • the temperature of the injection molding is insulated/cooled by using the mold temperature machine, and the mold temperature machine is an oil temperature machine.
  • the mold temperature machine is also called temperature control machine, and includes temperature control in two aspects of heating and freezing.
  • the water temperature temperature machine and the oil temperature machine.
  • the mold temperature machine is an oil temperature machine, which can reduce the defects such as weld lines. Appearance.
  • the mold temperature machine is composed of a water tank, a heating and cooling system, a power transmission system, a liquid level control system, a temperature sensor, an injection port and the like.
  • the pump in the power transmission system allows hot fluid to pass from the tank containing the built-in heater and cooler, and back to the tank; the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the hot fluid and transmits the data to the controller of the control section.
  • the controller adjusts the temperature of the hot fluid to indirectly adjust the temperature.
  • the mold temperature machine is composed of a water tank, a heating and cooling system, a power transmission system, a liquid level control system, a temperature sensor, an injection port and the like.
  • the pump in the power transmission system allows hot fluid to pass from the tank containing the built-in heater and cooler, and back to the tank; the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the hot fluid and transmits the data to the controller of the control section. The controller adjusts the temperature of the hot fluid to indirectly adjust the temperature.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the plastic shell of the outer shell of the injection molded shell in another embodiment of the processing method of the ceramic appearance texture shell of the present application.
  • the plastic shell 210 of the outer casing injection molded in this step S22 is used for the spray treatment agent or the silver powder primer treatment in the following step S24.
  • the plastic shell material 210 obtained by the injection molding process in the above step S22 needs to be pretreated, that is, removed, in the step S23 before the treatment agent or the silver powder primer spraying treatment is performed in the following step S24.
  • the staining during the injection molding the method of cleaning the dirt is selected according to the actual situation, such as degreasing, dusting, drying, etc.
  • the plastic shell material 210 is electrostatically dusted and degreased.
  • the following step S24 can be performed to perform the treatment agent or the silver powder primer spraying treatment on the surface of the plastic shell material 210.
  • S24 The surface of the plastic shell material is treated with a treatment agent or a silver powder primer.
  • step S24 the selection of the treatment agent or the silver powder primer is affected by the type of the color paint in the following step S25, so that step S24 and step S25 are collectively described below:
  • step S24 the plastic shell material 210 obtained in the above step S22 is subjected to a spray treatment agent or a silver powder primer treatment, wherein the treatment agent is used for improving paint adhesion and covering defects formed during injection molding, and then spraying
  • the treatment agent or silver powder primer is treated to cure the treatment agent or the silver powder primer.
  • the surface of the plastic shell material 210 is subjected to a PU type treatment agent or a silver powder primer, and the treatment agent or the silver powder primer can be selected according to the type of the color paint in the following step S25, and the color paint can be selected as a solid color paint.
  • Semi-transparent paint is also available, depending on the color desired. If the color paint of the color paint in step S25 is a solid color paint, the surface of the plastic shell material 210 is subjected to a treatment spraying treatment in step S24; if the color paint of the color paint in step S25 is a semi-transparent paint, then in the step In S24, the surface of the plastic shell material 210 is subjected to silver powder primer spraying treatment.
  • the film thickness of the PU type treatment agent or the silver powder primer is 6 to 10 ⁇ m, for example, 6 ⁇ m, 6.5 ⁇ m, 7 ⁇ m, 7.5 ⁇ m, 8 ⁇ m, 8.5 ⁇ m, 9 ⁇ m, 9.5 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m, etc.
  • baking PU type treatment A silver or silver primer to increase the strength of the film wherein the baking temperature is set to 80 degrees and the baking time is set to 15 minutes.
  • step S25 the plastic shell material 210 obtained in step S24 is subjected to a paint coloring treatment, and then the sprayed color paint is processed to cure the color paint, wherein the color paint can be selected according to actual conditions.
  • the surface of the plastic shell 210 is subjected to a thin paint treatment, wherein the film thickness of the paint is 5-8 ⁇ m, for example, 5 ⁇ m, 5.5 ⁇ m, 6 ⁇ m, 6.5 ⁇ m, 7 ⁇ m, 7.5 ⁇ m, 8 ⁇ m, etc.
  • the color paint is baked in step S25 to increase the film strength and solidify, wherein the baking temperature is set to 80 degrees, the baking time is set to 15 minutes, and the baking temperature and baking time can be adjusted according to actual operations.
  • the obtained plastic shell material 210 is sprayed with the primer, but in this embodiment, the primer is not directly sprayed, but the plastic shell material 210 is applied.
  • the surface is subjected to a spray treatment agent or a silver powder primer treatment, and after the surface of the plastic shell material 210 is sprayed with the color paint, the surface of the plastic shell material 210 is sprayed with a primer treatment in the following step S26.
  • the surface of the plastic shell material 210 subjected to the paint spraying treatment in the above step S25 is subjected to a primer spraying treatment.
  • the primer is a high leveling UV lacquer, that is, in the step S26, the surface of the plastic shell material 210 is sprayed with a high leveling UV lacquer, and the high leveling UV lacquer has the characteristics of high leveling property, and can ensure the following steps S27 before spraying.
  • the surface is smooth, and the high leveling UV paint has a film thickness of 20 to 25 ⁇ m, for example, 20 ⁇ m, 20.5 ⁇ m, 21 ⁇ m, 21.5 ⁇ m, 22 ⁇ m, 22.5 ⁇ m, 23 ⁇ m, 23.5 ⁇ m, 24 ⁇ m, 24.5 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, etc., and a high leveling UV paint is cured.
  • UV curing technology is a technique for obtaining a crosslinked coating film by rapid polymerization of a monomer/oligomer mixture. This rapid polymerization of UV system is carried out using a photoinitiator and high performance.
  • the lamp is realized in the embodiment, and the curing energy is 500-600 mj/cm 3 , for example, 500 mj/cm 3 , 550 mj/cm 3 , 600 mj/cm 3 , etc., and other embodiments are similar to the above methods, and are not used here. Narration.
  • step S26 after the surface of the plastic shell 210 after the paint-painting treatment in the above step S25 is subjected to the primer spraying treatment, the surface of the plastic shell 210 is subjected to an optical-grade ceramic coating treatment by performing the following step S27.
  • the surface of the plastic shell 210 after the primer treatment in the above step S26 is subjected to optical grade ceramic coating treatment, and the plastic shell 210 is placed in an optical coating machine for coating treatment, and the target of the coating is silicon. Titanium, zirconium and their oxides are alternately coated, and the target is used for plating on the surface of the plastic shell 210 in an optical coater to form a coating.
