WO2017121351A1 - Oled阵列基板及其制造方法、oled显示面板和oled显示装置 - Google Patents
Oled阵列基板及其制造方法、oled显示面板和oled显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to an organic light emitting diode (OLED) array substrate having a microcavity structure, a method of fabricating the same, an OLED display panel, and an OLED display device.
- OLED organic light emitting diode
- OLED display device is a device that realizes a graphic display by utilizing an invertible color phenomenon generated by an organic semiconductor material driven by a current.
- OLED display device has ultra-light, ultra-thin, high brightness, large viewing angle, low voltage, low power consumption, fast response, high definition, shock resistance, bendability, low cost, simple process, low use of raw materials, high luminous efficiency and temperature A wide range of advantages, is considered to be the most promising next-generation display technology.
- the emission band of the OLED luminescent material is wide and cannot satisfy the color purity of the desired light source, the luminescent efficiency and brightness of the OLED are limited, resulting in low contrast and poor display performance of the corresponding display device.
- an OLED array substrate may include a plurality of pixel units, each of the pixel units including a plurality of sub-pixel units, each of the sub-pixel units including a light emitting portion, each of the light emitting portions having a first electrode remote from the light exiting side, a second electrode adjacent to the light exiting side, and an organic light emitting layer sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the sub-pixel unit further includes a light emitting side on the light emitting side of the second electrode An organic film layer and a half mirror layer are provided.
- the first electrode includes a reflective layer and the second electrode is a transparent electrode.
- the structure between the first electrode and the half mirror layer constitutes a microcavity structure, and the organic film layers of the sub-pixel units of different colors of each pixel unit have different thicknesses.
- the organic film layers of the red sub-pixel unit (R), the green sub-pixel unit (G), and the blue sub-pixel unit (B) have different thicknesses.
- the pixel unit is an RGBG pixel unit
- the organic film layers may have the same thickness.
- half mirror layer relates to an optical layer that combines both reflective and transmissive properties, although referred to as a "semi-" mirror layer, light incident on the half mirror layer can be Reflected and transmitted, without limitation, a strict 50% is reflected and 50% is transmitted.
- the above array substrate light generated by the organic light-emitting layer undergoes reflection, total reflection, interference, diffraction or scattering in a microcavity structure delimited by the first electrode and the half mirror layer, and a part of the light is from the half mirror layer
- the exiting, outgoing light direction and intensity depend on the nature of the microcavity structure, in other words, the parameters of the microcavity structure can be designed according to the nature of the light produced by the organic light-emitting layer and the desired direction and intensity of the outgoing light.
- the color purity of the emitted light can be improved, the luminous efficiency and brightness of the display device can be enhanced, and a display device with high contrast and low power consumption can be obtained.
- the light emitted by the microcavity structure has better directivity and higher color purity, so that no subsequent black matrix process is needed, which greatly increases the aperture ratio of the display device while saving cost.
- microcavity or “microcavity structure” primarily refers to a microcavity having an whispering gallery mode; such a microcavity is an optical cavity of the order of magnitude or submicron, which utilizes The effects of reflection, total reflection, interference, diffraction or scattering at the interface of discontinuous refractive index limit the light to a small wavelength region.
- the illuminating center is located near the antinode of the standing wave field in the cavity, which can improve the coupling efficiency of the radiated dipole and the electric field in the cavity, thereby improving the luminous efficiency and brightness of the device. .
- the thickness of the organic film layer may be designed according to an effective cavity length of the microcavity structure, a full width at half maximum of the emission peak, and a Fabry-Perot formula. Specifically, the effective cavity length L( ⁇ ) of the microcavity structure is calculated by:
- ⁇ is the resonant wavelength of the light emitted by the corresponding light emitting portion
- R is the effective reflectance of the first electrode
- ⁇ n is the refractive index difference between the two materials forming the half mirror layer and the first electrode, respectively, n j and d j respectively Is the refractive index and thickness of the j-th layer material
- ⁇ m is the phase shift of light on the half mirror layer; All layers sandwiched between the first electrode and the half mirror layer are taken into account.
- ⁇ is the resonant wavelength of the light emitted by the corresponding light-emitting portion
- R is the effective reflectance of the first electrode
- L( ⁇ ) is the effective cavity length of the microcavity structure in the formula (1)
- R 1 and R 2 are respectively The specular reflectance of the first electrode and the half mirror layer.
