WO2017099102A1 - 乾燥硬化形の塗材用石膏組成物、石膏系塗材、及び石膏系塗材の施工方法 - Google Patents
乾燥硬化形の塗材用石膏組成物、石膏系塗材、及び石膏系塗材の施工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/145—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/26—Carbonates
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- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
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- C04B40/0608—Dry ready-made mixtures, e.g. mortars at which only water or a water solution has to be added before use
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- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dry-curing gypsum composition for coating materials, a gypsum-based coating material, and a method for applying a gypsum-based coating material.
- a wet method is known as a method of forming a coating film with a coating material such as a painted wall material on the surface of a wall, floor, or ceiling of a building.
- a coating material such as a painted wall material on the surface of a wall, floor, or ceiling of a building.
- water is kneaded into a composition mainly composed of inorganic powder such as mortar, plaster, gypsum, or diatomaceous earth to form a slurry-like wet coating material, and the wet coating material is used for the interior and exterior of a building.
- Forming a coating film by a method such as painting on a surface such as a wall with a candy (glazing) has been performed.
- plaster-based coating materials and plaster-based coating materials are widely used to ensure the design of the wall surfaces.
- These wet coating materials are generally commercialized as a powdery composition and used by being kneaded with water at a construction site.
- Patent Document 1 uses a colored plaster composition containing lime, a white pigment, a color pigment, a binder, and water for forming a coating film, and a method for suppressing color jump of a colored plaster coating film Is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses inorganic powder having a particle size of 0.1 mm or less, gypsum having a particle size of 0.1 mm or less, fibers having a wire diameter of 5 to 15 ⁇ m and a length of 3 to 10 mm, a water-soluble paste, and a synthetic resin.
- a coating material for a wall surface that is blended at a predetermined ratio is disclosed.
- Patent Document 3 hemihydrate gypsum and pigment, and a specific crystal clearing agent in a predetermined content ratio, dihydrate gypsum when the hydrated gypsum is hydrated are plate-shaped with an aspect ratio of 1 to 9.
- An invention relating to a dry gypsum composition and a gypsum-based coating material that are controlled to be crystals is disclosed.
- the method of applying a plaster coating material to the wall surface is easy to finish on a smooth surface. Therefore, when the coating material is thinly coated, specifically when the coating thickness is 3 mm or less and a smooth coating film is formed, the plaster-based coating material is used rather than the gypsum-based coating material. It is common.
- the plaster when using a plaster-based coating material, the plaster is in a basic pH range, and dust may fly during the operation of applying the plaster-based coating material. Need to work more carefully.
- it is easy to adjust the pH to near neutral, and has the advantages from the viewpoint of safety described above, and because it easily adheres to the ground such as cloth (wallpaper) and gypsum board, gypsum-based coating materials There is an advantage of using.
- the present invention provides a dry-cured gypsum composition for coating materials that can form a coating film that is thin and smooth while suppressing color unevenness when water is added to form a gypsum-based coating material. Is to provide.
- the coating film formation process is not only the process of hydration reaction of the hemihydrate gypsum in the coating material, but also the water in the coating material is potentially the base It involves both a process of being dried and cured by being absorbed by the adherend or evaporating into the air.
- the moisture in the coating material is absorbed by the adherend that is the base, or is evaporated into the air, which is necessary for the hydration reaction of the half-water gypsum.
- the present inventors changed the way of thinking from the reaction-curing method of forming a cured film by the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum, which has been considered in the common sense of technology in conventional gypsum-based coating materials.
- the present inventors used a gypsum-based coating material in which water was added to a gypsum composition configured so that the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum hardly occurs, the gypsum-based coating material was changed from the gypsum-based coating material.
- the present inventors have found that the color unevenness tends to be suppressed unexpectedly, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention comprises hemihydrate gypsum having an average particle size of 50 ⁇ m or less, calcium carbonate having an average particle size of 50 ⁇ m or less, and a setting retarder, and the calcium carbonate is added to 100 parts by mass of the hemihydrate gypsum.
- a dry-curing gypsum composition for coating material in which the content of is 10 to 400 parts by mass and the content of the setting retarder is 0.1 parts by mass or more.
- a dry-cured gypsum composition for coating material that is capable of forming a coating film that is thin and smooth but has suppressed color unevenness. Can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of a gypsum-based coating film in the test body 2.
- FIG. 2 is a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the gypsum-based coating film in the test body 12.
- the above-mentioned color unevenness between the unreacted portion (dry-out portion) of the hemihydrate gypsum and the reaction portion Is considered to occur. This is because the above-mentioned color unevenness is caused when water is added to the gypsum composition for coating material to form a gypsum-based coating material, or moisture in the coating material is absorbed by the adherend as a base, or moisture is air.
- gypsum-based coating materials have a hydration reaction by adding water to hemihydrate gypsum in consideration of adhesion to the base and the strength of the coating film, and the phase change from hemihydrate gypsum to dihydrate gypsum. It has been used as a reaction-curing coating material that cures.
- the present inventors have changed the idea from the reaction-curing type method that has been considered in the common sense in conventional gypsum-based coating materials, and dared to make it difficult to cause the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum.
- the gypsum-based coating material obtained by adding water to the gypsum composition can unexpectedly form a coating film that exhibits sufficient adhesion to the base and has suppressed color unevenness. It turned out to be.
- the gypsum composition configured so as not to easily cause the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum refers to the water of hemihydrate gypsum when water is added to the gypsum composition to form a gypsum-based coating material.
- the completion time of the drying and curing is earlier than the initial time of the hydration reaction, the amount of water necessary for the hydration reaction does not exist in the surrounding area, and thus the hydration reaction is suppressed.
- the gypsum composition for a coating material according to an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “gypsum composition”) has a half-water gypsum having an average particle size of 50 ⁇ m or less and an average particle size of 50 ⁇ m or less.
- gypsum composition Contains calcium carbonate and a set retarder.
- the content of calcium carbonate is 10 to 400 parts by mass and the content of the setting retarder is 0.1 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum.
- the gypsum composition is used for a dry-curing gypsum-based coating material.
- the gypsum composition of the present embodiment is suitably used as a gypsum-based coating material containing water.
- the gypsum composition can form a coating film with the gypsum-based coating material when water is added to the gypsum composition, and more specifically, the gypsum composition.
