WO2018221568A1 - 液晶を用いた移相変調素子用機能性樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
液晶を用いた移相変調素子用機能性樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018221568A1 WO2018221568A1 PCT/JP2018/020720 JP2018020720W WO2018221568A1 WO 2018221568 A1 WO2018221568 A1 WO 2018221568A1 JP 2018020720 W JP2018020720 W JP 2018020720W WO 2018221568 A1 WO2018221568 A1 WO 2018221568A1
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- resin composition
- liquid crystal
- polyamic acid
- functional resin
- methyl
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1042—Copolyimides derived from at least two different tetracarboxylic compounds or two different diamino compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a functional resin composition used for a phase shift modulator using liquid crystal, a drive control film obtained from the composition, and a phase shift modulation element including the same.
- Liquid crystal is promising as a high-frequency phase shifter material because its dielectric constant can be easily controlled by a change in orientation accompanying voltage application (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-120208 (Patent Document 1)).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-120208
- Conventional satellite communications have mainly used a combination of geostationary satellites and fixed parabolic antennas.
- a drive system for tracking the satellite is indispensable, and there is a drawback that the apparatus becomes large and expensive.
- This antenna has a structure in which a liquid crystal is sandwiched between two glass substrates, and controls the direction of radio waves to be transmitted and received by driving the liquid crystal.
- the liquid crystal mounted on the high-frequency phase shifter described above is used for a liquid crystal display element from the viewpoint of having a large dielectric anisotropy with respect to the electromagnetic wave in the microwave band in order to control the phase of the electromagnetic wave.
- Different special liquid crystals are used.
- a thin film hereinafter also referred to as a drive control film
- a drive control film is provided between the glass substrate and the liquid crystal.
- the drive control film can be used in harsh external environments such as outdoors when applying the high-frequency phase shifter to a planar antenna. High durability that can withstand continuous driving is required. However, it is generally known that a liquid crystal having a large dielectric anisotropy has a low applied voltage holding ratio and poor durability.
- An object of the present invention is obtained from a functional resin composition capable of holding a voltage applied at the time of driving a liquid crystal with high accuracy and capable of obtaining a drive control film having high durability, and the composition. It is to provide a high-frequency phaser provided with a drive control film.
- a functional resin composition for a liquid crystal drive control film of a microwave phase shifter element using liquid crystal which contains at least one polymer selected from a polyamic acid derivative and a polyimide which is an imidized product thereof.
- the driving of the liquid crystal mounted on the high-frequency phase shifter can be controlled with high accuracy, and a highly durable drive control film can be obtained.
- the functional resin composition according to the present invention is for a liquid crystal drive control film of a microwave phase shifter element using liquid crystal, and is at least one selected from a polyamic acid derivative and a polyimide which is an imidized product thereof. It contains a seed polymer.
- microwave phase-shifting modulation element using liquid crystal can control the dielectric constant by the change in orientation accompanying the voltage application of liquid crystal, and can arbitrarily control the amplitude and phase of high-frequency signals such as microwaves and millimeter waves. Means an element.
- liquid crystal drive control film refers to a film having a voltage holding characteristic that can control liquid crystal drive with high accuracy.
- the functional resin composition of the present invention has a voltage holding ratio (initial value) obtained by measuring according to the following voltage holding ratio measurement test of 90% or more, and The voltage holding ratio (value after the durability test) is 80% or more.
- a liquid crystal drive control film is formed by spin-coating and baking a functional resin composition of an object on a glass substrate, and a liquid crystal cell is produced using the liquid crystal drive control film. Applying a voltage of 5 V to the liquid crystal cell at a temperature of 70 ° C.
- the liquid crystal cell was allowed to stand at a temperature of 100 ° C. for 200 hours, and then returned to room temperature. Similarly to the initial value, a voltage of 5 V was applied to the liquid crystal cell at a temperature of 70 ° C. for 60 ⁇ s. The voltage after 67 ms is measured to obtain the voltage holding ratio (value after the durability test). More specifically, the voltage holding ratio measurement test can be performed according to the method described in the examples described later.
- the voltage holding ratio can be measured and calculated according to a conventional apparatus / method.
- a conventional apparatus for example, a voltage holding ratio measurement system (VHR-AMP01, manufactured by Toyo Corporation) can be cited.
- VHR-AMP01 a voltage holding ratio measurement system
- a conventional method for example, refer to “TFT-LCD voltage holding characteristics I”, Proceedings of the 14th Liquid Crystal Symposium Symposium, No.2B110, pp.78-79 (1998). it can.
- the polymer contained in the functional resin composition of the present invention is at least one selected from a polyamic acid derivative and a polyimide which is an imidized product thereof, and is excellent in that the driving of liquid crystal can be controlled with high accuracy. As long as it has a high voltage durability and a high durability, it is not particularly limited.
- examples of the polymer that can be used in the present invention include polyamic acid derivatives obtained by polymerizing at least one tetracarboxylic acid derivative component selected from tetracarboxylic acid and derivatives thereof and a diamine component, Examples thereof include polyimide obtained by imidizing a polyamic acid derivative.
- the polymer may be in the form of a branched polymer such as a dendrimer, a hyperbranched polymer, or a star-like polymer, or a noncovalent polymer such as polycatenan or polyrotaxane.
- a monomer for synthesizing these polymers when the polymer is a polyamic acid derivative or a polyimide, at least one tetracarboxylic acid component selected from tetracarboxylic acid and its derivatives and a diamine component can be mentioned. .
- the polymer or the monomer for synthesizing these polymers may be one kind, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- a polyamic acid derivative refers to a polyamic acid and polyamic acid ester.
- a polyamic acid derivative (hereinafter also referred to as a specific polymer), obtained by imidizing this polyamic acid derivative, is obtained. At least one polymer selected from polyimides is preferred.
- the polymer suitably used for the functional resin composition of the present invention is a voltage obtained by measuring the functional resin composition according to the following voltage holding ratio measurement test.
- the holding ratio (initial value) is 90% or more, and the voltage holding ratio (value after the durability test) is selected to be 80% or more.
- the polymer contained in the functional resin composition of the present invention can be produced according to a commonly used conventional method.
- a polyamic acid derivative or a polyimide can be obtained by polymerizing at least one tetracarboxylic acid derivative component selected from tetracarboxylic acid and its derivatives and a diamine component.
- the polyamic acid derivative which is a specific polymer contained in the functional resin composition of the present invention can be represented by the following formula (1).
- X 1 is a tetravalent organic group derived from a tetracarboxylic acid derivative
- Y 1 is a divalent organic group derived from a diamine
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkylene having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Represents. From the viewpoint of easy progress of the imidization reaction during heating, R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, and more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- a 1 and A 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, or an alkynyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- a 1 and A 2 are preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- a 1 and A 2 including preferred examples, have the same definitions as A 1 and A 2 in the above formula (1).
- An example of the structure of Y 1 in Formula (2) is as follows.
- n is an integer of 1 to 6
- m is an integer of 1 to 12.
- Boc represents a tert-butoxycarbonyl group.
- Examples of the structure capable of further manifesting the effects of the present invention include the formula (Y-7) to the formula (Y-9), the formula (Y-14), the formula (Y-16) among the exemplary formulas of the structure of Y 1 described above. ) To formula (Y-18), formula (Y-20), formula (Y-21), formula (Y-27), formula (Y-28), formula (Y-32), formula (Y-43) Formula (Y-56), Formula (Y-62), Formula (Y-63), Formula (Y-67), Formula (Y-68), Formula (Y-72) to Formula (Y-75), Formula (Y-149) to Formula (Y-153), Formula (Y-164) to Formula (Y-167), Formula (Y-169), Formula (Y-174), Formula (Y-176), Formula (Y-182) and formula (Y-185).
