WO2017033815A1 - 含硫黄有機ケイ素化合物および樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
含硫黄有機ケイ素化合物および樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017033815A1 WO2017033815A1 PCT/JP2016/074030 JP2016074030W WO2017033815A1 WO 2017033815 A1 WO2017033815 A1 WO 2017033815A1 JP 2016074030 W JP2016074030 W JP 2016074030W WO 2017033815 A1 WO2017033815 A1 WO 2017033815A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/12—Organo silicon halides
- C07F7/121—Preparation or treatment not provided for in C07F7/14, C07F7/16 or C07F7/20
- C07F7/122—Preparation or treatment not provided for in C07F7/14, C07F7/16 or C07F7/20 by reactions involving the formation of Si-C linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic System
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
- C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
- C09C3/12—Treatment with organosilicon compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel organosilicon compound and a resin composition. More specifically, the present invention relates to a resin composition containing a sulfur-containing organosilicon compound having an alkyl group at the ⁇ -position of a silyl group and an inorganic filler surface-treated with the organosilicon compound.
- inorganic fillers such as glass fibers are widely added to resins.
- the inorganic filler does not necessarily have sufficient adhesion to the resin, and surface treatment of the inorganic filler with a silane coupling agent has been proposed.
- a silane coupling agent is typically a compound in which a hydrolytic group such as a methoxy group or an ethoxy group and an organic functional group such as an amino group or an epoxy group are bonded to a silicon atom, such as vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -ureidopropyltrimethoxy Examples thereof include silane, bis (triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, ⁇ -isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane, and tris- (trimethoxysilylpropyl) isocyanurate.
- a hydrolytic group such
- the hydrolyzable group of the silane coupling agent is hydrolyzed by water in the solution or in the air, adsorbed water on the surface of the inorganic filler, etc. to be converted into a hydroxyl group, and an oligomer is produced by intermolecular dehydration condensation. Excess hydroxyl groups in the oligomer form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups on the surface of the inorganic material, and the oligomer bonds with the inorganic material. Thereafter, dehydration / condensation occurs by heat drying treatment or the like, and an inorganic filler in which the silane coupling agent oligomer is strongly chemically bonded to the surface is obtained.
- the inorganic filler thus surface-treated is widely used as a reinforcing material for thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins, and thermoplastic resins such as polyamide resins, polyester resins, and polypropylene resins.
- sulfur-containing silane coupling agents such as ⁇ -mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane and bis (triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide include urethane rubber, polysulfide in addition to the above-mentioned thermoplastic resins and thermosetting resins. It can also be suitably applied to elastomers such as styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile rubber, and vulcanized ethylene propylene monomer (EPM), rubber, and the like.
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- EPM vulcanized ethylene propylene monomer
- Silane coupling agents have been proposed. Examples include a long chain spacer type silane coupling agent (Patent Document 1) and an aromatic ring type silane coupling agent (Patent Document 2).
- the hydrolysis resistance of the silane coupling agent layer is improved, but there is a problem with the dispersibility of the inorganic filler. For example, there is room for improvement from the viewpoint of improving rubber strength, reducing hysteresis loss, and improving wear resistance in tire applications.
- the object of the present invention is to improve the dispersibility of the inorganic filler in the resin and the hydrolysis resistance of the silane coupling agent layer when used as a silane coupling agent for the surface treatment of the inorganic filler added to the resin.
- the object is to provide an excellent organosilicon compound.
- a molded article having excellent dispersibility of the inorganic filler and excellent hydrolysis resistance of the silane coupling agent layer by adding the inorganic filler surface-treated with the organosilicon compound of the present invention to the resin and molding the resin. Can provide.
- organosilicon compounds represented by general formula (I) and general formula (II) of the present invention hereinafter referred to as compound (I) and compound (II), respectively.
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represents a chlorine atom, a methoxy group or an ethoxy group. Of these, a methoxy group or an ethoxy group is preferable.
- R 4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group represented by R 4 is not limited to a straight chain, and may be branched or cyclic, or may be a structure in which a linear and / or branched structure and a cyclic structure are bonded.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R 4 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n -Pentyl group, isopentyl group, neopentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptanyl group, cyclooctanyl group Etc.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is more preferable, a methyl group or an ethyl group is further preferable, and a methyl group is most preferable.