- the range of thickness of the organic film layer can be defined by the Fabry-Perot formula:
- n j and d j are the refractive index and thickness of the jth layer, respectively; Is the angle of light in the jth layer measured from the normal perpendicular to the plane of the light emitting portion; ⁇ is the resonant wavelength of the light emitted by the light emitting portion; All layers sandwiched between the first electrode and the half mirror layer are taken into account.
- the effective cavity length and the full width at half maximum of the emission peak can be continuously optimized, thereby designing the three most unknown amounts. Excellent value.
- each of the pixel units includes a red (R) sub-pixel unit, a green (G) sub-pixel unit, and a blue (B) sub-pixel unit.
- R red
- G green
- B blue
- the thickness of the organic film layer corresponds to the corresponding sub-pixel unit, for example, the organic film layer corresponding to the red sub-pixel unit is the thickest, corresponds to the organic film level of the green sub-pixel unit, and corresponds to the blue sub-pixel.
- the organic film layer of the unit is the thinnest.
- the sub-pixel unit may further include a half disposed in the half The color film layer on the light exit side of the mirror layer, and the color film layers of the different color sub-pixel units of the pixel unit have different colors.
- the color film layers may be red, green, and blue.
- the organic film layer may be formed of a low temperature curing material having a curing temperature of not higher than about 100 °C.
- the low temperature curing material includes one or more of an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a phenol resin, and a polyurethane.
- the organic film layer having a non-uniform thickness can be introduced by a half-tone mask process.
- half-order mask process means that in a photolithography process, since the thickness of the pattern on the mask is not uniform, the amount of light transmitted at different positions on the mask is different, so that The amount of exposure at different positions on the organic film layer is different, and thus an organic film layer having uneven thickness is obtained.
- the thickness of the half mirror layer may be approximately 100-150 nm.
- the half mirror layer may be a metal layer in which a plurality of holes regularly arranged are arranged.
- the size, density and arrangement of the holes can be designed according to the desired direction of light exiting, that is, the size, density and arrangement of the holes determine the direction of the light to be reinforced.
- the size, density, and arrangement of the pores are related to the thickness of the organic film layer.
- the thickness of the organic film layer can be designed according to the size, density and arrangement of the holes, or vice versa.
- the thickness of the first electrode layer may be about 90-100 nm.
- the thickness of the second electrode layer may be about 100-150 nm.
- the sub-pixel unit further includes an encapsulation layer disposed between the second electrode and the organic film layer, the encapsulation layer having a thickness of about 3.0 to 3.5 ⁇ m.
- the encapsulation layer can function as a flat layer. In the case where the sub-pixel unit includes an encapsulation layer, the calculation of the thickness of the above organic film layer needs to take into account the encapsulation layer.
- the OLED array substrate further includes a pixel defining layer disposed between the first electrode of each sub-pixel unit and the organic light emitting layer, and the pixel defining layer may have a thickness of about 1.0-1.5 ⁇ m.
- the pixel definition layer usually has a grid structure, the "mesh" of the grid structure corresponds to each sub-pixel unit, and the boundary of the mesh is used for each The sub-pixel units are delimited. Therefore, it is not necessary to take into account the pixel defining layer in the calculation of the thickness of the above organic film layer.
- the organic light emitting layer may have a thickness of about 200 to 300 nm.
- the OLED array substrate further includes a secondary encapsulation layer disposed on a light outgoing side of the color film layer of each sub-pixel unit, the secondary encapsulation layer having a thickness of about 3.0-3.5 ⁇ m .
- the secondary encapsulation layer comprises an acrylate based adhesive and a glass cover.
- an OLED display panel which may include the OLED array substrate described above.
- an OLED display device which may include the above OLED display panel.
- a method of fabricating an organic light emitting diode array substrate comprising a plurality of pixel units, each of the pixel units including a plurality of sub-pixel units; the manufacturing method comprising:
- the first electrode comprises a reflective layer
- the second electrode is a transparent electrode
- the structure between the first electrode and the half mirror layer constitutes a microcavity structure
- each pixel unit has a different color
- the organic film layers of the sub-pixel units may have different thicknesses.
- the OLED array substrate manufactured by the above method light generated by the organic light-emitting layer undergoes reflection, total reflection, diffraction, or scattering in a microcavity structure delimited by the first electrode and the half mirror layer, and a part of the light is half
- the mirror layer exits and the direction of the outgoing light depends on the nature of the half mirror layer.