  • the coating is a colored coating, the color of the coating is the desired hue, and the film structure of the coating and the film thickness of the coating are used to control the color of the coating and the reflectivity of the coating.
  • the plastic shell material 210 obtained in the above step S26 is cleaned, it is placed in an optical coater to perform a vacuuming operation.
  • the optical coating machine for example, silicon, titanium, zirconium and its oxides are placed in the crucible as an evaporating substance, and a substrate such as metal, ceramic, plastic or the like is placed in front of the crucible to be plated, and the coating material is evaporated using an electron gun.
  • the coating material is placed in the crucible, the evaporation source of the electron gun is made into a filament shape, and a special control cabinet is used to add a strong current and a high voltage to the filament. Since the material of the filament is tungsten, the filament will heat up until the filament is heated.
  • the electrons are emitted, and then a certain magnetic field is used to gather the electrons into a certain shape and pull them onto the crucible, thus forming an electron beam. Since the electron beam temperature is very high, any coating material can be melted. When the coating material is melted by an electron beam (some materials are directly sublimated), the molecules (atoms or ions) of the material move linearly in a vacuum, and the electron beam can be deflected.
  • the angle is made at 270 degrees, and the evaporation source of the electron beam heating may also have an e-line electron gun with an e-type running trajectory, or a c-type electron gun with an electron beam deflection angle of 180 degrees and a running trajectory of c type, when the electron beam encounters The substrate is then condensed and grown in this manner to form a film.
  • the pressure and time at the time of vacuuming differ depending on the type of coating machine.
  • the vacuum is drawn to a pressure of 6*10-3PA to 9*10-4PA, for example, 6*10-3PA, 7*10- 3PA, 8*10-3PA, 9*10-3PA, 6*10-4PA, 7*10-4PA, 8*10-4PA, 9*10-4PA, etc.
  • the vacuuming time is 25-30 min, for example 25 min, 26 min, 27 min, 28 min, 29 min, 30 min, and the like.
  • the targets used in the coating are silicon, titanium, zirconium and their oxides.
  • the color of the coating is the desired hue, such as blue or gun color hue. The hue is the quality of the ground surface, and the hue of the coating color can pass.
  • the spectrum analyzer measures and controls within the corresponding spectrum.
  • the film structure of the coating is alternately coated with silicon, titanium, zirconium and its oxide.
  • the color and reflectivity of the coating can be controlled by the plating system and the film thickness.
  • the film structure of the coating is TiO2-SiO2-TiO2, the thickness of the coating.
  • the reflectance of the light is controlled by a spectrometer to be 40%, and the other colors can be similarly coated using the corresponding target, which is not limited herein.
  • the surface of the plastic shell 210 is subjected to optical grade ceramic coating treatment, and the coating is a colored coating.
  • the surface of the plastic shell 210 is placed under the optical coating layer, and the coating layer is a semipermeable membrane layer.
  • the color of the color lacquer layer can be made transparent, and the coating layer and the color lacquer layer can be combined to give a color appearance effect.
  • the surface of the plastic shell 210 subjected to the optical grade ceramic coating treatment is subjected to a lacquer spraying treatment, and then the plastic shell material 210 is treated to cure the lacquer.
  • the middle paint is a transparent PU paint, that is, the middle paint is a clear paint
  • the transparent PU paint has a film thickness of 6 to 7 ⁇ m, for example, 6 ⁇ m, 6.5 ⁇ m, 7 ⁇ m, and the like.
  • the medium lacquer is treated, it is also necessary to bake a transparent PU lacquer in which the baking temperature is 80 degrees and the baking time is set to 15 minutes.
  • the permeable PU paint is diluted with a diluent to adjust the viscosity of the lacquer coating, and the diluent is a weakly corrosive diluent.
  • the lacquer can be selected according to the actual situation and is not limited here.
  • the surface of the plastic shell 210 is sprayed with a topcoat by performing the following step S29.
  • the surface of the plastic shell material 210 subjected to the varnish treatment in the above step S28 is subjected to a top coat spraying treatment, and the top coat is selected to have a full-gloss and permeability UV paint, so that the surface of the plastic shell material 210 has Scratch-proof and wear-resistant effect.
  • the UV paint having full gloss and permeability has a thickness of 20 to 25 ⁇ m, for example, 20 ⁇ m, 20.5 ⁇ m, 21 ⁇ m, 21.5 ⁇ m, 22 ⁇ m, 22.5 ⁇ m, 23 ⁇ m, 23.5 ⁇ m, 24 ⁇ m, 24.5 ⁇ m, 25 ⁇ m, etc., plastic shell material 210 is treated to cure the topcoat.
  • the UV paint is baked, wherein the baking temperature is 80 degrees, the baking time is set to 6 to 7 minutes, and then the UV paint is cured, wherein the curing energy is 800 to 1000 mj/cm 3 , for example, 800 mj/cm 3 , 850 mj/cm 3 , 900mj/cm 3 , 950mj/cm 3 , 1000mj/cm 3 , etc., to obtain a casing having a ceramic appearance texture, as shown in FIG. 6 , FIG. 6 is another embodiment of a processing method for a ceramic appearance textured casing of the present application.
  • the outer casing 200 includes a treatment agent or a silver powder primer layer 220, a color paint layer 230, a primer layer 240, and an optical grade ceramic coating layer 250, which are sequentially disposed on the plastic shell 210 of the injection molded outer casing.
  • the metal bottom reflective layer is a solid color layer. If there is a spray paint before the coating, the color paint cannot pass through the NCVM (Non-Conductive).
  • NCVM Non-Conductive
  • Vacuum Metalize, non-conductive vacuum coating the target material is selected as the metal material In wire, In is heated and heated in a vacuum environment, can be freely moved in the vacuum, deposited on the surface of the plastic shell material, giving the plastic shell The metal surface of the material surface.
  • the color of the vacuum plating is realized by spraying the color paint layer after the coating, as shown in FIG. 7, FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the color lacquer layer and the coating layer in the conventional process, and the color lacquer layer 310 is disposed on the coating layer 320.
  • This method will have the following problems: light color paint layer, reflectivity is too high, reflected light glare; dark color paint layer, due to the high proportion of added color paste, the metal plating layer has a large proportion of reflectivity attenuation, metallic sense Weak, at the same time, there is a common problem in the paint spraying, which cannot be solved.
