WO2017063370A1 - 一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架及其应用 - Google Patents

一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2017063370A1
WO2017063370A1 PCT/CN2016/084694 CN2016084694W WO2017063370A1 WO 2017063370 A1 WO2017063370 A1 WO 2017063370A1 CN 2016084694 W CN2016084694 W CN 2016084694W WO 2017063370 A1 WO2017063370 A1 WO 2017063370A1
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Prior art keywords
hydraulic support
self
support
parallel mechanism
base
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PCT/CN2016/084694
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张鑫
张文龙
曾庆良
万丽荣
于鹏飞
朱岩朋
关旭东
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山东科技大学
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Publication of WO2017063370A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017063370A1/zh

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor

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  • the invention relates to a self-moving end hydraulic support based on a parallel mechanism and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of mine equipment.
  • the intersection of the roadway and the cut-eye at the coal mining face of the coal mine is called the end, and the support for the end part is called the end support.
  • the end part is the intersection of the scraper conveyor and the transfer machine, and it is also the throat of the pedestrian passage, ventilation, transportation and coal transportation.
  • the quality of the end support is the key to determining whether the work surface can operate normally. According to the statistics of the relevant security departments, personal injury and death at the end accounted for more than 60% of the downhole accidents, which must be taken seriously.
  • the end face of the coal mining face still adopts the support method of the single hydraulic prop with the anchor net.
  • the support method has many shortcomings.
  • the supporting force and the supporting surface of the single hydraulic prop are small, and the supporting effect is small. difference.
  • the bracket, the scraper conveyor, and the transfer machine move forward with the cutting eyes, the pillars at both ends of the incision need to be unloaded one by one, and then manually transported to the section to be taken, and then re-pressurized;
  • the weight and length of the single hydraulic props are large, and it is very difficult to carry in a limited space.
  • the present invention provides a self-moving end hydraulic support based on a parallel mechanism.
  • the present invention also provides a method of using the above-described self-moving end hydraulic support based on a parallel mechanism.
  • a self-moving end hydraulic support based on a parallel mechanism comprising a front hydraulic support and a rear hydraulic support, wherein the front hydraulic support and the rear hydraulic support are connected by a jack, the front hydraulic support comprises parallel Two front bases, a base connecting rod, a front top beam and a front pillar are arranged, one side of the two front bases is fixedly connected by a base connecting rod, and a plurality of the front pillars are symmetrically arranged on the two front bases, front The two ends of the column are respectively hinged with the front top beam and the front base; the rear hydraulic support comprises a rear base, a rear top beam, a shield beam, a first link, a second link and a rear column, and the first link, The two ends of the second connecting rod are respectively hinged with the rear base and the shielding beam, one end of the shielding beam is hinged with the rear top beam, and the two ends of the rear pillar are respectively hinged with the rear top beam and the rear base.
  • a side guard is disposed on one side of the front top beam, and a side push jack is disposed between the side guard and the front top beam, and two ends of the side push jack are respectively hinged with the front top beam and the side guard.
  • the advantage of this design is that the side wall can be supported by installing the side guard on the outer side of the front top beam.
  • the side guard can be supported on the side wall of the roadway to prevent the inverted function.
  • the hydraulic support of the working surface can be supported to prevent the hydraulic support of the working surface from falling and sliding.
  • the front pillar and the rear pillar adopt a multi-stage telescopic cylinder.
  • the advantage of this design is that multi-stage telescopic cylinders are used, the front and rear top beams support a large height, and the support height is convenient and adjustable.
  • the two ends of the front pillar are respectively hingedly hinged with the front top beam and the front base ball.
  • the advantage of this design is that the ball joint is used to make the front top beam have multiple degrees of freedom, and the front top beam can be adjusted in any spatial position.
  • the front top beam and the front base are provided with a column socket, the two ends of the front column are spherical, the two ends of the front column are placed in the column socket, and the column socket is provided with a cover plate.
  • the advantage of this design is that the cover on the column can effectively prevent the spherical end of the front post from slipping out of the column.
  • the cover plate is fixed to the column socket by a pin.
  • the advantage of this design is that the cap is mounted on the column by means of a pin, which is easier to install than other methods.
  • connection between the front pillar and the column socket is provided with a damping device.
