WO2016183984A1 - 一种由酸溶性钛渣制备金红石的方法 - Google Patents
一种由酸溶性钛渣制备金红石的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016183984A1 WO2016183984A1 PCT/CN2015/089846 CN2015089846W WO2016183984A1 WO 2016183984 A1 WO2016183984 A1 WO 2016183984A1 CN 2015089846 W CN2015089846 W CN 2015089846W WO 2016183984 A1 WO2016183984 A1 WO 2016183984A1
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- acid
- titanium slag
- soluble titanium
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- additive
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-8-nitroquinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC(OC)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C21 MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;hydrofluoride Chemical compound [NH4+].F LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OP([O-])([O-])=O ZPWVASYFFYYZEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000396 dipotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019797 dipotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical group [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 28
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000002036 drum drying Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003077 Ti−O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCKYPQBAHLOOJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane-1,2-diaminetetraacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)C1CCCCC1N(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O FCKYPQBAHLOOJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001479 atomic absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052861 titanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1236—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching
- C22B34/124—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors
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- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- C01G23/005—Alkali titanates
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- C22B34/124—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors
- C22B34/125—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching using acidic solutions or liquors containing a sulfur ion as active agent
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- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1236—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching
- C22B34/1259—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by wet processes, e.g. by leaching treatment or purification of titanium containing solutions or liquors or slurries
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- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of inorganic crystals. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of preparing artificial rutile.
- the production process of titanium dioxide is usually divided into a sulfuric acid method and a chlorine method. Due to the advanced nature of the chlorination process, especially its environmental protection and product quality are incomparable to the sulfuric acid process titanium dioxide, the chlorination process has been greatly developed on a global scale. However, the TiO 2 grade of the raw material required by the chlorination method is above 90%, and the CaO+MgO content is less than 1.5%, while the titanium-rich material prepared by the conventional electric furnace smelting ilmenite contains TiO 2 generally between 60% and 75%. The grade cannot meet the requirements of chlorination titanium dioxide and titanium sponge.
- CN 200310110821 discloses a method for improving the grade of titanium slag TiO 2 , which adopts titanium slag produced in Panxi area, and obtains artificial rutile with TiO 2 content of 89.8% through fluidized roasting, gas reduction and high pressure acid leaching. The process fluidization and high pressure equipment are required to be higher, and the obtained artificial rutile grade is lower.
- CN 100455683C discloses a method for preparing a titanium-rich material by using an electric furnace titanium slag. The method uses a titanium slag in Yunnan as a raw material, and proposes an acid-base combined leaching method to obtain a titanium-rich material with TiO 2 >90%. High-pressure equipment, high investment costs, also improve the technical operation difficulty, and the quality of the titanium-rich material obtained is low.
- the present invention has been achieved by the following technical solutions.
- the present invention relates to a process for preparing artificial rutile from acid soluble titanium slag.
- the modified acid-soluble titanium slag obtained in the step B is ground to -160 mesh to be 80% by weight or more, and then the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is added to obtain an acid-soluble titanium residue containing the additive;
- the additive-containing acid-soluble titanium slag obtained in the step C is uniformly mixed with a sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 15 to 30% by weight in a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4 to 6, and then subjected to acid removal at a boiling temperature of 90. ⁇ 120 min; followed by filtration, washing and drying, and calcination at a temperature of 900 ° C to 1000 ° C to obtain the rutile.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag in the step A, has a TiO 2 content of 72.0% by weight or more, Al 2 O 3 of 2.2% or less, and SiO 2 of 9.6% or less, MgO. It is a titanium slag of 1.5% or less and CaO of 0.5% or less.
- step B the sodium carbonate modifier is replaced with sodium hydroxide or phosphate.
- the phosphate is sodium monohydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium monohydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or ammonium phosphate.
- the amount of the modifier is from 25% to 35% by weight of the acid-soluble titanium slag powder.
- the frequency of the microwave device is 2350 to 2250 MHz.
- step B the frequency of the microwave device It is 912 ⁇ 918MHz.
- the microwave irradiation treatment time is from 1.5 h to 2.5 h.
- the amount of the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is from 20% to 40% of the total weight of the modified acid-soluble titanium slag.
- step C the calcination is carried out in a microwave reactor at a frequency of 912 to 9180 MHz for 28 to 32 minutes. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step C, the calcination is carried out in a microwave reactor at a frequency of 912 to 918 MHz for 1 to 3 hours.
- the rutile has a purity of 91% or more by weight.
- the beneficial effects of the invention are that the artificial rutile obtained by the method of the invention completely meets the requirements for the production of titanium white by the chlorination method, and the raw material has wide adaptability compared with the prior art. Due to the selection of microwave heating as the heating method, the equipment investment required by the invention is 17% less than the prior art, the energy consumption is 25% lower, the purity of the artificial rutile is more than 91%, the by-products are less, the environmental pollution is small, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are met. With the requirements of clean metallurgy.
- Figure 1 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of rutile prepared by the method of the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a process for preparing artificial rutile from acid soluble titanium slag.
- the invention adopts microwave to irradiate the acid-soluble titanium slag to which the modifier is added by microwave irradiation.
- the microwave irradiation treatment can cause obvious intergranular cracks inside the acid-soluble titanium slag, and these cracks facilitate the leaching agent to enter the acid-soluble titanium slag, making it easier to leaching.
- the additive has a strong destructive effect on the silicate minerals, improves the efficiency of impurity elution, and thereby improves the purity of the artificial rutile.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag was ground to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more using a grinding apparatus to obtain an acid-soluble titanium slag powder.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag used in the present invention is a by-product obtained by melting ilmenite in an electric furnace.
- the acid soluble titanium slag used in the present invention generally has the following chemical composition: by weight
- TiO 2 is determined by the aluminum reduction method according to the GB/T1706-2006 standard.
- Al 2 O 3 is determined by EDTA complex fluoride salt titration according to the GB15892-2009 standard.
- SiO 2 is determined by the perchloric acid dehydration weight method of the root YB/T190.1-2001 standard.
- MgO is determined by CyDTA titration according to the YB/T 190.4-2001 standard.
- CaO is determined by atomic absorption spectrometry according to the YSBC19811-2000 standard.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag used is, for example, acid-soluble obtained by Yunnan Xingling Mining Co., Ltd., Yunnan Xinli Nonferrous Metal Co., Ltd., Yuntong Group Titanium Industry Co., Ltd. or Pangang Group Titanium Industry Co., Ltd. Titanium slag.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag may also be a commercially available product, but their chemical composition should satisfy the above requirements.
- the modification treatment is understood to be a treatment for changing the phase composition of the acid-soluble titanium slag.
- the modifier is understood to be a chemical substance having the ability to destroy the structure of a solid solution. Therefore, any other chemical substance having such a property and having no adverse effect on its subsequent treatment can be used in the present invention and is also within the scope of the present invention.
- the process of the invention may also employ sodium hydroxide or phosphate.
- the phosphate is sodium monohydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium monohydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or ammonium phosphate.
