WO2016199869A1 - ポリアリーレンスルフィドを製造する方法及びポリアリーレンスルフィド - Google Patents
ポリアリーレンスルフィドを製造する方法及びポリアリーレンスルフィド Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/0204—Polyarylenethioethers
- C08G75/0277—Post-polymerisation treatment
- C08G75/0281—Recovery or purification
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
- B01D3/143—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column by two or more of a fractionation, separation or rectification step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/0204—Polyarylenethioethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G75/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G75/02—Polythioethers
- C08G75/0204—Polyarylenethioethers
- C08G75/025—Preparatory processes
- C08G75/0254—Preparatory processes using metal sulfides
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/09—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids
- C08J3/091—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in organic liquids characterised by the chemical constitution of the organic liquid
- C08J3/096—Nitrogen containing compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing polyarylene sulfide and polyarylene sulfide.
- PAS Polyarylene sulfide
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- PAS can be molded into various molded products, films, sheets, fibers, etc. by general melt processing methods such as extrusion molding, injection molding, compression molding, etc., so electrical equipment, electronic equipment, automotive equipment, packaging materials, etc. Widely used in a wide range of technical fields.
- pDCB paradichlorobenzene
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- DHA dihaloaromatic compound
- S sulfur compound
- a method is well known in which PAS is separated from a PAS-containing reaction solution obtained by a polymerization reaction under reduced conditions, and recovered through washing and drying.
- This polymerization reaction is a desalting polycondensation reaction.
- by-product alkali metal salts such as alkali metal halides (for example, NaCl)
- low polymer such as dimers and trimers
- Impurities volatile substances, high-boiling substances, etc.
- these organic amide solvents, by-product alkali metal salts, low polymerization products, impurities, and the like are present between the PAS particles after the polymerization reaction, in the particles, or in the reaction solution.
- the PAS separated from the PAS-containing reaction solution is thoroughly washed to remove the organic amide solvent, by-product alkali metal salt, low polymer, impurities, etc., and then recovered to obtain the quality of PAS as a product. To maintain and improve
- the organic amide solvent removed by the above washing is desirably recovered and reused from the viewpoints of resource saving and cost reduction.
- a water-containing solvent is used as a washing liquid in the washing, and as a method for recovering the organic amide solvent from the washing waste liquid containing the organic amide solvent and water, a method of directly distilling the washing waste liquid, Examples of the method include extraction using an organic solvent such as a specific branched alkyl alcohol (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems.
- an organic solvent is not used from a cleaning waste liquid generated by washing a raw material mixture containing PAS and an organic amide solvent with a water-containing solvent.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing PAS while efficiently recovering an organic amide solvent at a low energy cost, and a PAS produced by this method.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing PAS by reducing the amount of water supplied when the raw material mixture is washed with a water-containing solvent, and a PAS produced by this method. To do.
- the inventors of the present invention have raised the temperature due to compression of distillate vapor generated by distillation of the washing waste liquid generated by washing the raw material mixture with a water-containing solvent and / or compression of the heat medium heat-exchanged with the distillate vapor.
- heating in the above distillation is performed to obtain a recovered liquid composed of a water-containing solvent having a higher organic amide solvent content, and if necessary, the recovered liquid is distilled to obtain an organic amide. It has been found that the first object can be achieved by obtaining a concentrated liquid comprising a solvent having a higher solvent content.
- the inventors of the present invention also provide a heat medium in which the temperature rise due to compression of distillate vapor generated by distillation of the washing waste liquid generated by washing the raw material mixture with a water-containing solvent and / or heat exchanged with the distillate vapor. It is found that the second object can be achieved by heating in the distillation using the temperature rise due to compression of the distillate and using the distillate composed of the condensate of the distillate vapor as the water-containing solvent. It was. Thus, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
- a first embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing a polyarylene sulfide comprising the following steps: (A) A washing step in which a polyarylene sulfide and an organic amide solvent are mixed with a water-containing solvent to obtain a dispersion, and the organic amide solvent is dissolved in the water-containing solvent to wash the polyarylene sulfide.
- a distillation step for separating into a recovered liquid is a method that uses a temperature increase due to compression of the distillate vapor and / or a temperature increase due to compression of the heat medium heat-exchanged with the distillate vapor.
- This method further includes (D) An organic amide solvent concentration step for distilling the recovered liquid to obtain a concentrated solution composed of a solvent having a higher organic amide solvent content; May be included.
- a second embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing polyarylene sulfide, comprising the following steps: (A) A washing step in which a polyarylene sulfide and an organic amide solvent are mixed with a water-containing solvent to obtain a dispersion, and the organic amide solvent is dissolved in the water-containing solvent to wash the polyarylene sulfide. ; (B) a separation step of solid-liquid separation of the dispersion in the washing step to obtain a separation liquid; (C) By heating the separated liquid obtained in the separation step, the separated liquid is separated from a distillate vapor composed of a water-containing solvent having a smaller content of the organic amide solvent and a water-containing solvent having a larger content of the organic amide solvent.
- a distillation step for separating into a recovered liquid Including
- the heating in the distillation step is performed by utilizing the temperature rise due to compression of the distillate vapor and / or the temperature rise due to compression of the heat medium heat-exchanged with the distillate vapor, This is a method of using a distillate composed of a condensed product of the distillate vapor as a water-containing solvent in the washing step.
- a third embodiment of the present invention is a polyarylene sulfide produced by the above method.
- the organic solvent can be efficiently and efficiently used without using an organic solvent.
- a method for producing PAS and a PAS produced by this method can be provided while recovering the amide solvent.
- the raw material mixture containing PAS and organic amide solvent is not particularly limited, and any mixture may be used as long as it contains PAS and organic amide solvent.
- the raw material mixture contains PAS by polymerizing at least one sulfur source selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfides and alkali metal hydrosulfides in an organic amide solvent, for example, and a dihaloaromatic compound. It is obtained through a polymerization step to obtain a reaction solution.
- the raw material mixture is, for example, A prewashing step of washing PAS by mixing PAS or a mixture containing PAS with a washing solution containing an organic amide solvent to obtain a dispersion; A pre-separation step in which the liquid dispersion in the pre-washing step is separated into a PAS-containing mixture and a separation liquid;
- the PAS-containing mixture in the preliminary cleaning step is a polymerization reaction of at least one sulfur source selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfides and alkali metal hydrosulfides and a dihaloaromatic compound in an organic amide solvent.
