WO2017005084A1 - 一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统 - Google Patents

一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017005084A1
WO2017005084A1 PCT/CN2016/086156 CN2016086156W WO2017005084A1 WO 2017005084 A1 WO2017005084 A1 WO 2017005084A1 CN 2016086156 W CN2016086156 W CN 2016086156W WO 2017005084 A1 WO2017005084 A1 WO 2017005084A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
air quality
purification
control module
battery
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Application number
PCT/CN2016/086156
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孟忠伟
彭忆强
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西华大学
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Publication date
Application filed by 西华大学 filed Critical 西华大学
Publication of WO2017005084A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017005084A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
    • B60H1/2225—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/24—Devices purely for ventilating or where the heating or cooling is irrelevant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B60H2003/0691—Adsorption filters, e.g. activated carbon
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to an air quality monitoring and purifying device for an automobile, and particularly relates to an air quality, temperature and humidity monitoring and an air purification temperature and humidity adjusting system for an automobile.
  • the invention patent "Car Energy Storage Rapid Desuperheater” uses solar panels and batteries as system energy, and uses compressor to compress and store low temperature gas, and after the driver and passenger enter the car The low-temperature gas is quickly released by the solenoid valve to discharge the hot air inside the vehicle.
  • the patent system is complex, energy consumption is high, and the realization of low temperature gas is difficult, and the application will be limited.
  • the invention patent "A Ventilation and Cooling System for Parking Vehicles in Water Evaporation” (Application No.: 201010225769.5) utilizes cheap water as a refrigerant medium, and relies on water evaporation to absorb heat to reduce the temperature inside the vehicle.
  • the patent considers maintaining the humidity of the air inside the vehicle, and requires efficient heat pipe heat exchanger for heat exchange.
  • the cooling effect is mainly affected by the efficiency of the heat pipe heat exchanger; and after the heat exchange, the hot and humid air needs to be centrifuged by high power. The fan is exhausted through the pipe. Therefore, the system also has the disadvantages of complicated structure, high cost and large energy consumption.
  • the utility model patent "Evaporation Ventilation and Cooling Device for Vehicle Water” uses ceramic carrier to automatically absorb water, and evaporates water adsorbed on the carrier by the action of the fan, generating humid and cold air to cool the interior of the vehicle, and will change After heat The humid air is discharged from the car window to prevent the humidity inside the car from being too high.
  • the device has both ventilation and cooling functions.
  • the above patent adopts the method of ventilation and ventilation to cool the air inside the vehicle, and also considers the use of high-pressure low-temperature gas or water evaporation to cool the air inside the vehicle, and also has the function of reducing air pollutants in the vehicle; however, the above patents have no The air quality monitoring function inside the car and the air adsorption and filtering function inside the car.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an air quality monitoring and purification control system for an automobile, which aims to monitor the air quality and temperature and humidity of the vehicle in real time, and purify and adjust the interior environment through air adsorption filtration and/or heating.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by: an in-vehicle air quality monitoring and purifying and adjusting system, wherein a battery and a ventilation device, an adsorption and filtering device and a heating device respectively powered by the battery are installed in the vehicle;
  • the ventilation device is configured such that the positive and negative poles of the battery are respectively connected to the positive and negative current input ends of the original air conditioner exhaust fan;
  • the adsorption and filtering device has the following structures: an inlet and an outlet on the casing, and an inlet and an outlet in the casing.
  • a fan, an activated carbon adsorption section and a wall-flow ceramic filter body are arranged in sequence;
  • the heating device has a heating device inlet and a heating device outlet, and a heating fan and an electric heating screen are sequentially installed in the heating housing from the heating device inlet to the heating device outlet;
  • the temperature and humidity sensor, the formaldehyde sensor, the carbon monoxide sensor, the total volatile organic matter sensor, and the respirable particle sensor are all installed in the vehicle and are respectively connected to the system control module;
  • the system control module comprises: a sensor signal processing circuit, and the above-mentioned ventilation device, the adsorption and filtering device, and the power on/off control circuit of the heating device are respectively connected with the single chip microcomputer.
  • the utility model further comprises a charging and discharging controller disposed in the vehicle and a solar panel disposed outside the vehicle body; the power input end of the charging and discharging controller is respectively connected with the solar panel and the cigarette lighter of the automobile, and the power output end of the charging and discharging controller is Battery connection.
  • the system control template further includes a wireless network card connected to the single chip microcomputer; and a mobile phone with a third party application program of the mobile terminal; the system control template is wirelessly connected with the mobile phone.
  • the adsorption and filtering device is installed at the bottom of the passenger seat of the vehicle.
  • the fan is a 12V axial flow fan with a power of 20W to 50W
  • the activated carbon adsorption section uses 1mm to 3mm activated carbon
  • the wall flow ceramic filter body is a honeycomb wall flow type.
  • the structure has a number of holes of 15 to 46 per square centimeter, a wall thickness of the filter body of 0.2 mm to 0.45 mm, and a wall porosity of 20% to 70%.
  • the wall-flow ceramic filter body is selected from cordierite, aluminum titanate or silicon carbide.
  • the heating device is installed on the surface of the automobile dashboard of the vehicle, and the heating fan adopts a 12V axial flow fan, the power is 10W-20W, the voltage of the electric heating screen is 12V, and the power is 100W-200W.
  • the battery is selected from a lead-acid battery or a lithium ion battery, and has a voltage of 12V, a capacity of 10 to 35 Ah, a solar panel output voltage of 12 V to 19 V, and a power of 20 to 100 W.
  • the solar panel is installed on the roof or the rear of the trunk or the rear windshield.
  • the solar panel power is selected from 30W to 100W.
  • the solar panel power is selected from 30W to 50W.
  • the solar panel power is 20W ⁇ 40W.
  • the onboard diagnostic system installed in the vehicle; the onboard diagnostic system transmits the vehicle operation signal to the system control module via wireless Bluetooth.
  • the system control module has three control modes.
  • the system relies on an additional battery to provide power instead of the original car battery; there are two charging methods: one is charging the car cigarette lighter; the other is solar panel charging.
  • the battery supplies power to the system control module, and the control module collects signals of sensors such as temperature, humidity, formaldehyde, carbon monoxide (CO), total volatile organic matter (TVOC), and respirable particulate matter (PM2.5), and an on-board diagnostic system (OBD).
  • the signals of the interface are processed, and then transmitted to the third party application (APP) of the owner's mobile phone by wireless transmission to display the in-vehicle air quality parameter data and the vehicle running state parameter data in real time.
  • APP third party application
  • These historical data can also be stored in the mobile APP program, and can be queried and analyzed at any time to achieve the monitoring function of the air quality inside the vehicle.
  • the control module of the system can be turned on when the content of formaldehyde, carbon monoxide (CO), total volatile organic matter (TVOC) and respirable particulate matter (PM2.5) exceeds the standard.
