WO2016173209A1 - Système de tri et de broyage de déchets domestiques - Google Patents

Système de tri et de broyage de déchets domestiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016173209A1
WO2016173209A1 PCT/CN2015/091590 CN2015091590W WO2016173209A1 WO 2016173209 A1 WO2016173209 A1 WO 2016173209A1 CN 2015091590 W CN2015091590 W CN 2015091590W WO 2016173209 A1 WO2016173209 A1 WO 2016173209A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crushing
conveyor belt
roller
feed
sorting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/091590
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
袁浩然
王亚琢
张炽广
郭华芳
陈勇
Original Assignee
中国科学院广州能源研究所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中国科学院广州能源研究所 filed Critical 中国科学院广州能源研究所
Publication of WO2016173209A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016173209A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of garbage classification, in particular to a domestic garbage crushing and sorting system.
  • the application for publication No. CN 103551234 A discloses a municipal solid waste crushing and air separation system comprising a primary crushing crushing device and a secondary pendulum crushing device.
  • the air-selection system has good pressing, crushing and sorting effects, can greatly reduce the moisture in the municipal solid waste, and efficiently separates it into combustible and non-combustible materials, and contributes to further subsequent utilization of domestic garbage, and
  • the jaw crusher of the system is connected with a spring device, so that the crushing pressure, crushing effect and processing capacity of the jaw crusher can be adjusted according to the quantity of municipal domestic garbage.
  • CN 103611717 A discloses a dry and wet joint sorting system for urban domestic garbage, which comprises a dry pendulum type crushing device and a wet type moisture selecting device, which are driven by different rotational speeds and rotating in the same direction.
  • the knife solves the problems of easy entanglement and jamming when the garbage is broken, and completely separates the corrosive organic matter, the light combustible matter, and the inorganic matter.
  • the crusher is still relatively easy to be stuck, and the sorting precision of the above two kinds of garbage sorting systems is not high, and the garbage sorting can be further refined.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a municipal solid waste sorting system which is compact in structure, can be continuously produced, has high production efficiency, simple operation, safety and reliability, and completely separates rotten materials, light recyclables and combustible wastes.
  • a domestic garbage crushing and sorting system comprising a quantitative feeding device, a pendulum type crushing device, a wind selecting device and a material conveying device;
  • the quantitative feeding device comprises a quantitative feeding device housing, at least one first feeding port is provided on the top of the quantitative feeding device housing; and at least a adjacent quantitatively feeding device housing is arranged in the quantitative feeding device housing
  • the body swinging No. 1 feeding boom and the No. 2 feeding boom; the No. 1 feeding roller boom and the No. 2 feeding roller boom are respectively provided with a No. 1 feeding roller boom and No. 2 feeding
  • the roller boom is self-rotating and the first feeding roller and the second feeding roller are rotatable relative to the housing of the quantitative feeding device;
  • the pendulum type crushing device comprises a crushing bin; the top of the crushing bin is provided with at least one No. 2 feeding port; the crushing bin is provided with at least a first crushing roller boom and a No. 2 crushing roller crane which are arranged adjacent to each other for swinging relative to the crushing bin
  • the No.1 crushing roller boom and the No.2 crushing roller boom are respectively provided with a No. 1 crushing roller and No. 2 which can rotate relative to the No. 1 crushing roller boom and the No. 2 crushing roller boom and can rotate relative to the crushing bin.
  • the wind selection device comprises a wind selection chamber; the crushing chamber is located upstream of the wind selection chamber and communicates with the air selection chamber; and at least one side of the wind selection chamber is provided with a fan for screening light recyclable garbage;
  • the material conveying device comprises a conveyor belt No. 1 , a conveyor belt No. 2 and a conveyor belt No. 4; a conveyor belt No. 1 is arranged at the bottom of the casing of the quantitative feeding device for conveying the domestic garbage fed; the second conveyor belt is at one The downstream end of the conveyor belt and the top of the second feed port are used to connect the quantitative feeding device and the pendulum type crushing device; the fourth conveyor belt is arranged at the bottom of the air-selection chamber for conveying the domestic garbage after the air-selection
  • the fan is above the No. 4 conveyor belt, and the conveying direction of the No. 4 conveyor belt is opposite to the wind speed direction of the fan.
