WO2019128846A1 - 叉臂托举式牵引车 - Google Patents

叉臂托举式牵引车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019128846A1
WO2019128846A1 PCT/CN2018/122439 CN2018122439W WO2019128846A1 WO 2019128846 A1 WO2019128846 A1 WO 2019128846A1 CN 2018122439 W CN2018122439 W CN 2018122439W WO 2019128846 A1 WO2019128846 A1 WO 2019128846A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pallet
fork
vehicle body
arm
disposed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/122439
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何远
李荐民
李洪旗
李玉兰
王强强
李元景
陈志强
张丽
Original Assignee
清华大学
同方威视技术股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 清华大学, 同方威视技术股份有限公司 filed Critical 清华大学
Priority to EP18893488.9A priority Critical patent/EP3733486A4/en
Publication of WO2019128846A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019128846A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/28—Constructional details, e.g. end stops, pivoting supporting members, sliding runners adjustable to load dimensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D49/00—Tractors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S13/00—Vehicle-manoeuvring devices separate from the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D65/00—Designing, manufacturing, e.g. assembling, facilitating disassembly, or structurally modifying motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for
    • B62D65/02—Joining sub-units or components to, or positioning sub-units or components with respect to, body shell or other sub-units or components
    • B62D65/18—Transportation, conveyor or haulage systems specially adapted for motor vehicle or trailer assembly lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F5/00—Mobile jacks of the garage type mounted on wheels or rollers
    • B66F5/04—Mobile jacks of the garage type mounted on wheels or rollers with fluid-pressure-operated lifting gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/10—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms supported directly by jacks
    • B66F7/12—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms supported directly by jacks by mechanical jacks
    • B66F7/14—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms supported directly by jacks by mechanical jacks screw operated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/10—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms supported directly by jacks
    • B66F7/16—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms supported directly by jacks by one or more hydraulic or pneumatic jacks
    • B66F7/18—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms supported directly by jacks by one or more hydraulic or pneumatic jacks by a single central jack
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D49/00—Tractors
    • B62D49/02—Tractors modified to take lifting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D49/00—Tractors
    • B62D49/06—Tractors adapted for multi-purpose use
    • B62D49/0692—Tractors adapted for multi-purpose use characterised by the particular arrangement of control devices, e.g. having more than one control stand, operable from vehicle extension (control devices or systems characterised by mechanical features only)
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • E04H6/182—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions using car-gripping transfer means
    • E04H6/183—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions using car-gripping transfer means without transverse movement of the car after leaving the transfer means

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a forklift lift tractor.
  • the tractor is an indispensable traction tool for moving the vehicle.
  • the existing tractor generally includes a vehicle body, a pallet and a plurality of fork arms, and the vehicle body can be moved on the ground or in a special passage; the pallet is disposed on the vehicle body and can be lifted and lowered by a cylinder, and more
  • the fork arms can be horizontally disposed on the pallet, and the fork arms can be driven to rotate in a horizontal plane by driving devices such as a plurality of motors, so that the fork arms can be deployed to lift the vehicle body to lift the wheels of the vehicle to be moved.
  • the existing tractor usually needs to use a plurality of motors or the like to drive the plurality of fork arms in one-to-one correspondence, which makes the structure of the tractor more complicated and costly.
  • the driving device such as the motor needs to be vertically arranged, so that the height of the tractor is increased, it is difficult to lift the vehicle with a lower chassis, and the tractor is traveling to the underside of the vehicle. It is easy to interfere with the chassis of the vehicle and cause damage to the vehicle.
  • a forklift lift tractor includes a vehicle body, a pallet, a lifting device, a front fork arm assembly, a rear fork arm assembly, a front fork arm drive assembly, and a rear fork arm drive assembly.
  • the vehicle body can be disposed in a passage.
  • the pallet is disposed above the vehicle body.
  • the lifting device is disposed between the vehicle body and the pallet for driving the pallet to lift and lower.
  • the front fork arm assembly includes two front fork arms disposed on the pallet, and the two front fork arms are separated from two sides of a longitudinal center line of the vehicle body and are rotatable on an upper surface of the pallet
  • the rear fork arm assembly includes two rear fork arms disposed on the pallet, and the two rear fork arms are separated from each other on both sides of the longitudinal centerline And can be rotated on the upper surface of the pallet to unfold or retract from both sides of the pallet.
  • the front fork arm drive assembly includes a front drive member and a front power unit disposed on the pallet, the front drive member is coupled to two of the front fork arms, and the front power unit is configured to drive the front
  • the transmission member moves horizontally linearly to rotate the two front fork arms, and the central axis of the front power unit coincides with or parallels with the longitudinal center line.
  • the rear fork arm drive assembly includes a rear transmission member and a rear power unit disposed on the pallet, the rear transmission member is coupled to the two rear fork arms, and the rear power unit is configured to drive the rear
  • the transmission member moves linearly horizontally to drive the two rear fork arms to rotate, and the central axis of the rear power unit coincides with or parallels with the longitudinal center line.
  • both of the front fork arms are provided with a front gear portion
  • the front transmission member is provided with a front rack portion that meshes with each of the front gear portions.
  • the front gear portion and the corresponding front fork arm are of a unitary structure
  • the front transmission member and the front rack portion are of a unitary structure
  • both of the rear fork arms are provided with a rear gear portion
  • the rear transmission member is provided with a rear rack portion that meshes with each of the rear gear portions.
  • the rear gear portion and the corresponding rear fork arm are of a unitary structure
  • the rear transmission member and the rear rack portion are of a unitary structure
  • the front fork arm drive assembly further includes a front guide member disposed on the pallet and located between the two front fork arms, the front transmission member sliding Fitted to the front guide.
  • the rear fork arm drive assembly further includes a rear guide member disposed on the pallet and located between the two rear fork arms, the rear transmission member sliding Fitted to the rear guide.
  • one or more of the lifting device, the front power device, and the rear power device are hydraulic cylinders, cylinders, or linear motors.
  • the front fork arm assembly includes two front rotation shafts, and the two front rotation shafts are rotatably disposed through the vehicle body and vertically pass through the pallets and are in one-to-one correspondence. Connected to the two front fork arms, the front axle can move vertically with the pallet.
  • the rear fork arm assembly includes two rear rotating shafts, and the two rear rotating shafts are rotatably disposed through the vehicle body, and vertically pass through the pallet and have a one-to-one correspondence Connected to the two rear fork arms, the front shaft can move vertically with the pallet.
  • each of the front revolving shafts is provided with two front flanges in the axial direction, and the pallet is defined between the two front flanges.
  • each of the rear rotating shafts is provided with two rear flanges in the axial direction, and the pallet is defined between the two rear flanges.
  • the vehicle body includes two longitudinal beams, two cross beams connected between the two longitudinal beams, and a mounting base including a top plate and a bottom plate arranged in parallel and connected to each other.
