WO2018074040A1 - ポリアルケニルフェノール化合物の製造方法、並びにポリアルケニルフェノール化合物を含む硬化性組成物及びその硬化物 - Google Patents
ポリアルケニルフェノール化合物の製造方法、並びにポリアルケニルフェノール化合物を含む硬化性組成物及びその硬化物 Download PDFInfo
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- C07C39/02—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
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- C07C37/11—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms
- C07C37/14—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms by addition reactions, i.e. reactions involving at least one carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond
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- C07C39/02—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
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- C07C39/12—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic rings
- C07C39/15—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic rings with all hydroxy groups on non-condensed rings, e.g. phenylphenol
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- C07C39/225—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic, containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts with unsaturation outside the rings with at least one hydroxy group on a condensed ring system
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- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes
- C08G8/08—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ
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- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/085—Unsaturated polyimide precursors
Definitions
- Various phenol compounds having an alkenyl group can be obtained by alkenyl etherification using a phenol compound as a raw material, alkenyl etherification, and subsequent Claisen reaction under heating conditions.
- the rearranged alkenyl group provides building blocks in various derivatizations such as oxidation, metathesis, coupling, etc., thus providing a useful intermediate for synthesis, and one important synthesis method for industrial products, medicines and agrochemicals, etc. It has become.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polyalkenylphenol compound from a poly-2-alkenyl aromatic ether compound using a Claisen rearrangement reaction, which comprises polymerization by radical reaction between alkenyl groups, polyalkenylphenol. It is an object of the present invention to provide a production method that can be expected to suppress side reactions such as oxidation of a compound and coloration thereby, and to obtain a polyalkenylphenol compound having a narrow molecular weight distribution and a low viscosity in a high yield.
- R 9 and R 10 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- Y represents the following formula (2)
- R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 and R 15 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms or a carbon atom.
- Alkenyl group At least one compound (B) represented by either the following formula (3) or (4) (R 16 to R 27 in formula (3) or (4) are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms. Represents.) A method for producing a polyalkenylphenol compound (C), comprising rearranging Claisen in the presence of [2] The method according to [1], wherein the compound (B) is a compound represented by the formula (3).
- an alkenyl group of the compound (A) having at least two structural units represented by any one of the formulas (1a), (1b) or (1c) is represented by the formula (3).
- R 9 and R 10 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl having 5 to 10 carbon atoms. Represents a group or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Y is the formula (2)
- R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 and R 15 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms or a carbon atom.
- alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n- A hexyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group, etc. can be mentioned.
- alkoxy group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms include a methoxy group and an ethoxy group.
- cycloalkylene group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms include a cyclopentylene group, a cyclohexylene group, a methylcyclohexylene group, and a cycloheptylene group.
- the divalent organic group having an aromatic ring has 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of the divalent organic group having an aromatic ring having 6 to 14 carbon atoms include phenylene group, methylphenylene group, naphthylene group, biphenylene group, fluorenylene group, anthracenylene group, xylylene group, 4,4-methylenediphenyl group, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the divalent organic group having an alicyclic fused ring preferably has 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of the divalent organic group having an alicyclic fused ring having 6 to 10 carbon atoms include a dicyclopentadienylene group.
- alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms in R 9 and R 10 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group,
- alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms include vinyl group, allyl group, butenyl group, pentenyl group, hexenyl group and the like, and 5 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of the cycloalkyl group include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a methylcyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, and the like.
- Specific examples of the aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include a phenyl group and a methylphenyl group. , Ethylphenyl group, biphenyl group, naphthyl group and the like.
- a divalent group Q a dicyclopentadienylene group, a phenylene group, a methylphenylene group and a biphenylene group are preferable in terms of high mechanical strength when used as a curable composition, while —CH 2 — having a small steric hindrance is preferable. It is preferable in terms of reaction rate.
- alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms examples include compounds represented by the formula ( This is the same as described for R 9 and R 10 in 1a) to (1c).
- R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 and R 15 are all preferably hydrogen atoms, that is, the alkenyl group represented by the formula (2) is preferably an allyl group.
- the compound (A) preferably has at least two structural units represented by either the formula (1a) or (1b), and more preferably has at least two structural units represented by the formula (1a). preferable.
