WO2016017072A1 - 有機el素子及び有機el素子の製造方法 - Google Patents
有機el素子及び有機el素子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016017072A1 WO2016017072A1 PCT/JP2015/003387 JP2015003387W WO2016017072A1 WO 2016017072 A1 WO2016017072 A1 WO 2016017072A1 JP 2015003387 W JP2015003387 W JP 2015003387W WO 2016017072 A1 WO2016017072 A1 WO 2016017072A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8051—Anodes
- H10K59/80516—Anodes combined with auxiliary electrodes, e.g. ITO layer combined with metal lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/81—Anodes
- H10K50/814—Anodes combined with auxiliary electrodes, e.g. ITO layer combined with metal lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/82—Cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/60—Forming conductive regions or layers, e.g. electrodes
- H10K71/611—Forming conductive regions or layers, e.g. electrodes using printing deposition, e.g. ink jet printing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
- H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8052—Cathodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8052—Cathodes
- H10K59/80521—Cathodes characterised by their shape
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) element and a method for manufacturing the organic EL element.
- organic EL Electro Luminescence
- Organic EL elements such as organic EL panels are being studied for application to various devices as highly efficient surface light sources.
- the organic EL element is expected to be applied to lighting, a display, or a window.
- This type of organic EL element includes, for example, a translucent substrate, a transparent electrode made of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) or the like formed on the translucent substrate, an organic light emitting layer formed on the transparent electrode, And a reflective electrode formed on the organic light emitting layer.
- ITO Indium Tin Oxide
- Transparent conductive materials such as ITO used as a material for transparent electrodes generally have high resistivity. For this reason, in the organic EL element, when power is supplied to the transparent electrode (ITO) from the electrode terminal portion (extraction electrode) provided on the outer peripheral portion, the central region of the light emitting surface far from the electrode terminal portion due to the voltage drop of the transparent electrode In this case, the light emission luminance decreases. As a result, luminance unevenness occurs on the light emitting surface of the organic EL element.
- Patent Document 1 a technique for forming a thin line auxiliary electrode made of a low resistance material such as a metal in a lattice pattern on the transparent electrode is known.
- a technique for forming a thin line auxiliary electrode made of a low resistance material such as a metal in a lattice pattern on the transparent electrode is known.
- Patent Document 1 a technique for forming a thin line auxiliary electrode made of a low resistance material such as a metal in a lattice pattern on the transparent electrode.
- the conventional auxiliary electrode pattern cannot sufficiently suppress the luminance unevenness of the light emitting surface.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an organic EL element capable of sufficiently suppressing luminance unevenness on a light emitting surface.
- an organic EL device includes a substrate, a first electrode disposed on the substrate, and a light emitting layer, and is disposed on the first electrode.
- the line width of the curved portion is wider than the line width of the straight portion.
- one aspect of a method for producing an organic EL device includes a step of forming a first electrode on a substrate, and a linear linear portion so as to be laminated on the first electrode.
- the auxiliary electrode is formed by applying a liquid conductive material so that the line width of the curved portion is wider than the line width of the linear portion.
- the luminance unevenness on the light emitting surface can be sufficiently suppressed.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view of an organic EL panel according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the organic EL panel according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a first pattern of the auxiliary electrode of the organic EL panel according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a region X in FIG.
- FIG. 4A is a plan view showing a first electrode formation step in the method of manufacturing an organic EL panel according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4B is a plan view showing an auxiliary electrode forming step in the method of manufacturing the organic EL panel according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4C is a plan view showing an organic layer forming step in the method of manufacturing an organic EL panel according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4D is a plan view showing a second electrode forming step in the method for manufacturing the organic EL panel according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an application order of conductive materials in the auxiliary electrode forming step.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a second pattern of the auxiliary electrode of the organic EL panel according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a third pattern of the auxiliary electrode of the organic EL panel according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a pattern of auxiliary electrodes of an organic EL panel of a comparative example.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another pattern of auxiliary electrodes of the organic EL panel of the comparative example.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view of the organic EL panel according to the embodiment
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of the organic EL panel.
- the organic EL panel 1 is an example of an organic EL element, and is a surface-emitting light emitting device that emits light of a predetermined color.
- the organic EL panel 1 emits white light, for example.
- the organic EL panel 1 includes a first substrate 11, a first electrode 12, an auxiliary electrode (auxiliary wiring) 13, an organic layer 14 including a light emitting layer, and a second electrode 15. And a second substrate 16 and a sealing resin 17.
- the first substrate 11 and the first electrode 12 are translucent, and the second electrode 15 is reflective. That is, as shown in FIG. 1B, the organic EL panel 1 according to the present embodiment has only one surface (the surface on the first substrate 11 side) as a light emitting surface, and emits light from only the one surface. It is a light emitting organic EL element.
- the second electrode 15 and the second substrate 16 may also be translucent so that a double-sided light emitting organic EL element that emits light from both surfaces of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 16 may be used.
- translucency is a property of a substance that transmits light and is a concept including transparency.
