WO2017169266A1 - 駐車管理システムおよび駐車管理方法 - Google Patents
駐車管理システムおよび駐車管理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017169266A1 WO2017169266A1 PCT/JP2017/005886 JP2017005886W WO2017169266A1 WO 2017169266 A1 WO2017169266 A1 WO 2017169266A1 JP 2017005886 W JP2017005886 W JP 2017005886W WO 2017169266 A1 WO2017169266 A1 WO 2017169266A1
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- parking
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- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title description 170
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002066 L-histidyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])=NC(C([H])([H])[C@](C(=O)[*])([H])N([H])[H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q30/00—Commerce
- G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
- G06Q30/0283—Price estimation or determination
- G06Q30/0284—Time or distance, e.g. usage of parking meters or taximeters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/40—Business processes related to the transportation industry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/015—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for distinguishing between two or more types of vehicles, e.g. between motor-cars and cycles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/017—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/017—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
- G08G1/0175—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles by photographing vehicles, e.g. when violating traffic rules
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/04—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using optical or ultrasonic detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
- G08G1/141—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas with means giving the indication of available parking spaces
- G08G1/142—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas with means giving the indication of available parking spaces external to the vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
- G08G1/145—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas
- G08G1/146—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas where the parking area is a limited parking space, e.g. parking garage, restricted space
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q2240/00—Transportation facility access, e.g. fares, tolls or parking
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a parking management system and a parking management method.
- This application claims priority on Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-073498 filed in Japan on March 31, 2016, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for detecting entrance and exit to a parking lot by DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) and calculating a charge amount based on the time from the entrance time to the exit time.
- DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communications
- An object of the present invention is to provide a parking management system and a parking management method capable of parking management with a simple structure.
- the parking management system (1) is provided at the boundary of a management area (MA, PA) having a parking space (PS) in which one vehicle (C) can be parked.
- a reading device (101, 104, 501) for reading identification information for identifying the vehicle from identification bodies (CE, CT) mounted on the vehicle passing through the boundary of the management area, and a vehicle located in each of the parking spaces
- a parking management device (107) for acquiring the identification information from the reading device and acquiring a vehicle detection result from the vehicle detection device.
- the parking management device starts measurement from the time when the same identification information is first read by the reading device, is not read again during a predetermined passage determination time, and A parking determination unit (203) that determines that the vehicle indicated by the identification information has parked in the parking space when a new vehicle is detected in the parking space by the vehicle detection device.
- a parking determination unit (203) that determines that the vehicle indicated by the identification information has parked in the parking space when a new vehicle is detected in the parking space by the vehicle detection device.
- the parking management device determines the parking fee of the vehicle determined to be parked in the parking space by the parking determination unit.
- a billing amount specifying unit (205) for specifying based on the time from the time when the reading device is first read to the time when it is read again is further provided.
- the parking management system which concerns on a 2nd aspect can charge the parking fee according to the time from entrance time to exit time with respect to the vehicle determined to be parked in the parking space.
- the parking management system according to the first or second aspect is provided at a boundary of the parking area, and is mounted on a vehicle entering the boundary of the parking area. Further comprising a sub-reading device (801) for reading the identification information from a plurality of parking areas (PA1, PA2) having parking spaces in which a single vehicle can be parked.
- a parking area specifying unit that specifies the parking area having a parking space where the vehicle is parked based on the reading result of the identification information of the vehicle determined to be parked by the parking determination unit by the sub-reading device. 901).
- the parking management system which concerns on a 3rd aspect can pinpoint the parking area where a vehicle parks among management areas.
- the parking management device is between the time when the parking device is first read by the reading device and the passage determination time.
- a staying number specifying unit (208) that specifies the number of the identification information that cannot be read again
- a parking number specifying unit (207) that specifies the number of the parking spaces where the vehicle is detected by the vehicle detection device.
- the parking management system which concerns on a 4th aspect is when the vehicle which cannot read identification information with a reader is parked in a parking space, and when the vehicle is parked in places other than a parking space. It can be determined that an abnormality has occurred.
- the management area has a plurality of boundaries
- the reading device has each of the boundaries of the management area.
- the parking determination unit is not read by another reading device between the time when the same identification information is first read by one reading device and the passage determination time, and the passage determination time
- the parking management system which concerns on a 5th aspect can determine appropriately the presence or absence of parking to a parking space in the management area where a vehicle flows in from one boundary and flows out from another boundary.
- the management area is a section of a roadway (L1)
- the parking space is a section of the section.
- the reading device is provided at an upstream boundary of the partition and a downstream boundary of the partition.
- the parking management method reads identification information for identifying a vehicle from an identification body mounted on a vehicle entering a boundary of a management area having a parking space where one vehicle can be parked.
- a reading step, a vehicle detection step for detecting a vehicle existing in each of the parking spaces, and the same identification information is not read again during the passage determination time from the time when it was first read, and the passage determination time
- a parking determination step for determining that the vehicle indicated by the identification information is parked in the parking space when a vehicle is detected in the parking space.
- parking management is possible with a simple structure.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a parking management system according to the first embodiment.
- the parking management system 1 according to the first embodiment includes a parking area PA in a parking area PA that is set in one section of the first lane L1 in a two-lane road that includes the first lane L1 and the second lane L2. This is a system that charges a parking fee for the vehicle C parked in the parking space PS.
- the management area of the parking management system 1 is configured by one parking area PA, and the management area and the parking area PA coincide with each other.
- the parking management system 1 according to the first embodiment permits parking of the vehicle C on which the vehicle-mounted device CE storing the vehicle ID is mounted.
- Each parking space PS is separated by a lot line.
- the lane marking is highlighted when the first lane L1 functions as a street parking lot.
- the lane marking is enhanced by, for example, irradiation with light having directivity directed to the lane marking, light emission from a lane marking formed by a light emitter such as an EL (Electroluminescence) light emitter, and the like.
- the first lane L1 functions as a traffic lane when not functioning as a street parking lot.
- the parking management system 1 includes a first antenna 101, a first camera 102, a roadside display device 103, a second antenna 104, a second camera 105, a vehicle detection device 106, a parking management device 107, a central settlement.
- a processing device 108 is provided.
- the first antenna 101, the first camera 102, and the roadside display device 103 are poles provided near the boundary (entrance side boundary) on the upstream side (front side in the traveling direction, -Y direction side in FIG. 1) of the parking area PA. Installed.
- the second antenna 104 and the second camera 105 are installed on a pole provided in the vicinity of the boundary (exit side boundary) on the downstream side of the parking area PA (back side in the traveling direction, + Y direction side in FIG. 1).
- the vehicle detection device 106 is installed at the center of each parking space PS divided into parking areas PA.
- the parking management device 107 is installed in a manned booth B provided on the road side of the parking area PA. In other embodiments, when the manned booth B is not provided on the roadside, the parking management device 107 may be installed in the roadside area, the roadside structure, or the remote place I.
- Central settlement processing device 108 is installed at remote location I.
- the first antenna 101 performs wireless communication with the vehicle-mounted device CE mounted on the vehicle C that passes through the upstream boundary of the parking area PA. That is, the first antenna 101 is installed so that the upstream boundary of the parking area PA is included in the communication range R1.
- the 1st antenna 101 reads vehicle ID which identifies vehicle C from onboard equipment CE.
- the first antenna 101 is an example of a reading device that reads identification information for identifying the vehicle C from an identification body (onboard unit CE) mounted on the vehicle C entering the boundary of the management area.
- the vehicle ID may have a plurality of types of IDs (for example, an onboard device management number and a vehicle number) per vehicle, but in the present embodiment, one type of ID (for example, , OBE management number).
- the first camera 102 images the parking space PS and the traffic lane in the parking area PA from the upstream side of the parking area PA.
- the roadside display device 103 displays information indicating the operation status of the first lane L1 as a road parking lot. Examples of information indicating the operation status include whether or not the first lane L1 functions as a road parking lot and the number of vacant parking spaces PS.
- the roadside display device 103 is realized by, for example, VMS (Variable Message Sign).
- the second antenna 104 performs wireless communication with the vehicle-mounted device CE mounted on the vehicle C passing through the downstream boundary of the parking area PA. That is, the second antenna 104 is installed such that the communication range R2 includes the downstream boundary of the parking area PA.
- the second antenna 104 reads a vehicle ID that identifies the vehicle C from the vehicle-mounted device CE.
- the second antenna 104 is an example of a reading device that reads identification information for identifying the vehicle C from an identification body (onboard unit CE) mounted on the vehicle C entering the boundary of the management area.