- compound (A) consists of one or more structural units selected from the group consisting of formula (1a), formula (1b) and formula (1c).
- compound (A) has a structural unit other than the structural unit represented by any of formulas (1a), (1b), or (1c).
- Compound (A) is preferably composed of one or more structural units selected from the group consisting of formulas (1a) and (1b), more preferably one or two represented by formula (1a) Consists of structural units of more than species.
- Compound (A) may be a mixture of compounds having different numbers of structural units.
- the average number per molecule of the structural units represented by any one of the formulas (1a), (1b) or (1c) is preferably 2 to 20, and preferably 2 to 15 Is more preferable.
- the average number of structural units per molecule is 2 or more, the heat resistance of the cured product using the polyalkenylphenol compound, which is the final target, as a curing agent is good, and when it is 20 or less, the flow during molding Good properties.
- the raw material polyphenol of compound (A) include phenol novolac resin, cresol novolac resin, triphenylmethane type phenol resin, phenol aralkyl resin, biphenyl aralkyl phenol resin, phenol-dicyclopentadiene copolymer resin, naphthol novolak resin.
- known phenol resins such as phenol-naphthol novolak resin and naphthalene diol resin.
- the raw material polyphenol is preferably a phenol resin having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 5,000, more preferably 600 to 3,000.
- the number average molecular weight is 500 or more, the heat resistance of a cured product using the polyalkenylphenol compound, which is the final target, as a curing agent is good, and when it is 5000 or less, the fluidity during molding is good.
- These phenol resins usually contain a plurality of compounds having different molecular weights (number of structural units). It is not necessary that all the compounds contained in the phenol resin are polyphenol compounds having structural units corresponding to formulas (1a) to (1c). For example, it may contain a binuclear body in which two phenol skeletons are bonded via methylene. However, it is desirable that the content of such a compound is small, and it is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, and still more preferably 10% by mass or less based on the raw material polyphenol.
- Compound (A) can be synthesized from a raw material polyphenol by a known method.
- a raw material polyphenol and a carboxylic acid 2-alkenyl ester having an alkenyl group represented by the formula (2) are preferably present in the presence of a transition metal complex catalyst, preferably a phosphorus compound as a complexing agent,
- the compound (A) having at least two structural units represented by any of the formulas (1a), (1b) or (1c) can be obtained by reacting under sexual conditions.
- reaction methods for example, methods described in JP-A-2011-26253, JP-T-10-511721, or JP-A-2016-028129 can be used. According to the above-mentioned process, the halogen compound derived from the raw material is not mixed in the obtained poly-2-alkenyl aromatic ether.
- the compound (B) of the present invention is at least one compound represented by either the following formula (3) or (4).
- R 16 to R 27 in formula (3) or (4) each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in R 16 to R 27 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a t-butyl group, Examples include n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, etc.
- cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms include cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, A cyclohexyl group, a methylcyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, and the like can be given.
- aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms include a phenyl group, a methylphenyl group, an ethylphenyl group, and a naphthyl group. .
- Examples of the compound represented by the formula (3) include phenol (C 6 H 5 OH), o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol, xylenol, ethylphenol, isopropylphenol, t-butylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol, And phenylphenol.
- Examples of the compound represented by the formula (4) include 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, 2-methyl-1-naphthol and the like.
- a compound represented by the formula (3) more preferably a compound in which R 16 to R 20 in the formula (3) are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, phenol, Even more preferred are o-cresol, m-cresol, and p-cresol, with phenol being particularly preferred.
- a plurality of compounds (B) can also be used in combination.
- the boiling point of the compound (B) is preferably 170 to 350 ° C., more preferably 175 to 340 ° C., and further preferably 180 to 330 ° C. If it is 170 ° C. or higher, it is possible to effectively prevent the volatilization of the compound (B) during the Claisen rearrangement reaction and accelerate the reaction. An alkenylphenol compound (C) can be obtained.
- the amount of the compound (B) is preferably 1 to 120 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 110 parts by mass, and further preferably 10 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the compound (A). If the amount of the compound (B) is 1 part by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the compound (A), the reaction can be accelerated, and if it is 120 parts by mass or less, the removal efficiency of the compound (B) is increased and the productivity is increased. Will be improved.
- Claisen rearrangement of the compound (A) can be performed, for example, by mixing the compound (A) and the compound (B) and heating the resulting mixture.
