WO2018219186A1 - 硬币分离装置及分离方法 - Google Patents
硬币分离装置及分离方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018219186A1 WO2018219186A1 PCT/CN2018/087990 CN2018087990W WO2018219186A1 WO 2018219186 A1 WO2018219186 A1 WO 2018219186A1 CN 2018087990 W CN2018087990 W CN 2018087990W WO 2018219186 A1 WO2018219186 A1 WO 2018219186A1
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- coin
- speed
- sensor
- conveying passage
- hole
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D3/00—Sorting a mixed bulk of coins into denominations
- G07D3/02—Sorting coins by means of graded apertures
- G07D3/04—Sorting coins by means of graded apertures arranged on an inclined rail
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D5/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of coins, e.g. for segregating coins which are unacceptable or alien to a currency
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of financial equipment technology, for example, to coin separation devices and separation methods.
- the coin separating mechanism 104' includes a turntable 122', a coin pocket 124', and a detection mechanism.
- the coin pocket 124' is for receiving coins.
- the turntable 122' is located within the coin pocket 124' and the turntable 122' has three recesses 130'. When the turntable 122' is rotated, the coins in the coin pocket 124' fall into the recess 130' of the turntable 122', and the recess 130' of the turntable 122' causes the coins therein to rotate.
- An ejecting tray 138' for pushing a coin is provided in each recess 130'.
- the detecting mechanism is configured to detect the position of the three recesses 130'. When it is detected that any one of the recesses 130' reaches the coin outlet, the detecting mechanism outputs a corresponding detection signal. At this time, the pushing tray 138' in the recess 130' pushes the coin. The coin is detached from the recess 130' and pushed out by the coin outlet.
- a problem with such a coin separating apparatus is that when the ejecting tray 138' pushes out an abnormal coin having a foreign material such as a tape or a chewing gum on the surface and pushes it out of the coin dispensing port to cause the abnormal coin to enter a coin processing device such as coin identification and sorting,
- the abnormal coins are sticky or the surface shape is irregular, and it is easy to jam in the coin processing device, causing equipment failure.
- the present application provides a coin separating device and a separating method capable of removing or separating abnormal coins having irregularities or irregular surface shapes from normal coins, so as to avoid abnormal coins entering subsequent coin identification and sorting and other devices. Plug problem.
- the present application provides a coin separating device, comprising: a tilted coin conveying passage configured to receive a coin and guide the coin to roll along the coin conveying passage, and the coin conveying passage is further provided with a side opening for the coin to be separated from the coin conveying passage; a speed detecting mechanism connected to the coin conveying passage, configured to acquire a rolling speed of the coin rolling along the coin conveying passage; and a control mechanism communicably connected with the speed detecting mechanism, configured to compare the rolling speed with the preset speed, when determining the rolling When the speed is less than or equal to the preset speed, the setting signal is output; the coin-operating mechanism is communicatively connected with the control mechanism and connected to the coin conveying passage, is set to receive the setting signal output by the control mechanism, and passes the coin through the side according to the setting signal.
- the opening ejects the coin delivery channel.
- the coin conveying passage includes a bottom wall for receiving the outer circumference of the coin, and a side wall connected to the first side of the bottom wall for receiving the side of the coin;
- the second side of the bottom wall forms a side opening, wherein the second side of the bottom wall is opposite the first side of the bottom wall.
- a first through hole is defined in the sidewall, and the first through hole is located at a first preset position of the coin conveying passage;
- the speed detecting mechanism includes a first speed sensor disposed on a side of the side wall facing away from the side opening, the first speed sensor being disposed to face the side of the coin in the coin conveying passage through the first through hole, and passing the coin Acquiring the speed of the coin at the first preset position when the first preset position is;
- the speed of the coin at the first preset position is the scroll speed.
- a first through hole and a second through hole are defined in the sidewall, the first through hole is located at a first preset position in the coin conveying passage, and the second through hole is located in the second pre-precement in the coin conveying passage. Positioning; wherein, along the coin rolling direction, the first preset position is located upstream of the second preset position;
- the speed detecting mechanism includes a first speed sensor and a second speed sensor, and the first speed sensor and the second speed sensor are both disposed on a side of the side wall facing away from the side opening;
- the first speed sensor is disposed to face the side of the coin in the coin conveying passage through the first through hole, and acquire the speed of the coin at the first preset position when the coin passes the first preset position; wherein the coin is at the first The speed of the preset position is the preset speed;
- the second speed sensor is disposed to face the side of the coin in the coin conveying passage through the second through hole, and acquire the speed of the coin at the second preset position when the coin passes the second preset position; wherein the coin is in the second The speed of the preset position is the scroll speed.
- the speed detecting mechanism includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a third sensor, and a fourth sensor that are spaced apart along the coin rolling direction;
- a portion of the coin conveying passage between the first sensor and the second sensor forms a first preset interval; a portion of the coin conveying passage between the third sensor and the fourth sensor forms a second preset interval;
- the preset speed is an average speed of the coin in the first preset interval
- the scrolling speed is the average speed of the coin within the second predetermined interval.
- the side wall is provided with a third through hole, a fourth through hole, a fifth through hole and a sixth through hole which are spaced apart in the upstream to downstream direction of the coin conveying passage;
- the first sensor is disposed to face the side of the coin in the coin conveying passage through the third through hole; the second sensor is disposed to be opposite to the side of the coin in the coin conveying passage through the fourth through hole; the third sensor is set to pass the fifth The through hole is opposed to a side of the coin in the coin conveying path; the fourth sensor is disposed to face the side of the coin in the coin conveying path through the sixth through hole.
- the first sensor, the second sensor, the third sensor, and the fourth sensor are mechanical sensors or photosensors.
- a through hole is defined in the sidewall
- the coin-operating mechanism includes a driving component and a separate component that is drivingly coupled to the driving component;
- the drive member is configured to move the separation member back and forth between an initial position outside the coin delivery passage and a working position through the through hole and extending into the coin delivery passage.
- the length of the separating member extending into the coin conveying passage is greater than or equal to the width of the bottom wall.
- a plurality of through holes are arranged on the side wall at intervals along the coin rolling direction;
- the separating component includes a base body located outside the coin conveying passage, and a plurality of working portions connected to the base body and corresponding to the plurality of through holes in one-to-one correspondence;
- the plurality of working portions When the separating member is in the working position, the plurality of working portions enter the coin conveying passage through the corresponding plurality of through holes.
- the base body is vertically connected to the limiting plate, and the driving component comprises an electromagnet, an armature and an elastic member; wherein the armature is connected with the base body, the electromagnet is fixedly connected with the side wall; and the elastic member is connected to the limiting plate and the side wall Between the elastic members, the elastic member is disposed to apply an elastic restoring force to the separating member, so that the separating member always has a tendency to move toward the initial position;
- the electromagnet When the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnet attracts the armature, and the armature drives the separating member to overcome the elastic restoring force of the elastic member and moves to the working position; when the electromagnet is de-energized, the magnetic force of the electromagnet disappears, and the elastic restoring force of the separating member in the elastic member Return to the initial position from the working position.
- the coin separating device further includes a recovery passage disposed on a side opening side of the coin conveying passage; wherein the recovery passage is configured to receive the coin that is ejected from the coin conveying passage by the coin-operating mechanism.
- the apparatus further includes a coin dispensing mechanism; wherein the coin dispensing opening of the currency dispensing mechanism is in communication with the upstream end of the coin conveying lane.