- the first substrate 11 is a translucent substrate having translucency, for example, a glass substrate made of a glass material, or a resin substrate made of a translucent resin material such as polycarbonate resin, acrylic resin, or polyester resin. is there.
- the transparent resin substrate excellent in moisture permeability such as a glass-made transparent glass substrate or a polyester resin, etc. It is preferable to use a transparent substrate.
- the first substrate 11 is a transparent substrate having a high transmittance so that the other side can be seen through, for example, a transparent glass substrate. Further, since glass has low moisture permeability, it is possible to suppress moisture from entering the organic EL panel 1 by using a glass substrate as the first substrate 11.
- the first substrate 11 may be formed of a composite material of glass and a material other than glass.
- the first substrate 11 can have a laminated structure of a glass plate and a light extraction resin layer (light extraction layer).
- the resin layer is provided on the surface of the glass plate on the first electrode 12 side, for example.
- the light-extractable resin layer is a layer having a structure that scatters light, for example, and is attached to a glass plate.
- the resin layer is formed using, for example, a plastic material. Examples of the plastic material include PET (polyethylene terephthalate) resin, PEN (polyethylene naphthalate) resin, acrylic resin, and epoxy resin.
- the resin layer may have a multilayer structure including a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer having a lower refractive index than the high refractive index layer. Further, a fine uneven structure may be formed at the interface between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer.
- the first substrate 11 is not limited to a rigid substrate, and may be a flexible flexible substrate such as a flexible resin substrate or a flexible glass substrate.
- the shape of the first substrate 11 is, for example, a square or a rectangular rectangle, but is not limited thereto, and may be a polygon other than a circle or a rectangle.
- the first substrate 11 is colorless and transparent, but may be slightly colored or translucent. As the translucent first substrate 11, a ground glass substrate can be used.
- the first electrode 12 is disposed on the first substrate 11.
- the first electrode 12 is formed in a predetermined shape on the upper surface of the first substrate 11.
- the first electrode 12 is formed such that a main portion corresponding to the organic layer 14 in a plan view has a substantially rectangular shape.
- a plurality (three in FIG. 1A) are formed so as to protrude toward each of the upper and lower sides of the substrate 11.
- the protruding portion of the first electrode 12 is a first electrode terminal portion 12 a in the first electrode 12.
- the first substrate 11 is formed with a rectangular second electrode terminal portion 12 b using the same material as the first electrode 12.
- the first electrode terminal portion 12 a is a power feeding portion to which a predetermined voltage for supplying to the first electrode 12 is applied, and the second electrode terminal portion 12 b has a predetermined voltage for supplying to the second electrode 15. It is the electric power feeding part applied.
- the second electrode terminal portion 12b is not connected to the first electrode 12 and is formed separately from the first electrode terminal portion 12a.
- the first electrode 12 is an electrode having translucency, and is formed using a material having both conductivity and translucency.
- Examples of the material of the first electrode 12 include conductive transparent metal oxides such as ITO, IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), or AZO (Al-added ZnO).
- the first electrode 12 in the present embodiment is a transparent electrode made of a transparent conductive film (ITO film) using ITO, and is formed by sputtering, for example.
- the first electrode 12 since the first electrode 12 has translucency, the light directed to the first substrate 11 among the light generated in the light emitting layer of the organic layer 14 is transmitted through the first electrode 12.
- the first electrode 12 is an anode (anode).
- the thickness of the first electrode 12 is, for example, 10 nm to 1000 nm. When the thickness of the first electrode 12 is particularly in the range of 50 nm to 1000 nm, good translucency and conductivity of the first electrode 12 are ensured. From the viewpoint of light transmittance, the thickness of the first electrode 12 is more preferably 30 nm to 300 nm.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is laminated on the first electrode 12. As shown in FIG. 1B, in the present embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed on the first electrode 12. By laminating the auxiliary electrode 13 on the first electrode 12, it is possible to suppress luminance unevenness on the light emitting surface due to a voltage drop of the first electrode 12. That is, since the transparent conductive material such as ITO used for the first electrode 12 generally has a high resistivity, power is supplied to the first electrode 12 from the first electrode terminal portion 12 a formed on the outer peripheral portion of the first substrate 11. As a result, the luminance of the central region of the light emitting surface (organic layer 14) decreases due to the voltage drop of the first electrode 12. Therefore, the auxiliary electrode 13 is stacked on the first electrode 12. Thereby, the electrical conductivity of the first electrode 12 can be complemented and the current can be distributed uniformly in the plane of the first electrode 12, so that it is possible to suppress a decrease in luminance in the central region of the light emitting surface.
- the transparent conductive material such as ITO used for the
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed using a material having a lower resistivity than the first electrode 12.
- the material of the auxiliary electrode 13 is a conductive material such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, graphene, or carbon nanotube, or a mixture thereof.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 can be formed by a vacuum process (dry process) such as vapor deposition or sputtering, or a wet process such as ink jet or screen printing.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed by a wet process.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed by liquid discharge using a liquid conductive material.