- the order and method of adding compound (A) and compound (B) to the reactor are not particularly limited.
- the Claisen rearrangement reaction can be carried out at a temperature of 140 to 180 ° C, more preferably 145 to 175 ° C, and even more preferably 150 to 170 ° C. If the reaction temperature is 140 ° C or higher, the reaction rate is suitable for industrial use, and if it is 180 ° C or lower, there are few side reactions such as polymerization, and the yield and purity are good.
- the target polyalkenylphenol compound can be obtained by conducting the Claisen rearrangement reaction generally for 5 to 50 hours, more preferably 6 to 40 hours, and even more preferably 7 to 30 hours. If the reaction time is 5 hours or longer, the conversion rate of the Claisen rearrangement reaction is good, and if it is 50 hours or shorter, side reactions such as polymerization can be suppressed.
- the target polyalkenylphenol compound can be obtained by performing the Claisen rearrangement reaction in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas or argon.
- an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas or argon.
- the molecular weight increase rate defined by the following formula is preferably 0 to 70%, more preferably 0 to 60%, and still more preferably 0 to 50%. If the rate of increase in molecular weight is 70% or less, productivity is good because the viscosity of the product after the reaction is low.
- Molecular weight increase rate [%] (m C / m A ⁇ 1) ⁇ 100 (M A weight average molecular weight of the compound (A), m C represents a weight average molecular weight of the polyalkenyl phenol compound (C).)
- the compound (B) can be removed as necessary.
- the compound (B) can be removed by a known distillation method such as atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, molecular distillation or the like using a known distillation apparatus such as a continuous distillation apparatus, a batch distillation apparatus, or a thin film distillation apparatus. .
- the removal of the compound (B) is preferably by distillation under reduced pressure. By performing distillation under reduced pressure, side reactions such as oxidation and polymerization of the produced polyalkenylphenol compound (C) can be suppressed.
- the polyalkenylphenol compound (C) obtained according to the present invention is a poly-2-alkenylphenol compound having at least two structural units represented by any of the following formulas (5a), (5b) or (5c). .
- R 1 to R 8 and Q in the formulas (5a) to (5c) are as described for the formulas (1a) to (1c), and Y is as described for the formula (2).
- the polyalkenylphenol compound (C) obtained by the present invention can be used as a component of the curable composition.
- a polyalkenyl phenol compound (C) can be combined with an aromatic bismaleimide compound and a polymerization initiator as a curing accelerator to obtain a thermosetting composition having low viscosity and excellent moldability or coating property.
- the polyalkenylphenol compound (C) can also be used in the radiation sensitive composition.
- the composition containing the polyalkenylphenol compound (C) and the cured product thereof can be used for applications such as a semiconductor sealing material, a prepreg, an interlayer insulating resin, a solder resist, and a die attach.
- A-1 is represented by the formula (1a):
- Example 1 200 g of the phenol novolac-type polyallyl ether resin A-1 obtained in Synthesis Example 1 and 200 g of phenol (C 6 H 5 OH, manufactured by Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd., boiling point 182 ° C.) were placed in a 1000 mL separable flask. Nitrogen gas was blown into the reaction vessel, the temperature was raised to 170 ° C. while stirring at 300 rpm with a mechanical stirrer, and the Claisen rearrangement reaction was carried out for 7 hours under a nitrogen gas atmosphere. Thereafter, phenol was removed at 160 ° C. under reduced pressure to obtain a reddish brown reaction product.
- phenol C 6 H 5 OH, manufactured by Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd., boiling point 182 ° C.
- Example 2 The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of phenol added in Example 1 was 66 g, and the reaction product was confirmed by 1 H-NMR. As a result, the desired polyallylphenol resin was obtained in a reaction time of 17 hours. Got. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 The reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of phenol added in Example 1 was 20 g, and the reaction product was confirmed by 1 H-NMR. As a result, the desired polyallylphenol resin was obtained in a reaction time of 21 hours. Got. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the reaction temperature in Example 1 was changed to 150 ° C., and the reaction product was confirmed by 1 H-NMR. As a result, the desired polyallylphenol resin was obtained in a reaction time of 30 hours. Obtained. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the polyallyl ether resin A-2 obtained in Synthesis Example 2 was used instead of the polyallyl ether resin A-1.