- the present application also provides a coin separation method, the method comprising: obtaining a scrolling speed of a coin rolling along a tilted coin conveying channel; comparing the scrolling speed with a preset speed, and when determining that the scrolling speed is less than or equal to the preset speed, The coin ejects the coin delivery channel to separate the coins.
- the speed of the first predetermined position of the coin in the coin conveying passage is obtained, and the speed of the coin at the first preset position is a rolling speed; the rolling speed is compared with the preset speed, and when the rolling speed is determined to be smaller than When the speed is preset, the coin is ejected out of the coin conveying path to separate the coins.
- obtaining a scrolling speed of the coin rolling along the inclined coin conveying passage comprises: obtaining a speed of the first preset position of the coin in the coin conveying passage and a speed of the second preset position of the coin in the coin conveying passage Wherein, in the coin rolling direction, the first preset position is located upstream of the second preset position; the speed of the coin at the first preset position is a preset speed; and the speed of the coin at the second preset position is a scroll speed.
- obtaining the scrolling speed of the coin rolling along the inclined coin conveying passage comprises: obtaining an average speed of the coin in the first preset interval of the coin conveying passage and an average of the coin in the second preset interval of the coin conveying passage Speed; wherein, along the coin rolling direction, the first preset interval is located upstream of the second preset interval; the average speed of the coin in the first preset interval is a preset speed; the average speed of the coin in the second preset interval For scrolling speed.
- the coin separating device and the coin separating method provided by the embodiments of the present application are capable of removing abnormal coins having irregularities or irregular surface shapes from normal coins, so as to prevent abnormal coins from entering subsequent coin identification and sorting and the like. Caesar problem.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a coin separating device in the related art
- FIG 2 is a partial structural schematic view of the coin separating device shown in Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a partial structural schematic view of a coin separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a first viewing angle
- FIG. 4 is a schematic enlarged partial view of a coin separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention at a first viewing angle
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a coin separating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a first working principle diagram of a coin separating device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 7 is a second working principle diagram of a coin separating device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 8 is a third working principle diagram of a coin separating device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a coin separating device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the coin separating apparatus 10 according to the embodiment.
- the coin separating device 10 includes a coin conveying path 100, a speed detecting mechanism 200 (shown in FIG. 5), and a coin punching mechanism 300.
- the coin conveying path 100 is disposed obliquely, and the coin enters the coin conveying path 100 from the upstream end of the coin conveying path 100.
- the coin is received and guided by the inner wall of the coin conveying path 100 in the coin conveying path 100, so that the coin rolls downward from the upstream of the coin conveying path 100 along the coin conveying path 100 by gravity.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the IV of FIG. 3, showing a partial structure of the coin conveying passage 100.
- the coin conveying path 100 includes a bottom wall 110 and side walls 120 connected to the first side in the width direction of the bottom wall 110.
- the bottom wall 110 is configured to receive the outer circumference of the coin, and the side wall 120 is configured to receive the side of the coin. In this way, the coin can be rolled downstream from the upstream of the coin conveying passage 100 along the coin conveying path 100.
- the width of the bottom wall 110 is adapted to the thickness of the coin (the width of the bottom wall 110 is equal to or slightly larger than the thickness of the coin) to ensure that the coin can roll normally along the bottom wall 110.
- the second side of the bottom wall 110 in the width direction ie, the side opposite to the side wall 120) is not provided with a barrier to form the side opening 130. The coin can be detached from the coin transport path 100 through the side opening 130.
- the second side of the bottom wall 110 may also be provided with a barrier (such as a baffle) and a hole is formed in the barrier to form a side opening 130 as long as the coin can be separated from the coin through the side opening 130.
- the conveying passage 100 is sufficient.
- the coin entering the coin conveying path 100 is a normal coin
- the normal coin is allowed to roll out through the downstream end of the coin conveying path 100.
- the coin entering the coin conveying passage 100 is an abnormal coin (for example, if the coin is a foreign material such as a tape or a chewing gum, the coin is a coin having a sticky or irregular surface shape)
- the abnormal coin needs to be conveyed from the coin through the side opening 130.
- the channel 100 is rejected to prevent the abnormal coin from rolling out of the downstream end of the coin conveying path 100 and entering a jamming problem caused by subsequent coin identification and sorting and the like.
- the coin punching mechanism 300 pushes the abnormal coin out of the coin conveying path 100 through the side opening 130.
- the structure of the kick coin mechanism 300 can be varied.
- the coin-operating mechanism 300 includes a driving member 320 and a separating member 310 that is drivingly coupled to the driving member 320.
- the driving member 320 drives the separating member 310 to move, the separating member 310 contacts the abnormal coin and applies a force toward the side opening 130 to the abnormal coin, so that the separating member 310 passes the abnormal coin through the side.
- the opening 130 ejects the coin delivery channel 100.
- Fig. 5 shows the structure of the coin separating device 10 facing away from the side opening 130 in this embodiment. The structure of the separating member 310 and the driving member 320 in this embodiment can be seen from FIG.
- the separating member 310 has a plate shape and is capable of passing through the through hole 127 and moving back and forth relative to the side wall 120 in a direction perpendicular to the side wall 120.
- the drive member 320 is capable of outputting a linear motion.
- the drive member 320 is movably coupled to the disengagement member 310 and is configured to move the disengagement member 310 back and forth between the initial position and the operative position.
- the separating member 310 When the separating member 310 is in the initial position, the separating member 310 does not affect the coins rolling in the coin conveying passage 100, and the coins in the coin conveying passage 100 can be rolled out from the downstream end of the coin conveying passage 100 and enter the subsequent coin identification and division. Picking equipment. During the movement of the separating member 310 from the initial position to the working position, the separating member 310 comes into contact with the side of the coin in the coin conveying path 100, so that the separating member 310 pushes the coin out of the coin conveying passage 100 through the side opening 130.
- the length of the separating member 310 extending into the coin conveying passage 100 is greater than or equal to the bottom wall.
- the separating member 310 includes five working portions 312 to which the base 311 is coupled to the base 311. The positions of the five working portions 312 correspond one-to-one with the positions of the five through holes 127. During the movement of the separating member 310 from the initial position to the working position, the five working portions 312 simultaneously enter the coin conveying passage 100 through the corresponding five through holes 127.
- the number of through holes 127 and working portions 312 can be arbitrarily set.
- the drive member 320 includes an electromagnet 321, an armature 322, and an elastic member 323.
- the electromagnet 321 includes a coil and an iron core (not shown).
- the armature 322 is connected to the base 311.
- the electromagnet 321 is fixedly coupled to the side wall 120.
- the electromagnet 321 is engaged with the armature 322.
- the limiting plate 313 is vertically connected to the base 311.
- the elastic member 323 is connected between the limiting plate 313 and the side wall 120.
- the elastic member 323 is configured to apply an elastic restoring force to the separating member 310, so that the separating member 310 always has a tendency to move toward the initial position.
- the electromagnet 321 When the electromagnet 321 is energized, the electromagnet 321 attracts the armature 322 to move toward the side wall 120, and the armature 322 drives the separating member 310 against the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 323 and moves to the working position.
- the electromagnet 321 When the electromagnet 321 is de-energized, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 321 disappears, and the separation member 310 returns to the initial position from the working position by the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 323.
- the resilient member 323 may also have the separation member 310 always have a tendency to move toward the working position.
