WO2016031577A1 - 摩擦撹拌接合用のエンドタブ、及び接合材の製造方法 - Google Patents
摩擦撹拌接合用のエンドタブ、及び接合材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016031577A1 WO2016031577A1 PCT/JP2015/072842 JP2015072842W WO2016031577A1 WO 2016031577 A1 WO2016031577 A1 WO 2016031577A1 JP 2015072842 W JP2015072842 W JP 2015072842W WO 2016031577 A1 WO2016031577 A1 WO 2016031577A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
- B23K20/1235—Controlling or monitoring the welding process with temperature control during joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1225—Particular aspects of welding with a non-consumable tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
- B23K20/124—Controlling or monitoring the welding process at the beginning or at the end of a weld
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
- B23K20/2336—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer both layers being aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an end tab used when workpieces are joined by friction stir welding, and a method for manufacturing a joining material using friction stir welding.
- Friction stir welding is known as one method for joining workpieces made of two members. Friction stir welding is a joining method in which workpieces are joined by frictional heat generated on the surface of the workpiece by rotating the tool in a state where the workpiece joint is pressed by the shoulder surface of the tool.
- Patent Document 1 describes a method of starting joining from a position deviated from the workpiece joining line.
- the tool is advanced at a position deviated from the joining line until the workpiece temperature reaches a predetermined temperature suitable for friction stir welding, thereby suppressing the occurrence of joining defects and performing joining appropriately.
- Patent Document 1 When the joining method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used, that is, when joining is performed from a position shifted from the joining line, it is very difficult to control the position of the tool, and the tool cannot be advanced at a predetermined position. There is a problem. Further, if the workpiece is a hollow shape, the rib of the hollow shape obstructs the progress of the tool, and it becomes more difficult to start joining from a position deviated from the joining line. Further, if the rib is cut, there arises a problem that the strength of the hollow shape member is lowered at the cut position.
- the present invention provides an end tab that enables friction stir welding by a simple technique while suppressing the occurrence of a bonding defect at the joining start end, and a method for manufacturing a bonding material using friction stir welding.
- the end tab for friction stir welding according to the first aspect of the present invention is disposed so as to abut on the end face of the workpieces to be joined by friction stir welding, and the end tab is positioned on the extension line of the joining line in the workpiece. A notch is formed.
- the tool used for friction stir welding can be made to stand by at the position of the front end side of the notch formed in the end tab (butting portion of the notch). Since the tip side of the notch is positioned on the extension line of the joining line, when the tool is put on standby at the position on the tip side of the notch, the tool is held before the joining line. Therefore, heat from the tool can be transmitted to the workpieces before joining by waiting for the tool, and the temperature of the workpiece on the joining line ahead of the direction of travel of the tool can be effectively increased to a predetermined temperature. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of bonding defects during bonding. Furthermore, since the notch is formed, the movement of the tool can be regulated by the notch, so that the tool can be stably kept on standby before the joining line.
- the notch in the first aspect may be formed with an intersecting portion extending in a direction intersecting the joining line.
- the crossing portion is formed in the notch portion in this way, a part of the work softened by the rotation of the tool at the time of friction stir welding wraps around the back of the tool at the joining start end portion (the portion to be joined first). At that time, the softened workpiece is blocked by this intersection. Therefore, the outflow of the softened workpiece can be suppressed, and the occurrence of a bonding defect at the bonding start end can be suppressed.
- a manufacturing method for a bonding material in which an end tab in which a notch portion having a front end side is formed on an extension of a bonding line in a workpiece to be bonded by friction stir welding is abutted against the end surface of the workpiece.
- a tab installation step for installing the tool a tool installation step for installing a probe in the tool for friction stir welding in the notch, and a running step for causing the tool to advance toward the tip side along the notch,
- the temperature of the workpiece at the joint portion ahead of the tool in the advancing direction of the tool becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature by the standby step of waiting the tool on the tip side in the notch and the standby step.
- a joining step of joining the workpieces by starting the progress of the tool.