- the second camera 105 images the parking space PS and the traffic lane in the parking area PA from the downstream side of the parking area PA.
- the vehicle detection device 106 detects the vehicle C present in the parking space PS in which the vehicle detection device 106 is provided.
- the vehicle detection device 106 is realized by, for example, an ultrasonic sensor, a magnetic sensor (loop coil), or the like.
- the parking management device 107 acquires information from the first antenna 101, the second antenna 104, and the vehicle detection device 106, and performs charging processing for the vehicle C parked in the parking space PS.
- the parking management device 107 determines whether or not an inappropriate vehicle C is parked in the parking space PS.
- the determination result is displayed on the display of the parking management device 107, so that a staff member standing by at the manned booth B is notified.
- the parking management apparatus 107 displays the video image
- the clerk monitors the images of the first camera 102 and the second camera 105, thereby monitoring the dumping of the object into the parking space PS, the entry of the two-wheeled vehicle, and the stop of the vehicle C in the second lane L2.
- the central settlement processing device 108 performs electronic settlement processing according to the parking fee received from the parking management device 107 through a credit card company or the like.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the parking management device according to the first embodiment.
- the parking management device 107 includes an ID acquisition unit 201, a detection result acquisition unit 202, a parking determination unit 203, a stay list storage unit 204, a charge amount specifying unit 205, a charge processing unit 206, a parking number specifying unit 207, and a stay number specifying unit 208. , An abnormality determination unit 209, an alarm notification unit 210, and an operation setting unit 211.
- the ID acquisition unit 201 acquires the vehicle ID read from the first antenna 101 and the second antenna 104 through communication with the vehicle-mounted device CE.
- the detection result acquisition unit 202 acquires the detection result of the vehicle C from each vehicle detection device 106.
- the parking determination unit 203 determines whether the vehicle C is parked in the parking space PS based on the vehicle ID acquired by the ID acquisition unit 201 and the detection result of the vehicle detection device 106 acquired by the detection result acquisition unit 202. judge.
- the stay list storage unit 204 stores the vehicle ID of the vehicle C staying in the parking area PA.
- “staying in the parking area PA” means a state in which the vehicle C remains in the parking area PA without passing through the parking area PA. Parking is a form of retention.
- the billing amount specifying unit 205 calculates the parking fee of the vehicle C determined by the parking determination unit 203 to be parked in the parking space PS. For example, the billing amount specifying unit 205 calculates a parking fee by multiplying the specified time by a unit parking fee per unit time. The unit parking fee may vary depending on the availability or time zone of the parking space PS.
- the billing processing unit 206 communicates with the central settlement processing apparatus 108 and performs billing processing for the parking fee specified by the billing amount specifying unit 205.
- the parking number specifying unit 207 calculates the number of vehicles C parked in the parking space PS based on the detection result of each vehicle detection device 106.
- the staying number specifying unit 208 calculates the number of vehicle IDs stored in the staying list storage unit 204 (that is, the number of vehicles related to the vehicle ID).
- the abnormality determination unit 209 determines that an abnormality has occurred when the number of vehicles C specified by the parking number specifying unit 207 and the number of vehicle IDs specified by the staying number specifying unit 208 do not match during a predetermined abnormality determination time. It is determined that it has occurred.
- the number of vehicle IDs refers to one type of vehicle ID, even if a plurality of different types of vehicle IDs are detected, and this relates to the same vehicle.
- the alarm notification unit 210 notifies an attendant of the occurrence of an abnormality by displaying an alarm on the display.
- the operation setting unit 211 receives an input for setting whether or not the first lane L1 functions as a street parking lot.
- the operation setting unit 211 highlights the lane marking, and the first lane L1 functions as a road parking lot on the roadside display device 103. Is displayed.
- the operation setting unit 211 releases the lane marking and the first lane L1 is set as the road parking lot on the roadside display device 103. Display that it is not functioning.
- the operation setting unit 211 permits the start of execution of the parking determination operation and the abnormality determination operation described below when a setting indicating that the first lane L1 is not allowed to function as a road parking lot is input. On the other hand, when setting indicating that the first lane L1 is not allowed to function as a road parking lot is input, the operation setting unit 211 prohibits the start of the following parking determination operation and abnormality determination operation.
- the parking determination operation is an operation in which the parking management device 107 determines whether or not the vehicle C is parked in the parking space PS and performs a charging process on the vehicle C parked in the parking space PS.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the parking determination operation according to the first embodiment.
- the parking management device 107 starts the parking determination operation illustrated in FIG.
- the parking determination operation is executed in parallel for each vehicle ID read by the first antenna 101. That is, when the parking management device 107 has already executed the parking determination operation for the first vehicle ID and the first antenna 101 reads the second vehicle ID, the parking management device 107
- the parking determination operation for the vehicle ID and the parking determination operation for the second vehicle ID are executed in parallel.
- the ID acquisition unit 201 of the parking management device 107 acquires a vehicle ID from the first antenna 101 (step S301).
- the parking determination unit 203 starts measuring the elapsed time from the time when the ID acquisition unit 201 acquires the vehicle ID (step S302).
- the parking determination unit 203 determines whether or not the measured elapsed time exceeds a predetermined passage determination time (for example, 5 minutes) (step S303).
- the parking determination unit 203 determines whether the ID acquisition unit 201 has acquired the same vehicle ID from the second antenna 104. Is determined (step S304). That is, the parking determination unit 203 determines whether or not the same vehicle ID is read again by the second antenna 104 during the passage determination time from the time when the first antenna 101 reads the vehicle ID.
- the parking management device 107 ends the parking determination operation without performing the charging process. This is because the vehicle C passes through the parking area PA without parking in the parking area PA.
- the parking determination unit 203 performs parking based on the detection result acquired by the detection result acquisition unit 202. It is determined whether or not a new vehicle C has been detected in the space PS (step S305). Specifically, the parking determination unit 203 sets a new vehicle in the parking space PS when the previous detection result indicates that there is no vehicle and the current detection result indicates that there is a vehicle. It is determined that C is detected. When a new vehicle C is not detected in the parking space PS (step S305: NO), the parking management device 107 returns the process to step S303 and determines again whether or not the passage determination time has elapsed.
- step S305 when a new vehicle C is detected in the parking space PS (step S305: YES), the parking determination unit 203 determines that the vehicle C indicated by the vehicle ID acquired in step S301 is parked in the parking space PS.
- the parking determination unit 203 associates the vehicle ID with the time when the vehicle ID was read by the first antenna 101 and adds the vehicle ID to the stay list storage unit 204 (step S306).
- the billing amount specifying unit 205 determines whether or not the ID acquisition unit 201 has acquired the same vehicle ID from step S301 from the second antenna 104 (step S307).
- the billing amount specifying unit 205 repeats the determination in step S307 until the same vehicle ID is acquired.
- the billing amount specifying unit 205 is stored in the stay list storage unit 204 in association with the vehicle ID. The time from the reading time of the vehicle ID by the antenna 101 to the reading time of the vehicle ID by the second antenna 104 is specified.
- the billing amount specifying unit 205 calculates a parking fee based on the specified time (step S308).
- the billing processing unit 206 communicates with the central settlement processing apparatus 108 and executes billing processing based on the parking fee calculated by the billing amount specifying unit 205 (step S309).
- the billing amount specifying unit 205 deletes the vehicle ID acquired in step S301 from the staying list storage unit 204 (step S310), and ends the parking determination operation.
- step S303: YES when the elapsed time from the time when the ID acquisition unit 201 acquires the vehicle ID exceeds the passage determination time in step S303 (step S303: YES), the alarm notification unit 210 notifies the attendant of an alarm (step S311). ). That is, the alarm notification unit 210 notifies an alarm when the second vehicle 104 does not read the same vehicle ID as in step S301 and no new vehicle C is detected in the parking space PS within the passage determination time. This is because the vehicle C stays in the parking area PA without parking in the parking space PS. As an example of the state where the vehicle C stays in the parking area PA without parking in the parking space PS, the vehicle C is parked in a place other than the parking space PS, and there is no empty parking space PS.
- the vehicle C may continue to travel in the parking area PA.
- the vehicle C When the vehicle C is parked in a place other than the parking space PS, there is a possibility that the other vehicle C is prevented from passing by the vehicle C.
- the attendant needs to receive an explanation of the situation from the driver.