  • the advantage of this design is that the damping device limits the excessive tilting of the front pillar.
  • three rows of front pillars are disposed between the front top beam and the front base.
  • the advantage of this design is that the front sill is supported by three rows of six front pillars, which have high support strength and high safety.
  • the two ends of the shifting jack are respectively hinged with the front base and the rear base.
  • the rear hydraulic support further comprises a folding beam and a pulling jack, the folding beam is hinged with one end of the rear top beam, one end of the pulling jack is hinged with the folding beam, and the other end is fixedly connected with the rear top beam.
  • a method for using a self-moving end hydraulic support based on a parallel mechanism comprising the following steps,
  • step (4) After the front hydraulic support is moved forward in step (4), the front pillars are all extended, so that the front top beam is re-tensioned to the top plate of the end;
  • the driving side push jack pushes the side guard to support the side wall, and extends the folding beam to support the hollow top plate between the front top beams.
  • the front hydraulic support of the end hydraulic support of the present invention adopts a parallel mechanism, so that the front top beam has six degrees of freedom, so that the front top beam reaches any position of the space, and the front top beam and the top plate can achieve better.
  • the combination greatly maintains the integrity of the top plate, and the front hydraulic support does not need to be equipped with a four-bar linkage mechanism, which reduces the use of the mechanism, reduces the amount of materials, can effectively achieve energy saving and emission reduction, and saves space and reduces space.
  • the overall size is convenient for underground transportation.
  • the front hydraulic support of the end hydraulic support of the present invention adopts a parallel mechanism. Compared with the traditional single hydraulic prop, the support force and the support surface are large, the support effect is good, and the front top beam and the end top plate can be very good. The fit greatly improves the safety of the top plate and reduces the occurrence of downhole accidents.
  • the front hydraulic support of the end hydraulic support of the present invention uses a multi-stage telescopic cylinder to connect the front top beam and the front base, so that the height adjustment range of the front top beam is large, and the front hydraulic support and the rear hydraulic support are connected by a jacking jack.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view showing the overall structure of a self-moving end hydraulic support of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a left side view of the front hydraulic support of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the front hydraulic support base of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of a portion B of Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of a portion C of Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a partial schematic view showing the connection of the side guard and the front top beam of the present invention.
  • the embodiment provides a self-moving end hydraulic support based on a parallel mechanism, as shown in FIG. 1 , including a front hydraulic support and a rear hydraulic support; wherein the front hydraulic support includes two front bases 5 arranged in parallel
  • the base connecting rod 14, the front top beam 6 and the front pillar, one side of the two front bases 5 are fixedly connected by the base connecting rod 14.
  • the two ends of the base connecting rod 14 and the two front bases 5 are bolted.
  • connection is fixedly connected, and three rows of the front pillars (including the first row of front pillars 1, the second row of front pillars 2 and the third row of front pillars 3) are symmetrically arranged on the two front bases 5, and the front pillars are
  • the two ends are respectively hinged with the front top beam 6 and the front base 5, and the front top beam 6 corresponds to the front base 5;
  • the rear hydraulic support includes a rear base 23, a rear top beam 19, a folding beam 13, a pull jack 26, and a cover
  • the beam 20, the first link 21, the second link 22 and the rear pillar 4, the two ends of the first link 21 and the second link 22 are respectively hinged with the rear base 23 and the shield beam 20, and one end of the shield beam 20 is shielded Hinged to one end of the rear top beam 19, the other end of the rear top beam 19 is hinged to the folding beam 13, pulling
  • the jack 26 is located below the folding beam 13 and the rear roof beam 19.
  • One end of the pull jack 26 is hinged to the bottom of the folding beam 13, and the other end is fixedly connected with the bottom of the rear roof beam 19.
  • the two ends of the rear pillar 4 are respectively connected with the rear top beam. 19 is hinged to the rear base 23.
  • the two front bases 5 and the base connecting rod 14 form a U-shaped receiving groove for the installation of the transfer machine and the scraper, so that the loader is directly arranged on the roadway floor, which reduces the accumulation of the floating coal and prevents the bottom of the hydraulic support. .
  • the front top beam 6 is an integral steel plate, and the side top plate 6 is provided with a side guard plate 7 on one side, and the side guard plate 7 is a single L-shaped steel plate, wherein one side and the upper surface of the front top beam 6 are in parallel contact with each other without connection.
