WO2018210183A1 - 3d打印设备和方法 - Google Patents

3d打印设备和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018210183A1
WO2018210183A1 PCT/CN2018/086489 CN2018086489W WO2018210183A1 WO 2018210183 A1 WO2018210183 A1 WO 2018210183A1 CN 2018086489 W CN2018086489 W CN 2018086489W WO 2018210183 A1 WO2018210183 A1 WO 2018210183A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
melt
printing
discharge
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/086489
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
成森平
李霄凌
邓飞黄
卢皓晖
刘海利
姚涓
王晓飞
吴伟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Triastek Inc
Original Assignee
Triastek Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CN202111376607.6A priority Critical patent/CN114290669B/zh
Priority to CN201880001232.5A priority patent/CN109311232A/zh
Priority to CA3063797A priority patent/CA3063797C/en
Priority to CN202111400828.2A priority patent/CN114311659B/zh
Priority to JP2019564009A priority patent/JP7174432B2/ja
Priority to EP18802440.0A priority patent/EP3626439B1/en
Priority to AU2018267821A priority patent/AU2018267821B2/en
Priority to US16/614,301 priority patent/US11364674B2/en
Priority to EP25154202.3A priority patent/EP4574428A3/en
Application filed by Triastek Inc filed Critical Triastek Inc
Priority to KR1020197036147A priority patent/KR102455404B1/ko
Publication of WO2018210183A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018210183A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US17/752,729 priority patent/US20220339857A1/en
Priority to JP2022160181A priority patent/JP7514555B2/ja
Priority to JP2024101296A priority patent/JP7797039B2/ja
Priority to JP2025259437A priority patent/JP2026042045A/ja
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B29C64/232—Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/295—Heating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B29C64/329—Feeding using hoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B29C64/336—Feeding of two or more materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing

Definitions

  • the present application relates to an apparatus and method related to additive manufacturing techniques, and more particularly to a 3D printing apparatus and a 3D printing method.
  • 3D printing is a rapid prototyping technology based on a digital model that uses a bondable material such as metal or plastic to produce a product by layer-by-layer printing. With the rapid development of related technologies, 3D printing is widely used in the jewelry, engineering, automotive, dental, aerospace and medical industries.
  • the melt layer forming technology is a commonly used 3D printing technology.
  • the 3D printing device adopting the technology generally heats the filamentous material composed of materials such as ABS and PLA to a temperature slightly higher than the melting point, and under the control of a computer or a controller, the layer-by-layer extrusion melt is stacked and stacked into a desired product.
  • Existing such 3D printing devices typically have limitations on the material of the starting material prior to melting, such as 3D printing equipment using melt lamination molding techniques.
  • the generally applicable feed must be linear or filamentary, which obviously limits this type of material. The scope of application of 3D printing equipment.
  • a major problem with existing devices for additive manufacturing is the accidental leakage of material through the nozzle, which can result in printing over the required amount of material.
  • the problem is even more complicated when using two or more nozzles that may print different materials and need to alternately turn the switch on or off. For example, if the first nozzle leaks the first material when the second nozzle prints the second material, manufacturing defects or material waste may occur.
  • the devices and systems of the present invention can handle a range of pharmaceutical materials with high accuracy and high precision material deposition, these devices and systems are well suited for the manufacture of pharmaceutical dosage forms having complex geometries and compositions.
  • the devices, systems and methods described herein also facilitate personalized medicine, including personalized dosage and/or personalized release profiles.
  • Personalized medicine refers to the stratification of patient populations based on biomarkers to aid in treatment decisions and personalized dosage form design.
  • the personalized pharmaceutical dosage form allows the dosage and release profile to be adjusted based on the patient's quality and metabolism.
  • Pharmaceutical dosage forms made using the devices described herein can ensure an accurate dose of growth for a child and allow for personalized dosing of highly effective drugs.
  • Personalized dosage forms can also combine all patient's medications into a single daily dose to improve patient compliance and treatment adherence. Modifying digital designs is easier than modifying physical devices.
  • automated small three-dimensional printing can have negligible operating costs.
  • the use of the additive manufacturing apparatus described herein allows a plurality of small, personalized batches to be economically viable and enables personalized dosage forms designed to enhance compliance.
  • continuous production of drugs uses process analysis technology (PAT) to provide quality information (such as near-infrared technology) in real time and continuously, so that the final product can be directly put on the market.
  • PAT process analysis technology
  • This production process greatly improves the efficiency of the manufacturing equipment and improves the quality of the medicine.
  • continuous quality inspection during the production process can effectively avoid batch waste, eliminating the need for intermediate links and saving the storage and transportation costs of intermediate products. It can be predicted that in the near future, the "continuous production” method, like 3D drug printing, may become the mainstream of drug production.
  • continuous production requires a fully enclosed vacuum feed to avoid cross-contamination and requires all testing to be done during the production process.
  • a 3D printing apparatus including a first melt extrusion module, a first printing module, and a platform module.
  • the first melt extrusion module includes a processing chamber having a feed port and a discharge port, and an extrusion device and a heating device disposed at the process chamber.
  • the first melt extrusion module is configured to receive a first initial material through a feed port of the processing chamber and to heat and extrude the first initial material such that the first initial material is converted to A first melt, the first melt being extruded from a discharge port of the processing chamber.
  • the first printing module is in communication with a discharge opening of the processing chamber and has a first nozzle.
  • the first printing module is configured to receive the first melt extruded from a discharge opening of the processing chamber and direct the first melt to be extruded through the first nozzle.
  • the platform module is configured to receive the first melt extruded through the first nozzle.
  • the first printing module is for melting and applying pressure
  • the first printing module includes a supply channel connected to the printhead
  • the printhead includes a nozzle
  • the nozzle includes a cone An inner surface and an extrusion port for printing material
  • a pressure sensor for detecting a pressure of a material in the feed passage in the nozzle or near the nozzle
  • a control switch including an openable position and Closing a position-switching sealing needle, the sealing needle extending through a portion of the supply passage and including a tapered end; wherein a tapered end of the sealing needle engages a tapered inner surface of the nozzle to block Material flows through the nozzle when the sealing needle is in the closed position.
  • a product eg, a pharmaceutical dosage form
  • the control switch of the sealing needle prevents material from flowing through the nozzle.
  • the nozzle includes a tapered inner surface and the sealing needle includes a tapered end that engages the tapered inner surface of the nozzle to limit material leakage.
  • the sealing needle is preferably sharp, thin and has no protrusions, which may push the material out of the nozzle when in the closed position.
  • the pressure of the material is preferably kept approximately constant in the apparatus, and the pressure of the material can be controlled by monitoring the pressure and applying pressure to the material using a feedback system.
  • any portion of the sealing needle of the contact material has no protrusions.
  • the tapered end of the sealing needle includes a pointed end.
  • the tapered end of the sealing needle is frustoconical.
  • the tapered inner surface of the nozzle has a first taper angle and the tapered end of the sealing needle has a second taper angle; and the second taper angle is the same as or smaller than the first taper angle a cone angle.
  • the second taper angle is about 60° or less.
  • the second cone angle is about 45° or less.
  • the ratio of the first cone angle to the second cone angle is between about 1:1 and 4:1.
  • the extrusion port has a diameter of from about 0.1 mm to 1 mm. In some embodiments, the tapered end has a maximum diameter of from about 0.2 mm to about 3.0 mm. In some embodiments, the extrusion port has a diameter, the tapered end has a maximum diameter, and a ratio of a maximum diameter of the tapered end to a diameter of the extrusion port is about 1:0.8 to about 1:0.1.
  • control switch includes an actuator that can position the sealing needle in an open position or a closed position.
  • the actuator is a pneumatic actuator.
  • the actuator is a mechanical actuator.
  • the sealing needle passes through a gasket that is fixed relative to the position of the nozzle, wherein the gasket closes the supply passage.
  • the tapered end of the sealing needle or the tapered inner surface of the nozzle comprises a flexible liner or bushing.
  • the material is non-wire. In some embodiments, the material has a viscosity of about 100 Pa.s or greater when extruded from the device. In some embodiments, the material has a viscosity of about 400 Pa.s or greater when extruded from the device. In some embodiments, the material melts at a temperature of from about 50 °C to 400 °C. In some embodiments, the material is extruded from the nozzle at a temperature of from about 50 °C to about 400 °C. In some embodiments, the material is extruded from the nozzle at a temperature of from about 90 °C to 300 °C.
  • a first feed module is further included.
  • the first charging module includes a hopper having a feed port and a discharge port, and configured to receive a first initial material through a feed port of the hopper, and pass through a discharge port of the hopper The feed port of the processing chamber of the first melt extrusion module discharges the first initial material.
  • the 3D printing device further includes a control module.
  • the control module includes a computerized controller for controlling the 3D printing device based on status parameters of the 3D printing device.
  • the 3D printing device further includes a first temperature detecting device communicatively coupled to the control module.
  • the first temperature detecting device is configured to detect a temperature of the first melt at the processing chamber and to communicate a first temperature detection signal to the control module.
  • the processing chamber heating device is communicatively coupled to the control module, and the control module controls heating power of the processing chamber heating device based on the first temperature detection signal.
  • the extrusion device is in communication with the control module, and the control module controls the extrusion power of the extrusion device based on the first temperature detection signal.
  • the extrusion device comprises a screw device.
  • the screw device is disposed in the processing chamber to extrude the first initial material or first melt and deliver the first melt to a discharge port of the processing chamber.
  • the screw device is a single screw device, a twin screw device, or a combination thereof.
  • the first melt extrusion module includes a melt extrusion discharge control device that is configured to control a discharge port of the processing chamber The discharge rate of the first melt.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes: a first pressure detecting device communicatively coupled to the control module, configured to detect the first printing module a pressure of the first melt and transmitting a first pressure detection signal to the control module; a pressure adjustment device disposed to the first print module, the microphone is configured to adjust the first print a pressure of the first melt at the module; wherein the control module is communicatively coupled to the pressure regulating device and adjusts the at the first printing module by the pressure regulating device based on the first pressure detection signal The pressure of the first melt.
  • a first pressure detecting device communicatively coupled to the control module, configured to detect the first printing module a pressure of the first melt and transmitting a first pressure detection signal to the control module
  • a pressure adjustment device disposed to the first print module, the microphone is configured to adjust the first print a pressure of the first melt at the module
  • the control module is communicatively coupled to the pressure regulating device and adjusts the at the first printing module by the pressure regulating device based on the first pressure detection signal The
  • a pressure sensor is coupled to the computer system that controls the first printing module in response to the pressure reported by the pressure sensor and pressurizes the material to a desired pressure.
  • the pressure of the material is within 0.05 MPa of the desired pressure.
  • the first printing module includes a piston and a barrel coupled to the feed flow passage, wherein the piston is driven to control the pressure of material within the barrel.
  • a stepper motor is used to drive the piston.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes: a second temperature detecting device communicatively coupled to the control module, configured to detect the first printing module a temperature of the first melt and transmitting a second temperature detection signal to the control module; a temperature adjustment device disposed at the first printing module, configured to adjust the first print a temperature of the first melt at the module; wherein the control module is communicatively coupled to the temperature adjustment device and adjusts the at the first print module by the temperature adjustment device based on the second temperature detection signal The temperature of the first melt.
  • the second temperature detecting device is coupled to a computer system that controls the respective temperature regulating device based on the temperature monitored by the second temperature detecting device.
  • the present invention provides a more accurate system for depositing materials or manufacturing products (e.g., pharmaceutical dosage forms) by additive control of the pressure in the feed channel in the vicinity of the nozzle or nozzle, and utilizing when the sealing needle is closed In position, a control switch with a sealing pin prevents material from flowing through the nozzle.
  • the nozzle includes a tapered inner surface and the sealing needle includes a tapered end that engages the tapered inner surface of the nozzle to limit material leakage.
  • the sealing needle is preferably sharp, thin and has no protrusions, which may push the material out of the nozzle when in the closed position.
  • the pressure of the material is preferably kept approximately constant in the apparatus, and the pressure of the material can be controlled by monitoring the pressure and applying pressure to the material using a feedback system.
  • the first charging module further includes a hopper discharge control device, the hopper discharge control device being configured to control the first initial material of the discharge port of the hopper Discharge speed.
  • the hopper discharge control device is a screw device, and the screw device is disposed in the hopper, and controls a discharge port of the hopper by a change in the rotation speed of the screw The discharge rate of the first initial material.
  • a second charging module is further included that is configured to receive a second initial material through a feed port of the hopper and to discharge the second initial material through a discharge port of the hopper.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes: a first component detecting device communicatively coupled to the control module, configured to detect the 3D printing device a component of the first melt at any position and transmitting a first component detection signal to the control module; a hopper discharge control device of the first and second feed modules and the control module a communication connection, the control module respectively controlling the hoppers of the first feeding module and the second feeding module through the hopper discharging control device of the first feeding module and the second feeding module according to the first component detecting signal The discharge rate of the first initial material and the second initial material of the discharge port.
  • a first component detecting device communicatively coupled to the control module, configured to detect the 3D printing device a component of the first melt at any position and transmitting a first component detection signal to the control module
  • a hopper discharge control device of the first and second feed modules and the control module a communication connection, the control module respectively controlling the hoppers of the first feeding module and the second feeding module through the hopper discharging control device of the first feeding module and the
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes: a first cache module, the first cache module including a storage chamber having a feed port and a discharge port, the feed of the storage chamber a port communicating with a discharge opening of the processing chamber, the discharge opening of the storage chamber being in communication with the first printing module, the first buffer module being configured to receive a discharge from the processing chamber The first melt is extruded from the mouth and directs the first melt to enter the first printing module through a discharge opening of the storage chamber.
  • the first cache module further includes a stock discharge control device for controlling a discharge rate of the first melt of the discharge port of the storage chamber.
  • the first cache module further includes a storage compartment heating device, the storage compartment heating apparatus being configured to heat the first melt within the storage compartment.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes: a third temperature detecting device communicatively coupled to the control module, configured to detect at the storage chamber a temperature of the first melt and a third temperature detection signal to the control module; the control module controlling a heating power of the storage chamber heating device according to the third temperature detection signal.