- a method for manufacturing a joining material when a workpiece is joined using an end tab formed with a notch, the tool is held in front of the joining line by waiting the tool at the tip side of the notch. Is done. Accordingly, the heat from the tool is transmitted to the workpiece by waiting for the tool, and the temperature of the workpiece on the joining line can be effectively increased to a predetermined temperature. And a joining material can be manufactured, suppressing that a joining defect arises at the time of joining by performing a joining process in this state. Furthermore, since the notch is formed in the end tab, the movement of the tool can be restricted by the notch. For this reason, the tool can be stably kept on standby before the joining line.
- the manufacturing method of the bonding material according to the fourth aspect of the present invention includes a notch step of forming a notch portion from the end surface of the workpiece so that the tip side is positioned on the bonding line in the workpiece to be bonded by friction stir welding, A tool installation step of installing a probe in a friction stir welding tool in the notch, a standby step of waiting the tool on the tip side of the notch, and a standby step, the tool is advanced more than the tool A joining step of starting the progress of the tool and joining the workpieces when the temperature of the workpieces at the joining portion forward in the direction becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.
- the tool is held at the start end position (joint start end portion) of the joining line by forming the notch portion in the workpiece and waiting the tool at the front end side of the notch portion. Accordingly, heat can be transferred from the tool to the workpiece by waiting for the tool, and the temperature of the workpiece on the joining line can be effectively increased to a predetermined temperature. And a joining material can be manufactured, suppressing that a joining defect arises at the time of joining by performing a joining process in this state. Furthermore, the movement of the tool can be regulated by the cutout portion because the cutout portion is formed in the workpiece. For this reason, the tool can be stably kept on standby before the joining line.
- the contact area between the workpiece surface and the tool can be increased when the tool is waiting. Therefore, the amount of heat input from the tool to the workpiece can be increased. As a result, the temperature rise of the workpiece can be accelerated, the waiting time of the tool can be shortened, and the manufacturing efficiency of the bonding material can be improved.
- the temperature of the workpiece is 0.45 of the melting point of the workpiece as the predetermined temperature.
- the temperature reaches twice or more and 0.8 times or less, the progress of the tool may be started to join the workpieces.
- the bonding material can be manufactured while further suppressing the occurrence of bonding defects by performing the bonding process when the workpiece reaches a temperature of 0.45 to 0.8 times the melting point. .
- the workpiece is sandwiched from both sides by the first shoulder and the second shoulder.
- a bobbin tool for joining before the joining step, in this manufacturing method, at least one of the first shoulder side and the second shoulder side of the end surface of the workpiece, A chamfering step for forming a chamfered portion may be further included.
- the first shoulder (or the second shoulder) of the bobbin tool can be moved so as to slide on the chamfered portion without being caught by the end surface of the workpiece. It becomes possible. Therefore, joining with a bobbin tool can be performed easily, and generation
- work end surface by the catch of a bobbin tool can be suppressed.
- the friction stir welding is performed by a simple method while suppressing the occurrence of a bonding defect at the welding start end. It is possible.
- jointing material 1 of 1st embodiment which concerns on this invention is demonstrated.
- the end tab 20 used in the present embodiment extends a joining line L serving as a butt line with respect to an end surface Wa of a workpiece W formed by abutting two plate materials W1 (or a hollow shape material or the like). Installed face to face.
- the end tab 20 is an auxiliary plate used for suppressing the occurrence of a bonding defect at the bonding start end.
- the rotary tool 10 for friction stir welding includes a cylindrical shoulder 11 having a shoulder surface 11a that contacts the surface of the end tab 20 (the upper surface in the present embodiment), and extends downward from the shoulder surface 11a. And a cylindrical probe 12.
- the surface of the workpiece W is pressurized by the shoulder surface 11 a to generate frictional heat and the workpiece W is agitated by the probe 12. Thereby, the plastic flow of the material of the workpiece
- the extending direction of the joining line L is referred to as a traveling direction D1
- the width direction of the workpiece W orthogonal to the traveling direction D1 is simply referred to as a width direction D2.
- a notch portion 21 in which the distal end side 22 is positioned on the extension line L ⁇ b> 1 of the joining line L in the workpiece W is formed.