  • the garbage to be treated enters the quantitative feeding device casing from the No. 1 feeding port, and falls between the No. 1 feeding roller and the No. 2 feeding roller, and is driven by the No. 1 feeding roller and the No. 2 feeding roller.
  • Drop to the No. 1 conveyor Take the belt and move it downstream of the No. 1 conveyor belt.
  • the garbage leading to the end of the No. 1 conveyor belt fell to the No. 2 conveyor belt, and continued to move downstream of the No. 2 conveyor belt, and finally fell into the No. 2 feed port, into the crushing bin, and the garbage was The number of broken rollers and the No. 2 crushing roller are broken and broken.
  • the broken garbage falls onto the No. 4 conveyor belt and moves downstream of the No. 4 conveyor belt.
  • Sorting and recycling of lightweight recyclables can be achieved by providing a lightweight recyclable conveyor belt at the top of the upstream conveyor belt.
  • the No. 1 feed roller and the No. 2 feed roller are designed to oscillate. Under normal conditions, the No. 1 feed roller and the No. 2 feed roller are kept in a vertical state under the action of gravity. When a large piece of material enters between the No. 1 feed roller and the No. 2 feed roller through the No. 1 feed port, the No. 1 feed roller and the No. 2 feed roller will swing to the sides respectively to avoid the feed card. dead.
  • the feed roller No. 1 and the feed roller No. 2 may each include a feed runner member, and the feed runner member is uniformly provided with a plurality of feed hooks in the circumferential direction.
  • the amount of garbage feeding can be controlled by the quantitative feeding device.
  • the feed hooks on the No. 1 feed roller and the No. 2 feed roller may be arranged in a staggered manner; the No. 1 feed roller and the No. 2 feed roller have different rotation speeds and opposite rotation directions; No. 1 feed roller
  • the rotation speed of the feed roller and the second feed roller is preferably less than or equal to two revolutions per minute.
  • the No. 1 crushing roller and the No. 2 crushing roller may each comprise a crushing rotor member, and the crushing runner member is uniformly distributed with a plurality of crushing blades in the circumferential direction.
  • the quality of the broken garbage can be ensured by adjusting the rotational speed of the No. 1 crushing roller and the No. 2 crushing roller.
  • the crushing knives on the No. 1 crushing roller and the No. 2 crushing roller can be arranged in a staggered manner; the spinning speed of the No. 1 crushing roller and the No. 2 crushing roller are different, and the rotation speed of the No. 1 feeding roller and the No.
  • the rotation speed of one of the slower rotation speeds should be no less than 10 revolutions per minute, that is, when the rotation speed of the No. 1 crushing roller is slower than the rotation speed of the No. 2 crushing roller, the No. 1 crushing roller
  • the rotation speed is not less than 10 revolutions per minute.
  • the rotation speed of the No. 2 crushing roller can reach 50 revolutions per minute to 100 revolutions per minute.
  • the rotation speed of the No. 2 crushing roller is slower than the rotation speed of the No. 1 crushing roller, No. 2
  • the rotation speed of the crushing roller is not less than 10 revolutions per minute, and the rotation speed of the first crushing roller can reach 50 revolutions per minute to 100 revolutions per minute.
  • the respective rotation directions of the No. 1 crushing roller and the No. 2 crushing roller can be adjusted.
  • the direction of rotation can be the same or opposite.
  • the sorting system preferably further has a needle selection device at the downstream end of the fourth conveyor belt.
  • the needle selection device may comprise a self-rotating needle selection wheel member; the rotation direction of the needle selection rotor member is the same as the conveying direction of the fourth conveyor belt; the needle selection rotor member is uniformly distributed with a plurality of sorting needles in the circumferential direction.