- the electromagnet 321 When the electromagnet 321 is energized, the separating member 310 is in the initial position, and when the electromagnet 321 is de-energized, the separating member 310 is in the operating position.
- the elastic member 323 is a spring.
- the elastic member 323 may also be composed of an elastic rubber or a spring piece or the like.
- the driving member 320 may also be a device capable of outputting a linear motion such as a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a linear motor.
- the coin separating device 10 in order to collect the abnormal coins that are ejected from the coin conveying path 100, the coin separating device 10 further includes a recovery passage 400 disposed on the side of the side opening 130 of the coin conveying path 100.
- the recovery passage 400 is arranged to receive the abnormal coin that is ejected from the coin conveying path 100 by the separating member 310.
- the coin separating device 10 detects whether the coin rolled in the coin conveying path 100 is an abnormal coin by the speed detecting mechanism 200, and controls the driving member 320 to move the separating member 310 to the working position when the coin is an abnormal coin.
- the speed detecting mechanism 200 can detect whether or not the coin rolled in the coin conveying path 100 is an abnormal coin by the following several ways.
- the resistance of the normal denomination of the same denomination is substantially the same when rolling along the coin conveying path 100, and the speed of the normal denomination of the same denomination at each position of the coin conveying path 100 is Certain.
- the abnormal coin surface is sticky or the surface shape is irregular, the abnormal coin receives a greater resistance when it rolls along the coin conveying path 100 than the normal coin, so the abnormal coin is in the coin conveying path 100 compared with the normal denomination of the same denomination. Each location within is slower.
- the speed (preset speed) of the normal coin in the first preset position in the coin conveying path 100 can be obtained experimentally in advance.
- the coin that is undefined as the normal currency or the abnormal coin rolls along the coin conveying passage 100 to obtain the speed (scrolling speed) of the coin at the first preset position, and when it is determined that the rolling speed is less than the preset speed, the same can be determined.
- the coin is an abnormal coin.
- FIG. 6 is a first schematic diagram of the operation of the coin separating apparatus 10 of the present embodiment.
- the speed detecting mechanism 200 includes a first speed sensor 210.
- the first speed sensor 210 is disposed on a side of the side wall 120 that faces away from the side opening 130.
- a first through hole 121 is defined in the sidewall 120, and the first through hole 121 is located at a first preset position of the coin conveying passage 100.
- the first speed sensor 210 is disposed to face the side of the coin in the coin conveying path 100 through the first through hole 121, and acquire the speed of the coin at the first preset position when the coin passes the first preset position.
- the speed at which the coin is at the first preset position is referred to as the scroll speed.
- the first speed sensor 210 transmits the acquired scroll speed to the control mechanism, and the control mechanism compares the scroll speed with the preset speed. When it is determined that the scroll speed is less than the preset speed, the coin is determined to be an abnormal coin.
- the control mechanism sends a signal to the driving member 320, and the control driving member 320 drives the separating member 310 to move to the working position, and the abnormal coin is ejected out of the coin conveying passage 100.
- the embodiment further provides a coin separation method, comprising:
- the first speed sensor 210 acquires the speed of the coin at the first preset position in the coin conveying passage 100, and the coin is in the first Set the speed of the position to the scroll speed;
- the scroll speed is compared with the preset speed, and when it is determined that the scroll speed is less than the preset speed, the coin is ejected out of the coin transport path 100 to separate the coins.
- the velocity downstream of the delivery channel 100 will be greater than the velocity of the normal currency upstream of the coin delivery channel 100. Since the surface of the abnormal coin has irregularity or irregular surface shape, the abnormal coin receives a large resistance when rolling along the coin conveying path 100.
- the speed of the abnormal coin does not increase during the rolling along the coin conveying path 100, and even gradually The decrease, that is, the speed of the abnormal coin downstream of the coin transport path 100 will be less than or equal to the speed of the abnormal coin upstream of the coin transport path 100.
- the speed of the coin at the first predetermined position within the coin transport path 100 and the speed of the coin at the second predetermined position within the coin transport path 100 can be obtained.
- the first preset position is located upstream of the second preset position.
- the speed of the coin at the first preset position is the preset speed
- the speed of the coin at the second preset position is the scroll speed.
- the scroll speed is less than or equal to the preset speed, the coin can be determined to be an abnormal coin.
- FIG. 7 is a second working principle diagram of the coin separating apparatus 10 according to the embodiment.
- the speed detecting mechanism 200 includes a first speed sensor 210 and a second speed sensor 220.
- the first speed sensor 210 and the second speed sensor 220 are disposed on a side of the side wall 120 that faces away from the side opening 130.
- a first through hole 121 and a second through hole 122 are defined in the sidewall 120.
- the first through hole 121 is located upstream of the second through hole 122.
- the first through hole 121 is located at a first preset position of the coin conveying passage 100
- the second through hole 122 is located at a second preset position of the coin conveying passage 100.
- the first speed sensor 210 is disposed to face the side of the coin in the coin conveying passage 100 through the first through hole 121, and when the coin passes the first preset position, the first speed sensor 210 acquires the coin at the first preset position. speed.
- the speed at which the coin is at the first preset position is referred to as the preset speed.
- the first speed sensor 210 transmits the acquired preset speed to the control mechanism.
- the second speed sensor 220 is disposed to face the side of the coin in the coin conveying path 100 through the second through hole 122, and acquire the speed of the coin at the second preset position when the coin passes the second preset position.
- the speed at which the coin is at the second predetermined position is referred to as the scroll speed.
- the second speed sensor 220 transmits the acquired scroll speed to the control mechanism.
- the control mechanism compares the scroll speed with the preset speed, and determines that the coin is an abnormal coin when it is determined that the scroll speed is less than or equal to the preset speed.
- the control mechanism sends a signal to the drive member 320, which controls the drive member 320 to move the separation member 310 to the working position, and the separation member 310 pushes the abnormal coin out of the coin delivery passage 100.
- the embodiment further provides a coin separation method, comprising:
- the first speed sensor 210 acquires the speed of the first preset position of the coin in the coin conveying passage 100
- the second speed sensor 220 Obtaining a speed of the second preset position of the coin in the coin conveying passage 100; in the coin rolling direction, the first preset position is located upstream of the second preset position; the speed of the coin at the first preset position is a preset speed; The speed of the coin at the second preset position is the scroll speed;
- the scroll speed is compared with the preset speed, and when it is determined that the scroll speed is less than or equal to the preset speed, the coin is ejected out of the coin transport path 100 to separate the coins.
- the above coin separating device 10 and the coin separating method the speed of the coin itself in the coin conveying passage 100 is used as a basis for judging whether or not the coin is an abnormal coin, and is not affected by the denomination of the coin (coin, weight and rolling in different denominations) The resistance is different), so the above coin separating device 10 and the coin separating method can separate the coins of different denominations and eliminate the abnormal coins therein.
- the average speed of the abnormal coin within a certain length of the downstream of the coin transport path 100 will be less than or equal to the average speed of the abnormal coin within a certain length of the upstream of the coin transport path 100.
- the average speed of the first predetermined interval of the coin within the coin transport path 100 and the average speed of the coin within the second predetermined interval within the coin transport path 100 can be obtained.
- the first preset interval is located upstream of the second preset interval.
- the average speed of the coin in the first preset interval is the preset speed.
- the average speed of the coin in the second predetermined interval is the scrolling speed.
- FIG 8 is a third schematic diagram of the operation of the coin separating apparatus 10 of the present embodiment.