  • the top plate is detachably coupled to the two beams
  • the driving assembly is disposed on the bottom plate and connected to the plate through the top plate
  • the front rotating shaft is rotatably coupled to the bottom plate and passes through the bottom plate
  • the top plate is coupled to the tray.
  • the vehicle body includes two longitudinal beams, two cross beams connected between the two longitudinal beams, and a mounting base including a top plate and a bottom plate arranged in parallel and connected to each other.
  • the top plate is detachably coupled to the two beams
  • the driving assembly is disposed on the bottom plate and connected to the plate through the top plate
  • the rear rotating shaft is rotatably coupled to the bottom plate and passes through the bottom plate
  • the top plate is coupled to the tray.
  • the fork-armed towing tractor further includes a traction drive device and a plurality of wheels, and the plurality of the wheels are symmetrically disposed at a bottom of the vehicle body and can be roll-fitted in the passage. a rail.
  • the traction drive device is disposed on the vehicle body and is drivingly coupled to the plurality of wheels for driving a plurality of the wheels to roll along the guide rail.
  • a plurality of the wheels include a front wheel and a rear wheel
  • the traction drive device includes a front motor and a rear motor
  • the front motor is coupled to the front wheel through a front transmission assembly for driving The front wheel rotates
  • the rear motor is coupled to the rear wheel through a rear transmission assembly for driving the rear wheel to rotate.
  • the front fork arm drive assembly simultaneously drives the two front fork arms to rotate on the upper surface of the pallet
  • the rear fork arm drive assembly simultaneously drives the two rear fork arms to rotate on the upper surface of the pallet, thereby enabling the front fork arms and the rear
  • the fork arms are unfolded to unfold the pallet, and the wheels of the towed vehicle are clamped to facilitate lifting the vehicle; or the front fork arms and the rear fork arms can be unfolded to be retracted to the pallet, so that the vehicle body is directed to the vehicle.
  • the central axes of the front power unit and the rear power unit are coincident or parallel with the longitudinal center line of the vehicle body, and can output power in a horizontal direction to drive the front transmission member and the rear transmission member to move horizontally linearly, and move horizontally through the front transmission member.
  • the rotation of the front fork arm drives the rear fork arm to rotate by the horizontal linear movement of the rear transmission member, thereby avoiding the use of a vertically arranged motor and the like to directly drive the front fork arm and the rear fork arm to rotate, thereby reducing the overall height. It is easy to lift the vehicle with lower chassis and reduce the risk of collision with the chassis.
  • the front fork arm and the rear fork arm can be raised or dropped at the same time, so as to lift the respective wheels of the vehicle at the same time, and after the wheel is lifted, the vehicle body can be moved along the passage. So that the vehicle is towed without starting the vehicle.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view of the fork-armed tractor in the channel of the embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the fork-armed tractor in the channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fork-arm-lifting tractor of an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the front fork arm and the rear fork arm of the fork arm lift type tractor of the embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the front fork arm and the rear fork arm of the fork-armed tractor of the embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 7 is a front elevational view of the fork-armed tractor of Figure 4.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the assembly of a front fork arm assembly, a rear fork arm assembly, a pallet, and a mounting seat of the fork-arm-lifting tractor of the embodiment of the present disclosure;
  • 11 is a schematic diagram of the lifting and lowering of the pallet of the fork-arm-lifting tractor of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the front fork arm and the rear fork arm of the fork arm lift type tractor of the embodiment of the present disclosure unfolded and closed.
  • a forklift type tractor is provided.
  • the forklift type tractor of the present embodiment may include a vehicle body 1, a wheel 2, and a traction drive device 3.
  • Guide wheel 4 pallet 5
  • lifting device 6 front fork arm assembly, rear fork arm assembly, front fork arm drive assembly and rear fork arm drive assembly.
  • the vehicle body 1 can be disposed in a predetermined passage 17 on the ground.
  • the cross section of the passage 17 is not particularly limited herein, as long as the vehicle body 1 can be accommodated. That is, the guide rail 18 can be disposed in the passage 17, and the number of the guide rails can be two parallel to each other, for example, the two guide rails can be symmetric about the center line of the passage 17, and the vehicle body 1 is slidably fitted to the two guide rails 18, and the vehicle
  • the longitudinal center line L of the body 1 may be parallel to the center line of the passage 17 so as to be linearly reciprocable within the passage 17 along the guide rail 18, and the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1 is the center line of the vehicle body 1 in the traveling direction thereof.
  • the vehicle body 1 can include a stringer 101, a beam 102, and a mount 103, wherein:
  • the number of the longitudinal beams 101 may be two, and the two longitudinal beams 101 are arranged in parallel and are symmetrical about the center line of the passage 17, and both of the longitudinal beams 101 may be disposed in the passage 17.
  • the shape of the cross section of the stringer 101 may be rectangular, circular or trapezoidal or the like.
  • the number of the beams 102 may also be two, and the two beams 102 are parallel to each other and disposed between the two longitudinal beams 101, and may be fixed to the longitudinal beam 101 by welding, snapping or bolting, for example, two beams. 102 have a certain spacing.
  • the beam 102 and the stringer 101 can also be of a unitary structure.
  • the mount 103 may include a top plate 1031 and a bottom plate 1032 disposed in parallel, and the top plate 1031 is fixedly coupled to the bottom plate 1032 with a certain distance therebetween.
  • the top plate 1031 can be larger than the bottom plate 1032.
  • the top plate 1031 can be erected on the two cross beams 102, for example, can be fixedly connected to the beam 102 by bolting or the like, and the top plate 1031 can be provided with a through hole for the lifting device 6 to pass through.
  • the bottom plate 1032 is located below the top plate 1031, and the lifting device 6 can be connected to the bottom plate 1032 by welding, snapping or hinged.
  • the vehicle body 1 may also be in the form of a flat structure or a frame structure, as long as it can be moved in the passage 17, and will not be enumerated here.
  • the number of the wheels 2 may be multiple, and the plurality of wheels 2 may be symmetrically disposed at the bottom of the vehicle body 1, and each of the wheels 2 has an axle, each axle and the vehicle.
  • the body 1 is rotatably connected.
  • the number of the wheels 2 is four, including the front and rear wheels, and the two longitudinal beams 101 of the vehicle body 1 are respectively provided with a front wheel and a rear wheel, and each wheel 2 can be engaged with the guide rail 18 and can The guide rail 18 is rolled to realize the movement of the vehicle body 1.
  • the number of the guide wheels 4 is plural, and each of the guide wheels 4 can be symmetrically disposed at the bottom of the two longitudinal beams 101, and the guide wheels on any of the longitudinal beams 101. 4 can be symmetrically disposed about the guide rail 18 corresponding to the longitudinal beam 101.
  • the guide wheel 4 on the longitudinal beam 101 can abut against both sides of the guide rail, thereby preventing the wheel 2 from being deflected, thereby Ensure that the car body 1 is stable.
  • the traction drive device 3 can be drivingly coupled to each of the wheels 2, by which the respective wheels 2 can be driven to rotate, thereby realizing the movement of the vehicle body 1.