  • the needle length H of the sorting needle may be between 80 and 120 mm; the spacing L between the sorting needles may be between 30 and 50 mm; the vertical distance S of the needle selecting device and the fourth conveyor belt may be 20 Between ⁇ 30mm.
  • a corrosive organic material conveyor belt is disposed on one side of the needle selection device, that is, between the fourth conveyor belt and the needle selection device, so that fine residue such as kitchen waste can be dropped onto the corrodible organic material conveyor belt.
  • the sorting and recovery of the rotten organic matter can be realized; the combustible waste conveyor belt can be arranged on the other side of the needle selection device, so that the combustible waste can be dropped onto the combustible waste conveyor belt to realize the sorting and recovery of the combustible waste.
  • the downstream end of the first conveyor belt may be provided with an electromagnetic iron remover for adsorbing metal waste in the garbage.
  • an electromagnetic iron remover for adsorbing metal waste in the garbage.
  • the system can also be provided with a gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt inclined to the ground, and the glass bottle is selected by the gravity gradient sorting device, which is convenient for recycling.
  • the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt may be disposed between the No. 2 conveyor belt and the pendulum type crushing device.
  • the gravity slope sorting conveyor belt may be disposed between the downstream end of the No. 2 conveyor belt and the No. 2 feed port.
  • the slope sorting conveyor belt rolls off, and the remaining garbage is moved by the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt to the No. 2 feed port. Therefore, the glass conveyor belt can be sorted and recovered by arranging the glass conveyor belt at the upstream end of the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt. Further, the angle between the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt and the ground is preferably Between 25 ° and 35 °.
  • the iron remover conveyor belt, the combustible waste conveyor belt, the corrosive organic material conveyor belt, and the light recyclable material conveyor belt are all driven by motors that can be independently adjusted, and the respective rotation speeds of the conveyor belts can be independently adjusted according to actual production conditions.
  • the invention has simple structure, adopts quantitative feeding for garbage feeding, avoids a large amount of garbage entering the crushing device at the same time, thereby affecting the crushing effect, and ensures the best sorting effect; the feeding roller and the crushing roller are all adopting a pendulum type roller, which does not occur.
  • the whole system is safe and reliable;
  • the crushing bin adopts different speed and steering adjustable crushing roller to solve the problem of easy winding when the garbage is broken;
  • the wind-selecting room and the needle selecting device are used to make the high-moisture rotten material It is selected to reduce the moisture content of combustible waste and facilitate subsequent energy utilization.
  • the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt is used to select glass bottles and porcelain to facilitate subsequent recycling.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a municipal solid waste sorting system in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the staggered arrangement of the feed hooks on the No. 1 feed roller and the No. 2 feed roller in the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the staggered arrangement of the crushing blades on the No. 1 crushing roller and the No. 2 crushing roller in the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of a needle selection device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller in a normal state in the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller opened to both sides in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the domestic garbage sorting system shown in FIG. 1 includes a quantitative feeding device, a magnetic sorting device, a gravity gradient sorting device, a pendulum crushing device, a wind selecting device, a needle selecting device 22, and a material conveying device.
  • the dosing device comprises a dosing device housing 2.
  • a top feed port 1 is provided at the top of the dosing device housing 2.
  • the quantitative feeding device housing 2 is provided with a first steel beam 3 and a second steel beam 6 which are adjacently arranged and parallel to each other, and the first feeding roller boom is respectively hinged on the first steel beam 3 and the second steel beam 6 4 and 2 feed roller booms 7.
  • the No. 1 feed roller boom 4 is rotatable relative to the No. 1 steel beam 3, and the No. 2 feed roller boom 7 is rotatable relative to the No. 2 steel beam 6.
  • the No. 1 feed roller boom 4 and the No. 2 feed roller boom 7 are respectively hinged with a No. 1 feed roller 5 and a No. 2 feed roller 8.