- formula (Y-8), formula (Y-16) to formula (Y-18), formula (Y-20), formula (Y-28), formula (Y-63), formula (Y-68) ), Formula (Y-72), formula (Y-75), formula (Y-149), formula (Y-153), formula (Y-164), formula (Y-165), formula (Y-167) And (Y-174) is more preferable.
- the diamine containing the preferred structure mentioned above is preferably 10 mol% to 100 mol%, more preferably 30 mol% to 100 mol%, based on the total diamine component. If the aromatic carboxylic acid structure is excessively contained, the voltage holding ratio may be lowered. Therefore, the diamine having an aromatic carboxylic acid structure is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 30% or less.
- the tetracarboxylic acid derivative component for producing the polymer having the structural unit of the above formula (1) contained in the functional resin composition of the present invention includes not only tetracarboxylic dianhydride but also its tetra
- a tetracarboxylic acid, a tetracarboxylic acid dihalide compound, a tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester compound or a tetracarboxylic acid dialkyl ester dihalide compound which is a carboxylic acid derivative can also be used.
- the “at least one polymer selected from the polyamic acid derivatives and the imidized polyimide thereof” is a tetracarboxylic acid derivative component containing tetracarboxylic dianhydride and a diamine component.
- a reactant is preferred.
- the tetracarboxylic dianhydride or derivative thereof has an alicyclic structure.
- tetracarboxylic dianhydride or a derivative thereof it is more preferable to use at least one selected from the tetracarboxylic dianhydrides represented by the following formula (3) or a derivative thereof.
- X 1 is a tetravalent organic group, and the structure thereof is not particularly limited. X 1 preferably has an alicyclic structure.
- X 1 include the following formulas (X-1) to (X-25). These are tetracarboxylic dianhydrides represented by the formula (3) or derivatives thereof, which have an alicyclic structure and are aliphatic acid anhydrides.
- the aliphatic dianhydride refers to an acid dianhydride in which the carboxylic acid involved in the imidization reaction is an aliphatic carboxylic acid.
- R 3 to R 23 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, These are an alkynyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a monovalent organic group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms containing a fluorine atom, or a phenyl group, which may be the same or different.
- R 3 to R 23 are preferably a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, and more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- X 1 is defined by formulas (X-1) to (X-9), formula (X-11), formula (X-12), and A structure represented by formula (X-21) can be given. More specific examples of X 1 include the following formulas (X-1) to (X-9) and (X-21).
- the formula (X1-1), formula (X1-2), formula (X-5), formula (X-7), formula (X X-8), formula (X-9), formula (X-11), formula (X-12), and formula (X-21) are particularly preferred.
- X a include (Xa-1) to (Xa-20). These are aromatic anhydrides in the tetracarboxylic dianhydride or derivative thereof represented by the formula (3), and are aromatic anhydrides.
- m represents an integer of 1 to 12.
- the tetracarboxylic acid derivative component for producing the polymer having the structural unit of the above formula (1) contained in the functional resin composition of the present invention includes fat It is preferable to contain a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having a cyclic structure.
- a tetracarboxylic acid derivative component an aromatic anhydride having an aromatic ring structure can be used, but even in this case, it is preferable to use it in combination with a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having an alicyclic structure.
- X 1 is represented by the formula (X-1) And (X-25).
- Xa is represented by the formulas (Xa-1) to (Xa-20).
- X 1 selected from the formulas (X-1) to (X-25) is used as a tetracarboxylic dianhydride or a derivative thereof. If necessary, in Formula (4), Xa selected from Formulas (Xa-1) to (Xa-20) can be used in further combination.
- the polycarboxylic acid derivative and the tetracarboxylic dianhydride which is a raw material of the polyimide described in the present invention and derivatives thereof are represented by the above formula (3) with respect to 1 mol of all tetracarboxylic dianhydrides and derivatives thereof. It is preferable to contain 10 to 100 mol% of tetracarboxylic dianhydride and its derivatives. In order to obtain durability with a high voltage holding ratio, 30 mol% to 100 mol% is more preferable, and 50 mol% to 100 mol% is further preferable.
- the polyamic acid which is a polyamic acid derivative used in the present invention can be synthesized by the method shown below. Specifically, tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine are reacted in the presence of an organic solvent at ⁇ 20 ° C. to 150 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 50 ° C. for 30 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 to 12 hours. Can be synthesized.
- the organic solvent used in the above reaction is preferably N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, or ⁇ -butyrolactone in view of the solubility of the monomer and polymer. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. It may be used.
- the concentration of the polymer is preferably 1 to 30% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 20% by mass from the viewpoint that polymer precipitation is difficult to occur and a high molecular weight body is easily obtained.
- the polyamic acid obtained as described above can be recovered by precipitating the polymer by pouring into the poor solvent while thoroughly stirring the reaction solution. Moreover, the powder of polyamic acid refine
- a poor solvent is not specifically limited, Water, methanol, ethanol, hexane, butyl cellosolve, acetone, toluene etc. are mentioned.
- the polyamic acid ester which is one of the polyamic acid derivatives used in the present invention can be synthesized by the following method (PAE-1), (PAE-2) or (PAE-3).
- the polyamic acid ester can be synthesized by esterifying a polyamic acid obtained from tetracarboxylic dianhydride and diamine. Specifically, the polyamic acid and the esterifying agent are reacted in the presence of an organic solvent at ⁇ 20 ° C. to 150 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 50 ° C., for 30 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 to 4 hours. Can be synthesized.
- the esterifying agent is preferably one that can be easily removed by purification, and N, N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal, N, N-dimethylformamide diethyl acetal, N, N-dimethylformamide dipropyl acetal, N, N-dimethylformamide Dineopentyl butyl acetal, N, N-dimethylformamide di-t-butyl acetal, 1-methyl-3-p-tolyltriazene, 1-ethyl-3-p-tolyltriazene, 1-propyl-3-p -Tolyltriazene, 4- (4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) -4-methylmorpholinium chloride and the like.
- the addition amount of the esterifying agent is preferably 2 to 6 molar equivalents per 1 mol of the polyamic acid repeating unit.
- the solvent used in the above reaction is preferably N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, or ⁇ -butyrolactone in view of polymer solubility. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Good.
- the concentration at the time of synthesis is preferably 1 to 30% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 20% by mass from the viewpoint that polymer precipitation is unlikely to occur and a high molecular weight product is easily obtained.
- the polyamic acid ester can be synthesized from tetracarboxylic acid diester dichloride and diamine. Specifically, tetracarboxylic acid diester dichloride and diamine in the presence of a base and an organic solvent at ⁇ 20 ° C. to 150 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 50 ° C., for 30 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 to 4 hours. It can be synthesized by reacting.
- pyridine triethylamine, 4-dimethylaminopyridine and the like can be used, but pyridine is preferable because the reaction proceeds gently.
- the addition amount of the base is preferably 2 to 4 times the molar amount of the tetracarboxylic acid diester dichloride from the viewpoint of easy removal and high molecular weight.
- the solvent used in the above reaction is preferably N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or ⁇ -butyrolactone from the solubility of the monomer and polymer, and these may be used alone or in combination.
- the polymer concentration at the time of synthesis is preferably 1 to 30% by mass, and more preferably 5 to 20% by mass from the viewpoint that polymer precipitation is difficult to occur and a high molecular weight product is easily obtained.