  • the traction drive 3 may include a front motor 31 and a rear motor 32.
  • the front motor 31 may be coupled to the axle of the front wheel through a front drive assembly to drive the front wheel to rotate, and the rear motor 32 may pass through the rear drive assembly and the rear wheel.
  • the axles are connected to drive the rear wheels to rotate, so that the rotation of the wheels 2 can be controlled by controlling the front motor 31 and the rear motor 32 to realize the movement of the vehicle body 1.
  • the front motor 31 and the rear motor 32 can be mounted to the stringer 101 or the beam 102.
  • the types of the front motor 31 and the rear motor 32 are not particularly limited herein.
  • the front drive assembly and the rear drive assembly may each be a gear set including a plurality of gears. For details, reference may be made to the transmission mode in which the existing motor drives the wheels to rotate. More details.
  • the pallet 5 may be a flat plate structure which may be disposed above the mounting seat 103 of the vehicle body 1 and may be facing the mounting base 103.
  • the tray 5 can be provided with two front through holes and two rear through holes.
  • the two front through holes can be symmetrically disposed on both sides of the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1, and the two rear through holes can also be disposed in the The center lines of the front through hole and the rear through hole on both sides of the longitudinal center line L and on the same side of the longitudinal center line L are parallel to the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1.
  • the lifting device 6 can be a hydraulic cylinder, which can have a cylinder and a piston rod that can reciprocate in the cylinder.
  • the specific structure can refer to the existing hydraulic cylinder. It will not be described in detail here.
  • the cylinder block may be vertically fixed to the bottom plate 1032 of the mounting seat 103 of the vehicle body 1 by welding, snapping or bolting, or may be hinged to the bottom plate 1032.
  • the piston rod can pass through the top plate 1031 and can be fixedly coupled to the pallet 5 by welding or by bolting or the like. As shown in Fig. 11, the pallet 5 can be vertically moved by the vertical movement of the piston rod, and the lifting and lowering of the pallet 5 can be realized.
  • the lifting device 6 can also adopt a cylinder, a linear motor, or the like, which can lift and lower the pallet 5, or can realize the pallet 5 by a motor and a transmission component such as a screw nut. Lifting, no longer listed here.
  • the front fork arm assembly can include a front axle 7 and a front fork arm 9;
  • the rear fork arm assembly can include a rear axle 8 and a rear fork arm 10. among them:
  • the number of the front rotating shaft 7 and the rear rotating shaft 8 may be two, and each of the front rotating shaft 7 and the rear rotating shaft 8 is vertically disposed on the bottom plate 1032 of the mounting base 103 of the vehicle body 1 and is rotatably connected to the bottom plate 1032 so that the front Both the rotating shaft 7 and the rear rotating shaft 8 are rotatable relative to the vehicle body 1.
  • the front rotating shaft 7 and the rear rotating shaft 8 can also move vertically relative to the bottom plate 1032, and the two front rotating shafts 7 can be symmetrically disposed on both sides of the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1, and the rear rotating shaft 8 can be symmetrically disposed at the longitudinal center.
  • the line connecting the front rotating shaft 7 and the rear rotating shaft 8 on the same side of the longitudinal center line L is parallel to the longitudinal center line L.
  • the two front revolving shafts 7 can pass through the top plate 1031 of the mounting base 103, and can fit through the two front through holes of the pallet 5 in a one-to-one correspondence, and can rotate in the front through hole;
  • the two rear rotating shafts 8 It is also possible to pass through the top plate 1031 and to fit through the two rear through holes of the pallet 5 in a one-to-one correspondence, and can be rotated in the rear through hole.
  • the front rotating shaft 7 and the rear rotating shaft 8 are rotatable relative to the mounting seat 103 and vertically moved relative to the mounting base 103, so that the front rotating shaft 7 and the rear rotating shaft 8 can be held by the front rotating shaft 7 and the rear rotating shaft 8
  • the plate 5 is guided to prevent it from deflecting.
  • each of the front reels 7 can be provided with two front flanges 71, which can be distributed along the axial direction of the corresponding front reel 7, and the distance between the two front flanges 71. Not less than the thickness of the pallet 5, the pallet 5 is located between the two front flanges 71 so that the pallet 5 can be defined, and when the pallet 5 is vertically moved, the front axle 7 can be driven to move synchronously.
  • each of the rear axles 8 can be provided with two rear flanges, two rear flanges can be distributed along the axial direction of the corresponding rear rotation shaft 8, and the two rear flanges are one-to-one corresponding to the two front flanges.
  • the pallet 5 can be defined between the two rear flanges.
  • the rear axle 8 can be driven to move synchronously.
  • a spacer or the like may be disposed between the two front flanges 71 and the two rear flanges and the pallet 5 to clamp the pallet 5, and a sleeve may be disposed on the front axle 7 and the rear axle 8 Parts to reduce friction.
  • the number of the front fork arm 9 and the rear fork arm 10 may be two, and both are horizontally disposed on the pallet 5, and the two front fork arms 9 and the two rear fork arms 10 are symmetrically disposed at the longitudinal center of the vehicle body 1.
  • a front fork arm 9 and a rear fork arm 10 are provided on the same side of the longitudinal center line L.
  • the two front fork arms 9 can be sleeved one-to-one on one end of the unfolding front through hole of the two front rotating shafts 7, and can be rotated in the opposite direction to the vertical or parallel direction with the front rotating shaft 7 on the upper surface of the pallet 5.
  • the position of the longitudinal centerline L is provided on both sides of the line L.
  • the two rear fork arms 10 can be sleeved one-to-one on one end of the unfolded through-holes of the two rear rotating shafts 8, and then the rotating shaft 8 can be rotated in the opposite direction to the vertical or parallel longitudinal center on the upper surface of the pallet 5 The position of line L.
  • the upper surface of the pallet 5 is a horizontal plane.
  • the broken line in Fig. 12 shows a state in which the front fork arm 9 and the rear fork arm 10 are rotated to be perpendicular to the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1, that is, when the front fork arm 9 and the rear fork arm 10 are unfolded status.
  • both the front fork arms 9 and the two rear fork arms 10 are rotated to a position perpendicular to the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1, the two front fork arms 9 are unfolded from both sides of the pallet 5, and the two rear forks
  • the arms 10 are also unfolded from both sides of the pallet 5, and the front fork arms 9 and the rear fork arms 10 on the same side of the longitudinal centerline L can hold the wheels on the corresponding side of the vehicle to be towed; when the front fork arms 9 and the rear forks
  • the arms 10 are all rotated to a position parallel to the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1, the front fork arms 9 and the rear fork arms 10 can be located above the pallet 5, so that the front fork arms 9 and the rear fork arms 10 are close together for the convenience of the vehicle.
  • the body 1 drives the pallet 5 to move below the vehicle to be towed.
  • the two front fork arms 9 may be provided with a front gear portion coaxial with the front rotating shaft 7, and the front gear portion and the front fork arm 9 may be of a unitary structure, in particular, the front fork arm 9 is connected to the front rotating shaft 7.