  • the color lacquer layer is placed under the optical plating film layer, and the plating layer is a semi-permeable film layer, which can pass through the color lacquer layer, and the coating layer and the color lacquer layer are combined to exhibit a color appearance effect, and the reflectance and the pass are passed.
  • the rate can be adjusted, and the coating after OPVM (Optical Vacuum Metalize) coating is a transparent coating.
  • the coating machine can choose magnetron sputtering coating machine or electron gun optical coating machine.
  • the target is silicon. Titanium, zirconium and their oxides are alternately coated to increase reflectivity and increase specularity, and can also effectively improve the problem of oil painting.
  • the mold of the outer casing is polished, and then the mold of the outer casing is subjected to injection molding processing to obtain a plastic shell material of the outer shell, and the plastic shell material is pretreated, that is, after electrostatic dust removal and degreasing treatment
  • Spray 6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ m treatment agent on the surface of injection molded plastic shell material then spray blue color paint with thickness of 5 ⁇ 8 ⁇ m, blue color paint is solid color paint, bake to completely cure the color paint layer, then spray high leveling transparent UV
  • the primer makes the coating on the surface of the plastic shell before the coating treatment smooth and level, and then the optical grade ceramic coating is applied to the surface of the plastic shell, that is, the reflective semi-permeable membrane coated with blue hue, wherein the coated film
  • the structure is TiO2-SiO2-TiO2, and the blue hue can be measured by a spectrum analyzer.
  • the reflectivity of the blue coating at 420 nm wavelength is controlled to about 45%.
  • the transparent lacquer and the transparent topcoat are sprayed.
  • the curing process can obtain a blue outer casing having a ceramic appearance texture, and the structure of the blue outer casing can be referred to FIG.
  • the mold of the outer casing is polished, and then the mold of the outer casing is subjected to injection molding processing to obtain a plastic shell material of the outer shell, and the plastic shell material is pre-treated, that is, after electrostatic dust removal and degreasing treatment, Spray 6 ⁇ 10 ⁇ m silver powder primer on the surface of injection molded plastic shell, spray gold paint with thickness of 5 ⁇ 8 ⁇ m, golden paint is semi-transparent paint, bake to completely cure the paint layer, then spray high level and transparent
  • the UV primer makes the coating on the surface of the plastic shell before the coating treatment smooth and level, and then the optical ceramic coating on the surface of the plastic shell, the reflective semi-transparent film coated with blue-violet hue, blue-violet hue can The reflectance of the blue-violet coating at a wavelength of 420 nm is controlled to about 35% by a spectrum analyzer. After the coating is completed, a transparent intermediate paint, a transparent top coat, and a corresponding curing treatment are performed to obtain a gold color
  • a carbon dioxide laser engraving process is performed on the side regions of the outer casing.
  • the outer shell 200 is obtained.
  • the outer shell 200 is further processed.
  • the side region of the outer shell 200 is subjected to carbon dioxide laser engraving treatment.
  • the outer casing 200 having a ceramic appearance texture can be made to have a double gloss effect, and the outer casing structure obtained in this step S29 is the same as the outer casing shown in FIG.
  • the mold of the outer casing is polished, the front surface of the mold of the outer casing is polished to the mirror level, and the mold of the outer casing is injection-molded, and the oil temperature machine is used for heat preservation/cooling during injection molding to obtain the plastic shell material of the outer casing.
  • the plastic shell material is subjected to electrostatic dust removal and degreasing treatment, and then the surface of the plastic shell material is treated with a treatment agent or a silver powder primer, and the surface of the plastic shell material is subjected to a color paint spraying process, and when the color paint is a solid color paint.
  • Spraying treatment agent spraying silver powder primer when the color paint is semi-transparent paint, and then spraying the surface of the plastic shell material with high leveling UV primer, then performing optical grade ceramic color on the surface of the plastic shell material in the optical coating machine Coating treatment, finally spraying the transparent shell paint on the surface of the plastic shell material, and UV paint with full high light and permeability as the top coat, obtaining the outer shell with ceramic appearance texture, and also the side of the outer shell after spraying the top coat
  • the area is subjected to carbon dioxide laser engraving to achieve a double-gloss effect on the outer shell with a ceramic appearance, which can shorten the production cycle of the outer casing. Low production costs, maximize productivity.
  • the present application provides another embodiment of an outer casing made by the above-described processing method.
  • the structure of the outer casing obtained by the above processing method in this embodiment is similar to the outer casing structure shown in Fig. 3.
  • a method for processing a casing can be specifically referred to FIG. 1 and will not be described herein.
  • This embodiment can shorten the production cycle of the outer casing, reduce the production cost, and increase the production capacity.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the mobile terminal 400 includes a housing 410.
  • the structure of the housing 410 is similar to the structure of the housing shown in FIG. Figure 1, here is not described.
  • the mobile terminal provided by the embodiment of the present application includes an electronic device such as a smart mobile terminal, a tablet computer, a smart wearable device, a digital audio and video player, an electronic reader, and a handheld game machine.
  • an electronic device such as a smart mobile terminal, a tablet computer, a smart wearable device, a digital audio and video player, an electronic reader, and a handheld game machine.
  • This embodiment can shorten the production cycle of the mobile terminal casing, reduce the production cost, and increase the production capacity.