- it is preferably obtained through a polymerization step for obtaining a reaction solution containing PAS.
- At least one sulfur source selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfides and alkali metal hydrosulfides is used as the sulfur source.
- the alkali metal sulfide include lithium sulfide, sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, rubidium sulfide, cesium sulfide, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
- sodium sulfide and lithium sulfide are preferable because they can be obtained industrially at low cost.
- alkali metal hydrosulfide examples include lithium hydrosulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, potassium hydrosulfide, rubidium hydrosulfide, cesium hydrosulfide, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
- sodium hydrosulfide and lithium hydrosulfide are preferable because they can be obtained industrially at low cost.
- alkali metal hydrosulfide a small amount of alkali metal hydrosulfide may be contained.
- a small amount of alkali metal sulfide may be contained in the alkali metal hydrosulfide.
- the total molar amount of the alkali metal sulfide and the alkali metal hydrosulfide becomes a sulfur source to be used for the polymerization reaction in the polymerization step after the dehydration step to be arranged, if necessary, that is, the “charged sulfur source”. .
- an alkali metal hydroxide is used in combination.
- the alkali metal hydroxide include lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, rubidium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, and a mixture of two or more thereof.
- sodium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide are preferable because they can be obtained industrially at low cost.
- a dihaloaromatic compound is a dihalogenated aromatic compound having two halogen atoms directly bonded to an aromatic ring.
- a halogen atom refers to each atom of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. In the same dihaloaromatic compound, two halogen atoms may be the same or different. These dihaloaromatic compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- dihaloaromatic compound examples include, for example, o-dihalobenzene, m-dihalobenzene, p-dihalobenzene, dihalotoluene, dihalonaphthalene, methoxy-dihalobenzene, dihalobiphenyl, dihalobenzoic acid, dihalodiphenyl ether, dihalodiphenyl sulfone. , Dihalodiphenyl sulfoxide, dihalodiphenyl ketone and the like.
- p-dihalobenzene p-dihalobenzene, m-dihalobenzene, and a mixture of both are preferable, p-dihalobenzene is more preferable, and p-dichlorobenzene (pDCB) is particularly preferably used.
- pDCB p-dichlorobenzene
- Branching / crosslinking agent In order to introduce a branched or crosslinked structure into the produced PAS, a polyhalo compound having 3 or more halogen atoms bonded (not necessarily an aromatic compound), a polyhalo compound as a branching / crosslinking agent, Preferably, trihalobenzene is used.
- Organic amide solvent An organic amide solvent which is an aprotic polar organic solvent is used as a solvent for the dehydration reaction and polymerization reaction.
- Specific examples of the organic amide solvent include amide compounds such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide; N-alkylcaprolactam compounds such as N-methyl- ⁇ -caprolactam; N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-alkylpyrrolidone compounds or N-cycloalkylpyrrolidone compounds such as N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone; N, N-dialkylimidazolidinone compounds such as 1,3-dialkyl-2-imidazolidinone; tetramethylurea, etc.
- Tetraalkylurea compounds hexaalkylphosphoric acid triamide compounds such as hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide.
- These organic amide solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the difference between the boiling point of the organic amide solvent and the boiling point of water is preferably 50 ° C. or higher, more preferably 70 ° C. or higher. Even more preferably, it is 90 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit of the difference is not particularly limited, but is about 150 ° C.
- N-alkylpyrrolidone compounds N-cycloalkylpyrrolidone compounds, N-alkylcaprolactam compounds, and N, N-dialkylimidazolidinone compounds are preferable, and in particular, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone ( NMP), N-methyl- ⁇ -caprolactam, and 1,3-dialkyl-2-imidazolidinone are preferably used, and NMP is particularly preferred.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- NMP N-methyl- ⁇ -caprolactam
- 1,3-dialkyl-2-imidazolidinone 1,3-dialkyl-2-imidazolidinone
- polymerization aids Various polymerization aids can be used as necessary to promote the polymerization reaction.
- Specific examples of polymerization aids include water, organic carboxylic acid metal salts, organic sulfonic acid metal salts, alkali metal halides such as lithium halides, alkaline earth metal halides, and aromatic carboxylic acids that are generally known as polymerization aids for PAS. Examples include alkaline earth metal salts of acids, alkali metal phosphates, alcohols, paraffinic hydrocarbons, and mixtures of two or more thereof.
- the organic carboxylic acid metal salt an alkali metal carboxylate is preferable.
- alkali metal carboxylate examples include lithium acetate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium propionate, lithium valerate, lithium benzoate, sodium benzoate, sodium phenylacetate, potassium p-toluate, and two types thereof. The mixture of the above can be mentioned.
- sodium acetate is particularly preferable because it is inexpensive and easily available.
- the amount of the polymerization aid used varies depending on the type of the compound, but is usually 0.01 to 10 mol, preferably 0.1 to 2 mol, more preferably 0.2 to 1.8 mol per mol of the charged sulfur source. Mol, particularly preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1.7 mol.
- the polymerization assistant is an organic carboxylic acid metal salt, an organic sulfonate, and an alkali metal halide
- the upper limit of the amount used is preferably 1 mol or less, more preferably 1 mol with respect to 1 mol of the charged sulfur source. It is desirable that it is 0.8 mol or less.
- Phase Separation Agent Various phase separation agents are used in order to accelerate the polymerization reaction and obtain a high degree of polymerization PAS in a short time, or to cause phase separation and obtain granular PAS.
- a phase separation agent is a compound that dissolves in an organic amide solvent by itself or in the presence of a small amount of water and has an action of reducing the solubility of PAS in an organic amide solvent.
- the phase separation agent itself is a compound that is not a solvent for PAS.
- phase separation agent a known compound known to function as a phase separation agent can be used.
- the phase separation agent includes the compound used as the above-mentioned polymerization aid.
- the phase separation agent is a step of performing a polymerization reaction in a phase separation state, that is, as a phase separation agent in the phase separation polymerization step. It means a compound used in an amount ratio that can function, or in an amount ratio sufficient to cause phase separation in the presence of the polymer after the end of polymerization.
- phase separation agents include water, organic carboxylic acid metal salts, organic sulfonic acid metal salts, alkali metal halides such as lithium halides, alkaline earth metal halides, alkaline earth metal salts of aromatic carboxylic acids, phosphorus Examples include acid alkali metal salts, alcohols, and paraffinic hydrocarbons.