- a coating film can be formed by applying a system coating material to an adherend and drying and curing it.
- the gypsum composition contains hemihydrate gypsum and calcium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 50 ⁇ m or less and a setting retarder in specific amounts, it is possible to form a thin and smooth coating film with high surface hardness. is there. Therefore, by using a gypsum-based coating material prepared by adding water to the gypsum composition, it is possible to form a coating film having good resistance to scratches and impacts. Therefore, if a gypsum-based coating material prepared using a gypsum composition is applied to a wall surface, for example, dried and cured to form a coating film, a wall surface having good resistance to scratches and impacts can be formed. it can.
- hemihydrate gypsum and calcium carbonate both having an average particle diameter of 50 ⁇ m or less are in a specific ratio. By containing, it is guessed that they act synergistically.
- the gypsum composition of this embodiment contains 0.1 mass part or more of a setting retarder with respect to 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum, the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum in the gypsum composition is suppressed.
- the gypsum composition of this embodiment preferably does not cause the hydration reaction so that the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum in the gypsum composition is suppressed when water is added. It is configured. As described below, this configuration can also be defined by structural analysis by X-ray diffraction or the initial time of the hydration reaction.
- dihydrate gypsum When hemihydrate gypsum (CaSO 4 .1 / 2H 2 O) undergoes a hydration reaction, it changes to dihydrate gypsum (CaSO 4 .2H 2 O).
- dihydrate gypsum shows a clear diffraction peak at a diffraction angle of 11 to 12 °
- hemihydrate gypsum shows a clear diffraction peak at a diffraction angle of 14 to 15 °.
- the gypsum composition of the present embodiment shows the diffraction peak of hemihydrate gypsum contained in the gypsum composition in powder X-ray diffraction when adding water to the gypsum composition and drying and curing to form a coating film. And preferably does not show the diffraction peak of dihydrate gypsum based on the hydration reaction of the hemihydrate gypsum.
- “diffraction peak of dihydrate gypsum based on hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum” means that hydrated gypsum contained in the gypsum composition before forming the coating film is hydrated.
- the gypsum composition (and gypsum-based coating material) of one embodiment of the present invention may contain dihydrate gypsum for the purpose of, for example, a filler.
- dihydrate gypsum for the purpose of, for example, a filler.
- the confirmation of the composition by the above powder X-ray diffraction can be performed by using a gypsum composition not containing dihydrate gypsum, or in the case of a gypsum composition containing dihydrate gypsum.
- the gypsum composition can suppress the hydration reaction of the hemihydrate gypsum in the gypsum composition (preferably It is also possible to check whether or not the initial time of the hydration reaction is configured to be slower than the completion time of the drying and curing. That is, in the gypsum composition of the present embodiment, the initial time of the hydration reaction when water is added to the gypsum composition is preferably 24 hours or more.
- the initial time of the hydration reaction is the standard softness described in JIS A6904 at a needle penetration depth of 20 ⁇ 2 mm, the others are in accordance with JIS A6904, and the initial setting of flocculation referred to in JIS A6904 is hydrated in this specification. Measured as the first reaction. If the initial time of the hydration reaction is 24 hours or more (more preferably 48 hours or more), the hydration reaction starts when a gypsum-based coating material is added to the gypsum composition with a commonly used amount of water. Moisture in the gypsum-based coating material is previously absorbed by the adherend or evaporated into the air, and the gypsum-based coating material tends to form a coating film by dry curing.
- “thin coating” in this specification means a coating thickness of about 3 mm or less (for example, 0 .5 to 3 mm).
- “thick coating” refers to coating having a coating thickness of more than 3 mm (for example, 4 to 10 mm).
- the “average particle diameter” refers to a volume average diameter (MV) measured using a particle size distribution measuring apparatus using a laser diffraction / scattering method.
- Hemihydrate gypsum is calcium sulfate hemihydrate [CaSO 4 ⁇ 1 / 2H 2 O], also called calcined gypsum.
- hemihydrate gypsum includes ⁇ -type hemihydrate gypsum and ⁇ -type hemihydrate gypsum, and absorbs moisture in the air and easily changes to hemihydrate gypsum.
- Anhydrous gypsum (CaSO 4 ) is also included.
- raw gypsum for hemihydrate gypsum any of natural products (basani stone, etc.), by-product gypsum, and waste gypsum can be used.
- part or all of the raw gypsum of hemihydrate gypsum contained in the gypsum composition of this embodiment is waste gypsum.
- ⁇ -type hemihydrate gypsum and ⁇ -type hemihydrate gypsum obtained by firing in the air or water (including in water vapor) is used as the hemihydrate gypsum. It is preferable to use a mixture thereof. From the viewpoint of easily adjusting the average particle size of hemihydrate gypsum to 50 ⁇ m or less, ⁇ -type hemihydrate gypsum is more preferable.
- the ⁇ -type hemihydrate gypsum can be produced by subjecting dihydrate gypsum such as natural gypsum to pressure firing in water or steam using, for example, an autoclave.
- ⁇ -type hemihydrate gypsum can be produced by firing dihydrate gypsum such as natural gypsum at atmospheric pressure.
- hemihydrate gypsum having an average particle diameter of 50 ⁇ m or less is used for the gypsum composition.
- the surface of the coating film is roughened and the surface hardness is lowered by drying and curing the gypsum coating material obtained by adding water to the gypsum composition. In some cases, the surface may be easily damaged.
- the average particle size of the hemihydrate gypsum is more preferably 40 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the lower limit of the average particle size of the hemihydrate gypsum is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of grinding equipment and cost, the average particle size of the hemihydrate gypsum is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more.
- calcium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 50 ⁇ m or less is used for the gypsum composition.
- the surface of the coating film is roughened by drying and curing the gypsum-based coating material, and the surface hardness is lowered, which may be easily damaged.
- the average particle size of calcium carbonate and hemihydrate gypsum contained in the gypsum composition is 50 ⁇ m or less, a smooth and high surface hardness coating film is formed even when the gypsum coating material is thinly coated. It becomes possible.
- the average particle diameter of calcium carbonate is more preferably 40 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the lower limit of the average particle diameter of calcium carbonate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, and further preferably 10 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of grinding equipment and cost.
- the content of calcium carbonate in the gypsum composition is 10 to 400 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum.