- the structural unit of the obtained triphenylmethane type polyallylphenol resin is shown in Formula (5a2), and the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the polyallyl ether resin A-3 obtained in Synthesis Example 3 was used instead of the polyallyl ether resin A-1.
- Q —CH 2 —C 6 H 4 —CH 2 —
- R 15 hydrogen atom was obtained (FIG. 3).
- the structural unit of the obtained polyallyl naphthalene diol resin is shown in Formula (5c1), and the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that p-cresol (C 7 H 7 OH, manufactured by Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd., boiling point 202 ° C.) was used instead of the phenol of Example 1, and the reaction was generated by 1 H-NMR. When the product was confirmed, the desired polyallylphenol resin was obtained in a reaction time of 8 hours. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no phenol was added in Example 1, and the reaction product was confirmed by 1 H-NMR. As a result, the desired polyallylphenol resin was obtained in a reaction time of 27 hours. It was. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Example 5 except that no phenol was added in Example 5. The reaction product was confirmed by 1 H-NMR, and the desired polyallylphenol resin was obtained in a reaction time of 27 hours. It was. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 The reaction was conducted in the same manner as in Example 5 except that no phenol was added in Example 6. The reaction product was confirmed by 1 H-NMR, and the desired polyallylphenol resin was obtained in a reaction time of 27 hours. It was. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- Table 1 suggests that the target polyalkenyl (allyl) phenol compound having a 2-alkenyl (allyl) group can be obtained in higher yield and higher purity in the Examples than in the Comparative Examples.
- Aromatic bismaleimide compound BMI-4000 (2,2′-bis [4- (4-maleimidophenyloxy) phenyl] propane, melting point 165 ° C., Daiwa Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
- Curing accelerator Parkmill (registered trademark) D (Dicumyl peroxide, NOF Corporation)
- Silica filler MSR 2212 (Spherical silica, average particle size 25.5 ⁇ m, treated with 0.5% by mass of Tatsumori Co., Ltd., silane coupling agent KBM-403 (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.))
- the mixture was allowed to cool and solidify at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 1 hour and then pulverized using a mill mixer (Osaka Chemical Co., Ltd., model WB-1, 25 ° C., 30 seconds) to obtain the desired powder form.
- a curable composition was obtained.
- TMA / SS6100 thermomechanical analyzer manufactured by SII NanoTechnology Co., Ltd.
- a test piece of 5 mm ⁇ 5 mm ⁇ 5 mm was obtained under the conditions of a temperature range of 30 to 300 ° C., a heating rate of 5 ° C./min, and a load of 20.0 mN.
- the temperature at the displacement point of the linear expansion coefficient is defined as Tg.
- Table 2 The results are shown in Table 2.
- Dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent Determined by cavity dielectric perturbation complex dielectric constant measurement.
- molding is performed with a transfer molding machine (manufactured by Matsuda Seisakusho Co., Ltd.) under conditions of a mold temperature of 180 ° C., a holding pressure of 100 kg / cm 2 , and a holding time of 3 minutes.
- a test piece for tangent measurement is prepared. After the specimen was heated at 230 ° C.
- a polyalkenylphenol compound having a narrow molecular weight distribution and a low viscosity produced according to the present invention can be obtained, for example, by combining with a main agent such as maleimide as a curing agent to obtain a cured product with good moldability and high electrical reliability.
- the polyalkenylphenol compound having a narrow molecular weight distribution and a low viscosity produced according to the present invention can be suitably used as a raw material for a semiconductor sealing material.