- R 5 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the alkylene group represented by R 5 is not limited to a straight chain, and may be branched or cyclic, or may be a structure in which a linear and / or branched structure and a cyclic structure are bonded.
- Examples of the alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms represented by R 5 include methylene group, ethane-1,1-diyl group, ethane-1,2-diyl group, propane-1,1-diyl group, propane-1 , 2-diyl group, propane-1,3-diyl group, pentane-1,5-diyl group, hexane-1,6-diyl group, cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group and the like.
- R 5 is a role as a spacer in the compound (I) between the site related to dehydration condensation accompanying the bond with the inorganic filler and the thiol group or —S n — group which is a site related to the reaction with the resin.
- R 5 is a role as a spacer in the compound (I) between the site related to dehydration condensation accompanying the bond with the inorganic filler and the thiol group or —S n — group which is a site related to the reaction with the resin.
- an integer of 2 to 6 represented by n an integer of 2 to 5 is preferable, an integer of 3 to 4 is more preferable, and 4 is more preferable.
- the ⁇ -position carbon of the silyl group has two hydrogen atoms, and the ⁇ -position carbon has at least one alkyl group.
- R 1 to R 3 become hydroxyl groups by hydrolysis, and at least one of the hydroxyl groups undergoes dehydration condensation with hydroxyl groups on the surface of the inorganic material.
- an alkyl group is present in the vicinity of the silyl group, the alkyl group becomes an obstacle to the access of water to the dehydration condensation part, and hydrolysis of the silane coupling agent layer is suppressed.
- such an alkyl group can also suppress the generation of hydroxyl groups due to hydrolysis of R 1 to R 3 , which may hinder smooth bonding to the surface of the inorganic filler.
- an inorganic group can be formed without hindering the generation of hydroxyl groups by hydrolysis of R 1 to R 3.
- the silane coupling agent layer can be smoothly introduced to the surface of the filler, and after the silane coupling agent layer is formed, water access to the dehydration condensation part is appropriately prevented and hydrolysis is effectively suppressed.
- compound (I) include the following compounds, but are not limited thereto.
- compound (II) include, but are not limited to, the following compounds.
- an organosilicon compound (hereinafter referred to as compound (III)) represented by the general formula (III) of the present invention as an intermediate is produced from alkenyl chloride (IV) and hydrosilanes (V) (hereinafter referred to as compound (III)).
- compound (III) is obtained by reacting Compound (III) with NaSH (hereinafter referred to as Step 1) (hereinafter referred to as Step 2-1).
- Step 1) hereinafter referred to as Step 1
- compound (II) can be obtained from compound (III) or compound (I) by using various sulfur-containing compounds (hereinafter referred to as step 2-2).
- compound (III) include, but are not limited to, the following compounds.
- Compound (III) includes (meth) acrylic silane compound, amino silane compound, ureido silane compound, isocyanate silane compound, and isocyanurate silane compound in addition to compound (I) and compound (II). It is also useful as an intermediate in production. These compounds derived from compound (III) are particularly useful as silane coupling agents.
- Step 1 is a step of producing compound (III) from alkenyl chloride (IV) and hydrosilanes (V) in the presence of a catalyst.
- hydrosilanes (V) for example, trichlorosilane, trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane and the like are used.
- Examples of the catalyst used in Step 1 include a compound containing platinum, rhodium or iridium, but a platinum-based catalyst is preferable, and a platinum chloride-based catalyst is more preferable. Specific examples thereof include hexachloride platinum (IV) acid (H 2 PtCl 6 ), platinum chloride / unsaturated ketone complex, platinum chloride / ⁇ -diketone complex, platinum chloride olefin complex, and the like.
- the amount of platinum chloride catalyst used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 ⁇ 6 to 10 ⁇ 2 mol, more preferably 10 ⁇ 5 to 10 ⁇ 2 mol, relative to 1 mol of alkenyl chloride (IV) as a raw material.
- Step 1 can be carried out in the presence or absence of a solvent.
- Solvents that can be used are not particularly limited as long as they do not adversely affect the reaction.
- alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and isopropanol
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, hexane, heptane and octane
- Aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane
- ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether and tetrahydrofuran
- halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene and fluorobenzene; dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane and the like And halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons.
- the amount used is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably 0.5 to 100 times by mass with respect to the raw material alkenyl chloride (IV). It is more preferable that it is 10 mass times.