- the speed detecting mechanism 200 includes a first sensor 241, a second sensor 242, a third sensor 243, and a fourth sensor 244 that are spaced apart in the upstream to downstream direction of the coin conveying path 100.
- the first sensor 241, the second sensor 242, the third sensor 243, and the fourth sensor 244 are each disposed on a side of the side wall 120 that faces away from the side opening 130.
- a third through hole 123, a fourth through hole 124, a fifth through hole 125, and a sixth through hole 126 which are spaced apart from each other in the upstream to downstream direction of the coin conveying passage 100 are opened in the side wall 120.
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Abstract
一种硬币分离装置（10），包括倾斜设置的硬币输送通道（100）、速度检测机构（200）、控制机构和踢币机构（300）；硬币输送通道（100）设置为承接硬币并引导硬币沿硬币输送通道（100）滚动，硬币输送通道（100）还设有供硬币脱离硬币输送通道的侧面开口（130）；速度检测机构（200）与硬币输送通道（100）连接，设置为获取硬币沿硬币输送通道（100）滚动的滚动速度；控制机构与速度检测机构（200）通信连接，设置为将滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定滚动速度小于或等于预设速度时，输出设定信号；踢币机构（300），与控制机构通信连接并与硬币输送通道（100）连接，设置为接收控制机构输出的设定信号并根据设定信号将硬币通过侧面开口（130）顶至硬币输送通道（100）外。
Description
本公开涉及金融设备技术领域，例如涉及硬币分离装置及分离方法。
金融和公共交通等行业经常需要清点大批量的硬币。硬币清分需要先将混合在一起的大量的硬币一枚一枚分离后再进行筛选处理。图1和图2示意出相关技术中的一种硬币分离机构。如图1和图2所示，硬币分离机构104′包括转盘122′、硬币兜124′以及检测机构。硬币兜124′用于接收硬币。转盘122′位于硬币兜124′内，转盘122′具有三个凹部130′。转盘122′转动时，硬币兜124′内的硬币落入转盘122′的凹部130′内，转盘122′的凹部130′带动其内的硬币转动。每个凹部130′内设有一个用于推动硬币的推出盘138′。检测机构用于检测三个凹部130′的位置，当检测到任意一个凹部130′到达出币口时，检测机构输出相应的检测信号，此时，该凹部130′内的推出盘138′推动硬币以使硬币脱离凹部130′并由出币口推出。
这种硬币分离装置存在的问题在于，当推出盘138′将表面粘有胶带或口香糖等异物的异常币由出币口推出使异常币进入后续的硬币鉴别以及分拣等硬币处理装置时，由于异常币具有粘性或者表面形状不规整，容易卡塞在硬币处理装置内，造成设备故障。
发明内容
本申请提供一种硬币分离装置及分离方法，能够将具有粘性或者表面形状不规整的异常币从正常币中剔除或分离出，以避免异常币进入后续的硬币鉴别以及分拣等设备造成的卡塞问题。
本申请提供一种硬币分离装置，该装置包括：倾斜设置的硬币输送通道，设置为承接硬币并引导硬币沿硬币输送通道滚动，且硬币输送通道还设有供硬币脱离硬币输送通道的侧面开口；速度检测机构，与所述硬币输送通道连接，设置为获取硬币沿硬币输送通道滚动的滚动速度；控制机构，与速度检测机构通信连接，设置为将滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定滚动速度小于或等 于预设速度时，输出设定信号；踢币机构，与控制机构通信连接并与硬币输送通道连接，设置为接收控制机构输出的设定信号，并根据设定信号将硬币通过侧面开口顶出硬币输送通道。
在一实施例中，硬币输送通道包括用于承接硬币外圆面的底壁，以及与底壁的第一侧连接且用于承接硬币侧面的侧壁；
底壁的第二侧形成侧面开口，其中，底壁的第二侧与底壁的第一侧相对。
在一实施例中，侧壁上开设有第一通孔，第一通孔位于硬币输送通道的第一预设位置；
速度检测机构包括第一速度传感器，第一速度传感器设置在侧壁背离侧面开口的一侧，第一速度传感器设置为通过第一通孔与硬币输送通道中的硬币的侧面相对，并在硬币经过第一预设位置时，获取硬币在第一预设位置的速度；
其中，硬币在第一预设位置的速度为滚动速度。
在一实施例中，侧壁上开设有第一通孔和第二通孔，第一通孔位于硬币输送通道内的第一预设位置，第二通孔位于硬币输送通道内的第二预设位置；其中，沿硬币滚动方向，第一预设位置位于第二预设位置的上游；
速度检测机构包括第一速度传感器以及第二速度传感器，第一速度传感器和第二速度传感器均设置在侧壁背离所述侧面开口的一侧；
第一速度传感器设置为通过第一通孔与硬币输送通道中的硬币的侧面相对，并在硬币经过第一预设位置时，获取硬币在第一预设位置的速度；其中，硬币在第一预设位置的速度为预设速度；
第二速度传感器设置为通过第二通孔与硬币输送通道中的硬币的侧面相对，并在硬币经过第二预设位置时，获取硬币在第二预设位置的速度；其中，硬币在第二预设位置的速度为滚动速度。
在一实施例中，速度检测机构包括沿硬币滚动方向间隔设置的第一传感器、第二传感器、第三传感器和第四传感器；
硬币输送通道的位于第一传感器和第二传感器之间的部分形成第一预设区间；硬币输送通道的位于第三传感器和第四传感器之间的部分形成第二预设区间；
预设速度为硬币在第一预设区间内的平均速度；
滚动速度为硬币在第二预设区间内的平均速度。
在一实施例中，侧壁上开设有沿硬币输送通道的上游至下游的方向间隔设 置的第三通孔、第四通孔、第五通孔和第六通孔；
第一传感器设置为通过第三通孔与硬币输送通道中的硬币的侧面相对；第二传感器设置为通过第四通孔与硬币输送通道中的硬币的侧面相对；第三传感器设置为通过第五通孔与硬币输送通道中的硬币的侧面相对；第四传感器设置为通过第六通孔与硬币输送通道中的硬币的侧面相对。
在一实施例中，第一传感器、第二传感器、第三传感器和第四传感器为机械式传感器或光电传感器。
在一实施例中，侧壁上开设有贯穿孔；
踢币机构包括驱动部件以及与驱动部件传动连接的分离部件；
驱动部件设置为带动分离部件在位于硬币输送通道外的初始位置以及穿过贯穿孔并伸入硬币输送通道的工作位置之间来回移动。
在一实施例中，当分离部件位于工作位置时，分离部件伸入硬币输送通道的长度大于或等于底壁的宽度。
在一实施例中，侧壁上沿硬币滚动方向间隔布置有多个贯穿孔；
分离部件包括位于硬币输送通道外的基体，以及与基体连接并与多个贯穿孔一一对应的多个工作部；
