WO2017010459A1 - 複合ゲル、塗料、塗膜、及び複合ゲルの製造方法 - Google Patents
複合ゲル、塗料、塗膜、及び複合ゲルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017010459A1 WO2017010459A1 PCT/JP2016/070448 JP2016070448W WO2017010459A1 WO 2017010459 A1 WO2017010459 A1 WO 2017010459A1 JP 2016070448 W JP2016070448 W JP 2016070448W WO 2017010459 A1 WO2017010459 A1 WO 2017010459A1
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1606—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the anti-fouling agent
- C09D5/1612—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09D5/1618—Non-macromolecular compounds inorganic
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
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- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
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- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C08L101/02—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
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- C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
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- C09D129/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D129/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C09D129/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C09D171/00—Coating compositions based on polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D171/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
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- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C09D201/02—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
- C09D201/06—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups containing oxygen atoms
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
- C09D5/1606—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the anti-fouling agent
- C09D5/1637—Macromolecular compounds
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2371/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/222—Magnesia, i.e. magnesium oxide
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
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- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2265—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of iron
- C08K2003/2268—Ferrous oxide (FeO)
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a composite gel, a paint, a coating film, and a method for producing the composite gel.
- cuprous oxide and rhodan copper dissolve and diffuse in water from the coating film. Therefore, there exists a problem of polluting an environment with a copper compound. Also, it is difficult to recover the copper resources that have diffused into the water. Therefore, there is also a problem that valuable copper resources are consumed.
- a composite gel, a paint, or a coating film that can suppress environmental pollution by using a highly biodegradable raw material without using copper resources as a novel active ingredient that prevents the attachment of organisms It is desirable to provide a method for producing a composite gel.
- the composite gel according to one aspect of the present disclosure is configured by gelling a raw material composition containing, as a main component, a hydroxyl group-containing organic polymer compound and at least one of a hydroxyl group-containing inorganic compound and an inorganic oxide. .
- the hydroxyl group-containing organic polymer compound may be one or two selected from polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol.
- the polyvinyl alcohol may have a viscosity average polymerization degree of 350 to 3500 and a saponification degree of 50 to 100 mol%.
- the polyethylene glycol may have a number average molecular weight of 1000 to 25000.
- the hydroxyl group-containing inorganic compound may be one or more selected from a hydroxyl group-containing silicon compound, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and iron hydroxide.
- the hydroxyl group-containing silicon compound may be silica.
- the inorganic oxide may be one or more selected from aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, and iron oxide.
- the coating material of 1 aspect of this indication is a coating material containing the above-mentioned composite gel.
- the coating film of 1 aspect of this indication is a coating film obtained by applying either the above-mentioned composite gel or the coating material containing the said composite gel.
- the method for producing a composite gel according to one aspect of the present disclosure gels a raw material composition containing, as a main component, at least one of a hydroxyl group-containing organic polymer compound, a hydroxyl group-containing inorganic compound, and an inorganic oxide. A first step and a second step of drying the product obtained in the first step and then crushing to obtain a fine powder of the composite gel.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PVA-217 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- Other PVA can also be used, for example, PVA-105, PVA-117, PVA-205, PVA-417, PVA-420H and PVA-424H manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. are preferable.
- Polyethylene glycol 6000 is used as polyethylene glycol (hereinafter abbreviated as PEG).
- Silica gel is used as the hydroxyl group-containing silicon compound.
- Silica registered trademark (grade: 350) (manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.) is used as the silica gel.
- Other silica gels can also be used, and for example, Silicia (registered trademark) (grade: 430) is preferable.
- the polyvinyl alcohol may be unmodified polyvinyl alcohol, or may be modified polyvinyl alcohol synthesized by copolymerization with a vinyl ester monomer or the like as long as the gist of the present disclosure is not impaired.