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Abstract
Description
[1]
下記式(1a)、(1b)又は(1c)のいずれかで表される構造単位を少なくとも2つ有する化合物(A)
下記式(3)又は(4)のいずれかで表される少なくとも1つの化合物(B)
の存在下でクライゼン転位させることを含む、ポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)の製造方法。
[2]
前記化合物(B)が、式(3)で表される化合物である、[1]に記載の方法。
[3]
前記化合物(B)が、式(3)で表される化合物であり、R16~R20がそれぞれ独立に水素原子又はメチル基である、[1]又は[2]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[4]
前記化合物(B)が、フェノール、o-クレゾール、m-クレゾール、及びp-クレゾールからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの化合物である、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[5]
前記化合物(A)が前記式(1a)又は(1b)のいずれかで表される構造単位を少なくとも2つ有する、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[6]
前記化合物(A)が前記式(1a)で表される構造単位を少なくとも2つ有する、[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[7]
前記化合物(A)において前記式(1a)、(1b)又は(1c)のいずれかで表される構造単位の総数の一分子当たりの平均が2~20である、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[8]
下記式で定義される分子量増加率が0~70%である、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の方法。
分子量増加率[%]=(mC/mA-1)×100
(mAは前記化合物(A)の重量平均分子量、mCは前記ポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)の重量平均分子量を表す。)
[9]
反応温度が140~180℃である、[1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[10]
反応時間が5~50時間である、[1]~[9]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[11]
前記化合物(B)の量が、前記化合物(A)100質量部に対して1~120質量部である、[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載の方法。
[12]
[1]~[11]のいずれかに記載のポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)を含む硬化性組成物。
[13]
[12]に記載の硬化性組成物の硬化物。
化合物(A)のクライゼン転位は、例えば化合物(A)と化合物(B)を混合し、得られた混合物を加熱することにより行うことができる。化合物(A)及び化合物(B)の反応器への添加の順序及び方法は特に限定されない。
分子量増加率[%]=(mC/mA-1)×100
(mAは化合物(A)の重量平均分子量、mCはポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)の重量平均分子量を表す。)
本発明により得られるポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)は、下記式(5a)、(5b)又は(5c)のいずれかで表される構造単位を少なくとも2つ有する、ポリ2-アルケニルフェノール化合物である。
本発明により得られたポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)は、硬化性組成物の成分として使用することができる。例えば、ポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)を芳香族ビスマレイミド化合物、及び硬化促進剤として重合開始剤と組み合わせて、低粘度で成形性又は塗布性に優れた熱硬化性組成物を得ることができる。ポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)を感放射線性組成物に使用することもできる。ポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)を含む組成物及びその硬化物は、例えば半導体封止材、プリプレグ、層間絶縁樹脂、ソルダーレジスト、ダイアタッチなどの用途に用いることができる。
・収率
クライゼン転位反応前のポリ2-アルケニル芳香族エーテル化合物(以下の実施例ではポリアリル芳香族エーテル化合物)の仕込み量をM1[g]、クライゼン転位反応後のポリアルケニルフェノール化合物の取り出し量をM2[g]として、収率を以下の式から求めた。
収率[%]=M2/M1×100
クライゼン転位反応前のポリ2-アルケニル芳香族エーテル化合物の1H-NMRスペクトルにおけるδ4.6~4.4ppm(式(1a)~(1c)のアルケニル基Yにおける、酸素原子に結合した炭素原子上の水素原子に基づくシグナル)の積分値を100としたときのクライゼン転位反応後の反応生成物の1H-NMRスペクトルにおけるδ4.6~4.4ppmの積分値の減少割合により算出した。使用した装置及び測定条件は以下のとおりである。
装置名:JEOL AL400(日本電子株式会社製)
溶媒:重クロロホルム
温度:27℃
GPCの測定条件は以下のとおりである。
装置名:JASCO LC-2000 plus(日本分光株式会社製)
カラム:Shodex(登録商標)LF-804(昭和電工株式会社製)
移動相:テトラヒドロフラン
流速:1.0mL/min