- color purity can be improved, luminous efficiency and brightness of the display panel can be enhanced, and a display device with high contrast and low power consumption can be obtained.
- the light emitted by the microcavity structure has better directivity and higher color purity, so that no subsequent black matrix process is needed, which greatly increases the aperture ratio of the display device while saving cost.
- the organic film layer of each sub-pixel unit may be integrally formed by spin coating a low temperature curing organic material; using a halftone mask, through Exposure and development form an organic film layer having a non-uniform thickness.
- the process temperature may be less than about 100 ° C to prevent damage to the various layer structures that have been formed.
- the OLED display panel according to the second aspect of the present disclosure, the OLED display device according to the third aspect of the present disclosure, and the method of manufacturing the OLED array substrate according to the fourth aspect of the present disclosure have the OLED array according to the first aspect of the present disclosure Preferred embodiments, advantages and benefits of the same or corresponding substrates are not described herein.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sub-pixel unit of an organic light emitting diode array substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light emitting diode array substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of fabricating an organic light emitting diode array substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the sub-pixel unit includes a first electrode 1, an organic light-emitting layer 6, and a second electrode 2, which are sequentially disposed on the base substrate 5, and an organic film layer 3 and a half mirror layer 4 which are sequentially disposed on the second electrode 2.
- the first electrode 1 includes a reflective layer, for example, the first electrode 1 may be a multilayer stacked structure, wherein one or more layers on the farthest side of the first electrode 1 farthest from the light exiting side are reflective layers, which may be made of, for example, silver or aluminum Made of metal.
- the first electrode 1 may also be a single-layer reflective layer, which may also be made of a metal such as silver or aluminum. production.
- the second electrode 2 is a transparent electrode (for example, made of indium tin oxide (ITO)).
- ITO indium tin oxide
- the structure between the half mirror layer 4 and the first electrode 1 constitutes a microcavity structure 100.
- the OLED array substrate is introduced into the microcavity structure, which can improve the color purity, enhance the luminous efficiency and brightness, and thereby obtain a display device with high contrast and low energy consumption.
- the light emitted by the microcavity structure has better directivity and higher color purity, so that no subsequent black matrix process is needed, which greatly increases the aperture ratio of the display device while saving cost.
- the organic film layer is formed of a low temperature curing material, and the curing temperature of the material does not exceed about 100 °C. Selecting the low temperature curing material to form the organic film layer 3 can prevent the organic light emitting layer 6 from being damaged in a high temperature process.
- the low temperature curing material includes one or more of an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a phenol resin, and a polyurethane.
- the microcavity structure 100 is designed according to the effective cavity length of the microcavity structure 100, the full width at half maximum of the emission peak, and the Fabry-Perot formula. Specifically, the effective cavity length L( ⁇ ) of the microcavity structure is calculated by:
- ⁇ is the resonant wavelength of the light emitted by the light-emitting portion
- R is the effective reflectance of the first electrode
- ⁇ n is the refractive index difference between the two materials forming the half mirror layer 4 and the first electrode 1
- n j and d j Respectively the refractive index and thickness of the j-th layer material
- ⁇ m is the phase shift of light on the half mirror layer 4; It is necessary to take into account all the layers sandwiched between the first electrode 1 and the half mirror layer 4, and the sub-pixel unit shown in FIG. 1 is taken as an example, including the organic light-emitting layer 6, the second electrode 2, and the organic film layer 3.
- the term "effective cavity length" as used herein refers to the effective length of the microcavity structure 100 in the sense of reflection, rather than simply a simple superposition of the thicknesses of the layers constituting the microcavity structure 100.
- ⁇ is the resonant wavelength of the light emitted by the light-emitting portion
- R is the effective reflectance of the first electrode 1
- L( ⁇ ) is the effective cavity length of the microcavity structure calculated according to the formula (1), R 1 , R 2 The specular reflectance of the first electrode 1 and the half mirror layer 4, respectively.
- the Fabry-Porro formula is:
- n j and d j are the refractive index and thickness of the jth layer, respectively; Is the angle of light in the jth layer measured from a normal perpendicular to the plane of the light emitting device; ⁇ is the resonant wavelength of the light emitted by the light emitting portion; It is necessary to take into account all the layers sandwiched between the first electrode 1 and the half mirror layer 4, and also the sub-pixel unit shown in FIG. 1 as an example, including the organic light-emitting layer 6, the second electrode 2, and the organic film layer 3.