  • Air purification and adjustment devices installed in the car interior ventilation, filtration and adsorption devices, and heating devices to adjust the air quality inside the vehicle to achieve air purification and adjustment.
  • the control module of the system has three modes for controlling the above air purification and regulating device: first, automatic mode.
  • the system control module can automatically start and stop the above three air purification and adjustment devices according to the condition of the air quality inside the vehicle.
  • the above three air purification and adjustment devices are periodically turned on and off by a calibration (setting) timing program.
  • the above three kinds of air purification and adjustment devices are manually stopped by the driver and passengers in the vehicle, or the driver and passengers send instructions to the system control module through the mobile phone APP program outside the vehicle to realize the artificial control of the above three air purification and adjustment devices. .
  • the vehicle air quality information and the vehicle operating status information are transmitted to the vehicle owner for real-time inquiry and monitoring; and at the same time, the ventilation device, the filtering and adsorption device and the heating device are used to realize the air purification and adjustment in the vehicle, and improve the vehicle.
  • the internal air quality enhances the comfort of driving.
  • the system control module transmits the air quality information of the vehicle and the running status information of the vehicle to the owner's mobile phone APP program for real-time display and monitoring through wireless transmission.
  • the system control module is used to control the start and stop of the interior ventilation device, the adsorption and filtering device, the heating device, etc., to realize the function of purifying and adjusting the air inside the vehicle.
  • the device has the function of reducing gas pollutants and inhalable particulate matter (PM2.5) in the vehicle, and has the function of lowering the temperature inside the vehicle in summer, and has the function of increasing the temperature inside the vehicle in winter.
  • the system uses an additional battery to supply power to the in-vehicle air purification and regulating device, as well as the system control module.
  • the original car battery system is not used to prevent the normal start of the car from being affected by excessive power consumption.
  • the battery adopts the cigarette lighter interface of the original car, and is automatically charged during the formation process without manual charging; in addition, the solar panel can be used for charging, and the battery can be automatically charged as long as the car is placed in a position with sunlight.
  • the battery has a charge and discharge control function, which turns off the charging of the battery during overcharge and overdischarge, and protects the battery without human intervention and adjustment.
  • the system is simple to install and low in cost.
  • the system is small in size, and all components are installed in a suitable position on the vehicle, and wires can be connected between the components.
  • the system has no use cost in the process of use, the battery has the lowest service life in the system, about 2 to 4 years, and needs to be replaced regularly; the adsorption and filtration device needs to be cleaned and replaced regularly according to the air quality inside the vehicle. Materials; other components have a service life of more than 5 years. There are basically no other use and maintenance costs during use.
  • the system is easy to use and intelligent.
  • the system adopts the concept of the Internet of Things, and transmits the air quality information of the vehicle and the running status information of the vehicle to the owner's mobile APP program for monitoring.
  • the owner has three control modes to choose from: automatic mode, timed mode and artificial mode.
  • the control of the air purification and adjustment device in the vehicle only needs to be operated in the mobile APP program, and the use is very convenient and intelligent.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a system of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a distribution diagram of the installation position of the present invention in a car.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of the interior adsorption and filtration apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the in-vehicle heating device of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 1, car cigarette lighter interface; 2, solar panels; 3, charge and discharge controller (in addition to charging control, there is discharge control function, that is, battery low-voltage protection function, to prevent over-discharge); 4, battery 5, system control module (which consists of: sensor signal processing circuit, adsorption and filtering device, in-vehicle heating device and in-vehicle ventilation device, three power supply on/off control circuit and wireless network card; that is, the sensor is located in the processing circuit three
  • the power on/off control circuit and the wireless network card of each device are respectively connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the wireless network card is wirelessly connected with the mobile phone (equipped with APP).
  • the control end of the single chip microcomputer is connected with the power on/off control circuit of the above three devices, that is, the control end of the single chip microcomputer and Corresponding to the relay connection of the control circuit, controlling the power-on of the relay, so that the normally-closed switch of the relay is turned on, thereby turning on the power supply circuit of the corresponding device; 6.
  • the mobile phone (the third-party application APP of the mobile terminal is installed); Humidity sensor; 8, formaldehyde sensor; 9, carbon monoxide (CO) sensor; 10, total volatile organic matter (TVOC) sensor; 11, breathable (PM2.5) sensor; 12, on-board diagnostic system (OBD interface); 13, (in-vehicle) ventilation device (ie, original car air conditioning exhaust fan); 14, (in-vehicle) adsorption and filtration device; 15, (in the car )heating equipment.
  • Humidity sensor 8, formaldehyde sensor; 9, carbon monoxide (CO) sensor; 10, total volatile organic matter (TVOC) sensor; 11, breathable (PM2.5) sensor; 12, on-board diagnostic system (OBD interface); 13, (in-vehicle) ventilation device (ie, original car air conditioning exhaust fan); 14, (in-vehicle) adsorption and filtration device; 15, (in the car )heating equipment.
  • Humidity sensor 8, formaldehyde sensor; 9, carbon monoxide (CO) sensor; 10,
  • the charge and discharge controller 3 is disposed in the vehicle, and the solar panel 2 is disposed outside the vehicle body; the power input terminals of the charge and discharge controller 3 are respectively connected to the solar panel 2 and the cigarette lighter interface 1 of the automobile, and the charge and discharge controller The power output of 3 is connected to the battery 4.
  • the car cigarette lighter interface 1 and the solar panel 2 charge the battery 4, and the charge and discharge controller 3 performs charge and discharge control of the battery 4.
  • the car cigarette lighter interface 1 and the solar panel 2 can be operated separately for charging the battery 4, or can be operated simultaneously for charging.
  • the battery 4 is connected to the system control module 5 through a wire (the 12V DC of the battery can be stepped down by a resistor or a rectifier diode or inverted by a DC to an AC (inverter), stepped down by a transformer, and then rectified by a rectifier, and finally The system control module operates the power supply).
  • the electrical energy of the battery 4 is controlled by the system control module 5 to be supplied to the in-vehicle ventilation unit 13, the in-vehicle adsorption and filtration unit 14, and the in-vehicle heating unit 15.
  • the system control module 5 can perform the opening and closing control of the above three in-vehicle air purifying and regulating devices separately or simultaneously.
  • the system control module 5 collects the indoor temperature and humidity sensor 7, the formaldehyde sensor 8, the carbon monoxide (CO) sensor 9, the total volatile organic matter (TVOC) sensor 10, the inhalable particulate matter (PM2.5) sensor 11, and the onboard diagnostic system (OBD interface). 12 signals and signal processing.
  • the processed signal is transmitted by the system control module 5 to the mobile phone 6 (installed with the mobile terminal third-party application APP) through the wireless network for real-time display, thereby realizing the monitoring function of the air quality inside the vehicle.