当分离部件位于工作位置时，多个工作部穿过对应的多个贯穿孔进入硬币输送通道。
在一实施例中，基体上垂直连接有限位板，驱动部件包括电磁铁、衔铁和弹性件；其中，衔铁与基体连接，电磁铁与侧壁固定连接；弹性件连接在限位板与侧壁之间，所述弹性件设置为对分离部件施加弹性回复力，使分离部件始终具有向初始位置运动的趋势；
当电磁铁通电时，电磁铁吸引衔铁，衔铁带动分离部件克服弹性件的弹性回复力并运动至工作位置；当电磁铁断电时，电磁铁的磁力消失，分离部件在弹性件的弹性回复力的作用下从工作位置回到初始位置。
在一实施例中，硬币分离装置还包括设置在硬币输送通道的侧面开口一侧的回收通道；其中，回收通道设置为接收被踢币机构顶出硬币输送通道的硬币。
在一实施例中，该装置还包括分币机构；其中，分币机构的出币口与硬币输送通道的上游端连通。
本申请还提供一种硬币分离方法，该方法包括：获取硬币沿倾斜的硬币输送通道滚动的滚动速度；将滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定滚动速度小 于或等于预设速度时，将硬币顶出硬币输送通道以将硬币分离出。
在一实施例中，获取硬币在硬币输送通道内的第一预设位置的速度，硬币在第一预设位置的速度为滚动速度；将滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定滚动速度小于预设速度时，将硬币顶出硬币输送通道以将硬币分离出。
在一实施例中，获取硬币沿倾斜的硬币输送通道滚动的滚动速度包括：获取硬币在硬币输送通道内的第一预设位置的速度和硬币在硬币输送通道内的第二预设位置的速度；其中，沿硬币滚动方向，第一预设位置位于第二预设位置的上游；硬币在第一预设位置的速度为预设速度；硬币在第二预设位置的速度为滚动速度。
在一实施例中，获取硬币沿倾斜的硬币输送通道滚动的滚动速度包括：获取硬币在硬币输送通道的第一预设区间的平均速度和硬币在硬币输送通道的第二预设区间内的平均速度；其中，沿硬币滚动方向，第一预设区间位于第二预设区间的上游；硬币在第一预设区间内的平均速度为预设速度；硬币在第二预设区间内的平均速度为滚动速度。
本申请的实施例提供的硬币分离装置和硬币分离方法，均能够将具有粘性或者表面形状不规整的异常币从正常币中剔除，以避免异常币进入后续的硬币鉴别以及分拣等设备造成的卡塞问题。
图1是相关技术中的硬币分离装置的结构示意图；
图2是图1中所示的硬币分离装置的局部结构示意图；
图3为本申请一实施例提供的硬币分离装置在第一视角下的局部结构示意图；
图4为本申请一实施例提供的硬币分离装置在第一视角下的局部结构放大示意图；
图5为本申请一实施例提供的硬币分离装置在第二视角下的结构示意图；
图6为本申请一实施例提供的硬币分离装置的第一种工作原理图；
图7为本申请一实施例提供的硬币分离装置的第二种工作原理图；
图8为本申请一实施例提供的硬币分离装置的第三种工作原理图；
图9为本申请一实施例提供的硬币分离装置的结构示意图。
图中：104′-硬币分离机构；122′-转盘；124′-硬币兜；130′-凹部；138′-推出盘；10-硬币分离装置；100-硬币输送通道；101-第一预设区间；102-第二预设区间；110-底壁；120-侧壁；121-第一通孔；122-第二通孔；123-第三通孔；124-第四通孔；125-第五通孔；126-第六通孔；127-贯穿孔；130-侧面开口；200-速度检测机构；210-第一速度传感器；220-第二速度传感器；241-第一传感器；242-第二传感器；243-第三传感器；244-第四传感器；300-踢币机构；310-分离部件；311-基体；312-工作部；313-限位板；320-驱动部件；321-电磁铁；322-衔铁；323-弹性件；400-回收通道；500-分币机构；510-转盘；511-凹部；520-硬币兜；530-出币口。
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
因此，以下对本申请的实施例的描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的部分实施例。在本申请实施例中，相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行定义和解释。
在本申请的描述中，术语“第一”以及“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
实施例1：
请参照图3，图3为本实施例提供的硬币分离装置10的结构示意图。硬币分离装置10包括硬币输送通道100、速度检测机构200(图5中示出)和踢币机构300。
硬币输送通道100倾斜设置，硬币从硬币输送通道100的上游端进入硬币输送通道100。硬币在硬币输送通道100中被硬币输送通道100的内壁承接和引导，使硬币在重力的作用下沿着硬币输送通道100从硬币输送通道100的上游向下游滚动。请参照图4，图4为图3的IV处放大图，示出了硬币输送通道100的局部结构。从图4中可以看出，在本实施例中，硬币输送通道100包括底壁 110以及与底壁110的宽度方向上的第一侧连接的侧壁120。底壁110设置为承接硬币的外圆面，侧壁120设置为承接硬币的侧面。这样一来，硬币就能够沿着硬币输送通道100从硬币输送通道100的上游向下游滚动。在本实施例中，底壁110的宽度与硬币的厚度相适配(底壁110的宽度等于或略大于硬币的厚度)，以确保硬币能够沿底壁110正常滚动。底壁110的宽度方向上的第二侧(即与侧壁120相对的一侧)不设置阻挡物，形成侧面开口130。硬币能够通过侧面开口130脱离硬币输送通道100。可以理解的，在其他实施方式中，底壁110的第二侧也可以设置阻挡物(例如挡板)，并在阻挡物上开孔以形成侧面开口130，只要硬币能够通过侧面开口130脱离硬币输送通道100即可。
如果进入硬币输送通道100的硬币为正常币，则允许正常币通过硬币输送通道100的下游端滚出。如果进入硬币输送通道100的硬币为异常币(如由于硬币表面粘有胶带或口香糖等异物，导致硬币为具备粘性或表面形状不规则的硬币)，则需要将异常币通过侧面开口130从硬币输送通道100中剔除，以避免异常币由硬币输送通道100的下游端滚出并进入后续的硬币鉴别以及分拣等设备造成的卡塞问题。
当硬币输送通道100中的硬币为异常币时，踢币机构300将异常币通过侧面开口130顶出硬币输送通道100。踢币机构300的结构可以是多种多样的。
下面请结合图4并参照图5，在本实施例中，踢币机构300包括驱动部件320以及与驱动部件320传动连接的分离部件310。当硬币输送通道100中的硬币为异常币时，驱动部件320带动分离部件310运动，分离部件310与异常币接触并对异常币施加朝向侧面开口130的力，从而分离部件310将异常币通过侧面开口130顶出硬币输送通道100。图5示出了本实施例中硬币分离装置10背离侧面开口130一侧的结构。从图5中可以看出本实施例中分离部件310和驱动部件320的结构。侧壁120上开设有长条形的贯穿孔127。分离部件310呈板状，能够穿过贯穿孔127，并沿垂直于侧壁120的方向相对于侧壁120来回运动。当分离部件310位于硬币输送通道100外时，分离部件310位于初始位置。当分离部件310穿过贯穿孔127进入硬币输送通道100时，分离部件310位于工作位置。驱动部件320能够输出直线运动。驱动部件320与分离部件310传 动连接，设置为带动分离部件310在初始位置和工作位置之间来回移动。当分离部件310位于初始位置时，分离部件310不对硬币输送通道100内滚动的硬币造成影响，硬币输送通道100内的硬币能够从硬币输送通道100的下游端滚出并进入后续的硬币鉴别以及分拣等设备。在分离部件310从初始位置运动至工作位置的过程中，分离部件310与硬币输送通道100中的硬币的侧面接触，从而分离部件310将该硬币通过侧面开口130顶出硬币输送通道100。为了确保分离部件310能够将硬币通过侧面开口130顶出硬币输送通道100，在本实施例中，当分离部件310位于工作位置时，分离部件310伸入硬币输送通道100的长度大于或等于底壁110的宽度。