  • the outer peripheral surface of one end may be a tooth surface structure of the gear.
  • the front gear portion can also be a separate gear that is fixedly coupled to the front fork arm 9 or the front axle 7.
  • the two rear fork arms 10 may be provided with a rear gear portion coaxial with the rear rotating shaft 8.
  • the specific form of the rear gear portion may refer to the front gear portion, which will not be described in detail herein.
  • the front fork arm drive assembly can include a front guide 11, a front drive member 12, and a front power unit 13, wherein:
  • the front guide member 11 may be a guide rail which may be fixed to the pallet 5 by welding, welding or by bolting or the like.
  • the front guide 11 is horizontally disposed along a line parallel to the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1, and the front guide 11 is disposed between the two front fork arms 9 to separate the two front fork arms 9 from the front guide member 11 on both sides.
  • the front transmission member 12 may be a slider that is fitted to the front guide member 11 and reciprocally linearly movable along the front guide member 11.
  • the two sides of the front transmission member 12, that is, the side opposite to the two front fork arms 9 may be provided with a front rack portion, and the front rack portion and the front transmission member 12 may be an integral structure or may be fixed. A separate rack that is coupled to the front drive member 12.
  • the front rack portions on both sides of the front transmission member 12 can be engaged with the front fork portions of the two front fork arms, so that the two front fork arms 9 can be reciprocally rotated by the reciprocating linear movement of the front transmission member 12 to make the front fork
  • the arms 9 are unfolded or retracted from the pallet 5, during which the two front fork arms 9 are rotated in opposite directions, i.e., when one front fork arm 9 rotates counterclockwise and the other front fork arm 9 rotates clockwise.
  • the front power unit 13 may be disposed on the front fork arm 9 and away from the side of the rear fork arm 10, and the center axis of the front power unit 13 may coincide or be parallel with the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1.
  • the front power unit 13 may be a hydraulic cylinder, which may include a cylinder block and a piston rod, and the cylinder block thereof may be horizontally fixed to the pallet 5 by welding, snapping or bolting, and the piston rod is also horizontally disposed and
  • the front transmission member 12 is fixedly connected by welding, snapping or by bolting or the like, and the central axis of the piston rod can be parallel or coincident with the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1, so that the front transmission member 12 can be driven by the front power unit 13.
  • the front power unit 13 may also be a cylinder or a linear motor, and the lifting and lowering of the pallet 5 may be realized by a motor and a transmission component such as a screw nut, which will not be enumerated here.
  • the rear fork arm drive assembly can include a rear guide 14, a rear drive member 15, and a rear power unit 16, wherein:
  • the rear guide member 14 may be a guide rail which may be fixed to the pallet 5 by welding, welding or by bolt connection, and may be horizontally disposed with the front guide member 11 in a line parallel to the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1. And the rear guide 14 is disposed between the two rear fork arms 10 to separate the two rear fork arms 10 from both sides of the rear guide 14.
  • the rear transmission member 15 is cooperatively disposed on the rear guide member 14 and is linearly reciprocally slidable along the rear guide member 14. And the rear side of the rear transmission member 15 can be provided with a rear rack portion, and the rear rack portion on both sides of the rear transmission member 15 can be engaged with the rear gear portions of the two rear fork arms 10 in one-to-one correspondence, thereby being able to pass the rear transmission
  • the member 15 drives the two rear fork arms 10 to reciprocate to rotate or retract the rear fork arm 10 to the pallet 5.
  • the specific structure and installation manner can refer to the front transmission member 12, which will not be described in detail herein.
  • the rear power unit 16 can be disposed on the rear fork arm 10 and away from the side of the front fork arm 9, and the central axis of the rear power unit 16 can also coincide with or parallel with the longitudinal center line L of the vehicle body 1, and the rear power unit 16 can also It is a hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder or a linear motor, etc., and can drive the rear transmission member 15 to reciprocate linearly along the front guide member 11 to rotate the two rear fork arms 10.
  • the front power unit 13 which will not be described in detail herein.
  • the fork-armed tractor of the present disclosure may further include a control unit (not shown), which may be a programmable logic controller or a microcontroller such as a single chip microcomputer, which can control the lifting
  • a control unit (not shown), which may be a programmable logic controller or a microcontroller such as a single chip microcomputer, which can control the lifting
  • the device 6, the front power unit 13 of the front fork arm drive assembly and the rear power unit 16 of the rear fork arm drive assembly work, and the specific control principle can refer to the control mode of the power control device such as the hydraulic cylinder and the motor controlled by the existing microcontroller. No longer detailed.
  • the fork-arm lifting type tractor of the embodiment of the present invention can simultaneously drive the two front fork arms 9 to rotate by the front fork arm driving assembly, and simultaneously drive the two rear fork arms 10 to rotate through the rear fork arm driving assembly, thereby realizing the front fork
  • the deployment and retraction of the arm 9 and the rear fork arm 10 can reduce the number of driving devices that drive the fork arms to rotate, which is advantageous for simplifying the structure and reducing the cost.
  • the rotation of the front fork arm 9 can be driven by the horizontal linear movement of the front transmission member 12, and the rotation of the rear fork arm 10 by the horizontal linear movement of the rear transmission member 15 can avoid erecting the front power unit 13 and the rear power unit 16
  • the straight setting helps to reduce the overall height, facilitates lifting the lower chassis and reduces the risk of collision with the chassis.
  • the pallet 5 can be raised or lowered by the lifting device 6, so that the front fork arm 9 and the rear fork arm 10 can be raised or dropped at the same time, so that the wheels on both sides of the vehicle can be lifted at the same time, and the wheel is lifted. Thereafter, the vehicle body 1 can be moved along the passage 17 to thereby pull the vehicle to move without starting the vehicle.