- vinyl ester monomers contained in the modified polyvinyl alcohol include ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, n-butene, and isobutylene; acrylic acid and its salts; acrylamide; N-methylacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide, Acrylamide derivatives such as N, N-dimethylacrylamide, diacetoneacrylamide, acrylamidepropanesulfonic acid and salts thereof, acrylamidopropyldimethylamine and salts or quaternary salts thereof, N-methylolacrylamide and derivatives thereof; methacrylamide; N-methyl Methacrylamide, N-ethylmethacrylamide, methacrylamidepropanesulfonic acid and its salt, methacrylamidepropyldimethylamine and its salt or quaternary salt thereof, N-methylolmeta Methacrylamide derivatives such as rilamide and its derivatives; methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, n-propyl
- the content of the modified group derived from these vinyl ester monomers is preferably 0.1 to 10 mol%, more preferably 0.1 to 8.0 mol%, and more preferably 0.1 to 5.0 mol%. More preferred are: Polyvinyl alcohol may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- a 5% by mass aqueous solution of PVA was prepared. To 20 g of this solution, 5 g of silica gel was added to make a paste. This was dried with a 110 ° C. dryer to obtain a silica / PVA composite gel. Further, using aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and iron hydroxide instead of silica gel, aluminum hydroxide / PVA composite gel, magnesium hydroxide / PVA composite gel, and iron hydroxide / PVA were used in the same procedure. A composite gel was obtained.
- the collected supernatant solution was placed in a dryer at 110 ° C., and the amount of PVA eluted from the composite gel from the remaining solid content (or the combined amount of PVA and hydroxide) was evaluated.
- Table 1 shows the results of the solubility test of the composite gel.
- the dissolution rate in the case of PVA alone reached 80% by mass after 1 day, whereas the silica / PVA composite gel, magnesium hydroxide / PVA composite gel, and iron hydroxide / In the case of the PVA composite gel, the elution rate was low. In particular, in the silica / PVA composite gel, the dissolution rate showed a significantly low value of 2% by mass or less. Even after 2 days, the elution rate of each composite gel was lower than that of PVA alone. From this, it can be seen that the PVA dissolution can be delayed by the composite of PVA and the hydroxyl group-containing inorganic substance, or the composite of PVA and the oxidized inorganic substance. Therefore, in water, it is considered that a surface having the same properties as PVA can be maintained for a longer time than PVA alone.
- the above silica / PVA composite gel fine powder was added to a urethane-based solvent (trade name: Ureol, manufactured by Kawakami Paint Co., Ltd.) to prepare a ship bottom paint.
- the viscosity of the coating tends to increase. Therefore, it becomes difficult to apply the paint.
- the addition amount of a silica / PVA composite gel fine powder becomes less than the above-mentioned blending ratio, there is a tendency that practical antifouling properties are hardly obtained.
- the FRP plate coated with the paint added with silica / PVA composite gel fine powder hardly showed any organisms living in the ocean.
- barnacles, bivalves, etc. are attached and inhabited within a short period of time after being immersed in seawater, and the FRP base surface is completely covered with these. Confirmed that it has been.
- This silica / PVA composite gel was dried with a 110 ° C. dryer for 12 hours or more.
- the dried product was pulverized to obtain a silica / PVA composite gel fine powder having an average particle size of 3.4 ⁇ m. 10 parts by weight of this fine powder was added to 100 parts by weight of the main component of the two-pack type urethane paint.
- the main ingredient of the ship bottom paint was prepared by stirring at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes with a disperser. A curing agent was added just before use and used as a ship bottom paint.
- PVA PVA having a saponification degree of 70 mol% and a viscosity average polymerization degree of 700
- PVA-417 Saponification degree of 80 mol%, viscosity average polymerization degree of 1700, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- PVA-420H Saponification degree of 80 Mol%, viscosity average polymerization degree 2000, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- PVA-424H saponification degree 80 mol%, viscosity average polymerization degree 2400, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
- silica gel it was prepared using Silicia 350 manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.
- This silica / PVA composite gel was dried at 110 ° C. for 12 hours or more.
- the dried product was pulverized to obtain a silica / PVA composite gel fine powder having an average particle size of 2.5 to 3.3 ⁇ m. 10 parts by weight of this fine powder was added to 100 parts by weight of the hydrolyzable paint to prepare a ship bottom paint.