検出器:JASCO RI-2031 plus(日本分光株式会社製)
温度:40℃
上記測定条件で、ポリスチレンの標準物質を使用して作成した検量線を用いて数平均分子量Mn及び重量平均分子量Mwを算出した。クライゼン転位反応前のポリアリル芳香族エーテル化合物の重量平均分子量をmA、クライゼン転位反応後のポリアルケニルフェノール化合物の重量平均分子量をmCとして、分子量増加率を以下の式で求めた。
分子量増加率[%]=(mC/mA-1)×100
レオメーター(回転式粘度計)に試料0.5gを載せ、コーンプレート(CP-15)を用いて測定した。測定条件は以下のとおりである。
装置名:粘弾性測定装置Bohlin C-VOR(Malvern Instruments社製)
温度:100℃
1000mLの3つ口型フラスコに、炭酸カリウム(日本曹達株式会社製)201g(1.45mol)を純水150gに溶解した溶液、フェノールノボラック樹脂ショウノール(登録商標)BRG-556(昭和電工株式会社製、数平均分子量600、重量平均分子量850)及びフェノールノボラック樹脂ショウノール(登録商標)BRG-558(昭和電工株式会社製、数平均分子量1050、重量平均分子量1850)の1:1混合物150.0g(水酸基1.4mol)を仕込み、反応器を窒素ガス置換し85℃に加熱した。窒素ガス気流下、酢酸アリル(昭和電工株式会社製)204g(2.04mol)、トリフェニルホスフィン(北興化学工業株式会社製)3.82g(14.6mmol)、及び50質量%含水5質量%-Pd/C-STDタイプ(エヌ・イーケムキャット株式会社製)0.62g(0.291mmol)を入れ、窒素ガス雰囲気中、105℃に昇温して4時間反応させた後、酢酸アリル29g(0.291mol)を追添し、加熱を10時間継続した。その後撹拌を停止し、静置することで有機層と水層の二層に分離した。析出している塩(酢酸カリウム塩)が溶解するまで、純水(200g)を添加した後、トルエン200gを加え、80℃以上の温度に保持して白色沈殿(酢酸カリウム塩)が析出していないことを確認した後、Pd/Cを濾過(1マイクロメートルのメンブランフィルター(アドバンテック社製KST-142-JAを用いて加圧(0.3MPa))により回収した。この濾滓をトルエン100gで洗浄するとともに、水層を分離した。濾滓の洗浄トルエンと上記有機層を合わせたものを純水200gで3回洗浄し、3度目の洗浄後分離した水層のpHが7.0であることを確認した。分離した有機層に活性炭CN1(日本ノリット株式会社製)4.5gを加え、60℃に加熱し、1時間マグネティックスターラーにて300rpmで撹拌した。その後活性炭を濾過(1マイクロメートルのメンブランフィルター(アドバンテック社製KST-142-JA)を用いて加圧(0.3MPa))により除去した後、減圧下、濃縮(トルエン及び過剰の酢酸アリルを除去)し、褐色油状物A-1を得た。1H-NMRスペクトルによる同定により、A-1は式(1a)においてR1=R2=R9=R10=水素原子、Q=-CR9R10-、式(2)においてR11~R15=水素原子のフェノールノボラック型のポリアリルエーテル樹脂であることが分かった(図1)。数平均分子量は600、重量平均分子量は1200、収率は96%であった。
フェノールノボラック樹脂ショウノール(登録商標)BRG-556及びBRG-558の1:1混合物150.0gの代わりにトリフェニルメタン型フェノール樹脂ショウノール(登録商標)TRI-002(昭和電工株式会社製、数平均分子量500、重量平均分子量600)150.0gを用いた以外は合成例1と同様の操作によりA-2を得た。1H-NMRスペクトルによる同定により、A-2は式(1a)においてR1=R2=R9=水素原子、R10=C6H4OH、Q=-CR9R10-、式(2)においてR11~R15=水素原子のトリフェニルメタン型フェノールのポリアリルエーテル樹脂であることが分かった。数平均分子量は500、重量平均分子量は600、収率は95%であった。
フェノールノボラック樹脂ショウノール(登録商標)BRG-556及びBRG-558の1:1混合物150.0gの代わりにナフタレンジオール樹脂SN-395(新日鐵化学株式会社製、数平均分子量550、重量平均分子量1200)149.5gを用いた以外は合成例1と同様の操作によりA-3を得た。1H-NMRスペクトルによる同定により、A-3は式(1c)においてR7=R8=水素原子、Q=-CH2-C6H4-CH2-、式(2)においてR11~R15=水素原子のナフタレンジオール型のポリアリルエーテル樹脂であることが分かった。数平均分子量は600、重量平均分子量は1200、収率は93%であった。
合成例1で得られたフェノールノボラック型のポリアリルエーテル樹脂A-1 200g及びフェノール(C6H5OH、純正化学株式会社製、沸点182℃)200gを、1000mLのセパラブルフラスコに入れた。反応容器に窒素ガスを吹き込み、メカニカルスターラーにて300rpmで撹拌をしながら170℃まで昇温し、そのまま窒素ガス雰囲気下、7時間クライゼン転位反応を行った。その後、減圧下、160℃でフェノールを除去し、赤褐色の反応生成物を得た。1H-NMRスペクトルによる同定により、反応生成物は式(5a)においてR1=R2=R9=R10=水素原子、Q=-CR9R10-、式(2)においてR11~R15=水素原子とするフェノールノボラック型のポリアリルフェノール樹脂であることが分かった(図2)。得られたフェノールノボラック型ポリアリルフェノール樹脂の構造単位を式(5a1)に示し、その他の評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のフェノールの添加量を66gとした以外は、実施例1と同様に反応を行い、1H-NMRで反応生成物を確認したところ、反応時間17時間で目的とするポリアリルフェノール樹脂を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のフェノールの添加量を20gとした以外は、実施例1と同様に反応を行い、1H-NMRで反応生成物を確認したところ、反応時間21時間で目的とするポリアリルフェノール樹脂を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1の反応温度を150℃とした以外は、実施例1と同様に反応を行い、1H-NMRで反応生成物を確認したところ、反応時間30時間で目的とするポリアリルフェノール樹脂を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