  • the mobile phone 6 (installed with a mobile phone mobile terminal third-party application APP) can be based on user requirements
  • the system control module 5 (both wirelessly connected) performs control to turn on and off the operation of the in-vehicle ventilation device 13, the in-vehicle adsorption and filtering device 14 and the in-vehicle heating device 15 in real time to realize the purifying and regulating function of the in-vehicle air.
  • the car cigarette lighter interface 1 is the original car cigarette lighter interface.
  • the solar panel 2 can be placed on the top of the car, or on the top of the trunk, or at the rear windshield; the installation location can be determined according to user needs.
  • the charge and discharge controller 3 and the battery 4 can be installed in a trunk of a car.
  • the system control module 5 and the in-vehicle adsorption and filtration device 14 can be placed below the front seats of the car.
  • the in-vehicle temperature and humidity sensor 7, the formaldehyde sensor 8, the carbon monoxide (CO) sensor 9, the total volatile organic matter (TVOC) sensor 10, and the inhalable particulate matter (PM2.5) sensor 11 can be integrated with the in-vehicle adsorption and filtration device 14.
  • the interior air quality is measured in real time and the signal is passed to the system control module 5 for processing.
  • the onboard diagnostic system (OBD interface) 12 transmits the vehicle operation signal to the system control module 5 via the wireless Bluetooth method to process the vehicle diagnostic system. Mainly the engine's speed, temperature, pressure, intake flow, ignition system, fuel system signals, as well as car air conditioning and interior temperature information.
  • the on-board diagnostic system (OBD interface) is mainly used to provide data basis for vehicle fault diagnosis.
  • the in-vehicle ventilation device 13 is an original vehicle air-conditioning exhaust fan. The vehicle is ventilated and ventilated by the fresh air outside the vehicle to reduce the toxic gas pollutants (such as formaldehyde, carbon monoxide (CO) and total volatile organic matter in the vehicle.
  • the content is reduced to achieve the purpose of purifying the air inside the vehicle; in addition, the purpose of cooling in the interior of the car can be achieved, and the temperature of the interior of the vehicle can be prevented from being overheated, thereby improving the comfort of driving in the summer.
  • the adsorption and filtration device 14 in the vehicle simultaneously adopts adsorption and filtration to adsorb and filter toxic gas pollutants and inhalable particulate matter (PM2.5) in the vehicle to achieve the purpose of purifying the air inside the vehicle.
  • the in-vehicle heating device 15 can be opened in front of the car in winter, so that the temperature inside the car is increased to improve the comfort of driving in winter.
  • the adsorption and filtering device 14 is configured such that the housing 14-3 has an inlet 14-1 and an outlet 14-2.
  • the housing is provided with a fan 14-4 and an activated carbon adsorption section 14-5 from the inlet to the outlet.
  • the vehicle under the attraction of the fan 14-4, the vehicle has a high concentration of toxic gas pollutants and respirable particulate matter (PM2.5), from the interior of the vehicle adsorption and filtration device inlet 14 -1 inflow into the car's adsorption and filtration unit housing 14-3; toxic gas contaminants and respirable particulate matter (PM2.5) first pass through the activated carbon adsorption section 14-5 to achieve formaldehyde, carbon monoxide (CO) and total volatilization The organic matter (TVOC) is removed by adsorption, and at the same time, a part of the large-sized respirable particulate matter (PM2.5) can be intercepted; then the gas flows into the wall-flow ceramic filter body 14-6 to filter the inhalable particulate matter (PM2.5).
  • PM2.5 toxic gas pollutants and respirable particulate matter
  • the adsorbed and filtered clean air flows out of the vehicle adsorption and filtration device outlet 14-2, enters the vehicle, and continuously enters the interior of the vehicle adsorption and filtration device 14-1 under the action of the fan 14-4. Cycle to continuously reduce gas pollutants and respirable particulate matter (PM2.5) Concentration, in-car air purification purposes.
  • PM2.5 respirable particulate matter
  • the heating device 15 is configured such that the heating device housing 15-3 has a heating device inlet 15-1 and a heating device outlet 15-2.
  • a heating fan is sequentially installed from the heating device inlet to the heating device outlet. 15-4 to And electrically heating the screen 15-5; under the suction of the fan 15-4, the cold air in the vehicle flows in from the in-vehicle heating device inlet 15-1, enters the in-vehicle heating device housing 15-3; the cold air passes through the electric heating wire
  • the net 15-5 flows out from the in-vehicle heating device outlet 15-2, enters the interior of the vehicle, and continuously enters the in-vehicle heating device inlet 14-1 under the action of the fan 15-4 to circulate, continuously improving the interior air. Temperature, the purpose of heating inside the car.
  • the cigarette lighter interface provides 12V DC power, and the battery is charged by a 12A charge and discharge controller.
  • the charging current is controlled at about 5A.
  • the vehicle usage time is more than one hour per day, and the charge capacity of the battery can be 5 Ah or more.
  • Solar panel selection The output voltage is between 12V and 19V. Due to the limitation of the area of the turning, when installing the solar panel on the roof, choose 30 ⁇ 100W; when installing on the top of the trunk, choose 30 ⁇ 50W; when installing in the rear windshield, choose 20 ⁇ 40W.
  • the charging current of the solar panel to the battery varies according to the power of the solar panel and the weather conditions, and the maximum charging current does not exceed 8A. In this example, a solar panel with 100W installed on the roof is selected. Under normal daylight conditions, the battery can be charged for more than 10Ah.
  • Battery selection choose 12V lead-acid or lithium-ion battery with a capacity of 15 ⁇ 35Ah.
  • the charging and discharging process of the battery is controlled by the charge and discharge controller to prevent overcharging and overdischarging, thereby improving battery life.
  • the battery life is 2 to 4 years.
  • the battery (installed in the car) can be installed in the trunk of the car for easy replacement and access.
  • the battery is provided with a ventilation device 13 (powering the original vehicle air conditioning exhaust fan), an adsorption and filtering device 14 (powering the fan 14-4), and a heating device (powering the heating fan and the electric heating screen), the system control module
  • the working power source can be converted from a lithium battery or a 12V direct current using the battery 4.
  • In-vehicle ventilation use the original car air conditioning exhaust fan, voltage 12V, power is 100 ⁇ 150W. Under the condition that the original car line is not changed, the power supply line of the system battery (the positive and negative terminals of the battery 4 are respectively connected to the positive and negative current input ends of the original car air conditioning exhaust fan) is connected in parallel with the 12V input power line of the original car air conditioning exhaust fan.
  • the user sets the car air conditioner to an external circulation mode before leaving the car. According to the user's needs, when the ventilation device is turned on, the fresh cold air outside the vehicle can be sucked into the vehicle to ventilate the vehicle to reduce the concentration of gas pollutants.