- a liquid such as a metal such as silver or copper or an alloy thereof has high conductivity and can discharge liquid. It is formed by applying a liquid conductive material (conductive paste).
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed in a predetermined pattern. Specifically, a liquid conductive material is applied in a predetermined pattern. Details of the pattern shape of the auxiliary electrode 13 will be described later.
- the organic layer 14 is disposed on the first electrode 12 as shown in FIG. 1B. Specifically, the organic layer 14 is disposed on the first electrode 12 so as to cover the auxiliary electrode 13. The organic layer 14 is provided so as to be positioned between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 15.
- the organic layer 14 is an organic EL layer (organic light emitting layer) having at least a light emitting layer containing an organic compound that is a light emitting substance.
- the organic layer 14 may include one or more functional layers selected from a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and an intermediate layer.
- a hole injection layer a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, and an intermediate layer.
- the first electrode 12 is an anode and the second electrode 15 is a cathode
- holes are sequentially formed as the organic layer 14 from the first electrode 12 side toward the second electrode 15.
- a stacked layer of an injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer can be used.
- the organic layer 14 is formed on the first electrode 12 by using a predetermined organic material, for example, by vapor deposition or liquid coating.
- the thickness of the organic layer 14 is, for example, 60 nm to 300 nm.
- the functional layer which comprises the organic layer 14 is mainly formed using an organic material, one part functional layer may be formed using the inorganic material.
- the organic layer 14 may have a so-called multi-unit structure.
- the second electrode 15 is disposed on the organic layer 14.
- the second electrode 15 is formed in a predetermined shape on the surface of the organic layer 14.
- the second electrode 15 is formed so as to protrude at a plurality of locations (two locations in FIG. 1A) toward each of the upper and lower sides of the first substrate 11.
- the protruding portion of the second electrode 15 is connected to a second electrode terminal portion 12 b formed on the first substrate 11.
- the second electrode 15 is an electrode having reflectivity, and is formed using a material having both conductivity and reflectivity. That is, in the present embodiment, the second electrode 15 is a reflective electrode having reflectivity. Examples of the material of the second electrode 15 include metal materials such as silver, aluminum, and copper.
- the second electrode 15 is formed by, for example, vapor deposition or sputtering. The thickness of the second electrode 15 is, for example, 10 nm to 1000 nm.
- the second electrode 15 in the present embodiment is a cathode (cathode).
- the second substrate 16 is a cap substrate that covers the first electrode 12, the organic layer 14, and the second electrode 15, and may be either a translucent substrate or a non-translucent substrate.
- substrate 11 can be used, for example, a rectangular glass substrate (cap glass) can be used.
- the sealing resin 17 is a sealing material that seals the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 16, and surrounds the stacked body of the first electrode 12, the organic layer 14, and the second electrode 15. And it is formed in a frame shape along the outer peripheral edge of the second substrate 16. Note that a solid desiccant may be disposed in the gap between the second electrode 15 and the second substrate 16, or a filler so as to fill the gap between the second electrode 15 and the second substrate 16. May be formed.
- the organic EL panel 1 configured as described above emits light by being electrically connected to a power supply circuit (not shown). Specifically, the first electrode terminal portion 12 a and the second electrode terminal portion 12 b are electrically connected to the power supply circuit, and power is supplied from the power supply circuit to connect the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 15. When a predetermined voltage is applied to the light, a current flows through the organic layer 14 and the light emitting layer emits light.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a pattern of auxiliary electrodes in the organic EL panel according to the embodiment
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a region X surrounded by a broken line in FIG.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed in a pattern having a straight linear portion 13a and a curved curved portion 13b in plan view.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is a linear electrode formed in a predetermined pattern within a predetermined rectangular region. Since the auxiliary electrode 13 inhibits light emission if the line width becomes too wide, the auxiliary electrode 13 has a line width of 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m and a thickness (height) in order to achieve both conductivity and difficulty in being visually recognized. Is preferably formed with a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m. More preferably, the auxiliary electrode 13 has a line width of 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and the auxiliary electrode 13 has a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 in the present embodiment is formed in a substantially lattice pattern as a whole in the rectangular region, and is arranged in the vertical direction (vertical direction) and the horizontal direction (horizontal direction). Each is formed at a predetermined interval (wiring pitch).
- the vertical spacing and the horizontal spacing are the same.
- the straight portion 13a of the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed in an internal region (region other than the outer peripheral region) which is the main region of the rectangular region.
- a plurality of linear portions 13a are formed along the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. As shown in FIG. 1A, the straight portion 13 a is formed so as to cover the whole except for the outer peripheral edge of the first electrode 12. In the present embodiment, the line width of the straight portion 13a is constant.
- the curved portion 13b of the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed in the outer peripheral area of the rectangular area.
- the curved portion 13 b is formed in a region between the upper and lower outermost electrodes (frame-shaped portion) of the auxiliary electrode 13 and an electrode on the inner side of the outermost electrode. Thereby, the curve part 13b is formed in the outer periphery vicinity of the 1st electrode 12, as shown to FIG. 1A.