ポリアリルエーテル樹脂A-1の代わりに合成例2で得られたポリアリルエーテル樹脂A-2を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。1H-NMRで反応生成物を確認したところ、式(5a)においてR1=R2=R9=水素原子、R10=C6H4OH、Q=-CR9R10-、式(2)においてR11~R15=水素原子の固体のトリフェニルメタン型のポリアリルフェノール樹脂を得たことが分かった。得られたトリフェニルメタン型ポリアリルフェノール樹脂の構造単位を式(5a2)に示し、評価結果を表1に示す。
ポリアリルエーテル樹脂A-1の代わりに合成例3で得られたポリアリルエーテル樹脂A-3を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。1H-NMRで反応生成物を確認したところ、式(5c)においてR7=R8=水素原子、Q=-CH2-C6H4-CH2-、式(2)においてR11~R15=水素原子の固体のポリアリルナフタレンジオール樹脂を得たことが分かった(図3)。得られたポリアリルナフタレンジオール樹脂の構造単位を式(5c1)に示し、評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1のフェノールの代わりにp-クレゾール(C7H7OH、純正化学株式会社製、沸点202℃)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行い、1H-NMRで反応生成物を確認したところ、反応時間8時間で目的とするポリアリルフェノール樹脂を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1においてフェノールを添加しなかった以外は、実施例1と同様に反応を行い、1H-NMRで反応生成物を確認したところ、反応時間27時間で目的とするポリアリルフェノール樹脂を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例5においてフェノールを添加しなかった以外は、実施例5と同様に反応を行い、1H-NMRで反応生成物を確認したところ、反応時間27時間で目的とするポリアリルフェノール樹脂を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例6においてフェノールを添加しなかった以外は、実施例5と同様に反応を行い、1H-NMRで反応生成物を確認したところ、反応時間27時間で目的とするポリアリルフェノール樹脂を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で得られたポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(フェノールノボラック型ポリアリルフェノール樹脂)と、次の原料とを混合し、硬化性組成物を得た。
・硬化促進剤:パークミル(登録商標)D(ジクミルパーオキサイド、日油株式会社)
・シリカフィラー:MSR2212(球状シリカ、平均粒径25.5μm、株式会社龍森、シランカップリング剤KBM-403(信越化学工業株式会社)0.5質量%を用いて処理)
・ガラス転移温度(Tg)
粉末状の硬化性組成物を用い、トランスファー成形機(株式会社松田製作所製)で、金型温度180℃、保持圧力100kg/cm2、及び保持時間3分間の条件で成形し、ガラス転移温度測定用の試験片を作製する。試験片を230℃にて6時間加熱し、硬化させた後、熱機械測定(TMA)により測定する。エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー株式会社製TMA/SS6100熱機械分析装置を使用し、温度範囲30~300℃、昇温速度5℃/min、荷重20.0mNの条件で5mm×5mm×5mmの試験片を用いて測定を行い、線膨張係数の変位点の温度をTgとする。結果を表2に示す。
粉末状の硬化性組成物を用い、トランスファー成形機(株式会社松田製作所製)で、金型温度180℃、保持圧力100kg/cm2、及び保持時間3分間の条件で成形し、3点曲げ試験用の試験片を作製する。試験片を230℃にて6時間加熱し、硬化させた後、エー・アンド・デイ社製テンシロン試験機(型式:MSAT0002RTF/RTG)を用いて測定する。試験片形状は長さ750mm×幅10mm×厚さ3mmである。JIS K7171に準拠して、室温にて試験速度2mm/minで3点曲げ試験を5回行い、その平均値を曲げ強度及び曲げ弾性率とする。結果を表2に示す。
空胴共振器摂動法複素誘電率測定により決定する。粉末状の硬化性組成物を用い、トランスファー成形機(株式会社松田製作所製)で、金型温度180℃、保持圧力100kg/cm2、及び保持時間3分間の条件で成形し、誘電率及び誘電正接測定用の試験片を作製する。試験片を230℃にて6時間加熱し、硬化させた後、キーサイト・テクノロジー合同会社製8753ES Sパラメータ・ベクトル・ネットワーク・アナライザ、空胴共振器摂動プログラムCPMA-V3、及び5GHz用の空胴共振器CP19を使用し、室温、測定周波数5GHzの条件で1.5mm×1.5mm×70.0mmの試験片を用いて測定を行い、誘電率及び誘電正接の値を決定する。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (13)
- 下記式(1a)、(1b)又は(1c)のいずれかで表される構造単位を少なくとも2つ有する化合物(A)
下記式(3)又は(4)のいずれかで表される少なくとも1つの化合物(B)