- organic carboxylic acid metal salts include alkali metal carboxylic acids such as lithium acetate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium propionate, lithium valerate, lithium benzoate, sodium benzoate, sodium phenylacetate, and potassium p-toluate. Salts are preferred.
- phase separation agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these phase separation agents, water that is inexpensive and easy to post-process, or a combination of water and an organic carboxylic acid metal salt such as an alkali metal carboxylate is particularly preferable.
- the phase separation agent when water is used as the phase separation agent, it can be used in combination with other phase separation agents other than water from the viewpoint of efficiently performing the phase separation polymerization.
- the total amount may be an amount that can cause phase separation.
- the phase separation agent may coexist at least partially from the time when the polymerization reaction component is charged, but the phase separation agent may be added during the polymerization reaction or to form phase separation after the polymerization reaction. It is desirable to adjust to a sufficient amount.
- Polymerization PAS is produced by polymerizing at least one sulfur source selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfides and alkali metal hydrosulfides and DHA in an organic amide solvent to produce PAS.
- a preferable polymerization step of the present invention includes at least one sulfur selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfides and alkali metal hydrosulfides in an organic amide solvent containing water derived from a polymerization aid, a phase separation agent, and the like.
- This is a polymerization process in which a source and DHA are subjected to a polymerization reaction to generate a polymerization reaction solution containing PAS.
- the polymerization method for producing PAS may be any polymerization method as long as the present invention is not impaired.
- polymerization methods for producing granular PAS are broadly classified as follows: (i) the polymerization step includes a phase separation polymerization step, and after the phase separation polymerization, the method is gradually cooled; (ii) the phase separation agent is added after the polymerization reaction And (iii) a method using a polymerization aid such as lithium chloride, and (iv) a method of cooling the gas phase portion of the reaction vessel.
- phase-separation polymerization a polymerization reaction step
- phase-separation polymerization a polymerization reaction step
- a phase separation state in which a polymer-rich phase and a polymer-rich phase are mixed in the polymerization reaction system in the presence of a phase separation agent by controlling polymerization conditions.
- granular PAS is produced by a polymerization method including “step”
- a granular PAS having a high degree of polymerization is obtained, so that the sieving efficiency in the separation step is increased, and the yield and productivity are increased. Will improve. Therefore, it is an advantageous polymerization method for increasing the PAS yield of granular products having a high degree of polymerization.
- the polymerization process in this case will be described in detail.
- the polymerization process included in the production method for producing PAS can be carried out through the following preparation process.
- a mixture remaining in the system and DHA are mixed in a dehydration step that is arranged as desired, and an alkali metal hydroxide and water are added as necessary to prepare an organic amide solvent, a sulfur source (a charged sulfur source). ), A feed mixture containing moisture and DHA is prepared.
- the amount of DHA used is usually 0.90 to 1.50 mol, preferably 0.92 to 1.10 mol, and more preferably 0.95 to 1.05 mol with respect to 1 mol of the charged sulfur source.
- the charged molar ratio of DHA to the sulfur source becomes too large, it becomes difficult to produce a high molecular weight polymer.
- the charged molar ratio of DHA to the sulfur source becomes too small, a decomposition reaction tends to occur, and it becomes difficult to carry out a stable polymerization reaction.
- the amount of the alkali metal hydroxide used is usually 0.95 to 1.09 mol, preferably 0.98 to 1 mol with respect to 1 mol of the charged sulfur source.
- the amount is 1.085 mol, more preferably 0.99 to 1.083 mol.
- the sulfur source in the preparation process is called the “prepared sulfur source”.
- the reason is that the amount of the sulfur source put into the reaction tank before the dehydration step varies in the dehydration step.
- the charged sulfur source is consumed by reaction with DHA in the polymerization step, but the molar amount of the charged sulfur source is based on the molar amount in the charged step.
- the amount of the organic amide solvent is usually 0.1 to 10 kg, preferably 0.13 to 5 kg, more preferably 0.15 to 2 kg per mol of the charged sulfur source.
- Polymerization step In the polymerization step, the charge mixture prepared in the charge step is heated to a temperature of usually 170 to 290 ° C, preferably 180 to 280 ° C, more preferably 190 to 275 ° C to start a polymerization reaction, Allow polymerization to proceed.
- the polymerization reaction time is generally in the range of 10 minutes to 72 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours.
- the polymerization reaction is preferably performed in a two-stage process including a pre-stage polymerization process and a post-stage polymerization process.
- this polymerization step in an organic amide solvent, at least one sulfur source selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfides and alkali metal hydrosulfides and DHA are generated in the polymerization reaction system in the presence of a phase separation agent. It includes a polymerization step in which a polymerization reaction is performed in a phase-separated state in which a polymer rich phase and a produced polymer dilute phase coexist. The polymerization reaction is performed at a temperature of 170 to 290 ° C.
- the phase separation agent water described above, a compound known to function as a phase separation agent, or the like is preferably used.
- At least one sulfur source selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfides and alkali metal hydrosulfides and a DHA are polymerized in an organic amide solvent at a temperature of 170 to 270 ° C.
- a phase separation agent is added to the polymerization reaction mixture so that the phase separation agent is present in the polymerization reaction system, and then the polymerization reaction mixture is heated, It is preferable to continue the polymerization reaction at a temperature of 245 to 290 ° C. in a phase separation state in which the produced polymer rich phase and the produced polymer dilute phase coexist in the polymerization reaction system in the presence of the phase separation agent.
- At least one sulfur source selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal sulfide and an alkali metal hydrosulfide is polymerized in an organic amide solvent, and the DHA has a conversion rate of 30. %, Preferably 80 to 99% of the pre-polymerization step; and in the presence of a phase separation agent, polymerization is performed in a phase-separated state in which the produced polymer rich phase and the produced polymer dilute phase coexist in the polymerization reaction system. It is preferable to carry out the polymerization reaction by at least two polymerization steps including a subsequent polymerization step in which the reaction is continued.
- At least one sulfur source selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulfides and alkali metal hydrosulfides and DHA are added in an amount of 0.01 per mole of charged sulfur source.
- the polymerization reaction is performed by at least two stages of polymerization processes including a subsequent polymerization process in which the polymerization reaction is continued in a phase-separated state in which the rich phase and the resulting polymer dilute phase coexist. Masui.
- the conversion rate of DHA is a value calculated by the following equation.
- the amount of coexisting water in the reaction system in the pre-stage polymerization step is usually 0.01 to 2.0 mol, preferably 0.05 to 1.8 mol, more preferably 0.5 to 1.6 mol, per mol of the charged sulfur source. Particularly preferred is the range of 0.8 to 1.5 mol.