Abstract

一种叉臂托举式牵引车包括车体（1）、托板（5）、升降装置（6）、前叉臂组件、后叉臂组件、前叉臂驱动组件和后叉臂驱动组件。车体（1）活动地设于一通道（17）。托板（5）设于车体（1）上方。升降装置能驱动托板升降。前叉臂组件包括设于托板（5）且能水平转动的两个前叉臂（9）。后叉臂组件包括设于托板（5）且能水平转动的两个后叉臂（10），两个前叉臂（9）和两个后叉臂（10）均分居通道（17）的中心线两侧且均能从托板（5）两侧展开或收回。前叉臂驱动组件包括设于托板（5）的前传动件（12）和前动力装置（13），前动力装置能驱动前传动件（12）水平直线移动，使两个前叉臂（9）转动。后叉臂驱动组件包括设于托板（5）的后传动件（15）和后动力装置（16），后动力装置（16）能驱动后传动件（15）水平直线移动，使两个后叉臂（10）转动。

Description

叉臂托举式牵引车
交叉引用
本公开要求于2017年12月27日提交的申请号为201711443720.5、名称为“叉臂托举式牵引车”的中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用全部并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种叉臂托举式牵引车。
背景技术
目前，在车辆安全检查、汽车维修、交通管理等领域，经常需要在不启动车辆的情况下对待检测车辆、故障车辆或占道车辆等进行移动。其中，牵引车是使车辆移动的必不可少的牵引工具。现有的牵引车一般包括车体、托板和多个叉臂等，车体可在地面上或专门的通道内移动；托板设于车体上并可在一油缸的驱动下升降，多个叉臂可水平设于托板上，可通过若干电机等驱动装置驱动各个叉臂在水平面内转动，从而使叉臂展开车体，以便托举待移动的车辆的车轮。
但是，现有的牵引车通常需要使用多个电机或等驱动装置，以便一一对应的驱动多个叉臂转动，这使得牵引车的结构较为复杂，且成本较高。同时，由于叉臂需要在水平面内转动，因而电机等驱动装置需要竖直设置，使牵引车的高度增加，难以对底盘较低的车辆进行托举，且在牵引车行驶至车辆下方的过程中，容易与车辆的底盘发生干涉，造成车辆损坏。
在所述背景技术部分公开的上述信息仅用于加强对本公开的背景的理解，因此它可以包括不构成对本领域普通技术人员已知的现有技术的信息。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种能简化结构、降低高度和成本的叉臂托举式牵引车。
本公开的额外方面和优点将部分地在下面的描述中阐述，并且部分地将从描述中变得显然，或者可以通过本公开的实践而习得。
根据本公开的一个方面，一种叉臂托举式牵引车，包括车体、托板、升降装置、前叉臂组件、后叉臂组件、前叉臂驱动组件和后叉臂驱动组件。所述车体能设于一通道。 所述托板设于所述车体上方。所述升降装置设于所述车体与所述托板之间，用于驱动所述托板升降。所述前叉臂组件包括设于所述托板上的两个前叉臂，两个所述前叉臂分居所述车体的纵向中心线两侧并能在所述托板的上表面转动，以从所述托板的两侧展开或收回，所述后叉臂组件包括设于所述托板上的两个后叉臂，两个所述后叉臂分居所述纵向中心线两侧并能在所述托板的上表面转动，以从所述托板的两侧展开或收回。所述前叉臂驱动组件包括设于所述托板上的前传动件和前动力装置，所述前传动件与两个所述前叉臂连接，所述前动力装置用于驱动所述前传动件水平直线移动，以带动两个所述前叉臂转动，所述前动力装置的中轴线与所述纵向中心线重合或平行。所述后叉臂驱动组件包括设于所述托板上的后传动件和后动力装置，所述后传动件与两个所述后叉臂连接，所述后动力装置用于驱动所述后传动件水平直线移动，以带动两个所述后叉臂转动，所述后动力装置的中轴线与所述纵向中心线重合或平行。
根据本公开的一实施方式，两个所述前叉臂均设有前齿轮部，所述前传动件设有与各所述前齿轮部啮合的前齿条部。
根据本公开的一实施方式，所述前齿轮部与对应的所述前叉臂为一体式结构，所述前传动件与所述前齿条部为一体式结构。
根据本公开的一实施方式，两个所述后叉臂均设有后齿轮部，所述后传动件设有与各所述后齿轮部啮合的后齿条部。
根据本公开的一实施方式，所述后齿轮部与对应的所述后叉臂为一体式结构，所述后传动件与所述后齿条部为一体式结构。
根据本公开的一实施方式，所述前叉臂驱动组件还包括前导向件，所述前导向件设于所述托板且位于两个所述前叉臂之间，所述前传动件滑动配合于所述前导向件。
根据本公开的一实施方式，所述后叉臂驱动组件还包括后导向件，所述后导向件设于所述托板且位于两个所述后叉臂之间，所述后传动件滑动配合于所述后导向件。
根据本公开的一实施方式，所述升降装置、所述前动力装置和所述后动力装置中的一个或多个为液压缸、气缸或直线电机。
根据本公开的一实施方式，所述前叉臂组件包括两个前转轴，两个所述前转轴可转动地穿设于所述车体，且竖直穿过所述托板并一一对应的与两个所述前叉臂连接，所述前转轴能随所述托板竖直移动。
根据本公开的一实施方式，所述后叉臂组件包括两个后转轴，两个所述后转轴可转动地穿设于所述车体，且竖直穿过所述托板并一一对应的与两个所述后叉臂连接，所述前转轴能随所述托板竖直移动。
根据本公开的一实施方式，每个所述前转轴沿轴向设有两个前凸缘，所述托板限定于两个所述前凸缘之间。
根据本公开的一实施方式，每个所述后转轴沿轴向设有两个后凸缘，所述托板限定 于两个所述后凸缘之间。
根据本公开的一实施方式，所述车体包括两个纵梁、连接于两个所述纵梁间的两个横梁以及安装座，所述安装座包括平行设置且连接的顶板和底板，所述顶板可拆卸地连接于两个所述横梁，所述驱动组件设于所述底板并穿过所述顶板与所述托板连接，所述前转轴转动连接于所述底板并穿过所述顶板与所述托板连接。
根据本公开的一实施方式，所述车体包括两个纵梁、连接于两个所述纵梁间的两个横梁以及安装座，所述安装座包括平行设置且连接的顶板和底板，所述顶板可拆卸地连接于两个所述横梁，所述驱动组件设于所述底板并穿过所述顶板与所述托板连接，所述后转轴转动连接于所述底板并穿过所述顶板与所述托板连接。
根据本公开的一实施方式，所述叉臂托举式牵引车还包括牵引驱动装置和多个车轮，多个所述车轮对称设于所述车体底部并能滚动配合于所述通道内的一导轨。所述牵引驱动装置设于所述车体并与多个所述车轮传动连接，用于驱动多个所述车轮沿所述导轨滚动。
根据本公开的一实施方式，多个所述车轮包括前轮和后轮，所述牵引驱动装置包括前电机和后电机，所述前电机通过前传动组件与所述前轮连接，用于驱动所述前轮转动，所述后电机通过后传动组件与所述后轮连接，用于驱动所述后轮转动。由上述技术方案可知，本公开具备以下优点和积极效果中的至少之一：
通过前叉臂驱动组件同时驱动两个前叉臂在托板的上表面转动，通过后叉臂驱动组件同时驱动两个后叉臂在托板的上表面转动，从而可使前叉臂和后叉臂展开，以展开托板，对待牵引的车辆的车轮进行夹持，便于托举该车辆；或者还可使前叉臂和后叉臂展开并拢，以收回于托板，便于车体向车辆下方行驶；由此，可减少驱动叉臂转动的驱动装置的数量，有利于简化结构，降低成本。