- the content of calcium carbonate is less than 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum, the surface of the coating film formed by dry curing of the gypsum-based coating material obtained by adding water to the gypsum composition is rough. Prone. This is because the content of hemihydrate gypsum becomes too much relative to the content of calcium carbonate, and stickiness is generated when the gypsum composition with water added to the gypsum composition is applied to the adherend. This is thought to be caused by difficulty in cutting.
- the surface of the coating film formed by dry curing of the gypsum-based coating material in which water is added to the gypsum composition In addition to becoming rough, the surface hardness may be low and the coating film may be easily damaged.
- This is a process in which a coating film is formed by dry-curing a gypsum-based coating material when a gypsum-based coating material in which water is added to a gypsum composition having a calcium carbonate content exceeding 400 parts by mass is applied to the adherend. This is probably because the surface side tends to become harder, the setting method is biased, and the tsunami waves are not easily erased by the heel pressing work.
- the content of calcium carbonate is preferably 10 to 300 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum, It is more preferably 10 to 200 parts by mass.
- the setting retarder in order to suppress the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum, is added in such an amount that the completion time of drying and curing is earlier than the initial time of the hydration reaction of the gypsum-based coating material. Contain.
- the setting retarder is contained in a proportion of 0.1 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum in the gypsum composition.
- the content of the setting retarder is less than 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum, a hydration reaction may occur in part of the hemihydrate gypsum.
- a hydration reaction may occur in part of the hemihydrate gypsum.
- the upper limit of the content of the setting retarder is not particularly limited, but it is sufficient that the setting retarder is capable of suppressing the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum, and if the amount is too large, the cost increases.
- the setting retarder itself has a color, the coating film may be partially discolored.
- the content of the setting retarder is preferably 15 parts by mass or less, more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, with respect to 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum, and 2 parts by mass or less. More preferably.
- the content of the setting retarder in the gypsum composition is preferably 0.1 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and still more preferably 0 to 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum. .1 to 2 parts by mass. From the viewpoint of easily suppressing the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum, the content of the setting retarder in the gypsum composition is more than 0.2 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum. preferable.
- the average particle diameter of the setting retarder is not particularly limited, but among the setting retarders, those having a small particle diameter are preferable, and specifically, 50 ⁇ m or less is preferable. More preferably, the average particle size is equal to or smaller than the average particle size.
- the setting retarder is at least one selected from the group consisting of citric acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, malic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, and salts thereof, and sucrose, starch, and protein degradation products.
- the ions constituting the salts in citrate, succinate, acetate, malate, ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and diethylenetriaminepentaacetate include metal ions such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, and magnesium, and Examples include organic ammonium ions.
- proteolysate examples include those obtained by hydrolyzing animal and / or plant-derived proteins with hydrochloric acid or the like, or those obtained by decomposing with an enzyme such as protease.
- proteolytic products such as peptone, gelatin, keratin, casein, calcium caseinate, ovalbumin, ⁇ -globulin, or mixtures thereof can be used.
- trade name “PLAST RETARD PE” manufactured by SICIT, etc. may be mentioned.
- the conventional gypsum-based coating material uses hemihydrate gypsum, and when water is added, it causes a hydration reaction of the hemihydrate gypsum, and the reaction curing in which the hemihydrate gypsum changes into dihydrate gypsum and cures. It has been used as a form coating material.
- a conventional reaction-curing gypsum-based coating material even if a setting retarder is used to prevent hydration of the hemihydrate gypsum before application to the adherend, In order to hydrate the water gypsum, it is necessary to add an additive that accelerates the hydration reaction such as a setting accelerator.
- the gypsum composition of the present embodiment is configured so that the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum is suppressed, and is used for a dry-cured gypsum-based coating material. Therefore, it is preferable that the gypsum composition of one embodiment of the present invention does not substantially contain a setting accelerator.
- a gypsum composition that is substantially free of setting accelerator is a dihydrate gypsum based on the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum in powder X-ray diffraction of a coating formed from a mixture of the gypsum composition and water. This is confirmed by having no diffractive peak.
- the gypsum composition of the present embodiment is preferably a composition mainly composed of the above-mentioned hemihydrate gypsum and calcium carbonate.
- the total content (mass%) of hemihydrate gypsum and calcium carbonate in the gypsum composition is preferably 50% by mass or more based on the total mass of the solid content of the gypsum composition, More preferably, it is 60 mass% or more, More preferably, it is 70 mass% or more.
- each content rate (mass%) of hemihydrate gypsum, calcium carbonate, and a setting retarder in the gypsum composition based on the total mass of the solid content of the gypsum composition is the content (parts by mass) described above. Assuming this relationship, it can be within the following range. That is, the content of hemihydrate gypsum in the solid content of the gypsum composition is preferably in the range of 18 to 90% by mass, more preferably in the range of 20 to 90% by mass. In the solid content of the gypsum composition, the content of calcium carbonate is preferably in the range of 8 to 80% by mass, more preferably in the range of 8 to 70% by mass, and the content of the setting retarder is 0. It is preferably in the range of 0.02 to 8% by mass.
- the gypsum composition of the present embodiment can contain various additives in addition to the above components as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- additives include pastes, colorants, thickeners, antifoaming agents, setting accelerators, fillers, aggregates, lightening materials, water reducing agents, water repellents, water repellent aids, and formaldehyde catchers.
- Foaming agent, antifreeze agent, antifungal agent, rust preventive agent, antiseptic agent, antibacterial agent, bactericidal agent, viscosity modifier, plasticizer, lubricant, slip agent, pH adjuster, hygroscopic material, etc. Can be mentioned.
- the gypsum composition of this embodiment preferably contains a paste.
- a gypsum coating material prepared by adding water to the gypsum composition is applied to an adherend and dried and cured to form a coating film. It is possible to improve the tightness and adherence to the adherend, and increase the smoothness and surface hardness.
- the sizing agent examples include copolymers of vinyl esters and ethylene monomers such as polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, ethylene-vinyl versatate copolymer and vinyl acetate-vinyl versatate copolymer, polyacrylic acid, vinyl acetate.
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
- the paste polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic resin, and vinyl acetate resin are preferable.
- the content of the paste in the gypsum composition is preferably 1 to 10% by mass based on the total mass of the gypsum composition.
- a white coating film such as plaster can be formed from a gypsum-based coating material prepared using the gypsum composition of the present embodiment. Such a white wall surface can be formed.