- the amount of the modifier is less than 20%, the reaction is incomplete, and some acid-soluble titanium slag remains unreacted; if the amount of the modifier is higher than 40%, there is a portion The modifier is unreacted and consumes too much modifier; therefore, it is reasonable that the amount of the modifier is from 20% to 40%, preferably from 25% to 35%; more preferably from 28% to 32% %.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag and the modifier need to be modified at a temperature of 750 ° C to 850 ° C for 1.5 h to 2.5 h.
- the reaction temperature of the acid-soluble titanium slag and the modifier is lower than 750 ° C, the reaction is insufficient and the degree of deepening is insufficient; if the temperature of the modification treatment is higher than 850 ° C, sintering phenomenon occurs;
- the temperature of the modification treatment is 750 ° C to 850 ° C, and is preferably 780 ° C to 820 ° C.
- the time of such modification treatment is suitably from 1.5 h to 2.5 h, preferably from 1.7 h to 2.3 h, more preferably from 1.9 h to 2.1 h.
- a modified acid-soluble titanium slag is prepared and determined by the method described above. Its basic chemical composition is a series of non-stoichiometric Na-Fe-Ti-O solid solution and Na-Mg-Ti-O. Solid solution.
- the apparatus used in the modification treatment of the present invention is a microwave device which is a product currently on the market, such as a product sold by Kunming University of Science and Technology under the trade name Microwave Box Reactor (HM type).
- HM type Microwave Box Reactor
- the frequency of the microwave device used in the present invention is 912 to 918 MHz, and the microwave reactor power should be selected according to the amount of the treated material.
- the modified acid-soluble titanium slag obtained in the step B is ground to -160 mesh to be 80% by weight or more, and then the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is added to obtain an acid-soluble titanium residue containing the additive;
- the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is added for the purpose of destroying the silicate mineral structure.
- the amount of the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is from 20% to 40% by weight based on the total weight of the modified acid-soluble titanium slag. If the amount of the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is less than 20%, the reaction is incomplete, and some of the acid-soluble titanium slag is still unreacted; if the amount of the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is more than 40%, some of the modifier is unreacted, and excessive consumption is changed.
- the agent therefore, it is appropriate that the amount of the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is 20% to 40%. It is preferably from 24% to 36%, more preferably from 28% to 32%.
- the additive-containing acid-soluble titanium slag obtained in the step C is uniformly mixed with a sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 15 to 30% by weight in a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4 to 6, and then subjected to acid removal at a boiling temperature of 90. ⁇ 120 min; followed by filtration, washing and drying, and calcination at a temperature of 900 ° C to 1000 ° C to obtain the rutile. It should be noted here that the solid-liquid ratio of the acid-soluble titanium slag containing the additive to the aqueous solution of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid is calculated by weight ratio.
- This step removes impurities in the modified acid-soluble titanium slag using a sulfuric acid or aqueous hydrochloric acid solution.
- the impurities to be removed are, for example, impurities such as Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, and Al 2 O 3 .
- the concentration of the aqueous solution of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid exceeds this range, the effect of leaching impurities in the modified acid-soluble titanium slag is not good, and is preferably 18 to 27%, more preferably 21 to 24%.
- the solid-liquid ratio of the modified acid-soluble titanium slag to the inorganic acid aqueous solution is higher than 1:4, the leaching acid is quickly saturated, and the leaching cannot be continued; if the acid-soluble titanium slag and the inorganic acid aqueous solution are modified When the solid-liquid ratio is lower than 1:6, the volume of the reaction vessel is increased, and it is difficult to handle. Therefore, it is feasible that the solid-liquid ratio of the modified acid-soluble titanium slag to the inorganic acid aqueous solution is 1:4 to 6, preferably 1 : 4.5 to 5.5, more preferably 1:4.8 to 5.2.
- the equipment used for the acid removal is, for example, a constant temperature water bath, and a constant temperature water bath sold by Gongyi Yuhua Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name of a constant temperature heating magnetic stirrer (DF-101S).
- DF-101S constant temperature heating magnetic stirrer
- the equipment used for the filtration is a product currently on the market, such as a product sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D (III)).
- the equipment used for washing is a product currently on the market, such as a product sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D (III)).
- the detergent used is usually water or other suitable solvent.
- a conventional small amount of multiple washing methods is employed, and the pH of the acid leaching residue filtrate is maintained at a level of 6.5 to 7.5.
- the drying equipment used in the present invention is a product currently on the market, such as a product sold by Shanghai Boxun Industrial Equipment Co., Ltd. under the trade name Digital Drum Drying Box (DZX-9030MBE).
- DZX-9030MBE Digital Drum Drying Box
- the calcination temperature is lower than 900 ° C, some of the anatase TiO 2 does not undergo crystal transformation; if the calcination temperature is higher than 1000 ° C, sintering occurs; therefore, the calcination temperature is 900 ° C ⁇ 1000 ° C is suitable, preferably from 930 ° C to 960 ° C. Calcined at a temperature of 900 ° C to 1000 ° C for 1.0 to 3.0 h.
- the calcining apparatus used in the present invention is a product currently on the market, such as a product sold by Kunming University of Science and Technology under the trade name Microwave Box Reactor (HM type).
- HM type Microwave Box Reactor
- the product obtained in this calcination step was subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis by X-ray diffraction structure.
- the equipment used for X-ray diffraction analysis was an X-ray diffraction analyzer (D/Max 2200 X) from Rigaku, Japan.
- the analysis conditions were tube pressure 35 kV, tube flow 20 mA, graphite monochromator filtering, ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ stepping.
- the scanning method was carried out at a scanning speed of 3°/min in the range of 3 to 100°.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Yunnan Xingling Mining Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in the present specification, and its chemical composition was 72.0% by weight of TiO 2 , 9.5% of SiO 2 , 1.5% of MgO and 0.5% of CaO;
- the acid-soluble titanium slag is ground to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more to obtain an acid-soluble titanium slag by the grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototypes and the product name sealed sample pulverizer (JG100-3). Powder, then
- the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is added to the modified titanium slag obtained in the step B to obtain an acid-soluble titanium slag containing the additive, which is determined by the method described in the present specification.
- its basic chemical composition is Na 2 Fe 2 Ti 6 O 16 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , NH 4 HF 2 , followed by
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the sulfuric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 18% by weight are solid.
- the liquid ratio is 1:4.8, and the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then acid-depleted at a boiling temperature for 90 minutes; then, the filtration is sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D(III)).
- SHZ-D(III) circulating water vacuum pump
- DZX-9030MBE Digital Drum Drying Box
- the obtained product was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that the product was artificial rutile having a purity of 92.0% of TiO 2 , wherein the content of CaO was by weight.