请继续参照图4和图5，在本实施例中，在侧壁120上开设有五个贯穿孔127。五个贯穿孔127沿硬币输送通道100的上游至下游的方向(硬币的滚动方向)间隔布置。相邻的两个贯穿孔127之间的间距小于硬币的直径。分离部件310包括基体311与基体311连接的五个工作部312。五个工作部312的位置与五个贯穿孔127的位置一一对应。分离部件310从初始位置运动至工作位置的过程中，五个工作部312同时穿过对应的五个贯穿孔127进入硬币输送通道100内。这样，能够增加分离部件310的工作范围，避免分离部件310伸入硬币输送通道100的部位错过硬币，而导致分离部件310无法将硬币顶出硬币输送通道100的问题。可以理解的，在其他实施方式中，贯穿孔127和工作部312的数量可以任意设置。
请继续参照图5，驱动部件320包括电磁铁321、衔铁322和弹性件323。电磁铁321包括线圈和铁芯(图中未示出)。衔铁322与基体311连接。电磁铁321与侧壁120固定连接。电磁铁321与衔铁322配合。基体311上垂直连接有限位板313。弹性件323连接在限位板313与侧壁120之间。在本实施例中，弹性件323被配置为对分离部件310施加弹性回复力，使分离部件310始终具有向初始位置运动的趋势。当电磁铁321通电时，电磁铁321吸引衔铁322向侧壁120方向移动，衔铁322带动分离部件310克服弹性件323的弹性回复力并运动至工作位置。当电磁铁321断电时，电磁铁321的磁力消失，在弹性件323的弹性回复力的作用下分离部件310从工作位置回到初始位置。
可以理解的，在其他实施例中，弹性件323也可以使分离部件310始终具有向工作位置运动的趋势。当电磁铁321通电时，分离部件310位于初始位置，当电磁铁321断电时，分离部件310位于工作位置。
在本实施例中，弹性件323为弹簧。当然弹性件323也可以由弹性橡胶或弹片等构成。
在一实施例中，驱动部件320也可以为气压缸、液压缸或直线电机等能够输出直线运动的装置。
请再次参照图3，为了收集被顶出硬币输送通道100的异常币，硬币分离装置10还包括设置在硬币输送通道100的侧面开口130一侧的回收通道400。回收通道400设置为接收被分离部件310顶出硬币输送通道100的异常币。
本实施例提供的硬币分离装置10通过速度检测机构200检测在硬币输送通道100中滚动的硬币是否为异常币，并在硬币为异常币时控制驱动部件320带动分离部件310运动至工作位置。速度检测机构200可以通过以下几种方式检测在硬币输送通道100中滚动的硬币是否为异常币。
方式1：
由于正常币不具备粘性且表面形状规则，因此，相同面额的正常币在沿硬币输送通道100滚动时受到的阻力基本一致，进而相同面额的正常币在硬币输送通道100的每个位置的速度是一定的。但是，由于异常币表面具备粘性或表面形状不规则，异常币在沿硬币输送通道100滚动时受到的阻力比正常币更大，因此与相同面额的正常币相比，异常币在硬币输送通道100内的每个位置的速度更小。这样，可以预先通过实验获得正常币在硬币输送通道100中第一预设位置的速度(预设速度)。在工作中，不确定为正常币还是异常币的硬币沿硬币输送通道100滚动，获取硬币在第一预设位置的速度(滚动速度)，当确定滚动速度小于预设速度时，即可确定该硬币为异常币。
参照图6，图6为本实施例提供的硬币分离装置10的第一种工作原理图。速度检测机构200包括第一速度传感器210。本实施例中，第一速度传感器210设置在侧壁120背离侧面开口130的一侧。在侧壁120上开设有第一通孔121，第一通孔121位于硬币输送通道100的第一预设位置。第一速度传感器210设 置为通过第一通孔121与硬币输送通道100中的硬币的侧面相对，并在硬币经过第一预设位置时，获取硬币在第一预设位置的速度。硬币在第一预设位置的速度被称为滚动速度。第一速度传感器210将获取的滚动速度传递至控制机构，控制机构将滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定滚动速度小于预设速度时，判断硬币为异常币。控制机构向驱动部件320发出信号，控制驱动部件320带动分离部件310运动至工作位置，将异常币顶出硬币输送通道100。
本实施例还提供一种硬币分离方法，包括：
获取硬币沿倾斜的硬币输送通道100的上游向下游滚动的滚动速度；本实施例中，第一速度传感器210获取硬币在硬币输送通道100内的第一预设位置的速度，硬币在第一预设位置的速度为滚动速度；
将滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定滚动速度小于预设速度时，将硬币顶出硬币输送通道100以将硬币分离出。
如此，即可避免异常币由硬币输送通道100的下游端滚出并进入后续的硬币鉴别以及分拣等设备造成的卡塞问题。
方式2：
硬币在重力的作用下沿硬币输送通道100滚动。由于正常币不具备粘性且表面形状规则，因此，正常币在沿硬币输送通道100滚动时受到的阻力较小，正常币在沿硬币输送通道100滚动的过程中速度逐渐增加，即正常币在硬币输送通道100下游的速度将大于正常币在硬币输送通道100上游的速度。由于异常币表面具备粘性或表面形状不规则，异常币在沿硬币输送通道100滚动时受到的阻力较大，因此，异常币在沿硬币输送通道100滚动的过程中速度将不会增加，甚至逐渐减小，即异常币在硬币输送通道100下游的速度将小于或等于异常币在硬币输送通道100上游的速度。这样，可以获取硬币在硬币输送通道100内的第一预设位置的速度和硬币在硬币输送通道100内的第二预设位置的速度。沿硬币滚动方向，第一预设位置位于第二预设位置的上游。硬币在第一预设位置的速度为预设速度，硬币在第二预设位置的速度为滚动速度。当滚动速度小于或等于预设速度时，即可确定该硬币为异常币。
参照图7，图7为本实施例提供的硬币分离装置10的第二种工作原理图。 速度检测机构200包括第一速度传感器210和第二速度传感器220。本实施例中，第一速度传感器210和第二速度传感器220设置在侧壁120背离侧面开口130的一侧。在侧壁120上开设有第一通孔121和第二通孔122。第一通孔121位于第二通孔122的上游。第一通孔121位于硬币输送通道100的第一预设位置，第二通孔122位于硬币输送通道100的第二预设位置。第一速度传感器210设置为通过第一通孔121与硬币输送通道100中的硬币的侧面相对，并在硬币经过第一预设位置时，第一速度传感器210获取硬币在第一预设位置的速度。硬币在第一预设位置的速度被称为预设速度。第一速度传感器210将获取的预设速度传递至控制机构。第二速度传感器220设置为通过第二通孔122与硬币输送通道100中的硬币的侧面相对，并在硬币经过第二预设位置时，获取硬币在第二预设位置的速度。硬币在第二预设位置的速度被称为滚动速度。第二速度传感器220将获取的滚动速度传递至控制机构。控制机构将滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定滚动速度小于或等于预设速度时，判断硬币为异常币。控制机构向驱动部件320发出信号，控制驱动部件320带动分离部件310运动至工作位置，分离部件310将异常币顶出硬币输送通道100。