  • the other side is perpendicular to the upper surface of the front top beam 6 and is provided with a symmetric lug on the inner side thereof, the side guard plate connecting groove 8 between the symmetric lugs, and the front end of the piston rod of the side pushing jack 9 is placed on the side guard plate
  • the connecting groove 8 and through the pin 27 penetrate the symmetrical lug and the front end of the piston rod, so that the two are hinged together, the specific connection manner is shown in FIG.
  • the side wall can be supported by installing the side guard 7 on the outer side of the front top beam 6.
  • the side guard 7 can be supported on the roadway wall to prevent the reverse action, and on the other hand, It can support the hydraulic support of the working face and prevent the hydraulic support of the working face from falling and sliding.
  • the front column and the rear column are both multi-stage telescopic cylinders. In this embodiment, they are three-stage telescopic cylinders.
  • the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is adopted, the front and rear top beams support a large height, and the support height is convenient and adjustable.
  • Both ends of the front pillar are hingedly hinged to the front top beam 6 and the front base 5, respectively.
  • Ball joints are used to make the front top beam 6 There are multiple degrees of freedom to achieve adjustment of the front header 6 in any spatial position.
  • Both the front top beam 6 and the front base 5 are provided with a column socket.
  • the two ends of the front column are designed as spherical ends 17, 18, and the spherical ends at the two ends of the front column are placed in the column socket, and the column hole is provided with a cover plate 15 -1, 15-2, the cover plate is fixed on the column socket by four pins 16-1, 16-2, the pin shaft is a circular pin shaft, and the pin shaft hole passing through the two pedestals of the base is closely attached to the cover plate on.
  • the cover plate on the column can effectively prevent the spherical end of the front column from slipping out of the column socket, and the cover plate is mounted on the column socket by a pin shaft, which is convenient to install compared with other methods.
  • the rear hydraulic support is connected to the two front bases 5 through two shifting jacks 12, the front ends of the two front bases 5 are provided with a front base connecting groove 24, and the end of the rear base 23 is provided with a rear base connecting groove 25, which is changed. Both ends of the jack 12 are hinged to the front base 5 and the rear base 23 through the front base connecting groove 24 and the rear base connecting groove 25, respectively.
  • the front hydraulic support of the invention can be separately controlled by the six front pillars, so that the front roof beam has six degrees of freedom, and can reach any position of the space, so that the front roof beam and the coal seam roof plate are more closely fitted, and the roof of the coal seam is protected. Integrity.
  • the front beam movement is more flexible, it can avoid the mutual interference between the end bracket and the excessive bracket, avoid the problems of extrusion, pressure frame, etc., and can adapt to various roadway forms: rectangular roadway and trapezoidal roadway.
  • the embodiment provides a self-moving end hydraulic support based on a parallel mechanism.
  • the structure is as described in Embodiment 1, and the difference is that the number of the side guards 7 is three, and the three side guards 7 are juxtaposed.
  • each side guard 7 articulates two side push jacks 9, which are pushed out or pulled back by the two side push jacks 9.
  • the application of the side push jacks and side guards can be adapted to the support of the ends of different widths, and the side guards are pushed out by the side push jacks to contact the mine shaft wall.
  • the side guard can also adjust the walking position of the bracket. If the position of the front hydraulic bracket is offset, the side guard can be pushed out by the side push jack. Adjust the position of the front hydraulic support so that the bracket moves forward along the preset path.
  • the embodiment provides a self-moving end hydraulic support based on a parallel mechanism.
  • the structure is as described in Embodiment 2.
  • the difference is that a damping device is provided at the connection between the front pillar and the column socket, and the damping device is elastic.
  • the limit damper device adopts a rubber plug in the embodiment, and the damper device can limit the excessive tilt of the front pillar.
  • a method for using a self-moving end hydraulic support based on a parallel mechanism comprising the following steps,
  • step (4) After the front hydraulic support is moved forward in step (4), the front pillars are all extended, so that the front top beam 6 is re-tensioned to the top plate of the end;
  • the position of the front hydraulic support can be adjusted by pushing the jack to push out the side guard to advance the bracket along the preset route.