- the solvent used for the synthesis of the polyamic acid ester is preferably dehydrated as much as possible, and it is preferable to prevent mixing of outside air in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the polyamic acid ester can be synthesized by polycondensation of a tetracarboxylic acid diester and a diamine.
- tetracarboxylic acid diester and diamine in the presence of a condensing agent, a base, and an organic solvent at 0 ° C. to 150 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 100 ° C., for 30 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 3 to 15 It can synthesize
- condensing agent examples include triphenyl phosphite, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride, N, N′-carbonyldiimidazole, dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazide.
- Nylmethylmorpholinium O- (benzotriazol-1-yl) -N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethyluronium tetrafluoroborate, O- (benzotriazol-1-yl) -N, N , N ′, N′-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate, (2,3-dihydro-2-thioxo-3-benzoxazolyl) phosphonate diphenyl, and the like.
- the addition amount of the condensing agent is preferably 2 to 3 times the molar amount of the tetracarboxylic acid diester.
- tertiary amines such as pyridine and triethylamine can be used.
- the addition amount of the base is preferably 2 to 4 times mol with respect to the diamine component from the viewpoint of easy removal and high molecular weight.
- the reaction proceeds efficiently by adding Lewis acid as an additive.
- Lewis acid lithium halides such as lithium chloride and lithium bromide are preferable.
- the addition amount of the Lewis acid is preferably 0 to 1.0 times mol with respect to the diamine component.
- the method for synthesizing (PAE-2) or (PAE-3) is particularly preferable.
- the polymer solution can be precipitated by injecting the polyamic acid ester solution obtained as described above into a poor solvent while stirring well. Precipitation is performed several times, and after washing with a poor solvent, a purified polyamic acid ester powder can be obtained at room temperature or by heating and drying.
- a poor solvent is not specifically limited, Water, methanol, ethanol, hexane, butyl cellosolve, acetone, toluene etc. are mentioned.
- the polyimide used in the present invention can be produced by imidizing the polyamic acid ester or polyamic acid.
- chemical imidization in which a basic catalyst is added to the polyamic acid ester solution or the polyamic acid ester solution obtained by dissolving the polyamic acid ester resin powder in an organic solvent is simple.
- Chemical imidization is preferable because the imidization reaction proceeds at a relatively low temperature and the molecular weight of the polymer does not easily decrease during the imidization process.
- Chemical imidation can be performed by stirring the polyamic acid ester to be imidized in an organic solvent in the presence of a basic catalyst.
- a basic catalyst include pyridine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, tributylamine, trioctylamine and the like. Of these, triethylamine is preferred because it has sufficient basicity to allow the reaction to proceed.
- the temperature during the imidation reaction is ⁇ 20 ° C. to 140 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 100 ° C., and the reaction time can be 1 to 100 hours.
- the amount of the basic catalyst is 0.5 to 30 moles, preferably 2 to 20 moles, of the amic acid ester group.
- the imidation ratio of the resulting polymer can be controlled by adjusting the amount of catalyst, temperature, and reaction time. Since the added catalyst remains in the solution after the imidation reaction, the obtained imidized polymer is recovered by the means described below, and redissolved in an organic solvent, and the functionality of the present invention.
- a resin composition is preferred.
- Chemical imidation can be performed by stirring a polymer to be imidized in an organic solvent in the presence of a basic catalyst and an acid anhydride.
- a basic catalyst include pyridine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, tributylamine, trioctylamine and the like. Of these, pyridine is preferable because it has an appropriate basicity for proceeding with the reaction.
- the acid anhydride include acetic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride and the like. Among them, use of acetic anhydride is preferable because purification after completion of the reaction is facilitated.
- the temperature during the imidation reaction is ⁇ 20 ° C. to 140 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 100 ° C., and the reaction time can be 1 to 100 hours.
- the amount of the basic catalyst is 0.5 to 30 mol times, preferably 2 to 20 mol times the amic acid group, and the amount of the acid anhydride is 1 to 50 mol times, preferably 3 to 30 mol times the amic acid group. Is double.
- the imidation ratio of the resulting polymer can be controlled by adjusting the amount of catalyst, temperature, and reaction time.
- the functional resin composition of the present invention is preferable.
- the polyimide solution obtained as described above can be polymerized by pouring into a poor solvent while stirring well. Precipitation is performed several times, and after washing with a poor solvent, a purified polyamic acid ester powder can be obtained at room temperature or by heating and drying.
- the poor solvent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include methanol, acetone, hexane, butyl cellosolve, heptane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethanol, toluene, and benzene.
- the functional resin composition according to the present invention has a form of a solution in which a polymer having a specific structure is dissolved in an organic solvent.
- the molecular weight of the polyamic acid derivative and polyimide used in the functional resin composition of the present invention is preferably 2,000 to 500,000, more preferably 5,000 to 300,000, and even more preferably, in terms of weight average molecular weight. 10,000 to 100,000.
- the number average molecular weight is preferably 1,000 to 250,000, more preferably 2,500 to 150,000, and still more preferably 5,000 to 50,000.
- the concentration of the polymer in the functional resin composition according to the present invention can be appropriately changed depending on the setting of the thickness of the coating film to be formed, but it is 1% in terms of forming a uniform and defect-free coating film. % From the viewpoint of storage stability of the solution, and preferably 10% by weight or less.
- the solvent used in the functional resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent (also referred to as a good solvent) that dissolves the polymer described in the present invention.
- a solvent also referred to as a good solvent
- a good solvent is given to the following, it is not limited to these examples.
- N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, 3-methoxy-N, N-dimethylpropanamide, and 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone are preferably used.
- D 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- D 2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- D-3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- the good solvent in the functional resin composition of the present invention is preferably 20 to 99% by mass, more preferably 20 to 90% by mass, and particularly preferably 30 to 80% by mass of the total solvent.
- the functional resin composition is a solvent (also referred to as a poor solvent) that improves the coating properties and surface smoothness of the functional resin composition when the functional resin composition is applied.
- a solvent also referred to as a poor solvent
- These poor solvents are preferably 1 to 80% by mass of the total solvent contained in the functional resin composition. Of these, 10 to 80% by mass is preferable. More preferred is 20 to 70% by mass.
- the poor solvent isopropyl alcohol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, isobutyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-pentanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, isopentyl alcohol, tert-pentyl alcohol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, neopentyl alcohol, 1-hexanol, 2-methyl-1-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, 1-heptanol 2-heptanol, 3-heptanol, 1-octanol, 2-octanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, cyclohexanol, 1-methylcyclohexanol, 2-methylcyclohexanol, 3-methylcyclohexanol, 1,2-
- dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether diacetone alcohol, diisopentyl ether, propylene glycol diacetate, 1-butoxy-2-propanol, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, butyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve acetate, diisobutyl ketone, ethyl carbitol or dicarbyl It is preferable to use propylene glycol dimethyl ether.
- the functional resin composition of the present invention includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a crosslinkable compound having an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an oxetane group or a cyclocarbonate group, a hydroxyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group and a lower alkoxyalkyl group.
- a crosslinkable compound having a substituent or a crosslinkable compound having a polymerizable unsaturated bond may be included. It is necessary to have two or more of these substituents and polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the crosslinkable compound.