- the reaction temperature is usually preferably in the range of ⁇ 10 to 100 ° C., more preferably in the range of 20 to 80 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 48 hours.
- the reaction can be carried out under normal pressure or under pressure, but is usually carried out under normal pressure.
- Compound (III) obtained after completion of the reaction can be isolated by a method usually used in the isolation and purification of organic compounds.
- the target compound (III) can be obtained by filtering the reaction mixture, concentrating it, and purifying it by distillation under reduced pressure. Moreover, it can also be used for the following process by concentrating a reaction mixture as it is.
- Step 2-1 is a step of obtaining compound (I) by reacting compound (III) with NaSH.
- NaSH those obtained by 1) reaction of sodium methoxide with hydrogen sulfide gas, 2) reaction of anhydrous sodium sulfide with hydrogen sulfide gas, 3) dehydration of hydrous NaSH, etc. can be used.
- water-containing NaSH flakes that are industrially available at low cost are used after being dehydrated.
- a dehydration method of hydrous NaSH 1) a method by heating under reduced pressure conditions, 2) a method by heating under inert gas circulation conditions, 3) azeotropic dehydration by adding an organic solvent azeotropic with water The method by etc. is mentioned.
- the dehydration of NaSH is carried out in order to prevent the compound (III) or compound (I) from being converted into a high-boiling point siloxane oligomer or the like by hydrolysis, resulting in a significant decrease in the synthesis yield.
- the amount of NaSH used is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.8 to 2.0 mol, more preferably 1.0 to 1.5 mol, per 1 mol of compound (III).
- Step 2-1 can be performed in the presence or absence of a solvent.
- a solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely affect the reaction.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, mesitylene, etc .
- Hydrogens Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene and fluorobenzene; Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, chloroform and 1,2-dichloroethane; Ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether and tetrahydrofuran; Methanol, Examples include alcohols such as ethanol; aprotic polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and acetonitrile.
- the amount used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 20 times by mass with respect to the compound (III), and from the viewpoint of volume efficiency, 1 to The range of 5 times mass is preferable.
- the reaction temperature is usually preferably in the range of 10 to 200 ° C, more preferably in the range of 20 to 150 ° C.
- inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen and argon.
- the reaction may be performed by any method under atmospheric pressure or under pressure.
- the reaction time varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is usually 1 to 100 hours.
- Compound (I) obtained after completion of the reaction can be isolated by a method usually used in the isolation and purification of organic compounds.
- the target sulfur-containing organosilicon compound (I) can be obtained by filtering the reaction mixture, concentrating it, and purifying it by distillation under reduced pressure.
- the target product may be cyclized by the dealcoholization reaction during the distillation operation. Therefore, an acid such as hydrogen chloride, acetic acid or formic acid is added to the reaction solution. It is also possible to take measures such as neutralization.
- the cyclic product is converted into the target product by adding an appropriate amount of alcohol corresponding to the alkoxy group of the target product to the target product afterwards. High purity is possible.
- Step 2-2 is a step of obtaining compound (II) from compound (III) or compound (I) using various sulfur-containing compounds.
- Methods that can be employed in step 2-2 include 1) a method of reacting Na 2 S 4 with compound (III), 2) a method of reacting sodium hydrogen sulfide with sulfur and compound (III), and 3) anhydrous sulfurization.
- An example is a method of reacting sodium with sulfur in a polar solvent to form anhydrous sodium polysulfide, and reacting the anhydrous sodium polysulfide with compound (III). 4) A method of reacting compound (I) with sulfur. be able to. Hereinafter, the method 3) will be described.
- Anhydrous sodium sulfide is prepared by, for example, hydrous sodium sulfide 1) a method by heating under reduced pressure conditions, 2) a method by heating under inert gas flow conditions, 3) azeotropy by adding an organic solvent azeotropic with water It can be obtained by dehydration by a method such as dehydration.
- Anhydrous sodium sulfide can also be obtained by using sodium methoxide and hydrogen sulfide gas in a molar ratio of 2: 1 and reacting in anhydrous methanol.
- the amount of anhydrous sodium sulfide to be used is generally 0.5 mol or less, preferably 0.45 to 0.5 mol, per 1 mol of compound (III).
- the reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not adversely influence the reaction, but a polar solvent is preferable, and examples thereof include alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and diisopropyl ether; acetone and methyl ethyl ketone.