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Abstract

一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法、外壳及移动终端，涉及移动终端技术领域。该加工方法包括对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理，以得到塑胶壳料（110，210），对塑胶壳料（110，210）的表面进行前处理，对塑胶壳料（110，210）的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料（110，210）的表面进行色漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料（110，210）的表面进行底漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料（110，210）的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，镀膜为有色镀膜，对塑胶壳料（110，210）的表面喷涂中漆，对塑胶壳料（110，210）的表面喷涂面漆，以得到具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳，能够缩短外壳的生产周期、降低生产成本、提高产能。

Description

一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法、外壳及移动终端 【技术领域】
本申请涉及移动终端技术领域，特别是涉及一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法、外壳及移动终端。
【背景技术】
随着技术的发展，终端外观变化越来越快，陶瓷外观效果的产品对消费者的吸引力越来越大，但使用陶瓷材质制作手机外壳，存在以下问题：其一，生产周期长，烧结单工序，时间至少需要一周；其二，制作成本高，一套陶瓷电池盖至少需要几百元以上成本，且产能有限。
【发明内容】
本申请主要解决的技术问题是提供一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法、外壳及移动终端，能够缩短生产周期、降低生产成本、提高产能。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种外壳，该外壳包括塑胶壳料和在所述塑胶壳料上依次设置的处理剂或者银粉底漆层、色漆层、底漆层、光学级陶瓷镀膜层、中漆层和面漆层；其中，通过对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理，以得到塑胶壳料；对塑胶壳料的表面进行前处理，进一步对塑胶壳料的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理，以得到处理剂或者银粉底漆层；通过对塑胶壳料的表面进行色漆喷涂处理，以得到色漆层；通过对塑胶壳料的表面进行底漆喷涂处理，以得到底漆层；通过对塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，镀膜为有色镀膜，以得到光学级陶瓷镀膜层；通过对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂中漆，以得到中漆层；通过对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆，以得到面漆层，进一步得到具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的另一个技术方案是：提供一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法，该加工方法包括对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理，以得到塑胶壳料，对塑胶壳料的表面进行前处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行色漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行底漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，镀膜为 有色镀膜，对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂中漆，对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆，以得到具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请采用的又一个技术方案是：提供一种移动终端，该移动终端包括上述外壳。
本申请的有益效果是：通过对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理，以得到塑胶壳料，对塑胶壳料的表面进行前处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行色漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行底漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，镀膜为有色镀膜，对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂中漆，对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆，以得到具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳，能够缩短外壳的生产周期、降低生产成本、提高产能。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法一实施例的流程示意图；
图2是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法一实施例中注塑成型的外壳的塑胶壳料的结构示意图；
图3是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法一实施例中外壳的结构示意图；
图4是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法另一实施例的流程示意图；
图5是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法另一实施例中注塑成型的外壳的塑胶壳料的结构示意图；
图6是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法另一实施例中外壳的结构示意图；
图7是传统工艺中色漆层与镀膜层的结构示意图；
图8是本申请一种移动终端一实施例的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的描述中，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
请参阅图1，图1是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法一实施例的流程示意图。在本实施例中，陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法可以包括以下步骤：
S11：对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理。
外壳，是指用支承、连接电动机、传动机构、开关、手柄及附属装置使之成为一个完整的电动工具实体的最外层结构件。按材质来分，外壳可以分为金属外壳，塑料外壳等，外壳一般应用在机械产品、数码产品及灯具产品多，在本实施例中，外壳可以是手机外壳。
模具，工业生产上用以注塑、吹塑、挤出、压铸或锻压成型、冶炼、冲压等方法得到所需产品的各种模子和工具。
注塑是一种工业产品生产造型的方法，产品通常使用橡胶注塑和塑料注塑，在本实施例中注塑所使用的材料具体不做限定。
在本步骤S11中，要想获得外壳，首先可以根据需求选择合适的外壳模具，然后在外壳的模具中注塑成型，以得到外壳的塑胶壳料，具体如图2所示，图2是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法一实施例中注塑成型的外壳的塑胶壳料的结构示意图，在本步骤S11中注塑成型的外壳的塑胶壳料110是用于下述步骤S13中进行喷涂处理剂或者银粉底漆处理。