- prepolymer In the former polymerization step, it is desirable to produce a polymer (sometimes referred to as “prepolymer”) having a melt viscosity of usually 0.1 to 30 Pa ⁇ s measured at a temperature of 310 ° C. and a shear rate of 1,216 sec ⁇ 1. .
- the post-polymerization step is not a simple fractionation / granulation step of the polymer (prepolymer) produced in the pre-polymerization step, but is for causing an increase in the degree of polymerization of the polymer.
- the subsequent polymerization step it is particularly preferable to use water as the phase separation agent, and more than 2.0 mol, more preferably less than 10 mol, more preferably more than 2.0 mol, more than 9 mol relative to 1 mol of the charged sulfur source It is preferable to adjust the amount of water in the polymerization reaction system so that 2.1 to 8 mol, particularly preferably 2.2 to 7 mol of water is present.
- the degree of polymerization of the produced PAS may decrease.
- water and another phase separation agent other than water can be used in combination.
- the amount of water in the polymerization reaction system is 0.1 to 10 mol, preferably 0.3 to 10 mol, more preferably 0.4 to 9 mol, particularly preferably 0. It is preferable to adjust the amount within the range of 5 to 8 mol, and to make the phase separation agent other than water exist within the range of 0.001 to 3 mol per mol of the charged sulfur source.
- phase separation agents that are particularly preferred to be used in combination with organic carboxylic acid metal salts, especially alkali metal carboxylates, in which case water is added in an amount of 0.5 to 1 mol per mol of the charged sulfur source. It is used within a range of 10 mol, preferably 0.6 to 7 mol, particularly preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, and alkali metal carboxylate is used in an amount of 0.001 to 0.7 mol, preferably 0.02 to It may be used within a range of 0.6 mol, particularly preferably 0.05 to 0.5 mol.
- the polymerization temperature in the subsequent polymerization step is in the range of 245 to 290 ° C.
- the polymerization temperature is less than 245 ° C., it is difficult to obtain a high degree of polymerization, and when it exceeds 290 ° C., the PAS and the organic amide solvent are decomposed. There is a fear.
- a temperature range of 250 to 270 ° C. is preferable because a PAS having a high degree of polymerization can be easily obtained.
- a dehydration step may be arranged as desired before the preparation step in carrying out the polymerization step.
- water consisting of hydrated water (crystal water), an aqueous medium, by-product water and the like is dehydrated until it falls within the required amount.
- the amount of coexisting water in the polymerization reaction system is usually 0.01 to 2.0 mol, preferably 0.05 to 1.8 mol, more preferably 0.5 to 0.1 mol with respect to 1 mol of the charged sulfur source. Dehydrate to 1.6 moles.
- the sulfur source after the dehydration step and before the start of the polymerization step is referred to as “prepared sulfur source”.
- water may be added to the desired amount of water before the polymerization step.
- an alkali metal hydrosulfide When an alkali metal hydrosulfide is used as the sulfur source, 0.9 to 1.1 mol, preferably 0.91 per mol of the organic amide solvent, the alkali metal hydrosulfide, and the alkali metal hydrosulfide in the dehydration step.
- the mixture containing ⁇ 1.08 mol, more preferably 0.92 to 1.07 mol, particularly preferably 0.93 to 1.06 mol of alkali metal hydroxide is heated to react, and the mixture is reacted. It is preferable that at least a part of the distillate containing water is discharged out of the system.
- Pre-washing, pre-separation Pre-cleaning process
- water-insoluble impurities mixed in the PAS or PAS-containing mixture such as PAS oligomers, decomposition products in the polymerization process, unreacted raw materials (for example, unreacted materials such as unreacted pDCB)
- unreacted raw materials for example, unreacted materials such as unreacted pDCB
- the PAS is washed using a washing solution containing an organic amide solvent.
- the cleaning liquid containing an organic amide solvent examples include an organic amide solvent, a mixed solvent of an organic amide solvent and water, other solvents such as ketones, alcohols, and hexane.
- a mixed solvent of an organic amide solvent and water. are preferred, and organic amide solvents are more preferred.
- the ratio of the organic amide solvent in the cleaning liquid containing the organic amide solvent is preferably 50 to 100% by mass, more preferably 60 to 100% by mass, and still more preferably 70 to 100% by mass. 80 to 100% by mass is even more preferable, and 90 to 100% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the cleaning liquid in the preliminary cleaning process at least a part of the recovered liquid obtained in the distillation process described below and / or organic described below is used. It is preferable to use at least a part of the concentrate obtained in the amide solvent concentration step, and more preferable to use at least a part of the concentrate obtained in the organic amide solvent concentration step in terms of higher purity of the organic amide solvent. .
- the second embodiment of the present invention it is preferable to use at least a part of the recovered liquid obtained in the distillation process described later as the cleaning liquid in the preliminary cleaning process. .
- the dispersion in the preliminary washing step is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and separated into a PAS-containing mixture and a separation liquid.
- the dispersion may be a dispersion being washed in the preliminary washing step or a dispersion after washing in the preliminary washing step.
- the dispersion during the washing is a dispersion when it is difficult to clearly distinguish between the preliminary washing step and the preliminary separation step as in the case of washing and separation in a continuous washing tower or the like.
- This dispersion is a dispersion in which the preliminary washing step and the preliminary separation step can be clearly distinguished.
- the opening diameter of the screen used for separation by sieving in the preliminary separation step is usually 75 ⁇ m (200 mesh) to 180 ⁇ m (80 mesh), preferably 90 ⁇ m (170 mesh) to 150 ⁇ m (100 mesh). ). At least one screen in this range is used, but it may be used in multiple stages. Usually, a screen having an opening diameter of 150 ⁇ m (100 mesh) is often used.
- water-containing solvent examples include water, a mixed solvent of water and an organic amide solvent, alcohols, ketones, and the like, and a mixed solvent of water, water and an organic amide solvent is preferable, and water and organic A mixed solvent with an amide solvent is more preferable.
- the ratio of water in the water-containing solvent is preferably 50 to 100% by mass, more preferably 70 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 90 to 100% by mass, and 95 to 100% by mass. Even more preferably, it is particularly preferably 98 to 100% by mass.
- the dispersion in the washing process is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a separation liquid.
- the dispersion may be a dispersion being washed in the washing process or a dispersion after washing in the washing process.