- the content of MgO was 0.26%, and the content of MgO was 0.88% by weight.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Yuntong Group Titanium Industry Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in the present specification, and its chemical composition was 72.6% by weight of TiO 2 , 9.4 % of SiO 2 , 1.2% of MgO and 0.3% of CaO; Grinding acid-soluble titanium slag to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more to obtain an acid-soluble titanium using a grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototyping and Testing Machine under the trade name Sealed Sample Grinder (JG100-3) Slag powder, then
- Adding a sodium hydroxide modifier to the acid-soluble titanium slag powder obtained in the step A, the amount of which is 20% of the weight of the acid-soluble titanium slag, and then mixing, and then in the microwave box reaction by the Kunming University of Science and Technology Microwave irradiation treatment was carried out in a microwave device sold by HM type (HM type) at a frequency of 915 MHz and a temperature of 750 ° C for 1.5 h to obtain a modified titanium slag, which was determined by the method described in the specification, and its basic chemistry.
- the composition is Na 2 TiO 3 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , followed by
- the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is added to the modified titanium slag obtained in the step B to obtain an acid-soluble titanium slag containing the additive, which is determined by the method described in the present specification.
- its basic chemical composition is Na 2 TiO 3 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , NH 4 HF 2 , followed by
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the sulfuric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 27% by weight are solid.
- the liquid ratio is 1:5.2, and the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then acid-depleted at boiling temperature for 100 min; then, the filtration is sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D (III)).
- SHZ-D (III) circulating water vacuum pump
- DZX-9030MBE Digital Drum Drying Box
- the obtained product was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that the product was artificial rutile having a purity of 92.2% of TiO 2 , wherein the content of CaO was by weight.
- the content of MgO was 0.23%, and the content of MgO was 0.86% by weight.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Yunnan Xinli Nonferrous Metal Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in the present specification, and its chemical composition was TiO 2 72.0% by weight, SiO 2 9.0%, MgO 0.98% and CaO 0.45%; Grinding acid-soluble titanium slag to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more to obtain an acid-soluble titanium using a grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototyping and Testing Machine under the trade name Sealed Sample Grinder (JG100-3) Slag powder, then
- the microwave device irradiated by the reactor (HM type) was subjected to microwave irradiation treatment at a frequency of 918 MHz and a temperature of 780 ° C for 2.5 h to obtain a modified titanium slag, which was determined by the method described in the present specification, and its basic
- the chemical composition is rutile TiO 2 , Na 3 PO 4 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , followed by
- the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is added to the modified titanium slag obtained in the step B to obtain an acid-soluble titanium slag containing the additive, which is determined by the method described in the present specification.
- its basic chemical composition is rutile TiO 2 , Na 3 PO 4 , Fe 2 TiO 5 , NH 4 HF 2 , followed by
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 15% by weight According to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:4.0, the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then acid-depleted for 120 min at boiling temperature; and then sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name of circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D (III)).
- SHZ-D (III) circulating water vacuum pump
- DZX-9030MBE digital blast drying oven
- the product was dried for 0.8 h, and then calcined at a temperature of 1000 ° C for 3.0 h.
- the obtained product was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that the product was artificial rutile having a purity of 91.8% of TiO 2 , wherein the content of CaO was The content of MgO was 0.26% by weight, and the content of MgO was 0.86% by weight. .
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Pangang Group Titanium Industry Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in this manual. Its chemical composition is 72.8% by weight of TiO 2 , 9.0 % by SiO 2 , 0.86% by MgO and 0.4% by CaO.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag is ground to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more by using a grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototype Mill under the trade name Sealed Sample Grinder (JG100-3) to obtain an acid solubility. Titanium slag powder, then
- a potassium monohydrogen phosphate modifier to the acid-soluble titanium slag powder obtained in the step A, the amount of which is 40% by weight of the acid-soluble titanium slag, and then mixing, and then in the name of the microwave oven by Kunming University of Science and Technology
- the microwave device irradiated by the reactor (HM type) was subjected to microwave irradiation treatment at a frequency of 912 MHz and a temperature of 850 ° C for 1.7 h to obtain a modified titanium slag, which was determined by the method described in the present specification, and its basic
- the chemical composition is rutile TiO 2 , K 3 PO 4 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , followed by
- Adding ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive to the modified titanium slag obtained in step B according to the total amount of the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is 40%, and obtaining the acid-soluble titanium slag containing the additive, which is determined by the method described in the present specification.
- its basic chemical composition is rutile TiO 2 , K 3 PO 4 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , NH 4 HF 2 , followed by
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 30% by weight are solid.
- the liquid ratio is 1:6.0, and the mixture is uniformly mixed at a boiling temperature for 110 min; then the filtration is sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name of circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D (III)).
- SHZ-D (III) circulating water vacuum pump
- DZX-9030MBE Digital Drum Drying Box
- the obtained product was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that the product was artificial rutile having a purity of 93.0% of TiO 2 , wherein the content of CaO was by weight.
- the content of MgO was 0.22%, and the content of MgO was 0.82% by weight. .
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Pangang Group Titanium Industry Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in this manual. Its chemical composition is 72.8% by weight of TiO 2 , 8.2 % by SiO 2 , 0.89% by MgO and 0.2% by CaO.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag is ground to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more by using a grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototype Mill under the trade name Sealed Sample Grinder (JG100-3) to obtain an acid solubility. Titanium slag powder, then
- Adding ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive to the modified titanium slag obtained in step B according to the total amount of the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is 40%, and obtaining the acid-soluble titanium slag containing the additive, which is determined by the method described in the present specification.
- its basic chemical composition is rutile TiO 2 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , NH 4 HF 2 , followed by
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 21% by weight are solid.
- the liquid ratio is 1:4.5, and the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then acid-depleted for 105 min at boiling temperature; then, the filtration is sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name of circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D (III)).
- SHZ-D (III) circulating water vacuum pump
- DZX-9030MBE Digital Drum Drying Box
- the obtained product was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that the product was artificial rutile having a purity of 92.3% of TiO 2 , wherein the content of CaO was by weight.
- the content of MgO was 0.26%, and the content of MgO was 0.86% by weight.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Yuntong Group Titanium Industry Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in the present specification, and its chemical composition was TiO 2 72.0% by weight, SiO 2 9.0%, MgO 1.3% and CaO 0.3%; Grinding acid-soluble titanium slag to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more to obtain an acid-soluble titanium using a grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototyping and Testing Machine under the trade name Sealed Sample Grinder (JG100-3) Slag powder, then
- a sodium carbonate modifier to the acid-soluble titanium slag powder obtained in the step A, the amount of which is 32% by weight of the acid-soluble titanium slag, and then mixing, and then in the name of the microwave box reactor by Kunming University of Science and Technology
- the microwave device was sold in a microwave device (HM type) at a frequency of 918 MHz and a temperature of 800 ° C for 2.1 h to obtain a modified titanium slag, which was determined by the method described in the specification, and its basic chemical composition was obtained.
- HM type microwave device
- the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is added to the modified titanium slag obtained in the step B to obtain an acid-soluble titanium slag containing the additive, which is determined by the method described in the present specification.
- its basic chemical composition is Na 2 Fe 2 Ti 6 O 16 , Na 0.36 Fe 0.69 Ti 3.34 O 8 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , NH 4 HF 2 , followed by
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the concentration of 24% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by weight are in accordance with the solid solution.