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Abstract

一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架及其使用方法,包括前部液压支架和后部液压支架,前、后部液压支架通过推移千斤顶(12)连接,前部液压支架包括平行设置的两个前底座(5)、底座连接杆(14)、前顶梁(6)和前立柱(1-3),两个前底座的一侧通过底座连接杆固定连接,在两个前底座上对称设置有多个所述的前立柱,前立柱的两端分别与前顶梁和前底座相铰接。其中,前部液压支架采用并联机构,可使前顶梁具有六个自由度,使前顶梁达到空间的任意位置,前顶梁与顶板之间能够实现更好的结合,极大的维护了顶板的完整性,其支撑力和支撑面大,支撑效果好,通过液压驱动实现整体自移,无需人工搬运,大大降低了工作强度,工作效率显著提高。

Description

一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架及其应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架及其应用,属于矿井设备技术领域。
背景技术
煤矿井下采煤工作面上巷道与切眼的交汇处称为端头,用于端头部位的支护称为端头支护。端头部位是刮板输送机与转载机等设备的交汇点,又是行人通道、通风、运料及输煤的咽喉部位。端头支护的好坏,是决定工作面能否正常运行的关键所在。根据有关安全部门统计,在端头的人身伤亡事故占井下事故的60%以上,必须引起重视。
目前,采煤工作面端头仍多采用单体液压支柱配以锚网的支护方式,该支护方法存在很多的不足,单体液压支柱的支撑力和支撑面都较小,支护效果差。而且当支架、刮板输送机、转载机随切眼向前移动时,需要将切眼两端的支柱一一卸载下来,然后人工搬运到待采区段、再重新进行加压支护;由于这些单体液压支柱的重量和长度都较大,在有限的空间内搬运非常困难,工人的劳动强度很大,工作效率低下,不利于煤矿生产;有部分矿井采用普通液压支架进行超前支护,但是由于现在的液压支架都是四连杆机构,机构本身有一定的局限性,比如受比较大的内力,而且顶梁和顶板之间不能很好的贴合,容易造成巷道顶板的破裂,产生严重的安全事故。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架。
本发明还提供上述一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架的使用方法。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,包括前部液压支架和后部液压支架,前部液压支架和后部液压支架之间通过推移千斤顶相连接,所述前部液压支架包括平行设置的两个前底座、底座连接杆、前顶梁和前立柱,两个前底座的一侧通过底座连接杆固定连接,在两个前底座上对称设置有多个所述的前立柱,前立柱的两端分别与前顶梁和前底座相铰接;所述后部液压支架包括后底座、后顶梁、掩护梁、第一连杆、第二连杆和后立柱,第一连杆、第二连杆的两端分别与后底座和掩护梁相铰接,掩护梁的一端与后顶梁相铰接,后立柱的两端分别与后顶梁和后底座相铰接。
优选的,所述前顶梁一侧设置有侧护板,在侧护板与前顶梁之间设有侧推千斤顶,侧推千斤顶的两端分别与前顶梁和侧护板相铰接。此设计的好处在于,通过在前顶梁外侧安装侧护板,可以对侧壁进行支护,借助侧推千斤顶一方面可以将侧护板支撑在巷道壁上,起到防倒作用,另一方面则可以对工作面液压支架起到支撑作用,防止工作面液压支架的倾倒和下滑。
优选的,所述前立柱、后立柱均采用多级伸缩缸。此设计的好处在于,采用多级伸缩缸,前后顶梁支撑高度大,且支撑高度方便可调。
优选的,所述前立柱的两端分别与前顶梁和前底座球铰铰接。此设计的好处在于,采用球铰连接,使前顶梁具有多自由度,实现前顶梁在任意空间位置内的调整。
优选的,所述前顶梁和前底座上均设置有柱窝,前立柱的两端为球形,前立柱的两端置于柱窝内,柱窝上设有盖板。此设计的好处在于,柱窝上的盖板可有效防止前立柱的球形端头从柱窝内滑脱。