- the curved portion 13b is formed at each of both ends of one straight portion 13a formed along the vertical direction (or the horizontal direction). Moreover, the curved part 13b is formed so that the edge parts of two adjacent linear parts 13a may be connected.
- each curved portion 13b is formed in a curved pattern.
- the pattern of the curved portion 13b has a substantially semicircular arc shape, a substantially semielliptical arc shape, or a parabolic shape, but is not limited thereto.
- the line width of the curved portion 13b is wider than the line width of the straight portion 13a. Specifically, the line width of the curved portion 13b gradually increases from one end of two adjacent linear portions 13a to the central portion of the curved portion 13b, and the center of the curved portion 13b. From the first portion to the other end portion of the adjacent linear portion 13a, the width gradually decreases. That is, in the present embodiment, the line width of the curved portion 13b is the maximum at the central portion (U-turn portion) that is a bent region.
- the line width of the auxiliary electrode 13 from the straight line portion 13a to the curved line portion 13b is continuously increased. That is, the auxiliary electrode 13 is a continuous line in which the straight line part 13a and the curved line part 13b are continuously formed, and the line width of the straight line part 13a and the curved line part 13b are connected at the connection part between the straight line part 13a and the curved line part 13b.
- the line width is the same.
- the line width of the curved portion 13b is wider than the line width of the straight portion 13a in all the portions of the curved portion 13b.
- the present invention is not limited to this. There may be a portion where the line width is narrower than the straight line portion 13a.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 has a line width of 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m in order to achieve both conductivity and difficulty of being visually recognized.
- the thickness (height) is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m. More preferably, the auxiliary electrode 13 has a line width of 5 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and the auxiliary electrode 13 has a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m.
- FIGS. 4A to 4D are plan views of each step in the method of manufacturing the organic EL panel according to the embodiment.
- the 1st electrode 12 is formed on the 1st board
- a glass substrate is prepared as the first substrate 11 and an ITO film having a predetermined shape is formed as the first electrode 12 on the glass substrate.
- the first electrode terminal portion 12a and the second electrode terminal portion 12b are formed simultaneously with the first electrode 12.
- the first electrode terminal portion 12 a is formed integrally with the first electrode 12, and the second electrode terminal portion 12 b is formed separately from the first electrode terminal portion 12 a and the first electrode 12.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed so as to be laminated on the first electrode 12 (auxiliary electrode forming step).
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed on the first electrode 12 in a predetermined pattern.
- a liquid conductive material is applied on the first electrode 12 in a predetermined pattern by liquid discharge by an ink jet apparatus.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 has a straight linear portion 13a and a curved curved portion 13b, and the line width of the curved portion 13b is wider than the line width of the linear portion 13a.
- a liquid conductive material is applied.
- the liquid conductive material a metal paste made by dispersing silver or copper metal particles in a solvent and a binder is used.
- a nano silver paste is used, it is possible to obtain the auxiliary electrode 13 having a small specific resistance and a very good conductive performance.
- an ink jet apparatus can be used as the liquid discharge of the liquid conductive material. The liquid conductive material is discharged from a dispenser nozzle of the ink jet apparatus.
- the liquid conductive material is placed on the first electrode 12 in a linear predetermined pattern by relatively moving the dispenser nozzle or the first substrate 11 in a predetermined direction.
- Direct drawing for example, the pattern of the auxiliary electrode 13 shown in FIG. 4B is obtained by applying a liquid conductive material 130 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of an application order of the liquid conductive material.
- the liquid conductive material 130 is moved into a rectangular frame within a region that becomes a rectangular light emitting surface (organic layer 14). Apply to the shape.
- the first substrate 11 or the dispenser nozzle is moved in the direction from the upper end to the lower end (or from the lower end to the upper end) while reciprocating a plurality of times in the left-right direction.
- the material 130 is applied with a single stroke.
- the liquid portion is repeated so that the straight portion 130a (the portion corresponding to the straight portion 13a) extending in the left-right direction and the curved portion 130b (the portion corresponding to the curved portion 13b) formed at the left and right ends are repeated.
- a conductive material 130 is applied.
- the straight part 130a can be drawn by moving the dispenser nozzle in a straight line in the left-right direction.
- the curved portion 130b can be drawn by moving the dispenser nozzle in a curved shape.
- the first substrate 11 or the dispenser nozzle is moved in the direction from the left end to the right end (or from the right end to the left end) while reciprocating a plurality of times in the up and down direction.
- the material 130 is applied with a single stroke.
- the linear portion 130a (the portion corresponding to the straight portion 13a) extending in the vertical direction and the curved portion 130b (the portion corresponding to the curved portion 13b) formed at the upper and lower ends are repeated.
- a conductive material 130 is applied.
- the straight portion 130a can be drawn by moving the dispenser nozzle in a straight line in the vertical direction.
- the curved portion 130b can be drawn by moving the dispenser nozzle in a curved shape.
- the straight portion 130a extending in the left-right direction and the straight portion 130a extending in the up-down direction are orthogonal and extend in the left-right direction.