- the ratio is 1:5.5, and the mixture is homogenized for 115 min at the boiling temperature; then the filtration equipment sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D(III)) is used. Filtration, and then washing 4 times with liquid to solid ratio of 4:1, followed by drying using a drying equipment sold by Shanghai Boxun Industrial Equipment Co., Ltd.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Yunnan Xingling Mining Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in the present specification, and its chemical composition was 72.0% by weight of TiO 2 , 9.5% of SiO 2 , 1.5% of MgO and 0.5% of CaO;
- the acid-soluble titanium slag is ground to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more to obtain an acid-soluble titanium slag by the grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototypes and the product name sealed sample pulverizer (JG100-3). Powder, then
- a sodium carbonate modifier is added in an amount of 35% by weight of the acid-soluble titanium slag, mixed, and then microwaved in an electric resistance furnace at a temperature of 800 ° C. Irradiation treatment for 2.3 h, a modified titanium slag was obtained, which was determined by the method described in the specification, and its basic chemical composition was Na 2 Fe 2 Ti 6 O 16 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , followed by
- the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is added to the modified titanium slag obtained in the step B to obtain an acid-soluble titanium slag containing the additive, which is determined by the method described in the present specification.
- its basic chemical composition is Na 2 Fe 2 Ti 6 O 16 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , NH 4 HF 2 , followed by
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the sulfuric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 18% by weight are solid.
- the liquid ratio is 1:4.8, and the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then acid-depleted at a boiling temperature for 90 minutes; then, the filtration is sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D(III)).
- SHZ-D(III) circulating water vacuum pump
- DZX-9030MBE Digital Drum Drying Box
- the obtained product was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that the product was artificial rutile having a purity of 82.29% of TiO 2 , wherein the content of CaO was by weight.
- the content of MgO was 0.36%, and the content of MgO was 0.96% by weight.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Yunnan Xinli Nonferrous Metal Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in the present specification, and its chemical composition was 72.6% by weight of TiO 2 , 9.4% of SiO 2 , 1.2% of MgO and 0.3% of CaO; Grinding acid-soluble titanium slag to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more to obtain an acid-soluble titanium using a grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototyping and Testing Machine under the trade name Sealed Sample Grinder (JG100-3) Slag powder, then
- the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is added to the modified titanium slag obtained in the step B to obtain an acid-soluble titanium slag containing the additive, which is determined by the method described in the present specification.
- its basic chemical composition is Na 2 TiO 3 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , NH 4 HF 2 , followed by
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the sulfuric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 27% by weight are solid.
- the liquid ratio is 1:5.2, and the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then acid-depleted at boiling temperature for 100 min; then, the filtration is sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D (III)).
- SHZ-D (III) circulating water vacuum pump
- DZX-9030MBE Digital Drum Drying Box
- the obtained product was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that the product was artificial rutile having a purity of 89.62% of TiO 2 , wherein the content of CaO was by weight.
- the content of MgO was 0.28%, and the content of MgO was 0.98% by weight.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Yuntong Group Titanium Industry Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in the present specification, and its chemical composition was TiO 2 72.0% by weight, SiO 2 9.0%, MgO 0.98% and CaO 0.45%; Grinding acid-soluble titanium slag to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more to obtain an acid-soluble titanium using a grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototyping and Testing Machine under the trade name Sealed Sample Grinder (JG100-3) Slag powder, then
- a modified titanium slag was obtained, which was determined by the method described in the specification, and its basic chemical composition was rutile type TiO 2 , Na 3 PO 4 , Fe 2 TiO 5 , and then
- the ammonium hydrogen fluoride additive is added to the modified titanium slag obtained in the step B to obtain an acid-soluble titanium slag containing the additive, which is determined by the method described in the present specification.
- its basic chemical composition is rutile TiO 2 , Na 3 PO 4 , Fe 2 TiO 5 , NH 4 HF 2 , followed by
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 15% by weight According to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:4.0, the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then acid-depleted for 120 min at boiling temperature; and then sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name of circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D (III)).
- SHZ-D (III) circulating water vacuum pump
- DZX-9030MBE digital blast drying oven
- the condition was dried for 0.8 h, and then calcined at a temperature of 1000 ° C for 3.0 h.
- the obtained product was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that the product was artificial rutile having a purity of 81.47% of TiO 2 , wherein the content of CaO was The content of MgO was 0.31% by weight, and the content of MgO was 0.91% by weight.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Yunnan Xinli Nonferrous Metal Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in the present specification, and its chemical composition was 72.8% by weight of TiO 2 , 9.0 % by SiO 2 , 0.86% by MgO and 0.4% by CaO; Grinding acid-soluble titanium slag to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more to obtain an acid-soluble titanium using a grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototyping and Testing Machine under the trade name Sealed Sample Grinder (JG100-3) Slag powder, then
- Its basic chemical composition is rutile TiO 2 , K 3 PO 4 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , followed by
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 30% by weight are solid.
- the liquid ratio is 1:6.0, and the mixture is uniformly mixed at a boiling temperature for 110 min; then the filtration is sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name of circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D (III)).
- SHZ-D (III) circulating water vacuum pump
- DZX-9030MBE Digital Drum Drying Box
- the obtained product was subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm that the product was artificial rutile having a purity of 78.0% of TiO 2 , wherein the content of CaO was by weight.
- the content of MgO was 0.35%, and the content of MgO was 0.93% by weight. .
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Pangang Group Titanium Industry Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in this manual. Its chemical composition is 72.8% by weight of TiO 2 , 8.2 % by SiO 2 , 0.89% by MgO and 0.2% by CaO.
- the acid-soluble titanium slag is ground to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more by using a grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototype Mill under the trade name Sealed Sample Grinder (JG100-3) to obtain an acid solubility. Titanium slag powder, then
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 21% by weight are solid.
- the liquid ratio is 1:4.5, and the mixture is uniformly mixed, and then acid-depleted for 105 min at boiling temperature; then, the filtration is sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name of circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D (III)).
- SHZ-D (III) circulating water vacuum pump
- the acid-soluble titanium slag obtained by Yunnan Xinli Nonferrous Metal Co., Ltd. was analyzed by the method described in the present specification, and its chemical composition was TiO 2 72.0% by weight, SiO 2 9.0%, MgO 1.3% and CaO 0.3% by weight; Grinding acid-soluble titanium slag to -100 mesh to 80% by weight or more to obtain an acid-soluble titanium using a grinding equipment sold by the Nanchang General Laboratory for Prototyping and Testing Machine under the trade name Sealed Sample Grinder (JG100-3) Slag powder, then
- a sodium carbonate modifier to the acid-soluble titanium slag powder obtained in the step A, the amount of which is 32% by weight of the acid-soluble titanium slag, mixing, and then performing microwave irradiation in an electric resistance furnace at a temperature of 800 ° C. Irradiation treatment for 2.1h, a modified titanium slag was obtained, which was determined by the method described in this specification. Its basic chemical composition is Na 2 Fe 2 Ti 6 O 16 , Na 0.36 Fe 0.69 Ti 3.34 O 8 , Fe 2 Ti 2 O 5 , then
- the additive-containing titanium slag obtained in step C and the concentration of 24% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution by weight are in accordance with the solid solution.