S12：对塑胶壳料的表面进行前处理。
上述步骤S11中通过注塑成型处理得到的塑胶壳料110，在下述步骤S13中 进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理之前，需要在本步骤S12中对塑胶壳料110的表面进行前处理，即去除在上述步骤S11中注塑成型时的脏污，清理脏污的方法根据实际情况进行选择，例如除油、除尘、干燥等等，之后才能够执行下述步骤S13，对塑胶壳料110的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理。
S13：对塑胶壳料的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理。
在本步骤S13中，是将上述步骤S11中获得的塑胶壳料110进行喷涂处理剂或者银粉底漆处理，其中，处理剂是用于提高油漆附着力及遮盖注塑成型时形成的不良，然后将喷涂的处理剂或者银粉底漆进行处理以使处理剂或者银粉底漆固化，其中处理剂或者银粉底漆可以根据实际情况进行选择，此处不作限定。
一般来说，在塑胶壳料110表面喷涂只是完成了涂料成膜的第一步，还要继续进行变成固态连续膜的过程，才能完成全部的涂料成膜过程。这个由“湿膜”变为“干膜”的过程通常称为“干燥”或“固化”。这个干燥和固化的过程是涂料成膜过程的核心。不同形态和组成的涂料有各自的成膜机理，成膜机理是由涂料所用的成膜物质的性质决定的。通常我们将涂料的成膜发生分为两大类：
第一种是非转化型，一般指物理成膜方式，即主要依靠涂膜中的溶剂或其它分散介质的挥发，涂膜粘度逐渐增大而形成固体涂膜。例如：丙烯酸涂料、氯化橡胶涂料、沥青漆、乙烯涂料等。
第二种是转化型，一般指成膜过程中发生了化学反应，及涂料主要依靠化学反应发生成膜。这种成膜就是涂料中的成膜物质在施工后聚合称为高聚物的涂膜的过程，可以说是一种特殊的高聚物合成方式，它完全遵循高分子合成反应机理。例如：醇酸涂料、环氧涂料、聚氨酯涂料、酚醛涂料等，但现代的涂料大多不是一种单一的方式成膜，而是依靠多种方式最终成膜的。
一般来说，在上述步骤S11中将外壳的模具进行注塑成型后得到的塑胶壳料110后，对得到的塑胶壳料110喷涂一层底漆，但本实施例中并不是直接对塑胶壳料110喷涂一层底漆，而是对塑胶壳料110的表面进行喷涂处理剂或者银粉底漆处理，然后在下述步骤S14中对塑胶壳料110的表面喷涂色漆，之后才在下述步骤S15中对塑胶壳料110的表面进行底漆喷涂处理。
S14：对塑胶壳料的表面进行色漆喷涂处理。
在本步骤S14中，是将上述步骤S13中获得的模塑胶壳料110进行喷涂色 漆处理，然后将喷涂的色漆进行处理以使色漆固化，其中色漆可以是实色色漆，也可以是半透色漆，色漆可以根据实际情况进行选择，此处不作限定。
S15：对塑胶壳料的表面进行底漆喷涂处理。
在本步骤S15中，将上述步骤S14中对塑胶壳料110的表面进行色漆喷涂处理后的塑胶壳料110表面进行底漆喷涂处理，然后将喷涂的底漆进行处理以使底漆进行固化，其中底漆可以根据实际情况进行选择，此处不作限定。
S16：对塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理。
在本步骤S16中，将上述步骤S15中对塑胶壳料110的表面进行底漆喷涂处理后进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，其中，镀膜为有色镀膜，镀膜的颜色可以根据实际情况进行选择，此处不作限定。
镀膜是在表面镀上非常薄的透明薄膜，目的是希望获得合适的反射光和透射光，抗紫外线并抑低耀光、鬼影；不同颜色的镀膜，也使得成像色彩平衡的不同。
光学镀膜由薄膜层组合制作而成，它产生干扰效应来提高光学系统内的透射率或反射性能。光学镀膜的性能取决于层数、个别层的厚度和不同的层接口折射率。
在本步骤S16中，对塑胶壳料110的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，镀膜为有色镀膜，塑胶壳料110的表面将色漆层置于光学镀膜层下，镀层为半透性膜层，可以透过色漆层，镀膜层与色漆层复合可以呈现颜色外观效果。在本步骤S16中对塑胶壳料110的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理后，执行下述步骤S17对塑胶壳料110的表面喷涂中漆。
S17：对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂中漆。
在本步骤S17中，将上述步骤S16中对塑胶壳料110的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理后的塑胶壳料110表面进行中漆喷涂处理，然后将中漆进行处理以使中漆进行固化，其中，中漆可以为透明漆也可以为不透明漆，中漆可以根据实际情况进行选择，此处不作限定。
在本步骤S17中对塑胶壳料110的表面喷涂中漆后，执行下述步骤S18，对塑胶壳料110的表面喷涂面漆。
S18：对塑胶壳料110的表面喷涂面漆。
在本步骤S18中，将上述步骤S17中对塑胶壳料110的表面喷涂中漆处理后的塑胶壳料110表面进行面漆喷涂处理，然后将塑胶壳料110进行处理以使 面漆进行固化，其中，面漆可以根据实际情况进行选择，此处不作限定，最终得到具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳，具体如图3所示，图3是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法一实施例中外壳的结构示意图，外壳100包括，在注塑成型的外壳的塑胶壳料110上依次设置有处理剂或者银粉底漆层120、色漆层130、底漆层140、光学级陶瓷镀膜层150、中漆层160以及面漆层170。
本实施例通过对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理，以得到塑胶壳料，对塑胶壳料的表面进行前处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行色漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行底漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，镀膜为有色镀膜，对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂中漆，对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆，以得到具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳，能够缩短外壳的生产周期、降低生产成本、提高产能。
请参阅图4，图4是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法另一实施例的流程示意图。在本实施例中，陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法可以包括以下步骤：
S21：对外壳的模具进行抛光处理。
在本实施例中，对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理之前，还需要对进行抛光处理，以将模具的正面抛光至镜面级别，使得注塑成型的塑胶壳料的表面也是镜面级别。在本步骤S21中，还在模具上进行孔位标记处理，其中，标记的孔位可以是耳机孔、出音孔、摄像头孔等等，使得在对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆之后可以进行CNC开孔处理。一般来说，对模具进行提前处理时，都会直接对模具进行开孔处理，此时会在下述步骤S22中进行注塑成型处理得到的塑胶壳料上形成原生孔，会出现在孔位位置积油、肥边等问题。在本实施例中，模具上先进行孔位标记，在对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆之后才进行CNC开孔处理，能够有效地避免在孔位位置积油、肥边等问题的发生。
在本步骤S21中对进行抛光处理后的是用于在下述步骤S22中进行注塑成型处理。
S22：对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理。
在本步骤S22中，要想获得外壳，则需要根据需求选择合适的外壳模具，然后在外壳的模具中注塑成型，以得到外壳的塑胶壳料，一般来说，注塑机有180T机台或220T机台，在本实施例中选择180T机台，机台也可以根据实际操作进行调整，同时使用模温机对注塑时的温度进行保温/冷却，模温机为油温机。