- the attendant checks the images of the first camera 102 and the second camera 105 displayed on the display of the parking management device 107, goes to the parking area PA, and makes contact with the driver of the corresponding vehicle C. Plan.
- the abnormality determination operation by the parking management device 107 will be described.
- the parking management device 107 detects an abnormal state such as a state in which the vehicle C inappropriate for the parking space PS is parked or a state in which the vehicle C is parked in a place other than the parking space PS. Then, an alarm is notified.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the abnormality determination operation according to the first embodiment.
- the parking management device 107 starts the abnormality determination operation shown in FIG. 4 in accordance with a predetermined execution cycle of the parking determination operation.
- the abnormality determination unit 209 starts measuring the elapsed time from the start time of the abnormality determination operation (step S401).
- the staying number specifying unit 208 calculates the number of vehicle IDs stored in the staying list storage unit 204 (step S402).
- the parking number specifying unit 207 calculates the number of vehicles C parked in the parking space PS based on the detection result of each vehicle detection device 106 (step S403). Specifically, the number-of-parking specifying unit 207 calculates, as the number of vehicles C parked, the number of the plurality of vehicle detection devices 106 whose detection result indicates that there is a vehicle.
- the abnormality determination unit 209 determines whether or not the number of vehicle IDs calculated by the staying number specifying unit 208 matches the number of vehicles C calculated by the parking number specifying unit 207 (step S404). When the number of vehicle IDs and the number of vehicles C do not match (step S404: NO), the abnormality determination unit 209 determines an elapsed time from the start time of the abnormality determination operation as a predetermined abnormality determination time (for example, 5 minutes). ) Is exceeded (step S405). When the elapsed time from the start time of the abnormality determination operation does not exceed the abnormality determination time (step S405: NO), the parking management device 107 returns the process to step S404, and again determines the number of vehicle IDs and the number of vehicles C.
- a predetermined abnormality determination time for example, 5 minutes.
- step S405 when the elapsed time from the start time of the abnormality determination operation has exceeded the abnormality determination time without the number of vehicle IDs and the number of vehicles C matching (step S405: YES), the abnormality determination unit 209 determines that an abnormality has occurred. It is determined that it has occurred. And the alarm notification part 210 notifies an attendant of an alarm (step S406).
- the state in which the number of vehicle IDs stored in the stay list storage unit 204 does not match the number of vehicles C in the parking space PS is a state in which the number of vehicle IDs is greater than the number of vehicles C, or the number of vehicle IDs is that of the vehicle C.
- the state in which the number of vehicle IDs is greater than the number of vehicles C is a state in which there is a vehicle C staying in the parking area PA without parking in the parking space PS. In this case, as described above, there is a possibility that the other vehicle C is prevented from passing by the vehicle C.
- the state where the number of vehicle IDs is smaller than the number of vehicles C is a state where the vehicle C that does not have the vehicle-mounted device CE is parked in the parking space PS.
- the payment processing by the central payment processing apparatus 108 cannot be performed, and the charge amount cannot be calculated based on the reading time of the vehicle ID, so there is a possibility that the parking fee cannot be collected from the vehicle C.
- the parking management system 1 which concerns on this embodiment permits the parking to parking space PS only to the vehicle C provided with the onboard equipment CE. That is, the vehicle C parked in the parking space PS without providing the vehicle-mounted device CE is an unauthorized parking vehicle.
- the attendant checks the images of the first camera 102 and the second camera 105 displayed on the display of the parking management device 107, goes to the parking area PA, and makes contact with the driver of the corresponding vehicle C. Plan.
- the parking management system 1 does not read the same vehicle ID (ID related to the same vehicle) again during the passage determination time from the time when the first vehicle ID is read, and passes.
- a new vehicle C is detected in the parking space PS during the determination time, it is determined that the vehicle C indicated by the vehicle ID is parked in the parking space PS.
- the parking management system 1 can determine whether the vehicle C that has entered the parking area PA is parked in an appropriate parking space PS.
- a parking space is defined in advance. In such a parking lot, the vehicle C is required to park in a parking space.
- the parking management system 1 can determine whether or not the vehicle C is parked in an appropriate parking space PS.
- the parking management system 1 reads the parking fee of the vehicle C determined to be parked in the parking space PS again (and then again) from the time when it was first read. Specify based on time to time. Thereby, the parking management system 1 can charge the parking fee according to the time from the entrance time to the parking area PA to the exit time for the vehicle C determined to be parked in the parking space PS.
- the parking management system 1 includes the number of vehicle IDs that are not read again during the passage determination time from the time when they are first read, and the number of parking spaces PS in which the vehicle C is detected. Is determined to be abnormal when the difference is more than the abnormality determination time. Thereby, the parking management system 1 has an abnormality when the vehicle C that cannot read the vehicle ID is parked in the parking space PS and when the vehicle C is parked in a place other than the parking space PS. Can be determined.
- the parking area PA is a section of the roadway
- the parking space PS is a part of the section
- the first antenna 101 is provided at the boundary on the upstream side of the section
- a second antenna 104 is provided on the side boundary.
- the parking management system 1 which concerns on this embodiment charges the parking fee according to the time from the entrance time to the parking area PA to the exit time with respect to the vehicle C, it is not restricted to this.
- the parking management system 1 according to another embodiment may charge a fixed parking fee regardless of the parking time.
- the parking management system 1 which concerns on this embodiment determines the presence or absence of abnormality based on the number of vehicle ID which the stay list memory
- an attendant may identify an abnormality by constantly monitoring the images of the first camera 102 and the second camera 105.
- the parking management system 1 which concerns on this embodiment permits the parking of the vehicle C in which the onboard equipment CE was installed, it is not restricted to this.
- the parking management system 1 may permit parking of only the vehicle C indicated by the vehicle ID registered in the parking management device 107 in advance. If the vehicle ID read by the first antenna 101 does not match the vehicle ID registered in advance, the parking management device 107 advances the process to step S311 and notifies the attendant of an alarm. The user can apply for the use of the parking area PA using the vehicle-mounted device CE.
- the parking management system 1 monitors the lane with the first camera 102 and the second camera 105, but is not limited thereto.
- the parking management system 1 according to another embodiment may further include a PTZ (Pan Tilt Zoom) camera in addition to the first camera 102 and the second camera 105.
- PTZ Pan Tilt Zoom
- the parking determination unit 203 determines that the vehicle C is parked in the parking space PS, and the abnormality determination unit 209 determines that an abnormality has occurred. Next, the vehicle C is focused and the license plate, vehicle type, and vehicle color are collated.
- the parking management system 1 may not include at least one of the first camera 102 and the second camera 105.
- the parking management device 107 may detect the vehicle C staying in a place other than the parking space PS for a certain time or more by image processing of the first camera 102, the second camera 105, or the PTZ camera. The parking management device 107 notifies the staff of the stay of the vehicle C. Thereby, the parking management apparatus 107 can detect stay of the vehicle which does not have the vehicle equipment CE.
- a staff member is resident in the manned booth B, but is not limited thereto.
- the alarm by the alarm notification unit 210 is notified to the communication terminal carried by the attendant.
- alarms may be notified in the order close to the current position of the attendant or in the order of severity.
- the parking management system 1 according to the first embodiment is a system that manages a parking area PA provided on a roadway whose traveling direction is one direction.
- the parking management system 1 according to the second embodiment is a system that manages a parking area PA provided with only one entrance.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a parking management system according to the second embodiment.
- the parking management system 1 according to the second embodiment is a system that charges a parking fee for the vehicle C parked in the parking space PS in the parking area PA in the parking area PA provided outside the road.
- the management area of the parking management system 1 is configured by one parking area PA, and the management area and the parking area PA coincide with each other.
- Each parking space PS is delimited by a lane marking.
- the parking management system 1 according to the second embodiment permits parking of the vehicle C equipped with an RFID tag CT (Radio Frequency IDentifier) that stores a user ID.
- the RFID tag CT is a tag that is lent or transferred by a contract with an administrator of the parking management system 1.
- the parking management system 1 includes an RFID antenna 501, a camera 502, a vehicle detection device 106, and a parking management device 107.
- the RFID antenna 501 and the camera 502 are installed on a pole provided in the vicinity of the boundary of the entrance / exit of the parking area PA.
- the vehicle detection device 106 is installed at the center of each parking space PS divided into parking areas PA.
- the RFID antenna 501 performs wireless communication with the RFID tag CT provided in the vehicle C entering or leaving the parking area PA. That is, the RFID antenna 501 is installed so that the boundary of the parking area PA at the entrance is included in the communication range R3. Note that the RFID tag CT is a read-only device, and information cannot be written by the RFID antenna 501.