- the dispersion during washing is a dispersion when it is difficult to clearly distinguish between the washing step and the separation step as in the case of washing and separation in a continuous washing tower or the like.
- the liquid is a dispersion in which the washing process and the separation process can be clearly distinguished. Solid-liquid separation in the separation step can be performed in the same manner as in the preliminary separation step.
- the recovery rate of PAS recovered as a product is obtained as the PAS mass (theoretical amount) when it is assumed that all of the available sulfur components in the charged sulfur source present in the reaction vessel after the dehydration step have been converted to PAS. Calculated as the total amount of PAS produced.
- This recovery rate depends on the sieve opening of the screen, but in the case of at least one screen having an opening of 75 ⁇ m (200 mesh) to 180 ⁇ m (80 mesh), it is usually 80% by mass or more. Is 83% by mass or more, and in some cases, 85% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the recovery rate is about 99.5% by mass.
- the average particle diameter of the obtained PAS depends on the opening diameter of the screen of the sieve, but in the case of at least one screen having an opening diameter of 75 ⁇ m (200 mesh) to 180 ⁇ m (80 mesh),
- the thickness is 100 to 5,000 ⁇ m, preferably 120 to 3,000 ⁇ m, more preferably 130 to 1,500 ⁇ m.
- the melt viscosity of the obtained PAS depends on the mesh opening diameter of the sieve screen, but in the case of at least one screen having an opening diameter of 75 ⁇ m (200 mesh) to 180 ⁇ m (80 mesh), the melt viscosity of PAS Is usually 0.5 to 5,000 Pa ⁇ s, preferably 1 to 4,500 Pa ⁇ s, more preferably 2 to 4 as measured under conditions of a temperature of 310 ° C. and a shear rate of 1,216 sec ⁇ 1. 000 Pa ⁇ s.
- Distillation step In the distillation step, by heating the separated liquid obtained in the separation step, the separated liquid is separated into a distillate vapor comprising a water-containing solvent having a lower organic amide solvent content and water having a higher organic amide solvent content. It isolate
- the heating in the distillation step is performed by utilizing the temperature increase due to compression of the distillate vapor and / or the temperature increase due to compression of the heat medium exchanged with the distillate vapor.
- the heating may be performed in combination with other temperature raising means, and at the time of the combined use, the heating is mainly caused by the temperature rise due to compression of the distillate vapor and / or heat exchange with the distillate vapor.
- the recovered liquid composed of the water-containing solvent having a high content of the organic amide solvent contains the organic amide solvent with sufficient concentration and quality, at least a part of the recovered liquid is used as the reaction solvent in the polymerization step. Can be used as
- the distillation step since distillation is performed using a so-called heat pump, a large amount of energy consumed for evaporating water from the separation liquid obtained in the separation step is recovered again as energy and used for heating the separation liquid. be able to. As a result, the distillation can be performed with an energy of about 10% to 40%, compared to the case where the distillation is performed without using a heat pump.
- a distillate composed of the condensed vapor of the distillate vapor (hereinafter also referred to as “distillate in the distillation step”) is used as the water-containing solvent in the washing step.
- water can be reused, and the amount of water supplied from the outside can be reduced.
- a distillate derived from distillate vapor by distillation in the organic amide solvent concentration step described later (hereinafter also referred to as “distillate in the organic amide solvent concentration step”) is washed. It can also be used as a water-containing solvent.
- the distillate in the organic amide solvent concentration step is an impurity. Therefore, it is preferable to mainly use the distillate in the distillation step as a water-containing solvent in the washing step.
- a method of performing distillation using a so-called heat pump is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method using an apparatus described in JP-A-2014-168740.
- the distillation method may be a single-stage type or a multi-stage type, and is preferably a single-stage type.
- the heat medium that exchanges heat with the distillate vapor is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include fluorocarbons such as Freon, ammonia, and hydrocarbons.
- Organic Amide Solvent Concentration Step In the organic amide solvent concentration step, the recovered liquid separated in the distillation step is distilled to obtain a concentrated solution composed of a solvent having a higher organic amide solvent content.
- the distillation method is not particularly limited, and a known method can be employed.
- distillation of the recovered liquid is performed by separating the recovered liquid and the separated liquid separated in the preliminary separation step. May be carried out by distillation.
- the distillate derived from the distillate vapor by distillation in the organic amide solvent concentration step may be discarded, or the total amount of the distillate or the distillate not discarded above.
- the remaining portion may be reused, for example, as a cleaning liquid in the cleaning process.
- the amount of water separated in the distillate is greatly reduced, even if at least a part of the distillate is discarded, it is possible to save resources, reduce costs, etc. Can be kept low.
- the ratio of the organic amide solvent in the concentrated liquid obtained by the organic amide solvent concentration step is preferably 50 to 100% by mass, more preferably 60 to 100% by mass, and 70 to 100% by mass. Even more preferably, it is 80 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 90 to 100% by mass.
- the concentrate obtained by the organic amide solvent concentration step contains an organic amide solvent having a sufficient concentration and quality
- at least a part of the concentrate may be used as a reaction solvent in the polymerization step.
- At least a part of the concentrated liquid may be used in combination with at least a part of the recovered liquid.
- FIG. 1 shows the method of the present invention for producing a PAS while recovering an organic amide solvent from a washing waste liquid generated by washing a raw material mixture containing PAS and an organic amide solvent with a water-containing solvent. It is a schematic diagram shown.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a conventional method for producing PAS while recovering an organic amide solvent from a washing waste liquid generated by washing a raw material mixture containing PAS and an organic amide solvent with a water-containing solvent. It is.
- the raw material mixture A containing PAS and NMP is washed with NMP in the preliminary washing / separation apparatus 1 and separated into a PAS-containing mixture B containing PAS and NMP and NMP E.
- the PAS-containing mixture B is washed with a water-containing solvent in the washing / separation apparatus 2 and separated into a product PAS C containing PAS and water and a water-containing solvent F.
- the water-containing solvent F contains water having a higher content of distillate H and NMP derived from a distillate vapor composed of a water-containing solvent having a lower content of NMP by means of a heat recovery distillation apparatus 3 using a so-called heat pump. It isolate
- the distillate H is reused as a cleaning liquid in the cleaning / separation apparatus 2.
- the recovered liquid I is mixed with NMP E in the mixing tank 4, and the water-containing solvent J is distilled in the distillation apparatus 5 and separated into NMP D and water K.
- NMP D is reused as NMP used in the preliminary cleaning / separation apparatus 1.