模温机又叫温度控制机，包含加温和冷冻两个方面的温度控制，一般分水 温机、油温机，在本实施例中，模温机为油温机，能够减少熔接痕等不良的出现。
模温机由水箱、加热冷却系统、动力传输系统、液位控制系统以及温度传感器、注入口等器件组成。通常情况下，动力传输系统中的泵使热流体从装有内置加热器和冷却器的水箱中到达，再从回到水箱；温度传感器测量热流体的温度并把数据传送到控制部分的控制器；控制器调节热流体的温度，从而间接调节的温度。模温机由水箱、加热冷却系统、动力传输系统、液位控制系统以及温度传感器、注入口等器件组成。通常情况下，动力传输系统中的泵使热流体从装有内置加热器和冷却器的水箱中到达，再从回到水箱；温度传感器测量热流体的温度并把数据传送到控制部分的控制器；控制器调节热流体的温度，从而间接调节的温度。
在本步骤S22中注塑成型的外壳的塑胶壳料具体如图5所示，图5是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法另一实施例中注塑成型的外壳的塑胶壳料的结构示意图，在本步骤S22中注塑成型的外壳的塑胶壳料210是用于下述步骤S24中进行喷涂处理剂或者银粉底漆处理。
S23：对塑胶壳料的表面进行前处理。
上述步骤S22中通过注塑成型处理得到的塑胶壳料210，在下述步骤S24中进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理之前，需要在本步骤S23中对塑胶壳料210的表面进行前处理，即去除在上述步骤S22中注塑成型时的脏污，清理脏污的方法根据实际情况进行选择，例如除油、除尘、干燥等等，在本实施例中是对塑胶壳料210进行静电除尘及除油处理，之后才能够执行下述步骤S24，对塑胶壳料210的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理。
S24：对塑胶壳料的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理。
S25：对塑胶壳料的表面进行色漆喷涂处理。
在步骤S24中，处理剂或者银粉底漆的选择，是受到下述步骤S25中色漆的类型的影响，因此下面将步骤S24与步骤S25放到一起进行说明：
在步骤S24中，是将上述步骤S22中获得的塑胶壳料210进行喷涂处理剂或者银粉底漆处理，其中，处理剂是用于提高油漆附着力及遮盖注塑成型时形成的不良，然后将喷涂的处理剂或者银粉底漆进行处理以使处理剂或者银粉底漆固化。
具体来说，对塑胶壳料210的表面进行PU型的处理剂或者银粉底漆，处理 剂或者银粉底漆可以根据下述步骤S25中色漆的类型进行选择，色漆可选实色色漆，也可选半透色漆，根据所需颜色而定。若步骤S25中色漆的色漆为实色色漆，则在步骤S24中对塑胶壳料210的表面进行处理剂喷涂处理；若步骤S25中色漆的色漆为半透色漆，则在步骤S24中对塑胶壳料210的表面进行银粉底漆喷涂处理。其中，PU型的处理剂或者银粉底漆的膜厚为6～10μm，例如6μm、6.5μm、7μm、7.5μm、8μm、8.5μm、9μm、9.5μm、10μm等等，烘烤PU型的处理剂或者银粉底漆以增加膜层强度，其中烘烤温度设置为80度，烘烤时间设置为15min。
在步骤S25中，是将步骤S24中获得的塑胶壳料210进行喷涂色漆处理，然后将喷涂的色漆进行处理以使色漆固化，其中色漆可以根据实际情况进行选择。在本实施例中，对塑胶壳料210的表面进行薄涂色漆处理，其中色漆的膜厚为5～8μm，例如5μm、5.5μm、6μm、6.5μm、7μm、7.5μm、8μm等等，在步骤S25中烘烤色漆以增加膜强度并使其固化，其中烘烤温度设置为80度，烘烤时间设置为15min，烘烤温度与烘烤时间可根据实际操作进行调整。
一般来说，在上述步骤S22中对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理后，会对得到的塑胶壳料210喷涂底漆，但本实施例中并不是直接喷涂底漆，而是对塑胶壳料210的表面进行喷涂处理剂或者银粉底漆处理，对塑胶壳料210的表面喷涂色漆后，才在下述步骤S26中对塑胶壳料210的表面喷涂底漆处理。
S26：对塑胶壳料210的表面进行底漆喷涂处理。
在本步骤S26中，将上述步骤S25进行色漆喷涂处理后的塑胶壳料210的表面进行底漆喷涂处理。其中，底漆为高流平UV漆，即在本步骤S26中对塑胶壳料210的表面喷涂高流平UV漆，高流平UV漆具有流平性高的特点，在喷涂时能够保证下述步骤S27处理前的表面平滑，高流平UV漆的膜厚为20～25μm，例如20μm、20.5μm、21μm、21.5μm、22μm、22.5μm、23μm、23.5μm、24μm、24.5μm、25μm等等，固化高流平UV漆，其中UV固化技术是通过一种单体/低聚物的混合物的快速聚合而获得一种也可交联的涂膜的一种技术，UV体系的这种快速聚合是用光引发剂和高性能的灯来实现的，在本实施例中固化能量为500-600mj/cm 3，例如500mj/cm 3、550mj/cm 3、600mj/cm 3等等，其他实施方式与上述方法类似，此处不做赘述。
在本步骤S26中，将上述步骤S25中喷涂色漆处理后的塑胶壳料210表面进行底漆喷涂处理后，执行下述步骤S27对塑胶壳料210的表面进行光学级陶 瓷镀膜处理。
S27：对塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理。
在本步骤S27中，将上述步骤S26中喷涂底漆处理后的塑胶壳料210表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，将塑胶壳料210放入光学镀膜机中进行镀膜处理，镀膜的靶材为硅、钛、锆及其氧化物交替镀膜，靶材用于在光学镀膜机中镀到塑胶壳料210的表面以形成镀膜。其中，镀膜为有色镀膜，镀膜的颜色为所需的色相，镀膜的膜系结构与镀膜的膜厚用于控制镀膜的颜色和镀膜的反射率。
具体来说，将上述步骤S26中获得的塑胶壳料210清洁干净后，放入光学镀膜机中进行抽真空操作。在光学镀膜机中，如硅、钛、锆及其氧化物等作为蒸发物质置于坩埚内，如金属、陶瓷、塑料等基片作为待镀工件置于坩埚前方，使用电子枪蒸发镀膜材料。具体来说，将镀膜材料放在坩埚里面，电子枪的蒸发源制作成灯丝形状，采用一专门的控制柜，对灯丝加一强电流、高电压，由于灯丝的材料是钨，所以灯丝会发热直至发射电子，再采用一定的磁场将电子聚集成一定形状并牵引到坩埚上，这样就形成了一股电子束。由于电子束温度非常高，可以熔化任何镀膜材料，当镀膜材料被电子束熔化后(有些材料是直接升华)，材料的分子(原子或者离子)在真空中成直线运动，可以将电子束的偏转角制作成270度，电子束加热的蒸发源还可以有运行轨迹为e型的e行电子枪，或者电子束偏转角180度、运行轨迹为c型的c型电子枪两种，当电子束遇到基板后凝结下来，经过这种方式生长以形成薄膜。
抽真空时的压强与时间视镀膜机种类不同而不同，在本实施例中，将真空抽至压强为6*10-3PA～9*10-4PA，例如6*10-3PA、7*10-3PA、8*10-3PA、9*10-3PA、6*10-4PA、7*10-4PA、8*10-4PA、9*10-4PA等等，抽真空的时间为25～30min，例如25min、26min、27min、28min、29min、30min等等。镀膜时所用靶材为硅、钛、锆及其氧化物，镀膜的颜色为所需的色相，例如蓝色或枪色色相，其中色相为色彩所呈现出来的质地面貌，镀膜颜色的色相可以通过光谱分析仪测量，控制在相应的光谱内。镀膜的膜系结构为硅、钛、锆及其氧化物交替镀膜，镀层颜色和反射率可以通过镀层体系以及膜厚来控制，例如，镀膜的膜系结构为TiO2-SiO2-TiO2，镀膜的厚度为140nm，使用光谱分析仪测量以控制光线的反射率为40％，其他颜色可以使用相应靶材进行类似镀膜，此处不作限定。
在本步骤S27中，对塑胶壳料210的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，镀膜为有色镀膜，塑胶壳料210的表面将色漆层置于光学镀膜层下，镀膜层为半透 性膜层，可以使色漆层的颜色透出来，镀膜层与色漆层复合可以呈现颜色外观效果。在本步骤S27中对塑胶壳料210的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理后，执行下述步骤S28对塑胶壳料210表面继续喷涂中漆。
S28：对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂中漆。