  • a third temperature detecting device communicatively coupled to the control module, configured to detect at the storage chamber a temperature of the first melt and a third temperature detection signal to the control module; the control module controlling a heating power of the storage chamber heating device according to the third temperature detection signal.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes: a volume detecting device communicatively coupled to the control module, configured to detect a remaining volume of the storage chamber, and to The control module transmits a volume detection signal.
  • the first melt extrusion module further comprises: a melt extrusion discharge control device configured to control the first melt of the discharge port of the processing chamber Discharge speed; wherein the melt extrusion discharge control device is communicatively coupled to the control module, and the control module controls the processing chamber through the melt extrusion discharge control device according to the volume detection signal The discharge rate of the first melt of the discharge port.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes a return circuit configured to direct the first melt recirculation that is at least partially extruded from the discharge port of the processing chamber To the processing chamber.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes: a second charging module, the second charging module including a hopper having a feed opening and a discharge opening, and configured to pass through the hopper Receiving and discharging a second initial material; a second melt extrusion module, the second melt extrusion module comprising a processing chamber having a feed port and a discharge port, and an extrusion device disposed at the processing chamber Processing a chamber heating device configured to receive the second initial material through a feed port of a processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module and to heat and extrude the second initial material such that The second initial material is converted into a second melt, the second melt is extruded from a discharge port of the processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module; and a first mixing module, the first The mixing module includes a mixing chamber having a feed port and a discharge port, the feed port of the mixing chamber and the discharge port of the processing chamber of the first melt extrusion module and the second melt extrusion module Connected, the discharge port
  • the first melt extrusion module and the second melt extrusion module each comprise a melt extrusion discharge control device configured to control the first melt extrusion module and The discharge rate of the first melt and the second melt of the discharge port of the processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes: a second component detecting device communicatively coupled to the control module, configured to detect the mixing chamber a component of the first mixed melt extruded from the discharge port and transmitting a second component detection signal to the control module; melt extrusion of the first melt extrusion module and the second melt extrusion module
  • the discharge control device is respectively communicably connected to the control module, and the control module passes the melt extrusion discharge control device of the first melt extrusion module and the second melt extrusion module according to the second component detection signal
  • the discharge rates of the first melt and the second melt of the discharge ports of the processing chambers of the first melt extrusion module and the second melt extrusion module are separately controlled.
  • the first mixing module further comprises a mixing chamber heating device arranged to heat the first mixed melt at the mixing chamber.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes: a fourth temperature detecting device communicatively coupled to the control module and configured to detect at the mixing chamber Temperature of the first mixed melt and transmitting a fourth temperature detection signal to the control module; the control module controls heating power of the mixing chamber heating device according to the fourth temperature detection signal.
  • the first mixing module further includes a mixing chamber discharge control device for controlling a discharge speed of the first mixed melt of the discharge port of the mixing chamber .
  • the first nozzle has an inner diameter of 0.05 to 2 mm.
  • the first printing module further includes a second nozzle.
  • the communication paths of the first nozzle and the second nozzle to the discharge port of the processing chamber are equidistant.
  • the nozzle device includes a plurality of nozzles arranged in an array.
  • the 3D printing device further includes a print module drive mechanism configured to drive the first nozzle of the first print module to move relative to the platform module.
  • the print module drive mechanism is configured to drive a first nozzle of the print module to move along a Cartesian coordinate system Z-axis relative to the platform module.
  • the platform module includes: a first deposition platform configured to receive the first melt extruded through the first nozzle; and a platform drive a mechanism that drives the first deposition platform to move relative to the first nozzle of the first printing module.
  • the platform drive mechanism is configured to drive the first deposition platform to move relative to the first nozzle along a Cartesian coordinate system X-axis and/or Y-axis.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes: a second melt extrusion module, the second melt extrusion module including a processing chamber having a feed port and a discharge port and being disposed in the processing chamber An extrusion device at the chamber and a processing chamber heating device, the second melt extrusion module being configured to receive a second initial material through a feed port of the processing chamber and to heat the second initial material And extruding to convert the second initial material into a second melt, the second melt being extruded from a discharge opening of the processing chamber; the first printing module further comprising a second nozzle The second nozzle is in communication with a discharge opening of a processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module, the first print module being configured to receive a discharge from a processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module The second melt extruded from the port and directing the second melt to be extruded through the second nozzle; the platform drive mechanism drives the deposition platform below the first nozzle and second Move between the lower part of the nozzle.
  • the platform module further includes: a second deposition platform configured to receive the first melt extruded through the first nozzle; A platform drive mechanism drives the first deposition platform and the second deposition platform sequentially through the lower portion of the first nozzle.
  • the 3D printing device further includes a product collection module configured to collect the final product formed on the platform module.
  • the 3D printing device further includes an inspection module configured to detect product parameters of the final product formed on the platform module.
  • the 3D printing device further includes an automatic screening module configured to pick the final product formed on the platform module.
  • the 3D printing apparatus further includes an automatic feed module configured to deliver the first initial material to the first feed module.
  • all of the various components in communication with each other are in communication via a hose.
  • the hose has an inner diameter of from 1 to 100 millimeters.
  • the first starting material comprises a thermoplastic material.
  • the 3D printing device further includes a second printing module located above the Z-axis of the Cartesian coordinate system of the first printing module.
  • the 3D printing device further includes a plurality of the above devices, wherein each of the printing modules is configured with a control switch.
  • the system includes a first device loaded with a first material and a second device loaded with a second material, wherein the first material and the second material are different.
  • the system includes a computer system including one or more processors and computer readable memory, wherein the computer system is used to control the system.
  • a computer readable memory stores instructions for printing a product using the system.
  • the computer readable memory stores instructions for controlling the pressure of material in each print module in response to pressure detected by a pressure sensor in the respective print module.
  • the computer readable memory stores instructions for controlling the temperature of the material in each of the printing modules in response to temperatures detected by temperature sensors in the respective printing modules.
  • a 3D printing method comprising: adding a first initial material to a processing chamber of a first melt extrusion module; An initial material is heated and extruded to convert it into a first melt, and the first melt is extruded from a discharge port of the processing chamber; and a discharge port of the processing chamber is guided The first melt is extruded through a first nozzle of the first printing module and deposited onto the platform module.
  • the 3D printing method further includes adding a first starting material to the first melt extrusion module through a hopper of the first charging module.
  • the 3D printing method further includes: detecting a pressure of the first melt at the first printing module; and controlling the first printing module according to the detected pressure The pressure of the first melt.
  • the method uses a feedback system to control the pressure of the first melt based on the monitored pressure.
  • the pressure of the first melt within the nozzle remains approximately constant.
  • the 3D printing method further includes: detecting a temperature of the first melt at the first printing module; and adjusting a first portion at the first printing module according to the detected temperature The temperature of a melt.
  • the method uses a feedback system to control the temperature of the first melt based on the monitored temperature.
  • the temperature of the first melt within the nozzle remains approximately constant.
  • the step of directing the first melt of the discharge opening of the processing chamber through the first nozzle of the first printing module and depositing onto the platform module further comprises the step of further comprising: Passing a first melt through an extrusion port of the nozzle, the nozzle including a tapered inner surface; engaging a tapered end of the sealing needle with a tapered inner surface of the nozzle to close the extrusion port to prevent flow of the first melt Retracting the tapered end of the sealing needle to restore the flow of the first melt through the extrusion port.
  • the first melt comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable material. In some embodiments, the first melt comprises a drug. In some embodiments, the method includes receiving an instruction to manufacture a pharmaceutical dosage form.
  • the material is non-wired. In some embodiments, the material has a viscosity of about 100 Pa.s or greater.
  • any portion of the sealing needle that contacts the material has no protrusions.
  • the tapered end of the sealing needle includes a sharpened tip.
  • the tapered end of the sealing needle is frustoconical.
  • the tapered inner surface of the nozzle has a first taper angle and the tapered end of the sealing needle has a second taper angle; wherein the second taper angle is equal to or less than the first taper angle.
  • the second taper angle is about 60° or less.
  • the second cone angle is about 45° or less.
  • the ratio of the first cone angle to the second cone angle is between about 1:1 and 4:1.
  • the extrusion port has a diameter of from about 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
  • the tapered end has a maximum diameter of from about 0.2 to about 3.0 mm. In some embodiments, the extrusion port has a diameter and the tapered end has a maximum diameter, and the ratio of the largest diameter of the tapered end to the diameter of the extrusion port is from about 1:0.8 to about 1:0.1.
  • the method uses a feedback system to control the pressure of the first melt based on the monitored pressure. In certain embodiments of the invention, the pressure of the first melt within the nozzle remains approximately constant.
  • the method uses a feedback system to control the temperature of the first melt based on the monitored temperature. In certain embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the first melt within the nozzle remains approximately constant. In some embodiments of the present invention, the 3D printing method further includes: detecting a temperature of the first melt at the processing chamber; and controlling a portion of the processing chamber according to the detected temperature The heating power of a melt or first starting material and/or the extrusion power to the first melt or first starting material.
  • the step of guiding the first melt of the discharge port of the processing chamber through the first nozzle of the first printing module and depositing it onto the platform module comprises: Directing a first melt of the discharge port of the processing chamber into a storage chamber of the first cache module; guiding the first melt of the discharge port of the storage chamber through the first of the first printing module The nozzle is extruded and deposited onto the platform module.
  • the 3D printing method further includes: detecting a temperature of the first melt at the storage chamber; and controlling a first of the storage chambers according to the detected temperature The heating power of a melt.
  • the 3D printing method detecting a remaining volume of the storage chamber; and controlling the first of the discharge ports of the processing chamber according to a remaining volume of the storage chamber The discharge rate of the melt.
  • the 3D printing method further includes directing the first melt that is at least partially extruded from the discharge opening of the processing chamber to flow back into the processing chamber.
  • the 3D printing method further comprises: adding a second initial material to a processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module through a hopper of the second charging module; and the second melt extrusion module
  • the second starting material in the processing chamber is heated and extruded to convert it into a second melt and is extruded from the discharge port of the processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module; Mixing the first melt and the second melt in a chamber to form a first mixed melt; and directing the first mixed melt of the mixing chamber discharge port through the first nozzle of the first printing module And deposited on the platform module.
  • the 3D printing method further comprises: detecting a composition of the first mixed melt extruded from the discharge opening of the mixing chamber; according to the detected first mixed melt The components control the discharge rates of the first melt and the second melt at the discharge ports of the processing chambers of the first melt extrusion module and the second melt extrusion module, respectively.
  • the 3D printing method further comprises: detecting a temperature of the first mixed melt at the mixing chamber; and controlling a portion at the mixing chamber based on the detected temperature The heating power of a mixed melt.
  • the 3D printing method further comprises: adding a second initial material to a processing chamber of the first melt extrusion module through a hopper of the second charging module; An initial material and a second starting material are heated and extruded to convert them into a first melt.
  • the 3D printing method further includes detecting a composition of the first melt at an arbitrary position of the 3D printing apparatus, and separately controlling the component according to the detected composition of the first melt The discharge rates of the first initial material and the second initial material of the discharge ports of the first charging module and the second charging module.
  • the 3D printing method further comprises: adding a second initial material to a processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module through a hopper of the second charging module; and performing the second melt extrusion
  • the second initial material in the processing chamber of the module is heated and extruded to convert it into a second melt and extruded from a discharge port of the processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module; a second melt of the discharge port of the processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module is extruded through a second nozzle of the first printing module and deposited onto the platform module; and driving the platform module at the first Move between the lower side of the nozzle and the lower side of the second nozzle.
  • the method further comprises monitoring the pressure of the first melt within the first nozzle or adjacent the first nozzle; or monitoring the pressure of the second melt within the second nozzle or adjacent the second nozzle .
  • the pressure of the first melt within the first nozzle or the pressure of the second melt within the second nozzle remains approximately constant.
  • the method includes using a feedback system to control the pressure of the first melt or the second melt based on the monitored pressure.
  • the first melt or the second melt has a viscosity of about 100 Pa.s or greater.
  • the first starting material or the second starting material is non-wired.
  • any portion of the first sealing needle that contacts the first melt or any portion of the second sealing needle that contacts the second melt has no protrusions.
  • the temperature of the first melt within the first nozzle or the temperature of the second melt within the second nozzle remains approximately constant.
  • the method includes monitoring the temperature of the first melt or the temperature of the second melt.
  • the method includes using a feedback system to control the temperature of the first melt based on the monitored temperature of the first melt, or using a feedback system to control the second melt based on the monitored temperature of the second melt Body temperature.
  • the tapered end of the first sealing needle or the tapered end of the second sealing needle comprises a pointed end.
  • the tapered end of the first sealing needle or the tapered end of the second sealing needle is frustoconical.
  • the tapered inner surface of the first nozzle has a first taper angle and the tapered end of the first sealing needle has a second taper angle; wherein the second taper angle is equal to or less than a first taper angle; or a tapered inner surface of the second nozzle has a third taper angle and a tapered end of the second seal needle has a fourth taper angle; wherein the fourth taper angle and the fourth taper angle
  • the cone angle is equal to or smaller than the third cone angle.
  • the fourth cone angle is about 60° or less.
  • the second or fourth cone angle is about 45 or less.
  • the ratio of the first cone angle to the second cone angle or the ratio of the third cone angle to the fourth cone angle is from about 1:1 to about 4:1.
  • the first extrusion port or the second extrusion port has a diameter of from about 0.1 mm to about 1 mm.
  • the tapered end of the first sealing needle or the tapered end of the second sealing needle has a maximum diameter of from about 0.2 to about 3.0 mm.
  • the 3D printing method further includes driving a first nozzle of the first printing module to move relative to the platform module.
  • the 3D printing method further includes driving a first nozzle of the first printing module to move along a Z-axis of a Cartesian coordinate system relative to the platform module.
  • the 3D printing method further includes: driving a first deposition platform of the platform module to move relative to a first nozzle of the first printing module; wherein the first deposition platform is Disposed to receive the first melt extruded through the first nozzle.
  • the 3D printing method further includes driving the first deposition platform to move relative to the first nozzle along a Cartesian coordinate system X-axis and/or Y-axis.
  • the 3D printing method further includes collecting the final product formed on the platform module.
  • the 3D printing method further includes detecting product parameters of a final product formed on the platform module.
  • the 3D printing method further includes sorting the final product formed on the platform module.
  • the 3D printing method further includes conveying the first initial material to the charging module via an automatic feed module.