- the ratio is 1:5.5, and the mixture is homogenized for 115 min at the boiling temperature; then the filtration equipment sold by METTLER TOLEDO Instrument Co., Ltd. under the trade name circulating water vacuum pump (SHZ-D(III)) is used. Filtration, and then washing 4 times with liquid to solid ratio of 4:1, followed by drying using a drying equipment sold by Shanghai Boxun Industrial Equipment Co., Ltd.
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Abstract
提供一种由酸溶性钛渣制备金红石的方法，包括：酸溶性钛渣粉碎；添加碳酸钠改性剂，在微波装置中进行微波辐照处理；添加氟化氢铵添加剂；酸性除杂后，煅烧得到金红石。由于利用微波方式加热，该方法所需设备投资少，能耗低。人造金红石纯度在91%以上，副产物较少，环境污染小。
Description
本发明属于无机晶体的制备技术领域。更具体地，本发明涉及一种人造金红石的制备方法。
钛白粉的生产工艺通常分为硫酸法和氯化法。由于氯化法的先进性，尤其是其环保和产品质量是硫酸法钛白难以比拟的，因此氯化法在全球范围内得到了极大的发展。但是氯化法要求的入炉原料TiO2品位在90％以上，CaO+MgO含量小于1.5％，而传统电炉熔炼钛铁矿制备出来的富钛料含TiO2一般在60％～75％之间，其品位不能达到氯化法钛白粉及海绵钛的入炉要求。
国内外研究表明，通过向酸溶性钛渣添加改性剂，可以加强钛渣酸浸过程，有效提高钛渣品位。目前国内外研究认为，钛渣中主要杂质元素以固溶体的形式分布在黑钛石中，或以硅酸盐形式存在，而黑钛石又与硅酸盐呈镶嵌分布，导致常规酸浸或加压酸浸不能有效提高钛渣品位。
CN 200310110821公开了一种提高钛渣TiO2品位的方法，该发明采用攀西地区生产的钛渣，经流态化焙烧、煤气还原与高压酸浸，得到TiO2含量为89.8％的人造金红石，该工艺流态化与高压设备要求较高，得到的人造金红石品位较低。CN 100455683C公开了一种用电炉钛渣制取富钛料的方法，该方法以云南某地钛渣为原料，提出酸碱联合浸出法，得到TiO2>90％的富钛料，该工艺采用高压设备，投资成本较高，也提高了技术操作难度，且得到的富钛料质量较低。
为了解决现有技术存在的技术缺陷，本发明人在总结现有技术的基础上，通过大量实验研究与分析，终于完成了本发明。
发明内容
【技术问题】
本发明的目的是提供一种人造金红石的制备方法。
【技术方案】
本发明是通过下述技术方案实现的。
本发明涉及一种由酸溶性钛渣制备人造金红石的方法。
该制备方法的步骤如下：
A、粉碎
使用研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加碳酸钠改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣粉重量的20％～40％，混匀，然后在微波装置中在温度750℃～850℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理，得到一种改性酸溶性钛渣，接着
C、添加添加剂
将步骤B得到的改性酸溶性钛渣磨碎至-160目为以重量计80％以上，然后添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣；
D、酸性除杂与煅烧
将步骤C得到的含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣与浓度为以重量计15～30％的硫酸或盐酸水溶液按照固液比为1:4～6混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂90～120min；接着进行过滤、洗涤与干燥，再在温度900℃～1000℃的条件下煅烧，得到所述的金红石。
根据本发明的一种优选实施方式，在步骤A中，所述酸溶性钛渣是以重量计TiO2含量为72.0％以上、Al2O3为2.2％以下、SiO2为9.6％以下、MgO为1.5％以下与CaO为0.5％以下的钛渣。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，在步骤B中，所述碳酸钠改性剂用氢氧化钠或磷酸盐代替。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，所述磷酸盐是磷酸一氢钠、磷酸二氢钠、磷酸一氢钾、磷酸二氢钾或磷酸铵。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，在步骤B中，所述改性剂的量是所述酸溶性钛渣粉重量的25％～35％。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，在步骤B中，所述微波装置的频率为2350～2250MHz。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，在步骤B中，所述微波装置的频率
为912～918MHz。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，在步骤B中，所述微波辐照处理的时间是1.5h～2.5h。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，在步骤C中，所述氟化氢铵添加剂的量是所述改性酸溶性钛渣总重量的20％～40％。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，在步骤C中，所述的煅烧是在微波反应器中在频率912～9180MHz的条件下处理28～32min。根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，在步骤C中，所述的煅烧是在微波反应器中在频率912～918MHz的条件下处理1h～3h。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，所述金红石的纯度是以重量计91％以上。
【技术效果】
本发明的有益效果是：与现有技术相比，采用本发明方法所得到人造金红石完全符合氯化法生产钛白的要求，原料具有广泛的适应性。由于选用微波加热作为加热方式，本发明所需要的设备投资比现有技术少17％、能耗低25％、人造金红石纯度在91％以上，副产物较少，环境污染小，符合节能减排与清洁冶金的要求。
图1是采用本发明方法制备的金红石的X-射线衍射图。
下面将更详细地描述本发明。
本发明涉及一种由酸溶性钛渣制备人造金红石的方法。
本发明采用微波对添加改性剂的酸溶性钛渣进行微波辐照处理。其一，微波辐照处理可使酸溶性钛渣内部产生明显的晶粒间裂纹，而这些裂纹便于浸出剂进入酸溶性钛渣，使其更易于浸出。其二，所述添加剂对硅酸盐矿物具有强烈的破坏作用，提高了杂质溶出的效率，从而提高了人造金红石的纯度。
该制备方法的步骤如下：
A、粉碎
使用研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉。
本发明使用的酸溶性钛渣是在电炉熔炼钛铁矿时所得到的副产物。本发明使用的酸溶性钛渣一般具有下述化学组成：以重量计
其中TiO2是根据GB/T1706-2006标准采用铝还原法测定的。Al2O3是根据GB15892-2009标准采用EDTA络合氟盐滴定法测定的。SiO2是根YB/T190.1-2001标准采用高氯酸脱水重量法测定的。MgO是根据YB/T 190.4-2001标准采用CyDTA滴定法测定的。CaO是根据YSBC19811-2000标准采用原子吸收光谱法测定的。
使用现有的磨碎设备与筛分设备进行研磨与筛分，例如由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的磨碎设备，由浙江上虞市道墟五四仪器厂以商品名标准筛销售的筛分设备。
在本发明中，所使用的酸溶性钛渣例如是由云南兴棱矿业有限公司、云南新立有色金属有限公司、云铜集团钛业有限公司或攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司获得的酸溶性钛渣。所述的酸溶性钛渣也可以是从市场上获得的商品，但它们的化学组成应该满足上述要求。
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加碳酸钠改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的20％～40％，混匀，然后在微波装置中在温度750℃～850℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理，得到一种改性酸溶性钛渣。
在本发明中，所述的改性处理应该理解是一种改变酸溶性钛渣物相组成的处理。
在本发明中，所述的改性剂应该理解是一种具有破坏固溶体结构能力的化学物质。因此，凡是具有这种性质，并且对其后续处理没有任何不良影响的其它化学物质都可以用于本发明，也在本发明的保护范围之内。
除碳酸钠改性剂外，本发明的方法还可以使用氢氧化钠或磷酸盐。
所述磷酸盐是磷酸一氢钠、磷酸二氢钠、磷酸一氢钾、磷酸二氢钾或磷酸铵。
在本发明中，如果所述改性剂的量小于20％，则会反应不完全，仍有部分酸溶性钛渣未反应；如果所述改性剂的量高于40％，则会有部分改性剂未反应，消耗过多的改性剂；因此，所述改性剂的量为20％～40％是合理的，优选地是25％～35％；更优选地是28％～32％。
所述的酸溶性钛渣与改性剂需在温度750℃～850℃的条件下进行改性处理1.5h～2.5h。
所述酸溶性钛渣与改性剂的改性处理温度低于750℃，则会反应不充分，深化程度不够；如果这种改性处理的温度高于850℃，则会出现烧结现象；于是这种改性处理的温度为750℃～850℃是合理的，优选地是780℃～820℃。
同样地，如果这种改性处理(微波辐照处理)的时间小于1.5h，则会反应不完全；如果这种改性处理的时间长于2.5h，则会产生过多而且不必要的能耗；因此，这种改性处理的时间为1.5h～2.5h是恰当的，优选地是1.7h～2.3h，更优选地是1.9h～2.1h。
这个步骤制备得到一种改性酸溶性钛渣，采用前面描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是一系列非化学计量的Na-Fe-Ti-O系固溶体和Na-Mg-Ti-O系固溶体。
本发明改性处理所使用的设备是一种微波装置，它是目前市场上销售的产品，例如由昆明理工大学以商品名微波箱式反应器(HM型)销售的产品。
本发明使用的微波装置的频率为912～918MHz，其微波反应器功率应根据处理物料的量进行选择。
C、添加添加剂
将步骤B得到的改性酸溶性钛渣磨碎至-160目为以重量计80％以上，然后添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣；
在这个步骤中，添加氟化氢铵添加剂的目的在于破坏硅酸盐矿物结构。
在这个步骤中，所述氟化氢铵添加剂的量是所述改性酸溶性钛渣总重量的20％～40％。如果氟化氢铵添加剂的量小于20％，则反应不完全，仍有部分酸溶性钛渣未反应；如果氟化氢铵添加剂的量高于40％，则有部分改性剂未反应，消耗过多的改性剂；因此，氟化氢铵添加剂的量为20％～40％是恰当的。优选地是24％～36％，更优选地是28％～32％。
D、酸性除杂
将步骤C得到的含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣与浓度为以重量计15～30％的硫酸或盐酸水溶液按照固液比为1:4～6混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂90～120min；接着进行过滤、洗涤与干燥，再在温度900℃～1000℃的条件下煅烧，得到所述的金红石。这里需要说明的是，含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣与硫酸或盐酸水溶液的固液比按照重量比计算。