- the notch 21 is located in the middle of the end tab 20 along the extension line L1 from the second end surface 20b on the side facing away from the end surface Wa of the work W in the end tab 20 toward the first end surface 20a. It extends to. Further, the notch 21 has a rectangular shape symmetrical in the width direction D2 with the extension line L1 as the center. That is, the notch 21 is formed on the extension line L1, and the tip side 22 (the bottom surface 21a of the notch 21) of the notch 21 is located on the extension line L1.
- the size of the notch 21 is such that the probe 12 does not contact the inner surface of the notch 21 when the probe 12 is inserted into the notch 21 from the vertical direction perpendicular to the traveling direction D1 and the width direction D2. It is formed slightly larger than the outer diameter.
- the tool installation step S2 for installing the rotary tool 10 on the end tab 20 after the end tab 20 is installed, and the rotary tool 10 are advanced on the end tab 20. It includes a running process S3, a waiting process S4 for waiting the rotary tool 10 on the end tab 20 after the running process S3, and a joining process S5 for joining the workpiece W after the waiting process S4.
- the tab installation process S1 is executed. That is, the first end surface 20a of the end tab 20 is abutted against the end surface Wa of the workpiece W, and is fixed to a surface plate (not shown) using a clamp or the like (not shown).
- the tool installation step S2 is executed. That is, the rotary tool 10 is set close to the end tab 20 from above, and the probe 12 is inserted into the notch 21. At this time, the shoulder surface 11 a of the rotary tool 10 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the end tab 20.
- the run-up process S3 is executed. That is, the rotary tool 10 is advanced toward the distal end side 22 of the notch 21 while the surface of the end tab 20 is pressed by the shoulder surface 11 a while the probe 12 is inserted into the notch 21.
- the standby process S4 is executed. That is, the advancement of the rotary tool 10 is stopped at the front end side 22 of the notch 21 and is put on standby. At this time, the rotary tool 10 is held at a position where the probe 12 does not contact the bottom surface 21 a of the notch 21.
- the progress of the tool is stopped until the temperature of the workpiece W at the joint portion in the forward direction D1 of the rotary tool 10 with respect to the rotary tool 10 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.
- the joint portion in the forward direction D1 of the rotary tool 10 indicates a portion on the joint line L in the vicinity of the end surface Wa of the workpiece W to be joined first.
- the “joining portion in front of the traveling direction D1” may include at least a position where the end surface Wa and the joining line L intersect.
- the “predetermined temperature” is a temperature not less than 0.45 times and not more than 0.8 times the melting point of the material forming the workpiece W.
- the “predetermined temperature” is a temperature not less than 0.45 times and not more than 0.8 times the melting point of the material forming the workpiece W.
- the melting point is about 660 ° C.
- the temperature of the workpiece W can be calculated by a general method that uses, for example, a thermocouple installed on the workpiece W or measures radiant heat from the workpiece W or the like.
- the joining step S5 is executed. That is, when the temperature of the workpiece W reaches the predetermined temperature, the rotation tool 10 starts to be joined, the workpiece W is joined, and the joining material 1 is manufactured.
- the end tool 20 with the notch 21 formed thereon is used to wait for the rotary tool 10 on the front end side 22 of the notch 21 before starting to join the workpieces W.
- the rotary tool 10 is held before the joining line L.
- the movement of the rotary tool 10 can be restricted by the cutout portion 21 and can be made to wait firmly on the extension line L1 of the joining line L. For this reason, the rotary tool 10 can be stably held and held in front of the joining line L, and the rotating tool 10 can be smoothly guided onto the joining line L after waiting for a predetermined time.
- the joining material 1 can be manufactured while further suppressing the occurrence of joining defects.
- Friction stir welding can be performed by a simple method.
- the thickness dimension of the end tab 20 and the thickness dimension of the workpiece W may be the same.
- the end tab 20 can be installed so that the surface of the end tab 20 and the surface of the workpiece W are flush with each other, and the workpiece W can be joined more smoothly.
- a chamfered portion 30 may be formed by performing R chamfering or C chamfering on a corner portion of the bottom surface 21 ⁇ / b> Aa of the cutout portion 21 ⁇ / b> A of the end tab 20 ⁇ / b> A.