前动力装置和后动力装置的中轴线均与车体的纵向中心线重合或平行，可沿水平方向输出动力，以驱动前传动件和后传动件水平直线移动，通过前传动件的水平直线移动带动前叉臂的转动，通过后传动件的水平直线移动带动后叉臂的转动，可避免采用竖直设置的电机等动力装置来直接驱动前叉臂和后叉臂转动，有利于降低整体高度，便于托举底盘较低的车辆，减小与底盘发生碰撞的风险。
通过升降装置使托板升起或落下，可使前叉臂和后叉臂同时升起或落下，便于同时托举车辆的各个车轮，且在将车轮托起后，可使车体沿通道移动，从而在不启动车辆的情况下，牵引车辆移动。
附图说明
通过参照附图详细描述其示例实施方式，本公开的上述和其它特征及优点将变得更加明显。
图1是本公开实施方式叉臂托举式牵引车位于通道内的侧视图；
图2是本公开实施方式叉臂托举式牵引车位于通道内的俯视图；
图3是本公开实施方式叉臂托举式牵引车的示意图；
图4是本公开实施方式叉臂托举式牵引车的前叉臂和后叉臂并拢的俯视图；
图5是图4的A-A剖视图；
图6是本公开实施方式叉臂托举式牵引车的前叉臂和后叉臂展开的俯视图；
图7是图4中叉臂托举式牵引车的前视图；
图8视图7的B-B剖视图；
图9是图7的C-C剖视图；
图10是本公开实施方式叉臂托举式牵引车的前叉臂组件、后叉臂组件、托板和安装座的装配示意图；
图11是本公开实施方式叉臂托举式牵引车的托板升降的原理图。
图12是本公开实施方式叉臂托举式牵引车的前叉臂和后叉臂展开及并拢的原理图。
图中：1、车体；101、纵梁；102、横梁；103、安装座；1031、顶板；1032、底板；2、车轮；3、牵引驱动装置；31、前电机；32、后电机；4、导向轮；5、托板；6、升降装置；7、前转轴；71、前凸缘；8、后转轴；9、前叉臂；10、后叉臂；11、前导向件；12、前传动件；13、前动力装置；14、后导向件；15、后传动件；16、后动力装置；17、通道；18、导轨。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本公开将全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的结构，因而将省略它们的详细描述。
虽然本说明书中使用相对性的用语，例如“上”、“下”来描述图标的一个组件对于另一组件的相对关系，但是这些术语用于本说明书中仅出于方便，例如根据附图中所述的示例的方向。能理解的是，如果将图标的装置翻转使其上下颠倒，则所叙述在“上”的组件将会成为在“下”的组件。其他相对性的用语，例如“顶”、“底”等也作具有类似含义。当某结构在其它结构“上”时，有可能是指某结构一体形成于其它结构上，或指某结构“直接”设置在其它结构上，或指某结构通过另一结构“间接”设置在其它结构上。
用语“一个”、“一”、“该”和“所述”用以表示存在一个或多个要素/组成部分/等；用语“包括”和“具有”用以表示开放式的包括在内的意思并且是指除了列出的要素/组成部分/ 等之外还可存在另外的要素/组成部分/等；用语“第一”、“第二”等仅作为标记使用，不是对其对象的数量限制。
本公开示例实施方式中提供一种叉臂托举式牵引车，如图1～图10所示，本实施方式的叉臂托举式牵引车可以包括车体1、车轮2、牵引驱动装置3、导向轮4、托板5、升降装置6、前叉臂组件、后叉臂组件、前叉臂驱动组件和后叉臂驱动组件。
如图1和图2所示，在一实施方式中，车体1可设于地面上预设的一通道17内，该通道17的横截面在此不做特殊限定，只要能容纳车体1即可，通道17内可设置导轨18，导轨的数量例如互相可以是互相平行的两条，两条导轨可关于通道17的中心线对称，车体1滑动配合于该两条导轨18，且车体1的纵向中心线L可与通道17的中心线平行，从而可沿导轨18在通道17内直线往复移动，车体1的纵向中心线L为车体1沿其行进方向的中心线。
如图3和图4所示，举例而言，车体1可以包括纵梁101、横梁102和安装座103，其中：
纵梁101的数量可以是两个，两个纵梁101平行设置且关于通道17的中心线对称，两个纵梁101均可设于通道17内。纵梁101的横截面的形状可以是矩形、圆形或梯形等。
横梁102的数量也可以是两个，且两个横梁102互相平行且设于两个纵梁101之间，例如可通过焊接、卡接或利用螺栓连接等方式固定于纵梁101，两个横梁102间具有一定的间距。当然，横梁102与纵梁101也可以是一体式结构。
如图3和图10所示，安装座103可以包括平行设置的顶板1031和底板1032，顶板1031与底板1032固定连接且二者之间具有一定的间距。顶板1031可大于底板1032，顶板1031可搭设于两个横梁102，例如可通过螺栓连接等可拆卸的方式与横梁102固定连接，且顶板1031可设有供升降装置6穿过的通孔。底板1032位于顶板1031下方，升降装置6可通过焊接、卡接或者铰接等方式连接于底板1032。
在本公开的其它实施方式中，车体1也可以为平板状结构或者框架结构等其它形式，只要能在通道17移动即可，在此不再一一列举。
如图1和图3所示，在一实施方式中，车轮2的数量可以是多个，且多个车轮2可对称设于车体1的底部，各车轮2均具有轮轴，各轮轴与车体1转动连接。举例而言，车轮2的数量为四个，包括前轮和后轮，车体1的两纵梁101各设有一个前轮和一个后轮，各个车轮2可与导轨18配合，并能在导轨18上滚动，从而实现车体1的移动。
如图1和图8所示，在一实施方式中，导向轮4的数量为多个，各导向轮4可对称设于两个纵梁101的底部，且任一纵梁101上的导向轮4可关于对应于该纵梁101的导轨18对称设置，在车轮2沿该导轨滚动时，该纵梁101上的导向轮4可抵靠于该导轨的两侧，防止车轮2偏斜，从而保证车体1稳定。
如图3至图5所示，在一实施方式中，牵引驱动装置3可与各个车轮2传动连接， 通过该牵引驱动装置3可驱动各个车轮2转动，实现车体1的移动。举例而言，牵引驱动装置3可以包括前电机31和后电机32，前电机31可通过前传动组件与前轮的轮轴连接，以驱动前轮转动，后电机32可通过后传动组件与后轮的轮轴连接，以驱动后轮转动，从而可通过控制前电机31和后电机32控制车轮2转动，实现车体1的移动。同时，前电机31和后电机32可安装于纵梁101或横梁102。前电机31和后电机32的类型在此不做特殊限定，前传动组件和后传动组件均可以是包含多个齿轮的齿轮组，具体可参考现有电机驱动车轮转动的传动方式，在此不再详述。
如图3、图7和图10所示，在一实施方式中，托板5可以是平板结构，其可设于车体1的安装座103上方，并可正对于安装座103。托板5上可设有两个前通孔和两个后通孔，两个前通孔可对称设于车体1的纵向中心线L的两侧，两个后通孔也可设于该纵向中心线L的两侧，且位于纵向中心线L同一侧的前通孔和后通孔的中心连线平行于车体1的纵向中心线L。