- the RFID antenna 501 reads the user ID from the RFID tag CT.
- the RFID antenna 501 is an example of a reading device that reads identification information for identifying the vehicle C from an identification body (RFID tag CT) mounted on the vehicle C entering the boundary of the management area.
- the camera 502 images the parking space PS in the parking area PA.
- the vehicle detection device 106 detects the vehicle C present in the parking space PS in which the vehicle detection device 106 is provided.
- the parking management device 107 acquires information from the RFID antenna 501 and the vehicle detection device 106, and performs a charging process for the vehicle C parked in the parking space PS.
- the parking management device 107 determines whether or not an inappropriate vehicle C is parked in the parking space PS.
- the determination result is displayed on a communication terminal carried by the administrator of the parking management system 1.
- the parking management apparatus 107 displays the image
- FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the parking management device according to the second embodiment.
- the parking management apparatus 107 according to the second embodiment further includes an entry list storage unit 601 and a billing method storage unit 602 in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment.
- the entry list storage unit 601 stores the user ID of the vehicle C that has entered the parking area PA and has not been determined to stay.
- the charging method storage unit 602 stores a user ID for identifying a user who has a parking contract and a charging method for the user in association with each other. Examples of billing methods include a credit card number (payment by credit card), a bank account number (bank debit), and an address (sending a transfer invoice).
- the parking management device 107 is different from the first embodiment in the operations of the ID acquisition unit 201, the parking determination unit 203, and the charging processing unit 206.
- the ID acquisition unit 201 acquires a user ID read from the RFID antenna 501 by communication with the RFID tag CT.
- the parking determination unit 203 determines whether or not the vehicle C is parked in the parking space PS based on the user ID acquired by the ID acquisition unit 201 and the detection result of the vehicle detection device 106 acquired by the detection result acquisition unit 202. Determine.
- the charging processing unit 206 performs a charging process for the parking fee specified by the charging amount specifying unit 205 according to the charging method stored in the charging method storage unit 602.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a parking determination operation according to the second embodiment.
- the parking management device 107 executes the parking determination operation shown in FIG. 7 according to a predetermined execution cycle of the parking determination operation.
- the parking determination unit 203 determines whether the ID acquisition unit 201 has acquired a user ID from the RFID antenna 501 (step S701).
- the parking determination unit 203 determines whether or not the user ID is already recorded in the staying list storage unit 204 (step S702). .
- step S703 the parking determination unit 203 determines whether or not the user ID is already recorded in the entry list storage unit 601. Determination is made (step S703). That is, the parking determination unit 203 determines whether the acquired user ID has been read for the first time or has been read again based on the determinations in step S702 and step S703.
- step S703 the parking determination unit 203 associates the user ID with the reading time. It records in the approach list memory
- the parking determination unit 203 determines whether a new vehicle C has been detected in the parking space PS based on the detection result acquired by the detection result acquisition unit 202 (step S705).
- the parking determination unit 203 determines whether a user ID is stored in the entry list storage unit 601 (step S706). As described above, since the entry list storage unit 601 stores the user ID of the vehicle C that enters the parking area PA and does not stay, the parking determination unit 203 stores the user ID in the entry list storage unit 601.
- the parking determination unit 203 stores the user ID in the entry list storage unit 601.
- step S706 When a new vehicle C is detected in the parking space PS and the user ID is stored in the entry list storage unit 601 (step S706: YES), the parking determination unit 203 uses the entry list storage unit 601 to store. Among the user IDs, the oldest associated reading time is moved to the staying list storage unit 204 (step S707).
- “move user ID” from the entry list storage unit 601 to the stay list storage unit 204 means that the combination of the user ID and the reading time stored in the entry list storage unit 601 is deleted and the combination is retained. It means recording in the list storage unit 204.
- step S705 when a new vehicle C is not detected in the parking space PS (step S705: NO), when the user ID is not stored in the entry list storage unit 601 (step S706: NO), or in the staying list storage unit 204
- the parking determination unit 203 determines whether or not the entry list storage unit 601 has a user ID associated with a reading time that is more than the passage determination time before the current time (step). S708). If there is a user ID associated with the reading time that is more than the passage determination time before the current time in the entry list storage unit 601 (step S708: YES), the alarm notification unit 210 notifies the administrator of an alarm (step) S709).
- the alarm notification unit 210 does not read the same vehicle ID again within the passage determination time from the time when the RFID antenna 501 first reads the user ID, and the new vehicle C is not detected in the parking space PS. Notify the alarm. This is because the vehicle C stays in the parking area PA without parking in the parking space PS.
- the parking determination unit 203 deletes the user ID from the entry list storage unit 601 (step S710). When there is no user ID associated with the reading time that is more than the passage determination time before the current time in the entry list storage unit 601 (step S708: NO), or the user ID is deleted from the entry list storage unit 601 in step S710 When it does, the parking management apparatus 107 complete
- step S702 when the user ID acquired in step S701 is recorded in the staying list storage unit 204 in step S702 (step S702: YES), the charge amount specifying unit 205 is configured so that the staying list storage unit 204 has the user.
- the time from the reading time stored in association with the ID to the reading time of the user ID acquired in step S701 is specified.
- the billing amount specifying unit 205 calculates a parking fee based on the specified time (step S711).
- the billing processing unit 206 reads the billing method associated with the user ID from the billing method storage unit 602, and executes billing processing with the parking fee calculated by the billing amount specifying unit 205 according to the billing method ( Step S712).
- the billing amount specifying unit 205 deletes the vehicle ID acquired in step S701 from the staying list storage unit 204 (step S713), and the process proceeds to step S705.
- step S703 when the user ID acquired in step S701 is recorded in the entry list storage unit 601 (step S703: YES), the parking determination unit 203 uses the user ID as the entry list storage unit 601. (Step S714), and the process proceeds to step S705.
- the abnormality determination operation according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the parking management system 1 records, in the entry list storage unit 601, the user ID for which the passage determination time has not elapsed since the first reading.
- step S710 described above the user ID for which the parking determination time has elapsed without the new vehicle C being detected in the parking space PS since it was first read is deleted from the entry list storage unit 601.
- step S714 described above the user ID read again before the parking determination time elapses after being read first is deleted from the entry list storage unit 601.
- the user ID in which a new vehicle C is detected in the parking space PS during the parking determination time after first being read is transferred from the entry list storage unit 601 to the staying list storage unit 204. Moved. Thereby, even when the traveling direction of the vehicle C at the boundary of the parking area PA is not one direction, it can be determined whether or not the vehicle C entering the parking area PA is parked in the appropriate parking space PS.
- parking area PA which concerns on this embodiment is provided outside the road, and only one entrance was provided, it is not restricted to this.
- the parking area PA according to another embodiment may be provided in a section having a branch on the roadway, that is, a parking area PA having three or more boundaries. In this case, it is determined whether or not the vehicle C entering the parking area PA is parked in the appropriate parking space PS by the parking determination operation according to the present embodiment by providing an antenna having a communication range at each boundary. can do.
- parking area PA which concerns on other embodiment may be provided in one division of the roadway of both sides 4 lanes.
- the parking management system 1 which concerns on this embodiment is provided with the RFID antenna 501, it is not restricted to this.
- the parking management system 1 may include an antenna for DSRC communication, BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy, Bluetooth is a registered trademark), instead of the RFID antenna 501. That is, the communication method between the parking management system 1 and the vehicle C is not limited to RFID.
- BLE Bluetooth Low Energy, Bluetooth is a registered trademark
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a parking management system according to the third embodiment.
- the management area of the parking management system 1 is comprised by one parking area PA, and the management area and parking area PA correspond.
- the management area MA of the parking management system 1 is composed of two parking areas PA.
- the management area MA includes a first parking area PA1 that is an upstream parking area and a second parking area PA2 that is a downstream parking area.
- the parking management system 1 further includes a third antenna 801 in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment.
- the third antenna 801 is installed on a pole provided in the vicinity of the boundary between the first parking area PA1 and the second parking area PA2.
- the third antenna 801 performs wireless communication with the vehicle-mounted device CE mounted on the vehicle C moving from the first parking area PA1 to the second parking area PA2. That is, the third antenna 801 is installed so that the boundary between the first parking area PA1 and the second parking area PA2 is included in the communication range R4.