  • the main function of the device is: the device has three start-stop modes: first, automatic mode. Through the control of the system control module 5, when the air quality in the vehicle is poor or the temperature is high, the device is turned on; when the air quality in the vehicle is good or the temperature is suitable, the device is automatically turned off. Second, the timing mode. The device is turned on and off periodically by a calibration (setting) timing program. Third, the artificial mode.
  • the device is started or stopped by the driver and passenger in the vehicle, or the driver and passenger communicate with the system control module 5 through the mobile phone outside the vehicle to realize the starting and stopping of the device.
  • Three start-stop modes can simultaneously improve and cool the air quality inside the car.
  • the device is particularly suitable for summer car exposure, set the ventilation device to be turned on before driving, to ventilate the air inside the vehicle, reduce the content of gas pollutants, reduce the temperature inside the car, and improve driving comfort. In general, if you need to reduce other pollutants such as formaldehyde, the ventilation time is controlled at 2 to 5 minutes; if you need to reduce the temperature inside the vehicle, the ventilation time is controlled at 20 to 30 minutes.
  • the interior adsorption and filtration device 14 is installed at the bottom of the vehicle's passenger seat.
  • the activated carbon is used for the adsorption of gaseous pollutants
  • the wall-flow ceramic filter is used for particulate matter filtration.
  • the fan selects a 12V axial fan with a power of 20 to 50W.
  • the activated carbon is selected in the form of granules with a particle size of 1 to 3 mm.
  • the wall-flow ceramic filter material is cordierite, aluminum titanate or silicon carbide; the filter body has a cylindrical structure with a diameter of 60 mm to 160 mm, a length of 60 mm to 250 mm, and a porosity of 20% to 70%.
  • the main function of the device is to cyclically adsorb and filter the air inside the vehicle to reduce the content of gaseous pollutants and respirable particulate matter (PM2.5).
  • the device also has three start-stop modes: first, automatic mode. Through the control of the system control module 5, when the air quality in the vehicle is poor, the device is automatically turned on, and the gas pollutants and inhalable particulate matter (PM2.5) in the vehicle are adsorbed and filtered; when the air quality in the vehicle is excellent, the device is automatically turned off.
  • the device Second, the timing mode. The device is turned on and off periodically by a calibration (setting) timing program. Third, the artificial mode.
  • the device is stopped by the driver and passenger in the vehicle, or the driver and the driver can start and stop the device through the mobile phone communication system control module 5 outside the vehicle. All three modes can reduce the air pollutants and respirable particulate matter (PM2.5) in the car, and improve the air quality inside the car.
  • the adsorption and filtration device in the vehicle adopts activated carbon for adsorption of gaseous pollutants, and uses wall-flow ceramic filter to filter particulate matter; according to the condition of air quality inside the vehicle, it is necessary to periodically replace the activated carbon and filter the wall-flow ceramic filter. Wash it.
  • In-car heating device installed on the dashboard surface of the car, at the front windshield; the heating fan selects 12V axial fan, the power is 10 ⁇ 20W; the voltage of the electric heating screen is 12V, and the power is between 100W and 200W.
  • the main function of the device is to circulate and heat the air inside the vehicle to increase the temperature inside the vehicle and improve the comfort of driving.
  • the device also has three start and stop modes: first, automatic mode. Through the control of the system control module 5, when the temperature inside the vehicle is low, the device is automatically turned on, and the heating is heated in the vehicle; when the temperature inside the vehicle is appropriate, the device is automatically turned off. Second, the timing mode. The device is turned on and off periodically by a calibration (setting) timing program. Third, the artificial mode.
  • the device is stopped by the driver and passenger in the vehicle, or the driver and the driver can start and stop the device through the mobile phone communication system control module 5 outside the vehicle. All three modes can achieve an increase in the temperature inside the car.
  • the device is particularly suitable for setting the heating device to be turned on before driving in winter, preheating the air inside the vehicle and improving driving comfort.
  • System control module It can be installed at the bottom of the car's passenger seat at the same time as the vehicle's adsorption and filtering device. At the same time, the module can measure the temperature and humidity, formaldehyde concentration, carbon monoxide (CO) concentration, total volatile organic matter (TVOC) concentration, and inhalation. Particle (PM2.5) concentration and on-board diagnostic system (OBD interface) signals are collected and uploaded to the car in real time. Displayed in the main mobile APP software, users can query and store real-time and historical data.
  • the system control module can also be based on the control mode (such as: automatic mode, timing mode, artificial mode, etc.) provided by the owner of the mobile phone APP software for the interior ventilation device, the interior adsorption and filtering device, the interior ventilation device, and the like.
  • the start-stop control is performed to realize the purification and adjustment of the air inside the vehicle; and the running status information of the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted device can be uploaded to the mobile phone APP software of the vehicle owner for display.
  • the system control module can also detect the state parameters of the battery, such as: voltage information, current information, charge and discharge status, etc., the owner can also query and store in the mobile APP software.
  • the system also has two prominent features:
  • the owner's mobile APP software can monitor the air quality in the car in real time, showing the temperature and humidity inside the car, the concentration of formaldehyde, the concentration of carbon monoxide (CO), the concentration of total volatile organic matter (TVOC), and the inhalation.
  • Air quality purification and adjustment function in the car The owner can set and adopt one or more control modes in the automatic mode, the timing mode and the artificial mode in the mobile APP software to control the ventilation inside the vehicle and the adsorption inside the vehicle. And the start and stop of the filter device and the in-vehicle heating device to improve the air quality inside the car and improve driving comfort.
  • the invention provides an air quality monitoring and purification adjustment system for an automobile interior, which does not need to use the original vehicle power supply during operation, and prevents the ignition of the automobile after the battery power consumption is exhausted, thereby affecting normal driving.
  • the system does not require the user to specifically charge the battery, and the charging of the battery is ensured by charging and solar charging.