- the water K is discarded.
- FIG. 2 is the same as FIG. 1 except that the water-containing solvent F is directly charged into the mixing tank 4 and the distillate H is not supplied to the cleaning / separation apparatus 2 without using the heat recovery distillation apparatus 3. It is the same.
- Table 1 shows an example of the material balance in FIG.
- Table 2 shows an example of the material balance in FIG.
- the unit of the numerical value in Table 1 and 2 is a mass part.
- the amount of water G supplied to the cleaning / separation device 2 (125 parts by mass) is approximately compared with the conventional method (1475 parts by mass). It is reduced to 1/10.
- the amount of water (50 parts by mass) in the water-containing solvent J is greatly reduced compared to the conventional method (1400 parts by mass). The amount of energy used to separate NMP and water has been greatly reduced.
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Abstract
Description
(a)ポリアリーレンスルフィドと有機アミド溶媒とを含有する原料混合物を水含有溶媒と混合して分散液を得、有機アミド溶媒を水含有溶媒中に溶解させて、ポリアリーレンスルフィドを洗浄する洗浄工程;
(b)洗浄工程における分散液を固液分離し、分離液を得る分離工程;
(c)分離工程で得た分離液の加熱により、該分離液を、有機アミド溶媒の含有量がより少ない水含有溶媒からなる留出蒸気と有機アミド溶媒の含有量がより多い水含有溶媒からなる回収液とに分離する蒸留工程;
を含み、
蒸留工程における加熱は、該留出蒸気の圧縮による温度上昇及び/又は該留出蒸気と熱交換された熱媒体の圧縮による温度上昇を利用して行う方法である。この方法は、更に、
(d)該回収液を蒸留して、有機アミド溶媒の含有量が更に多い溶媒からなる濃縮液を得る有機アミド溶媒濃縮工程;
を含んでもよい。
(a)ポリアリーレンスルフィドと有機アミド溶媒とを含有する原料混合物を水含有溶媒と混合して分散液を得、有機アミド溶媒を水含有溶媒中に溶解させて、ポリアリーレンスルフィドを洗浄する洗浄工程;
(b)洗浄工程における分散液を固液分離し、分離液を得る分離工程;
(c)分離工程で得た分離液の加熱により、該分離液を、有機アミド溶媒の含有量がより少ない水含有溶媒からなる留出蒸気と有機アミド溶媒の含有量がより多い水含有溶媒からなる回収液とに分離する蒸留工程;
を含み、
蒸留工程における加熱は、該留出蒸気の圧縮による温度上昇及び/又は該留出蒸気と熱交換された熱媒体の圧縮による温度上昇を利用して行い、
該留出蒸気の凝結物からなる留出液を、洗浄工程における水含有溶媒として用いる方法である。
前記原料混合物は、例えば、有機アミド溶媒中で、アルカリ金属硫化物及びアルカリ金属水硫化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の硫黄源とジハロ芳香族化合物とを重合反応させて、PASを含有する反応液を得る重合工程を経て得られる。
PAS又はPAS含有混合物を、有機アミド溶媒を含有する洗浄液と混合して分散液を得て、PASを洗浄する予備洗浄工程;
予備洗浄工程における分散液を固液分離し、PAS含有混合物と分離液とに分離する予備分離工程;
を経て得られる。ここで、予備洗浄工程における前記PAS含有混合物は、有機アミド溶媒中で、アルカリ金属硫化物及びアルカリ金属水硫化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の硫黄源とジハロ芳香族化合物とを重合反応させて、PASを含有する反応液を得る重合工程を経て得られることが好ましい。
以下、下記I.II.では、先ず、PASの製造の一例に関して述べる。なお、PASの製造方法及びその際の重合方法は、以下の方法に限定されず、本発明の効果を損なわない限り、如何なる方法でもよい。
1.硫黄源
硫黄源としてアルカリ金属硫化物及びアルカリ金属水硫化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の硫黄源を使用する。アルカリ金属硫化物としては、硫化リチウム、硫化ナトリウム、硫化カリウム、硫化ルビジウム、硫化セシウム、及びこれらの2種以上の混合物などを挙げることができる。
これらの中でも、工業的に安価に入手できる点で、硫化ナトリウム及び硫化リチウムが好ましい。
ジハロ芳香族化合物(DHA)は、芳香環に直接結合した2個のハロゲン原子を有するジハロゲン化芳香族化合物である。ハロゲン原子とは、フッ素、塩素、臭素、及びヨウ素の各原子を指し、同一ジハロ芳香族化合物において、2つのハロゲン原子は、同じでも異なっていてもよい。これらのジハロ芳香族化合物は、それぞれ単独で、あるいは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。ジハロ芳香族化合物の具体例としては、例えば、o-ジハロベンゼン、m-ジハロベンゼン、p-ジハロベンゼン、ジハロトルエン、ジハロナフタレン、メトキシ-ジハロベンゼン、ジハロビフェニル、ジハロ安息香酸、ジハロジフェニルエーテル、ジハロジフェニルスルホン、ジハロジフェニルスルホキシド、ジハロジフェニルケトン等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、p-ジハロベンゼン、m-ジハロベンゼン、及びこれら両者の混合物が好ましく、p-ジハロベンゼンがより好ましく、p-ジクロロベンゼン(pDCB)が、特に好ましく用いられる。
生成PASに分岐または架橋構造を導入するために、3個以上のハロゲン原子が結合したポリハロ化合物(必ずしも芳香族化合物でなくてもよい)、分岐・架橋剤としてのポリハロ化合物として、好ましくはトリハロベンゼンが挙げられる。