- the third antenna 801 is an example of a sub-reading device that reads identification information from an identification body (vehicle-mounted device CE) mounted on the vehicle C entering the boundary of the parking area PA.
- the communication range R1 of the first antenna 101 includes an upstream boundary of the management area MA, that is, an upstream boundary of the first parking area PA1. Further, the communication range R2 of the second antenna 104 includes a boundary on the downstream side of the management area MA, that is, a boundary on the downstream side of the second parking area PA2.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the parking management device according to the third embodiment.
- the parking management apparatus 107 according to the third embodiment further includes a parking area specifying unit 901, a notification destination storage unit 902, and a parking area notification unit 903 in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment.
- the parking area specifying unit 901 includes a parking space PS in which the vehicle C is parked based on whether the vehicle ID of the vehicle C determined to be parked by the parking determination unit 203 is read by the third antenna 801.
- the area PA is specified.
- the notification destination storage unit 902 stores the vehicle ID and the contact information (for example, mail address) of the driver of the vehicle C indicated by the vehicle ID in association with each other.
- the parking area notification unit 903 notifies the contact information stored in the notification destination storage unit 902 of the identification information of the parking area PA specified by the parking area specification unit 901.
- the parking determination operation and the abnormality determination operation according to the third embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the parking management device 107 according to the third embodiment performs the following area notification operation when the vehicle ID is recorded in the staying list storage unit 204 in step S306 in the parking determination operation according to the first embodiment. Execute.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an area notification operation according to the third embodiment.
- the parking area specifying unit 901 sets the third vehicle ID of the vehicle C determined that the ID acquisition unit 201 has parked by the parking determination unit 203 before step S306. It is determined whether it is acquired from the antenna 801 (step S1001). That is, the parking area specifying unit 901 determines whether or not the same vehicle ID is read again by the third antenna 801 during the passage determination time from the time when the first antenna 101 reads the vehicle ID.
- step S1001 determines that the vehicle C is parked in the first parking area PA1 (Step S1002).
- step S1001 determines that the vehicle C is parked in the second parking area PA2.
- the parking area notifying unit 903 reads out the contact information associated with the vehicle ID from the notification destination storage unit 902 (step S1004).
- the parking area notification unit 903 notifies the read contact information of the identification information of the parking area PA specified by the parking area specifying unit 901 (step S1005).
- the parking management system 1 determines the parking area PA where the vehicle C is parked based on the reading result of the vehicle ID by the third antenna 801 provided at the boundary between the plurality of parking areas. Identify. Thereby, the user of the parking management system 1 can recognize in which parking area PA his / her vehicle C is parked by receiving notification of the parking area PA specified by the parking management system 1. If the mail address of the user's communication terminal is specified as the notification destination, the parking system operator and the service member store will receive a discount by presenting the identification information of the parking area PA received by the communication terminal.
- a parking lot special treatment service such as
- management area MA which concerns on this embodiment is comprised by two parking area PA, it is not restricted to this.
- the management area MA may be configured by three or more parking areas PA.
- a sub-reading device corresponding to the third antenna 801 is provided at the boundary of each parking area PA.
- the parking area specifying unit 901 can specify the parking area PA based on the number of readings by the sub-reading device, not the presence or absence of reading. For example, when the sub-reading device reads the same vehicle ID twice, the parking area specifying unit 901 determines that the vehicle C indicated by the vehicle ID is parked in the third parking area PA from the upstream.
- the parking area specifying unit 901 specifies the parking area PA based on the identification information of the sub-reading device that has read the same vehicle ID at the end, not the number of readings by the sub-reading device. Also good.
- a non-contact charger for EV may be embedded in the parking space PS.
- the non-contact charger may be used for running charging.
- the parking management system 1 includes an ETC (Electronic Toll Collection System (registered trademark), “electronic toll collection system”, “automatic toll collection system”), ERP (Electronic Toll Road Pricing), Alternatively, it may be linked with other toll road billing systems. For example, the parking management system 1 may notify the other charging system of the parking time of the vehicle C, and a discount corresponding to the parking time may be given in the other charging system. In another billing system, a part of the parking fee charged by the parking management system 1 may be used for a toll road parking fee. This is because parking in the parking area PA can be regarded as a contribution to alleviating traffic congestion on toll roads.
- ETC Electronic Toll Collection System
- ERP Electronic Toll Road Pricing
- the parking management system 1 includes antennas (first antenna 101, second antenna 104, third antenna 801, and RFID antenna 501), and acquires identification information from the vehicle-mounted device CE or the RFID tag CT.
- antennas first antenna 101, second antenna 104, third antenna 801, and RFID antenna 501
- a license plate recognition device may be provided instead of the antenna.
- the billing processing unit 206 performs billing processing according to a billing method associated with the number of the license plate in advance. That is, the number of the license plate is an example of identification information.
- the parking management system 1 may cooperate with the vehicle C having a garage entry function by automatic driving. Specifically, the parking management system 1 transmits the availability of the parking space PS and information in the parking lot to the vehicle C via the first antenna 101. After the communication with the first antenna 101 is made, the vehicle C parks in the parking space PS by automatic driving based on the received information. Thereby, the parking management system 1 can implement
- FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a configuration of a computer according to at least one embodiment.
- a computer 1100 includes a CPU 1101, a main storage device 1102, an auxiliary storage device 1103, and an interface 1104.
- the parking management device 107 described above is mounted on the computer 1100.
- the operation of each processing unit described above is stored in the auxiliary storage device 1103 in the form of a program.
- the CPU 1101 reads out the program from the auxiliary storage device 1103, develops it in the main storage device 1102, and executes the above processing according to the program. Further, the CPU 1101 secures a storage area corresponding to each storage unit described above in the main storage device 1102 according to the program.
- the auxiliary storage device 1103 is an example of a tangible medium that is not temporary.
- Other examples of non-temporary tangible media include magnetic disk, magneto-optical disk, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disc Read Only Memory) connected via interface 1104 And semiconductor memory.
- the program may be for realizing a part of the functions described above. Further, the program may be a so-called difference file (difference program) that realizes the above-described function in combination with another program already stored in the auxiliary storage device 1103.