在本步骤S28中，将进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理后的塑胶壳料210表面进行中漆喷涂处理，然后将塑胶壳料210进行处理以使中漆进行固化。其中，中漆为通透性PU漆，即中漆为透明漆，通透性PU漆的膜厚为6～7μm，例如6μm、6.5μm、7μm等等。对中漆进行处理时，还需烘烤通透性PU漆，其中烘烤温度为80度，烘烤时间设置为15min。在本步骤S28中，用稀释剂对通透性PU漆进行稀释以调整中漆镀膜的粘度，稀释剂为弱腐蚀性稀释剂。中漆可以根据实际情况进行选择，此处不作限定。
在本步骤S28中对塑胶壳料210的表面喷涂中漆后，执行下述步骤S29对塑胶壳料210表面喷涂面漆。
S29：对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆。
在本步骤S29中，将上述步骤S28中进行喷涂中漆处理后的塑胶壳料210表面进行面漆喷涂处理，面漆选择具有全高光和通透性的UV油漆，使得塑胶壳料210表面具有防刮、耐磨的效果。具有全高光和通透性的UV油漆的厚度为20～25μm，例如20μm、20.5μm、21μm、21.5μm、22μm、22.5μm、23μm、23.5μm、24μm、24.5μm、25μm等等，塑胶壳料210进行处理以使面漆进行固化。首先烘烤UV油漆，其中烘烤温度为80度，烘烤时间设置为6～7min，然后固化UV油漆，其中固化能量为800～1000mj/cm 3，例如800mj/cm 3、850mj/cm 3、900mj/cm 3、950mj/cm 3、1000mj/cm 3等等，得到具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳，具体如图6所示，图6是本申请一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法另一实施例中外壳的结构示意图，外壳200包括，在注塑成型的外壳的塑胶壳料210上依次设置有处理剂或者银粉底漆层220、色漆层230、底漆层240、光学级陶瓷镀膜层250、中漆层260以及面漆层270。
一般来说，在现有技术如真空镀工艺中，首先镀出银色的金属色，金属底反射层为实色层，镀膜前如果有喷色漆，色漆是无法透过NCVM(Non-Conductive Vacuum Metalize，非导电真空镀膜)镀层的，其靶材选择金属材料In丝，In在真空环境中被加热升温气化后，可以在真空中自由运动，沉积在塑胶壳料表面上，赋予塑胶壳料表面金属质感。真空镀实现颜色是通过镀膜后喷涂色漆层实 现颜色的，具体如图7所示，图7是传统工艺中色漆层与镀膜层的结构示意图，色漆层310设置于镀膜层320上。这种方法会存在以下问题：浅色系色漆层，反射率太高，反射光线刺目；深色系色漆层，由于加入色浆比例高，对金属镀层反射率衰减比例较大，金属感弱，同时色漆喷涂存在共性问题油花问题，无法解决。
而在本实施例中，将色漆层置于光学镀镀膜层下，镀层为半透性膜层，可以透过色漆层，镀膜层与色漆层复合呈现颜色外观效果，反射率与通过率可以调节，同时OPVM(Optical Vacuum Metalize，光学级真空镀膜)镀膜完成后的涂层为通透涂层，镀膜机可以选择磁控溅射镀膜机或者电子枪式光学镀膜机，靶材选择硅、钛、锆及其氧化物交替镀膜，可以提升反射率，增加镜面感，还可以有效的改善油花问题。使用本实施例中的方法，可以做出传统工艺做不到的颜色效果，例如陶瓷白、珠光幻彩高亮等效果。
对于上述步骤S21至步骤S29，下面以蓝色和金色为例进行说明：
以蓝色为例，首先对外壳的模具进行抛光处理，然后对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理，以得到外壳的塑胶壳料，对塑胶壳料进行前处理，即进行静电除尘及除油处理后，在注塑成型的塑胶壳料表面喷涂6～10μm处理剂，再喷厚度为5～8μm的蓝色色漆，蓝色色漆为实色色漆，烘烤使色漆层固化完全，然后喷涂高流平透明UV底漆，使得镀膜处理前塑胶壳料表面的涂层保持平整且流平好，接着对塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，即镀蓝色色相的反射半透膜，其中镀膜的膜系结构为TiO2-SiO2-TiO2，蓝色色相可以通过光谱分析仪测量，将420nm波长的蓝色镀膜的反射率控制在45％左右，镀膜完成后再喷涂透明中漆、透明面漆，相应进行固化处理，即可得到具有陶瓷外观质感的蓝色的外壳，蓝色外壳的结构可参考图6。
以金色为例，首先对外壳的模具进行抛光处理，然后对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理，以得到外壳的塑胶壳料，对塑胶壳料进行前处理，即进行静电除尘及除油处理后，在注塑成型的塑胶壳料表面喷涂6～10μm银粉底漆，再喷厚度为5～8μm的金色色漆，金色色漆为半透色漆，烘烤使色漆层固化完全，然后喷涂高流平透明UV底漆，使得镀膜处理前塑胶壳料表面的涂层保持平整且流平好，接着对塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，镀蓝紫色色相的反射半透膜，蓝紫色色相可以通过光谱分析仪测量，将420nm波长的蓝紫色镀膜的反射率控制在35％左右，镀膜完成后再喷涂透明中漆、透明面漆，相应进行固 化处理，即可得到具有陶瓷外观质感的金色的外壳，金色外壳的结构可参考图6。
S30：对外壳的侧边区域进行二氧化碳镭雕处理。
可选地，对外壳的侧边区域进行二氧化碳镭雕处理。
具体来说，在上述步骤S28中对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆之后得到外壳200，在本步骤S30中继续对外壳200进行处理，此时对外壳200的侧边区域进行二氧化碳镭雕处理，可以使具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳200实现双光泽效果，在本步骤S29中获得的外壳结构与图6所示外壳相同。
需要说明的是，对于每一步骤结束后都可以根据实际情况进行相应的清洁处理，其处理方式根据实际情况进行选择，此处不做赘述。
本实施例通过对外壳的模具进行抛光处理，使外壳的模具的正面抛光至镜面级别，对外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理，注塑时使用油温机进行保温/冷却，以得到外壳的塑胶壳料，然后对塑胶壳料进行静电除尘及除油处理，接着对塑胶壳料表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理，对塑胶壳料的表面进行色漆喷涂处理，当色漆是实色色漆时喷涂处理剂，当色漆是半透色漆时喷涂银粉底漆，再对塑胶壳料的表面进行高流平UV底漆喷涂处理，接着在光学镀膜机中对塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷有色镀膜处理，最后对塑胶壳料的表面喷涂透明中漆，及具有全高光和通透性的UV油漆作为面漆，得到具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳，还可以对喷涂面漆后的外壳的侧边区域进行二氧化碳镭雕处理，使得具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳实现双光泽效果，能够缩短外壳的生产周期、降低生产成本、提高产能。
本申请提供另一实施例一种外壳，该外壳由上述加工方法制得。本实施例中通过上述加工方法制得的外壳的结构与图3所示外壳结构类似。一种外壳的加工方法具体可参阅图1，此处不做赘述。
本实施例能够缩短外壳的生产周期、降低生产成本、提高产能。
本申请提供又一实施例一种移动终端，该移动终端包括上述方法制得的外壳。请参阅图8，图8是本申请一种移动终端一实施例的结构示意图，移动终端400包括外壳410，其中外壳410的结构与图3所示外壳结构类似，外壳410的加工方法具体可参阅图1，此处不做赘述。
本申请实施例所提供的移动终端，包括智能移动终端、平板电脑、智能穿戴设备、数字音视频播放器、电子阅读器、手持游戏机等电子设备。
本实施例能够缩短移动终端外壳的生产周期、降低生产成本、提高产能。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施方式，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种外壳，其中，所述外壳包括塑胶壳料和在所述塑胶壳料上依次设置的处理剂或者银粉底漆层、色漆层、底漆层、光学级陶瓷镀膜层、中漆层和面漆层；