- crosslinkable compound having an epoxy group or an isocyanate group examples include bisphenolacetone glycidyl ether, phenol novolac epoxy resin, cresol novolac epoxy resin, triglycidyl isocyanurate, tetraglycidylaminodiphenylene, tetraglycidyl-m-xylenediamine, tetra Glycidyl-1,3-bis (aminoethyl) cyclohexane, tetraphenyl glycidyl ether ethane, triphenyl glycidyl ether ethane, bisphenol hexafluoroacetodiglycidyl ether, 1,3-bis (1- (2,3-epoxypropoxy)- 1-trifluoromethyl-2,2,2-trifluoromethyl) benzene, 4,4-bis (2,3-epoxypropoxy) octafluorobiphenyl Triglycidyl-p-amin
- the crosslinkable compound having an oxetane group is a compound having at least two oxetane groups represented by the following formula [4A].
- crosslinkable compounds represented by the formulas [4a] to [4k] published on pages 58 to 59 of International Publication No. WO2011 / 132751 (published 2011.10.27).
- the crosslinkable compound having a cyclocarbonate group is a crosslinkable compound having at least two cyclocarbonate groups represented by the following formula [5A].
- Examples of the crosslinkable compound having at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group and an alkoxyl group include an amino resin having a hydroxyl group or an alkoxyl group, such as a melamine resin, a urea resin, a guanamine resin, and a glycoluril.
- a melamine derivative, a benzoguanamine derivative, or glycoluril in which a hydrogen atom of an amino group is substituted with a methylol group, an alkoxymethyl group, or both can be used.
- the melamine derivative or benzoguanamine derivative can exist as a dimer or a trimer. These preferably have an average of 3 to 6 methylol
- Examples of the melamine derivative or benzoguanamine derivative include MX-750, which has an average of 3.7 substituted methoxymethyl groups per triazine ring, and an average of 5.8 methoxymethyl groups per triazine ring.
- MX-750 which has an average of 3.7 substituted methoxymethyl groups per triazine ring, and an average of 5.8 methoxymethyl groups per triazine ring.
- MW-30 manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Methoxymethylated ethoxymethyl Benzomethylamine methoxymethylated butoxymethylated benzoguanamine such as Cymel 1123-10, butoxymethylated benzoguanamine such as Cymel 1128, carboxyl group-containing methoxymethylated ethoxymethylated benzoguanamine such as Cymel 1125-80 (Mitsui Cyanamid) For example).
- glycoluril include butoxymethylated glycoluril such as Cymel 1170, methylolated glycoluril such as Cymel 1172, and methoxymethylolated glycoluril such as Powderlink 1174.
- Examples of the benzene or phenolic compound having a hydroxyl group or an alkoxyl group include 1,3,5-tris (methoxymethyl) benzene, 1,2,4-tris (isopropoxymethyl) benzene, 1,4-bis ( sec-butoxymethyl) benzene or 2,6-dihydroxymethyl-p-tert-butylphenol.
- crosslinkable compounds of the formulas [6-1] to [6-48] described on pages 62 to 66 of International Publication No. WO2011 / 132751 (published 2011.10.27) can be mentioned. It is done.
- crosslinkable compound having a polymerizable unsaturated bond examples include trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, and tri (meth) acryloyloxyethoxytrimethylol.
- Crosslinkable compounds having three polymerizable unsaturated groups in the molecule such as propane or glycerin polyglycidyl ether poly (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (Meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, butylene glycol Rudi (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, ethylene oxide bisphenol A type di (meth) acrylate, propylene oxide bisphenol type di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, glycerin Di (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol di (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol diglycidyl
- E 1 represents a group selected from the group consisting of a cyclohexane ring, a bicyclohexane ring, a benzene ring, a biphenyl ring, a terphenyl ring, a naphthalene ring, a fluorene ring, an anthracene ring or a phenanthrene ring; 2 represents a group selected from the following formula [7a] or [7b], and n represents an integer of 1 to 4.
- crosslinkable compound used for the functional resin composition of the present invention may be one kind or a combination of two or more kinds.
- the content of the crosslinkable compound is preferably 0.1 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of all polymer components.
- the amount is preferably 0.1 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymer component. More preferred is 1 to 50 parts by mass.
- the functional resin composition of the present invention further uses a compound that improves the uniformity of the film thickness and surface smoothness of the drive control film when the functional resin composition is applied unless the effects of the present invention are impaired. be able to.
- Examples of the compound that improves the film thickness uniformity and surface smoothness of the drive control film include fluorine-based surfactants, silicone-based surfactants, and nonionic surfactants. More specifically, for example, F-top EF301, EF303, EF352 (above, manufactured by Tochem Products), MegaFuck F171, F173, R-30 (above, manufactured by Dainippon Ink), Florard FC430, FC431 (or more) And Asahi Guard AG710, Surflon S-382, SC101, SC102, SC103, SC104, SC105, SC106 (above, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.).
- fluorine-based surfactants silicone-based surfactants
- nonionic surfactants More specifically, for example, F-top EF301, EF303, EF352 (above, manufactured by Tochem Products), MegaFuck F171, F173, R-30 (above, manufactured by Dainippon Ink), Florard FC430, FC431 (or more
- the amount of the surfactant used is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of all the polymer components contained in the functional resin composition. is there.
- the functional resin composition of the present invention includes a compound disclosed in International Publication No. WO2011 / 132751 (2011.10.27) as a compound that promotes charge transfer in the drive control film and promotes charge loss of the device.
- Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic amine compounds represented by the formulas [M1] to [M156] listed on pages 69 to 73 can also be added.
- the amine compound may be added directly to the functional resin composition, but is preferably added after a solution having a concentration of 0.1 to 10% by mass, preferably 1 to 7% by mass.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as the functional resin composition is dissolved.
- the functional resin composition of the present invention includes the effects of the present invention in addition to the above-mentioned poor solvent, crosslinkable compound, resin film or compound that improves the film thickness uniformity and surface smoothness of the drive control film. Is within the range in which the polymer is not impaired, a polymer other than the polymer described in the present invention, a silane coupling agent for the purpose of improving the adhesion between the drive control film and the substrate, and a polyamic when the coating film is baked. An imidization accelerator for the purpose of efficiently proceeding imidization by heating of the acid derivative may be added. *
- the drive control film according to the present invention can be obtained by applying the functional resin composition according to the present invention to a substrate, drying and baking.
- the substrate to be used has a small dielectric loss with respect to microwaves.
- a glass substrate or a plastic substrate can be used.
- the electrode substrate of the liquid crystal phase modulator is a waveguide
- the electrode formed on the substrate functions as the wall of the waveguide. Therefore, it is necessary to suppress the transmission of microwaves to the electrode, and the electrode is composed of a relatively thick metal layer.
- a metal layer include a Cu layer and an Al layer.
- the thickness of the Cu layer is set to 3.3 ⁇ m or more
- the thickness of the Al layer is set to 4.0 ⁇ m or more.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the metal layer constituting the electrode is not particularly limited, but considering the formation of the alignment film, it is preferably thinner if it is thin.
- the metal layer When a Cu layer is used as the metal layer, it is thinner than the Al layer. It has the advantage of being able to.
- the waveguide of the scanning planar antenna is composed of air and glass, it is preferable that the glass is thinner from the viewpoint of reducing the waveguide loss. It is preferably 400 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 300 ⁇ m or less.
- a scanning planar antenna having a liquid crystal phase modulator changes the phase of the microwave radiated from each electrode by changing the capacitance of the liquid crystal.
- the liquid crystal to be used preferably has a large dielectric anisotropy with respect to microwaves, and preferably has a small dielectric loss tangent with respect to microwaves.