  • the first starting material comprises a thermoplastic material.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a printing module for a 3D printing apparatus comprising n ⁇ m nozzles forming an array arrangement (n and m are integers ⁇ 2, respectively), wherein the (x, y) The position of the nozzle is the xth column and the yth row (1 ⁇ x ⁇ n, 1 ⁇ y ⁇ m).
  • the printing module is configured to extrude m melts, wherein the (x, y)th nozzle is configured to extrude the yth melt.
  • the n x m nozzles are connected to n x m processing chambers, respectively.
  • the discharge rates of the n x m nozzles are each controlled by n x m melt extrusion discharge control devices.
  • the y-th row nozzles of the n x m nozzles are arranged to have substantially the same discharge rate.
  • a 3D printing method comprising: melting a material and pressurizing a material; flowing material passing through an extrusion nozzle, the nozzle including a tapered inner surface; The nozzle or the position close to the nozzle monitors the pressure of the material; the tapered end of the sealing needle engages the tapered inner surface of the nozzle, thereby closing the extrusion port to prevent the flow of molten material; and withdrawing the tapered end of the sealing needle to recover The flow of material through the extrusion port.
  • the method includes receiving an instruction to manufacture the product.
  • the 3D printing method further includes: melting and pressurizing the first material; flowing the first material through a first extrusion port of the first nozzle including the tapered inner surface; a tapered end of the sealing needle engages the tapered inner surface of the first nozzle to close the first extrusion port and prevent flow of the molten first material; to melt and pressurize the second material; from within the cone of the second nozzle The surface withdraws the tapered end of the second sealing needle to begin flowing the second material through the second extrusion port.
  • the method includes receiving an instruction to manufacture a product.
  • a method of producing a pharmaceutical dosage form by 3D printing comprising: melting and pressurizing a first pharmaceutical material; flowing a first pharmaceutical material through a first nozzle comprising a tapered inner surface An extrusion port; engaging a tapered end of the first sealing needle with the tapered inner surface of the first nozzle to seal the first extrusion port to prevent the flow of the molten first material; and melting and pressurizing the second pharmaceutical material; The tapered end of the second sealing needle is withdrawn from the tapered inner surface of the second nozzle such that the second pharmaceutical material flows through the second extrusion port.
  • the first pharmaceutical material or the second pharmaceutical material is an erodable material.
  • the first pharmaceutical material or the second pharmaceutical material comprises a drug.
  • the pharmaceutical dosage form has a specified drug release profile.
  • the method further comprises receiving a control instruction for making a pharmaceutical dosage form.
  • the product or pharmaceutical dosage form is manufactured in a batch mode. In some embodiments of the above methods, the product or pharmaceutical dosage form is manufactured in a continuous mode.
  • the invention also provides a product or pharmaceutical dosage form prepared according to any of the methods described above.
  • FIG. 1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 exemplarily shows a perspective view of a 3D printing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 exemplarily shows an arrangement of nozzles of a 3D printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention on a printing module.
  • FIG. 6 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A and 7B exemplarily illustrate models of a drug product that a 3D printing device can print according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 exemplarily shows a flowchart of a 3D printing method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9A exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9B exemplarily shows a perspective view of a 3D printing apparatus in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9C exemplarily shows an enlarged view of a printhead in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 9D exemplarily illustrates an exploded view of a component of a pneumatic actuator that seals a needle to control a sealing needle in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 exemplarily shows an enlarged view of a sealing needle and an extrusion port according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the 3D printing apparatus 100 includes a melt extrusion module 102, a printing module 103, and a platform module 104.
  • the melt extrusion module 102 performs extrusion heating on the received initial material to melt it into a melt, and transfers the melt to the printing module 103, and the printing module 103 follows a predetermined data model or The program extrudes the melt to a designated location on the platform module 104, by laminating the melt on the platform module 104, ultimately forming the desired printed 3D product.
  • the 3D printing apparatus may further include a charging module 101 having a hopper 111 for containing and transferring the initial material, the hopper 111 having a feed port 112 and a discharge port 113.
  • the feeding module 101 receives the initial material through the feed port 112 of the hopper 111 and discharges the initial material through the discharge port 113 to the melt extrusion module 102.
  • the initial material for the 3D printing apparatus 100 may be a powdery, granular material.
  • the hopper 111 is a funnel-shaped casing having a horn opening. In some embodiments, the initial material may also be filamentous.
  • a hopper discharge control device 114 is further disposed in the hopper 111, and the hopper discharge control device 114 controls the discharge speed of the initial material of the discharge port 113 of the hopper 111.
  • the hopper discharge control device 114 shown in the drawing is a single screw device which is disposed near the discharge port and coupled with a motor and a transmission (not shown) for driving the movement thereof, and is adjusted by a drive mechanism. The rotation speed of the screw device 114 can control the discharge speed of the initial material at the discharge port 113.
  • the hopper discharge control device 114 is a single screw device as shown, in some embodiments, the hopper discharge control device can be a twin screw device, or a combination of a twin screw device and a single screw device. In some embodiments, the hopper discharge control device 114 may also include a conventional mechanism that can control the initial material discharge rate of the discharge port 113. In some embodiments, the hopper discharge control device further includes a baffle or flap disposed at the discharge port 113 through which the discharge port 113 is controlled to discharge.
  • the hopper discharge control device 114 may also include a flow control valve disposed at the discharge port 113, such as a pneumatic flow control valve, an electromagnetic flow control valve, a hydraulic flow control valve, and the like.
  • a flow control valve disposed at the discharge port 113, such as a pneumatic flow control valve, an electromagnetic flow control valve, a hydraulic flow control valve, and the like.
  • the discharge rate of the initial material at the discharge port 113 is controlled by the flow control valve size.
  • the 3D printing device 100 may also include a second charging module 201.
  • the second charging module 201 is identical or similar in structure to the first charging module 101, and also includes a second hopper 211 having a feed port 212 and a discharge port 213, and also includes a hopper disposed in the hopper 211.
  • the discharge control device 214 is configured to control the discharge speed of the initial material of the discharge port 212.
  • the feeding module 201 can receive the second initial material different from the initial material received by the feeding module 101 through the feeding port 212 of the hopper 211, and discharge the molten material to the melt extrusion module 102 through the discharging port 213. Two initial materials.
  • the ratio of the initial material and the second initial material received by the melt extrusion module 102 can be controlled. , thereby ultimately controlling the ratio of the above-mentioned initial material to the second initial material in the printed product.
  • the melt extrusion module 102 includes a processing chamber 121, an extrusion device 122, and a processing chamber heating device 123.
  • the processing chamber 121 is a hollow housing having a feed port 124 and a discharge port 125.
  • the initial material discharged from the discharge port 113 enters the processing chamber 121 through the feed port 124.
  • a processing chamber heating device 123 is disposed on the peripheral wall of the processing chamber 121 for heating the material in the processing chamber 121.
  • the extrusion device 122 performs extrusion and/or shear work on the material in the processing chamber 121. Under the joint action of the processing chamber heating device 123 and the extrusion device 122, the initial material is melted into a melt and passed through the discharge port. 125 discharged.
  • the extrusion device 122 may be a twin screw device 122 disposed in the processing chamber 121 .
  • the twin screw device 122 is coupled to the drive motor 129 via a shifting device 128. Under the drive of the drive motor 129, the twin screw of the twin screw device 122 rotates and extrudes the material in the processing chamber 121 and drives the material to move toward the discharge port 125. At the same time, the internal heat generated by the twin-screw rotary extrusion of the twin-screw unit 122 heats the material in the processing chamber 121.
  • the extrusion device 122 as shown is a twin screw device, in some embodiments, the hopper discharge control device can also be a single screw device. In some embodiments, the extrusion device 122 can also be a conventional screwless extruder, such as a piston device or the like.
  • the processing chamber heating device 123 can be configured to segment the outer wall of the processing chamber 121 for segmented heating to achieve more precise heating temperature control.
  • the processing chamber heating device 123 is a conventional electric heating device, such as a thermocouple wound around the outside of the processing chamber 121. It can be understood that although the processing chamber heating device 123 as shown is disposed on the outer wall of the processing chamber 121, in some embodiments, the processing chamber heating device 123 may be disposed in the processing chamber 121, such as a setting. A heating rod or the like inside the processing chamber 121.
  • the melt extrusion module 102 also has a melt extrusion discharge control device 126 (not shown) that is configured to control the melt of the discharge port 125 of the processing chamber 121. Material speed. Similar to the structure of the hopper discharge control device 114 described above, the melt extrusion discharge control device 126 may be a flow control valve disposed at the discharge port 125, for example, a pneumatic flow control valve, a hydraulic flow control valve, an electromagnetic flow control valve, etc. Etc., the flow rate control valve controls the discharge rate of the melt at the discharge port 125. In some embodiments, the melt extrusion discharge control device 126 may also have a baffle or flap disposed at the discharge port 125 to control whether the melt is discharged at the discharge port 125.
  • the extrusion device 122 of the melt extrusion module 102 can also control the discharge rate of the melt at the discharge port 125 by controlling the extrusion power of the initial material and the melt in the extrusion processing chamber 121.
  • the discharge speed of the melt at the discharge port 125 can be controlled by controlling the rotational speed of the screw device 122.
  • the discharge rate of the discharge port 125 of the melt extrusion module 102 can also be adjusted by controlling the feed rate of the feed port 124, such as by increasing the feed port 124 thereof. The feed rate in turn increases the discharge rate of the discharge port 125.
  • the feed rate of the feed port 124 of the melt extrusion module 102 described above can be achieved by adjusting the discharge rate of the discharge port 113 of the feed module 101 as described above.
  • the 3D printing apparatus 100 further includes a return circuit 127 (not shown), one end of the return circuit 127 is in communication with the melt passage after the outlet of the discharge port 125 of the processing chamber 121, and the other end is The processing chamber 121 is in communication such that a portion of the melt is returned to the processing chamber 121.
  • the return circuit 127 is further provided with a flow control valve that regulates the amount and velocity of the melt flowing back to the processing chamber 121 through the return circuit 127.
  • the printing module 103 can include a cartridge 133 having a discharge opening and a feed opening, the cartridge 133 being formed of a hollow housing having a nozzle 131 disposed at a lower portion thereof.
  • the feed port of the cylinder 133 of the printing module 103 communicates with the discharge port 125 of the processing chamber 121.
  • the initial material is heated and melted into a melt, then transported into the cylinder 133, and finally extruded through the nozzle 131.
  • the printing module 103 shown in the figure has only a single nozzle 131, in some embodiments, the printing module 103 may include a plurality of nozzles, so that mass production can be realized, and the conventional general-purpose fused deposition molding 3D printing apparatus cannot be applied.
  • the printing module 103 further includes a printing module driving mechanism 132 (not shown), which may be a hydraulic cylinder, a stepping motor or other commonly used driving mechanism, and the printing module 103 is disposed on the driving mechanism 132 to drive the printing.
  • the nozzle 131 of the module 103 moves relative to the platform module 104.
  • the cartridge 133 of the printing module 103 can also be provided with a temperature regulating device 134 having the same or similar arrangement and arrangement as the processing chamber heating device 123 described above, and can be an electrical heating device that is segmented around the cartridge 133. .
  • the temperature adjustment device 134 may also be a heating rod disposed on the cartridge 133. It should be noted that the temperature adjustment device may also have a cooling function to lower the temperature of the melt at the printing module 103 when the temperature of the melt is too high. Temperature, such as a semiconductor heating and cooling sheet, and the like.
  • the temperature adjusting device 134 described above is preferably disposed at a position close to the nozzle 131, so that the temperature of the melt extruded from the nozzle 131 can be quickly and accurately controlled.
  • the cartridge 133 also includes a pressure regulating device 135 (not shown) for adjusting the pressure of the melt at the printing module 103.
  • the pressure regulating device may be a screw extrusion device as described above, specifically a single screw device, a twin screw device, or a combination thereof, the screw extrusion device being disposed in the barrel 133 through the speed of the screw
  • the extrusion power to the melt is controlled to control the pressure of the melt at the print module 103, particularly at the nozzle 131.
  • the pressure regulating device may also be a piston extrusion mechanism disposed in the barrel 133 to drive the piston movement by pneumatic or hydraulic control to control the printing module 103, especially the nozzle 131. The pressure of the melt at the location.
  • the platform module 104 includes a deposition platform 141 and a platform drive mechanism 142 that drives the movement of the deposition platform 141.
  • the deposition platform 141 may be a plate-like structure configured to receive a melt extruded through the nozzle 131 to be stacked on the deposition platform.
  • the platform module 104 may also include multiple deposition platforms to accommodate the mass production requirements for simultaneous high volume printing. The configuration between the plurality of deposition platforms will be described in detail below in conjunction with other figures.
  • the deposition platform 141 is disposed on a deposition platform drive mechanism 142 that can drive the deposition platform 141 to move relative to the nozzle 131.
  • the platform drive mechanism 142 can be a stepper motor based on a Cartesian coordinate system that can drive the deposition platform 141 to move along one or more of the X, Y, and Z axes.
  • the 3D printing device 100 further includes a print module drive mechanism for driving the nozzle 131 of the print module 103 to move relative to the platform module 104.
  • the platform drive mechanism 142 can be a transfer track. Along with the relative movement of the deposition platform 141 and the nozzle 131, the melt deposits on the deposition platform 141 into the final product of the various complex structures and configurations required.
  • the 3D printing device 100 further includes a cache module 107.
  • the buffer module 107 has a storage chamber 171 for storing a melt, and the storage chamber 171 has a feed port 172 and a discharge port 173, wherein the feed port 172 communicates with the discharge port of the processing chamber 121, and the discharge port 173
  • the print module 103 is in communication with the feed channel 135.
  • the melt extruded from the discharge port of the processing chamber 121 flows into the storage chamber 171 through the inlet port 172 for temporary storage, and flows into the printing module 103 through the discharge port 173 for printing.
  • the buffer module 107 further has a heating device 174 for heating the melt in the storage chamber 171, and the heating device 174 is disposed on the outer wall of the storage chamber 171.
  • the heating device 174 is a thermocouple that surrounds the storage chamber 171.
  • the heating device 174 may also be disposed in the storage chamber 171, such as a heating rod or the like disposed inside the storage chamber 171.