- the straight line portion 130a extending in the vertical direction overlaps the straight line portion 130a.
- the conductive material 130 is applied so that the linear portion 130a extending in the left-right direction overlaps the linear portion 130a extending in the vertical direction by reversing the application order in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. May be.
- the electroconductive material 130 is apply
- the drawing speed (moving speed) of the liquid conductive material 130 when drawing the curved portion 130b is greater than the drawing speed (moving speed) of the liquid conductive material 130 when drawing the straight portion 130a.
- the line width of the curved portion 130b can be made wider than that of the straight portion 130a. Note that the discharge amount per unit time of the conductive material 130 at this time may be the same or different when drawing the straight portion 130a and drawing the curved portion 130b.
- the line width in the curved portion 130b can be gradually changed by gradually changing the drawing speed of the liquid conductive material 130.
- a curved portion 13b whose line width gradually changes can be formed.
- the line width of the curved portion 130b can be increased by making the discharge amount of the conductive material 130 when drawing the curved portion 130b larger than the discharge amount of the conductive material 130 when drawing the straight portion 130a. It can be made wider than the line width of the portion 130a.
- the drawing speed of the liquid conductive material 130 at this time may be the same when drawing the straight line portion 130a and when drawing the curved line portion 130b.
- the line width in the curved portion 130b can be gradually changed by gradually changing the discharge amount of the liquid conductive material 130. Even with such a method, the curved portion 13b whose line width gradually changes can be formed.
- the conductive material 130 After applying the conductive material 130 in a predetermined pattern, the conductive material 130 is heated (heating step). For example, the conductive material 130, which is a metal paste applied in a predetermined pattern, is baked at a predetermined temperature, whereby a solvent, a binder component, or the like contained in the metal paste can be volatilized. Thereby, the liquid conductive material 130 is solidified, and the auxiliary electrode 13 having a predetermined pattern is formed as shown in FIG. 4B.
- a rectangular organic layer 14 is formed on the first electrode 12 so as to cover the auxiliary electrode 13. Specifically, a plurality of functional layers and a light emitting layer are sequentially formed by a coating method or a vapor deposition method.
- the second electrode 15 is formed on the organic layer 14.
- the second electrode 15 is formed so that a part of the second electrode 15 protrudes so that a part of the second electrode 15 is connected to the second electrode terminal portion 12b.
- a sealing resin 17 is applied in a frame shape along the outer peripheral edge of the first substrate 11 so as to surround the laminated body of the first electrode 12, the organic layer 14, and the second electrode 15. Then, the second substrate 16 is bonded to the first substrate 11. Thereafter, the sealing resin 17 is cured. Thereby, the organic EL panel 1 is completed.
- Patent Document 1 describes that auxiliary electrodes having a width of 50 ⁇ m or less are formed on a transparent electrode in a pattern intersecting in a lattice pattern.
- the auxiliary electrode having such a pattern may not be able to sufficiently suppress luminance unevenness on the light emitting surface.
- Patent Document 1 also describes that luminance unevenness on the light emitting surface can be further reduced by providing coarse and dense wiring pitches of the auxiliary electrodes. That is, it is described that luminance unevenness can be further reduced by forming the auxiliary electrode so as to have a region with a large wiring pitch (rough region) and a region with a small wiring pitch (dense region).
- the wiring pitch of the auxiliary electrode is coarse / dense, the density of the auxiliary wiring is visually recognized on the light emitting surface. For this reason, there exists a subject that light emission is inhibited or it is unpreferable on an external appearance.
- the auxiliary electrode is formed by applying (drawing) a liquid conductive material, there is a problem that the tact increases when the wiring pitch of the auxiliary electrode is made dense.
- the present invention has been made on the basis of such knowledge, and the present inventors have improved the pattern of the auxiliary electrode in the organic EL panel, so that the wiring pitch of the auxiliary electrode does not need to be increased or decreased. It has been found that the luminance unevenness of the light emitting surface of the organic EL panel can be reduced.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed so as to have not only the linear straight portion 13a but also the curved curved portion 13b.
- the area of the auxiliary electrode 13 can be increased as compared with the case where the curved portion 13b is linear (in the case of only the linear portion), and therefore the contact area between the auxiliary electrode 13 and the first electrode 12 is increased. can do.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed so that the line width of the curved portion 13b is wider than the line width of the straight portion 13a.
- the area of the auxiliary electrode 13 can be further increased, so that the contact between the auxiliary electrode 13 and the first electrode 12 is increased. The area can be further increased.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 has the straight line portion 13a and the curved line portion 13b, and the line width of the curved line portion 13b is wider than the line width of the straight line portion 13a. It has become. Thereby, compared with the case where the curved part 13b is linear, the contact area of the auxiliary electrode 13 and the 1st electrode 12 can be enlarged greatly. Therefore, even if the wiring pitch of the auxiliary electrode 13 is not coarse / dense, the luminance unevenness of the entire light emitting surface of the organic EL panel 1 can be effectively reduced, and the luminance of the light emitting surface can be made uniform.