- the cutout portion 21 ⁇ / b> B of the end tab 20 ⁇ / b> B may be formed in a semicircular shape having the second end surface 20 b as a diameter in a top view. That is, the bottom surface 21Ba of the notch 21B may be an arcuate curved surface.
- the notch 21C of the end tab 20C may have a triangular shape in a top view. That is, the end portion 22C of the notch portion 21C may be a triangular apex.
- the notch 21D of the end tab 20D extends from the surface facing the one side in the width direction D2 of the end tab 20D toward the width direction D2, and then bends 90 degrees along the extension line L1. It may be formed so as to extend along the extension line L1. That is, the notch 21D is formed with an intersection 21Da extending in the width direction D2 intersecting the joining line L, and a bent portion 21Db bent from the intersection 21Da continuously to the intersection 21Da and extending on the extension line L1. Has been.
- the bent portion 21Db has the same shape as the cutout portion 21 shown in FIG. 1A, and has a rectangular shape that is symmetrical with respect to the width direction D2 about the extension line L1. That is, the bent portion 21Db is formed on the extension line L1, and the distal end side 22D of the cutout portion 21D (the bottom surface 21Dc of the cutout portion 21D) is located on the extension line L1.
- the bent portion 21Db may be formed to extend to the first end surface 20Da of the end tab 20D on the extension line L1. That is, the front end side 22D of the notch 21D is formed to a position where it contacts the end surface Wa of the workpiece W.
- the shoulder surface 11a comes into contact with the region of the workpiece W shown in part B of FIG. Therefore, when the rotary tool 10 is on standby, the contact area between the workpiece W and the rotary tool 10 can be increased, and the amount of heat input from the rotary tool 10 to the workpiece W can be increased. As a result, the temperature rise of the workpiece W can be accelerated, the waiting time of the rotary tool 10 can be shortened, and the manufacturing efficiency of the bonding material 1 can be improved.
- the temperature of the workpiece W at a position Ba where the front edge of the shoulder surface 11a (the front end edge in the traveling direction D1) and the joining line L intersect with each other while the rotary tool 10 is on standby is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.
- the progress of the rotary tool 10 may be stopped until That is, the above-mentioned “joining portion in front of the traveling direction D1” may include at least the position Ba.
- the end tab 20 is located at a position 2 mm away from the edge of the shoulder surface 11a (for example, point C in FIG. 7).
- a method of determining whether or not the temperature at the point C is 300 ° C. or higher can be adopted by installing a thermocouple in In the joining step S5, the rotary tool 10 is moved when the temperature at the point C reaches 300 ° C. or higher.
- thermocouple may be installed on the workpiece W at a position 2 mm away from the edge of the shoulder surface 11a.
- the softened work W intersects when a part of the softened work W wraps around the rotating tool 10 at the joint start end. It is blocked by the portion 21Ea. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the outflow of the softened workpiece W, to suppress the occurrence of a bonding defect, and to perform the bonding more efficiently.
- the standby process S4 and the bonding process S5 described above the notch process S11 for forming the notch 61 from the end surface Wa of the workpiece W, and the probe 12 of the rotary tool 10 are performed.
- the notch process S11 is executed. That is, the notch 61 is formed on the joining line L from the end surface Wa of the workpiece W toward the traveling direction D1.
- This notch 61 has the same shape as the notch 21 shown in FIG. 1A of the first embodiment. That is, it has a rectangular shape that is symmetrical with respect to the width direction D2 with the joining line L as the center. Then, it extends from the end surface Wa of the workpiece W to a midway position, and the leading end side 62 of the notch 61 (the bottom surface 61a of the notch 61) is located on the joining line L.
- the notch 61 is formed to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the probe 12 so that the probe 12 does not contact the inner surface of the notch 61 when the probe 12 is inserted into the notch 61. Further, in order to increase the amount of heat input from the rotary tool 10 to the workpiece W in the standby step S4, the notch 61 has a contact area of the shoulder surface 11a to the workpiece W as large as possible with the probe 12 inserted. It may be formed as follows. In other words, the shoulder surface 11a may be formed long in the traveling direction D1 so that the shoulder surface 11a is entirely positioned on the workpiece W. On the other hand, when a portion where the notch 61 is formed is cut after the joining step S5 as described later, the notch 61 may be formed as short as possible in the traveling direction D1 in order to reduce the amount of cut.