  • the outer wall of the storage chamber 171 is further provided with a thermal insulation sleeve for holding the molten body in the storage chamber.
  • the cache module 107 further includes a stock discharge control device 175 (not shown) for controlling the discharge rate of the melt of the discharge port 173 of the storage chamber 171.
  • the storage chamber discharge control device 175 may be a single screw device or a twin screw device disposed at a position close to the discharge port 173, or a combination thereof, or may be disposed at the discharge port 173.
  • Flow control valves such as pneumatic flow control valves, electromagnetic flow control valves, hydraulic flow control valves, and the like.
  • the discharge port 173 of the storage chamber 171 is further provided with a baffle or a flap for controlling whether the discharge port 173 is discharged.
  • FIG. 2 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the 3D printing apparatus 200 further includes a first charging module 301 and a second feeding module 401 disposed in parallel, and a first melt extrusion module 302 and a second melt extrusion module 402 disposed in parallel.
  • the structure of the above module is the same as that of the first charging module 101 and the first melt extrusion module 102 as described above.
  • the first charging module 301 and the second charging module 401 receive the initial materials, which are respectively heated and extruded into a melt by the first melt extrusion module 302 and the second melt extrusion module 402, and then discharged into the mixing module 308.
  • the 3D printing device 200 still further includes a mixing module 308.
  • the mixing module 308 includes a mixing chamber 381 having a feed port 382 and a discharge port 383, wherein the feed port 382 of the mixing chamber 381 is in communication with the first melt extrusion module 302 and the second melt extrusion module 402.
  • a mixing mechanism 386 (not shown) is provided in the mixing chamber 308 for mixing different melts from the first melt extrusion module 302 and the second melt extrusion module 402.
  • the mixing mechanism 386 is a mechanical agitation device, but in other embodiments, the mixing mechanism 386 can also be a pneumatic agitation mechanism.
  • the mixing module 308 also has a heating device 384 for heating and holding the melt in the mixing chamber 381.
  • the heating device 384 may be disposed on an outer wall of the mixing chamber 381.
  • heating device 384 is a thermocouple that surrounds mixing chamber 381.
  • the heating device 384 can also be disposed within the mixing chamber 381, such as a heating rod or the like disposed within the mixing chamber 381.
  • the mixing module 308 also includes a mixing chamber discharge control device 385 (not shown) for controlling the discharge rate of the melt of the discharge port 383 of the mixing chamber 381.
  • the mixing chamber discharge control device 385 can be a single screw device or a twin screw device disposed at a position near the discharge port 383, or a combination thereof, or disposed at the discharge port 383.
  • Flow control valves such as pneumatic flow control valves, electromagnetic flow control valves, hydraulic flow control valves, and the like.
  • the mixing chamber also has a baffle or flap disposed at the discharge port 383 for controlling whether the discharge port 383 is discharged.
  • the mixing module 308 can cause some of the initial materials that are not sufficiently mixed or not easily mixed in the solid state to be sufficiently mixed to form a uniform mixed melt, and the mixed melt discharged from the discharge port 383 enters the printing module 303 and The extruded layer of nozzles 331 is stacked on the platform module 304 to form a final product having mixed components.
  • FIG. 9A exemplarily shows a schematic view of a printing module and nozzle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus includes a cartridge 133 for melting and pressurizing the material.
  • the molten and pressurized material flows through a feed passage that is connected to the nozzle 131.
  • the pressure sensor 106 is located near the end of the nozzle and the feed channel and can detect the pressure of the material in the feed channel. Alternatively, the pressure sensor 106 can be designed to directly detect the pressure of the material within the nozzle 131.
  • the control switch 108 includes a linear actuator and a sealing needle that can control the sealing needle to switch between an open position and a closed position.
  • the linear actuator may be a mechanical actuator (which may include a lead screw), a hydraulic actuator, a pneumatic actuator (which may include a pneumatic valve), or an electromagnetic actuator (which may include a solenoid valve).
  • the actuator comprises a syringe, such as a pneumatic syringe.
  • the actuator includes a spring assisted cylinder.
  • the spring-assisted cylinder includes a spring that assists in sealing the needle action (ie, pulling the sealing needle from the open position to the closed position).
  • the spring-assisted cylinder includes a spring that assists in withdrawing the sealing needle (ie, pulling the sealing needle from the closed position to the open position).
  • the control switch 108 When the sealing needle is in the open position, the pressurized molten material can flow through the feed passage and through the extrusion port of the nozzle 131.
  • the control switch 108 When a signal is issued to the control switch 108, the control switch 108 lowers the sealing needle to the closed position and the end of the sealing needle engages the inner surface of the nozzle 131.
  • the material is a non-linear material such as a powder, granule, gel or paste.
  • the non-linear material is melted and pressurized so that it can be extruded through the extrusion port of the nozzle. Further described herein, the pressure of the particularly viscous material is finely controlled to ensure that the material can be deposited accurately and accurately.
  • the material may be heated and melted within the printing module using one or more heaters disposed within the printing module (eg, inside or around the cartridge, the feed channel, and/or the printhead).
  • the material has a melting temperature of about 50 ° C or higher, such as about 60 ° C or higher, about 70 ° C or higher, about 80 ° C or higher, about 100 ° C or higher, about 120 ° C. Or higher, about 150 ° C or higher, about 200 ° C or higher, or about 250 ° C or higher. In some embodiments, the material has a melting temperature of about 400 ° C or less, such as about 350 ° C or less, about 300 ° C or less, about 260 ° C or less, about 200 ° C or less, about 150 ° C. Or lower, about 100 ° C or lower, or about 80 ° C or lower.
  • the material extruded from the nozzle can be extruded at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the material.
  • the material is at about 50 ° C or higher, such as about 60 ° C or higher, about 70 ° C or higher, about 80 ° C or higher, about 100 ° C or higher, about 120 ° C or higher.
  • the material is at about 400 ° C or lower, such as about 350 ° C or lower, about 300 ° C or lower, about 260 ° C or lower, about 200 ° C or lower, about 150 ° C or lower.
  • the apparatus of the present invention can be used to accurately and accurately extrude viscous materials.
  • the material viscosity when extruded from the apparatus has a viscosity of about 100 Pa.s or greater, such as about 200 Pa.s or greater, about 300 Pa.s or greater, about 400 Pa.s or greater. It is about 500 Pa ⁇ s or more, about 750 Pa ⁇ s or more, or about 1000 Pa ⁇ s or more.
  • the viscosity of the material has a viscosity of about 2000 Pa.s or less, such as about 1000 Pa.s or less, about 750 Pa.s or less, about 500 Pa.s or less, about 400 Pa.s or less. It is about 300 Pa ⁇ s or lower, or about 200 Pa ⁇ s or lower.
  • the material is a pharmaceutical material. In some embodiments, the material is inert or biologically inert. In some embodiments, the material is an erodable material or a bioerodible material. In some embodiments, the material is an insoluble material or a non-biosoluble material. In some embodiments, the material is a pharmaceutical material. In some embodiments, the material comprises one or more thermoplastic materials, one or more non-thermoplastic materials, or a combination of one or more thermoplastic materials and one or more non-thermoplastic materials. In some embodiments, the material is a polymer or copolymer.
  • the material comprises a thermoplastic material.
  • the material is a thermoplastic material.
  • the material is or comprises an erodable thermoplastic material.
  • the thermoplastic material is edible (ie, suitable for individual digestion and absorption).
  • the thermoplastic material is selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic polymers, hydrophobic polymers, swollen polymers, non-swelling polymers, porous polymers, non-porous polymers, eroded polymers (eg, soluble polymers), pH Sensitive polymers, natural polymers, waxy materials and combinations thereof.
  • the thermoplastic material is a cellulose ether, a cellulose ester, an acrylic resin, an ethyl cellulose, a hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, a hydroxypropyl cellulose, a hydroxymethyl cellulose, a C12-C30 fatty acid.
  • the erodable material comprises a non-thermoplastic material.
  • the erodable material is a non-thermoplastic material.
  • the non-thermoplastic material is a non-thermoplastic starch, sodium starch glycolate (CMS-Na), sucrose, dextrin, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), mannitol, magnesium stearate (MS), powder Silica gel, glycerin, syrup, lecithin, soybean oil, tea oil, ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerin, tween, animal fat, silicone oil, cocoa butter, fatty acid glycerides, petrolatum, chitosan, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol , polymethacrylate, non-toxic polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, silicone rubber or a combination thereof.
  • Exemplary materials that may employ the apparatus of the present invention or employ the methods described herein include, but are not limited to, poly(meth)acrylate copolymers (e.g., containing one or more aminoalkyl methacrylic acids, Methacrylic acid, methacrylate and/or ammonium alkyl methacrylate, for example under the trade name Copolymer sold by RSPO) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC).
  • poly(meth)acrylate copolymers e.g., containing one or more aminoalkyl methacrylic acids, Methacrylic acid, methacrylate and/or ammonium alkyl methacrylate, for example under the trade name Copolymer sold by RSPO
  • HPC hydroxypropyl cellulose
  • the material comprises a drug. In some embodiments, the material is mixed with a drug.
  • the material can be pressurized using a pressure regulating device.
  • the material is preloaded into the cartridge and a pressure regulating device 135 (not shown) can apply pressure to the material preloaded within the cartridge 133.
  • the pressure regulating device can be a motor (eg, a stepper motor), a valve or any other suitable control device that can drive a mechanism such as a piston, a pressure screw or a compressed air (ie, a pneumatic controller) to the barrel
  • the material is applied with pressure.
  • the cartridge includes one or more heaters that can melt the material.
  • the heater is disposed within the cartridge.
  • the heater is disposed on or around the barrel.
  • the heater is an electric radiant heater, such as an electric heating tube or a heating coil.
  • the heater of the cartridge is preferably a high efficiency heater with high voltage and high power output.
  • the heater of the cartridge has a nominal voltage between 110V and 600V.
  • the heater of the cartridge has a nominal voltage from 210V to 240V.
  • the heater of the cartridge is a 220V heater.
  • the power of the heater of the cartridge is between about 30 W and about 100 W, such as between 40 W and 80 W, or about 60 W.
  • the heater is an electrical heating coil that surrounds the exterior of the barrel.
  • the cartridge is made of a heat resistant material such as stainless steel (e.g., 316L stainless steel).
  • the apparatus includes one or more temperature sensors located adjacent to or within the feed channel, the temperature sensor for measuring within the feed channel The temperature of the material.
  • the feed channel is relatively wide compared to the extrusion port of the nozzle.
  • the feed channel has a diameter between about 1 mm and about 15 mm, such as between about 1 mm and about 5 mm, between about 5 mm and about 10 mm, or between about 10 mm and about 15 mm. In an exemplary embodiment, the feed channel has a diameter of about 8 mm.
  • the printhead of the apparatus includes a nozzle 131 that includes an extrusion port through which molten material is extruded.
  • the extrusion port is located at the distal end of the nozzle relative to the feed channel. When the sealing needle is in the open position, molten material exits the extrusion port through the nozzle from the feed passage.
  • the nozzle includes a tapered inner surface that is adjacent the apex of the tapered inner surface.
  • the inner surface of the nozzle includes a liner or liner.
  • the liner or liner can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or any other suitable material.
  • the printhead includes one or more heaters that can be located within, around or adjacent to the nozzle of the printhead.
  • the one or more heaters are used to heat the material in the nozzle, which can reach the same temperature or a different temperature than the material in the cartridge or feed channel.
  • the nozzle heater is an electric radiant heater, such as an electric heating tube or a heating coil.
  • the heater can use a lower voltage and/or lower power than the cartridge heater or the feed channel heater.
  • the nozzle heater has a nominal voltage between 6V and 60V.
  • the nozzle heater is a 12V heater.
  • the power of the nozzle heater is between about 10 W and about 60 W, such as between 20 W and 45 W or about 30 W.
  • the device includes one or more temperature sensors.
  • the printhead includes one or more temperature sensors located near or inside the nozzle for measuring the temperature of the material within the nozzle.
  • the device includes a temperature sensor located within or adjacent to the tube, or a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature within the tube.
  • the device includes a temperature sensor located in or near the feed channel or for detecting temperature within the feed channel.
  • the device includes a temperature sensor located in or near the printhead or a temperature sensor for detecting temperature within the nozzle.
  • one or more temperature sensors are coupled to a computer system that controls one or more heaters based on temperatures reported by one or more temperature sensors.
  • the computer system can control one or more heaters to adjust the temperature of the cartridge, the feed channel, and/or the material within the nozzle.
  • the system operates as a closed loop feedback system to maintain an approximately constant temperature of the device or device components (ie, the cartridge, nozzle or feed channel). The temperatures of the materials within the different components of the device may be the same or different.
  • the feedback system is controlled using proportional integral derivative (PID) control, bang-bang control, predictive controller, fuzzy control system, expert control, or any other suitable algorithm.
  • PID proportional integral derivative
  • the device includes one or more pressure sensors 106 that can detect the pressure of the material within the device.
  • the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the material within the printhead or the feed channel adjacent the printhead.
  • the pressure sensor is placed in or adjacent to the printhead and adjacent the printhead.
  • the pressure sensor can operate with a pressure regulating device in a closed loop feedback system to provide an approximately constant pressure to the material in the device. For example, when the pressure sensor detects a pressure drop, the feedback system can signal the pressure regulating device to increase the pressure of the material (eg, by lowering the piston, increasing the air pressure in the barrel, rotating the pressure screw, etc.).
  • the feedback system can signal the pressure regulating device to reduce the pressure of the material (eg, by raising the piston, reducing the air pressure in the barrel, rotating the pressure screw, etc.) ).
  • the constant pressure ensures that the molten material in the device passes through the extrusion port of the nozzle at a constant rate when the sealing needle is in the open position.
  • a constant pressure increase e.g., by raising the piston, lowering the air pressure in the barrel, rotating the pressure screw, etc.
  • the feedback system including the pressure sensor and the pressure regulating device maintains an approximately constant pressure in the system when the sealing needle is re-switched from the open position to the closed position or from the closed position to the open position. This minimizes the "inclined rise" of the extrusion rate when the sealing needle is switched from the closed position to the open position because there is no need to increase the pressure of the material in the system.
  • the pressure sensor 106 is coupled to a computer system that controls the cartridge to pressurize the material to a particular pressure in response to the pressure reported by the pressure sensor 106.