- a colorant can be contained in the gypsum composition. Although there are mainly two types of colorants, dyes and pigments, it is preferable to use pigments.
- inorganic pigments and organic pigments having various colors can be used.
- inorganic pigments include, but are not limited to, zinc oxide, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, chromium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, yellow iron oxide, yellow lead, zinc chromate, talc, ultramarine blue, lead white, carbon black, and phosphorus. Examples thereof include acid salts.
- the organic pigment is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include azo pigments, nitro pigments, nitroso pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, and condensed polycyclic pigments. Lake pigments can also be used.
- the content of the pigment in the gypsum composition can be appropriately set depending on the desired color (lightness, chromaticity, saturation).
- the gypsum composition of the present embodiment can contain a thickener for the purpose of improving the thixotropy of the gypsum-based coating material.
- a thickener for the purpose of improving the thixotropy of the gypsum-based coating material.
- the thickener include cellulosic thickeners, polyacrylamides, pregelatinized starch, starch derivatives, attapulgite, leptite, montmorillonite, and clays such as bentonite.
- a cellulose thickener is preferable.
- Suitable cellulose-based thickeners include hydroxyethyl cellulose, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and salts thereof.
- One or more of these cellulosic thickeners can be used.
- the content of the thickener in the gypsum composition is preferably 0.01 to 2% by mass based on the total mass of the gypsum composition.
- the gypsum composition of the present embodiment can contain an antifoaming agent for the purpose of preventing streaking due to wrinkling and enhancing smoothness when a gypsum-based coating material is applied to an adherend.
- an antifoaming agent for example, silicone-based, alcohol-based, and polyether-based antifoaming agents can be used, and one type can be used alone, or two or more types can be used in combination.
- these antifoaming agents known substances such as synthetic substances or plant-derived natural substances can be used.
- the content of the antifoaming agent in the gypsum composition is preferably 0.01 to 1% by mass based on the total mass of the gypsum composition.
- the gypsum composition of this embodiment can be in the form of, for example, a powder, a tablet, or a lump.
- Each component such as hemihydrate gypsum, calcium carbonate, and setting retarder contained in the gypsum composition may be used together as a single mixed form or may be used as a single agent form These may be used separately as a set (kit).
- the gypsum composition is preferably in a powdery form (a powder aggregate).
- a slurry (liquid) gypsum coating material can be easily prepared by adding water to the gypsum composition at the site where the coating material is applied to the adherend. It becomes possible.
- water is added to the gypsum composition to prepare and use a gypsum-based coating material. It becomes easier to prevent the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum in the gypsum composition. Therefore, it becomes easier to suppress color unevenness of the coating film due to curing of the coating material.
- a gypsum composition containing water is referred to as a gypsum-based coating material. That is, the gypsum-based coating material of one embodiment of the present invention contains hemihydrate gypsum having an average particle diameter of 50 ⁇ m or less, calcium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 50 ⁇ m or less, a setting retarder, and water.
- the content of calcium carbonate is 10 to 400 parts by mass and the content of the setting retarder is 0.1 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum.
- the gypsum-based coating material of this embodiment can be in the form of a slurry (liquid), a paste, or a gel.
- the gypsum-based coating material is preferably in the form of a slurry (liquid) so that the gypsum-based coating material can be directly applied to the adherend.
- it is preferable to contain a reaction terminator in the gypsum-based coating material in order to suppress the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum before use.
- a reaction initiator can be added to the ready-mixed gypsum-based coating material as necessary at the time of use.
- the gypsum composition of one Embodiment of this invention is the above-mentioned powdery form.
- the water content in the gypsum-based coating material is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined according to the application.
- the gypsum-based coating material preferably contains 30 to 60 parts by mass of water with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of hemihydrate gypsum, calcium carbonate, and a setting retarder. Further, the water content is preferably 30 to 60% by mass with respect to the solid gypsum composition.
- the pH of the gypsum-based coating material is preferably 7 or more and less than 9 (near neutral), more preferably 7 or more and 8 or less, and even more preferably 7 or more and less than 8 (neutral). In this specification, pH of a coating material means the value measured at 25 degreeC.
- a pH adjuster When adjusting the pH of the gypsum-based coating material, a pH adjuster can be appropriately added.
- the pH adjuster for example, acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, and bases such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide can be used.
- the gypsum-based coating material of the present embodiment uses the above-described gypsum composition, it can form a coating film in which the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum is suppressed, specifically, the state of hemihydrate gypsum It is also possible to form a coating film in which (the hydration number of calcium sulfate) is substantially maintained. Therefore, the gypsum-based coating material can form a coating film in which color unevenness due to partial or non-uniform hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum is suppressed.
- the gypsum coating material of the present embodiment shows the diffraction peak of hemihydrate gypsum contained in the gypsum coating material in the powder X-ray diffraction measurement when dried and cured to form a coating film. And preferably does not show the diffraction peak of dihydrate gypsum based on the hydration reaction of the hemihydrate gypsum.
- the gypsum-based coating material of the present embodiment preferably has a hydration reaction initial time of 24 hours or more measured according to JIS A6904 described above.
- the ten-point average roughness Rz ( ⁇ m) defined by JIS B0601: 1982 (JIS B0601: 2013 appendix JA) is preferably 5 ⁇ m or less as the surface roughness due to the gypsum-based coating material.
- the lower limit of Rz is not particularly limited, and can be 0.1 ⁇ m or more.
- the gypsum-based coating material of the present embodiment can form a coating film having a type D durometer hardness of 51 or more, more preferably 56 or more, as defined in JIS K6253-3: 2012.
- Each value of the above-mentioned surface roughness and type D durometer hardness can take the value measured from the coating film which apply
- gypsum-based coating materials include joint treatment materials and painted wall materials (for undercoating, topcoating, and both). Since the dry-curing gypsum composition and gypsum-based coating material of the present embodiment are configured not to cause a hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum contained in the gypsum-based coating material, It is possible to prevent color unevenness due to partial or non-uniform hydration reaction of gypsum. Therefore, the gypsum composition and the gypsum-based coating material of this embodiment are suitable for being used as a material that appears on the surface or a material that is thinly formed. From this point of view, it is preferably used as a coating wall material.