  • the mobile APP software Through the mobile APP software, the user can monitor the air quality inside the vehicle in real time, and realize the control of the in-vehicle attachment device by remotely transmitting the command by the mobile phone, purifying and adjusting the air quality inside the vehicle, and improving the driving comfort.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，车内安装有蓄电池（4）以及由该蓄电池（4）分别供电的三个装置，即通风装置（13）、吸附和过滤装置（14）以及加热装置（15），安装在车内的温湿度传感器（7）、甲醛传感器（8）、一氧化碳传感器（9）、总挥发有机物传感器（10）和可吸入颗粒传感器（11）分别与系统控制模块（5）连接，系统控制模块（5）包括传感器信号处理电路以及上述三个装置的电源通断控制电路。该系统能对车内空气质量、温湿度等指标进行实时监测，根据指标超标情况启动上述三个装置，还能由系统控制模块（5）通过无线网上传至手机进行实时显示，同时手机可以根据用户要求对系统控制模块发送指令，实时启闭上述三个装置，实现车内空气的净化调节。

Description

一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统 技术领域
本发明属于汽车车内空气质量监测及净化装置，具体涉及一种汽车车内空气质量、温度、湿度监测以及空气净化温湿度调节系统。
背景技术
根据中国室内装饰协会室内空气监测中心的检测，如果参照室内空气质量标准，93.5％的汽车都存在车内空气甲醛等气体污染物超标的问题，其中新车车内的空气质量最差。当汽车在烈日下暴晒半小时以上时，车内的温度会上升至65℃以上，加速车内甲醛等有害污染物的释放，严重危害驾乘人员的身体健康。同时，由于车内温度过高，进到车里就像进到狭小的桑拿房一样，让人大汗淋漓，造成驾乘的不舒适性。此外，由于目前雾霾天气问题突出，空气中的可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)含量较高，尤其是在汽车集中行驶道路区域的大气中PM2.5含量更高，严重危害驾乘人员的身体健康。因此，十分有必要对车内空气进行净化和调节。
针对车内通风和降温的问题。目前已公开实用新型专利《车用通风降温器》(申请号：200420093683.1)利用，《分体式太阳能轿车室内温度调节器》(申请号：2006162526.0)，《一种用于轿车的通风降温装置》(申请号：200820028299.1)和《车载太阳能排风降温器》(申请号：200920184878.X)，利用太阳能和蓄电池系统供电，采用通风换气的方法将车内空气排出车外。可在一定程度上降低车内温度和减少车内气体污染物，但无制冷功能，车内降温效果不明显。
针对车内制冷降温，发明专利《轿车蓄能快速降温器》(申请号：200910179271.7)利用太阳能板和电池作为系统能源，并利用压缩机压缩并储存低温气体，并在驾乘人员进入车内后由电磁阀控制快速释放低温气体，排出车内热空气。该专利系统复杂，能耗高，且低温气体的实现较为困难，应用将受到一定的限制。发明专利《一种水蒸发式汽车驻车时通风及降温系统》(申请号：201010225769.5)利用廉价的水作为制冷介质，依靠水蒸发吸热降低车内温度。但该专利考虑到维持车内空气的湿度，需要采用高效的热管换热器进行换热，制冷效果主要受到热管换热器的效率；并且在换热后的需要将湿热空气靠大功率的离心风机通过管道排出车外。因此，该系统也存在结构复杂，成本高，能耗较大的缺点。实用新型专利《车用水蒸发式通风及降温装置》(申请号：201220040775.8)采用陶瓷载体自动吸水，并在风机作用下降载体上吸附的水进行蒸发，产生湿冷空气对车内进行降温，并将换热后的 湿空气从车窗排出车外，防止车内湿度过高。该装置兼具通风和降温的功能。
上述专利采用了通风换气的方式对车内空气进行降温，也考虑了采用高压低温气体或者水蒸发方式对车内空气进行制冷，同时也具有降低车内空气污染物的功能；但上述专利无车内空气质量的监测功能和车内空气吸附和过滤功能。
发明内容
本发明的目是提供一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，旨在实时监测车内空气质量及温湿度情况，并通过空气吸附过滤和/或加热方式对车内环境进行净化调节。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，车内安装有蓄电池以及由该蓄电池分别供电的通风装置、吸附和过滤装置以及加热装置；
上述通风装置结构为：上述蓄电池的正负极分别接于原车空调排风扇的正负电流输入端上；上述吸附和过滤装置结构为：壳体上有入口和出口，壳体内从入口至出口方向依次设置有风机、活性炭吸附段以及壁流式陶瓷过滤体；
上述加热装置结构为：加热壳体上有加热装置入口和加热装置出口，加热壳体内从加热装置入口至加热装置出口方向依次安装有加热风机以及电加热丝网；
温湿度传感器、甲醛传感器、一氧化碳传感器、总挥发有机物传感器以及可吸入颗粒传感器均安装在车内，且分别与系统控制模块连接；
系统控制模块包括：传感器信号处理电路，以及上述通风装置、吸附和过滤装置以及加热装置的电源通断控制电路分别与单片机连接。
还具有设置在车内的充放电控制器以及设置在车身外部的太阳能板；上述充放电控制器的电源输入端分别与太阳能板以及汽车点烟器接口连接，充放电控制器的电源输出端与蓄电池连接。
所述系统控制模板还包括与所述单片机连接的无线上网卡；还具有安装有移动终端第三方应用程序的手机；系统控制模板与手机无线连接。
所述吸附和过滤装置安装在车内副驾驶座底部，其风机为12V轴流风机，功率为20W～50W，活性炭吸附段选用1mm～3mm活性炭，壁流式陶瓷过滤体为蜂窝状壁流式结构，每平方厘米的孔数为15～46个，过滤体壁面厚度为0.2mm～0.45mm，壁面孔隙率为20％～70％。
所述壁流式陶瓷过滤体选用堇青石、钛酸铝或碳化硅。
所述加热装置安装在车内汽车仪表盘台面上，其加热风机选用12V轴流风机，功率为10W～20W，其电加热丝网的电压为12V，功率为100W～200W。
所述蓄电池选用铅酸蓄电池或锂离子电池，其电压为12V，容量为10～35Ah，太阳能板输出电压为12V～19V，功率为20～100W。
所述太阳能板安装在车顶或后备箱上面或后挡风玻璃处，当在车顶安装时，太阳能板功率选用30W～100W，当在车后备箱上面安装时，太阳能板功率选用30W～50W，当在后挡风玻璃处安装时，太阳能板功率选用20W～40W。
还具有设置在车内的车载诊断系统；该车载诊断系统通过无线蓝牙方式将汽车运行信号传输给系统控制模块。
系统控制模块具有三种控制模式，第一，自动模式：系统控制模块根据车内空气质量的状况能分别自动起停三种空气净化和调节装置即通风装置、吸附和过滤装置以及加热装置；第二，定时模式：通过标定的定时程序，定期开启和关闭上述三种空气净化和调节装置；第三，人为模式：通过驾乘人员在车内人为起停上述三种空气净化和调节装置，或者驾乘人员在车外通过手机APP程序发送指令给系统控制模块控制三种空气净化和调节装置的起停动作。