脱水反応及び重合反応の溶媒として、非プロトン性極性有機溶媒である有機アミド溶媒を用いる。有機アミド溶媒の具体例としては、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド等のアミド化合物;N-メチル-ε-カプロラクタム等のN-アルキルカプロラクタム化合物;N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N-シクロヘキシル-2-ピロリドン等のN-アルキルピロリドン化合物またはN-シクロアルキルピロリドン化合物;1,3-ジアルキル-2-イミダゾリジノン等のN,N-ジアルキルイミダゾリジノン化合物;テトラメチル尿素等のテトラアルキル尿素化合物;ヘキサメチルリン酸トリアミド等のヘキサアルキルリン酸トリアミド化合物等が挙げられる。これらの有機アミド溶媒は、それぞれ単独で用いてもよいし、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。なお、本発明においては、後述する蒸留工程における分離効率の観点から、有機アミド溶媒の沸点と水の沸点との差が50℃以上であることが好ましく、70℃以上であることがより好ましく、90℃以上であることが更により好ましい。上記差の上限は、特に限定されないが、150℃程度である。
重合反応を促進させるために、必要に応じて、各種重合助剤を用いることができる。重合助剤の具体例としては、一般にPASの重合助剤として公知の水、有機カルボン酸金属塩、有機スルホン酸金属塩、ハロゲン化リチウムなどのアルカリ金属ハライド、アルカリ土類金属ハライド、芳香族カルボン酸のアルカリ土類金属塩、リン酸アルカリ金属塩、アルコール類、パラフィン系炭化水素類、及びこれらの2種以上の混合物などが挙げられる。有機カルボン酸金属塩としては、アルカリ金属カルボン酸塩が好ましい。アルカリ金属カルボン酸塩としては、例えば、酢酸リチウム、酢酸ナトリウム、酢酸カリウム、プロピオン酸ナトリウム、吉草酸リチウム、安息香酸リチウム、安息香酸ナトリウム、フェニル酢酸ナトリウム、p-トルイル酸カリウム、及びこれらの2種以上の混合物を挙げることができる。アルカリ金属カルボン酸塩としては、安価で入手しやすいことから、酢酸ナトリウムが特に好ましい。重合助剤の使用量は、化合物の種類により異なるが、仕込み硫黄源1モルに対し、通常0.01~10モル、好ましくは0.1~2モル、より好ましくは0.2~1.8モル、特に好ましくは0.3~1.7モルの範囲である。
重合反応を促進させ、高重合度のPASを短時間で得るために、または相分離を生起し粒状PASを得るために、各種相分離剤を用いる。相分離剤とは、それ自身でまたは少量の水の共存下に、有機アミド溶媒に溶解し、PASの有機アミド溶媒に対する溶解性を低下させる作用を有する化合物である。相分離剤自体は、PASの溶媒ではない化合物である。
PASの製造は、有機アミド溶媒中で、アルカリ金属硫化物及びアルカリ金属水硫化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の硫黄源とDHAとを重合反応させてPASを生成させることで行われる。
また、本発明の好ましい重合工程は、重合助剤や相分離剤等に由来する水を含む有機アミド溶媒中で、アルカリ金属硫化物及びアルカリ金属水硫化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の硫黄源とDHAとを重合反応させ、PASを含む重合反応液を生成させる重合工程である。
本発明では、PASを製造する重合方法については、本発明を損なわない限り、如何なる重合方法でもよい。
PASを製造する製造方法に含まれる重合工程は、以下の仕込み工程を経て実施することができる。
仕込み工程は、所望により配置する脱水工程で系内に残存する混合物とDHAとを混合し、必要に応じてアルカリ金属水酸化物及び水を添加して、有機アミド溶媒、硫黄源(仕込み硫黄源)、水分、及びDHAを含有する仕込み混合物を調製する。
重合工程では、前記の仕込み工程により調整した仕込み混合物を、通常170~290℃、好ましくは180~280℃、より好ましくは190~275℃の温度に加熱して、重合反応を開始させ、重合を進行させる。重合反応時間は、一般に10分間~72時間の範囲であり、望ましくは30分間~48時間である。重合反応は、前段重合工程と後段重合工程の2段階工程で行うことが好ましい。
転化率=〔〔DHA仕込み量(モル)-DHA残存量(モル)〕/〔DHA仕込み量(モル)-DHA過剰量(モル)〕〕×100
によって転化率を算出する。それ以外の場合には、下記式
転化率=〔〔DHA仕込み量(モル)-DHA残存量(モル)〕/〔DHA仕込み量(モル)〕〕×100
によって転化率を算出する。
PASの製造において、重合工程を実施する際の仕込み工程前に、所望により脱水工程を配置してもよい。
脱水工程では、水和水(結晶水)や水媒体、副生水などからなる水分を必要量の範囲内になるまで脱水する。
1.予備洗浄工程
予備洗浄工程では、PAS又はPAS含有混合物中に混入している水不溶性不純物、例えば、PASオリゴマー、重合工程等における分解生成物、未反応の原料(例えば、未反応pDCB等の未反応DHA)等の低分子量成分を除去することを目的として、有機アミド溶媒を含有する洗浄液を用いてPASを洗浄する。
予備分離工程では、予備洗浄工程における分散液を固液分離し、PAS含有混合物と分離液とに分離する。上記分散液は、予備洗浄工程における洗浄中の分散液であっても、予備洗浄工程における洗浄後の分散液であってもよい。上記洗浄中の分散液は、連続洗浄塔等において洗浄及び分離を行う場合のように、予備洗浄工程と予備分離工程とを明確に区別することが困難な場合の分散液であり、上記洗浄後の分散液は、予備洗浄工程と予備分離工程とを明確に区分できる場合の分散液である。
予備分離工程における篩分による分離に用いられるスクリーンの目開き径は、通常、目開き径75μm(200メッシュ)~180μm(80メッシュ)、好ましくは目開き径90μm(170メッシュ)~150μm(100メッシュ)である。この範囲のスクリーンを少なくとも1つ用いるが、多段で用いてもよい。通常、目開き径150μm(100メッシュ)のスクリーンが用いられることが多い。
1.洗浄工程
洗浄工程では、PASと有機アミド溶媒とを含有する原料混合物を水含有溶媒と混合して分散液を得、有機アミド溶媒を水含有溶媒中に溶解させて、PASを洗浄する。
分離工程では、洗浄工程における分散液を固液分離し、分離液を得る。上記分散液は、洗浄工程における洗浄中の分散液であっても、洗浄工程における洗浄後の分散液であってもよい。上記洗浄中の分散液は、連続洗浄塔等において洗浄及び分離を行う場合のように、洗浄工程と分離工程とを明確に区別することが困難な場合の分散液であり、上記洗浄後の分散液は、洗浄工程と分離工程とを明確に区分できる場合の分散液である。
分離工程における固液分離は、予備分離工程の場合と同様に行うことができる。
この回収率は、篩分のスクリーンの目開き径にもよるが、目開き径75μm(200メッシュ)~180μm(80メッシュ)の範囲の少なくとも1つのスクリーンの場合、通常80質量%以上、場合によっては83質量%以上、また場合によっては85質量%以上である。回収率の上限は、99.5質量%程度である。