- the tool installation step S21 is executed. That is, as in the first embodiment, the rotary tool 10 is placed close to the work W from above the work W, and the probe 12 is installed in the notch 61. At this time, the shoulder surface 11 a of the rotary tool 10 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece W.
- the rotary tool 10 is held at the start position (bonding start end) of the bonding line L. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively raise the temperature of the workpiece W on the joining line L to a predetermined temperature by waiting for the rotary tool 10.
- the bonding material 51 can be manufactured while suppressing the occurrence of bonding defects during bonding.
- the notch 61 is formed in the work W, the movement of the rotary tool 10 can be restricted by the notch 61. For this reason, the rotary tool 10 can be made to wait stably before the joining line L.
- the contact area between the work W and the rotary tool 10 can be increased when the rotary tool 10 is on standby (D portion in FIG. 9).
- the amount of heat input from the rotary tool 10 to the workpiece W can be increased.
- the temperature rise of the workpiece W can be accelerated, the waiting time of the rotary tool 10 can be shortened, and the manufacturing efficiency of the bonding material 51 can be improved.
- a temperature not lower than 0.45 times and not higher than 0.8 times the melting point of the material forming the workpiece W may be used as a guide, as in the first embodiment.
- a thermocouple is installed on the workpiece W at a position 2 mm away from the edge of the shoulder surface 11a (for example, point E in FIG. 9), and whether or not the temperature at this point D is 300 ° C. or higher. It is good also as a standard.
- notches 21 (21A, 21B, 21C, 21D, 21E) having various shapes described in the first embodiment, and the shape of the notches is not limited.
- the “joining portion in front of the traveling direction D ⁇ b> 1” is the front edge of the shoulder surface 11 a (the front end edge in the traveling direction D ⁇ b> 1). It may include at least a position Da where the joining line L intersects.
- jointing material 71 of 3rd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the manufacturing method of the bonding material 71 in addition to the manufacturing method of the second embodiment, the manufacturing method of the bonding material 71 further includes a chamfering step S0 for forming the chamfered portion 73 on the end surface Wa of the workpiece W.
- an upper shoulder 81 (first shoulder) having an upper shoulder surface 81a and a lower shoulder 82 (second shoulder) having a lower shoulder surface 82a are connected by a probe 83.
- the rotary tool 80 is a bobbin tool that performs joining by sandwiching the workpiece W between the upper shoulder 81 and the lower shoulder 82.
- the chamfering process S0 is performed before the joining process S5. In the present embodiment, for example, it is executed before the notch process S11. In addition, this chamfering process S0 may be performed after the notch process S11.
- the chamfered portion 73 is formed at the edge of the workpiece W on the back surface side of the workpiece W, that is, the edge of the lower shoulder surface 82a.
- the chamfer 73 is formed as an R chamfer or a C chamfer.
- the distance between the upper shoulder surface 81a and the lower shoulder surface 82a of the rotary tool 80 which is a so-called bobbin tool is temporarily smaller than the plate thickness of the workpiece W. Even if it is, the rotary tool 80 is not caught on the end surface Wa of the workpiece W. That is, the lower shoulder 82 of the rotary tool 80 can move so as to slide on the chamfer 73. Therefore, joining with a bobbin tool can be performed easily and generation
- the chamfered portion 73 is formed at the end edge portion on the lower shoulder 82 side, but the chamfered portion 73 may be formed at the end edge portion on the upper shoulder 81 side. Further, chamfered portions may be formed at the edge portions on both sides of the upper shoulder 81 and the lower shoulder 82 side.
- the chamfering step S0 of the present embodiment can be applied.
- the chamfering step S0 is performed, for example, before the tab setting step S1.
- the notch portion 21 ( 21A, 21B, 21C, 21D, 21E, 61) can be applied.
- the rotary tool 80 of the third embodiment that is, the bobbin tool may be used instead of the rotary tool 10.