本实施例还提供一种硬币分离方法，包括：
获取硬币沿倾斜的硬币输送通道100的上游向下游滚动的滚动速度；本实施例中，第一速度传感器210获取硬币在硬币输送通道100内的第一预设位置的速度，第二速度传感器220获取硬币在硬币输送通道100内的第二预设位置的速度；沿硬币滚动方向，第一预设位置位于第二预设位置的上游；硬币在第一预设位置的速度为预设速度；硬币在第二预设位置的速度为滚动速度；
将滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定滚动速度小于或等于预设速度时，将硬币顶出硬币输送通道100以将硬币分离出。
如此，即可避免异常币由硬币输送通道100的下游端滚出并进入后续的硬币鉴别以及分拣等设备造成的卡塞问题。
上面的硬币分离装置10和硬币分离方法，将硬币本身在硬币输送通道100内的速度作为硬币是否为异常币的判断依据，不受硬币面额的影响(不同面额的硬币，重量和滚动中所受阻力不同)，因此上面的硬币分离装置10和硬币分 离方法能够对不同面额的硬币进行分离处理，剔除其中的异常币。
方式3：
硬币在重力的作用下沿硬币输送通道100滚动。由于正常币不具备粘性且表面形状规则，因此，正常币在沿硬币输送通道100滚动时受到的阻力较小，正常币在沿硬币输送通道100滚动的过程中速度逐渐增加。这样，正常币在硬币输送通道100下游一定长度范围内的平均速度将大于正常币在硬币输送通道100上游一定长度范围内的平均速度。由于异常币表面具备粘性或表面形状不规则，异常币在沿硬币输送通道100滚动时受到的阻力较大，因此，异常币在沿硬币输送通道100滚动的过程中速度将不会增加，甚至逐渐减小。这样，异常币在硬币输送通道100下游一定长度范围内的平均速度将小于或等于异常币在硬币输送通道100上游一定长度范围内的平均速度。如此，可以获取硬币在硬币输送通道100内的第一预设区间的平均速度和硬币在硬币输送通道100内的第二预设区间内的平均速度。沿硬币滚动方向，第一预设区间位于第二预设区间的上游。硬币在第一预设区间内的平均速度为预设速度。硬币在第二预设区间内的平均速度为滚动速度。当滚动速度小于或等于预设速度时，即可确定该硬币为异常币。
参照图8，图8为本实施例提供的硬币分离装置10的第三种工作原理图。速度检测机构200包括沿硬币输送通道100的上游至下游的方向间隔设置的第一传感器241、第二传感器242、第三传感器243和第四传感器244。第一传感器241、第二传感器242、第三传感器243和第四传感器244均设置在侧壁120背离侧面开口130的一侧。在侧壁120上开设有沿硬币输送通道100的上游至下游的方向间隔设置的第三通孔123、第四通孔124、第五通孔125和第六通孔126。第一传感器241设置为通过第三通孔123与硬币输送通道100中的硬币的侧面相对，第二传感器242设置为通过第四通孔124与硬币输送通道100中的硬币的侧面相对，第三传感器243设置为通过第五通孔125与硬币输送通道100中的硬币的侧面相对，第四传感器244设置为通过第六通孔126与硬币输送通道100中的硬币的侧面相对。硬币输送通道100的位于第一传感器241和第二传感器242之间的部分形成第一预设区间101，硬币输送通道100的位于第三传 感器243和第四传感器244之间的部分形成第二预设区间102。在硬币从硬币输送通道100的上游向下游滚动的过程中，第一传感器241、第二传感器242、第三传感器243和第四传感器244被依次触发。第一传感器241、第二传感器242、第三传感器243和第四传感器244均为机械式传感器或光电式传感器。当第一传感器241、第二传感器242、第三传感器243和第四传感器244与硬币配合并被触发时输出第一检测信号，如高电平。当第一传感器241、第二传感器242、第三传感器243和第四传感器244未与硬币配合时，输出第二检测信号，如低电平。第一传感器241、第二传感器242、第三传感器243和第四传感器244将第一检测信号和第二检测信号输送至控制机构。控制机构根据第一传感器241、第二传感器242、第三传感器243和第四传感器244输出的信号变化判断硬币是否到达某个传感器所在位置。当控制机构检查到某个传感器输出的信号由第二检测信号变为第一检测信号时，判断硬币到达该传感器所在位置。当检测到硬币到达第一传感器241所在位置时，控制机构控制计时器(图中未示出)开始计时，当检测到硬币到达第二传感器242所在位置时，控制机构控制计时器停止计时。根据计时器的计时结果，以及硬币输送通道100的位于第一传感器241和第二传感器242之间的长度，即可得到硬币在第一预设区间101内的平均速度。硬币在第一预设区间101内的平均速度被称为预设速度。当检测到硬币到达第三传感器243所在位置时，控制机构控制计时器开始计时，当检测到硬币到达第四传感器244所在位置时，控制机构控制计时器停止计时。根据计时器的计时结果，以及硬币输送通道100的位于第三传感器243和第四传感器244之间的长度，即可得到硬币在第二预设区间102内的平均速度。硬币在第二预设区间102内的平均速度被称为滚动速度。控制机构将滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定滚动速度小于或等于预设速度时，判断硬币为异常币。控制机构向驱动部件320发出信号，控制驱动部件320带动分离部件310运动至工作位置，分离部件310将异常币顶出硬币输送通道100。
本实施例还提供一种硬币分离方法，包括：
获取沿倾斜的硬币输送通道100的上游向下游滚动的硬币的滚动速度；本实施例中，速度检测机构200获取硬币在硬币输送通道100的第一预设区间101 内的平均速度和硬币在硬币输送通道100的第二预设区间102内的平均速度；沿硬币滚动方向，第一预设区间101位于第二预设区间102的上游；硬币在第一预设区间101内的平均速度为预设速度；硬币在第二预设区间102内的平均速度为滚动速度；
将滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定滚动速度小于或等于预设速度时，控制踢币机构300将硬币顶出硬币输送通道100以将硬币分离出。
如此，即可避免异常币由硬币输送通道100的下游端滚出并进入后续的硬币鉴别以及分拣等设备造成的卡塞问题。
上面的硬币分离装置10和硬币分离方法，将硬币本身在硬币输送通道100内的速度作为硬币是否为异常币的判断依据，不受硬币面额的影响(不同面额的硬币，重量和滚动中所受阻力不同)，因此上面的硬币分离装置10和硬币分离方法能够对不同面额的硬币进行分离处理，剔除不同面额的硬币中的异常币。同时，上面的硬币分离装置10和硬币分离方法通过硬币在第一预设区间101内的平均速度和硬币在第二预设区间102内的平均速度判断硬币是否为异常币，判断结果更加准确，错误率更低。另外，速度检测机构200使用的四个传感器为机械式传感器或光电式传感器，还降低了设备的采购成本。
参照图9，本实施例的硬币分离装置10还可以包括分币机构500。