蒸留工程では、分離工程で得た分離液の加熱により、該分離液を、有機アミド溶媒の含有量がより少ない水含有溶媒からなる留出蒸気と有機アミド溶媒の含有量がより多い水含有溶媒からなる回収液とに分離する。蒸留工程における加熱は、該留出蒸気の圧縮による温度上昇及び/又は該留出蒸気と熱交換された熱媒体の圧縮による温度上昇を利用して行う。上記加熱は、他の温度上昇手段を併用して行ってもよく、併用の際、上記加熱は、主に、該留出蒸気の圧縮による温度上昇及び/又は該留出蒸気と熱交換された熱媒体の圧縮による温度上昇を利用して行うことが好ましい。なお、該有機アミド溶媒の含有量が多い水含有溶媒からなる回収液は、十分な濃度及び品質の有機アミド溶媒を含有することから、該回収液の少なくとも一部を、上記重合工程における反応溶媒として用いることができる。
有機アミド溶媒濃縮工程では、蒸留工程で分離された回収液を蒸留して、有機アミド溶媒の含有量が更に多い溶媒からなる濃縮液を得る。蒸留の方法としては、特に限定されず、公知の方法を採用することができる。
図1は、PASと有機アミド溶媒とを含有する原料混合物を水含有溶媒で洗浄して生じた洗浄廃液から、有機アミド溶媒を回収しつつ、PASを製造する本発明の方法を示す模式図である。一方、図2は、PASと有機アミド溶媒とを含有する原料混合物を水含有溶媒で洗浄して生じた洗浄廃液から、有機アミド溶媒を回収しつつ、PASを製造する従来の方法を示す模式図である。
2 洗浄・分離装置
3 熱回収型蒸留装置
4 混合槽
5 蒸留装置
Claims (13)
- ポリアリーレンスルフィドを製造する方法であって、下記の工程;
(a)ポリアリーレンスルフィドと有機アミド溶媒とを含有する原料混合物を水含有溶媒と混合して分散液を得、有機アミド溶媒を水含有溶媒中に溶解させて、ポリアリーレンスルフィドを洗浄する洗浄工程;
(b)洗浄工程における分散液を固液分離し、分離液を得る分離工程;
(c)分離工程で得た分離液の加熱により、該分離液を、有機アミド溶媒の含有量がより少ない水含有溶媒からなる留出蒸気と有機アミド溶媒の含有量がより多い水含有溶媒からなる回収液とに分離する蒸留工程;
を含み、
蒸留工程における加熱は、該留出蒸気の圧縮による温度上昇及び/又は該留出蒸気と熱交換された熱媒体の圧縮による温度上昇を利用して行う方法。 - 更に、
(d)該回収液を蒸留して、有機アミド溶媒の含有量が更に多い溶媒からなる濃縮液を得る有機アミド溶媒濃縮工程;
を含む請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記原料混合物は、
ポリアリーレンスルフィド又はポリアリーレンスルフィド含有混合物を、有機アミド溶媒を含有する洗浄液と混合して分散液を得て、ポリアリーレンスルフィドを洗浄する予備洗浄工程;
予備洗浄工程における分散液を固液分離し、ポリアリーレンスルフィド含有混合物と分離液とに分離する予備分離工程;
を経て得られる請求項1又は2に記載の方法。 - 前記回収液の少なくとも一部及び/又は前記濃縮液の少なくとも一部を、予備洗浄工程における洗浄液として用いる請求項3に記載の方法。
- 有機アミド溶媒濃縮工程において、前記回収液の蒸留は、該回収液と予備分離工程で分離された分離液との混合物を蒸留することにより行う請求項3又は4に記載の方法。
- 有機アミド溶媒濃縮工程における蒸留による留出蒸気由来の留出液の少なくとも一部を廃棄する請求項5に記載の方法。
- ポリアリーレンスルフィドを製造する方法であって、下記の工程;
(a)ポリアリーレンスルフィドと有機アミド溶媒とを含有する原料混合物を水含有溶媒と混合して分散液を得、有機アミド溶媒を水含有溶媒中に溶解させて、ポリアリーレンスルフィドを洗浄する洗浄工程;
(b)洗浄工程における分散液を固液分離し、分離液を得る分離工程;
(c)分離工程で得た分離液の加熱により、該分離液を、有機アミド溶媒の含有量がより少ない水含有溶媒からなる留出蒸気と有機アミド溶媒の含有量がより多い水含有溶媒からなる回収液とに分離する蒸留工程;
を含み、
蒸留工程における加熱は、該留出蒸気の圧縮による温度上昇及び/又は該留出蒸気と熱交換された熱媒体の圧縮による温度上昇を利用して行い、
該留出蒸気の凝結物からなる留出液を、洗浄工程における水含有溶媒として用いる方法。 - 前記原料混合物は、
ポリアリーレンスルフィド又はポリアリーレンスルフィド含有混合物を、有機アミド溶媒を含有する洗浄液と混合して分散液を得て、ポリアリーレンスルフィドを洗浄する予備洗浄工程;
予備洗浄工程における分散液を固液分離し、ポリアリーレンスルフィド含有混合物と分離液とに分離する予備分離工程;
を経て得られる請求項7に記載の方法。 - 前記回収液の少なくとも一部を、前記洗浄液として用いる請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記原料混合物は、有機アミド溶媒中で、アルカリ金属硫化物及びアルカリ金属水硫化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の硫黄源とジハロ芳香族化合物とを重合反応させて、ポリアリーレンスルフィドを含有する反応液を得る重合工程を経て得られる請求項1、2又は7に記載の方法。
- 予備洗浄工程における前記ポリアリーレンスルフィド含有混合物は、有機アミド溶媒中で、アルカリ金属硫化物及びアルカリ金属水硫化物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の硫黄源とジハロ芳香族化合物とを重合反応させて、ポリアリーレンスルフィドを含有する反応液を得る重合工程を経て得られる請求項3乃至6、8、及び9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記有機アミド溶媒の沸点と水の沸点との差が50℃以上である請求項1乃至11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1乃至12のいずれか1項に記載の方法により製造されるポリアリーレンスルフィド。
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WO2020261695A1 (ja) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-30 | 株式会社クレハ | ポリアリーレンスルフィドの製造方法 |
KR20210017411A (ko) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-02-17 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 폴리페닐렌 설파이드 제조 방법 및 제조 장치 |
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WO2023038889A1 (en) | 2021-09-08 | 2023-03-16 | Ticona Llc | Extraction technique for recovering an organic solvent from a polyarylene sulfide waste sludge |
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