优选的,所述盖板通过销轴固定在柱窝上。此设计的好处在于,采用销轴将盖板安装在柱窝上,较其他方式,安装方便。
优选的,所述前立柱与柱窝的连接处设有阻尼装置。此设计的优势在于,阻尼装置可限制前立柱过度倾斜。
优选的,在所述前顶梁和前底座之间设置有三排前立柱。此设计的好处在于,通过三排六根前立柱进行支撑前顶梁,支撑强度大,安全性高。
优选的,所述推移千斤顶的两端分别与前底座和后底座相铰接。
优选的,所述后部液压支架还包括折叠梁和拉引千斤顶,折叠梁与后顶梁的一端相铰接,拉引千斤顶的一端与折叠梁相铰接,另一端与后顶梁固定连接。
一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架的使用方法,包括以下步骤,
(1)当巷道向前延伸、需要移动端头液压支架时,先收回侧护板;
(2)将前立柱全部缩回,使前顶梁离开端头顶板;
(3)后部液压支架的折叠梁进行折叠收缩;
(4)驱动推移千斤顶伸出,进而推动前部液压支架整体向前移动一个步距;
(5)待步骤(4)中前部液压支架向前移动完成后,前立柱全部伸出,使前顶梁重新撑紧端头顶板;
(6)驱使后立柱收缩,使后顶梁脱离端头顶板;
(7)驱动推移千斤顶收缩,从而拉动后部液压支架整体前进一个步距;
(8)驱动后立柱伸出,使后顶梁重新撑紧端头顶板;
(9)重复步骤(2)—(8),直至端头液压支架移动到新的支护位置;
(10)最后,驱动侧推千斤顶推出侧护板对侧壁进行支护,并使折叠梁伸出对前顶梁之间的中空顶板进行支护。
本发明的有益效果在于:
1、本发明端头液压支架的前部液压支架采用并联机构,可以使前顶梁具有六个自由度,使前顶梁达到空间的任意位置,前顶梁与顶板之间能够实现更好的结合,极大的维护了顶板的完整性,并且前部液压支架不需要设置四连杆机构,减少了机构的使用,降低了材料用量,能有效的实现节能减排,还节约了空间,减少了整体尺寸,以便于井下运输。
2、本发明端头液压支架的前部液压支架采用并联机构,相比传统的单体液压支柱,其支撑力和支撑面大,支撑效果好,且前顶梁和端头顶板之间能够很好的贴合,大大提高了端头顶板的安全性,减少了井下事故的发生。
3、本发明端头液压支架的前部液压支架采用多级伸缩缸连接前顶梁和前底座,使前顶梁的高度调节范围大,且前部液压支架和后部液压支架通过推移千斤顶连接,通过液压驱动实现整体自移,无需人工搬运,大大降低了工作强度,工作效率显著提高。
附图说明
图1为本发明自移式端头液压支架的整体结构主视图;
图2为本发明中前部液压支架的左视图
图3为本发明中前部液压支架底座的俯视图
图4为图1中A部分的放大图;
图5为图3中B部分的放大图;
图6为图1中C部分的放大图;
图7为本发明中侧护板与前顶梁连接的局部示意图;
其中:1、第一排前立柱,2、第二排前立柱,3、第三排前立柱,4、后立柱,5、前底座,6、前顶梁,7、侧护板,8、侧护板连接槽,9、侧推千斤顶,10、前顶梁球铰,11、前底座球铰,12、推移千斤顶,13、折叠梁,14、底座连接杆,15-1、盖板,15-2、盖板,16-1、销轴,16-2、销轴,17、球形端头,18、球形端头,19、后顶梁,20掩护梁,21、第一连杆,22、第二连杆,23、后底座,24、前底座连接槽,25、后底座连接槽;26、拉引千斤顶;27、销轴。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例并结合附图对本发明做进一步说明,但不限于此。
实施例1:
本实施例提供一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,如图1所示,包括前部液压支架和后部液压支架;其中,前部液压支架包括平行设置的两个前底座5、底座连接杆14、前顶梁6和前立柱,两个前底座5的一侧通过底座连接杆14固定连接,本实施例中,底座连接杆14的两端与两个前底座5采用螺栓连接的方式进行固定连接,在两个前底座5上对称设置有三排所述的前立柱(包括第一排前立柱1、第二排前立柱2和第三排前立柱3),前立柱的两端分别与前顶梁6和前底座5相铰接,前顶梁6与前底座5上下对应;后部液压支架包括后底座23、后顶梁19、折叠梁13、拉引千斤顶26、掩护梁20、第一连杆21、第二连杆22和后立柱4,第一连杆21、第二连杆22的两端分别与后底座23和掩护梁20相铰接,掩护梁20的一端与后顶梁19的一端相铰接,后顶梁19的另一端与折叠梁13相铰接,拉引千斤顶26位于折叠梁13和后顶梁19的下方,拉引千斤顶26的一端与折叠梁13底部铰接,另一端与后顶梁19底部固定连接,后立柱4的两端分别与后顶梁19和后底座23相铰接。