  • the computer system can control the pressure regulating device to adjust the pressure value of the material applied within the cartridge.
  • the system acts as a closed loop feedback system to maintain an approximately constant pressure within the device.
  • the feedback system operates using proportional integral derivative (PID) control, bang-bang control, predictive control, fuzzy control, expert control, or any other suitable algorithm.
  • PID proportional integral derivative
  • the pressure sensor accuracy is within 0.005 MPa, within 0.008 MPa, within 0.05 MPa, within 0.1 MPa, within 0.2 MPa, within 0.5 MPa, or within 1 MPa.
  • the sampling time of the pressure sensor is about 20 ms or faster, such as about 10 ms or faster, about 5 ms or faster, or about 2 ms or faster.
  • the pressure of the material floats at a desired pressure of about 0.005 MPa, about 0.008 MPa, about 0.05 MPa, about 0.1 MPa, about 0.2 MPa, about 0.5 MPa, or about 1 MPa.
  • the device includes a control switch 108.
  • Control switch 108 can be controlled to block or allow molten material to flow from the extrusion port of the apparatus.
  • the control switch 108 includes a sealing needle that is switchable between an open position and a closed position, wherein material is prevented from flowing through the nozzle 131 when the sealing needle is in the closed position.
  • a sealing needle extends through at least a portion of the feed passage and includes a tapered end. The tapered end of the sealing needle engages the tapered inner surface of the nozzle 131 (e.g., at the extrusion port of the nozzle) when the sealing needle is in the closed position.
  • any portion of the sealing needle that contacts the material has no protrusions.
  • Protrusion refers to any portion of the sealing needle having a larger diameter than the sealing needle shaft, or any portion of the sealing needle extending axially outward.
  • the projections on the sealing needle push the molten material through the extrusion port when the sealing needle is closed.
  • the entire sealing needle (whether or not the sealing needle contacts the material) has no protrusions.
  • the portion of the sealing needle that does not contact the material includes one or more protrusions that can, for example, engage the components of the actuator or serve as a deep break to prevent the sealing needle from being driven too far within the feed chamber.
  • the portion of the sealing needle that contacts the material is relatively thin compared to the feed channel, which allows the molten material to flow around the sealing needle rather than being squeezed Out of the extrusion port.
  • the portion of the sealing needle that is in contact with the material has a maximum diameter of from about 0.2 mm to about 3.0 mm, such as from about 0.2 mm to about 0.5 mm, from about 0.5 mm to about 1.0 mm, from about 1.0 mm to about 1.5 mm. From about 1.5 mm to about 2.0 mm, from about 2.0 mm to about 2.5 mm or from about 2.5 mm to about 3.0 mm.
  • the sealing needle (including the portion of the sealing needle that contacts the material and the portion of the sealing needle that does not contact the material) has a maximum diameter of from about 0.2 mm to 3.0 mm, such as from about 0.2 mm to about 0.5 mm, about 0.5 mm.
  • a maximum diameter of from about 0.2 mm to 3.0 mm, such as from about 0.2 mm to about 0.5 mm, about 0.5 mm.
  • To about 1.0 mm from about 1.0 mm to about 1.5 mm, from about 1.5 mm to about 2.0 mm, from about 2.0 mm to about 2.5 mm or from about 2.5 mm to about 3.0 mm.
  • the sealing needle includes a pointed end at the tapered end, as shown in Figure 10A.
  • the tapered end of the tip is frustoconical as shown in Figure 10B.
  • Both the nozzle and the sealing needle comprise a tapered surface such that the tapered end of the sealing needle faces the tapered inner surface of the nozzle.
  • the "taper angle” herein refers to the angle of the apex of the joint surface. In the case of a frustoconical tip, “taper angle” refers to the apex of the extrapolated engagement surface.
  • the taper angle of the tapered end of the sealing needle is indicated by ⁇ in Figs. 10A and 10B. As shown in Fig.
  • the taper angle of the nozzle is represented by ⁇ .
  • the tapered end of the sealing needle has a taper angle of about 60° or less, such as about 50° or less, 45° or less, 40° or less, 35° or less, 30° or less, 25° or less, 20° or less, or 15° or less.
  • the taper angle ( ⁇ ) of the sealing needle is equal to or smaller than the taper angle ( ⁇ ) of the inner surface of the nozzle.
  • the ratio of the taper angle of the inner surface ( ⁇ ) of the nozzle to the taper angle ( ⁇ ) of the sealing needle is from about 1:1 to about 4:1, or from about 1:1 to about 3:1, or about 1:1 to about 2:1.
  • the sealing needle By lowering the sealing needle toward the extrusion port, the sealing needle is positioned in the closed position, at which point the sealing needle is aligned with the extrusion port.
  • the sealing needle When the sealing needle is in the open position, the compressed and molten material can flow through the extrusion port, but when the sealing needle is in the closed position, it is prevented from flowing, in which it engages the inner surface of the nozzle.
  • the taper angle ( ⁇ ) of the inner surface of the nozzle is larger than the taper angle ( ⁇ ) of the sealing needle, the tapered end of the sealing needle engages with the inner surface of the nozzle at the extrusion port.
  • the extrusion port has a diameter of about 0.1 mm or greater, such as about 0.15 mm or greater, about 0.25 mm or greater, about 0.5 mm or greater, 0.75 mm or greater. In some embodiments, the extrusion port has a diameter of about 1 mm or less, such as about 0.75 mm or less, about 0.5 mm or less, about 0.25 mm or less, about 0.15 mm or less.
  • the tapered needle end base is preferably sealed to limit the molten material as it is forced through the extrusion port as the sealing needle travels to the closed position.
  • the ratio of the largest diameter of the tapered end of the sealing needle (ie, the bottom of the cone) to the diameter of the extrusion port is from about 1:0.8 to about 1:0.1, such as from about 1:0.8 to about 1: 0.7, from about 1:0.7 to about 1:0.6, from about 1:0.6 to about 1:0.5, from about 1:0.5 to about 1:0.4, from about 1:0.4 to about 1:0.3, from about 1:0.3 to about 1: 0.2, or about 1:0.2 to about 1:0.1.
  • the sealing needle preferably comprises a strong and flexible material.
  • Exemplary materials include, but are not limited to, stainless steel, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and carbon fibers.
  • the inner surface of the nozzle includes a flexible liner or liner that limits damage to the needle or nozzle when the sealing needle is repeatedly switched in the open or closed position.
  • the liner or liner is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • the sealing needle of the control switch is controlled by an actuator that can position the sealing needle in the open position (ie, by lifting the sealing needle such that the tapered end of the sealing needle no longer engages the inner surface of the nozzle) or the closed position ( That is, the tapered end of the sealing needle is engaged with the inner surface of the nozzle by lowering the sealing needle.
  • the actuator is a pneumatic actuator that can be controlled using air pressure within the actuator.
  • the actuator is a mechanical actuator that can raise or lower the sealing needle by using one or more gears and motors.
  • the actuator comprises a solenoid valve or an electrostrictive polymer.
  • Figure 9B shows a cross-sectional view of an exemplary apparatus for depositing material by additive manufacturing in accordance with the present invention.
  • Material can be loaded into the barrel 902 and the piston 904 applies pressure to the material by pushing it into the barrel 902.
  • Piston 904 is coupled to the pressure regulating device by a guide arm 906.
  • the piston 904 is lowered by a motor such as a stepper motor to increase the pressure of the material in the barrel 902, or the piston is raised to reduce the pressure of the material.
  • the material in the barrel 902 can be heated to or above the melting temperature of the material using a heater in or around the barrel.
  • the molten material from the cartridge 902 flows through a feed passage 908 that is coupled to a printhead 910 that includes a nozzle 912.
  • Pressure sensor 914 is located at the end of feed channel 908 and is adjacent to printhead 910 and is used to detect the pressure of the material adjacent the printhead. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 914 is positioned to detect the pressure of the material within the printhead 910. Pressure sensor 914 can transmit the detected pressure to a computer system that can operate the pressure regulating device (or the motor of the pressure regulating device) to reposition piston 904 and control the pressure of the material within cartridge 902. This can be operated in a feedback system where the change in pressure is detected by pressure sensor 914 and the computer system further operates the pressure regulating device.
  • the device includes a control switch 916 that includes a sealing needle 918 and a linear actuator 920.
  • Sealing pin 918 includes an upper end 922 that engages actuator 920 and a tapered lower end 924. Sealing pin 918 extends through feed passage 908 into printhead 910.
  • Actuator 920 controls sealing needle 918 between an open position (raised) and a closed position (lower). When the sealing needle 918 is placed in the closed position, the tapered end 924 of the sealing needle 918 engages the tapered inner surface of the nozzle 912 to prevent molten material from flowing through the nozzle.
  • the actuator 920 controls the sealing needle 918 to position the sealing needle 918 in the open position by lifting the sealing needle 918, thereby separating the tapered lower end 924 from the inner surface of the nozzle 912.
  • FIG. 9C shows an enlarged view of the printhead 910 with the sealing needle 918 in the closed position and engaging the nozzle 912.
  • the tapered end 924 of the sealing needle 918 is inserted into the extrusion port 926 by being coupled to the tapered inner surface 912 of the nozzle.
  • the molten material in the feed passage 908 is thus prevented from flowing through the extrusion port 926.
  • the pressure of the material in or near the printhead 910 is detected by pressure sensor 914 and the pressure regulating device can be operated to prevent excessive pressure build up in the device when the sealing needle 918 is in the closed position.
  • Sealing pin 918 extends through feed passage 908 and into printhead 910.
  • the sealing needle 918 is carefully designed to prevent molten material in the feed passage 908 from being pushed out of the extrusion port 926.
  • the tapered end 924 of the sealing needle 918 allows the sealing needle 918 to pierce the molten material, allowing the molten material to flow upwardly and around the closed sealing needle 918 instead of being pushed down.
  • the pneumatic actuator 920 includes a solenoid valve for controlling the flow of gas into the air chamber 926, which can drive the center rod 928 attached to the upper end 922 of the sealing needle 918 up or down.
  • High pressure gas flows from below the partition 930 into the plenum 926 or removes gas from above the partition 930, thereby moving the partition 930 upward, thus positioning the sealing needle 918 in the open position. Removal of gas from below the separator 930 or application of high pressure gas over the separator 930 can cause the separator 930 to move downward, which positions the sealing needle 918 in the closed position.
  • Figure 9D shows an exploded view of the components of the pneumatic actuator connected to the sealing needle to control the sealing needle.
  • the partition 942 is located within the air chamber of the pneumatic actuator and is coupled to the center rod 974, such as by a threaded fit.
  • the center rod 974 is coupled to the adapter 976, such as by a threaded fit.
  • the adapter 976 is attached to the sealing needle 978, for example by a threaded fit or by a press fit.
  • the lower portion of the adapter 976 can include an opening, and the upper portion of the sealing needle 978 can be tightly fitted into the opening by inserting the sealing needle 978 into the opening of the adapter 976.
  • the sealing needle 978 passes through a washer 980 that is positioned by a retaining nut 982.
  • a retaining nut 982 and a washer are attached to the adapter block to connect with the rest of the device.
  • the transition block 932 is positioned above the feed channel 908 in alignment with the nozzle 912 of the printhead 910.
  • the transfer block channel 934 passes through the transfer block 932 into the feed channel.
  • a washer 936 is embedded in the opening in the top of the transition block 932 that is wider than the passage 934 to prevent the washer 936 from moving toward the printhead 910.
  • the gasket 936 can be made of an inert, pliable material, such as plastic or synthetic rubber, and seals the feed passage 908 to prevent leakage of molten material.
  • the gasket is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the retaining nut 938 is secured, such as by a threaded fit, to the adaptor block 932 and secures the position of the washer 936.
  • the washer 936 is in a fixed position relative to the printhead 910 and nozzle 912.
  • Sealing pin 918 passes through holes in retaining nut 938 and washer 936 to reach feed passage 908.
  • the aperture is sized to allow the needle to pass, and the movement can be controlled by the actuator 916, but not too much to cause leakage of molten material.
  • the print module includes one or more heaters for melting the material.
  • the heater can be placed in or around the drum containing the material, the feed channel and/or the printhead.
  • Fig. 13A shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a portion of the device
  • Fig. 13B shows a cross-sectional view at plane "A-A”
  • Fig. 13C shows a non-sectional view of the device.
  • the apparatus includes a heater 1302 that surrounds the barrel 1304 of the apparatus, which heater 1302 can heat and melt the material contained within the barrel 1304.
  • the heater 1302 can be, for example, a coil heater that surrounds the exterior of the cartridge 1304.
  • the heater is disposed within the cartridge.
  • one or more heaters can be placed adjacent to or within the feed channel 1308.
  • Figures 13B and 13C show two heaters 1310a and 1310b, each located on either side of the supply channel 1308 and adjacent to the supply channel 1308.
  • the heaters 1310a and/or 1310b cover the length of the feed channel 1308 or cover the sides of the feed channel 1308.
  • one or more heaters adjacent to the feed channel 1308 or within the feed channel 1308 are heating bars.
  • one or more heaters adjacent to the feed channel 1308 or within the feed channel 1308 are coils that surround the feed channel 1308. Heating one or more heaters within the feed channel 1308 ensures that the material remains molten and has a suitable viscosity at a given pressure to achieve the desired flow.
  • the printhead 1312 of the device includes one or more heaters 1314 that ensure that the material remains molten and has a suitable viscosity within the nozzle 1316.
  • the device includes one or more temperature sensors that can be located at one or more locations within the device and can detect the temperature of the material within the device, such as within a cartridge, within a feed channel, or printed Inside the head.
  • a first temperature sensor 1318 adjacent the feed channel 1308 and a second temperature sensor 1320 adjacent the printhead 1312 are included.
  • a temperature sensor 1318 adjacent the feed channel 1308 is on the side of the feed channel 1308 in the figure, but the temperature sensor 1318 is optionally located anywhere along the length of the feed channel 1308.
  • a temperature sensor 1318 and one or more heaters can be used as a closed loop feedback system for the material within the melt feed channel 1308, which ensures that the material within the feed channel maintains an approximately constant temperature .
  • temperature sensor 1318 can transmit the measured temperature to a computer system, and the computer system can operate one or more heaters 1310a and 1310b to ensure an approximately constant temperature.