本系统依靠附加蓄电池提供电能，而不使用原车蓄电池；充电方式有两种：一种是车载点烟器充电；另一种是太阳能板充电。蓄电池给系统控制模块供电，控制模块分别采集车内温度、湿度、甲醛、一氧化碳(CO)、总挥发有机物(TVOC)和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)等传感器的信号，以及车载诊断系统(OBD接口)的信号，将这些信号进行处理后，通过无线传输方式传递到到车主手机的第三方应用程序(APP)进行实时显示车内空气质量参数数据和汽车运行状态参数数据。这些历史数据还可存储在手机APP程序中，随时进行查询和分析，实现车内空气质量的监测功能。
当车内空气质量较差时，如温度过高或过低，甲醛、一氧化碳(CO)、总挥发有机物(TVOC)和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)等含量超标时，系统的控制模块可开启车内安装的空气净化和调节装置：车内通风装置、过滤和吸附装置以及加热装置，对车内空气质量进行调节，实现车内空气的净化和调节功能。
系统的控制模块对上述空气净化和调节装置的控制有三种模式：第一，自动模式。系统控制模块根据车内空气质量的状况可分别自动起停上述三种空气净化和调节装置。第二，定时模式。通过标定(设定)的定时程序，定期开启和关闭上述三种空气净化和调节装置。第三，人为模式。通过驾乘人员在车内人为起停上述三种空气净化和调节装置，或者驾乘人员在车外通过手机APP程序发送指令给系统控制模块，实现对上述三种空气净化和调节装置的人为控制。
采用物联网的方式，将车内空气质量信息和汽车运行状态信息传递给车主进行实时查询和监控；并同时采用通风装置、过滤和吸附装置以及加热装置，实现车内空气净化和调节，改善车内空气质量，提升驾乘的舒适性。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、具有实时监测车内空气质量信息和汽车运行状态信息的功能。将温度、湿度、甲醛、一氧化碳(CO)、总挥发有机物(TVOC)和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)等传感器安装于车内测量车内空气质量参数，并通过系统控制模块采集上述传感器数据；同时车载诊断系统(OBD接口)的信号通过蓝牙方式发送给系统控制模块进行数据采集。系统控制模块再通过无线传输方式将车内空气质量信息和汽车运行状态信息传递给车主手机APP程序进行实时显示和监测。
2、具有车内空气净化和调节的功能。根据上述监测的车内空气质量数据，依托系统控制模块对车内通风装置、吸附和过滤装置、加热装置等进行起停控制，实现车内空气的净化和调节的功能。该装置具有降低车内气体污染物和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)的功能，具有夏天降低车内温度的功能，具有冬天升高车内温度的功能。
3、无需使用原车电池系统，无需对原车电路进行改变。该系统使用附加蓄电池的方式对车内空气净化和调节装置，以及系统控制模块进行供电，不采用原车电池系统，避免系统用电过多的情况下影响汽车的正常启动。该蓄电池采用原车的点烟器接口，在形成过程中自动进行充电，无需人为充电；此外，还可采用太阳能板充电，只要汽车放置在有阳光照射的位置即可实现对蓄电池的自动充电。蓄电池具有充放电控制功能，在过充和过放时关闭蓄电池的充电，对蓄电池进行保护，无需人为干预和调节。
4、系统安装简单且使用成本低。系统体积小，各部件在车上均有合适位置进行安装，各部件间采用电线连接即可。该系统在使用过程中基本无使用成本，系统中蓄电池的使用寿命最低，约为2～4年，定期需要进行更换；吸附和过滤装置则根据车内空气质量情况，需定期进行清洗和更换吸附材料；其他的部件的使用寿命基本都在5年以上。在使用过程中，基本无其他的使用和维护成本。
5、系统使用方便、智能化。系统采用物联网的理念，将车内空气质量信息和汽车运行状态信息实时传递到车主的手机APP程序中进行监测。车主有三种控制模式进行选择：即自动模式、定时模式和人为模式。对车内空气净化和调节装置的控制，仅需要在手机APP程序中进行操作即可，使用十分方便和智能。
附图说明
图1是本发明的系统结构框图。
图2是本发明在汽车内安装位置的分布图。
图3是本发明的车内吸附和过滤装置示意图。
图4是本发明的车内加热装置示意图。
具体实施方式
图1中：1、汽车点烟器接口；2、太阳能板；3、充放电控制器(除充电控制外，还有放电控制功能，即电池的低压保护功能，防止过放)；4、蓄电池；5、系统控制模块(其组成为：传感器信号处理电路、吸附和过滤装置、车内加热装置和车内通风装置等三个装置的电源通断控制电路以及无线网卡；即传感器位于处理电路三个装置的电源通断控制电路以及无线网卡分别与单片机连接，无线网卡与手机(装有APP)无线连接。单片机的控制端与上述三个装置的电源通断控制电路连接，即单片机控制端与对应控制电路的继电器连接，控制继电器的上电，从而使继电器的常闭开关开启，从而接通对应装置的供电电路)；6、手机(安装有移动终端第三方应用程序APP)；7、温湿度传感器；8、甲醛传感器；9、一氧化碳(CO)传感器；10、总挥发有机物(TVOC)传感器；11、可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)传感器；12、车载诊断系统(OBD接口)；13、(车内)通风装置(即原车空调排风扇)；14、(车内)吸附和过滤装置；15、(车内)加热装置。
参见图1，充放电控制器3设置在车内，太阳能板2设置在车身外部；上述充放电控制器3的电源输入端分别与太阳能板2以及汽车点烟器接口1连接，充放电控制器3的电源输出端与蓄电池4连接。汽车点烟器接口1和太阳能板2为蓄电池4进行充电，并由充放电控制器3进行蓄电池4的充放电控制。汽车点烟器接口1和太阳能板2可以单独工作为蓄电池4进行充电，也可以同时工作进行充电。蓄电池4通过电线与系统控制模块5进行连接(蓄电池的12V直流电可以通过电阻或整流二极管降压或者通过将直流逆变为交流(逆变器)，经变压器降压，再经整流器整流，最后得系统控制模块工作电源)。蓄电池4的电能由系统控制模块5控制输送给车内通风装置13、车内吸附和过滤装置14和车内加热装置15。系统控制模块5可以单独或同时进行上述三种车内空气净化和调节装置的开启和关闭控制。系统控制模块5采集车内温湿度传感器7、甲醛传感器8、一氧化碳(CO)传感器9、总挥发有机物(TVOC)传感器10、可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)传感器11和车载诊断系统(OBD接口)12的信号，并进行信号处理。所处理的信号由系统控制模块5通过无线网上传至手机6(安装有移动终端第三方应用程序APP)进行实时显示，实现车内空气质量的监测功能。同时手机6(安装有手机移动终端第三方应用程序APP)可以根据用户使用要求对 系统控制模块5(二者无线连接)进行控制，实时开启和关闭车内通风装置13、车内吸附和过滤装置14和车内加热装置15的运行，实现车内空气的净化调节功能。