两个前底座5与底座连接杆14形成U型容置槽便于安装转载机和刮板机,使装载机直接布置在巷道底板上,减少了浮煤的堆积,防止了液压支架的抬底现象。通过三排六根前立柱进行支撑前顶梁,支撑强度大,安全性高。
前顶梁6为一整体钢板,前顶梁6一侧设置有侧护板7,侧护板7为一整块L形钢板,其中一面和前顶梁6的上表面相互平行接触,无连接;另一侧面垂直于前顶梁6上表面并在其内侧设置有对称式凸耳,对称式凸耳之间为侧护板连接槽8,侧推千斤顶9的活塞杆前端置于侧护板连接槽8内并通过销轴27贯穿对称式凸耳和活塞杆前端,使其二者铰接在一起,具体连接方式参见附图7;在每侧侧护板7与前顶梁6之间设有四个侧推千斤顶9,四个侧推千斤顶9等间距设置,侧推千斤顶9的两端分别与前顶梁6和侧护板7相铰接。通过在前顶梁6外侧安装侧护板7,可以对侧壁进行支护,借助侧推千斤顶9一方面可以将侧护板7支撑在巷道壁上,起到防倒作用,另一方面则可以对工作面液压支架起到支撑作用,防止工作面液压支架的倾倒和下滑。
前立柱、后立柱均采用多级伸缩缸,本实施例中为三级伸缩缸。采用多级伸缩缸,前后顶梁支撑高度大,且支撑高度方便可调。
前立柱的两端分别与前顶梁6和前底座5球铰铰接。采用球铰连接,使前顶梁6具 有多自由度,实现前顶梁6在任意空间位置内的调整。
前顶梁6和前底座5上均设置有柱窝,前立柱的两端设计成球形端头17、18,前立柱两端的球形端头置于柱窝内,柱窝上设有盖板15-1、15-2,盖板通过四个销轴16-1、16-2固定在柱窝上,销轴为圆形销轴,其穿过底座两帮的销轴孔紧贴在盖板上。柱窝上的盖板可有效防止前立柱的球形端头从柱窝内滑脱,采用销轴将盖板安装在柱窝上,较其他方式,安装方便。
后部液压支架通过两个推移千斤顶12分别与两个前底座5连接,两个前底座5的端部设置有前底座连接槽24,后底座23的端部设置有后底座连接槽25,推移千斤顶12的两端通过前底座连接槽24、后底座连接槽25分别与前底座5和后底座23铰接。
本发明前部液压支架,六根前立柱均可单独控制,使前顶梁具有六个自由度,可以达到空间的任意位置,使前顶梁与煤层顶板的贴合更加紧密,保护了煤层顶板的完整性。同时,由于前顶梁活动更加灵活,因而可以避免端头支架和过度支架的相互干涉,避免出现挤架、压架等问题,可以适应各种巷道形式:矩形巷道、梯形巷道。
实施例2:
本实施例提供一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,结构如实施例1所述,其不同之处在于:侧护板7的数量为三个,三个侧护板7并列设置在前顶梁6的外侧,每个侧护板7铰接两个侧推千斤顶9,通过两个侧推千斤顶9推出或拉回侧护板7。
侧推千斤顶和侧护板的应用可以适应于不同宽度的端头的支护,通过侧推千斤顶推出侧护板来接触矿井井壁。另外,在整个端头液压支架行走的过程中,侧护板还可以对支架的行走位置进行调整,若前部液压支架行进时出现位置的偏移时,可通过侧推千斤顶顶出侧护板来调整前部液压支架的位置,使支架沿预设路线前移。
实施例3:
本实施例提供一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,结构如实施例2所述,其不同之处在于:在前立柱与柱窝的连接处设有阻尼装置,阻尼装置为弹性限位阻尼装置,本实施例中采用橡胶塞,阻尼装置可限制前立柱过度倾斜。
实施例4:
一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架的使用方法,包括以下步骤,
(1)当巷道向前延伸、需要移动端头液压支架时,通过侧推千斤顶9收缩先收回侧护板7;
(2)将前立柱全部缩回,使前顶梁6离开端头顶板;
(3)通过拉引千斤顶26的收缩,使后部液压支架的折叠梁13进行折叠收缩;在前部液压支架前移时,避免折叠梁13与前顶梁6相干涉;
(4)驱动推移千斤顶12伸出,进而推动前部液压支架整体向前移动一个步距;