  • Temperature sensor 1320 in printhead 1312 of the device can operate in conjunction with one or more heaters 1314 in the printhead in a closed loop feedback system to ensure an approximately constant temperature of the material within the printhead.
  • the feedback system can use a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, a bang-bang controller, a predictive controller, a fuzzy control system, an expert system controller, or any other suitable control algorithm.
  • PID proportional-integral-derivative
  • one or more heaters in the apparatus heat the material within the system to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the material. In some embodiments, one or more heaters heat the material to a temperature of about 60 ° C or higher, such as about 70 ° C or higher, 80 ° C or higher, 100 ° C or higher, 120 ° C or higher. , 150 ° C or higher, 200 ° C or higher, or 250 ° C or higher.
  • the one or more heaters heat the material to about 300 ° C or lower, such as about 260 ° C or lower, 200 ° C or lower, 150 ° C or lower, 100 ° C or lower, or 80 ° C or lower.
  • one or more heaters heat the material to different temperatures at different locations of the device.
  • the material is heated to a first temperature within the cartridge, a second temperature within the feed channel, and a third temperature within the printhead, each of which may be the same temperature or a different temperature.
  • a material can be heated to 140 ° C in the drum and feed channels, but can be heated to 160 ° C in the printhead.
  • the feedback control system enables high-precision temperature control.
  • the temperature is controlled within 0.1 ° C of the target temperature, within 0.2 ° C of the target temperature, within 0.5 ° C of the target temperature, or within 1 ° C of the target temperature.
  • Figure 11 shows another example of the device of the present invention.
  • Material is loaded into the cartridge 1102 of the printing module, and a pressure screw (or piston) 1104 can apply pressure to the material in the cartridge 1102.
  • a pressure controller 1106 eg, a stepper motor
  • the material in the cartridge 1102 can be heated by a heater 1114 that surrounds the cartridge.
  • the molten material from the barrel 1102 flows through the feed channel 1116 to the printhead 1118 including the nozzle 1120.
  • the apparatus can include a pressure sensor 1130 that is used to detect the pressure of the material in the cartridge 1102, channel 1116, and/or printhead 1118.
  • the pressure sensor 1130 can transmit the detected pressure to a computer system that can operate the pressure controller 1108 to reposition the pressure screw 1104 and control the pressure of the material within the cartridge 1102. This control can be operated in a feedback system where the change in pressure is detected by pressure sensor 1130 and the computer system further operates the pressure controller.
  • the device shown in Figure 11 includes a control switch that includes a sealing needle 1122 and an actuator 1124 along the same axis as the cartridge 1102. Sealing pin 1122 includes an upper end and a lower tapered end (not shown) that are coupled to actuator 1124.
  • the actuator 1124 controls the sealing needle 1122 between an open position (raised) and a closed position (lower).
  • Printhead 1118 may also include one or more heaters 1126 and temperature sensors 1128 that may operate in a feedback system.
  • the additive manufacturing system includes a plurality (eg, two or more, three or more, four or more, five or More, or six or more devices, including a printing module equipped with a control switch (including a sealing needle and a nozzle having a tapered end switchable in an open position and a closed position).
  • the materials in each individual unit can be the same or different.
  • the system includes two devices and two different materials (ie, a first material and a second material).
  • the system includes three devices and three different materials (ie, a first material, a second material, and a third material).
  • the system includes four devices and four different materials (i.e., a first material, a second material, a third material, and a fourth material). In some embodiments, the system includes five devices and five different materials (ie, a first material, a second material, a third material, a fourth material, and a fifth material). In some embodiments, the system includes six devices and six different materials (ie, a first material, a second material, a third material, a fourth material, a fifth material, and a sixth material). In some embodiments, the additive manufacturing system includes a first device loaded with a first material and a second device loaded with a second material, wherein the first material and the second material are different.
  • FIG. 12 shows a portion of an exemplary system that includes three printing modules, each having a different printhead 1202, 1204, and 1206.
  • the printing station 1208 is movable on the x, y, and z axes, with the product under the correct printhead, which can extrude the material to produce a product 1210 (e.g., a tablet).
  • FIG. 3 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the 3D printing device 300 also has a control module 505 that can be comprised of one or more PLC controllers, microcontrollers, or electronic computers and has a computerized user interface.
  • the control module 505 is in communication with the loading module 501, the melt extrusion module 502, the printing module 503, the platform module 504, the cache module 507, and the mixing module 508 of the 3D printing device 300, and controls the specific operation of each module according to the state parameters.
  • the above state parameters may be, but are not limited to, a digital model of the product, the melting point of the starting material, the pressure at the nozzle, the amount of product desired and the actual product obtained, and the composition, weight, moisture, and number of colonies of the desired product, and the like. These parameters may be implemented in a digital storage device of an electronic computer of the control module 505, or may be input and selected by a user through a computerized user interface.
  • the 3D printing device 300 further includes a plurality of detecting devices disposed in each of the above modules for real-time monitoring of some specific state parameters at the respective modules.
  • the specific state parameters can include the temperature, composition, pressure, weight, moisture, and shape of the melt.
  • the specific state parameter can also be the weight, shape, moisture of the initial material, the heating temperature thereto, and the like.
  • the particular state parameter can also be the composition, pressure, weight, moisture, shape, and the like of the printed product.
  • the detecting means included in the 3D printing apparatus 300 may also be a temperature sensor, a component sensor, a pressure sensor, a weight sensor, a moisture sensor, a shape sensor, and the like.
  • the component sensor may be a near-infrared spectroscopy analyzer, and the near-infrared spectroscopy analyzer has a probe that can be inserted into an object to be measured, and the near-infrared spectroscopy analyzer can acquire various substances in the substance.
  • the specific content of the components is mainly used for measuring a component of a fluid such as a melt, and in some embodiments, the near-infrared spectroscopy analyzer may further have a probe for measuring a component of a powdery substance, the probe It can be inserted into the starting material to determine the content of the powder, moisture and so on. Therefore, in some embodiments, the moisture sensor provided may also be a near infrared spectroscopy analyzer.
  • the detecting device of the 3D printing device 100 as shown in FIG. 1 may further include a camera or other imaging device, which may be configured to detect the feeding module 101 to detect its melt extrusion in real time.
  • the camera or imaging device may be disposed below the feeding module 101 or at the position of the discharge opening 113.
  • the camera or imaging device may also be configured to detect the printing module 103 or the platform module 104, specifically for the state parameters of the discharge condition of the real-time image detecting nozzle 131, such as the discharging speed and the continuous degree of discharge.
  • the above camera or imaging device may be disposed on the printing module 103 or the platform module 104 or disposed therebetween.
  • the position of the camera or the imaging device may be set to the alignment nozzle 131, and the nozzle 131 is further provided with a plane mirror, and the plane of the plane mirror is at an angle to the plane where the deposition platform 141 is located, thereby being capable of Light reflected on the deposition platform 141 is reflected toward the above-described camera or imaging device.
  • the placement of such a camera or imaging device can simultaneously satisfy the detection requirements of the above-described specific state parameters at the nozzle 131 and at the deposition platform 141.
  • a first temperature sensor in communication with the control module 505 is provided at the processing chamber of the melt extrusion module for measuring melting at the processing chamber of the melt extrusion module 502.
  • the temperature of the body is passed to the control module 505 to communicate a first temperature detection signal.
  • the control module 505 determines the temperature of the melt at the processing chamber of the melt extrusion module 502 based on the first temperature detection signal and determines if the temperature is in the first desired temperature range.
  • the melt temperature at the processing chamber of the melt extrusion module 502 should be slightly higher than the melting point of the initial material to ensure that the initial material in the processing chamber is sufficiently melted.
  • the first ideal temperature range has a specific correspondence with the structural structure of the product to be printed and the type of the original material. Whether the temperature of the melt of the melt extrusion module 502 is in a desired range directly determines the viscosity and adhesion properties of the melt during printing, thereby affecting the continuity and accuracy of 3D printing.
  • the control module 505 can determine the first desired temperature range based on the printed product or a status parameter input by the user through the user interface.
  • control module 505 can increase the placement of the melt extrusion module 502 when the first temperature detection signal indicates that the temperature of the melt at the processing chamber of the melt extrusion module 502 is below a first desired temperature range.
  • the heating power of the one or more processing chamber heating devices to the melt may also control the melt extrusion according to the first temperature detection signal. The extrusion power of module 502 is passed to adjust the temperature of the melt at the processing chamber of melt extrusion module 502.
  • control module 505 performs the reverse operation to stop one or more of the processes disposed at the melt extrusion module 502. Heating of the chamber heating device or reducing its heating power.
  • a second temperature sensor (not shown) is further disposed at the printing module 503 for measuring the temperature of the melt at the printing module and transmitting a second temperature detection signal to the control module 505.
  • the control module 505 controls the temperature of the melt temperature at the printing module 503 to a second desired temperature range based on the second temperature detection signal.
  • the melt temperature at the print module 503 has a significant effect on the molding accuracy and continuity of the final printed product, typically set above the melting point of the melt.
  • the second ideal temperature range is related to the structure and configuration of the product to be printed, the type of the original material, and the like, and the control module 505 can be input according to the printed product or the user through the user interface.
  • the status parameter is determined.
  • the control module 505 can increase the temperature adjustment device disposed at the printing module 503 (not shown in the figure) The heating power to the melt.
  • the arrangement and structure of the temperature adjustment device can be referred to the temperature adjustment device 134 of the print module of the above 3D printing device.
  • the control module 505 performs the reverse operation to stop the heating of the melt by the temperature adjustment device disposed in the printing module 503, or to decrease Its heating power.
  • the temperature of the melt at the printing module 503 can be lowered by the temperature adjustment device to maintain a state slightly above the melting point of the initial material for better product printing.
  • a third temperature sensor (not shown) is further disposed at the storage chamber of the buffer module 507 for measuring the temperature of the melt at the storage chamber thereof and transmitting the control module 505 to the control module 505.
  • Three temperature detection signals The control module 505 controls the temperature of the melt at the storage chamber of the cache module 507 to a third desired temperature range based on the third temperature detection signal.
  • the melt temperature in the storage chamber of the cache module 507 should be slightly above the melting point of the melt to maintain the molten state of the initial material in the chamber.
  • the third ideal temperature range is related to the structure and configuration of the product to be printed, the type of the original material, and the like, and the control module 505 can input according to the printed product or the user through the user interface.
  • the status parameter is determined.
  • the control module 505 can increase the storage chamber heating provided at the storage chamber of the buffer module 507.
  • the storage compartment heating device disposed at the storage compartment of the cache module 507 has the same structure as the corresponding components of the 3D printing apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the control module 505 performs the reverse operation to stop the heating device disposed at the storage chamber of the buffer module 507 against the melt. Heat, or reduce its heating power.
  • a fourth temperature sensor (not shown) is further disposed at the mixing chamber of the mixing module 508 for measuring the temperature of the melt at its mixing chamber and communicating to the control module 505 Four temperature detection signals.
  • the control module 505 controls the temperature of the melt temperature at the mixing chamber of the mixing module 508 to a fourth desired temperature range based on the fourth temperature detection signal.
  • the melt temperature within the mixing chamber of mixing module 508 should be slightly above the melting point of the melt to maintain the molten state of the melt in the chamber.
  • the fourth ideal temperature range is related to the structure and configuration of the product to be printed, the type of the original material, and the like, and the control module 505 can input according to the printed product or the user through the user interface.
  • the status parameter is determined.
  • the control module 505 can increase the mixing chamber heating disposed at the mixing chamber of the mixing module 508 when the fourth temperature detection signal indicates that the temperature of the melt at the mixing chamber is below a fourth desired range.
  • the heating power of the melt by the device (not shown).
  • the mixing chamber heating device disposed at the mixing chamber of the mixing module 508 is identical in construction to the corresponding components of the 3D printing device illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the control module 505 performs the reverse operation to stop the heating device disposed at the mixing chamber of the mixing module 508 to the melt. Heat, or reduce its heating power.
  • a first pressure sensor in communication with the control module 505 is disposed at the printing module 503 for measuring the pressure of the melt at the printing module 503, and A first pressure detection signal is communicated to control module 505.
  • the control module 505 controls the pressure of the melt at the printing module 503 within a first desired pressure range based on the first pressure detection signal.
  • the pressure of the melt extruded at the printing module of the 3D printing device, and whether the pressure value is stable, directly affects the continuity and accuracy of 3D printing.
  • the first ideal pressure range is related to the structure and configuration of the product to be printed, the type of the original material, and the like, and the control module 505 can be based on the printed product or the state input by the user through the user interface. The parameters are determined.
  • the print module 503 has a cartridge and a nozzle disposed below the cartridge, wherein the first pressure sensor is disposed inside the cartridge of the printing module 503 for testing the pressure of the melt within the cartridge.
  • the first pressure sensor is disposed at the nozzle of the printing module 503 to accurately measure the pressure of the melt extruded by the nozzle of the printing module.
  • the first pressure sensor is a piezoelectric pressure sensor, a diffused silicon pressure sensor or a strain gauge pressure sensor, or the like. In some embodiments, the first pressure sensor is a float type liquid level gauge disposed in the cartridge to determine the pressure of the current melt within the cartridge by determining the level of the melt in the cartridge.
  • the control module 505 when the pressure of the melt at the nozzle of the printing module 503 represented by the first pressure detecting signal or somewhere in the cartridge is lower than the first ideal pressure range, the control module 505 can set the 3D printing through the above setting.
  • the pressure regulating device of apparatus 100 increases the pressure of the melt at the nozzle of the printing module 503 or within the cartridge.
  • the control module 505 performs an opposite operation, which can lower the nozzle of the printing module 503 by the pressure adjusting device 135 disposed at 100 Or the pressure of the melt in the barrel.
  • the 3D printing apparatus 300 further includes a feed module 701 for receiving the initial material and transferring it to the melt extrusion module 502.
  • the initial material received by the feeding module 501 and the feeding module 701 may be different.
  • the feeding module 501 receives the first initial material
  • the feeding module 701 receives the second initial material.
  • a melt extrusion module 502 is used to extrude and heat the mixed first initial material and second initial material.