参见图2，汽车点烟器接口1是原车点烟器接口。太阳能板2可安置于汽车顶部，或行李箱顶部，或后挡风玻璃处；安装位置可以根据用户需求进行确定。充放电控制器3和蓄电池4可安装于汽车后备箱中。系统控制模块5和车内吸附和过滤装置14可安置于汽车前排座椅下方。车内温湿度传感器7、甲醛传感器8、一氧化碳(CO)传感器9、总挥发有机物(TVOC)传感器10、可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)传感器11可与车内吸附和过滤装置14集成为一体，实时测量车内空气质量，并将信号传递给系统控制模块5进行处理。车载诊断系统(OBD接口)12通过无线蓝牙方式将汽车运行信号传递给系统控制模块5进行处理汽车诊断系统。主要是发动机的转速，温度，压力，进气流量，点火系统，燃油系统的信号，还包括汽车的空调及车内温度信息等等。车载诊断系统(OBD接口)主要是提供汽车故障诊断的数据依据。车内通风装置13为原车空调排风扇，通过汽车空调外循环方式，吸入车外新鲜空气对车内进行通风换气，降低车内有毒气体污染物(如甲醛、一氧化碳(CO)和总挥发有机物(TVOC)等)含量降低，实现车内空气净化的目的；此外，也可实现夏天车内降温的目的，防止汽车暴晒而使得车内温度过高，提高夏天驾车的舒适度。车内吸附和过滤装置14同时采用吸附和过滤的方式，将车内有毒气体污染物和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)进行吸附和过滤，实现车内空气净化的目的。车内加热装置15可在冬天用车前开启，使得车内温度升高，改善冬天驾车的舒适度。
参见图3，吸附和过滤装置14结构为：壳体14-3上有入口14-1和出口14-2，壳体内从入口至出口方向依次设置有风机14-4、活性炭吸附段14-5以及壁流式陶瓷过滤体14-6；在风机14-4的吸引下，具有较高浓度的车内有毒气体污染物和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)，从车内吸附和过滤装置入口14-1流入，进入车内吸附和过滤装置壳体14-3；有毒气体污染物和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)首先经过活性炭吸附段14-5，实现甲醛、一氧化碳(CO)和和总挥发有机物(TVOC)的吸附脱除，同时可以拦截一部分大粒径的可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)；然后气流进入壁流式陶瓷过滤体14-6，实现可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)的过滤脱除；经吸附和过滤的洁净空气从车内吸附和过滤装置出口14-2流出，进入车内，并在风机14-4的作用下，不断的进入车内吸附和过滤装置入口14-1进行循环，不断降低车内气体污染物和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)的浓度，实现车内空气净化的目的。
参见图4，加热装置15结构为：加热装置壳体15-3上有加热装置入口15-1和加热装置出口15-2，加热壳体内从加热装置入口至加热装置出口方向依次安装有加热风机15-4以 及电加热丝网15-5；在风机15-4的吸引下，车内冷空气从车内加热装置入口15-1流入，进入车内加热装置壳体15-3；冷空气经过电加热丝网15-5加热后，从车内加热装置出口15-2流出，进入车内，并在风机15-4的作用下不断的进入车内加热装置入口14-1进行循环，不断提高车内空气温度，实现车内升温的目的。
下面以家用轿车为例，作进一步的说明：
点烟器接口提供12V直流电，通过一个12A的充放电控制器为蓄电池充电，充电电流控制在5A左右。以上下班用车为例，通常一天的用车时间在1小时以上，可以实现对蓄电池的充电电量为5Ah以上。
太阳能板选择：输出电压在12V～19V之间。由于安转面积的限制，当在车顶安装太阳能板时，选择30～100W；当在车后备箱顶部安装时，选择30～50W；当在后挡风玻璃处安装时，选择20～40W。太阳能板对蓄电池的充电电流根据太阳能板的功率大小和天气状况而变化，最大充电电流不超过8A。本例中选择在车顶安装100W的太阳能板，一般日照情况下工作一天，对蓄电池的充电电量可以达到10Ah以上。
蓄电池选择：选择12V铅酸或锂离子电池，容量为15～35Ah。蓄电池的充放电过程通过充放电控制器进行控制，防止过充和过放，提高蓄电池寿命。一般而言，蓄电池的使用寿命在2～4年。蓄电池(安装在车内)可安装在汽车后备箱中，方便更换和取用。
蓄电池分别为通风装置13(为原车空调排风扇供电)、吸附和过滤装置14(为风机14-4供电)以及加热装置(为加热风机和电加热丝网供电)提供工作电源，系统控制模块的工作电源可采用锂电池或采用蓄电池4的12V直流电变换得来。
车内通风装置：使用原车空调排风扇，电压12V，功率为100～150W。在不改变原车线路的条件下，在原车空调排风扇的12V输入电源线上并联本系统电池(蓄电池4的正负极分别接于原车空调排风扇的正负电流输入端上)的电源线。用户在离开汽车之前，将汽车空调设置为外循环方式。根据用户需要，在开启通风装置时，即可将车外的新鲜冷空气吸入车内，对车内进行通风，降低气体污染物浓度；同时由于新鲜冷空气的吸入，可以降低车内温度，避免汽车暴晒将车内温度升高到驾乘人员难以接受的程度。因此该装置的主要功能是：该装置具有三起停模式：第一，自动模式。通过系统控制模块5的控制，当车内空气质量较差或温度较高时，开启该装置运行；当车内空气质量达到优良或温度适宜时，自动关闭该装置。第二，定时模式。通过标定(设定)的定时程序，定期开启和关闭该装置。第三，人为模式。通过驾乘人员在车内人为起停该装置，或者驾乘人员在车外通过手机与系统控制模块5通讯实现该装置的起停工作。三种起停模式均能同时实现车内空气质量的改善和降温 的功能。该装置特别适合夏天汽车暴晒时，在开车前设定开启该通风装置，对车内空气进行换气，降低气体污染物含量，同时降低车内温度，提高驾乘舒适性。一般而言，若需降低甲醛等其他其他污染物，换气时间控制在2～5分钟；若需降低车内温度，换气时间控制在20～30分钟。
车内吸附和过滤装置：车内吸附和过滤装置14装在汽车副驾驶座底部，采用活性炭进行气体污染物的吸附，采用壁流式陶瓷过滤体进行颗粒物过滤。风机选择12V轴流风机，功率在20～50W。活性炭选择颗粒状，粒径在1～3mm。壁流式陶瓷过滤体材料为堇青石、钛酸铝或碳化硅；过滤体为圆柱形结构，直径为60mm～160mm，长度为60mm～250mm，孔隙率为20％～70％。该装置的主要功能是将车内空气进行循环吸附和过滤，降低气体污染物和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)的含量。该装置也具有三起停模式：第一，自动模式。通过系统控制模块5的控制，当车内空气质量较差时，自动开启该装置，吸附过滤车内气体污染物和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)；当车内空气质量达到优良时，自动关闭该装置。第二，定时模式。通过标定(设定)的定时程序，定期开启和关闭该装置。第三，人为模式。通过驾乘人员在车内人为起停该装置，或者驾乘人员在车外通过手机通讯系统控制模块5实现该装置的起停工作。三种模式均能降低车内气体污染物和可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)，实现车内空气质量的改善。该车内吸附和过滤装置采用活性炭进行气体污染物的吸附，采用壁流式陶瓷过滤体进行颗粒物过滤；根据车内空气质量的状况，定期需要对活性炭进行更换和对壁流式陶瓷过滤体滤芯进行清洗。