- the amount of the solvent to be used is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferably 0.5 to 200 times by mass relative to compound (III), and more preferably 1 to 50 times by mass from the viewpoint of volume efficiency.
- the sulfur used in the reaction can be used in any form such as powder or flakes as long as it is anhydrous sulfur.
- the amount of sulfur used depends on the amount of sulfur in the target compound (II). That is, for example, when 1 mol of compound (II) is synthesized using 1 mol of anhydrous sodium sulfide, the amount of sulfur used can be (n-1) mol.
- the reaction between anhydrous sodium sulfide and sulfur can be carried out by reacting in a dry inert gas (nitrogen gas) atmosphere at a temperature ranging from 20 ° C. to the boiling point of the solvent. This reaction is preferably continued for 1 to 10 hours after the added sulfur is completely dissolved. Anhydrous sodium polysulfide obtained by the reaction is reacted by adding compound (III) without isolation from the reaction mixture.
- a dry inert gas nitrogen gas
- the reaction between anhydrous sodium polysulfide and compound (III) can be carried out by reacting in a dry inert gas (nitrogen gas) atmosphere at a temperature range of 20 ° C. to the boiling point of the solvent. In order to increase the reaction rate, it is preferably carried out under high temperature conditions under reflux of the solvent.
- the reaction time varies depending on the reaction conditions, but is usually 1 to 100 hours.
- the reaction mixture is cooled to 30 ° C. or lower, the generated sodium chloride is filtered off, the solvent is concentrated, and then purified by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain the target compound (II). Can do.
- Compound (I) and compound (II) produced in this way have a function as a silane coupling agent, surface modification of the inorganic filler, improvement of adhesiveness of the adhesive, improvement of durability of the coating, organic
- adhesives, primers, sealants, sealants, paints, coating materials, glass fiber reinforced resins, inorganic filler compounded resins, composite reinforced resins, printing inks, elastomer materials, thermoplastic resin materials It can be widely used for composite materials, electrical insulators and the like.
- the resin composition of the present invention contains an inorganic filler surface-treated with compound (I) or compound (II).
- compound (I) or compound (II) is a concept including an elastomer.
- the surface-treated inorganic filler is not particularly limited as long as it is made of an inorganic material that generally reacts with a silanol group to form a bond, and the shape of the inorganic filler is not particularly limited.
- examples of such inorganic fillers include fillers made of silicon, titanium, zirconium, magnesium, aluminum, indium, tin, and single or composite oxides thereof; glass fiber, glass cloth, glass tape, glass mat, glass paper, etc. Glass fillers; silica-based fillers; mineral-based fillers such as clay, mica, talc and wollastonite; metal substrates such as iron and aluminum.
- an inorganic filler There is no restriction
- Examples include a method of treating with compound (I) or compound (II) by a wet method, and a primer method in which compound (I) or compound (II) diluted with an organic solvent or water is directly applied to an inorganic filler.
- the surface treatment of the inorganic filler may be accompanied by a drying treatment with heat.
- dehydration condensation proceeds between the hydroxyl group of compound (I) or compound (II) and the hydroxyl group on the surface of the inorganic filler, thereby forming a strong bond.
- the temperature in the drying treatment is usually 60 to 180 ° C., preferably 80 to 150 ° C.
- the drying time is preferably 5 minutes to 2 hours.
- Examples of the resin constituting the resin composition of the present invention include phenol resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane, acrylic resin, styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber, nitrile rubber, polysulfide, neoprene, chloroprene rubber, and butyl rubber. These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Compound (I) and compound (II) can be preferably used particularly for the elastomer composition.
- the resin composition of the present invention is an elastomer composition for tire use, for example, diene rubber, silica filler, compound (I) or compound (II), and, if necessary, generally used in the rubber industry. It can be manufactured by blending the rubber compounding agent.
- diene rubber examples include natural rubber, polyisoprene rubber, emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber, solution-polymerized random styrene-butadiene rubber (styrene 5 to 50% by weight, butadiene 1,2-bond amount 10 to 10).
- silica-based filler examples include dry method white carbon, wet method white carbon, colloidal silica, and precipitated silica.
- wet method white carbon mainly composed of hydrous silicic acid is preferably used.
- a carbon black-silica composite in which silica is attached to the surface of carbon black can also be suitably used.