  • Any one of the 3D printing devices 300 is provided with a first component detector (not shown) communicatively coupled to the control module 505, such as a mixing chamber disposed in the storage chamber of the buffer module 507 and the mixing module 508. , the printing module 503, and the communication channel between the modules.
  • the first component detector is configured to detect a composition ratio of the first initial material and the second initial material in the melt at any position of the 3D printing apparatus 300, and deliver a first component detection signal to the control module 505.
  • the first component detection signal can be a near infrared spectroscopy analyzer as previously described.
  • the control module 505 determines the composition of the melt at any position of the 3D printing apparatus 300 based on the first component detection signal and determines whether the component is in the first ideal component range.
  • the composition of the melt of the 3D printing device will affect the physical and chemical properties of the final product such as structural strength, disintegration rate, etc. In the case of 3D drug printing, the composition of the melt may affect the release rate of the pharmaceutically active ingredient of the final product.
  • the first ideal component range is related to the physicochemical properties, strength requirements, structure, configuration, and type of raw materials of the product to be printed, and the control module 505 can be based on the printed product, or The user determines the status parameter entered through the user interface.
  • the control module 505 can control the discharge of the hopper provided to the feeding module 501 and the feeding module 701.
  • the control device reduces the discharge speed of the first initial material or increases the discharge speed of the second initial material.
  • the specific structure of the above-described hopper discharge control device is the same as that of the corresponding components of the 3D printing device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 as described above.
  • the control module 505 performs the reverse operation, which can increase the number by controlling the hopper discharge control device provided to the feeding module 501 and the feeding module 701. The exit velocity of an initial material or the discharge velocity of the second initial material.
  • the 3D printing apparatus 300 further includes a charging module 601 and a melt extrusion module 602 for receiving the initial material and transferring it to the melt extrusion module 602.
  • the initial material received by the charging module 601 can be different from the feeding module 501 and the feeding module 701.
  • the melt extruded from the melt extrusion module 502 and the melt extrusion module 602 may be different, such as a first melt and a second melt, respectively. As shown, the first melt and the second melt are introduced into mixing module 508 for mixing.
  • the 3D printing apparatus 300 is provided at any place after the discharge port of the mixing chamber of the mixing module 508 with a second component detector (not shown) communicatively coupled to the control module 505 for detecting the slave
  • the ratio of the composition of the first melt and the second melt and the components contained therein in the mixed melt extruded from the discharge port of the mixing chamber, and the second component detection signal is transmitted to the control module 505.
  • the control module 505 determines the composition of the melt after the discharge port of the processing chamber of the melt extrusion module 502 based on the second component detection signal and determines whether the component is in the second desired component range.
  • the second ideal component range is related to the physical and chemical properties, strength requirements, structure, configuration, and type of raw materials of the product to be printed, and the control module 505 can be printed according to The product, or the status parameter entered by the user through the user interface.
  • the control module 505 can control the placement of the melt extrusion module. 502 and a melt extrusion discharge control device of the melt extrusion module 602 to reduce the discharge rate of the first melt or to increase the discharge rate of the second melt.
  • the specific structure of the above-described melt extrusion discharge control device is the same as that of the corresponding components of the 3D printing device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 as described above.
  • control module 505 When the first melt or a component thereof contains a low proportion, the control module 505 performs the reverse operation to control the melt extrusion control device of the melt extrusion module 502 and the melt extrusion module 602 to increase The discharge rate of the first melt or the discharge rate of the second initial material.
  • the 3D printing apparatus 300 has a cache module 507 having a storage chamber for storing a melt extruded from a discharge port of the melt extrusion module 502.
  • a first volume sensor (not shown) is provided at the storage chamber of the cache module 507, which is configured to detect the remaining volume in the storage chamber of the cache module 507 and to communicate a first volume detection signal to the control module 505.
  • the control module 505 determines that the material in the storage chamber is too much or too small according to the first volume detection signal, thereby avoiding the occurrence of excess melt or the like in the storage chamber, thereby affecting the melt pressure in the 3D printing apparatus 300.
  • the first volume sensor may be a flow meter respectively disposed at the feed port and the discharge port of the storage chamber of the buffer module 507, and the remaining volume in the storage chamber is determined by separately calculating the flow rates of the inflow and the outflow.
  • the flow meter can be a differential pressure, rotor or positive displacement flow meter.
  • the control module 505 can reduce the discharge speed of the corresponding discharge port by controlling one or more discharge control devices provided to the 3D printing device 300.
  • the one or more discharge control devices disposed in the 3D printing apparatus 300 include, but are not limited to, a hopper discharge control device of the charging module 501, and a melt extrusion discharge control device of the melt extrusion module 502.
  • the specific structure of the above-described discharge control device is the same as that of the corresponding components of the 3D printing device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 as described above.
  • FIG. 4 exemplarily shows a perspective view of a 3D printing apparatus in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the printing module 703 of the 3D printing apparatus 400 includes a plurality of nozzles 731, and a plurality of nozzles 731 are arranged in an array, wherein each nozzle 731 is discharged to the processing chamber, the mixing chamber, or the storage chamber.
  • the distance between the ports is equal, which ensures that the pressure of each nozzle is equal during the printing process, which is suitable for mass production.
  • the plurality of nozzles may also be arranged in other manners in which the distances of the communication paths to the discharge ports of the processing chamber, the mixing chamber or the storage chamber are equal, such as a circular shape, a fan-shaped arrangement, or the like.
  • the plurality of nozzles 731 of the above-described 3D printing apparatus 400 have the same inner diameter of 0.05 to 2 mm, and the constituent materials thereof may be steel, brass, aluminum alloy or the like. In some embodiments, the inner diameter of each nozzle of the above-described 3D printing apparatus 400 is preferably 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5 mm.
  • the print module 703 is in communication with a processing chamber, a mixing chamber, or a storage chamber via a hose (not shown).
  • all of the interconnected modules of the 3D printing device are connected by a hose, and the molten body flows from the processing chamber of the melt extrusion module into the storage chamber of the cache module and the mixing module through the hose. Mix the chamber or the nozzle of the print module.
  • the hoses that communicate with the various modules described above have an inner diameter of from 1 to 100 millimeters. In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the hose connecting the various modules described above is preferably 4 mm.
  • FIG. 5 exemplarily illustrates an arrangement of nozzles of a 3D printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention on a printing module.
  • each hose is connected to the printing module 703 and then passed through four nozzles 714, wherein the four nozzles 714 are equally distributed on the same circumference.
  • Such a design allows the nozzle to be sprayed onto the platform module to form a final product that can be placed horizontally and vertically for subsequent packaging and cutting processes.
  • the 3D printing device 400 further includes a platform module 704 that includes a plurality of deposition platforms 741, 742, 743, etc., the plurality of deposition platforms being disposed on the platform drive mechanism 745.
  • the plurality of deposition platforms 741, 742, and 743 are sequentially disposed in the form of track connections to the track drive mechanism 746, and the track drive mechanism 746 is disposed on the horizontal drive mechanism 747 and can be integrated along with the horizontal drive mechanism 747. Horizontal movement.
  • the crawler drive mechanism 746 and the horizontal drive mechanism 747 together form a platform drive mechanism 745, wherein the crawler drive mechanism 746 can drive the deposition platforms 741, 742, 743 along the Cartesian coordinate system as shown by the motor.
  • the horizontal drive mechanism 747 is a stepper motor that can drive the deposition platforms 741, 742, and 743 to move in the X-axis direction of the Cartesian coordinate system as shown.
  • the 3D printing device 400 also includes a print module drive mechanism 735, which is a stepper motor as shown, which can drive the nozzle 731 of the print module 703 as shown along the Descartes as shown The Z-axis motion of the coordinate system.
  • the structure of the above printing module driving mechanism and the platform driving mechanism may be any combination of the movement of the nozzle 731 relative to the deposition platform along the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis of the Cartesian coordinate system, such as in some embodiments.
  • the nozzle of the print module drive mechanism print module moves along the Cartesian coordinate system X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, and the platform module 704 remains stationary during printing of the product.
  • the print module driving mechanism 735 and the horizontal driving mechanism 747 as shown in the figure are stepping motors, they may be other transmission mechanisms such as hydraulic piston cylinders and the like.
  • the 3D printing device 400 can also include a product collection module (not shown) that is configured to collect the final products formed on the deposition platforms 741, 742, and 743.
  • the product collection module described above can be a squeegee or robot for transporting the final product formed on deposition platforms 741, 742, and 743 to a designated platform or conveyor for packaging.
  • the product collection module has a package laying and heat sealing function, and a lower layer package is laid on the platform module in advance, and the product is directly printed on the package, and after the final printing of the product is completed, the product collection module will The upper package directly covers the final product, and the pressurized thermoplastic seal completes the packaging, and the package may be aluminum foil, plastic film or the like.
  • the 3D printing device 400 also has an automatic feed mechanism (not shown) that is in direct communication with the feed port of the feed module and delivers the initial charge to the feed port.
  • the automatic feeding mechanism may be a belt conveyor, a buried scraper conveyor, a vibrating conveyor, a screw conveyor, or the like.
  • the automatic feeding mechanism may be provided with a piezoelectric sensor for measuring the weight of the delivered initial material and controlling the quantitative transfer of the initial material based on the measurement.
  • the control module of the 3D printing device 400 can control the transmission speed of various initial materials according to the state parameters of the device or the instructions input by the user through the user interface, thereby improving production efficiency.
  • the 3D printing device 400 further includes a verification module (not shown) that is configured to detect product parameters of the final product on the platform module.
  • the product parameters of the above final product include, but are not limited to, the number of products and the components, weight, moisture and colonies of the desired product.
  • the inspection module is communicatively connected with the control module, and transmits the detected product parameters to the control module, and the control module determines whether the above product parameters conform to the final according to the preset product requirements or the instructions input by the user through the user interface. Product requirements, and based on the judgment results to determine whether the product is qualified, and implement corresponding measures to correct the failure of equipment operation.
  • the verification module can include a near infrared spectroscopy analyzer as described above to verify that the components of the final product are acceptable.
  • the inspection module may further include a camera for imaging or optically detecting the final formed product, and comparing the control module with the standard requirements to verify whether the size and shape of the final product formed on the deposition platforms 741, 742, and 743 are consistent. standard.
  • the above-described near-infrared spectrum analyzer can also function as a moisture sensor.
  • the inspection module described above may also include a piezoelectric sensor to measure the weight of the final product.
  • the measured product parameters may be transmitted to the control module, and the control module may adjust the operation of the automatic 3D printing device 400 based on the parameter.
  • the specific adjustment manner may refer to the control module as described above and the above modules disposed in the 3D printing device 400.
  • the adjusting device corresponding to the detecting device of the state parameter includes, but is not limited to, the above various heating devices and discharging control devices.
  • the 3D printing device 400 further includes an automated screening module configured to sort the final products formed on the deposition platforms 741, 742, and 743.
  • the automatic screening module described above has a high-precision weighing sensor, such as a piezoelectric sensor, that delivers the product to a different location based on the weight of the final product formed on the automated screening module, such as entering a product that does not meet the weight requirements. To the waste department.
  • a 3D printing method comprising: a step of melting and pressing a material; an extrusion port for flowing a material through a nozzle including a tapered inner surface; and a monitoring nozzle The pressure of the material in or near the nozzle; the tapered end of the sealing needle engages the tapered inner surface of the nozzle, thereby closing the extrusion port and preventing the flow of molten material; and withdrawing the tapered end of the sealing needle to recover the material The flow through the extrusion port.
  • the method is performed using a device as described herein.
  • the apparatus includes a plurality of cartridges, wherein each cartridge is configured with a control switch.
  • the method can include printing a first material from a first cartridge and printing a second material from a second cartridge, wherein when the second material is printed from the second cartridge, the sealing needle of the first cartridge is in a closed position, and When the first material is printed from the first cartridge, the sealing needle of the second supply system is in the closed position.
  • the method is performed in a batch processing mode.
  • the device or system is controlled to operate in a batch mode.
  • batch mode refers to the mode of operation in which a predetermined quantity of product, such as a pharmaceutical dosage form, is made.
  • the method is performed in a continuous mode of operation.
  • the device or system operates in a continuous mode.
  • continuous mode refers to an operational mode in which a device or system is operated for a predetermined period of time or until a predetermined amount of single or multiple materials has been used.
  • the 3D printing method includes: melting and pressurizing the first material; flowing the first material through a first extrusion port of the first nozzle including the tapered inner surface; causing the first sealing needle The tapered end engages the tapered inner surface of the first nozzle to close the first extrusion port and prevent flow of the molten first material; melt and pressurize the second material; and taper from the second nozzle The surface withdraws the tapered end of the second sealing needle to begin flowing the second material through the second extrusion port.
  • the method includes, for example, receiving an instruction to manufacture a product from a computer system.
  • the method of making a pharmaceutical dosage form (eg, a tablet) using the 3D printing method includes the steps of: melting and pressurizing the medicinal material; monitoring the pressure of the material in or near the nozzle; flowing the material through An extrusion port of the nozzle including the tapered inner surface; engaging the tapered end of the sealing needle with the tapered inner surface of the nozzle to close the extrusion port and prevent the flow of the molten material; and withdrawing the tapered end of the sealing needle, thereby Restore the flow of material through the extrusion port.
  • the pharmaceutical material comprises a drug.
  • the method is performed using a device as described herein.
  • the apparatus includes a plurality of cartridges, wherein each cartridge is configured with a control switch.
  • the method can include printing a first material from a first cartridge and printing a second material from a second cartridge, wherein when the second material is printed from the second cartridge, the sealing needle of the first cartridge is in a closed position, and When the first material is printed from the first cartridge, the sealing needle of the second feeding module is in the closed position.
  • the method further includes monitoring a pressure of the first material in the first nozzle or adjacent the first nozzle; or monitoring a pressure of the second material in the vicinity of the second nozzle or the second nozzle.
  • the method of making a pharmaceutical dosage form using the 3D printing method comprises melting and pressurizing a first pharmaceutical material; flowing a first pharmaceutical material through a first extrusion of a first nozzle comprising a tapered inner surface An outlet; engaging a tapered end of the first sealing needle with the tapered inner surface of the first nozzle to seal the first extrusion port and prevent flow of the molten first material; melting and pressurizing the second pharmaceutical material; And withdrawing the tapered end of the second sealing needle from the tapered inner surface of the second nozzle, thereby flowing the second pharmaceutical material through the second extrusion port.