这个步骤使用硫酸或盐酸水溶液除去改性酸溶性钛渣中的杂质。除去的杂质例如是Fe2O3、CaO、MgO、Al2O3等杂质。
在这个步骤中，如果所述硫酸或盐酸水溶液浓度超过这个范围时会使改性酸溶性钛渣中杂质的浸出效果不好，优选地是18～27％，更优选地是21～24％。
根据本发明，如果改性酸溶性钛渣与无机酸水溶液固液比高于1:4，则会使浸出酸很快达到饱和度，无法继续浸出；如果改性酸溶性钛渣与无机酸水溶液固液比低于1:6，则会增大反应容器的体积，不易操作，因此，改性酸溶性钛渣与无机酸水溶液固液比为1:4～6是可行的，优选地是1:4.5～5.5，更优选地是1:4.8～5.2。
在这个步骤中，酸性除杂所使用的设备例如是恒温水浴锅，由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅。
在这个步骤中，过滤时所使用的设备是目前市场上销售的产品，例如由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的产品。
洗涤时所使用的设备是目前市场上销售的产品，例如由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的产品。使用的洗涤剂通常是水或其它合适溶剂。采用常规少量多次洗涤方法，洗涤直至达到酸浸渣滤液pH值维持在6.5～7.5水平。
本发明使用的干燥设备是目前市场上销售的产品，例如由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的产品。
在这个步骤中，如果煅烧温度低于900℃，则会有部分锐钛型TiO2未发生晶型转变；如果煅烧温度高于1000℃，则会出现烧结现象；因此，煅烧温度为900℃～1000℃是合适的，优选地是930℃～960℃。在温度900℃～1000℃的条件下煅烧1.0～3.0h。
本发明使用的煅烧设备是目前市场上销售的产品，例如由昆明理工大学以商品名微波箱式反应器(HM型)销售的产品。
在这个煅烧步骤得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射结构定性与定量分析。
X-射线衍射分析所使用的设备是日本Rigaku公司的X射线衍射分析仪(D/Max 2200 X)，分析条件是管压35kv，管流20mA，采用石墨单色器滤波、θ～2θ步进扫描方式，在3～100°范围以3°/min的扫描速度进行分析测试。
X-射线衍射分析结果列于附图1。由附图1可以确定，在这个煅烧步骤得到的产物主要是金红石。
采用连续扫描方法，以SiO2作为标准物质，由X-射线衍射图结果按照Bragg式2dsinθ＝λ计算得到所述产物为TiO2纯度为91％以上的人造金红石。
通过下述实施例将能够更好地理解本发明。
实施例1：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由云南兴棱矿业有限公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.0％、SiO2 9.5％、MgO 1.5％与CaO 0.5％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加碳酸钠改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的35％，混匀，然后在由昆明理工大学以商品名微波箱式反应器(HM型)销售的微波装置中在频率为912MHz与温度800℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理2.3h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是Na2Fe2Ti6O16、Fe2Ti2O5，接着
C、添加添加剂
按照氟化氢铵添加剂量为所述改性钛渣总重量的24％，往步骤B得到的改性钛渣中添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是Na2Fe2Ti6O16、Fe2Ti2O5、NH4HF2，接着
D、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以重量计18％的硫酸水溶液按照固液比为1:4.8混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂90min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比3:1洗涤2次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度95℃的条件下干燥1.0h，再在温度960℃的条件下煅烧1.0h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为92.0％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.26％，MgO的含量为以重量计0.88％。
实施例2：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由云铜集团钛业有限公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.6％、SiO2 9.4％、MgO 1.2％与CaO 0.3％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加氢氧化钠改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的20％，混匀，然后在由昆明理工大学以商品名微波箱式反应器(HM型)销售的微波装置中在频率为915MHz与温度750℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理1.5h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是Na2TiO3、Fe2Ti2O5，接着
C、添加添加剂
按照氟化氢铵添加剂量为所述改性钛渣总重量的36％，往步骤B得到的改性钛渣中添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是Na2TiO3、Fe2Ti2O5、NH4HF2，接着
D、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以重量计27％的硫酸水溶液按照固液比为1:5.2混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂100min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比5:1洗涤3次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度100℃的条件下干燥1.2h，再在温度900℃的条件下煅烧2.0h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为92.2％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.23％，MgO的含量为以重量计0.86％。
实施例3：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由云南新立有色金属有限公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.0％、SiO2 9.0％、MgO 0.98％与CaO 0.45％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加磷酸一氢钠改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的25％，混匀，然后在由昆明理工大学以商品名微波箱式反应器(HM型)销售的微波装置中在频率为918MHz与温度780℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理2.5h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是金红石型TiO2、Na3PO4、Fe2Ti2O5，接着
C、添加添加剂
按照氟化氢铵添加剂量为所述改性钛渣总重量的20％，往步骤B得到的改性钛渣中添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是金红石型TiO2、Na3PO4、Fe2TiO5、NH4HF2，接着
D、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以重量计15％的硫酸或盐酸水溶液按照固液比为1:4.0混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂120min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比4:1洗涤4次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度105℃的条件下干燥0.8h，再在温度1000℃的条件下煅烧3.0h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为91.8％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.20％，MgO的含量为以重量计0.86％。。
实施例4：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.8％、SiO2 9.0％、MgO 0.86％与CaO 0.4％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加磷酸一氢钾改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的40％，混匀，然后在由昆明理工大学以商品名微波箱式反应器(HM型)销售的微波装置中在频率为912MHz与温度850℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理1.7h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是金红石型TiO2、K3PO4、Fe2Ti2O5，接着
C、添加添加剂
按照氟化氢铵添加剂量为所述改性钛渣总重量的40％，往步骤B得到的改性钛渣中添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是金红石型TiO2、K3PO4、Fe2Ti2O5、NH4HF2，接着
D、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以重量计30％的盐酸水溶液按照固液比为1:6.0混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂110min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比3:1洗涤2次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度95℃的条件下干燥1.0h，再在温度930℃的条件下煅烧1.5h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为93.0％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.20％，MgO的含量为以重量计0.82％。。