如图5和图9所示，在一实施方式中，升降装置6可以是液压缸，其可具有缸体和能在缸体内往复移动的活塞杆，具体结构可参考现有的液压缸，在此不再详述。缸体可通过焊接、卡接或利用螺栓连接等方式竖直固定于车体1的安装座103的底板1032，也可铰接于底板1032。其活塞杆可穿过顶板1031，并可通过焊接或利用螺栓连接等方式与托板5固定连接。如图11所示，可通过活塞杆的竖直移动使托板5竖直移动，实现托板5的升降。当然，在本公开的其它实施方式中，升降装置6还可以采用气缸、直线电机等其它可使托板5升降的装置，或者，还可以通过电机配合丝杠螺母等传动组件实现托板5的升降，在此不再一一列举。
如图3至图6所示，在一实施方式中，前叉臂组件可以包括前转轴7和前叉臂9；后叉臂组件可以包括后转轴8和后叉臂10。其中：
前转轴7和后转轴8的数量均可以是两个，且每个前转轴7和后转轴8均竖直设于车体1的安装座103的底板1032，并与底板1032转动连接，使得前转轴7和后转轴8均可相对车体1转动。同时，前转轴7和后转轴8还可相对底板1032竖直移动，且两个前转轴7可对称设于车体1的纵向中心线L的两侧，后转轴8可对称设于该纵向中心线L的两侧，位于纵向中心线L同一侧的前转轴7和后转轴8的连线平行于该纵向中心线L。此外，两个前转轴7可穿过安装座103的顶板1031，并可一一对应的配合穿过托板5的两个前通孔，并可在前通孔内转动；两个后转轴8也可穿过顶板1031，并可一一对应的配合穿过托板5的两个后通孔，可在后通孔内转动。当托板5在升降装置6的驱动下竖直移动时，前转轴7和后转轴8可相对安装座103转动并相对安装座103竖直移动，从而可通过前转轴7和后转轴8对托板5进行导向，防止其偏斜。
如图8所示，每个前转轴7均可设有两个前凸缘71，两个前凸缘71可沿对应的前转轴7的轴向分布，且两个前凸缘71间的距离不小于托板5的厚度，托板5位于两个前 凸缘71之间，从而可对托板5进行限定，当托板5竖直移动时，可带动前转轴7同步移动。同时，每个后转轴8均可设有两个后凸缘，两个后凸缘可沿对应的后转轴8的轴向分布，且两个后凸缘一一对应的与两个前凸缘71平齐，托板5可限定于两个后凸缘之间。当托板5竖直移动时，可带动后转轴8同步移动，后凸缘的具体结构可参考图8中的前凸缘71。此外，两个前凸缘71和两个后凸缘与托板5之间还可设置垫片等部件，以将托板5夹紧，前转轴7和后转轴8上还可设置套筒等部件，以减小摩擦。
前叉臂9和后叉臂10的数量均可以是两个，且均水平设于托板5上，两个前叉臂9和两个后叉臂10均对称设于车体1的纵向中心线L的两侧，使得该纵向中心线L的同一侧设有一个前叉臂9和一个后叉臂10。两个前叉臂9可一一对应的套设于两个前转轴7的展开前通孔的一端，并可随前转轴7在托板5的上表面以相反的方向转至垂直或平行于纵向中心线L的位置。两个后叉臂10可一一对应的套设于两个后转轴8的展开后通孔的一端，并可随后转轴8在托板5的上表面以相反的方向转至垂直或平行纵向中心线L的位置。当本公开叉臂托举式牵引车水平安装在通道17内的情况下，托板5的上表面是一水平面。
如图12所示，图12中虚线示出了前叉臂9和后叉臂10转至垂直于车体1的纵向中心线L的状态，即前叉臂9和后叉臂10展开时的状态。当两个前叉臂9和两个后叉臂10均转至垂直于车体1的纵向中心线L的位置时，两个前叉臂9从托板5的两侧展开，两个后叉臂10也从托板5的两侧展开，位于纵向中心线L同一侧的前叉臂9和后叉臂10可夹持待牵引车辆的对应侧的车轮；当各前叉臂9和后叉臂10均转至平行于车体1的纵向中心线L的位置时，前叉臂9和后叉臂10均可位于托板5上方，使前叉臂9和后叉臂10并拢，便于车体1带动托板5移动至待牵引车辆的下方。
此外，两个前叉臂9可设有与前转轴7同轴线的前齿轮部，前齿轮部与前叉臂9可以是一体式结构，具体而言，前叉臂9与前转轴7连接的一端的外周面可以是齿轮的齿面结构。当然，前齿轮部也可以是独立的齿轮，该齿轮与前叉臂9或前转轴7固定连接。两个后叉臂10可设有与后转轴8同轴线的后齿轮部，后齿轮部的具体形式可参考前齿轮部，在此不再详述。
如图3至图6所示，在一实施方式中，前叉臂驱动组件可以包括前导向件11、前传动件12和前动力装置13，其中：
前导向件11可以是一导轨，可通过焊接、焊接或利用螺栓连接等方式固定于托板5上。前导向件11可沿平行于车体1的纵向中心线L的直线水平设置，且前导向件11设于两个前叉臂9之间，以将两个前叉臂9分隔于前导向件11的两侧。
前传动件12可以是一滑块，其可配合设于前导向件11上，并可沿前导向件11往复直线移动。同时，前传动件12的两侧面，即与两个前叉臂9正对的侧面均可设有前齿条部，前齿条部与前传动件12可以是一体式结构，也可以是固定连接于前传动件12的独 立的齿条。前传动件12两侧的前齿条部可与两个前叉臂的9前齿轮部啮合，从而可通过前传动件12的往复直线移动带动两个前叉臂9往复转动，以使前叉臂9展开或收回于托板5，在此过程中，两个前叉臂9的转动方向相反，即当一个前叉臂9逆时针转动，另一个前叉臂9顺时针转动。
前动力装置13可设于前叉臂9并远离后叉臂10的一侧，且前动力装置13的中轴线可与车体1的纵向中心线L重合或平行。该前动力装置13可以是液压缸，其可包括缸体和活塞杆，且其缸体可通过焊接、卡接或利用螺栓连接等方式水平固定于托板5上，活塞杆也水平设置并与前传动件12通过焊接、卡接或利用螺栓连接等方式固定连接，且活塞杆的中轴线可与车体1的纵向中心线L平行或重合，从而可通过前动力装置13驱动前传动件12沿前导向件11往复直线移动，以使两个前叉臂9转动。当然，在本公开的其它实施方式中，前动力装置13还可以是气缸或直线电机等，还可以通过电机配合丝杠螺母等传动组件实现托板5的升降，在此不再一一列举。
如图3至图6所示，在一实施方式中，后叉臂驱动组件可以包括后导向件14、后传动件15和后动力装置16，其中：
后导向件14可以是一导轨，可通过焊接、焊接或利用螺栓连接等方式固定于托板5上，并可与前导向件11沿同一平行于车体1的纵向中心线L的直线水平设置，且后导向件14设于两个后叉臂10之间，以将两个后叉臂10分隔于后导向件14的两侧。
后传动件15可配合设于后导向件14上，并可沿后导向件14直线往复滑动。且后传动件15的两侧面可设有后齿条部，后传动件15两侧的后齿条部可与两个后叉臂10的后齿轮部一一对应的啮合，从而可通过后传动件15带动两个后叉臂10往复转动，以使后叉臂10展开或收回于托板5，具体结构和安装方式可参考前传动件12，在此不再详述。
后动力装置16可设于后叉臂10并远离前叉臂9的一侧，且后动力装置16的中轴线也可与车体1的纵向中心线L重合或平行，后动力装置16也可以是液压缸、气缸或直线电机等，可驱动后传动件15沿前导向件11往复直线移动，以使两个后叉臂10转动。具体可参考前动力装置13，在此不再详述。
在一实施方式中，本公开的叉臂托举式牵引车还可以包括控制单元(图中未示出)，该控制单元可以是可编程逻辑控制器或单片机等微控制器，其可控制升降装置6、前叉臂驱动组件的前动力装置13和后叉臂驱动组件的后动力装置16工作，具体控制原理可参考现有微控制器控制液压缸、电机等动力装置的控制方式，在此不再详述。