- the friction stir welding is performed by a simple method while suppressing the occurrence of a bonding defect at the welding start end. It is possible.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2014年8月28日に出願された特願2014-173991号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
摩擦攪拌接合は、ワークの接合部をツールのショルダ面で加圧した状態でツールを回転させることによってワークの表面に生じさせた摩擦熱でワークを接合する接合方法である。
本発明の第一の態様に係る摩擦撹拌接合用のエンドタブは、摩擦撹拌接合によって接合されるワークの端面に突き合わせて配置され、エンドタブには、前記ワークにおける接合線の延長線上に先端側が位置する切欠部が形成されている。
以下、本発明に係る第一実施形態の接合材1の製造方法について説明する。
図1Aに示すように、本実施形態で用いられるエンドタブ20は、二枚の板材W1(又は中空形材等)を突き合わせてなるワークWの端面Waに対し、突き合わせ線となる接合線Lの延びる方向から、突き合わされて設置される。
ショルダ面11aでワークWの表面を加圧し、摩擦熱を生じさせるとともにプローブ12によってワークWを攪拌する。これにより、ワークWの材料の塑性流動を生じさせワークWの接合が行われる。
即ち、切欠部21は延長線L1上に形成され、切欠部21の先端側22(切欠部21の底面21a)は延長線L1上に位置していることになる。
本実施形態の製造方法は、エンドタブ20を設置するタブ設置工程S1と、エンドタブ20の設置後、エンドタブ20に回転ツール10を設置するツール設置工程S2と、エンドタブ20上で回転ツール10を進行させる助走工程S3と、助走工程S3後にエンドタブ20上で回転ツール10を待機させる待機工程S4と、待機工程S4後にワークWを接合する接合工程S5とを含んでいる。
回転ツール10の進行方向D1前方の接合部とは、最初に接合が行われるワークWの端面Wa近傍の接合線L上の部分を示す。この「進行方向D1前方の接合部」としては、端面Waと接合線Lとが交差する位置を少なくとも含んでもよい。
ワークWの温度は、例えばワークW上に設置した熱電対を用いたり、ワークWからの放射熱等を計測したりする一般的な手法により、算出することが可能である。
待機工程S4では、回転ツール10を待機させている状態でショルダ面11aの前縁(進行方向D1の前端縁)と接合線Lとが交差する位置BaでのワークWの温度が所定の温度以上となるまで、回転ツール10の進行が停止されてもよい。即ち、上記の「進行方向D1前方の接合部」としては、位置Baを少なくとも含んでもよい。
熱電対はワークW上で、ショルダ面11aの縁から2〔mm〕離間した位置に設置してもよい。
以下、図9及び図10を参照して、本発明の第二実施形態の接合材51の製造方法について説明する。
第一実施形態と同様の構成要素には同一の符号を付して詳細説明を省略する。
本実施形態では、上記のエンドタブ20(20A、20B、20C、20D、20E)を用いない点で第一実施形態とは異なっている。
また、待機工程S4で、回転ツール10からワークWへの入熱量を増大させるために、切欠部61は、プローブ12が挿通された状態で、ワークWへのショルダ面11aの接触面積ができるだけ大きくなるように形成されてもよい。即ち、ショルダ面11aが全体的にワークW上に位置するように、進行方向D1に長く形成されてもよい。
一方で、後述するように切欠部61が形成された部分を接合工程S5実行後に切除する場合、切除量を低減するために、切欠部61は進行方向D1にできるだけ短く形成されてもよい。
必要に応じて、接合工程S5の実行後に、切欠部21が形成された位置を接合材51から切除する工程を実行する。
以下、図11、図12を参照して、本発明の第三実施形態の接合材71の製造方法について説明する。
第一実施形態及び第二実施形態と同様の構成要素には同一の符号を付して詳細説明を省略する。
本実施形態では第二実施形態の製造方法に加え、接合材71の製造方法は、さらに、ワークWの端面Waに面取部73を形成する面取り工程S0を含んでいる。
そして、本実施形態の回転ツール80は、上ショルダ面81aを有する上ショルダ81(第一のショルダ)と下ショルダ面82aを有する下ショルダ82(第二のショルダ)とが、プローブ83によって連結されている。回転ツール80は、上ショルダ81と下ショルダ82とによってワークWを挟み込んで接合を行うボビンツールである。