- the gypsum composition and the gypsum-based coating material of the present embodiment can form a thin and smooth coating film
- the gypsum composition and the gypsum-based coating material can be used as a coating wall material for top coating or for both undercoating and top coating. More preferably, it is more preferably used for a coating wall material having a thin coating thickness of 3 mm or less for both overcoating and dual use.
- the gypsum composition of the present embodiment described above contains a half-water gypsum having an average particle size of 50 ⁇ m or less, calcium carbonate, and a setting retarder in specific ratios, so that a thin, smooth and high surface hardness coating film is formed. It is possible to suppress the hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum. Therefore, when water is added to the gypsum composition to form a gypsum-based coating material, the gypsum-based coating material is dried and cured, so that the gypsum-based gypsum composition is a thin coating film with good resistance to scratches and impacts.
- the gypsum-based coating material obtained by adding water to the gypsum composition of the present embodiment can form a coating film in which color unevenness due to partial or non-uniform hydration reaction of hemihydrate gypsum is suppressed. .
- the half-water gypsum and calcium carbonate to be contained as the main material in the gypsum composition of the present embodiment are white, by using a gypsum-based coating material obtained by adding water to the gypsum composition, a thin and smooth plaster It is possible to form a toned coating film.
- the pH of the plaster-based coating material is in a basic region, and dust may fly during the operation of applying the plaster-based coating material.
- the plaster is difficult to adhere to the plasterboard, and the paint film peels off from the plasterboard base paper present on the surface of the plasterboard, or the color of the baseboard for plasterboard May be colored on a finished surface (for example, a wall surface) coated with a coating material.
- the gypsum composition of this embodiment it is possible to easily prepare a gypsum-based coating material having a pH of 7 or more and less than 9, and the safety is further improved. ) And can prevent the above-mentioned color image. Therefore, the gypsum composition and the gypsum-based coating material of the present embodiment are preferably used for reforming an interior wall or an exterior wall of a building as compared with a plaster-based coating material.
- the gypsum composition of this embodiment can take the following structure as above-mentioned.
- a hemihydrate gypsum having an average particle diameter of 50 ⁇ m or less, calcium carbonate having an average particle diameter of 50 ⁇ m or less, and a setting retarder, and 100 parts by mass of the hemihydrate gypsum
- a dry-curing gypsum composition for coating material having a content of 10 to 400 parts by mass and a content of the setting retarder of 0.1 parts by mass or more.
- the setting retarder is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, malic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, and salts thereof, and sucrose, starch, and proteolysate.
- the gypsum coating material of this embodiment can take the following structure.
- the method for applying a gypsum-based coating material according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a step of applying a gypsum-based coating material to an adherend (hereinafter, also referred to as “application step”).
- the gypsum-based coating material is a dry-curing gypsum-based coating material prepared by adding water to the gypsum composition for coating material according to the above-described embodiment, or the dry-curing type material according to the above-described embodiment. Use a gypsum-based coating material.
- the coating step can form a coating film in which the state of hemihydrate gypsum is maintained, and more specifically, in the powder X-ray diffraction measurement, hemihydrate gypsum contained in the gypsum-based coating material.
- hemihydrate gypsum-based coating material hemihydrate gypsum-based coating material.
- the construction method of the gypsum-based coating material of the present embodiment can suppress uneven color of the coating film formed from the gypsum-based coating material, and the coating film by the gypsum-based coating material It can be employed as a method for preventing color unevenness.
- the construction method of the present embodiment is a process of adding a water to the gypsum composition for coating materials according to the above-described embodiment to prepare a dry-cured gypsum coating material (hereinafter referred to as “preparation process”). May be included).
- preparation process it is preferable to add 30 to 60 parts by mass of water to the total amount of hemihydrate gypsum, calcium carbonate, and setting retarder in the gypsum composition in the gypsum composition.
- the adherend (base) to which the gypsum-based coating material of this embodiment is applied is not particularly limited.
- the adherend (base) include cement-based and gypsum-based substrates, wood-based substrates, plaster walls, various plastic-based substrates, and various metal-based substrates.
- Specific examples of cement-based and gypsum-based substrates include gypsum board, gypsum plaster, dolomite plaster, concrete, earth wall, diatomaceous earth wall, pulp cement board, and wood-based cement board (wood wool cement board and wood chip cement board).
- wood substrate include wood boards such as plywood (veneer boards), wood fiber boards, and particle boards, single board laminates, and laminated boards.
- the adherend (base) may be one to which a cloth is attached or one to which various paints are applied. That is, according to the construction method of the present embodiment, by applying the above-described gypsum-based coating material on the cloth (wallpaper) or paint coating surface, the walls of the building (interior wall and exterior wall), floor, It is possible to reform the ceiling and the like.
- the tool used when applying the gypsum-based coating material to the adherend (base) is not particularly limited. Can be used.
- the coating amount of the gypsum coating material on the adherend in the coating step is preferably 1.0 to 6.3 kg / m 2 .
- the coating thickness of the gypsum coating material on the adherend is preferably 0.5 to 3 mm.
- the construction method of the present embodiment preferably further includes a step of providing a water-repellent coating film on the coating film formed by drying and curing the gypsum-based coating material after the coating process.
- a water-repellent coating film on a gypsum-based coating film (gypsum-based coating film)
- a coating film in which the state of hemihydrate gypsum is maintained (more specifically, dihydrate gypsum which shows a diffraction peak of hemihydrate gypsum in powder X-ray diffraction measurement and is based on the hydration reaction of the hemihydrate gypsum. It is possible to stably hold a coating film that does not show the diffraction peak of (2).
- the step of providing the water-repellent coating on the gypsum-based coating can be performed by applying a water-repellent coating on the gypsum-based coating.
- a water-repellent coating conventionally, various materials that can impart water repellency and antifouling properties by applying on plaster, gypsum plaster, gypsum board, calcium silicate plate, and the like can be used.
- Commercially available water-repellent paints can also be used, and examples of the commercially available products include FJ150, FJ170, FJ171, and FJ172 (all are trade names manufactured by Taiga Rex). If FJ170, FJ171, FJ172 or the like is used, stain resistance against oil stains can be imparted.
- a water-repellent coating film is further provided. Even when a process is involved, sufficient workability can be ensured.
- the gypsum-based coating material according to one embodiment of the present invention can be subjected to the next step in the same time as the above-mentioned time, similarly to the conventional dry-curing type coating material.
- the construction method of the gypsum-based coating material of this embodiment can take the following configuration.