    其中，通过对所述外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理，以得到所述塑胶壳料；对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行前处理，进一步对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理，以得到所述处理剂或者银粉底漆层；通过对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行色漆喷涂处理，以得到所述色漆层；通过对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行底漆喷涂处理，以得到所述底漆层；通过对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，所述镀膜为有色镀膜，以得到所述光学级陶瓷镀膜层；通过对所述塑胶壳料的表面喷涂中漆，以得到所述中漆层；通过对所述塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆，以得到所述面漆层，进一步得到具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的外壳，其中，所述处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂为PU型的处理剂或银粉底漆，所述PU型的处理剂或银粉底漆的膜厚为6～10μm。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的外壳，其中，所述色漆的膜厚为5～8μm；
    若所述色漆为实色色漆，则对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行所述处理剂喷涂处理，以得到所述处理剂层；
    若所述色漆为半透色漆，则对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行所述银粉底漆喷涂处理，以得到所述银粉底漆层。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的外壳，其中，所述底漆为高流平UV漆，所述高流平UV漆的膜厚为20～25μm。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的外壳，其中，所述镀膜的靶材为硅、钛、锆及其氧化物，所述靶材用于在所述光学镀膜机镀到所述塑胶壳料的表面以形成所述镀膜；
    所述镀膜的膜系结构为硅、钛、锆及其氧化物交替镀膜，所述镀膜的膜系结构与所述镀膜的膜厚用于控制所述镀膜的颜色和所述镀膜的反射率。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的外壳，其中，所述中漆为通透性PU漆，所述通透性PU漆的膜厚为6～7μm；
    所述面漆为具有全高光和通透性的UV油漆，所述UV油漆的厚度为20～25 μm。
  7. 一种陶瓷外观质感外壳的加工方法，其中，所述加工方法包括：
    对所述外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理，以得到塑胶壳料；
    对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行前处理；
    对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理；
    对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行色漆喷涂处理；
    对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行底漆喷涂处理；
    对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，所述镀膜为有色镀膜；
    对所述塑胶壳料的表面喷涂中漆；
    对所述塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆，以得到具有陶瓷外观质感的外壳。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的加工方法，其中，在对所述外壳的模具进行注塑成型处理之前，所述加工方法还包括：
    对所述模具进行抛光处理，以将所述的模具的正面抛光至镜面级别；
    在所述模具上进行孔位标记处理，以在对所述塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆之后进行CNC开孔处理；
    所述使用所述外壳的模具进行注塑成型，以得到塑胶壳料，包括：
    使用模温机对所述塑胶壳料进行保温/冷却，所述模温机为油温机。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的加工方法，其中，所述对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行前处理包括：
    对所述塑胶壳料进行静电除尘及除油处理；
    所述对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行处理剂或者银粉底漆喷涂处理包括：
    对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行PU型的处理剂或银粉底漆喷涂处理，所述PU型的处理剂或银粉底漆的膜厚为6～10μm；
    烘烤所述PU型的处理剂或者银粉底漆以增加膜层强度，其中烘烤温度设置为80度，烘烤时间设置为15min。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的加工方法，其中，所述对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行色漆喷涂处理包括：
    对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行薄涂色漆处理，所述色漆的膜厚为5～8μm；
    烘烤所述色漆以增加膜层强度，其中烘烤温度设置为80度，烘烤时间设置为15min；
    若所述色漆为实色色漆，则对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行所述处理剂喷涂处 理；
    若所述色漆为半透色漆，则对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行所述银粉底漆喷涂处理。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的加工方法，其中，所述底漆为高流平UV漆，所述对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行底漆喷涂处理包括：
    对所述塑胶壳料的表面喷涂所述高流平UV漆，所述高流平UV漆的膜厚为20～25μm；
    固化所述高流平UV漆，其中固化能量为500-600mj/cm 3。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的加工方法，其中，所述对所述塑胶壳料的表面进行光学级陶瓷镀膜处理，所述镀膜为有色镀膜包括：
    将所述塑胶壳料放入光学镀膜机进行镀膜处理；
    所述镀膜的靶材为硅、钛、锆及其氧化物，所述靶材用于在所述光学镀膜机镀到所述塑胶壳料的表面以形成所述镀膜；
    所述镀膜的膜系结构为硅、钛、锆及其氧化物交替镀膜，所述镀膜的膜系结构与所述镀膜的膜厚用于控制所述镀膜的颜色和所述镀膜的反射率。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的加工方法，其中，所述对所述塑胶壳料的表面喷涂中漆包括：
    所述中漆为通透性PU漆，所述通透性PU漆的膜厚为6～7μm；
    烘烤所述通透性PU漆，其中烘烤温度设置为80度，烘烤时间设置为15min；
    用稀释剂对所述通透性PU漆进行稀释以调整所述中漆镀膜的粘度，所述稀释剂为弱腐蚀性稀释剂；
    所述对所述塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆包括：
    所述面漆为具有全高光和通透性的UV油漆，所述UV油漆的厚度为20～25μm；
    烘烤所述UV油漆，其中烘烤温度为80度，烘烤时间设置为6～7min；
    固化所述UV油漆，其中固化能量为800～1000mj/cm 3。
  14. 根据权利要求7所述的加工方法，其中，在对所述塑胶壳料的表面喷涂面漆之后，所述加工方法还包括：
    对所述的侧边区域进行二氧化碳镭雕处理。
  15. 一种移动终端，其中，所述移动终端包括权利要求1所述的外壳。
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