- the rubber compounding agent examples include carbon black; extension oils such as paraffinic, naphthenic, and aromatics; anti-aging agents such as amines and phenols; vulcanization aids such as sulfur, stearic acid, and zinc white; Examples thereof include vulcanization accelerators such as phenamide, thiuram, thiazole, dithiocarbamate, and guanidine; ozone aging inhibitors; processing aids; tackifiers, and waxes.
- alkoxypolysiloxane may be blended as a processing aid for silica.
- a processing aid for silica By blending such a processing aid, the viscosity of the rubber composition can be reduced, the scorch time can be lengthened, and the vulcanization time can be shortened.
- the resin composition of the present invention can be prepared by mixing the above-described constituent components according to a known method. For example, a method of dry blending a resin and other components, a method of melt-kneading each component using an extruder, and the like can be mentioned.
- Example 3 A quartz plate having a thickness of 5 mm and a length and width of 5 cm was immersed in concentrated hydrochloric acid to remove surface deposits, washed with distilled water, and dried. This quartz plate was immersed in a 2.0 mol / L ethanol / water (95/5, v / v) solution of 4-mercapto-2-methylbutyltrimethoxysilane obtained in Example 1 at 25 ° C. for 2 hours. Thereafter, heat treatment was performed at 110 ° C. for 3 hours using an oven. Using this test piece, the contact angle with water and hydrolysis resistance were measured with FTA-188 (manufactured by First Ten Angstroms). The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 The same procedure as in Example 3 except that 4,4′-bis (trimethoxysilyl-2-methylbutyl) tetrasulfide obtained in Example 2 was used instead of 4-mercapto-2-methylbutyltrimethoxysilane. The contact angle and hydrolysis resistance were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the organosilicon compound of the present invention can be introduced onto the inorganic filler without any problem and is extremely superior in hydrolysis resistance than the conventionally used silane coupling agents.
- Oil-extended emulsion-polymerized styrene / butadiene rubber 110 parts by mass of JSR 1723 (manufactured by JSR), 20 parts by mass of natural rubber (RSS # 3), carbon black: 20 parts by mass of N234 (manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd.), silica: 50 parts by mass of Nipsil AQ (manufactured by Nippon Silica Industry Co., Ltd.), 4.0 parts by mass of 4-mercapto-2-methylbutyltrimethoxysilane obtained in Example 1, 1 part by mass of stearic acid, anti-aging agent: NOCRACK A master batch was prepared by blending 1.0 part by mass of 6C (manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- vulcanization accelerator DM dibenzothiazyl disulfide
- vulcanization accelerator NS Nt-butyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide
- Example 6 The same procedure as in Example 5 except that 4,4′-bis (trimethoxysilyl-2-methylbutyl) tetrasulfide obtained in Example 2 was used instead of 4-mercapto-2-methylbutyltrimethoxysilane. A rubber composition was prepared.
- the rubber compositions prepared in Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 were evaluated for rubber hardness, dynamic viscoelasticity, and wear resistance by the following methods.
- Rubber hardness According to JIS K 6253-1: 2012, the rubber hardness at a temperature of 20 ° C. was measured with a durometer type A. Table 2 shows the indices when the value of Comparative Example 3 is set to 100. The higher the rubber hardness, the higher the strength of the rubber.
- the organosilicon compound of the present invention is useful as a silane coupling agent used for an inorganic filler to be added to a resin.