- a dry-cured gypsum-based coating material prepared by adding water to the gypsum composition for coating material according to any one of the above [1] to [8], or any of the above-mentioned [9] to [12]
- a method for applying a gypsum-based coating material comprising a step of applying the dry-curing gypsum-based coating material according to claim 1 to an adherend.
- the construction method according to [13] wherein an amount of the gypsum coating material applied to the adherend is 1.0 to 6.3 kg / m 2 .
- a stucco composition a brand name “Muramura no plaster (coating)” manufactured by Murata Lime Industry Co., Ltd. was prepared.
- water is added to the stucco composition at a water mixing rate of 80% (80 parts of water is added to 100 parts of the stucco composition) and kneaded to prepare a stucco coating material used for the test body 1. did.
- the gypsum composition for coating materials used for specimens 2 to 20 includes a gypsum composition for coating materials (a total of hemihydrate gypsum, calcium carbonate, and setting retarder).
- a gypsum composition for coating materials a total of hemihydrate gypsum, calcium carbonate, and setting retarder.
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- each gypsum composition water is added to the gypsum composition at a water mixing ratio of 40% (40 parts of water is added to 100 parts of the gypsum composition), and each gypsum coating material used for the test bodies 2 to 20 is used.
- the pH of the gypsum-based coating material was adjusted using slaked lime.
- ⁇ Preparation of Specimens 1-20> Each of the prepared coating materials was applied to the surface of a plaster board (board thickness: 9.5 mm, manufactured by Yoshino Gypsum Co., Ltd., trade name “Tiger Board”) having a length of 30 cm and a width of 30 cm to a thickness of 1 mm.
- the coating amount of the coating material at this time was 1.7 kg / m 2 per unit area of the gypsum board.
- the coating material applied to the gypsum board was dried and cured at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 50% RH for 24 hours to form a coating film.
- Each gypsum board on which the coating film was formed was dried for a constant time in a dryer at 40 ° C. for 24 hours to prepare test bodies 1 to 20, respectively.
- the coating film in each specimen was X-ray diffracted to confirm the presence of dihydrate gypsum.
- an X-ray diffractometer (trade name “LabX XRD-6100” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) was used. The entire surface of the coating film on the test body is scraped off, and the coating powder removed from the entire surface of the coating film is filled into a dedicated holder of an X-ray diffractometer, and the diffraction angle (2 ⁇ angle ( ⁇ : incident angle)) is 10.
- the powder X-ray diffraction pattern was measured in the range of ° to 16 °.
- the measurement conditions were: Target: Cu, Filter: Ni, Voltage: 30 V, Current: 10 mA, Scanning speed: 1 ° / min.
- Tables 1 to 4 show the presence or absence of hemihydrate gypsum peaks and dihydrate gypsum peaks.
- FIG. 1 shows a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of a coating film collected from the test body 2, and FIG. Note that the powder X-ray diffraction pattern as shown in FIG. 1 was confirmed for each coating film collected from the test bodies 3 to 11 and 14 to 20, and the coating film collected from the test body 13 was shown in FIG. Such a powder X-ray diffraction pattern was confirmed.
- a coating film having a rough surface and low surface hardness was formed.
- the cause of this is considered to be that the tsunami generated when the gypsum-based coating material prepared by adding water to the gypsum composition was applied to the gypsum board in the preparation of the test body 11 was difficult to disappear even by the pressing operation. .
- the reason why the tsunami was hard to disappear is presumed to be that an excessive amount of calcium carbonate existed on the surface layer side in the formation process of the coating film, and the surface layer side of the coating film in the process of formation was harder .
- test body 12 prepared using the gypsum composition containing no setting retarder and the test body 13 prepared using the gypsum composition containing 0.07 part of the setting retarder with respect to 100 parts of hemihydrate gypsum.
- the test bodies 12 and 13 In the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the coating film, each diffraction peak of hemihydrate gypsum and dihydrate gypsum was confirmed. Therefore, in the test bodies 12 and 13, it was shown that hemihydrate gypsum partially hydrated and formed a coating film in which color unevenness was likely to occur.
- the standard softness described in JIS A6904 is set to 20 ⁇ 2 mm, and the others are JIS A6904. According to, the initial time of the hydration reaction was measured up to 24 hours and 48 hours. As a result, the position where the needle used for the measurement stopped was 0 mm from the bottom of the container containing the gypsum-based coating material after both 24 hours and 48 hours had elapsed.
- the coating thickness of the gypsum-based coating material when producing the above-described test body is a thin coating of 3 mm or less, in the above-mentioned test body, the gypsum-based coating material does not undergo a hydration reaction, It is considered that the moisture in the gypsum-based coating material was absorbed by the adherend and evaporated into the air to form a coating film by dry curing. This means that the completion time of drying and curing was earlier than the initial time of the hydration reaction of the gypsum-based coating material, and a coating film by drying and curing was formed.