  • the No. 1 feed roller 5 can be rotated relative to the No. 1 feed roller boom 4, and the No. 2 feed roller 8 can be rotated relative to the No. 2 feed roller boom.
  • the No. 1 feed roller boom 4 or the No. 2 feed roller boom 7 rotates relative to the quantitative feeder housing 2
  • the No. 1 feed roller 5 or the No. 2 feed roller 8 can also be relatively quantitatively fed.
  • the device housing 2 is rotated.
  • the first feed roller 5 and the second feed roller 8 are each constituted by a feed runner member 30, and a plurality of feed hooks 31 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the feed runner member 30.
  • the feed rollers 31 of the first feed roller 5 and the second feed roller 8 are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • the first feed port 1 is between the first feed roller 5 and the second feed roller 8.
  • the rotation speed of the No. 1 feed roller 5 is two revolutions per minute and rotates clockwise;
  • the rotation speed of the No. 2 feed roller 8 is three revolutions per minute, and rotates in the counterclockwise direction.
  • the pendulum type crushing device includes a crushing bin 14.
  • the second feed port 13 is provided at the top of the crushing bin 14.
  • the crushing bin 14 is provided with an adjacent three-gauge steel beam 15 and a fourth steel beam 18.
  • a No. 1 crushing roller boom 16 and a No. 2 crushing roller boom 19 are respectively hinged on the No. 3 steel beam 15 and the No. 4 steel beam 18.
  • the No. 1 crushing roller boom 16 is rotatable relative to the No. 3 steel beam 15, and the No. 2 crushing roller boom 19 is rotatable relative to the No. 4 steel beam 18.
  • the No. 1 crushing roller boom 16 and the No. 2 crushing roller boom 19 are respectively hinged with a No. 1 crushing roller 17 and a No. 2 crushing roller 20.
  • the No. 1 crushing roller 17 can be rotated relative to the No.
  • the No. 1 crushing roller boom 16, and the No. 2 crushing roller 20 can be rotated relative to the No. 2 crushing roller boom 19.
  • the No. 1 crushing roller 17 or the No. 2 crushing roller 20 is also It can then rotate relative to the crushing bin 14.
  • the first crushing roller 17 and the second crushing roller 20 are each composed of a crushing rotor member 32.
  • the crushing runner member 32 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of crushing blades 33, the first crushing roller 17 and the second crushing member.
  • the crushing knives 33 on the roller 20 are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • the second feed port 13 is between the first crushing roller 17 and the second crushing roller 20.
  • the rotation speed of the first crushing roller 17 is 10 revolutions per minute and rotates in the clockwise direction
  • the rotation speed of the second crushing roller 20 is 50 revolutions per minute, and rotates in the counterclockwise direction.
  • the air selection device is the air selection chamber 29, and the left side of the air selection chamber 29 is provided with a fan 21 for screening lightweight recyclable garbage.
  • the crushing chamber 14 is located above the air-selecting chamber 29 and communicates with the air-selecting chamber 29.
  • the gravity gradient sorting device is a gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt 12.
  • the angle ⁇ between the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt 12 and the ground is 30°.
  • the upstream end of the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt 12 is located below the downstream end of the second conveyor belt 11, and the downstream end of the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt 12 is located above the second feed port 13.
  • the material conveying device includes a first conveyor belt 9, a second conveyor belt 11 and a fourth conveyor belt 23.
  • the first conveyor belt 9 is installed at the bottom of the quantitative feeder housing 2;
  • the second conveyor belt 11 is between the first conveyor belt 9 and the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt 12, and the upstream top end of the second conveyor belt 11 Located downstream of the downstream end of the first conveyor belt 9, the downstream end of the second conveyor belt 11 is located above the upstream top end of the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt 12;
  • the fourth conveyor belt 23 is installed at the bottom of the air-selection chamber 29, and the air selection
  • the fan 21 in the chamber 29 is above the fourth conveyor belt 23, and the conveying direction of the fourth conveyor belt 23 is opposite to the wind speed direction of the fan 21.