Abstract
Description
シランカップリング剤の加水分解基は溶液中や空気中の水分、無機充填材表面の吸着水分等によって加水分解されて水酸基に変化し、分子間脱水縮合によりオリゴマーが生成される。オリゴマーの余剰の水酸基は無機材料表面の水酸基と水素結合を形成し、オリゴマーが無機材料と結合する。その後、熱乾燥処理等により脱水・縮合が生じ、表面にシランカップリング剤オリゴマーが強固に化学結合した無機充填材が得られる。こうして表面処理された無機充填材は、エポキシ樹脂等の熱硬化性樹脂や、ポリアミド樹脂やポリエステル樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂等の熱可塑性樹脂の強化材として広く用いられている。
特に、含硫黄シランカップリング剤で化学的に処理された無機充填材を硫黄加硫系のエラストマー(加硫EPM等)に添加した場合には、エラストマーの諸物性を大きく改良することが知られている。また、タイヤ等への応用ではシリカ系充填材の分散性や強度の向上に有用である。
[1]下記一般式(I)で表される有機ケイ素化合物。
[2]下記一般式(II)で表される有機ケイ素化合物。
[3]下記一般式(III)で表される有機ケイ素化合物。
[4][1]または[2]に記載の有機ケイ素化合物により表面処理された無機充填材を含有する樹脂組成物。
以下、本発明の一般式(I)および一般式(II)で表される有機ケイ素化合物(以下、それぞれ化合物(I)、化合物(II)と称する)について説明する。
R4が表す炭素数1~10のアルキル基の例としては、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、n-ペンチル基、イソペンチル基、ネオペンチル基、n-ヘキシル基、n-ヘプチル基、n-オクチル基、2-エチルヘキシル基、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロヘプタニル基、シクロオクタニル基などが挙げられる。中でも、炭素数1~6のアルキル基が好ましく、炭素数1~3のアルキル基がより好ましく、メチル基またはエチル基がさらに好ましく、メチル基が最も好ましい。
R5が表す炭素数1~10のアルキレン基の例としては、メチレン基、エタン-1,1-ジイル基、エタン-1,2-ジイル基、プロパン-1,1-ジイル基、プロパン-1,2-ジイル基、プロパン-1,3-ジイル基、ペンタン-1,5-ジイル基、ヘキサン-1,6-ジイル基、シクロヘキサン-1,4-ジイル基などが挙げられる。成形体の機械的強度向上の観点から、炭素数1~5のアルキレン基が好ましく、炭素数1~3のアルキレン基がより好ましく、メチレン基またはエチレン基がさらに好ましく、メチレン基が最も好ましい。
R5は、化合物(I)において、無機充填材との結合に伴う脱水縮合に関わる部位と、樹脂との反応に関わる部位であるチオール基や-Sn-基との間のスペーサーとしての役割を有する。ここで、スペーサーとしてR5が存在することにより、脱水縮合に関わる部位と、樹脂と反応するチオール基や-Sn-基とが適切な距離を保ち、円滑な脱水縮合が行われる。
この際、シリル基の近傍にアルキル基が存在すると、当該アルキル基は脱水縮合部への水の接近の障害となり、シランカップリング剤層の加水分解が抑制される。
一方で、そのようなアルキル基は、R1~R3の加水分解による水酸基の発生をも抑制しうるため、無機充填材表面への円滑な結合の妨げとなる恐れがある。
しかし、シリル基に対し、α位の炭素が2つの水素原子を有し、β位の炭素がアルキル基を有する場合には、R1~R3の加水分解による水酸基の発生を妨げずに無機充填材表面に円滑にシランカップリング剤層を導入することができ、かつ、シランカップリング剤層形成後においては脱水縮合部への水の接近が適度に妨げられ、加水分解が効果的に抑制されることを見出した。
さらに化合物(I)および(II)がβ位にこのようなアルキル基を有することにより、形成されるシランカップリング剤層が適度にかさ高くなり、無機充填材の分散性が向上することを見出した。
工程1は、触媒の存在下、アルケニルクロリド(IV)とヒドロシラン類(V)より化合物(III)を製造する工程である。
ヒドロシラン類(V)としては、例えば、トリクロロシラン、トリメトキシシラン、トリエトキシシランなどが用いられる。
工程2-1は、化合物(III)をNaSHと反応させ化合物(I)を得る工程である。
また、含水NaSHの脱水方法としては、1)減圧条件での加熱による方法、2)不活性ガス流通条件での加熱による方法、3)水と共沸する有機溶剤を添加しての共沸脱水による方法などが挙げられる。NaSHの脱水は、化合物(III)や化合物(I)が加水分解により高沸点のシロキサンオリゴマー等に転化し、合成収率が著しく低下してしまうことを防ぐために行われる。
NaSHの使用量に特に制限はないが、化合物(III)1モルに対して、0.8~2.0モルであることが好ましく、1.0~1.5モルであることがより好ましい。
工程2-2は、各種含硫黄化合物を用いて化合物(III)または化合物(I)から化合物(II)を得る工程である。
以下、上記3)の方法について説明する。
本発明の樹脂組成物は化合物(I)または化合物(II)により表面処理された無機充填材を含有する。なお、本明細書中において、「樹脂」とはエラストマーも含む概念である。
無機充填材の表面処理においては、熱による乾燥処理を伴ってもよい。熱による乾燥処理を行うことにより、化合物(I)や化合物(II)の水酸基と無機充填材表面の水酸基との間における脱水縮合が進行し、強固な結合を形成できる。
乾燥処理における温度は、通常60~180℃であり、好ましくは80~150℃である。また、乾燥時間は5分~2時間が好ましい。
これらの樹脂は1種を単独で使用してもよく、2種類以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の樹脂組成物がタイヤ用途のエラストマー組成物の場合、例えば、ジエン系ゴム、シリカ系充填材、化合物(I)または化合物(II)、さらに必要に応じてゴム工業で一般的に使用されているゴム配合剤を配合することで製造できる。
(3-メチル-3-ブテニルクロリドの合成)