- the application method of the functional resin composition is not particularly limited, but industrially, a method performed by screen printing, offset printing, flexographic printing, an inkjet method, or the like is common.
- Other coating methods include a dipping method, a slit coater method, a spinner method, or a spray method, and these may be used depending on the purpose.
- the solvent can be evaporated by a heating means such as a hot plate, a thermal circulation oven, or an IR (infrared) oven to form a drive control film.
- a heating means such as a hot plate, a thermal circulation oven, or an IR (infrared) oven to form a drive control film.
- Arbitrary temperature and time can be selected for the drying and baking steps after applying the functional resin composition of the present invention.
- a condition of baking at 50 to 120 ° C. for 1 to 10 minutes and then baking at 150 to 300 ° C. for 5 to 120 minutes is mentioned in order to sufficiently remove the contained solvent.
- the thickness of the drive control film after firing is too thin, the reliability of the phase shift modulator may be lowered. Therefore, the thickness is preferably 5 to 300 nm, and more preferably 10 to 200 nm.
- the functional resin composition of the present invention can be used as a drive control film after being applied and baked on a substrate, followed by an alignment treatment such as a rubbing treatment or a photo-alignment treatment.
- a liquid crystal driving element having a passive matrix structure As an example of a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal cell, a liquid crystal driving element having a passive matrix structure will be described as an example. Note that an active matrix phase-shift modulation element in which a switching element such as a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) is provided in each pixel portion may be used.
- a switching element such as a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) is provided in each pixel portion
- a transparent glass substrate is prepared, and a common electrode is provided on one substrate and a segment electrode is provided on the other substrate.
- These electrodes can be ITO electrodes, for example, and are patterned so as to be able to drive a desired liquid crystal.
- a drive control film is formed on each substrate, the other substrate is superposed on one substrate so that the drive control film faces each other, and the periphery is bonded with a sealant.
- a spacer is usually mixed in the sealant, and it is preferable to spray a spacer for controlling the substrate gap on the in-plane portion where no sealant is provided.
- a part of the sealant is provided with an opening that can be filled with liquid crystal from the outside.
- a liquid crystal material is injected into the space surrounded by the two substrates and the sealing agent through the opening provided in the sealing agent, and then the opening is sealed with an adhesive.
- a vacuum injection method may be used, or a method utilizing capillary action in the atmosphere may be used.
- the liquid crystal material either a positive liquid crystal material or a negative liquid crystal material may be used.
- a highly durable drive control film can be obtained by using the functional resin composition of the present invention. Therefore, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drive control film obtained from the functional resin composition of the present invention.
- phase shift modulation element including a drive control film, preferably a microwave phase shift modulation element.
- phase-shift modulation element means an element that can arbitrarily control the amplitude and phase of a frequency signal by an external stimulus.
- microwave phase-shifting modulation element means a phase-shifting modulation element corresponding to a high frequency such as a microwave.
- the molecular weight of the polymer in the synthesis example was measured as follows using a normal temperature gel permeation chromatography (GPC) apparatus (SSC-7200) manufactured by Senshu Scientific Co., Ltd. and a column (KD-803, KD-805) manufactured by Shodex.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- Example 1 2.100 g (1.40 mmol) of diamine (Z-1) was taken into a 100 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, added with 28.1 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and stirred while feeding nitrogen. Dissolved. While stirring this solution, 2.69 g (1.37 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-1) was added, and 7.03 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added. And stirred for 15 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. The viscosity of this polyamic acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. was 104 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 2 Add 4.09 g (3.00 mmol) of diamine (Z-12) to a 100 mL four-necked flask containing a stirring bar, add 31.2 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and dissolve by stirring while feeding nitrogen. I let you. While stirring this solution, 5.77 g (2.94 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-1) was added, and 7.79 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 23 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. And stirred for 15 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. The viscosity of this polyamic acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C.
- Example 3 In a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, 4.13 g (2.75 mmol) of diamine (Z-1) and 5.45 g (2.75 mmol) of diamine (Z-2) were taken, and N-methyl-2 -64.2 g of pyrrolidone was added and dissolved by stirring while feeding nitrogen. While stirring this solution, 10.46 g (5.34 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-1) was added, and 16.0 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added. And stirred for 15 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. The viscosity of this polyamic acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. was 799 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 4 8.26 g (5.50 mmol) of diamine (Z-1) is taken in a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, and 113.2 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is added, and dissolved by stirring while feeding nitrogen. I let you. While stirring this solution, 5.39 g (2.75 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-1) was added, and further 28.3 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added, and the mixture was stirred at 23 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. For 2 hours.
- Example 5 8.26 g (5.50 mmol) of diamine (Z-1) is taken into a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, and 111.8 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is added, and dissolved by stirring while feeding nitrogen. I let you. While stirring this solution, 7.55 g (3.85 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-1) was added, and 27.9 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added. For 2 hours. Thereafter, 3.24 g (1.49 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-2) was added and stirred at 23 ° C. for 15 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a polyamic acid solution. The viscosity of this polyamic acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. was 168 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 6 Add 3.15 g (1.30 mmol) of diamine (Z-3) to a 100 mL four-necked flask containing a stirring bar, add 25.8 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and dissolve by stirring while feeding nitrogen. I let you. While stirring this solution, 2.54 g (1.29 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-1) was added, and 6.44 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added. And stirred for 15 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. The viscosity of this polyamic acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. was 78 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 7 In a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, 6.52 g (3.29 mmol) of diamine (Z-2) and 3.42 g (1.41 mmol) of diamine (Z-3) were taken, and N-methyl-2 -69.3 g of pyrrolidone was added and dissolved by stirring while feeding nitrogen. While stirring this solution, 11.70 g (4.68 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-3) was added, and 17.31 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added, and the mixture was heated at 60 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. And stirred for 4 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. The viscosity of this polyamic acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. was 383 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 8> In a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, 3.89 g (1.96 mmol) of diamine (Z-2) and 3.33 g (0.84 mmol) of diamine (Z-9) were taken, and N-methyl-2 -88.2 g of pyrrolidone was added and dissolved by stirring while feeding nitrogen. While stirring this solution, 6.15 g (2.74 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-4) was added, and 9.80 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added. And stirred for 15 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. The viscosity of this polyamic acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. was 319 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 9 In a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, 3.26 g (3.01 mmol) of diamine (Z-5) and 7.18 g (1.29 mmol) of diamine (Z-4) were taken, and N-methyl-2 -63.3 g of pyrrolidone was added and dissolved by stirring while feeding nitrogen. While stirring this solution, 5.38 g (2.15 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-3) was added, and 15.82 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added. For 4 hours.
- Example 10 In a 100 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, 0.76 g (0.70 mmol) of diamine (Z-5) and 0.78 g (0.30 mmol) of diamine (Z-10) were taken, and N-methyl-2 -11.9 g of pyrrolidone was added and dissolved by stirring while feeding nitrogen. While stirring this solution, 1.25 g (0.50 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-3) was added, and 2.97 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added. For 4 hours.
- T-1 tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- Example 11 In a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, 3.78 g (3.50 mmol) of diamine (Z-5) and 2.99 g (1.50 mmol) of diamine (Z-11) were taken, and N-methyl-2 -103.5 g of pyrrolidone was added and dissolved by stirring while feeding nitrogen. While stirring this solution, 6.26 g (2.50 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-3) was added, and 25.9 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added, and the mixture was heated at 60 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. For 4 hours.