实施例5：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.8％、SiO2 8.2％、MgO 0.89％与CaO 0.2％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加磷酸铵改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的28％，混匀，然后在由昆明理工大学以商品名微波箱式反应器(HM型)销售的微波装置中在频率为915MHz与温度820℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理1.9h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是金红石型TiO2、Fe2Ti2O5，接着
C、添加添加剂
按照氟化氢铵添加剂量为所述改性钛渣总重量的40％，往步骤B得到的改性钛渣中添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是金红石型TiO2、Fe2Ti2O5、NH4HF2，接着
D、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以重量计21％的盐酸水溶液按照固液比为1:4.5混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂105min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比4:1洗涤3次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度100℃的条件下干燥1.5h，再在温度960℃的条件下煅烧2.5h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为92.3％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.25％，MgO的含量为以重量计0.86％。
实施例6：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由云铜集团钛业有限公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.0％、SiO2 9.0％、MgO 1.3％与CaO 0.3％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加碳酸钠改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的32％，混匀，然后在由昆明理工大学以商品名微波箱式反应器(HM型)销售的微波装置中在频率为918MHz与温度800℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理2.1h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是Na2Fe2Ti6O16、Na0.36Fe0.69Ti3.34O8、Fe2Ti2O5，接着
C、添加添加剂
按照氟化氢铵添加剂量为所述改性钛渣总重量的32％，往步骤B得到的改性钛渣中添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是Na2Fe2Ti6O16、Na0.36Fe0.69Ti3.34O8、Fe2Ti2O5、NH4HF2，接着
D、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以重量计24％盐酸水溶液按照固液比为1:5.5混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂115min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比4:1洗涤4次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度105℃的条件下干燥1.2h，再在温度1000℃的条件下煅烧2.0h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为91.1％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.25％，MgO的含量为以重量计0.89％。
对比实施例1：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由云南兴棱矿业有限公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.0％、SiO2 9.5％、MgO 1.5％与CaO 0.5％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加碳酸钠改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的35％，混匀，然后在电阻炉中在温度800℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理2.3h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是Na2Fe2Ti6O16、Fe2Ti2O5，接着
C、添加添加剂
按照氟化氢铵添加剂量为所述改性钛渣总重量的24％，往步骤B得到的改性钛渣中添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是Na2Fe2Ti6O16、Fe2Ti2O5、NH4HF2，接着
D、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器
(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以重量计18％的硫酸水溶液按照固液比为1:4.8混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂90min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比3:1洗涤2次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度95℃的条件下干燥1.0h，再在温度960℃的条件下煅烧1.0h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为82.29％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.36％，MgO的含量为以重量计0.96％。
对比实施例2：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由云南新立有色金属有限公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.6％、SiO2 9.4％、MgO 1.2％与CaO 0.3％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加氢氧化钠改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的20％，混匀，然后在电阻炉中在温度750℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理1.5h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是Na2TiO3、Fe2Ti2O5，接着
C、添加添加剂
按照氟化氢铵添加剂量为所述改性钛渣总重量的36％，往步骤B得到的改性钛渣中添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是Na2TiO3、Fe2Ti2O5、NH4HF2，接着
D、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以
重量计27％的硫酸水溶液按照固液比为1:5.2混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂100min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比5:1洗涤3次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度100℃的条件下干燥1.2h，再在温度900℃的条件下煅烧2.0h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为89.62％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.28％，MgO的含量为以重量计0.98％。
对比实施例3：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由云铜集团钛业有限公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.0％、SiO2 9.0％、MgO 0.98％与CaO 0.45％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加磷酸一氢钠改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的25％，混匀，然后在电阻炉中在温度780℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理2.5h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是金红石型TiO2、Na3PO4、Fe2TiO5，接着
C、添加添加剂
按照氟化氢铵添加剂量为所述改性钛渣总重量的20％，往步骤B得到的改性钛渣中添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是金红石型TiO2、Na3PO4、Fe2TiO5、NH4HF2，接着
D、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以重量计15％的硫酸或盐酸水溶液按照固液比为1:4.0混合均匀，然后在沸腾温
度下进行酸性除杂120min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比4:1洗涤4次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度105℃的条件下干燥0.8h，再在温度1000℃的条件下煅烧3.0h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为81.47％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.32％，MgO的含量为以重量计0.91％。
实施例1-3的实施结果与对比实施例1-3(不使用微波装置)的实施结果对比分析知道，采用本发明方法所得到人造金红石纯度比对比实施例高11.53％，这个结果是出乎人们预料之外的结果。
对比实施例4：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由云南新立有色金属有限公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.8％、SiO2 9.0％、MgO 0.86％与CaO 0.4％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加磷酸一氢钾改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的40％，混匀，然后在电阻炉中在温度850℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理1.7h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是金红石型TiO2、K3PO4、Fe2Ti2O5，接着