- the effective cavity length and the full width at half maximum of the emission peak can be continuously optimized, thereby designing the three most unknown amounts. Excellent value.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional schematic view of an organic light emitting diode array substrate in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the array substrate includes a plurality of pixel units (one pixel unit is schematically illustrated in FIG. 2), each of the pixel units including a plurality of sub-pixel units 200, each of which includes a half mirror layer Color film layers 7-1, 7-2, and 7-3 above 4, wherein the color film layers 7-1, 7-2, and 7-3 of the sub-pixel units 200 of different colors have different colors.
- the color film layer is directly formed on the microcavity structure 100, and the alignment precision of the color film layer and the sub-pixel unit can be improved. At the same time, the thickness of the OLED array substrate is reduced.
- each pixel unit includes a red (R) sub-pixel unit, a green (G) sub-pixel unit, and a blue (B) sub-pixel unit.
- R red
- G green
- B blue
- the non-directional light is selected to be directional light, resulting in an increase in light intensity in that particular direction.
- the thickness of the organic film layer corresponds to the corresponding sub-pixel unit, for example, the organic film layer corresponding to the red sub-pixel unit is the thickest, corresponds to the organic film level of the green sub-pixel unit, and corresponds to the blue sub-pixel.
- the organic film layer of the unit is the thinnest.
- the half mirror layer 4 is formed of a metal layer (not shown in Fig. 2) in which a plurality of holes are arranged.
- the size and density of the holes can be designed according to the desired direction of light exiting, that is, the size and density of the holes determine the direction of the light to be strengthened.
- the size and density of the holes It is related to the thickness of the organic film layer.
- the thickness of the organic film layer can be designed according to the size and density of the holes, or vice versa.
- a plurality of holes may be regularly arranged in the metal layer.
- the arrangement of the holes can be designed according to the desired direction of light exit.
- the sub-pixel unit 200 further includes an encapsulation layer 8 disposed between the second electrode 2 and the organic film layer 3, which may function as a flat layer.
- the OLED array substrate further includes a pixel defining layer 10 disposed over the first electrode 1 of each sub-pixel unit 200.
- the design of the microcavity structure 100 also requires consideration of the encapsulation layer 8.
- the organic light emitting layer 6 may include an electron injection layer (not shown).
- the design of the microcavity structure 100 also needs to account for the electron injection layer.
- the OLED array substrate further includes a secondary encapsulation layer 9 disposed on the color film layer 7 of each sub-pixel unit.
- the secondary encapsulation layer 9 may include an acrylate-based adhesive and a glass cover.
- the thickness of the secondary encapsulation layer 9 is about 3.0 to 3.5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the half mirror layer 4 is about 100-150 nm
- the thickness of the first electrode 1 is about 90-100 nm
- the thickness of the pixel defining layer 10 may be about 1.0-1.5 ⁇ m
- the organic light-emitting layer 6 The thickness of the second electrode 2 is about 100-150 nm
- the thickness of the encapsulation layer 8 may be about 3.0-3.5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the organic film layer 3 in the region corresponding to the different color sub-pixels can be calculated.
- the OLED array substrate is introduced into the microcavity structure, which can improve the color purity, enhance the luminous efficiency and brightness, and thereby obtain a display device with high contrast and low energy consumption.
- the light emitted by the microcavity structure has better directivity and higher color purity, so that no subsequent black matrix process is needed, which greatly increases the aperture ratio of the display device while saving cost.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a flow chart of a method of fabricating the above-described organic light emitting diode array substrate according to an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes the following steps.
- S3 forming a patterned first electrode on the prepared array substrate by sputtering, spin coating, exposure development, etching peeling, or the like, the first electrode having better reflectivity (including, for example, a metal layer), and The thickness may be about 90-100 nm;
- S6 obtaining a patterned second electrode by sputtering, spin coating, exposure development, etching peeling, or the like, the second electrode having good permeability (for example, made of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) And can have a thickness of about 100-150 nm;
- ITO indium tin oxide
- a secondary encapsulation layer is formed, which may have a thickness of about 3.0 to 3.5 ⁇ m.