- T-3 tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- Example 12 In a 300 mL four-necked flask containing a stirrer, 4.51 g (3.00 mmol) of diamine (Z-1), 2.38 g (1.20 mmol) of diamine (Z-2), and diamine (Z-4) was added with 135.5 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and dissolved by stirring while feeding nitrogen. While stirring this solution, 7.51 g (3.00 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-3) was added, and 33.9 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added, and the mixture was heated at 60 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. For 4 hours.
- T-3 tetracarboxylic dianhydride
- Example 13 In a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stirrer, 3.76 g (2.50 mmol) of diamine (Z-1), 1.98 g (1.00 mmol) of diamine (Z-2), and diamine (Z-9) 5.95 g (1.50 mmol) was taken, 102.2 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added, and dissolved by stirring while feeding nitrogen. While stirring this solution, 6.26 g (2.50 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-3) was added, and 25.6 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added, and the mixture was heated at 60 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. For 4 hours.
- Example 14 In a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, 11.97 g (4.90 mmol) of diamine (Z-6) and 11.69 g (2.10 mmol) of diamine (Z-4) were taken, and N-methyl-2 -118.2 g of pyrrolidone was added and dissolved by stirring while feeding nitrogen. While stirring this solution, 9.01 g (4.55 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-5) was added, and 29.5 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added. For 1 hour.
- Example 15 In a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, 4.22 g (1.62 mmol) of a tetracarboxylic acid derivative (T-8) is taken, and 76.4 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is added and stirred to dissolve. It was. Next, 3.61 g (3.57 mmol) of triethylamine and 3.91 g (1.70 mmol) of diamine (Z-7) were added and dissolved by stirring. While stirring this solution, 13.69 g (3.57 mmol) of DBOP was added, and 10.49 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 23 ° C. for 15 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere, and the polyamic acid ester solution was added. Got. The viscosity of this polymic acid ester solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. was 50.5 mPa ⁇ s.
- This polymic acid ester solution was put into 674 g of methanol, and the resulting precipitate was separated by filtration. The precipitate was washed with methanol and then dried under reduced pressure at a temperature of 100 ° C. to obtain a polyamic acid ester powder. Dispense 2.00 g of this polyamic acid ester powder into a 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing a stirring bar, add 33.0 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and 15.0 g of butyl cellosolve, and stir with a magnetic stirrer for 2 hours to polyamic. An acid ester solution was obtained.
- Example 16> Add 4.09 g (3.00 mmol) of diamine (Z-12) to a 100 mL four-necked flask containing a stirring bar, add 31.2 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and dissolve by stirring while feeding nitrogen. I let you. While stirring this solution, 5.77 g (2.94 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-1) was added, and 7.79 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 23 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. And stirred for 15 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. The viscosity of this polyamic acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. was 653 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 17 10 g of the polyamic acid solution obtained in Example 1 was dispensed into a 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing a stir bar, and 10 g of the polyamic acid solution obtained in Example 2 was added thereto, and the magnetic stirrer was used for 2 hours. Stirring to obtain a polyamic acid solution.
- Example 18 10 g of the polyamic acid solution obtained in Example 1 was dispensed into a 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing a stirrer, and 10 g of the polyamic acid solution obtained in Example 5 was added thereto, using a magnetic stirrer for 2 hours. Stirring to obtain a polyamic acid solution.
- Example 19 10 g of the polyamic acid solution obtained in Example 4 was dispensed into a 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing a stir bar, and 10 g of the polyamic acid solution obtained in Example 5 was added thereto, and the magnetic stirrer was used for 2 hours. Stirring to obtain a polyamic acid solution.
- ⁇ Reference Example 1> Add 4.21 g (2.80 mmol) of diamine (Z-1) to a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, add 59.1 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and dissolve by stirring while feeding nitrogen. I let you. While stirring this solution, 5.86 g (2.69 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-2) was added, and 14.8 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 23 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. And stirred for 15 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. The viscosity of this polyamic acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. was 126 mPa ⁇ s.
- ⁇ Reference Example 2> Add 4.21 g (2.80 mmol) of diamine (Z-1) to a 200 mL four-necked flask containing a stir bar, add 71.1 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and dissolve by stirring while feeding nitrogen. I let you. While stirring this solution, 7.91 g (2.69 mmol) of tetracarboxylic dianhydride (T-6) was added, and 17.8 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was further added, and the mixture was stirred at 23 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere. And stirred for 15 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. The viscosity of this polyamic acid solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. was 121 mPa ⁇ s.
- Example 1 The functional resin composition obtained in Example 1 was spin-coated on the ITO surface of a glass substrate with a transparent electrode made of an ITO film, dried on a hot plate at 70 ° C. for 120 seconds, and then subjected to 30 in an IR oven at 230 ° C. Firing was performed for a minute to form a drive control film having a thickness of 100 nm. Two substrates were prepared, and a 4 ⁇ m bead spacer was sprayed on the drive control film of one of the substrates, and then a sealant (XN-1500T manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was applied.
- XN-1500T manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- an empty cell was produced by thermosetting the sealant at 120 ° C. for 90 minutes.
- a positive liquid crystal (MLC-2293, manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.) was injected into this empty cell by a reduced pressure injection method to produce a liquid crystal cell.