  • the needle selecting device 22 is composed of a needle selecting rotor member 221 and a plurality of sorting needles 222, and the sorting needles 222 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the needle selecting runner member 221.
  • the needle selection device 22 is located on the left side of the air selection chamber 29, the needle length H of the sorting needle 222 is 100 mm, and the spacing L between the sorting needles 222 on the needle selection wheel member 221 is 45 mm.
  • the vertical distance S between the selection device 22 and the fourth conveyor belt 23, that is, the leftmost vertical distance of the rightmost side of the needle selection device 22 and the fourth conveyor belt 23 is 20 mm.
  • the magnetic separation device is an electromagnetic pulley wheel remover 10.
  • the electromagnetic pulley remover 10 is mounted on the right side of the first conveyor belt 9, and the pulley as the first conveyor belt 9 drives the first conveyor belt 9 to rotate.
  • the material conveying device further includes a iron remover conveyor belt 24, a glass conveyor belt 25, a combustible waste conveyor belt 26, a corrosive organic material conveyor belt 27, and a lightweight recyclable material conveyor belt 28, wherein the iron separator conveyor belt 24 is located at one Below the conveyor belt 9; the glass conveyor belt 25 is located on the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt 12 Below the top of the swim; the combustible waste conveyor belt 26 is located at the lower left of the needle selection device 22; the rotatable organic matter conveyor belt 27 is located at the lower right of the needle selection device 22, between the needle selection device 22 and the fourth conveyor belt 23; The recyclable conveyor belt 28 is located at the lower right of the air-selection chamber 29.
  • the conveyor belts 28 are all driven by motors that can be independently regulated, and the respective rotational speeds of the conveyor belts can be independently adjusted.
  • the system is started, and the garbage is put into the feed port 1 of the first one.
  • the garbage is driven by the first feed roller 5 and the second feed roller 8, and is dropped onto the first conveyor belt 9, and the first conveyor belt 9 is turned to the right.
  • the scrap iron is sucked by the electromagnetic pulley wheel remover 10, is turned to the lower side of the electromagnetic pulley wheel remover 10, falls into the iron remover conveyor belt 24 and is collected, and the remaining garbage falls.
  • the garbage After the garbage enters the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt 12, due to the effect of gravity and slope, the components such as glass bottles in the garbage slide off from the inclined surface of the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt 12, fall into the glass conveyor belt 25, and are separated and recovered.
  • the remaining garbage enters the second feed port 13 through the gravity gradient sorting conveyor belt 12, thereby falling into the crushing bin 14, and the garbage in the crushing bin 14 is different due to the rotation speed of the first crushing roller 17 and the second crushing roller 20 It is broken and broken and falls into the air chamber 29.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de tri et de broyage de déchets domestiques. Le système comprend un dispositif d'alimentation quantitative, un dispositif de séparation magnétique (10), un dispositif de tri à gradient de gravité (12), un dispositif de broyage du type à pendule, un dispositif de séparation pneumatique (29) et un dispositif de séparation d'aiguille (22) et un dispositif de transport de matériau. Le système présente une structure compacte, est facile à utiliser, est sûr et fiable, et peut trier des déchets domestiques urbains en des substances organiques corrodables, des déchets combustibles, des métaux, des verres et des substances recyclables légères, ce qui permet non seulement d'utiliser complètement les déchets domestiques urbains mais également de présenter des avantages environnementaux et des avantages sociaux importants.
PCT/CN2015/091590 2015-04-29 2015-10-09 Système de tri et de broyage de déchets domestiques WO2016173209A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510211783.2 2015-04-29
CN201510211783.2A CN104874582B (zh) 2015-04-29 2015-04-29 一种生活垃圾破碎分选系统

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016173209A1 true WO2016173209A1 (fr) 2016-11-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2015/091590 WO2016173209A1 (fr) 2015-04-29 2015-10-09 Système de tri et de broyage de déchets domestiques

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CN (1) CN104874582B (fr)
WO (1) WO2016173209A1 (fr)

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