- a composite hydrogel was prepared by adding 650 g of PVA 5 mass% aqueous solution to 550 g of the obtained silica sol, sufficiently mixing, and then allowing to stand at room temperature.
- PVA PVA having a saponification degree of 70 mol% and a viscosity average polymerization degree of 700, and PVA-420H (saponification degree of 80 mol%, viscosity average polymerization degree of 2000, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) were used.
- the obtained composite hydrogel was washed, dried and pulverized to obtain a silica / PVA composite gel fine powder.
- the PVA content contained in the composite gel was determined by the following formula 1 based on the carbon content measured with an element analyzer.
- PVA content (%) composite gel carbon content (%) ⁇ ⁇ 100 / PVA carbon content (%) ⁇
- the PVA content of the silica / PVA composite gel fine powder (feed value: 23% by mass) is 16.5% by mass (in charge value ratio) when PVA having a saponification degree of 70 mol% and a viscosity average polymerization degree of 700 is used. 72%).
- PVA-420H the PVA content of the silica / PVA composite gel fine powder was 18.5% by mass (80% in terms of charged value ratio). Even when such a silica / PVA composite gel fine powder is used, the desired ship bottom paint can be obtained.
- a method other than the method exemplified in the above-described embodiment may be employed.
- a composite gel may be obtained by adding an organic polymer compound solution to an inorganic component, followed by drying and pulverization.
- an organic polymer compound solution may be added to an inorganic component sol (eg, silica sol) to prepare a composite hydrogel, and the composite hydrogel may be dried and pulverized to obtain the composite gel.
- an inorganic component sol eg, silica sol
- the composite hydrogel may be dried and pulverized to obtain the composite gel.
- 10 g of colloidal silica Nisan Chemical Snowtex O, silica concentration 20 mass%) is added to 20 g of a 5 mass% aqueous solution of PVA to prepare a slurry.
- the silica / PVA composite gel can be obtained by drying this with a 110 ° C. dryer.
- colloidal silica (Nissan Chemical Snowtex O, silica concentration 20 mass%) is added to 20 g of a 5 mass% aqueous solution of PEG (polyethylene glycol 6000) to prepare a slurry.
- PEG polyethylene glycol 6000
- a silica / PEG composite gel can be obtained. That is, in producing the composite gel referred to in the present specification, a hydroxyl group-containing organic polymer compound (for example, the above PEG) other than PVA can be used.
- hydroxyl group-containing silicon compound examples include precipitated silica, fumed silica, and silica gel.
- a hydroxyl-containing inorganic compound other than a silica a bentonite etc. can be mentioned, for example.
- a hydroxyl group-containing inorganic compound other than silica has the same effect as silica.
- a hydroxyl group-containing organic polymer compound for example, PVA, PEG, etc.
- a hydroxyl group-containing inorganic compound for example, silica, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, iron hydroxide, etc.
- silica for example, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, iron hydroxide, etc.
- inorganic oxide aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, iron oxide, or the like can be used.