- the line width of the auxiliary electrode 13 from the straight line part 13a to the curved line part 13b is continuously increased. Therefore, since the line width of the auxiliary electrode 13 changes continuously, it can suppress that an external appearance becomes unnatural.
- the outer peripheral portion of the light emitting surface is lower in luminance than the central portion. This is due to the following reason. After the organic EL panel emits light (after lighting), a temperature difference occurs between the outer peripheral portion and the central portion on the light emitting surface of the organic EL panel. Specifically, since the outer peripheral portion of the organic EL panel is more easily radiated than the central portion, the temperature of the outer peripheral portion is lower than the temperature of the central portion on the light emitting surface.
- the organic layer has a lower charge transport property and a lower luminance as the temperature is lower.
- the luminance of the outer peripheral portion of the light emitting surface may be lower than that of the central portion of the light emitting surface. This phenomenon is likely to occur when the voltage drop of the first electrode 12 is reduced by the auxiliary electrode 13 or the like, and becomes more prominent as the light emitting area of the organic EL panel increases. Therefore, when the organic EL panel is enlarged. Especially problematic.
- the curved portion 13 b of the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the first electrode 12.
- the pattern of the auxiliary electrode 13 is not limited to the pattern shown in FIG. 2, and may be, for example, the auxiliary electrode 13A having the pattern shown in FIG.
- the curved portion 13b is formed in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the first electrode 12 as in the auxiliary electrode 13 shown in FIG. 2, but in the auxiliary electrode 13A shown in FIG.
- the curved portion 13b is formed only on the left and right ends, and the curved portion 13b is not formed on the upper and lower ends.
- the auxiliary electrode 13A shown in FIG. 6 has a larger interval (wiring pitch) between adjacent auxiliary electrodes 13 (straight line portions 13a) than the auxiliary electrode 13 shown in FIG.
- the pattern of the auxiliary electrode 13A shown in FIG. 6 includes a rectangular portion formed in a rectangular frame shape and a straight portion extending one in the vertical direction.
- the luminance of the central portion of the light emitting surface may be lower than that of the outer peripheral edge portion. This is a case where the influence of the voltage drop of the first electrode 12 (transparent electrode) is large and the light emission luminance is lowered in the central region of the light emitting surface far from the first electrode terminal portion 12a. This phenomenon also appears more prominently as the light emitting area of the organic EL panel increases.
- the auxiliary electrode 13B may be formed in a pattern as shown in FIG. That is, the curved portion 13b may be formed at the center portion of the first electrode 12.
- auxiliary electrodes 13, 13A and 13B in the present embodiment have a straight straight line portion 13a and a curved curved line portion 13b, and the line width of the curved line portion 13b is the line width of the straight line portion 13a. It is formed by applying a liquid conductive material 130 so as to be wider.
- the increase in tact can be suppressed as compared with the case where the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed only by the straight portion 13a. Can do.
- the pattern of the conductive material 130 can be easily drawn so that the line width of the curved portion 130b is wider than the line width of the straight portion 130a.
- the drawing speed of the dispenser nozzle when drawing the curved portion 130b is slower than the drawing speed of the dispenser nozzle when drawing the linear portion 130a, or the discharge amount of the conductive material 130 when drawing the curved portion 130b.
- the line width of the curved portion 130b can be easily made wider than the line width of the straight portion 130a by increasing the discharge amount of the conductive material 130 when drawing the straight portion 130a.
- the organic EL panel of Example 1 was produced as follows.
- first substrate 11 made of a glass substrate having a thickness of 0.7 mm, a thickness of 150 nm and a sheet resistance of about 10 ⁇ / sq.
- the first electrode 12 made of the ITO film was formed by magnetron sputtering. Thereafter, the first electrode 12 was washed with isopropyl alcohol and pure water.
- a liquid conductive material 130 for example, nano silver paste (NPS-J) manufactured by Harima Chemical Group Co., Ltd.
- NPS-J nano silver paste
- the pattern shown in FIG. 5C was formed by discharging on the (ITO film).
- the liquid conductive material 130 was applied so that the wiring pitch was 2 mm, the line width at the straight portion 130a was 20 ⁇ m, and the maximum line width at the curved portion 130b was 70 ⁇ m.
- an organic layer 14 was formed on the first electrode 12 and the auxiliary electrode 13. Specifically, first, holes made of 4,4′-bis [N- (naphthyl) -N-phenyl-amino] biphenyl ( ⁇ -NPD) are formed on the first electrode 12 so as to cover the auxiliary electrode 13. A transport layer is formed with a thickness of 50 nm. Subsequently, a light emitting layer made of tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) was formed on the hole transport layer with a thickness of 30 nm. Subsequently, an electron transport layer made of BCP was formed with a thickness of 60 nm on the light emitting layer.
- the second electrode 15 was formed on the organic layer 14. Specifically, the second electrode 15 made of an aluminum vapor deposition film was formed with a thickness of 100 nm on the electron transport layer.