- difference file difference program
- parking management is possible with a simple structure.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2016年03月31日に日本に出願された特願2016-073498号について優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
本発明の目的は、簡易な構造により、駐車管理が可能な駐車管理システムおよび駐車管理方法を提供することにある。
同一の識別情報が、読取装置によって最初に読み取られた時刻から通過判定時間の間に再度読み取られる場合、当該識別情報が示す車両は、管理エリアに入った後、管理エリア内で駐車することなく管理エリアから退出していると判定される。他方、通過判定時間の間に駐車スペースに車両が検出された場合には、当該車両は、駐車スペースに駐車していると判定される。従って、簡易な構造によって駐車管理が可能となる。
これにより、第2の態様に係る駐車管理システムは、駐車スペースに駐車されたと判定された車両に対し、入場時刻から退場時刻までの時間に応じた駐車料金を課金することができる。
これにより、第3の態様に係る駐車管理システムは、管理エリアのうち車両が駐車する駐車エリアを特定することができる。
これにより、第4の態様に係る駐車管理システムは、読取装置によって識別情報を読み取ることができない車両が駐車スペースに駐車している場合、および車両が駐車スペース以外の場所に駐車している場合に、異常が生じていると判定することができる。
これにより、第5の態様に係る駐車管理システムは、車両が一の境界から流入し、他の境界から流出する管理エリアにおいて、駐車スペースへの駐車の有無を適切に判定することができる。
これにより、第6の態様に係る駐車管理システムは、車道の一部を路上駐車場として利用できる。
以下、第1の実施形態に係る駐車管理システムについて、図面を参照しながら詳しく説明する。
図1は、第1の実施形態に係る駐車管理システムの全体構成を示す図である。第1の実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、第1車線L1および第2車線L2からなる片側二車線の車道のうち第1車線L1の一区画に設定された駐車エリアPAにおいて、駐車エリアPA内の駐車スペースPSに駐車した車両Cに対し駐車料金を課金するシステムである。本実施形態では、駐車管理システム1の管理エリアが1つの駐車エリアPAによって構成されており、管理エリアと駐車エリアPAとが一致する。第1の実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、車両IDを格納する車載器CEが搭載された車両Cの駐車を許可する。
第1アンテナ101、第1カメラ102および路側表示装置103は、駐車エリアPAの上流側(進行方向手前側、図1における-Y方向側)の境界(入口側境界)の近傍に設けられたポールに設置される。第2アンテナ104および第2カメラ105は、駐車エリアPAの下流側(進行方向奥側、図1における+Y方向側)の境界(出口側境界)の近傍に設けられたポールに設置される。車両検出装置106は、駐車エリアPAに区分された各駐車スペースPSの中央に設置される。駐車管理装置107は、駐車エリアPAの路側に設けられた有人ブースB内に設置される。なお、他の実施形態において路側に有人ブースBが設けられない場合、駐車管理装置107が路側エリア、路側構造物、または遠隔地Iに設置されてもよい。中央決済処理装置108は、遠隔地Iに設置される。
第1カメラ102は、駐車エリアPA内の駐車スペースPSおよび通行車線を、駐車エリアPAの上流側から撮影する。
路側表示装置103は、第1車線L1の路上駐車場としての運用状況を示す情報を表示する。運用状況を示す情報の例としては、第1車線L1が路上駐車場として機能しているか否か、および駐車スペースPSの空き数が挙げられる。路側表示装置103は、例えばVMS(Variable Message Sign)などによって実現される。
第2アンテナ104は、駐車エリアPAの下流側の境界を通過する車両Cに搭載された車載器CEとの無線通信を行う。つまり、第2アンテナ104は、通信範囲R2に駐車エリアPAの下流側の境界が含まれるように設置される。第2アンテナ104は、車載器CEから車両Cを識別する車両IDを読み取る。第2アンテナ104は、管理エリアの境界に進入する車両Cに搭載された識別体(車載器CE)から車両Cを識別する識別情報を読み取る読取装置の一例である。
第2カメラ105は、駐車エリアPA内の駐車スペースPSおよび通行車線を、駐車エリアPAの下流側から撮影する。
車両検出装置106は、自身が設けられた駐車スペースPSに存在する車両Cを検出する。車両検出装置106は、例えば、超音波センサ、磁気センサ(ループコイル)などによって実現される。
駐車管理装置107は、第1アンテナ101、第2アンテナ104および車両検出装置106から情報を取得し、駐車スペースPSに駐車している車両Cに対し、課金処理を行う。また駐車管理装置107は、駐車スペースPSに不適切な車両Cが駐車しているか否かを判定する。判定結果は、駐車管理装置107のディスプレイに表示されることで、有人ブースBで待機する係員に通知される。また、駐車管理装置107は、第1カメラ102および第2カメラ105が撮影した映像をディスプレイに表示する。係員は、第1カメラ102および第2カメラ105の映像を監視することで、駐車スペースPSへの物体の投棄および二輪車の進入、ならびに第2車線L2への車両Cの停車を監視する。
中央決済処理装置108は、クレジットカード会社等を通じて、駐車管理装置107から受け付けた駐車料金に応じた電子決済処理を行う。
図2は、第1の実施形態に係る駐車管理装置の機能構成を示す概略ブロック図である。 駐車管理装置107は、ID取得部201、検出結果取得部202、駐車判定部203、滞留リスト記憶部204、課金額特定部205、課金処理部206、駐車数特定部207、滞留数特定部208、異常判定部209、アラーム通知部210、運用設定部211を備える。
検出結果取得部202は、各車両検出装置106から、車両Cの検出結果を取得する。 駐車判定部203は、ID取得部201が取得した車両IDと検出結果取得部202が取得した車両検出装置106の検出結果とに基づいて、駐車スペースPSに車両Cが駐車しているか否かを判定する。
滞留リスト記憶部204は、駐車エリアPAに滞留している車両Cの車両IDを記憶する。ここで、「駐車エリアPAに滞留する」とは、車両Cが駐車エリアPAを通過せずに駐車エリアPA内に残っている状態をいう。駐車は滞留の一形態である。
課金処理部206は、中央決済処理装置108と通信し、課金額特定部205が特定した駐車料金の課金処理を行う。
滞留数特定部208は、滞留リスト記憶部204が記憶する車両IDの数(すなわち、車両IDに係る車両の数)を算出する。
異常判定部209は、予め定められた異常判定時間の間、駐車数特定部207が特定した車両Cの数と滞留数特定部208が特定した車両IDの数とが一致しない場合に、異常が発生していると判定する。なお、「車両IDの数」としては、種類が異なる複数の車両IDが検出されたとしても、その内の一種類の車両IDに着目して扱うものとし、それが同一の車両に関するものであれば1つとカウントする。なお、車両IDとして、種類が異なる複数の車両IDが存在する場合において、それの全ての種類の車両IDに着目する扱いとしてもよく、その場合において、それらの複数種類の車両IDを、同一車両に関するものにつき、まとめて1つとカウントしてもよい。
アラーム通知部210は、ディスプレイにアラームを表示することで、係員に異常の発生を通知する。
ここで、駐車管理装置107による駐車判定動作について説明する。駐車判定動作とは、駐車管理装置107が、車両Cが駐車スペースPSに駐車しているか否かを判定し、駐車スペースPSに駐車している車両Cに課金処理を行う動作である。
駐車管理装置107は、ID取得部201が第1アンテナ101から車両IDを取得したときに、図3に示す駐車判定動作を開始する。駐車判定動作は、第1アンテナ101が読み取った車両IDそれぞれについて並列に実行される。つまり、駐車管理装置107が既に第1の車両IDについての駐車判定動作を実行しているときに、第1アンテナ101が第2の車両IDを読み取った場合、駐車管理装置107は、第1の車両IDについての駐車判定動作と第2の車両IDについての駐車判定動作を並列して実行する。
ここで、駐車管理装置107による異常判定動作について説明する。異常判定動作とは、駐車管理装置107が、駐車スペースPSに不適切な車両Cが駐車している状態、駐車スペースPS以外の場所に車両Cが駐車している状態などの異常な状態を検出してアラームを通知する動作である。
駐車管理装置107は、予め定められた駐車判定動作の実行周期に従って、図4に示す異常判定動作を開始する。駐車管理装置107が異常判定動作を開始すると、異常判定部209は、異常判定動作の開始時刻からの経過時間の計測を開始する(ステップS401)。滞留数特定部208は、滞留リスト記憶部204が記憶する車両IDの数を算出する(ステップS402)。また駐車数特定部207は、各車両検出装置106の検出結果に基づいて、駐車スペースPSに駐車している車両Cの数を算出する(ステップS403)。具体的には、駐車数特定部207は、複数の車両検出装置106のうち、検出結果が車両ありを示すものの数を、駐車している車両Cの数として算出する。
車両IDの数が車両Cの数より多い状態は、駐車スペースPSに駐車せずに駐車エリアPAに滞留している車両Cが存在する状態である。この場合、上述したように、当該車両Cによって他の車両Cの通行が妨げられる可能性がある。