攪拌機、温度計、滴下ロートを備えた1L反応器に、窒素気流下、3-メチル-3-ブテン-1-オール66.0g(0.697mol)、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル270ml、トリエチルアミン77.5g(0.767mol)を仕込み、撹拌しながら内温5℃以下に冷却した。塩化チオニル91.2g(0.767mol)を内温10℃以下に保ちながら滴下し、滴下終了後65℃に昇温し、6時間加熱撹拌を行った。反応終了後、内温を30℃以下まで冷却し、水200gを加え該反応混合物を洗浄し、有機相を分離した。該有機相を5%炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液500g、次いで、飽和食塩水200gで順次洗浄した。洗浄有機相を減圧蒸留することで、3-メチル-3-ブテニルクロリド46.0g(0.440mol:収率63.1%)を得た。
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,TMS)δ: 4.86(s,1H)、4.78(s,1H)、3.62(t、J=7.2Hz,2H)、2.49(t,7.2Hz,1H)、1.76(s,3H)
(工程1:4-クロロ-2-メチルブチルトリメトキシシランの合成)
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,TMS)δ:3.61-3.51(m,11H),1.99-1.91(m,1H),1.90-1.77(m,1H),1.71-1.62(m,1H),1.00(d,J=6.4Hz,3H),0.75(dd,J=15.2,5.2Hz,1H),0.56(dd,J=15.2,8.4Hz,1H)
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,TMS)δ:3.45(s,9H)、2.58-2.49(2H,m)、1.90-1.82(1H,m)、1.71-1.50(2H,m)、1.33(t,J=7.6Hz,1H)、0.98(d、J=6.4Hz,3H),0.79-0.71(1H,m)、0.58-0.51(m,1H)
(工程2-2:4,4’-ビス(トリメトシキシリル-2-メチルブチル)テトラスルフィドの合成)
1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,TMS)δ:3.56(s,9H)、3.06-2.93(m,2H)、1.89-1.62(m,3H)、1.03-0.99(m,3H)、0.79-0.68(m、1H)、0.62-0.53(m,1H)
厚さ5mm、縦横5cm角の石英板を濃塩酸に浸漬し、表面の付着物を除去した後、蒸留水にて洗浄し、乾燥を行った。この石英板を実施例1で得られた4-メルカプト-2-メチルブチルトリメトキシシランの2.0mol/Lのエタノール/水(95/5、v/v)溶液に25℃で2時間浸漬した後、オーブンを用いて110℃で3時間の加熱処理を行った。この試験片を用いて、FTA-188(First Ten Angstroms社製)にて水との接触角と耐加水分解性を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
4-メルカプト-2-メチルブチルトリメトキシシランの代わりに実施例2で得られた4,4’-ビス(トリメトシキシリル-2-メチルブチル)テトラスルフィドを用いた以外は実施例3と同様の手順で接触角と耐加水分解性を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
4-メルカプト-2-メチルブチルトリメトキシシランの代わりに3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシランを用いた以外は実施例3と同様の手順で接触角と耐加水分解性を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
4-メルカプト-2-メチルブチルトリメトキシシランの代わりに3,3’-ビス(トリメトシキシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィドを用いた以外は実施例3と同様の手順で接触角と耐加水分解性を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
上記方法にて調製した実施例3、4および比較例1、2の試験片をそれぞれ100℃の熱水50mLに24時間浸漬した。24時間後、ガスクロマトグラフィーを用いて水中に溶解した有機分を測定し、検出物の総面積について比較例1の値を100とした指数として表1に示した。
油展エマルジョン重合スチレン・ブタジエンゴム:JSR1723(JSR(株)製)110質量部、天然ゴム(RSS#3)20質量部、カーボンブラック:N234(東海カーボン(株)製)20質量部、シリカ:ニプシルAQ(日本シリカ工業(株)製)50質量部、実施例1で得られた4-メルカプト-2-メチルブチルトリメトキシシラン4.0質量部、ステアリン酸1質量部、老化防止剤:ノクラック6C(大内新興化学工業(株)製)1.0質量部を配合してマスターバッチを調製した。これに亜鉛華3.0質量部、加硫促進剤DM(ジベンゾチアジルジスルフィド)0.5質量部、加硫促進剤NS(N-t-ブチル-2-ベンゾチアゾリルスルフェンアミド)1.0質量部、硫黄1.5質量部を加えて混練し、ゴム組成物を得た。
4-メルカプト-2-メチルブチルトリメトキシシランの代わりに実施例2で得られた4,4’-ビス(トリメトシキシリル-2-メチルブチル)テトラスルフィドを用いた以外は実施例5と同様の手法でゴム組成物を調製した。
4-メルカプト-2-メチルブチルトリメトキシシランの代わりに3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシランを用いた以外は実施例5と同様の手法でゴム組成物を調製した。
4-メルカプト-2-メチルブチルトリメトキシシランの代わりに3,3’-ビス(トリメトシキシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィドを用いた以外は実施例5と同様の手法でゴム組成物を調製した。
JIS K 6253-1:2012に準拠し、デュロメータのタイプAにより温度20℃でのゴム硬度を測定した。比較例3の値を100とした時の指数を表2に示す。このゴム硬度が高いほどゴムの強度が高い。
粘弾性測定装置(レオロジー社製)を使用し、引張の動歪1%、周波数1Hz、60℃の条件にてtanδを測定した。なお、試験片は厚さ0.2cm、幅1.0cmのシートを用い、使用挟み間距離2cmとした。比較例3の値を100とした時の指数を表2に示す。指数値が小さいほどヒステリシスロスが小さい。