Abstract
Description
また、本開示の一局面の塗料は、上述の複合ゲルを含有する塗料である。
また、本開示の一局面の複合ゲルの製造方法は、水酸基含有有機高分子化合物と水酸基含有無機化合物、及び無機酸化物のうちの少なくとも一方と、を主成分として含む原料組成物をゲル化させる第一工程と、前記第一工程で得られた生成物を乾燥してから、解砕することにより複合ゲルの微粉体を得る第二工程とを含む。
以下に説明する実施形態においては、別に記載しない限り、以下の材料を用いる。ポリビニルアルコール(以下、PVAと略称する。)としては、クラレ株式会社製のPVA-217を用いる。なお、他のPVAを用いることもでき、例えば、クラレ株式会社製のPVA-105、PVA-117、PVA-205、PVA‐417、PVA‐420H及びPVA‐424Hなどが好適である。ポリエチレングリコール(以下、PEGと略称する。)としては、ポリエチレングリコール6000を用いる。水酸基含有ケイ素化合物としては、シリカゲルを用いる。シリカゲルとしては、サイリシア(登録商標)(グレード:350)(富士シリシア化学株式会社製)を用いる。なお、他のシリカゲルを用いることもでき、例えば、サイリシア(登録商標)(グレード:430)などが好適である。
[1-1.PVAと水酸基含有無機物との複合化]
PVAと水酸基含有無機物との複合化は、以下のように行った。
先に調製した複合ゲルの水中での安定性を把握するために、溶解度試験を下記のように行った。PVA、シリカ/PVA複合ゲル、水酸化マグネシウム/PVA複合ゲル、及び水酸化鉄/PVA複合ゲル、各5gを150メッシュ(目開き100μm。)のステンレス金網製容器に量り取り、イオン交換水100mL中に浸漬した。イオン交換水はマグネチックスターラーにて撹拌し、所定時間経過した後、上澄み溶液の一部を回収した。回収した上澄み溶液は110℃乾燥機内に入れ、固形分残量から複合ゲルから溶出してくるPVA量(もしくはPVAと水酸化物を合わせた量)を評価した。表1に複合ゲルの溶解度試験結果を示す。
[2-1.複合ゲルの製造方法]
PVA5gを水95gに溶解後、このPVA水溶液にシリカゲル10gを添加した。分散機にて、4000rpm、10分間攪拌することにより、スラリーを調製した。このスラリーを、冷凍庫内に入れて凍結後、冷凍庫内から取り出して自然融解し、再び冷凍庫内に入れて凍結処理を行った。本工程を複数回(例えば2回以上)繰り返したところ、室温下でもゲル化状態を維持するに至り、シリカ/PVA複合ゲルを作製することができた。
上記シリカ/PVA複合ゲルを、宮崎県日向沖で1か月間、及び岡山県玉野港で3か月間海水中に浸漬し、海洋に棲息する生物の付着状況を観察した。シリカ/PVA複合ゲルには、海洋生物の付着が見られなかったことから、生物の付着を防止する能力を有することが確認できた。
[3-1.塗料の製造方法]
PVA5gを水95gに溶解後、このPVA水溶液にシリカゲル10gを添加した。分散機にて、4000rpm、10分間攪拌することにより、スラリーを調製した。このスラリーを、110℃乾燥機にて12時間以上乾燥させた。乾燥物を微粉化することで、平均粒径3.4μmのシリカ/PVA複合ゲル微粉体を調製した。
シリカ/PVA複合ゲル微粉体を添加した塗料と、シリカ/PVA複合ゲル微粉体無添加の塗料を、強化プラスチック(FRP)の板に塗布した。このFRP板を岡山県玉野港で14か月間、海水中に浸漬し、海洋に棲息する生物の付着状況を観察した。
[4-1.塗料の製造方法]
PVA5質量%水溶液100gに、シリカゲルを5g添加した。分散機にて、4000rpm、10分間攪拌することにより、スラリーを調製し、シリカ/PVA複合ゲルを作成した。
この微粉体を、二液タイプのウレタン塗料の主剤100重量部に対し、10重量部添加した。分散機にて、4000rpm、10分間攪拌することにより、船底塗料の主剤を調製した。使用直前に硬化剤を添加し、船底塗料として用いた。
シリカ/PVA複合ゲル微粉体を添加した塗料と、シリカ/PVA複合ゲル微粉体無添加の塗料を、プレジャーボートの船底に塗布した。このプレジャーボートの船底を岡山県玉野港で生物活性が高い6月末~9月末の3か月間、海水中に浸漬し、海洋に棲息する生物の付着状況を観察した。
[5-1.塗料の製造方法]
PVA5質量%水溶液100gにシリカゲルを5g添加した。分散機にて4000rpm、10分間撹拌することにより、スラリーを調製し、シリカ/PVA複合ゲルを作製した。PVAとしては、ケン化度70モル%、粘度平均重合度700のPVA、PVA-417(ケン化度80モル%、粘度平均重合度1700、株式会社クラレ製)、PVA-420H(ケン化度80モル%、粘度平均重合度2000、株式会社クラレ製)、PVA-424H(ケン化度80モル%、粘度平均重合度2400、株式会社クラレ製)を用いた。シリカゲルとしては、富士シリシア化学株式会社製のサイリシア350を用いて作成した。