他方、車両IDの数が車両Cの数より少ない状態は、車載器CEを有しない車両Cが駐車スペースPSに駐車している状態である。この場合、中央決済処理装置108による決済処理ができず、また車両IDの読み取り時刻に基づく課金額の算出ができないため、当該車両Cから駐車料金を徴収することができない可能性がある。なお、本実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、車載器CEを備える車両Cのみに駐車スペースPSへの駐車を許可する。つまり、車載器CEを備えずに駐車スペースPSに駐車する車両Cは、不正駐車車両である。
このように、本実施形態によれば、駐車管理システム1は、同一の車両ID(同一の車両に係るID)が、最初に読み取られた時刻から通過判定時間の間に再度読み取られず、かつ通過判定時間の間に駐車スペースPSに新たな車両Cが検出された場合に、当該車両IDが示す車両Cが駐車スペースPSに駐車したと判定する。これにより、駐車管理システム1は、駐車エリアPAに入場した車両Cが適切な駐車スペースPSに駐車しているか否かを判定することができる。
ところで、一般的な駐車場には、予め駐車スペースが規定されている。このような駐車場において、車両Cには、駐車スペースに収まるように駐車することが求められる。これは、車両Cが規定された駐車スペース以外の場所に駐車することにより、他の車両の通行が妨げられる可能性があるためである。上記の特許文献1に記載の技術のように、駐車場の入場および退場のみを監視する場合、車両が規定された駐車スペースに駐車しているか否かを認識することができない。これに対し、本実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、車両Cが適切な駐車スペースPSに駐車しているか否かを判定することができる。
なお、本実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、車両Cに対し駐車エリアPAへの入場時刻から退場時刻までの時間に応じた駐車料金を課金するが、これに限られない。例えば、他の実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、駐車時間によらず一定の駐車料金を課金してもよい。
以下、第2の実施形態に係る駐車管理システムについて、図面を参照しながら詳しく説明する。第1の実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、進行方向が一方向の車道に設けられた駐車エリアPAを管理するシステムである。これに対し、第2の実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、出入口が1か所だけ設けられた駐車エリアPAを管理するシステムである。
図5は、第2の実施形態に係る駐車管理システムの全体構成を示す図である。第2の実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、路外に設けられた駐車エリアPAにおいて、駐車エリアPA内の駐車スペースPSに駐車した車両Cに対し駐車料金を課金するシステムである。本実施形態では、駐車管理システム1の管理エリアが1つの駐車エリアPAによって構成されており、管理エリアと駐車エリアPAとが一致する。各駐車スペースPSは、区画線により区切られている。第2の実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、利用者IDを格納するRFIDタグCT(Radio Frequency IDentifier)が備えられた車両Cの駐車を許可する。RFIDタグCTは、駐車管理システム1の管理者との契約により貸与または譲渡されるタグである。
RFIDアンテナ501およびカメラ502は、駐車エリアPAの出入口の境界の近傍に設けられたポールに設置される。車両検出装置106は、駐車エリアPAに区分された各駐車スペースPSの中央に設置される。
車両検出装置106は、自身が設けられた駐車スペースPSに存在する車両Cを検出する。
また駐車管理装置107は、駐車スペースPSに不適切な車両Cが駐車しているか否かを判定する。判定結果は、駐車管理システム1の管理者が携帯する通信端末に表示される。また、駐車管理装置107は、管理者の要求に応じて、カメラ502が撮影した映像を通信端末に表示させる。
図6は、第2の実施形態に係る駐車管理装置の機能構成を示す概略ブロック図である。 第2の実施形態に係る駐車管理装置107は、第1の実施形態の構成に加え、さらに進入リスト記憶部601および課金方法記憶部602を備える。
進入リスト記憶部601は、駐車エリアPAに進入した車両Cであって、滞留していると判断されていない車両Cの利用者IDを記憶する。
課金方法記憶部602は、駐車契約が交わされた利用者を識別する利用者IDと、当該利用者に対する課金方法とを関連付けて記憶する。課金方法の例としては、クレジットカード番号(クレジットカード払い)、銀行口座番号(銀行引き落とし)、および住所(振込請求書の送付)が挙げられる。
ID取得部201は、RFIDアンテナ501から、RFIDタグCTとの通信により読み取られた利用者IDを取得する。
駐車判定部203は、ID取得部201が取得した利用者IDと検出結果取得部202が取得した車両検出装置106の検出結果とに基づいて、駐車スペースPSに車両Cが駐車しているか否かを判定する。
課金処理部206は、課金方法記憶部602が記憶する課金方法に従って、課金額特定部205が特定した駐車料金の課金処理を行う。
ここで、駐車管理装置107による駐車判定動作について説明する。
図7は、第2の実施形態に係る駐車判定動作を示すフローチャートである。
駐車管理装置107は、予め定められた駐車判定動作の実行周期に従って、図7に示す駐車判定動作を実行する。
駐車管理装置107が駐車判定動作を開始すると、駐車判定部203は、ID取得部201がRFIDアンテナ501から利用者IDを取得したか否かを判定する(ステップS701)。ID取得部201が利用者IDを取得した場合(ステップS701:YES)、駐車判定部203は、当該利用者IDが既に滞留リスト記憶部204に記録されているか否かを判定する(ステップS702)。取得された利用者IDが滞留リスト記憶部204に記録されていない場合(ステップS702:NO)、駐車判定部203は、当該利用者IDが既に進入リスト記憶部601に記録されているか否かを判定する(ステップS703)。つまり、駐車判定部203は、ステップS702およびステップS703の判定により、取得された利用者IDが初めて読み取られたものであるか、再度読み取られたものであるかを判定する。
取得された利用者IDが滞留リスト記憶部204および進入リスト記憶部601のいずれにも記録されていない場合(ステップS703:NO)、駐車判定部203は、当該利用者IDを読み取り時刻に関連付けて進入リスト記憶部601に記録する(ステップS704)。
進入リスト記憶部601に現在時刻より通過判定時間以上前の読み取り時刻に関連付けられた利用者IDが存在しない場合(ステップS708:NO)、またはステップS710で進入リスト記憶部601から利用者IDを削除した場合、駐車管理装置107は、駐車判定動作を終了する。
第2の実施形態に係る異常判定動作は、第1の実施形態と同様である。
このように、本実施形態によれば、駐車管理システム1は、初めに読み取られてから通過判定時間が経過していない利用者IDを、進入リスト記憶部601に記録する。上述のステップS710で、初めに読み取られてから駐車スペースPSに新たな車両Cが検出されないまま、駐車判定時間が経過した利用者IDは、進入リスト記憶部601から削除される。また、上述のステップS714で、初めに読み取られてから駐車判定時間が経過する前に再度読み取られた利用者IDは、進入リスト記憶部601から削除される。そして、上述のステップS707で、初めに読み取られてから駐車判定時間の間に、駐車スペースPSに新たな車両Cが検出された利用者IDは、進入リスト記憶部601から滞留リスト記憶部204へ移動される。
これにより、駐車エリアPAの境界における車両Cの進行方向が一方向でない場合においても、駐車エリアPAに入場した車両Cが適切な駐車スペースPSに駐車しているか否かを判定することができる。
なお、本実施形態に係る駐車エリアPAは、路外に設けられ、かつ出入口が1か所だけ設けられたものであるが、これに限られない。例えば、他の実施形態に係る駐車エリアPAは、車道のうち分岐を有する区画、すなわち境界が3つ以上存在する駐車エリアPAに設けられてもよい。この場合、各境界に通信範囲を有するアンテナをそれぞれ設けることで、本実施形態に係る駐車判定動作により、駐車エリアPAに進入した車両Cが適切な駐車スペースPSに駐車しているか否かを判定することができる。また、他の実施形態に係る駐車エリアPAは、両側四車線の車道の一区画に設けられるものであってもよい。
また、本実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、RFIDアンテナ501を備えるが、これに限られない。例えば、他の実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1はRFIDアンテナ501に代えてDSRC通信に係るアンテナ、BLE(Bluetooth Low Energy、Bluetoothは登録商標)を備えてもよい。すなわち、駐車管理システム1と車両Cとの通信方式はRFIDに限られない。
以下、第3の実施形態に係る駐車管理システムについて、図面を参照しながら詳しく説明する。図8は、第3の実施形態に係る駐車管理システムの全体構成を示す図である。 第1の実施形態および第2の実施形態では、駐車管理システム1の管理エリアが1つの駐車エリアPAによって構成されており、管理エリアと駐車エリアPAとが一致する。これに対し、第3の実施形態は、図8に示すように、駐車管理システム1の管理エリアMAが、2つの駐車エリアPAによって構成される。具体的には、管理エリアMAは、上流側の駐車エリアである第1駐車エリアPA1と、下流側の駐車エリアである第2駐車エリアPA2とによって構成される。
第3の実施形態に係る駐車管理システム1は、第1の実施形態の構成に加え、さらに第3アンテナ801を備える。