C、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以重量计30％的盐酸水溶液按照固液比为1:6.0混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂110min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比3:1洗涤2次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱
(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度95℃的条件下干燥1.0h，再在温度930℃的条件下煅烧1.5h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为78.0％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.35％，MgO的含量为以重量计0.93％。。
对比实施例5：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由攀钢集团钛业有限责任公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.8％、SiO2 8.2％、MgO 0.89％与CaO 0.2％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加磷酸铵改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的28％，混匀，然后在电阻炉中在温度820℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理1.9h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是金红石型TiO2、Fe2Ti2O5，接着
C、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以重量计21％的盐酸水溶液按照固液比为1:4.5混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂105min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比4:1洗涤3次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度100℃的条件下干燥1.5h，再在温度960℃的条件下煅烧2.5h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为76.3％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.38％，MgO的含量为以重量计1.06％。
对比实施例6：人造金红石的制备
该实施例的实施步骤如下：
A、粉碎
采用本说明书描述的方法对由云南新立有色金属有限公司获得的酸溶性钛渣进行了分析，其化学组成是以重量计TiO2 72.0％、SiO2 9.0％、MgO 1.3％与CaO 0.3％；使用由南昌通用化验制样机厂以商品名密封式制样粉碎机(JG100-3)销售的研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后
B、改性处理
往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加碳酸钠改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣重量的32％，混匀，然后在电阻炉中在温度800℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理2.1h，得到一种改性钛渣，采用本说明书描述的方法测定得到，它的基本化学组成是Na2Fe2Ti6O16、Na0.36Fe0.69Ti3.34O8、Fe2Ti2O5，接着
C、酸性除杂
使用由巩义市予华仪器有限公司以商品名恒温加热磁力搅拌器(DF-101S)销售的恒温水浴锅，将步骤C得到的含添加剂钛渣与浓度为以重量计24％盐酸水溶液按照固液比为1:5.5混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂115min；接着使用由梅特勒—托利多仪器有限公司以商品名循环水式真空泵(SHZ-D(Ⅲ))销售的过滤设备进行过滤、然后用水按照液固比4:1洗涤4次，接着使用由上海博讯实业设备公司以商品名数显鼓风干燥箱(DZX-9030MBE)销售的干燥设备在温度105℃的条件下干燥1.2h，再在温度1000℃的条件下煅烧2.0h，得到的产物进行了X-射线衍射分析，确定所述的产物是TiO2纯度为72.1％的人造金红石，其中CaO的含量为以重量计0.36％，MgO的含量为以重量计1.19％。
实施例1-6的实施结果与对比实施例4-6(不使用微波装置，不添加氟化氢铵添加剂)的实施结果对比分析知道，采用本发明方法所得到人造金红石纯度比对比实施例高20.9％，这个结果是出乎人们预料之外的结果。
Claims (10)
- 一种由酸溶性钛渣制备金红石的方法，其特征在于该方法的步骤如下：A、粉碎使用研磨设备将酸溶性钛渣研磨至-100目为以重量计80％以上，得到一种酸溶性钛渣粉，然后B、改性处理往步骤A得到的酸溶性钛渣粉中添加碳酸钠改性剂，它的量是所述酸溶性钛渣粉重量的20％～40％，混匀，然后在微波装置中在温度750℃～850℃的条件下进行微波辐照处理，得到一种改性酸溶性钛渣，接着C、添加添加剂将步骤B得到的改性酸溶性钛渣磨碎至-160目为以重量计80％以上，然后添加氟化氢铵添加剂，得到含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣；D、酸性除杂与煅烧将步骤C得到的含添加剂的酸溶性钛渣与浓度为以重量计15～30％的硫酸或盐酸水溶液按照固液比为1:4～6混合均匀，然后在沸腾温度下进行酸性除杂90～120min；接着进行过滤、洗涤与干燥，再在温度900℃～1000℃的条件下煅烧，得到所述的金红石。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于在步骤A中，所述酸溶性钛渣是以重量计TiO2含量为72.0％以上、Al2O3为2.2％以下、SiO2为9.6％以下、MgO为1.5％以下与CaO为0.5％以下的钛渣。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于在步骤B中，所述碳酸钠改性剂用氢氧化钠或磷酸盐代替。
- 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于所述的磷酸盐是磷酸一氢钠、磷酸二氢钠、磷酸一氢钾、磷酸二氢钾或磷酸铵。
- 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于在步骤B中，所述改性剂的量是所述酸溶性钛渣粉重量的25％～35％。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于在步骤B中，所述微波装置的频率为912～918MHz。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于在步骤B中，所述微波辐照处理的时间是1.5h～2.5h。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于在步骤C中，所述氟化氢铵添加剂的量是所述改性酸溶性钛渣总重量的20％～40％。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于在步骤C中，所述的煅烧是在微波反应器中在频率912～918MHz的条件下处理1h～3h。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于所述金红石的纯度是以重量计91％以上。
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| US10060009B2 (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2018-08-28 | Yunnan Minzu University | Method for preparing rutile from acid-soluble titanium slag |
| CN112250105A (zh) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-22 | 眉山顺应循环再生资源有限公司 | 一种酸溶性钛渣提纯方法 |
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| CN105836797B (zh) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-10 | 云南民族大学 | 一种由酸溶性钛渣制备金红石的方法 |
| CN107304067A (zh) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-31 | 云南民族大学 | 一种磷酸活化与微波加热联合处理高钛渣制备人造金红石的方法 |
| CN107399757A (zh) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-11-28 | 云南民族大学 | 一种微波加热与流态化浸出联合制备人造金红石的方法 |
| CN107399760A (zh) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-11-28 | 云南民族大学 | 一种微波钠化焙烧高钛渣制备人造金红石的方法 |
| CN107720809A (zh) * | 2016-08-10 | 2018-02-23 | 云南民族大学 | 一种机械活化与微波煅烧联合制备人造金红石的方法 |
| CN106602007B (zh) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-03-08 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | 一种表面可调控的钛酸锂材料的制备方法 |
| CN108793238A (zh) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-13 | 云南民族大学 | 一种微波焙烧磷酸浸出制备金红石的方法 |
| CN108793242A (zh) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-11-13 | 云南民族大学 | 一种机械活化辅助微波焙烧制备人造金红石的方法 |
| CN108315522B (zh) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-11-19 | 上海大学 | 微波强化直接还原处理钛铁矿制取还原铁粉和富钛料的方法 |
| KR20200134083A (ko) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-12-01 | 주식회사 모노리스 | 불화물 및 마이크로웨이브를 이용한 이산화티타늄의 회수 방법 |
| CN111410527B (zh) * | 2020-03-20 | 2021-06-22 | 广东风华高新科技股份有限公司 | 一种复相巨介电陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
| CN114686687B (zh) * | 2022-03-09 | 2024-05-07 | 山东产研绿洲环境产业技术研究院有限公司 | 一种钛铁矿微波富钛装置及微波富钛方法 |
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| US10060009B2 (en) | 2018-08-28 |
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