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Abstract
Description
上述の通り、本発明者らの検討の結果、半水石膏を含有する反応硬化形の石膏系塗材を用いて、塗り厚が3mm以下の薄塗りを行うと、色ムラのある塗膜が形成されやすくなることが分かった。本発明者らは、色ムラの原因について検討したところ、薄塗りであるが故に、塗材中の水分が下地である被着体に吸収され、または、水分が空気中へ蒸発することで、石膏系塗材の硬化によって形成される塗膜に未反応な半水石膏が残るドライアウトが発生しやすいためであると考えた。このドライアウトによって、半水石膏が部分的又は不均一に水和反応して形成された塗膜において、半水石膏の未反応部分(ドライアウト部分)と反応部分との間で上述の色ムラが発生するものと考えられる。
これは、上述の色ムラは、塗材用石膏組成物に水を加えて石膏系塗材とした場合に、塗材中の水分が下地である被着体に吸収されるか、水分が空気中へ蒸発することで塗材の乾燥硬化が完了する時間(以下、「乾燥硬化の完了時間」ともいう)よりも、塗材中の半水石膏の水和反応の始発時間が早い石膏組成物である場合に発生しうると考えられる。
なお、本明細書において、半水石膏の水和反応を生じ難いように構成した石膏組成物とは、当該石膏組成物に水を加えて石膏系塗材とした場合に、半水石膏の水和反応の始発時間よりも、塗材中の水分が下地である被着体に吸収され、または、水分が空気中へも蒸発し、塗材の乾燥硬化の完了時間がより早い石膏組成物であることを意味する。乾燥硬化の完了時間が水和反応の始発時間よりも早い場合、水和反応のために必要な量の水分が周囲に存在しないため、水和反応が抑制される。
本明細書において、水を含有する石膏組成物を石膏系塗材と称することとする。すなわち、本発明の一実施形態の石膏系塗材は、平均粒子径が50μm以下の半水石膏と、平均粒子径が50μm以下の炭酸カルシウムと、凝結遅延剤と、水と、を含有する。そして、この石膏系塗材では、半水石膏100質量部に対して、炭酸カルシウムの含有量が10~400質量部であり、凝結遅延剤の含有量が0.1質量部以上である。
[1]平均粒子径が50μm以下の半水石膏と、平均粒子径が50μm以下の炭酸カルシウムと、凝結遅延剤と、を含有し、前記半水石膏100質量部に対して、前記炭酸カルシウムの含有量が10~400質量部であり、前記凝結遅延剤の含有量が0.1質量部以上である、乾燥硬化形の塗材用石膏組成物。
[2]前記半水石膏の平均粒子径が40μm以下であり、前記炭酸カルシウムの平均粒子径が40μm以下である前記[1]に記載の石膏組成物。
[3]前記炭酸カルシウムの含有量が、前記半水石膏100質量部に対して、10~200質量部である前記[1]又は[2]に記載の石膏組成物。
[4]前記凝結遅延剤の含有量が、前記半水石膏100質量部に対して、0.1~10質量部である前記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の石膏組成物。
[5]前記凝結遅延剤の含有量が、前記半水石膏100質量部に対して、0.1~2質量部である前記[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の石膏組成物。
[6]前記凝結遅延剤が、クエン酸、コハク酸、酢酸、リンゴ酸、エチレンジアミン四酢酸、ジエチレントリアミン五酢酸、及びこれらの塩、並びにショ糖、澱粉、及びタンパク質分解物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である前記[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の石膏組成物。
[7]前記塗材用石膏組成物に水を加えて乾燥硬化させて塗膜としたときの粉末X線回折において、前記半水石膏の回折ピークを示し、前記半水石膏の水和反応に基づく二水石膏の回折ピークを示さない、前記[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の石膏組成物。
[8]前記塗材用石膏組成物に水を加えたときの水和反応の始発時間が24時間以上である前記[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の石膏組成物。
[9]平均粒子径が50μm以下の半水石膏と、平均粒子径が50μm以下の炭酸カルシウムと、凝結遅延剤と、水と、を含有し、前記半水石膏100質量部に対して、前記炭酸カルシウムの含有量が10~400質量部であり、前記凝結遅延剤の含有量が0.1質量部以上である、乾燥硬化形の石膏系塗材。
[10]前記半水石膏、前記炭酸カルシウム、及び前記凝結遅延剤の合計100質量部に対して、前記水を30~60質量部含有する前記[9]に記載の石膏系塗材。
[11]pHが7以上9未満である前記[9]又は[10]に記載の石膏系塗材。
[12]乾燥硬化させて塗膜としたときの粉末X線回折において、前記半水石膏の回折ピークを示し、前記半水石膏の水和反応に基づく二水石膏の回折ピークを示さない、前記[9]~[11]のいずれかに記載の石膏系塗材。
本発明の一実施形態の石膏系塗材の施工方法は、石膏系塗材を被着体に塗布する工程(以下、「塗布工程」と称することがある。)を含む。この施工方法において、石膏系塗材には、前述の実施形態に係る塗材用石膏組成物に水を加えて調製した乾燥硬化形の石膏系塗材、又は前述の実施形態に係る乾燥硬化形の石膏系塗材を用いる。そのため、前記塗布工程によって、半水石膏の状態が維持された塗膜を形成することができ、より具体的には、粉末X線回折測定において、石膏系塗材に含有されていた半水石膏の回折ピークを示し、かつ、その半水石膏の水和反応に基づく二水石膏の回折ピークを示さない塗膜を形成することが可能である。このような塗膜を形成できることから、本実施形態の石膏系塗材の施工方法は、石膏系塗材から形成される塗膜の色ムラを抑制することができ、石膏系塗材による塗膜の色ムラ防止方法として採用することができる。
[13]前記[1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の塗材用石膏組成物に水を加えて調製した乾燥硬化形の石膏系塗材、又は前記[9]~[12]のいずれかに記載の乾燥硬化形の石膏系塗材を被着体に塗布する工程を含む、石膏系塗材の施工方法。
[14]前記被着体に対する前記石膏系塗材の塗布量が、1.0~6.3kg/m2である前記[13]に記載の施工方法。
[15]前記被着体に対する前記石膏系塗材の塗り厚が、0.5~3mmである前記[13]又は[14]に記載の施工方法。
[16]前記石膏系塗材による塗膜の上に、さらに撥水性塗膜を設ける工程を含む前記[13]~[15]のいずれかに記載の施工方法。
漆喰組成物として、村樫石灰工業社製の商品名「村樫のしっくい(上塗)」を準備した。試験例1では、その漆喰組成物に混水率80%で水を添加して(漆喰組成物100部に水80部を添加して)混練し、試験体1に用いる漆喰系塗材を調製した。