分币机构500设置为将多枚硬币一枚接一枚地分离输出。分币机构500包括转盘510、硬币兜520，以及转盘驱动组件(图中未示出)。其中，硬币兜520设置为接收硬币。在硬币兜520的上方设置有出币口530，转盘510位于硬币兜520内，转盘510与水平面呈夹角设置，以使硬币在重力作用下能够依靠在转盘510上。在一实施例中，该夹角为60°～70°范围内的夹角。转盘510沿自身轴线的周向间隔设有多个凹部511，转盘驱动组件与转盘510传动连接，在转盘驱动组件的驱动下，转盘510可绕自身轴线转动，多个凹部511随之绕转盘510轴心转动，且当每个凹部511转动至上方设定位置时，可与出币口530连通。当硬币被投入硬币兜520内时，由于转盘510倾斜设置，硬币落入位于转盘510下部的凹部511内，当转盘驱动组件驱动转盘510转动时，凹部511带动该硬币随之转动，当该凹部511与出币口530连通时，在离心力的作用下，硬币由 出币口530输出。
出币口530与硬币输送通道100的上游端连通。由出币口530输出的硬币通过硬币输送通道100的上游端进入硬币输送通道100，踢币机构300即将硬币输送通道100中的异常币剔除，如此，即可避免异常币由硬币输送通道100的下游端滚出并进入后续的硬币鉴别以及分拣等设备造成的卡塞问题。
显然，本申请的上述实施例仅仅是为了说明本申请所作的举例，而并非是对本申请的实施方式的限定。
本公开提供的技术方案可以将具有粘性或者表面形状不规整的异常币从正常币中剔除或分离出，以避免异常币进入后续的硬币鉴别以及分拣等设备造成的卡塞问题。
Claims (13)
- 一种硬币分离装置，包括：倾斜设置的硬币输送通道，设置为承接硬币并引导所述硬币沿所述硬币输送通道滚动，且所述硬币输送通道还设有供所述硬币脱离所述硬币输送通道的侧面开口；速度检测机构，与所述硬币输送通道连接，设置为获取所述硬币沿所述硬币输送通道滚动的滚动速度；控制机构，与所述速度检测机构通信连接，设置为将所述滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定所述滚动速度小于或等于所述预设速度时，输出设定信号；踢币机构，与所述控制机构通信连接并与所述硬币输送通道连接，设置为接收所述控制机构输出的所述设定信号，并根据所述设定信号将所述硬币通过所述侧面开口顶出所述硬币输送通道。
- 根据权利要求1所述的硬币分离装置，其中，所述硬币输送通道包括用于承接硬币外圆面的底壁，以及与所述底壁的第一侧连接且用于承接硬币侧面的侧壁；所述底壁的第二侧形成所述侧面开口，其中，所述底壁的第二侧与所述底壁的第一侧相对。
- 根据权利要求2所述的硬币分离装置，其中，所述侧壁上开设有第一通孔，所述第一通孔位于所述硬币输送通道的第一预设位置；所述速度检测机构包括第一速度传感器，所述第一速度传感器设置在所述侧壁背离所述侧面开口的一侧，所述第一速度传感器设置为通过所述第一通孔与所述硬币输送通道中的所述硬币的侧面相对，并在所述硬币经过所述第一预设位置时，获取所述硬币在所述第一预设位置的速度；其中，所述硬币在所述第一预设位置的速度为所述滚动速度。
- 根据权利要求2所述的硬币分离装置，其中，所述侧壁上开设有第一通孔和第二通孔，所述第一通孔位于所述硬币输送通道内的第一预设位置，所述第二通孔位于所述硬币输送通道内的第二预设位置；其中，沿硬币滚动方向，所述第一预设位置位于所述第二预设位置的上游；所述速度检测机构包括第一速度传感器以及第二速度传感器，所述第一速度传感器和所述第二速度传感器均设置在所述侧壁背离所述侧面开口的一侧；所述第一速度传感器设置为通过所述第一通孔与所述硬币输送通道中的所述硬币的侧面相对，并在所述硬币经过所述第一预设位置时，获取所述硬币在所述第一预设位置的速度；其中，所述硬币在所述第一预设位置的速度为所述预设速度；所述第二速度传感器设置为通过所述第二通孔与所述硬币输送通道中的所述硬币的侧面相对，并在所述硬币经过所述第二预设位置时，获取所述硬币在所述第二预设位置的速度；其中，所述硬币在所述第二预设位置的速度为所述滚动速度。
- 根据权利要求2所述的硬币分离装置，其中，所述速度检测机构包括沿硬币滚动方向间隔设置的第一传感器、第二传感器、第三传感器和第四传感器；所述硬币输送通道的位于所述第一传感器和所述第二传感器之间的部分形成第一预设区间；所述硬币输送通道的位于所述第三传感器和所述第四传感器之间的部分形成第二预设区间；所述预设速度为所述硬币在所述第一预设区间内的平均速度；所述滚动速度为所述硬币在所述第二预设区间内的平均速度。
- 根据权利要求5所述的硬币分离装置，其中，所述侧壁上开设有沿所述硬币输送通道的上游至下游的方向间隔设置的第三通孔、第四通孔、第五通孔和第六通孔；所述第一传感器设置为通过所述第三通孔与所述硬币输送通道中的所述硬币的侧面相对；所述第二传感器设置为通过所述第四通孔与所述硬币输送通道中的所述硬币的侧面相对；所述第三传感器设置为通过所述第五通孔与所述硬币输送通道中的所述硬币的侧面相对；所述第四传感器设置为通过所述第六通孔与所述硬币输送通道中的所述硬币的侧面相对。
- 根据权利要求5或6所述的硬币分离装置，其中。所述第一传感器、所述第二传感器、所述第三传感器和所述第四传感器为机械式传感器或光电传感器。
- 根据权利要求2-7任一项所述的硬币分离装置，其中，所述侧壁上开设有贯穿孔；所述踢币机构包括驱动部件以及与所述驱动部件传动连接的分离部件；所述驱动部件设置为带动所述分离部件在位于所述硬币输送通道外的初始位置以及穿过所述贯穿孔并伸入所述硬币输送通道的工作位置之间来回移动。
- 根据权利要求8所述的硬币分离装置，其中，当所述分离部件位于所述工作位置时，所述分离部件伸入所述硬币输送通道的长度大于或等于所述底壁的宽度。
- 根据权利要求8或9所述的硬币分离装置，其中，所述侧壁上沿硬币滚动方向间隔布置有多个所述贯穿孔；所述分离部件包括位于所述硬币输送通道外的基体，以及与所述基体连接并与多个所述贯穿孔一一对应的多个工作部；当所述分离部件位于所述工作位置时，多个所述工作部穿过对应的多个所述贯穿孔进入所述硬币输送通道。
- 根据权利要求10所述的硬币分离装置，其中，所述基体上垂直连接有限位板，所述驱动部件包括电磁铁、衔铁和弹性件；其中，所述衔铁与所述基体连接；所述电磁铁与所述侧壁固定连接；所述弹性件连接在所述限位板与所述侧壁之间，所述弹性件设置为对所述分离部件施加弹性回复力，使所述分离部件始终具有向所述初始位置运动的趋势；当所述电磁铁通电时，所述电磁铁吸引所述衔铁，所述衔铁带动所述分离部件克服所述弹性件的弹性回复力并运动至所述工作位置；当所述电磁铁断电时，所述电磁铁的磁力消失，所述分离部件在所述弹性件的弹性回复力的作用下从所述工作位置回到所述初始位置。
- 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的硬币分离装置，还包括：设置在所述硬币输送通道的所述侧面开口一侧的回收通道，所述回收通道设置为接收被所述踢币机构顶出所述硬币输送通道的硬币。
- 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的硬币分离装置，还包括分币机构；其中，所述分币机构的出币口与所述硬币输送通道的上游端连通。14、一种硬币分离方法，包括：获取硬币沿倾斜的硬币输送通道滚动的滚动速度；将所述滚动速度和预设速度进行对比，当确定所述滚动速度小于或等于所述预设速度时，将所述硬币顶出所述硬币输送通道以将所述硬币分离出。
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