JIS K 6264-2:2005に準拠し、DIN摩耗試験機を用いて室温で試験を行い、摩耗量を測定した。比較例3の値を100とした時の指数を表2に示す。指数値が小さいほど、摩耗量が少なく耐摩耗性に優れることを示す。
Claims (4)
- 請求項1または2に記載の有機ケイ素化合物により表面処理された無機充填材を含有する樹脂組成物。
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US15/754,629 US20180282525A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2016-08-17 | Sulfur containing organosilicon compound and resin composition |
CN201680048898.7A CN107922443B (zh) | 2015-08-27 | 2016-08-17 | 含硫有机硅化合物和树脂组合物 |
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JP2018002595A (ja) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-01-11 | 株式会社クラレ | 有機ケイ素化合物および樹脂組成物 |
WO2018109335A1 (fr) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-21 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Polysulfure d'alcoxysilane |
US10961371B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2021-03-30 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Rubber composition comprising a monohydroxysilane polysulfide coupling agent |
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US3873489A (en) * | 1971-08-17 | 1975-03-25 | Degussa | Rubber compositions containing silica and an organosilane |
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US5580919A (en) * | 1995-03-14 | 1996-12-03 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Silica reinforced rubber composition and use in tires |
US5840952A (en) * | 1995-11-02 | 1998-11-24 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing 3-mercaptopropylalkoxy silane |
DE102004008442A1 (de) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-15 | Degussa Ag | Siliciumverbindungen für die Erzeugung von SIO2-haltigen Isolierschichten auf Chips |
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JPS535124A (en) * | 1976-06-30 | 1978-01-18 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | Organoxilicon composition |
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Cited By (5)
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JP2018002595A (ja) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-01-11 | 株式会社クラレ | 有機ケイ素化合物および樹脂組成物 |
US10961371B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2021-03-30 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Rubber composition comprising a monohydroxysilane polysulfide coupling agent |
WO2018109335A1 (fr) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-21 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Polysulfure d'alcoxysilane |
FR3060565A1 (fr) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-22 | Michelin & Cie | Polysulfure d'alcoxysilane |
US10968333B2 (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2021-04-06 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Alkoxysilane polysulphide |
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US20180282525A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
EP3342776A4 (en) | 2019-04-17 |
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