- liquid crystal cells were prepared for the functional resin compositions obtained in Examples 2 to 16 and Reference Examples 1 to 4.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の要旨は、以下の<1>に記載するとおりのものである。
<1> ポリアミック酸誘導体及びそのイミド化物であるポリイミドから選ばれる少なくとも1種の重合体を含有する、液晶を用いたマイクロ波移相変調素子の液晶駆動制御膜用の機能性樹脂組成物。
[電圧保持率の測定試験]
被検体の機能性樹脂組成物をガラス基板上にスピンコートして焼成することにより液晶駆動制御膜を形成させ、この液晶駆動制御膜を用いて液晶セルを作製し、
該液晶セルを70℃の温度下で5Vの電圧を60μs間印加し、16.67ms後 の電圧を測定して、電圧がどのくらい保持できているかについての電圧保持率(初期値)得 、
次いで、該液晶セルを100℃の温度下で200時間放置した後、室温に戻し、初期値の場合と同様に、液晶セルを70℃の温度下で5Vの電圧を60μs間印加し、16.67ms後の電圧を測定して、電圧保持率(耐久性試験後の値)を得る。
電圧保持率の測定試験については、より詳しくは、後述する実施例に記載の方法に従って実施することができる。
<重合体>
本発明の機能性樹脂組成物に含有される重合体は、ポリアミック酸誘導体及びそのイミド化物であるポリイミドから選ばれる少なくとも1種のものであって、液晶の駆動を高精度で制御できるような良好な電圧保持特性を有しつつ高度な耐久性を有するものであれば、特に限定されない。
なお、ポリアミック酸誘導体とは、ポリアミック酸及びポリアミック酸エステルを指す。
また式中、A1及びA2は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子又は、炭素数1~5のアルキル基、炭素数2~5のアルケニル基、炭素数2~5のアルキニル基である。中でも、A1及びA2は水素原子、又はメチル基が好ましい。
上記式(1)の構造を持つ重合体の重合に用いられるジアミンは、以下の式(2)で表されるものである。
また式(2)におけるY1の構造を例示すると、以下の通りである。
なお、芳香族カルボン酸構造が過剰に含まれると、電圧保持率を低下させる恐れがあるため、芳香族カルボン酸構造を有するジアミンは50%以下が好ましく、30%以下がより好ましい
本発明の機能性樹脂組成物に含有される、上記式(1)の構造単位を有する重合体を作製するためのテトラカルボン酸誘導体成分としては、テトラカルボン酸二無水物だけでなく、そのテトラカルボン酸誘導体であるテトラカルボン酸、テトラカルボン酸ジハライド化合物、テトラカルボン酸ジアルキルエステル化合物またはテトラカルボン酸ジアルキルエステルジハライド化合物を用いることもできる。
本発明に用いられるポリアミック酸誘導体であるポリアミック酸は、以下に示す方法により合成することができる。
具体的には、テトラカルボン酸二無水物とジアミンとを有機溶媒の存在下で-20℃~150℃、好ましくは0℃~50℃において、30分~24時間、好ましくは1~12時間反応させることによって合成できる。
本発明に用いられるポリアミック酸誘導体の一つであるポリアミック酸エステルは、以下に示す(PAE-1)、(PAE-2)又は(PAE-3)の方法で合成することができる。
ポリアミック酸エステルは、テトラカルボン酸二無水物とジアミンから得られるポリアミック酸をエステル化することによって合成することができる。
具体的には、ポリアミック酸とエステル化剤を有機溶剤の存在下で-20℃~150℃、好ましくは0℃~50℃において、30分~24時間、好ましくは1~4時間反応させることによって合成することができる。
ポリアミック酸エステルは、テトラカルボン酸ジエステルジクロリドとジアミンから合成することができる。
具体的には、テトラカルボン酸ジエステルジクロリドとジアミンとを塩基と有機溶剤の存在下で-20℃~150℃、好ましくは0℃~50℃において、30分~24時間、好ましくは1~4時間反応させることによって合成することができる。
ポリアミック酸エステルは、テトラカルボン酸ジエステルとジアミンを重縮合することにより合成することができる。
具体的には、テトラカルボン酸ジエステルとジアミンを縮合剤、塩基、及び有機溶剤の存在下で0℃~150℃、好ましくは0℃~100℃において、30分~24時間、好ましくは3~15時間反応させることによって合成することができる。
本発明に用いられるポリイミドは、前記ポリアミック酸エステル又はポリアミック酸をイミド化することにより製造することができる。ポリアミック酸エステルからポリイミドを製造する場合、前記ポリアミック酸エステル溶液、又はポリアミック酸エステル樹脂粉末を有機溶媒に溶解させて得られるポリアミック酸エステル溶液に塩基性触媒を添加する化学的イミド化が簡便である。化学的イミド化は、比較的低温でイミド化反応が進行し、イミド化の課程で重合体の分子量低下が起こりにくいので好ましい。
本発明による機能性樹脂組成物は、特定構造の重合体が有機溶媒中に溶解された溶液の形態を有する。
本発明の機能性樹脂組成物に用いる溶媒は、本発明に記載の重合体を溶解させる溶媒(良溶媒ともいう)であれば特に限定されない。下記に、良溶媒の具体例を挙げるが、これらの例に限定されるものではない。
本発明の機能性樹脂組成物には、エポキシ基、イソシアネート基、オキセタン基又はシクロカーボネート基を有する架橋性化合物、ヒドロキシル基、ヒドロキシアルキル基及び低級アルコキシアルキル基からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の置換基を有する架橋性化合物、又は重合性不飽和結合を有する架橋性化合物を含んでいても良い。これら置換基や重合性不飽和結合は、架橋性化合物中に2個以上有する必要がある。
ヒドロキシル基又はアルコキシル基を有するベンゼン又はフェノール性化合物としては、例えば、1,3,5-トリス(メトキシメチル)ベンゼン、1,2,4-トリス(イソプロポキシメチル)ベンゼン、1,4-ビス(sec-ブトキシメチル)ベンゼン又は2,6-ジヒドロキシメチル-p-tert-ブチルフェノールが挙げられる。
より具体的には、例えば、エフトップEF301、EF303、EF352(以上、トーケムプロダクツ社製)、メガファックF171、F173、R-30(以上、大日本インキ社製)、フロラードFC430、FC431(以上、住友スリーエム社製)、アサヒガードAG710、サーフロンS-382、SC101、SC102、SC103、SC104、SC105、SC106(以上、旭硝子社製)などが挙げられる。
本発明による駆動制御膜は、本発明による機能性樹脂組成物を基板に塗布し、乾燥、焼成して得ることができる。
駆動制御膜を走査型平面アンテナの位相変調素子に使用する場合、用いる基板は、マイクロ波に対する誘電損失が小さいことが好ましい。
従って、本発明の別の態様によれば、本発明の機能性樹脂組成物から得られる、駆動制御膜が提供される。
NMP:N-メチル-2-ピロリドン
BCS:ブチルセロソルブ
合成例におけるポリマーの分子量はセンシュー科学社製 常温ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)装置(SSC-7200)、Shodex社製カラム(KD-803、KD-805)を用い以下のようにして測定した。
溶離液:N,N’-ジメチルホルムアミド(添加剤として、臭化リチウム-水和物(LiBr・H2O)が30mmol/L、リン酸・無水結晶(o-リン酸)が30mmol/L、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)が10ml/L)
流速:1.0ml/分
検量線作成用標準サンプル:東ソー社製 TSK 標準ポリエチレンオキサイド(分子量約9000,000、150,000、100,000、30,000)、及び、ポリマーラボラトリー社製 ポリエチレングリコール(分子量 約12,000、4,000、1,000)。
実施例および比較例において、ポリアミック酸またはポリアミック酸エステル溶液の粘度はE型粘度計TVE-22H(東機産業株式会社製)を用い、サンプル量1.1mL、コーンロータTE-1(1°34’、R24)、温度25℃で測定した。
撹拌子を入れた100mLの四つ口フラスコに、ジアミン(Z-1)を2.10g(1.40mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン28.1gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を2.69g(1.37mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを7.03g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は104mPa・sであった。
このポリアミック酸溶液15.0gを撹拌子の入った100mL三角フラスコに分取し、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン16.5g、ブチルセロソルブ13.5gを加え、マグネチックスターラーで2時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。
撹拌子を入れた100mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-12)を4.09g(3.00mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン31.2gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を5.77g(2.94mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを7.79g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は653mPa・sであった。
このポリアミック酸溶液15.0gを撹拌子の入った100mL三角フラスコに分取し、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン37.5g、ブチルセロソルブ22.5gを加え、マグネチックスターラーで2時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-1)を4.13g(2.75mmol)、ジアミン(Z-2)を5.45g(2.75mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン64.2gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を10.46g(5.34mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを16.0g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は799mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-1)を8.26g(5.50mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン113.2gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を5.39g(2.75mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを28.3g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で2時間撹拌した。その後、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-2)を5.64g(2.59mmol)添加し窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は143mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-1)を8.26g(5.50mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン111.8gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を7.55g(3.85mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを27.9g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で2時間撹拌した。その後、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-2)を3.24g(1.49mmol)添加し窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は168mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた100mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-3)を3.15g(1.30mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン25.8gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を2.54g(1.29mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを6.44g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は78mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-2)を6.52g(3.29mmol)、ジアミン(Z-3)を3.42g(1.41mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン69.3gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-3)を11.70g(4.68mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを17.31g加え、窒素雰囲気下、60℃で4時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は383mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-2)を3.89g(1.96mmol)、ジアミン(Z-9)を3.33g(0.84mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン88.2gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-4)を6.15g(2.74mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを9.80g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は319mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-5)を3.26g(3.01mmol)、ジアミン(Z-4)を7.18g(1.29mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン63.3gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-3)を5.38g(2.15mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを15.82g加え、窒素雰囲気下、60℃で4時間撹拌した。