- region (light emission surface) of the organic electroluminescent panel in Example 1 is a square of 80 mm x 80 mm.
- the organic EL panel of Example 2 differs from the organic EL panel of Example 1 only in the auxiliary electrode pattern. Specifically, in the organic EL panel of Example 2, the auxiliary electrode 13A having the pattern shown in FIG. 6 is formed. In addition, the wiring pitch of the auxiliary electrode 13A (conductive material 130) in Example 2 is 8 mm.
- the organic EL panel of Example 1 is the same as the organic EL panel except for the auxiliary electrode pattern.
- the organic EL panel of Example 3 also differs from the organic EL panel of Example 1 only in the auxiliary electrode pattern. Specifically, in the organic EL panel of Example 3, the auxiliary electrode 13B having the pattern shown in FIG. 7 is formed. In addition, the wiring pitch of the auxiliary electrode 13B (conductive material 130) in Example 3 is 8 mm.
- the organic EL panel of Example 1 is the same as the organic EL panel except for the auxiliary electrode pattern.
- the organic EL panel of Comparative Example 1 is different from the organic EL panel of Example 1 only in the auxiliary electrode pattern. Specifically, in the organic EL panel of Comparative Example 1, the auxiliary electrode 13X having the pattern shown in FIG. 8 is formed. Specifically, the pattern of the auxiliary electrode 13X has a shape in which only a rectangular frame portion of the pattern of the auxiliary electrode 13 shown in FIG. 2 is formed. The organic EL panel of Example 1 is the same as the organic EL panel except for the auxiliary electrode pattern.
- the organic EL panel of Comparative Example 2 is different from the organic EL panel of Example 1 only in the auxiliary electrode pattern. Specifically, in the organic EL panel of Comparative Example 2, the auxiliary electrode 13Y having the pattern shown in FIG. 9 is formed. Specifically, the pattern of the auxiliary electrode 13Y has a shape formed by only a plurality of linear straight portions that intersect in a lattice pattern. Further, the wiring pitch of the auxiliary electrode 13Y in the comparative example 2 is 2 mm as in the first embodiment.
- the organic EL panel of Example 1 is the same as the organic EL panel except for the auxiliary electrode pattern.
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the luminance unevenness of the light emitting surface of each organic EL panel produced in this way.
- the luminance of each organic EL panel was measured using a two-dimensional luminance meter.
- the numerical value of the level of luminance unevenness is a relative value, and is “5” when the luminance unevenness is the largest and “1” when the luminance unevenness is the smallest.
- the “low luminance part” is a part having a relatively low luminance on the light emitting surface.
- the organic EL panel of Comparative Example 1 has the largest luminance unevenness. Therefore, it can be seen that the organic EL panels of Examples 1 to 3 can suppress luminance unevenness more than the organic EL panel of Comparative Example 1. In particular, it can be seen that the organic EL panel of Example 1 can suppress luminance unevenness more than any other organic EL panel.
- the luminance of the central portion of the light emitting surface was low. This is because in the organic EL panel of Comparative Example 1, the auxiliary electrode is formed only in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the light emitting surface, and the current density at the central portion of the light emitting surface that is far from the electrode terminal portion is low. is there. Further, in the organic EL panels of Examples 2 and 3, since the auxiliary electrode wiring pitch was 8 mm and sparse, the current density at the central portion of the light emitting surface which is far from the electrode terminal portion should be sufficiently increased. It is thought that it was because of the failure.
- the organic EL panels of Comparative Example 1 Comparing the organic EL panels in which the luminance of the central portion of the light emitting surface is reduced (the organic EL panels of Comparative Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3), the organic EL panels of Examples 2 and 3 are organic of Comparative Example 1. It can be seen that the luminance unevenness can be suppressed as compared with the EL panel.
- the luminance unevenness of the organic EL panel of Example 3 can be suppressed more than that of the organic EL panel of Example 2. That is, it can be seen that when the luminance of the central portion of the light emitting surface is lowered, the auxiliary electrode 13 may be formed so that the curved portion 13b is positioned at the central portion of the first electrode 12.
- the luminance at the outer peripheral edge portion of the light emitting surface was low. This is considered to be due to the following reason.
- the wiring pitch of the auxiliary electrodes was 2 mm and dense, the current density at the central portion of the light emitting surface can be increased, and the central portion of the light emitting surface is relatively It is thought that light was emitted with high brightness.
- the outer peripheral edge portion of the light emitting surface is close to the outside air, the temperature tends to decrease, but the temperature of the central portion of the light emitting surface is difficult to decrease.
- the lower the temperature of the organic layer the lower the charge transport property and the lower the luminance. From this, it is considered that the luminance at the outer peripheral edge portion of the light emitting surface is lowered.
- the organic EL panel of Example 1 is the organic EL panel of Comparative Example 2. It can be seen that the luminance unevenness can be suppressed more than the panel. That is, it is understood that the auxiliary electrode 13 may be formed so that the curved portion 13b is positioned in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge of the first electrode 12 when the luminance at the outer peripheral edge portion of the light emitting surface decreases.