第3アンテナ801は、第1駐車エリアPA1と第2駐車エリアPA2との境界の近傍に設けられたポールに設置される。第3アンテナ801は、第1駐車エリアPA1から第2駐車エリアPA2へ移動する車両Cに搭載された車載器CEとの無線通信を行う。つまり、第3アンテナ801は、通信範囲R4に、第1駐車エリアPA1と第2駐車エリアPA2との境界が含まれるように設置される。第3アンテナ801は、駐車エリアPAの境界に進入する車両Cに搭載された識別体(車載器CE)から識別情報を読み取る副読取装置の一例である。
なお、第1アンテナ101の通信範囲R1には、管理エリアMAの上流側の境界、つまり第1駐車エリアPA1の上流側の境界が含まれる。また、第2アンテナ104の通信範囲R2には、管理エリアMAの下流側の境界、つまり第2駐車エリアPA2の下流側の境界が含まれる。
図9は、第3の実施形態に係る駐車管理装置の機能構成を示す概略ブロック図である。 第3の実施形態に係る駐車管理装置107は、第1の実施形態の構成に加え、さらに駐車エリア特定部901、通知先記憶部902、駐車エリア通知部903を備える。
駐車エリア特定部901は、駐車判定部203によって駐車したと判定された車両Cの車両IDが、第3アンテナ801によって読み取られたか否かに基づいて、車両Cが駐車した駐車スペースPSを有する駐車エリアPAを特定する。
通知先記憶部902は、車両IDと当該車両IDが示す車両Cの運転者の連絡先(例えば、メールアドレス)とを関連付けて記憶する。
駐車エリア通知部903は、駐車エリア特定部901が特定した駐車エリアPAの識別情報を、通知先記憶部902が記憶する連絡先に通知する。
第3の実施形態に係る駐車判定動作および異常判定動作は、第1の実施形態と同じである。他方、第3の実施形態に係る駐車管理装置107は、第1の実施形態に係る駐車判定動作において、ステップS306で車両IDを滞留リスト記憶部204に記録したときに、以下に示すエリア通知動作を実行する。
駐車管理装置107がエリア通知動作を開始すると、駐車エリア特定部901は、ID取得部201が、ステップS306より前に、駐車判定部203によって駐車したと判定された車両Cの車両IDを第3アンテナ801から取得しているか否かを判定する(ステップS1001)。つまり、駐車エリア特定部901は、第1アンテナ101が車両IDを読み取った時刻から通過判定時間の間に、第3アンテナ801によって同一の車両IDが再度読み取られたか否かを判定する。
ID取得部201が当該車両IDを第3アンテナ801から取得していない場合(ステップS1001:NO)、駐車エリア特定部901は、車両Cが第1駐車エリアPA1に駐車していると判定する(ステップS1002)。他方、ID取得部201が当該車両IDを第3アンテナ801から取得している場合(ステップS1001:YES)、駐車エリア特定部901は、車両Cが第2駐車エリアPA2に駐車していると判定する(ステップS1003)。
このように、本実施形態によれば、駐車管理システム1が、複数の駐車エリアの境界に設けられた第3アンテナ801による車両IDの読み取り結果に基づいて、車両Cが駐車した駐車エリアPAを特定する。これにより、駐車管理システム1の利用者は、駐車管理システム1が特定した駐車エリアPAの通知を受けることで、自身の車両Cがどの駐車エリアPAに駐車したかを認識することができる。
なお、通知先として利用者の通信端末のメールアドレスが指定されている場合、駐車システムの事業者およびサービス加盟店は、当該通信端末が受信した駐車エリアPAの識別情報の通知の提示により、割引などの駐車場優待サービスを提供してもよい。
なお、本実施形態に係る管理エリアMAは、2つの駐車エリアPAによって構成されるが、これに限られない。例えば、他の実施形態に係る管理エリアMAは、3つ以上の駐車エリアPAによって構成されてもよい。この場合、各駐車エリアPAの境界に、第3アンテナ801に相当する副読取装置が設けられる。また、駐車エリアPAが3つ以上存在する場合、駐車エリア特定部901は、読み取りの有無ではなく、副読取装置による読み取り回数に基づいて、駐車エリアPAを特定することができる。例えば、副読取装置が同じ車両IDを2回読み取った場合、駐車エリア特定部901は、当該車両IDが示す車両Cが、上流から3番目の駐車エリアPAに駐車していると判定する。
また、他の実施形態に係る駐車エリア特定部901は、副読取装置による読み取り回数ではなく、最後に同一の車両IDを読み取った副読取装置の識別情報に基づいて、駐車エリアPAを特定してもよい。
以上、図面を参照して一実施形態について詳しく説明してきたが、具体的な構成は上述のものに限られることはなく、様々な設計変更等をすることが可能である。
例えば、他の実施形態において、駐車スペースPSには、EV(Electric Vehicle)用の非接触充電器が埋設されていてもよい。これにより、車両CがEVである場合に、当該車両Cが駐車スペースPSに駐車している間、バッテリーを充電することができる。駐車スペースPSが通行車線として機能している場合、当該非接触充電器が走行中充電に用いられてもよい。
図11は、少なくとも1つの実施形態に係るコンピュータの構成を示す概略ブロック図である。
コンピュータ1100は、CPU1101、主記憶装置1102、補助記憶装置1103、インタフェース1104を備える。
上述の駐車管理装置107は、コンピュータ1100に実装される。そして、上述した各処理部の動作は、プログラムの形式で補助記憶装置1103に記憶されている。CPU1101は、プログラムを補助記憶装置1103から読み出して主記憶装置1102に展開し、当該プログラムに従って上記処理を実行する。また、CPU1101は、プログラムに従って、上述した各記憶部に対応する記憶領域を主記憶装置1102に確保する。
101 第1アンテナ
104 第2アンテナ
106 車両検出装置
107 駐車管理装置
201 ID取得部
202 検出結果取得部
203 駐車判定部
204 滞留リスト記憶部
205 課金額特定部
206 課金処理部
207 駐車数特定部
208 滞留数特定部
209 異常判定部
210 アラーム通知部
211 運用設定部
Claims (7)
- 一の車両を駐車可能な駐車スペースを有する管理エリアの境界を通過する車両に搭載された識別体から車両を識別するための識別情報を読み取る読取装置と、
前記駐車スペースそれぞれに位置する車両を検出する車両検出装置と、
前記読取装置から前記識別情報を取得するとともに、前記車両検出装置から車両の検出結果を取得する駐車管理装置と
を備え、
前記駐車管理装置が、
同一の前記識別情報が、前記読取装置によって最初に読み取られた時刻から計測開始される、所定の通過判定時間の間に再度読み取られず、かつ前記通過判定時間の間に前記車両検出装置によって前記駐車スペースに新たな車両が検出された場合に、前記識別情報が示す車両が前記駐車スペースに駐車したと判定する駐車判定部を備える
駐車管理システム。 - 前記駐車管理装置が、
前記駐車判定部によって前記駐車スペースに駐車したと判定された前記車両の駐車料金を、前記読取装置によって最初に読み取られた時刻から再度読み取られた時刻までの時間に基づいて特定する課金額特定部をさらに備える
請求項1に記載の駐車管理システム。 - 前記管理エリアが、一の車両を駐車可能な駐車スペースを有する複数の駐車エリアによって構成され、
前記駐車エリアの境界に進入する車両に搭載された識別体から前記識別情報を読み取る副読取装置をさらに備え、
前記駐車管理装置が、
前記副読取装置による、前記駐車判定部によって駐車したと判定された車両の前記識別情報の読み取り結果に基づいて、前記車両が駐車した駐車スペースを有する前記駐車エリアを特定する駐車エリア特定部をさらに備える
請求項1または請求項2に記載の駐車管理システム。 - 前記駐車管理装置が、
前記読取装置によって最初に読み取られた時刻から通過判定時間の間に再度読み取られない前記識別情報の数を特定する滞留数特定部と、
前記車両検出装置によって車両が検出された前記駐車スペースの数を特定する駐車数特定部と、
前記滞留数特定部によって特定された前記識別情報の数と前記駐車数特定部によって特定された前記駐車スペースの数とが、所定の異常判定時間以上継続して異なる場合に、異常が生じていると判定する異常判定部と
をさらに備える
請求項1から請求項3の何れか1項に記載の駐車管理システム。 - 前記管理エリアが複数の境界を有し、
前記読取装置が前記管理エリアの前記境界それぞれに設けられ、
前記駐車判定部が、同一の前記識別情報が一の前記読取装置によって最初に読み取られた時刻から通過判定時間の間に他の前記読取装置によって読み取られず、かつ前記通過判定時間の間に前記車両検出装置によって前記駐車スペースに新たな車両が検出された場合に、前記識別情報が示す車両が前記駐車スペースに駐車したと判定する
請求項1から請求項4の何れか1項に記載の駐車管理システム。 - 前記管理エリアが車道の一区画であり、
前記駐車スペースが前記区画の一部であり、
前記読取装置が、前記区画の上流側の境界と前記区画の下流側の境界とに設けられる
請求項1から請求項5の何れか1項に記載の駐車管理システム。 - 一の車両を駐車可能な駐車スペースを有する管理エリアの境界に進入する車両に搭載された識別体から車両を識別する識別情報を読み取る読取ステップと、
前記駐車スペースそれぞれに存在する車両を検出する車両検出ステップと、
同一の前記識別情報が、最初に読み取られた時刻から通過判定時間の間に再度読み取られず、かつ前記通過判定時間の間に前記駐車スペースに新たな車両が検出された場合に、前記識別情報が示す車両が前記駐車スペースに駐車したと判定する駐車判定ステップと
を有する駐車管理方法。
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MY194751A (en) | 2022-12-15 |
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US11295357B2 (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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