车内加热装置：安装在汽车仪表盘台面上，前挡风玻璃处；加热风机选择12V轴流风机，功率在10～20W；电加热丝网的电压为12V，功率在100W～200W之间。该装置的主要功能是将车内空气进行循环加热升温，实现车内温度的升高，提高驾乘的舒适性。该装置也具有三种起停模式：第一，自动模式。通过系统控制模块5的控制，当车内温度较低时，自动开启该装置运行，车内进行加热升温；当车内温度合适时，自动关闭该装置。第二，定时模式。通过标定(设定)的定时程序，定期开启和关闭该装置。第三，人为模式。通过驾乘人员在车内人为起停该装置，或者驾乘人员在车外通过手机通讯系统控制模块5实现该装置的起停工作。三种模式均能实现车内温度的提升。该装置特别适合冬天在开车前设定开启该加热装置，预热车内空气，提高驾乘舒适性。
系统控制模块：与车内吸附和过滤装置可同时安装在汽车副驾驶座底部，同时该模块可以对车内温湿度、甲醛浓度、一氧化碳(CO)浓度、总挥发有机物(TVOC)浓度、可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度以及车载诊断系统(OBD接口)信号进行采集，并实时上传至车 主的手机APP软件中进行显示，用户可进行实时和历史数据查询和存储。同时，该系统控制模块还可以根据车主通过手机APP软件提供的控制模式(如：自动模式，定时模式，人为模式等)对车内通风装置、车内吸附和过滤装置、车内通风装置等的进行起停控制，实现车内空气的净化和调节；并可将上述车载装置的运行状态信息上传至车主的手机APP软件中进行显示。此外，该系统控制模块还可以检测蓄电池的状态参数，如：电压信息，电流信息，充放电状态等，车主也可以在手机APP软件中进行查询和存储。
该系统同时具有两大突出的功能：
(1)车内空气质量实时监测功能：车主的手机APP软件可以实时监测车内空气质量情况，显示车内温湿度、甲醛浓度、一氧化碳(CO)浓度、总挥发有机物(TVOC)浓度、可吸入颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度等信息；同时显示蓄电池和车载装置(车内通风装置、车内吸附和过滤装置、车内加热装置等)的运行状态信息。
(2)车内空气质量净化和调节功能：车主可以在手机APP软件中设定和采用自动模式、定时模式、人为模式中的一种或者多种控制模式，控制车内通风装置、车内吸附和过滤装置、车内加热装置的起停，实现对车内空气质量进行改善，提高驾乘舒适性。
本发明提供汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，该系统在工作时无需使用原车电源，防止因电池电量耗完后无法进行汽车点火，影响正常行驶。该系统无需用户专门针对蓄电池进行充电，通过行车时充电和太阳能充电两种方式，保证对蓄电池的充电。用户通过手机APP软件可实时监测车内空气质量，并通过手机遥控发送指令方式实现对车内附加装置的控制，净化调节车内空气质量，提高驾乘舒适性。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，其特征是，车内安装有蓄电池(4)以及由该蓄电池(4)分别供电的通风装置(13)、吸附和过滤装置(14)以及加热装置(15)；
    上述通风装置(13)结构为：上述蓄电池(4)的正负极分别接于原车空调排风扇的正负电流输入端上；
    上述吸附和过滤装置(14)结构为：壳体(14-3)上有入口(14-1)和出口(14-2)，壳体内从入口至出口方向依次设置有风机(14-4)、活性炭吸附段(14-5)以及壁流式陶瓷过滤体(14-6)；
    上述加热装置(15)结构为：加热装置壳体(15-3)上有加热装置入口(15-1)和加热装置出口(15-2)，加热壳体内从加热装置入口至加热装置出口方向依次安装有加热风机(15-4)以及电加热丝网(15-5)；
    温湿度传感器(7)、甲醛传感器(8)、一氧化碳传感器(9)、总挥发有机物传感器(10)以及可吸入颗粒传感器(11)均安装在车内，且分别与系统控制模块(5)连接；
    系统控制模块(5)包括：传感器信号处理电路，上述通风装置(13)、吸附和过滤装置(14)以及加热装置(15)的电源通断控制电路分别与单片机连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，其特征是，还具有设置在车内的充放电控制器(3)以及设置在车身外部的太阳能板(2)；上述充放电控制器(3)的电源输入端分别与太阳能板(2)以及汽车点烟器接口(1)连接，充放电控制器(3)的电源输出端与蓄电池(4)连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，其特征是，所述系统控制模板(5)还包括与所述单片机连接的无线上网卡；还具有安装有移动终端第三方应用程序的手机(6)；系统控制模板(5)与手机(6)无线连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，其特征是，所述吸附和过滤装置(14)安装在车内副驾驶座底部，其风机(14-4)为12V轴流风机，功率为20W～50W，活性炭吸附段(14-5)选用1mm～3mm活性炭，壁流式陶瓷过滤体(14-6)是圆柱形结构，直径为60～160mm，长度为60～250mm。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，其特征是，所述壁流式陶瓷过滤体(14-6)选用堇青石、钛酸铝或碳化硅。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，其特征是，所述加热装置(15)安装在车内汽车仪表盘台面上，其加热风机(15-4)选用12V轴流风机，功率为10W～20W，其电加热丝网的电压为12V，功率为100W～200W。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，其特征是，所述蓄电池(4)选用铅酸蓄电池或锂离子电池，其电压为12V，容量为10～35Ah，太阳能板(2)输出电压为12V～19V，功率为20～100W。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，其特征是，所述太阳能板(2)安装在车顶或后备箱上面或后挡风玻璃处，当在车顶安装时，太阳能板功率选用30W～100W，当在车后备箱上面安装时，太阳能板功率选用30W～50W，当在后挡风玻璃处安装时，太阳能板功率选用20W～40W。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，其特征是，还具有设置在车内的车载诊断系统(12)；该车载诊断系统(12)通过无线蓝牙方式将汽车运行信号传输给系统控制模块(5)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种汽车车内空气质量监测及净化调节系统，其特征是，系统控制模块(5)具有三种控制模式，第一，自动模式：系统控制模块根据车内空气质量的状况能分别自动起停三种空气净化和调节装置即通风装置(13)、吸附和过滤装置(14)以及加热装置(15)；第二，定时模式：通过标定的定时程序，定期开启和关闭上述三种空气净化和调节装置；第三，人为模式：通过驾乘人员在车内人为起停上述三种空气净化和调节装置，或者驾乘人员在车外通过手机APP程序发送指令给系统控制模块控制三种空气净化和调节装置的起停动作。
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