の存在下でクライゼン転位させることを含む、ポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)の製造方法。 - 前記化合物(B)が、式(3)で表される化合物である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物(B)が、式(3)で表される化合物であり、R16~R20がそれぞれ独立に水素原子又はメチル基である、請求項1又は2のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記化合物(B)が、フェノール、o-クレゾール、m-クレゾール、及びp-クレゾールからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの化合物である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物(A)が前記式(1a)又は(1b)のいずれかで表される構造単位を少なくとも2つ有する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物(A)が前記式(1a)で表される構造単位を少なくとも2つ有する、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物(A)において前記式(1a)、(1b)又は(1c)のいずれかで表される構造単位の総数の一分子当たりの平均が2~20である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 下記式で定義される分子量増加率が0~70%である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
分子量増加率[%]=(mC/mA-1)×100
(mAは前記化合物(A)の重量平均分子量、mCは前記ポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)の重量平均分子量を表す。) - 反応温度が140~180℃である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 反応時間が5~50時間である、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記化合物(B)の量が、前記化合物(A)100質量部に対して1~120質量部である、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載のポリアルケニルフェノール化合物(C)を含む硬化性組成物。
- 請求項12に記載の硬化性組成物の硬化物。
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JP2018546160A JP6921099B2 (ja) | 2016-10-18 | 2017-08-09 | ポリアルケニルフェノール化合物の製造方法、並びにポリアルケニルフェノール化合物を含む硬化性組成物及びその硬化物 |
CN201780047703.1A CN109563223B (zh) | 2016-10-18 | 2017-08-09 | 多烯基酚化合物的制造方法、以及包含多烯基酚化合物的固化性组合物及其固化物 |
EP17861822.9A EP3530681A4 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2017-08-09 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING POLYALCENYLPHENOL COMPOUND, CURABLE COMPOSITION CONTAINING POLYALCENYLPHENOL COMPOUND, AND CURED PRODUCT OF CURABLE COMPOSITION |
US16/330,470 US20190225566A1 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2017-08-09 | Method for producing polyalkenylphenol compound, curable composition including polyalkenylphenol compound, and cured product of curable composition |
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WO2018193850A1 (ja) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-10-25 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 硬化性樹脂組成物、その硬化物、及びその硬化物を含む構造体 |
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JP7153635B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-19 | 2022-10-14 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 硬化性樹脂組成物、その硬化物、及びその硬化物を含む構造体 |
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TW201821461A (zh) | 2018-06-16 |
CN109563223A (zh) | 2019-04-02 |
TWI639635B (zh) | 2018-11-01 |
CN109563223B (zh) | 2021-07-09 |
EP3530681A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
KR102171008B1 (ko) | 2020-10-28 |
EP3530681A4 (en) | 2020-04-29 |
JPWO2018074040A1 (ja) | 2019-08-08 |
JP6921099B2 (ja) | 2021-08-18 |
KR20190015463A (ko) | 2019-02-13 |
US20190225566A1 (en) | 2019-07-25 |
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