- the step S9 of obtaining the half mirror layer may comprise the following substeps:
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Abstract
Description
Claims (19)
- 一种OLED阵列基板,包括多个像素单元,每一个像素单元包括多个子像素单元,每个所述子像素单元均包括发光部,每个发光部具有远离出光侧的第一电极、靠近出光侧的第二电极和夹在第一电极和第二电极之间的有机发光层,其中,所述子像素单元还包括在第二电极的出光侧上依次设置的有机膜层和半反射镜层,所述第一电极包括反射层,所述第二电极为透明电极,所述第一电极与所述半反射镜层之间的结构构成微腔结构,并且每一个像素单元的不同颜色的子像素单元的有机膜层具有不同厚度。
- 根据权利要求1所述的OLED阵列基板,其中,所述有机膜层的厚度根据所述微腔结构的有效腔长、发射峰的半高宽和法布里-泊罗公式设计,其中,微腔结构的有效腔长L(λ)通过下式计算:其中,λ为对应发光部发出的光的谐振波长,R为第一电极的有效反射率,Δn为形成半反射镜层与第一电极的两种材料的折射率差,nj和dj分别为第j层材料的折射率和厚度,Φm为光在半反射镜层上的相移;项计及夹在所述第一电极与所述半反射镜层之间的所有层,发射峰的半高宽Δλ通过下式计算:其中,λ为对应发光部发出的光的谐振波长,R为第一电极的有效反射率,L(λ)为根据公式(1)计算得到的微腔结构的有效腔长,R1、R2分别为第一电极和半反射镜层的镜面反射率,法布里-泊罗公式为:
- 根据权利要求1所述的OLED阵列基板,其中子像素单元还包括布置在所述半反射镜层的出光侧上的彩膜层,并且像素单元的不同颜色的子像素单元的彩膜层的颜色不同。
- 根据权利要求1所述的OLED阵列基板,其中,所述有机膜层由低温固化材料形成,所述低温固化材料的固化温度不高于大约100℃。
- 根据权利要求4所述的OLED阵列基板,其中,低温固化材料包括环氧树脂、丙烯酸树脂、酚醛树脂、聚氨酯中的一种或多种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的OLED阵列基板,其中,所述半反射镜层的厚度为大约100-150nm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的OLED阵列基板,其中,所述半反射镜层为布置有规则排列的多个孔的金属层。
- 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的OLED阵列基板,其中,所述第一电极的厚度为大约90-100nm。
- 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的OLED阵列基板,其中,所述第二电极的厚度为大约100-150nm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的OLED阵列基板,其中子像素单元还包括布置在所述第二电极和所述有机膜层之间的封装层,所述封装层的厚度为大约3.0-3.5μm,并且所述微腔结构还包括所述封装层。
- 根据权利要求1所述的OLED阵列基板,还包括布置在各个子像素单元的所述第一电极与所述有机发光层之间的像素定义层,其中所述像素定义层的厚度为大约1.0-1.5μm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的OLED阵列基板,其中,所述有机发光层的厚度为大约200-300nm。
- 根据权利要求3所述的OLED阵列基板,还包括布置在各个子像素单元的所述彩膜层的出光侧上的二次封装层,所述二次封装层的厚度为大约3.0-3.5μm。
- 根据权利要求13所述的OLED阵列基板,其中,所述二次封装层包括丙烯酸酯类粘合剂和玻璃盖板。
- 一种OLED显示面板,包括权利要求1-14中任一项所述的OLED阵列基板。
- 一种OLED显示装置,包括权利要求15所述的OLED显示面板。
- 一种OLED阵列基板的制造方法,所述OLED阵列基板包括多个像素单元,每一个像素单元包括多个子像素单元;所述制造方法包括:沿OLED阵列基板的出光方向在衬底基板上依次形成对应于每个子像素单元的第一电极、有机发光层、第二电极、有机膜层和半反射镜层,其中,所述第一电极包括反射层,所述第二电极为透明电极,所述第一电极与所述半反射镜层之间的结构构成微腔结构;并且每一个像素单元的不同颜色的子像素单元的有机膜层具有不同厚度。
- 权利要求17的制造方法,其中各个子像素单元的所述有机膜层通过以下步骤一体化形成:旋涂低温固化有机材料;使用半色调掩膜板,通过曝光和显影形成厚度不均匀的有机膜层。
- 权利要求18的方法,其中在所述形成有机膜层的步骤期间,制程温度小于大约100℃。
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JP2019503552A (ja) | 2019-02-07 |
JP6998767B2 (ja) | 2022-01-18 |
EP3404720B1 (en) | 2022-06-29 |
US10727446B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 |
KR20180096491A (ko) | 2018-08-29 |
EP3404720A1 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
KR102149726B1 (ko) | 2020-08-31 |
EP3404720A4 (en) | 2019-07-31 |
US20180358578A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 |
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