例えば、図13に示すように、ワークWは二枚の板材W1を重ね合せてなるものを、ボビンツールである回転ツール80によって接合を行う場合にも、上述の各実施形態における切欠部21(21A、21B、21C、21D、21E、61)を適用することができる。
10、80 回転ツール
11 ショルダ
11a ショルダ面
12 プローブ
20、20A、20B、20C、20D、20E エンドタブ
20a、20Da 第一端面
20b 第二端面
21、21A、21B、21C、21D、21E、61 切欠部
21a、21Aa、21Ba、21Dc、61a 底面
22、22C、22D、22E、62 先端側
21Da、21Ea 交差部
21Db 屈曲部
30 面取部
D1 進行方向
D2 幅方向
L 接合線
L1 延長線
S0 面取り工程
S1 タブ設置工程
S2 ツール設置工程
S3 助走工程
S4 待機工程
S5 接合工程
S11 切り欠き工程
S21 ツール設置工程
73 面取部
81 上ショルダ(第一のショルダ)
81a 上ショルダ面
82 下ショルダ(第二のショルダ)
82a 下ショルダ面
83 プローブ
W ワーク
W1 板材
Wa 端面
Claims (6)
- 摩擦撹拌接合によって接合されるワークの端面に突き合わせて配置され、前記ワークにおける接合線の延長線上に先端側が位置する切欠部が形成された摩擦撹拌接合用のエンドタブ。
- 前記切欠部には、前記接合線に交差する方向に延びる交差部が形成されている請求項1に記載の摩擦撹拌接合用のエンドタブ。
- 摩擦撹拌接合によって接合されるワークにおける接合線の延長線上に先端側が位置する切欠部が形成されたエンドタブを、前記ワークの端面に突き合わせて設置するタブ設置工程と、
摩擦撹拌接合用のツールにおけるプローブを前記切欠部に設置するツール設置工程と、
前記ツールを、前記切欠部に沿って前記先端側に向かって進行させる助走工程と、
摩擦撹拌接合用のツールを前記切欠部における先端側で待機させる待機工程と、
前記待機工程によって、前記ツールよりも該ツールの進行方向前方の接合部での前記ワークの温度が所定の温度以上となった時点で、前記ツールの進行を開始して前記ワークの接合を行う接合工程と、
を含む接合材の製造方法。 - 摩擦撹拌接合によって接合されるワークにおける接合線上に、前記ワークの端面から切欠部を形成する切り欠き工程と、
摩擦撹拌接合用のツールにおけるプローブを前記切欠部に設置するツール設置工程と、
前記ツールを前記切欠部における先端側で待機させる待機工程と、
前記待機工程によって、前記ツールよりも該ツールの進行方向前方の接合部での前記ワークの温度が所定の温度以上となった時点で、前記ツールの進行を開始して前記ワークの接合を行う接合工程と、
を含む接合材の製造方法。 - 前記接合工程では、前記所定の温度として、前記ワークの温度が該ワークの融点の0.45倍以上0.8倍以下の温度となった時点で、前記ツールの進行を開始して前記ワークの接合を行う請求項3又は4に記載の接合材の製造方法。
- 前記ツールとして、前記ワークを両面から第一のショルダと第二のショルダとによって挟み込んで接合を行うボビンツールを用い、
前記接合工程の前に、前記ワークの前記端面における前記第一のショルダ側及び前記第二のショルダ側のうちの少なくとも一方の端縁部に、面取部を形成する面取り工程をさらに含む請求項3から5のいずれか一項に記載の接合材の製造方法。
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US15/506,494 US20170252857A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2015-08-12 | End tab for friction stir welding and method for producing joint material |
KR1020177004431A KR20170035978A (ko) | 2014-08-28 | 2015-08-12 | 마찰 교반 접합용 엔드탭 및 접합재의 제조 방법 |
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US16/678,308 Division US11059126B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2019-11-08 | Welding method using an end tab having a cutout |
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US11059126B2 (en) | 2021-07-13 |
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