本公开实施方式的叉臂托举式牵引车，可通过前叉臂驱动组件同时驱动两个前叉臂9转动，通过后叉臂驱动组件同时驱动两个后叉臂10转动，从而实现前叉臂9和后叉臂10的展开和收回，可减少驱动叉臂转动的驱动装置的数量，有利于简化结构，降低成本。同时，可通过前传动件12的水平直线移动带动前叉臂9的转动，通过后传动件15的水平直线移动带动后叉臂10的转动，可避免将前动力装置13和后动力装置16竖直设置， 有利于降低整体高度，便于托举底盘较低的车辆，减小与底盘发生碰撞的风险。此外，可通过升降装置6使托板5升起或落下，可使前叉臂9和后叉臂10同时升起或落下，便于同时托举车辆的两侧的车轮，且在将车轮托起后，可使车体1沿通道17移动，从而在不启动车辆的情况下，牵引车辆移动。
应可理解的是，本公开不将其应用限制到本说明书提出的部件的详细结构和布置方式。本公开能够具有其他实施方式，并且能够以多种方式实现并且执行。前述变形形式和修改形式落在本公开的范围内。应可理解的是，本说明书公开和限定的本公开延伸到文中和/或附图中提到或明显的两个或两个以上单独特征的所有可替代组合。所有这些不同的组合构成本公开的多个可替代方面。本说明书所述的实施方式说明了已知用于实现本公开的最佳方式，并且将使本领域技术人员能够利用本公开。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，包括：
    车体，能设于一通道内；
    托板，设于所述车体上方；
    升降装置，设于所述车体与所述托板之间，用于驱动所述托板升降；
    前叉臂组件，包括设于所述托板上的两个前叉臂，两个所述前叉臂分居所述车体的纵向中心线两侧并能在所述托板的上表面转动，以从所述托板的两侧展开或收回；
    后叉臂组件，包括设于所述托板上的两个后叉臂，两个所述后叉臂分居所述纵向中心线两侧并能在所述托板的上表面转动，以从所述托板的两侧展开或收回；
    前叉臂驱动组件，包括设于所述托板上的前传动件和前动力装置，所述前传动件与两个所述前叉臂连接，所述前动力装置用于驱动所述前传动件水平直线移动，以带动两个所述前叉臂转动，所述前动力装置的中轴线与所述纵向中心线重合或平行；
    后叉臂驱动组件，包括设于所述托板上的后传动件和后动力装置，所述后传动件与两个所述后叉臂连接，所述后动力装置用于驱动所述后传动件水平直线移动，以带动两个所述后叉臂转动，所述后动力装置的中轴线与所述纵向中心线重合或平行。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，两个所述前叉臂均设有前齿轮部，所述前传动件设有与各所述前齿轮部啮合的前齿条部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，所述前齿轮部与对应的所述前叉臂为一体式结构，所述前传动件与所述前齿条部为一体式结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，两个所述后叉臂均设有后齿轮部，所述后传动件设有与各所述后齿轮部啮合的后齿条部。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，所述后齿轮部与对应的所述后叉臂为一体式结构，所述后传动件与所述后齿条部为一体式结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，所述前叉臂驱动组件还包括前导向件，所述前导向件设于所述托板且位于两个所述前叉臂之间，所述前传动件滑动配合于所述前导向件。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于所述后叉臂驱动组件还包括后导向件，所述后导向件设于所述托板且位于两个所述后叉臂之间，所述后传动件滑动配合于所述后导向件。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，所述升降装置、所述前动力装置和所述后动力装置中的一个或多个为液压缸、气缸或直线电机。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，所述前叉臂组件包括两个前转轴，两个所述前转轴可转动地穿设于所述车体，且竖直穿过所述托板并 一一对应的与两个所述前叉臂连接，所述前转轴能随所述托板竖直移动。
  10. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，所述后叉臂组件包括两个后转轴，两个所述后转轴可转动地穿设于所述车体，且竖直穿过所述托板并一一对应的与两个所述后叉臂连接，所述前转轴能随所述托板竖直移动。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，每个所述前转轴沿轴向设有两个前凸缘，所述托板限定于两个所述前凸缘之间。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，每个所述后转轴沿轴向设有两个后凸缘，所述托板限定于两个所述后凸缘之间。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，所述车体包括两个纵梁、连接于两个所述纵梁之间的两个横梁以及安装座，所述安装座包括平行设置且连接的顶板和底板，所述顶板可拆卸地连接于两个所述横梁，所述升降装置设于所述底板并穿过所述顶板与所述托板连接，所述前转轴转动连接于所述底板并穿过所述顶板与所述托板连接。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，所述车体包括两个纵梁、连接于两个所述纵梁之间的两个横梁以及安装座，所述安装座包括平行设置且连接的顶板和底板，所述顶板可拆卸地连接于两个所述横梁，所述升降装置设于所述底板并穿过所述顶板与所述托板连接，所述后转轴均转动连接于所述底板并穿过所述顶板与所述托板连接。
  15. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，所述叉臂托举式牵引车还包括：
    多个车轮，对称设于所述车体底部并能滚动配合于所述通道内的一导轨；
    牵引驱动装置，设于所述车体并与多个所述车轮传动连接，用于驱动多个所述车轮沿所述导轨滚动。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的叉臂托举式牵引车，其特征在于，多个所述车轮包括前轮和后轮，所述牵引驱动装置包括前电机和后电机，所述前电机通过前传动组件与所述前轮连接，用于驱动所述前轮转动，所述后电机通过后传动组件与所述后轮连接，用于驱动所述后轮转动。
PCT/CN2018/122439 2017-12-27 2018-12-20 叉臂托举式牵引车 WO2019128846A1 (zh)

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