  • the first pharmaceutical material or the second pharmaceutical material is aerobic material.
  • the first pharmaceutical material or the second pharmaceutical material comprises a drug.
  • the method further includes receiving an instruction to manufacture a pharmaceutical dosage form, for example, from a computer system. In some embodiments, the method further includes monitoring a pressure of the first material in the first nozzle or adjacent the first nozzle; or monitoring a pressure of the second material in the vicinity of the second nozzle or the second nozzle.
  • FIG. 6 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7A and 7B exemplarily illustrate models of a drug product that a 3D printing device can print according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the 3D printing apparatus 600 includes a plurality of melt extrusion modules 961, 962, 963, 964, 965, and 966 and a plurality of nozzles 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, and 956.
  • the 3D printing device 600 also includes a plurality of deposition platforms 941, 942, 943, 944, 945, and 946.
  • the structure and functional arrangement of the above plurality of deposition platforms can also be referred to the deposition platform as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the melt extruded from the plurality of melt extrusion modules of the 3D printing apparatus 600 is deposited on the plurality of deposition platforms, and the deposition platforms 941, 942, 943, 944, 945, and 946 can be driven one by one through the plurality of nozzles 951.
  • 952, 953, 954, 955, and 956 receive the melt and operate in a cycle with respect to the plurality of nozzles as a whole.
  • the plurality of deposition platforms may also reciprocate between one or more of the plurality of nozzles, as will be described in more detail in connection with Figures 7A and 7B.
  • the 3D printing apparatus 600 shown in FIG. 6 includes a plurality of nozzles 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, and 956, wherein the nozzles 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, and 956 may be a single nozzle, or may be A combination of a plurality of nozzles that are arranged in a certain order.
  • the 3D printing device 600 can have a plurality of printing modules corresponding to the plurality of nozzles 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, and 956, respectively.
  • the melt extrusion modules 961, 962, 963, 964, 965, and 966 of the 3D printing apparatus 600 shown in FIG. 6 and the plurality of nozzles 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, and 956 There may also be one or more hybrid modules or cache modules. The arrangement and structure of the hybrid modules or cache modules may be as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Figure 7A illustrates a model of a drug 990 that a 3D printing device can print in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the drug 990 includes a drug housing 992 and a drug core 993. Wherein 992 can be a drug coating formed by an enteric, gastric-soluble material, and core portion 993 is a pharmaceutically active ingredient.
  • Figure 7B illustrates a model of a drug 991 that can be printed by a 3D printing device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the drug 991 includes drug shells 994 and 995 and drug cores 996 and 997. Wherein the shells 994 and 995 may be drug coatings having different dissolution and release characteristics formed by enteric, gastric-soluble materials, and the core portions 996 and 997 may be different pharmaceutically active ingredients.
  • the control module In the process of printing the above-mentioned drugs, the control module first reads the drug digital model as shown in Figs. 7A and 7B and the state parameters of the components, moisture, weight, and the like of the drug, and the requirements of the final product parameters. The control module then controls the aforementioned automatic feed mechanism to feed the melt extrusion module through the feed module.
  • the melt extrusion module 961 receives the starting material of the enteric material, extrudes it into a melt, and extrudes it from the nozzle 951.
  • the melt extrusion module 962 is for receiving the raw material of the above pharmaceutically active ingredient, extruding it into a molten body, and then extruding it from the nozzle of the nozzle 952.
  • the platform drive mechanism drives the deposition platform 941 to move below the nozzle 951, and through the relative movement between the nozzle and the deposition platform 941, the lower half of the concave portion of the drug casing 992 is finally deposited on the deposition platform 941, and then
  • the re-driving deposition platform 941 is moved below the nozzle 952, and by its relative movement between the nozzle and the deposition platform 941, layered deposition on the deposition platform 941 finally forms a drug core 993 in the concave lower half of the drug casing 992. .
  • the deposition platform 941 is driven back below the nozzle 951, and the upper half of the drug casing 992 is finally deposited on the deposition platform 941 by the relative movement between the nozzle and the deposition platform 941, and finally formed as shown in FIG. 7A.
  • the melt extrusion module 963 as shown in FIG. 6 can have the same raw material as the melt extrusion module 961, which is extruded from the nozzle 953 after it is extruded and heated into a melt. Therefore, after the printing of the drug core 993 is completed, the deposition platform 941 can be moved below the nozzle 953 to complete the printing of the drug model as shown in FIG. 7A.
  • the plurality of deposition platforms 941, 942, 943, 944, 945 and 946 can sequentially pass under the nozzles 951, 952 and 953 in order to complete the printing of the drug model shown in FIG. 7A in a pipeline manner.
  • This setting can effectively improve the efficiency of printing drugs and meet the needs of mass production.
  • the deposition platform 941 may also reciprocate between the nozzles 951 and 952 to complete the printing of the drug model as shown in FIG. 7A.
  • the deposition platform 942 may also be in the nozzle 952 and Reciprocating motion between 953 to complete the printing of the drug model shown in Fig. 7A.
  • the drug model as shown in FIG. 7A can also be strictly layered.
  • the 3D printing apparatus 600 can layer the drug model shown in FIG. 7A from top to bottom and drive the deposition platform 941 to move under the nozzle 951 through the platform driving mechanism, through the relative relationship between the nozzle and the deposition platform 941. Movement, layered deposition on the deposition platform 941 ultimately results in a single layered portion comprising only the drug shell 992.
  • the 3D printing device 600 is driven by the platform drive mechanism to drive the deposition platform 941 to reciprocate below the nozzle 951 and below the nozzle 952 through the nozzle
  • the relative motion with the deposition platform 941, layered on the deposition platform 941, ultimately forms a single layer comprising both the drug shell 992 and the drug core 993.
  • the drug model shown in Fig. 7B is printed in a manner similar to that shown in Fig. 7A, and the concave lower half of the drug casings 994 and 995 can be printed first, followed by printing the drug core portions of the cores 996 and 997, and finally printing the drug.
  • the drug model shown in Figure 7B can also be layered for printing in strict accordance with the layering.
  • a drug model comprising a plurality of different component portions can be printed by a plurality of different melt extrusion modules and/or printing modules.
  • the drug model shown in FIG. 7B may be composed of an enteric material, the core 997 is a pharmaceutically active ingredient that needs to be released in the intestine, and the drug model 995 may be composed of a stomach-soluble material, and the core 996 is a drug that needs to be released in the stomach.
  • the active ingredient therefore, the drug model shown in FIG. 7B can achieve different efficiency release of different organs.
  • various special structures as shown in FIG. 7B can be printed efficiently, quickly and in batches. And the required pharmaceutical products.
  • the 3D printing device disclosed by the invention also meets the requirements for continuous production of drugs (CMP).
  • CMP continuous production of drugs
  • the 3D printing device can or product parameters can monitor the printed drugs in real time.
  • FIG. 8 exemplarily shows a flowchart of a 3D printing method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention also discloses a 3D printing method for printing a product using the 3D printing device disclosed in the present invention.
  • the 3D printing method will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, and the specific functions in the specific steps of the method are Implementation, reference may be made to the specific components and functional settings in the embodiment of the 3D printing device of the present invention as described above.
  • the above 3D printing method includes first adding a first starting material to the processing chamber 121 of the melt extrusion module 102 of the 3D printing apparatus 100. Subsequently, the first initial material in the processing chamber 121 is heated and extruded to convert it into a first melt, and the first melt is discharged from the processing chamber 121. 125 extrusion. The first melt that then directs the discharge opening 125 of the processing chamber 121 is extruded through the nozzle 131 of the printing module 103 and deposited onto the platform module 104.
  • the 3D printing method described above further includes adding a first initial material to the melt extrusion module 102 through a hopper of the charging module 101.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes detecting a pressure of the first melt at the printing module 103 and controlling a pressure of the first melt at the printing module 103 according to the detected pressure.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes detecting a temperature of the first mixed melt at the printing module 103; and adjusting a temperature of the first mixed melt at the printing module 103 according to the detected temperature.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes detecting a temperature of the first melt at the processing chamber 121; and controlling a first melt in the processing chamber 121 according to the detected temperature. Heating power and/or extrusion power to the first melt.
  • the step of guiding the first melt of the discharge port of the processing chamber 121 through the nozzle 131 of the printing module 103 and depositing it onto the platform module 104 specifically includes: guiding the processing chamber 121.
  • the first melt of the discharge port 125 enters the storage chamber 171 of the buffer module 107; the first melt that guides the discharge port of the storage chamber 171 is extruded through the nozzle 131 of the printing module 103 and deposited onto the platform module 104.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes detecting a temperature of the first melt at the storage chamber 171; and controlling the first melt in the storage chamber 171 according to the detected temperature. heating power.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes detecting the remaining volume of the storage chamber 171; and controlling the discharge of the first melt of the discharge port 125 of the processing chamber 121 according to the remaining volume of the storage chamber 171. speed.
  • the 3D printing method described above further includes directing a first melt that is at least partially extruded from the discharge port 125 of the processing chamber 121 to flow into the processing chamber 121.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes adding a second initial material to the processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module 402 through the hopper of the second charging module 401;
  • the second initial material in the processing chamber of extrusion module 402 is heated and extruded to convert it into a second melt and extrude it from the discharge port of the processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module Mixing the first melt and the second melt in the mixing chamber 308 to form a first mixed melt; and directing the first mixed melt of the discharge port of the mixing chamber 308 through the nozzle of the printing module 303 331 is extruded and deposited onto the platform module 304.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes detecting a composition of the first mixed melt extruded from the discharge port of the mixing chamber 308; respectively controlling the first component according to the detected composition of the first mixed melt The discharge rates of the first melt and the second melt at the discharge port of the processing chamber of the melt extrusion module 302 and the second melt extrusion module 402.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes detecting a temperature of the first mixed melt at the mixing chamber 308; and controlling heating power to the first mixed melt at the mixing chamber 308 according to the detected temperature.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes adding a second initial material to the processing chamber 121 of the first melt extrusion module 102 through the hopper 211 of the second charging module 201;
  • the first initial material and the second initial material in 121 are heated and extruded to convert them into a first melt.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes detecting a composition of the first melt at an arbitrary position of the 3D printing apparatus 100, and separately controlling the first feeding according to the detected composition of the first melt.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes adding a second initial material to a processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module 962 through a hopper of a second charging module (not shown); Heating and extruding a second initial material in the processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module 962 to convert it into a second melt and from the processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module 962 Extrusion of the discharge port; the second melt guiding the discharge port of the processing chamber of the second melt extrusion module 962 is extruded through the second nozzle 952 of the printing module and deposited onto the platform module; The platform module 941 is driven to move between the lower side of the first nozzle 951 and the lower side of the second nozzle 952.
  • the 3D printing method described above further includes moving a nozzle 731 of the printing module relative to the platform module.
  • the 3D printing method described above further includes driving the nozzle 731 of the printing module relative to the platform module to move along a Z-axis as shown in FIG.
  • the above 3D printing method further includes driving a first deposition platform 741 of the platform module to move relative to a nozzle 731 of the printing module; wherein the first deposition 741 platform is configured to receive via the nozzle 731 The first melt extruded.
  • the 3D printing method described above further includes driving the deposition platform 741 to move relative to the nozzle 731 along an X-axis and/or a Y-axis as shown in FIG.
  • the 3D printing method described above further includes collecting the final product formed on the platform module 104.
  • the 3D printing method described above further includes detecting product parameters of the final product formed on the platform module 104.
  • the 3D printing method described above further includes sorting the final product formed on the platform module 104.
  • the 3D printing method described above further includes delivering the first initial material to the loading module 101 via an automatic feeding module.
  • the above 3D printing method can be used for printing of thermoplastic materials, especially for continuous production of pharmaceuticals, personalized production, and mass production.
  • modules or sub-modules of a 3D printing device are mentioned in the above detailed description, such division is merely exemplary and not mandatory.
  • the features and functions of the two or more modules described above may be embodied in one module.
  • the features and functions of one of the modules described above may be further divided into multiple modules.

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EP25154202.3A EP4574428A3 (en) 2017-05-16 2018-05-11 3d printing device and method
CA3063797A CA3063797C (en) 2017-05-16 2018-05-11 3D PRINTING DEVICE AND METHOD
CN202111400828.2A CN114311659B (zh) 2017-05-16 2018-05-11 3d打印设备和方法
JP2019564009A JP7174432B2 (ja) 2017-05-16 2018-05-11 ３ｄ印刷デバイス及び方法
EP18802440.0A EP3626439B1 (en) 2017-05-16 2018-05-11 3d printing method
AU2018267821A AU2018267821B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2018-05-11 3D printing device and method
US16/614,301 US11364674B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2018-05-11 3D printing device and method
CN202111376607.6A CN114290669B (zh) 2017-05-16 2018-05-11 3d打印设备和方法
KR1020197036147A KR102455404B1 (ko) 2017-05-16 2018-05-11 3d 인쇄 장치 및 방법
CN201880001232.5A CN109311232A (zh) 2017-05-16 2018-05-11 3d打印设备和方法
US17/752,729 US20220339857A1 (en) 2017-05-16 2022-05-24 3d printing device and method
JP2022160181A JP7514555B2 (ja) 2017-05-16 2022-10-04 ３ｄ印刷デバイス及び方法
JP2024101296A JP7797039B2 (ja) 2017-05-16 2024-06-24 ３ｄ印刷デバイス及び方法
JP2025259437A JP2026042045A (ja) 2017-05-16 2025-12-17 ３ｄ印刷デバイス及び方法

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EP4574428A3 (en) 2025-08-27
AU2018267821B2 (en) 2023-01-12
AU2018267821A1 (en) 2019-11-07
US20220339857A1 (en) 2022-10-27
EP3626439C0 (en) 2025-01-29
CN114311659A (zh) 2022-04-12
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CA3249258A1 (en) 2025-06-17
CN109311232A (zh) 2019-02-05
US11364674B2 (en) 2022-06-21
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US20210154910A1 (en) 2021-05-27
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CA3063797A1 (en) 2019-12-09
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JP7797039B2 (ja) 2026-01-13
CN114311659B (zh) 2025-10-21
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JP2024116413A (ja) 2024-08-27
JP2020524092A (ja) 2020-08-13

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