(5)待步骤(4)中前部液压支架向前移动完成后,前立柱全部伸出,使前顶梁6重新撑紧端头顶板;
(6)驱使后立柱4收缩,使后顶梁19脱离端头顶板;
(7)驱动推移千斤顶12收缩,从而拉动后部液压支架整体前进一个步距;
(8)驱动后立柱4伸出,使后顶梁19重新撑紧端头顶板;
(9)重复步骤(2)—(8),直至端头液压支架移动到新的支护位置;
(10)最后,驱动侧推千斤顶9推出侧护板7对侧壁进行支护,并使折叠梁13伸出对前顶梁6之间的中空顶板进行支护。
当前部液压支架在前移过程中出现位置偏移时,可通过侧推千斤顶顶出侧护板来调整前部液压支架的位置,使支架沿预设路线前移。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,其特征在于,包括前部液压支架和后部液压支架,前部液压支架和后部液压支架之间通过推移千斤顶相连接,所述前部液压支架包括平行设置的两个前底座、底座连接杆、前顶梁和前立柱,两个前底座的一侧通过底座连接杆固定连接,在两个前底座上对称设置有多个所述的前立柱,前立柱的两端分别与前顶梁和前底座相铰接;所述后部液压支架包括后底座、后顶梁、掩护梁、第一连杆、第二连杆和后立柱,第一连杆、第二连杆的两端分别与后底座和掩护梁相铰接,掩护梁的一端与后顶梁相铰接,后立柱的两端分别与后顶梁和后底座相铰接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,其特征在于,所述前顶梁一侧设置有侧护板,在侧护板与前顶梁之间设有侧推千斤顶,侧推千斤顶的两端分别与前顶梁和侧护板相铰接。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,其特征在于,所述前立柱、后立柱均采用多级伸缩缸。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,其特征在于,所述前立柱的两端分别与前顶梁和前底座球铰铰接。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,其特征在于,所述前顶梁和前底座上均设置有柱窝,前立柱的两端为球形,前立柱的两端置于柱窝内,柱窝上设有盖板。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,其特征在于,所述盖板通过销轴固定在柱窝上。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,其特征在于,所述前立柱与柱窝的连接处设有阻尼装置。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,其特征在于,在所述前顶梁和前底座之间设置有三排前立柱;所述推移千斤顶的两端分别与前底座和后底座相铰接。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架,其特征在于,所述后部液压支架还包括折叠梁和拉引千斤顶,折叠梁与后顶梁的一端相铰接,拉引千斤顶的一端与折叠梁相铰接,另一端与后顶梁固定连接。
  10. 一种如权利要求1-9任一项所述的基于并联机构的自移式端头液压支架的使用方 法,包括以下步骤,
    (1)当巷道向前延伸、需要移动端头液压支架时,先收回侧护板;
    (2)将前立柱全部缩回,使前顶梁离开端头顶板;
    (3)后部液压支架的折叠梁进行折叠收缩;
    (4)驱动推移千斤顶伸出,进而推动前部液压支架整体向前移动一个步距;
    (5)待步骤(4)中前部液压支架向前移动完成后,前立柱全部伸出,使前顶梁重新撑紧端头顶板;
    (6)驱使后立柱收缩,使后顶梁脱离端头顶板;
    (7)驱动推移千斤顶收缩,从而拉动后部液压支架整体前进一个步距;
    (8)驱动后立柱伸出,使后顶梁重新撑紧端头顶板;
    (9)重复步骤(2)—(8),直至端头液压支架移动到新的支护位置;
    (10)最后,驱动侧推千斤顶推出侧护板对侧壁进行支护,并使折叠梁伸出对前顶梁之间的中空顶板进行支护。
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