その後、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を3.96g(2.02mmol)添加し、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は1003mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた100mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-5)を0.76g(0.70mmol)、ジアミン(Z-10)を0.78g(0.30mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン11.9gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-3)を1.25g(0.50mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを2.97g加え、窒素雰囲気下、60℃で4時間撹拌した。その後、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を0.92g(0.47mmol)添加し、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は316mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-5)を3.78g(3.50mmol)、ジアミン(Z-11)を2.99g(1.50mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン103.5gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-3)を6.26g(2.50mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを25.9g加え、窒素雰囲気下、60℃で4時間撹拌した。その後、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を4.61g(2.35mmol)添加し、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は184mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた300mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-1)を4.51g(3.00mmol)、ジアミン(Z-2)を2.38g(1.20mmol)、ジアミン(Z-4)を10.02g(1.80mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン135.5gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-3)を7.51g(3.00mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを33.9g加え、窒素雰囲気下、60℃で4時間撹拌した。その後、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を5.81g(2.96mmol)添加し、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は444mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-1)を3.76g(2.50mmol)、ジアミン(Z-2)を1.98g(1.00mmol)、ジアミン(Z-9)を5.95g(1.50mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン102.2gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-3)を6.26g(2.50mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを25.6g加え、窒素雰囲気下、60℃で4時間撹拌した。その後、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を4.61g(2.35mmol)添加し、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は480mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-6)を11.97g(4.90mmol)、ジアミン(Z-4)を11.69g(2.10mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン118.2gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-5)を9.01g(4.55mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを29.5g加え、窒素雰囲気下、50℃で1時間撹拌した。その後、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を4.26g(2.17mmol)添加し、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は1210mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにテトラカルボン酸誘導体(T-8)を4.22g(1.62mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン76.4gを加えて撹拌して溶解させた。次いで、トリエチルアミンを3.61g(3.57mmol)、ジアミン(Z-7)を3.91g(1.70mmol)加えて撹拌して溶解させた。
この溶液を撹拌しながら、DBOPを13.69g(3.57mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを10.49g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸エステル溶液を得た。このポリミック酸エステル溶液の温度25℃における粘度は50.5mPa・sであった。
このポリアミック酸エステル粉末2.00gを撹拌子の入った100mL三角フラスコに分取し、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン33.0g、ブチルセロソルブ15.0gを加え、マグネチックスターラーで2時間撹拌してポリアミック酸エステル溶液を得た。
<実施例16>
撹拌子を入れた100mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-12)を4.09g(3.00mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン31.2gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-1)を5.77g(2.94mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを7.79g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は653mPa・sであった。
実施例1で得たポリアミック酸溶液10gを、撹拌子の入った100mL三角フラスコに分取し、そこに実施例2で得られたポリアミック酸溶液10gを加えて、マグネチックスターラーを用いて2時間撹拌し、ポリアミック酸溶液を得た。
実施例1で得たポリアミック酸溶液10gを、撹拌子の入った100mL三角フラスコに分取し、そこに実施例5で得られたポリアミック酸溶液10gを加えて、マグネチックスターラーを用いて2時間撹拌し、ポリアミック酸溶液を得た。
実施例4で得たポリアミック酸溶液10gを、撹拌子の入った100mL三角フラスコに分取し、そこに実施例5で得られたポリアミック酸溶液10gを加えて、マグネチックスターラーを用いて2時間撹拌し、ポリアミック酸溶液を得た。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-1)を4.21g(2.80mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン59.1gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-2)を5.86g(2.69mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを14.8g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は126mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-1)を4.21g(2.80mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン71.1gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-6)を7.91g(2.69mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを17.8g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は121mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-1)を6.46g(4.30mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン54.0gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-7)を5.16g(1.72mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを13.50g加え、窒素雰囲気下、60℃で4時間撹拌した。その後、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-2)を5.25g(2.41mmol)添加し、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は854mPa・sであった。
撹拌子を入れた200mLの四つ口フラスコにジアミン(Z-1)を3.23g(2.15mmol)、ジアミン(Z-8)を3.27g(2.15mmol)取り、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン49.6gを加え、窒素を送りながら撹拌して溶解させた。この溶液を撹拌しながら、テトラカルボン酸二無水物(T-2)を9.00g(4.13mmol)添加し、更にN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを12.4g加え、窒素雰囲気下、23℃で15時間撹拌してポリアミック酸溶液を得た。このポリアミック酸溶液の温度25℃における粘度は799mPa・sであった。
実施例1で得られた機能性樹脂組成物を、ITO膜からなる透明電極付きガラス基板のITO面にスピンコートし、70℃のホットプレートで120秒間乾燥した後、230℃のIRオーブンで30分間焼成を行い、膜厚100nmの駆動制御膜を形成した。
上記の基板を2枚用意し、一方の基板の駆動制御膜上に4μmのビーズスペーサーを散布した後、シール剤(協立化学製、XN-1500T)を塗布した。次いで、もう一方の基板を、駆動制御膜面が向き合うようにして張り合わせた後、120℃で90分シール剤を熱硬化させることで空セルを作製した。この空セルにポジ液晶(メルク社製、MLC-2293)を減圧注入法によって注入し、液晶セルを作製した。
上記で得られた液晶セルを70℃の温度下で5Vの電圧を60μs間印加し、16.67ms後の電圧を測定して、電圧がどのくらい保持できているかを電圧保持率(初期値)として計算した。
続いて、液晶セルを100℃の温度下で200時間放置し、その後、室温に戻した。液晶セルを70℃の温度下で5Vの電圧を60μs間印加し、16.67ms後の電圧を測定して、電圧がどのくらい保持できているかを電圧保持率(耐久性試験後)として計算した。
Claims (9)
- ポリアミック酸誘導体及びそのイミド化物であるポリイミドから選ばれる少なくとも1種の重合体を含有する、液晶を用いたマイクロ波移相変調素子の液晶駆動制御膜用の機能性樹脂組成物。
- 前記重合体が、脂環式構造を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物を含有するテトラカルボン酸誘導体成分とジアミン成分との反応物である、請求項1に記載の機能性樹脂組成物。
- 前記脂環式構造を有するテトラカルボン酸二無水物が、全テトラカルボン酸誘導体成分の50モル%~100モル%である、請求項2に記載の機能性樹脂組成物。
- 前記ジアミンが、全ジアミン化合物に対し30モル%~100モル%である、請求項5に記載の機能性樹脂組成物。
- 樹脂組成物について、下記の電圧保持率の測定試験に従って測定して得られた電圧保持率(初期値)が90%以上であって、かつ電圧保持率(耐久性試験後の値)が80%以上となるものである、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の機能性樹脂組成物。
[電圧保持率の測定試験]
被検体の機能性樹脂組成物をガラス基板上にスピンコートして焼成することにより液晶駆動制御膜を形成させ、この液晶駆動制御膜を用いて液晶セルを作製し、
該液晶セルを70℃の温度下で5Vの電圧を60μs間印加し、16.67ms後の電圧を測定して、電圧がどのくらい保持できているかについての電圧保持率(初期値)得、
次いで、該液晶セルを95℃の温度下で200時間放置した後、室温に戻し、初期値の場合と同様に、液晶セルを70℃の温度下で5Vの電圧を60μs間印加し、16.67ms後の電圧を測定して、電圧保持率(耐久性試験後の値)を得る。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の機能性樹脂組成物から得られる、駆動制御膜。
- 請求項8の駆動制御膜を具備する、マイクロ波移相変調素子。
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