この微粉体を加水分解性塗料100重量部に対し、10重量部添加して船底塗料を作成した。
シリカ/PVA複合ゲル微粉体を添加した加水分解性塗料と、シリカ/PVA複合ゲル微粉体無添加の加水分解性塗料を、強化プラスチック(FRP)の板に塗布し、岡山県玉野港で約2か月海中に浸漬し、海洋に生息する生物の付着状況を観察した。
(6)第6実施形態
[6-1.複合ゲルの製造方法]
ケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液と希硫酸を用いて、シリカ濃度20質量%のシリカゾルを調製した。得られたシリカゾル550gにPVA5質量%水溶液650gを添加し、十分混合を行ったのち、常温に静置することで、複合ヒドロゲルを調製した。PVAとしては、ケン化度70モル%、粘度平均重合度700のPVA、及びPVA-420H(ケン化度80モル%、粘度平均重合度2000、株式会社クラレ製)を用いた。得られた複合ヒドロゲルを水洗・乾燥・粉砕工程を経ることにより、シリカ/PVA複合ゲル微粉体を得た。複合ゲルに含まれるPVA含有率は、元素分析計で測定された炭素含有率をもとに、以下の数式1によって求めた。
PVA含有率(%)=複合ゲル炭素含有率(%)×{100/PVA炭素含有率(%)}
シリカ/PVA複合ゲル微粉体のPVA含有率(仕込み値:23質量%)は、ケン化度70モル%、粘度平均重合度700のPVAを用いた場合は16.5質量%(仕込み値比で72%)であった。また、PVA-420Hを用いた場合、シリカ/PVA複合ゲル微粉体のPVA含有率は18.5質量%(仕込み値比で80%)であった。このようなシリカ/PVA複合ゲル微粉体を利用した場合でも、所期の船底塗料を得ることができる。
以上、本開示の実施形態について説明したが、本開示は上記の具体的な一実施形態に限定されず、この他にも種々の形態で実施することができる。
Claims (10)
- 水酸基含有有機高分子化合物と、水酸基含有無機化合物及び無機酸化物のうちの少なくとも一方と、を主成分として含む原料組成物をゲル化させることによって構成される複合ゲル。
- 前記水酸基含有有機高分子化合物は、ポリビニルアルコール、及びポリエチレングリコールの中から選ばれる1種又は2種である
請求項1に記載の複合ゲル。 - 前記ポリビニルアルコールは、粘度平均重合度350~3500、及びケン化度50~100モル%である
請求項1又は請求項2に記載の複合ゲル。 - 前記ポリエチレングリコールは、数平均分子量1000~25000である
請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の複合ゲル。 - 前記水酸基含有無機化合物は、水酸基含有ケイ素化合物、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、及び水酸化鉄の中から選ばれる1種又は2種以上である
請求項1~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の複合ゲル。 - 前記水酸基含有ケイ素化合物は、シリカである
請求項1~請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の複合ゲル。 - 前記無機酸化物は、酸化アルミニウム、酸化マグネシウム、及び酸化鉄の中から選ばれる1種又は2種以上である
請求項1~請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の複合ゲル。 - 請求項1~請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の複合ゲルを含有する塗料。
- 請求項1~請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の複合ゲル又は当該複合ゲルを含有する塗料のいずれかを塗工することにより得られる塗膜。
- 水酸基含有有機高分子化合物と、水酸基含有無機化合物、及び無機酸化物のうちの少なくとも一方と、を主成分として含む原料組成物をゲル化させる第一工程と、
前記第一工程で得られた生成物を乾燥してから、解砕することにより複合ゲルの微粉体を得る第二工程とを
含む複合ゲルの製造方法。
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