- Table 2 shows tacts required for producing auxiliary electrodes in the organic EL panels of Examples 1 to 3 and the organic EL panels of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- the tact of the organic EL panels of Examples 1 to 3 can be shortened as compared with the organic EL panel of Comparative Example 2. This is because, when the auxiliary electrode is formed, the liquid conductive material is folded in a curved shape and directly drawn, so that a decrease in drawing speed can be suppressed as compared with the case of folding at a right angle and directly drawing. it is conceivable that. As described above, according to the organic EL panels of Examples 1 to 3, the effect of reducing the tact can be obtained.
- the auxiliary electrode 13 is formed on the first electrode 12 by forming the auxiliary electrode 13 on the first electrode 12, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Specifically, the auxiliary electrode 13 may be stacked on the first electrode 12 by forming the auxiliary electrode 13 on the first substrate 11 and forming the first electrode 12 thereon.
- the organic EL panel according to the above embodiment can be realized as a lighting device.
- the lighting device includes the organic EL panel in the above embodiment and a power supply circuit that supplies current to the organic EL panel.
- a plurality of organic EL panels may be arranged.
- the organic EL panel according to the above embodiment may be applied to other devices such as a display device in addition to the lighting device.
- the embodiment can be realized by arbitrarily combining the components and functions in each embodiment without departing from the scope of the present invention, or a form obtained by subjecting each embodiment to various modifications conceived by those skilled in the art. Forms are also included in the present invention.
- Organic EL panel 11 First substrate (substrate) 12 1st electrode 12a 1st electrode terminal part 12b 2nd electrode terminal part 13, 13A, 13B, 13X, 13Y Auxiliary electrode 13a, 130a Linear part 13b, 130b Curved part 14 Organic layer 15 Second electrode 16 Second board 17 Seal Resin 130 Conductive material
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Abstract
Description
まず、実施の形態に係る有機ELパネル1の構成について、図1A及び図1Bを用いて説明する。図1Aは、実施の形態に係る有機ELパネルの平面図であり、図1Bは、同有機ELパネルのA-A’線における断面図である。
次に、本実施の形態に係る有機ELパネル1の製造方法について、図4A~図4Dを用いて説明する。図4A~図4Dは、実施の形態に係る有機ELパネルの製造方法における各工程の平面図である。
次に、本実施の形態における有機ELパネル1の効果について、本発明に至った経緯も含めて説明する。
次に、上記有機ELパネル1を実際に作製した実施例1~3における有機ELパネルの輝度ムラ抑制効果及びタクト低減効果と、比較例1、2における有機ELパネルの輝度ムラ抑制効果及びタクト低減効果とについて説明する。
以上、本発明に係る有機EL素子及びその製造方法について、有機ELパネルを例にとって説明したが、本発明は、上記実施の形態に限定されるものではない。
11 第一基板(基板)
12 第一電極
12a 第一電極端子部
12b 第二電極端子部
13、13A、13B、13X、13Y 補助電極
13a、130a 直線部
13b、130b 曲線部
14 有機層
15 第二電極
16 第二基板
17 シール樹脂
130 導電性材料
Claims (7)
- 基板と、
前記基板の上に配置された第一電極と、
発光層を有し、前記第一電極の上に配置された有機層と、
前記有機層の上に配置された第二電極と、
前記第一電極に積層された補助電極とを備え、
前記補助電極は、直線状の直線部と曲線状の曲線部とを有し、
前記曲線部の線幅は、前記直線部の線幅より広い
有機EL素子。 - 前記曲線部は、前記第一電極の外周縁近傍に形成されている
請求項1に記載の有機EL素子。 - 前記曲線部は、前記第一電極の中央部に形成されている
請求項1に記載の有機EL素子。 - 前記直線部から前記曲線部にかけての前記補助電極の線幅は、連続的に広くなっている
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の有機EL素子。 - 基板上に第一電極を形成する工程と、
前記第一電極に積層するように、直線状の直線部と曲線状の曲線部とを有する補助電極を形成する工程と、
前記第一電極の上に、発光層を有する有機層を形成する工程と、
前記有機層の上に第二電極を形成する工程とを含み、
前記補助電極を形成する工程では、前記曲線部の線幅が前記直線部の線幅よりも広くなるように液状の導電性材料を塗布することによって前記補助電極を形成する
有機EL素子の製造方法。 - 前記曲線部及び前記直線部は、前記液状の導電性材料をノズルから吐出することによって描画され、
前記曲線部を描画するときの前記液状の導電性材料の描画速度は、前記直線部を描画するときの前記液状の導電性材料の描画速度よりも遅い
請求項5に記載の有機EL素子の製造方法。 - 前記曲線部及び前記直線部は、前記液状の導電性材料をノズルから吐出することによって描画され、
前記曲線部を描画するときの前記液状の導電性材料の吐出量は、前記直線部を描画するときの前記導電性材料の吐出量よりも多い
請求項5に記載の有機EL素子の製造方法。
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WO2018051617A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-03-22 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
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US20170125724A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
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