試験例2~20では、試験体2~20に用いる塗材用石膏組成物として、表1~4の上段(単位:質量部)に示す各成分を混合機で十分に混合撹拌して、各配合の塗材用石膏組成物を得た。凝結遅延剤としては、試験例2~17では市販の平均粒子径が20μmの粉末状のタンパク質分解物、試験例18では平均粒子径が20μmのエチレンジアミン四酢酸二ナトリウム、試験例19では平均粒子径が20μmのリンゴ酸ナトリウム、試験例20ではジエチレントリアミン五酢酸を用いた。また、表1~4には示していないが、試験体2~20に用いる塗材用石膏組成物には、塗材用石膏組成物(半水石膏、炭酸カルシウム、及び凝結遅延剤の合計)100部に対して、糊剤(バインダー)としてエチレン-酢酸ビニル(EVA)コポリマー(ワッカーケミカル社製、商品名「RE546Z」)を5部配合した。
得られた各石膏組成物について、石膏組成物に混水率40%で水を添加し(石膏組成物100部に水40部を添加し)、試験体2~20に用いる各石膏系塗材を調製した。試験例19では、消石灰を用いて、石膏系塗材のpHを調整した。
調製した各塗材を、縦30cm×横30cmの石膏ボード(ボード厚さ:9.5mm、吉野石膏社製、商品名「タイガーボード」)の表面に鏝で1mmの厚さに塗り付けた。このときの塗材の塗布量は、石膏ボードの単位面積当たり、1.7kg/m2とした。石膏ボードに塗布した塗材を、温度23℃及び湿度50%RHで24時間、乾燥硬化させて塗膜を形成した。塗膜が形成された各石膏ボードを40℃の乾燥器内で、24時間恒量乾燥して、それぞれ試験体1~20を作製した。
[pH]
試験体1に用いた漆喰組成物、並びに試験体2~20に用いた各石膏組成物について、各組成物10gを採取し、それを200mlのイオン交換水に投入した。pHメーター(東亜電液工業社製の商品名「pH METER HM-5S」)を使用して、組成物の投入3分後のpHを測定した。pHの測定値から以下の基準にしたがって、評価した。各組成物を用いて測定したpHの値と、評価結果を表1~4に示す。
A:pHが7.0以上8.0未満であった。
B:pHが8.0以上9.0未満であった。
C:pHが9.0以上であった。
表面粗さ測定機(ミツトヨ社製の商品名「suftest 402」)を用いて、得られた試験体1~20のそれぞれについて、JIS B0601:1982で規定される表面粗さを測定した。評価には、測定された十点平均粗さRz(μm)を用い、以下の基準にしたがって、評価した。Rzの値が低いほど試料における塗膜表面が平滑であることを表す。各試料のRzの値及び評価結果を表1~4に示す。
A:Rzが2.0μm未満であった。
B:Rzが2.0μm以上5.0μm未満であった。
C:Rzが5.0μm以上であった。
試験体1~20のそれぞれの塗膜表面について、ゴム硬度計(TECLOCK社製 TYPED)を用いて表面硬度を測定した。具体的には、各試験体における塗膜表面にゴム硬度計を押し付け、JIS K6253-3:2012の規定に準拠したタイプDデュロメータ硬さ(以下、「タイプD硬度」と記す。)を測定した。各試験体のタイプD硬度の測定値から、以下の基準にしたがって、評価した。各試験体の表面硬度及び評価結果を表1~4に示す。
A:タイプD硬度が56以上であった。
B:タイプD硬度が51以上56未満であった。
C:タイプD硬度が51未満であった。
各試験体における塗膜をX線回折し、二水石膏の有無を確認した。X線回折には、X線回折装置(島津製作所社製の商品名「LabX XRD-6100」)を用いた。試験体における塗膜表面全体を皮すきで削り取り、塗膜表面全体から削り取った塗膜粉末をX線回折装置の専用ホルダーに充填して、回折角度(2θ角度(θ:入射角))が10°~16°の範囲で、粉末X線回折パターンを測定した。測定条件は、ターゲット:Cu、Filter:Ni、電圧:30V、電流:10mA、スキャニング速度:1°/minとした。
Claims (16)
- 平均粒子径が50μm以下の半水石膏と、
平均粒子径が50μm以下の炭酸カルシウムと、
凝結遅延剤と、を含有し、
前記半水石膏100質量部に対して、前記炭酸カルシウムの含有量が10~400質量部であり、前記凝結遅延剤の含有量が0.1質量部以上である、乾燥硬化形の塗材用石膏組成物。 - 前記半水石膏の平均粒子径が40μm以下であり、
前記炭酸カルシウムの平均粒子径が40μm以下である請求項1に記載の塗材用石膏組成物。 - 前記炭酸カルシウムの含有量が、前記半水石膏100質量部に対して、10~200質量部である請求項1又は2に記載の塗材用石膏組成物。
- 前記凝結遅延剤の含有量が、前記半水石膏100質量部に対して、0.1~10質量部である請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の塗材用石膏組成物。
- 前記凝結遅延剤の含有量が、前記半水石膏100質量部に対して、0.1~2質量部である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の塗材用石膏組成物。
- 前記凝結遅延剤が、クエン酸、コハク酸、酢酸、リンゴ酸、エチレンジアミン四酢酸、ジエチレントリアミン五酢酸、及びこれらの塩、並びにショ糖、澱粉、及びタンパク質分解物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の塗材用石膏組成物。
- 前記塗材用石膏組成物に水を加えて乾燥硬化させて塗膜としたときの粉末X線回折において、前記半水石膏の回折ピークを示し、前記半水石膏の水和反応に基づく二水石膏の回折ピークを示さない、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の塗材用石膏組成物。
- 前記塗材用石膏組成物に水を加えたときの水和反応の始発時間が24時間以上である請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の塗材用石膏組成物。
- 平均粒子径が50μm以下の半水石膏と、
平均粒子径が50μm以下の炭酸カルシウムと、
凝結遅延剤と、
水と、を含有し、
前記半水石膏100質量部に対して、前記炭酸カルシウムの含有量が10~400質量部であり、前記凝結遅延剤の含有量が0.1質量部以上である、乾燥硬化形の石膏系塗材。 - 前記半水石膏、前記炭酸カルシウム、及び前記凝結遅延剤の合計100質量部に対して、前記水を30~60質量部含有する請求項9に記載の石膏系塗材。
- pHが7以上9未満である請求項9又は10に記載の石膏系塗材。
- 乾燥硬化させて塗膜としたときの粉末X線回折において、前記半水石膏の回折ピークを示し、前記半水石膏の水和反応に基づく二水石膏の回折ピークを示さない、請求項9~11のいずれか1項に記載の石膏系塗材。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の塗材用石膏組成物に水を加えて調製した乾燥硬化形の石膏系塗材、又は請求項9~12のいずれか1項に記載の乾燥硬化形の石膏系塗材を被着体に塗布する工程を含む、石膏系塗材の施工方法。
- 前記被着体に対する前記石膏系塗材の塗布量が、1.0~6.3kg/m2である請求項13に記載の施工方法。
- 前記被着体に対する前記石膏系塗材の塗り厚が、0.5~3mmである請求項13又は14に記載の施工方法。
- 前記石膏系塗材による塗膜の上に、さらに撥水性塗膜を設ける工程を含む請求項13~15のいずれか1項に記載の施工方法。
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