WO2016006271A1 - 減速装置 - Google Patents
減速装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016006271A1 WO2016006271A1 PCT/JP2015/056742 JP2015056742W WO2016006271A1 WO 2016006271 A1 WO2016006271 A1 WO 2016006271A1 JP 2015056742 W JP2015056742 W JP 2015056742W WO 2016006271 A1 WO2016006271 A1 WO 2016006271A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- seal
- space
- rotation
- hub
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
- F16H57/0421—Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
- F16H57/0424—Lubricant guiding means in the wall of or integrated with the casing, e.g. grooves, channels, holes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
- B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
- B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0015—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being hydraulic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/029—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for sealing the gearboxes, e.g. to improve airtightness
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/20—Off-Road Vehicles
- B60Y2200/25—Track vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
- B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
- B60Y2200/411—Bulldozers, Graders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/04—Combinations of toothed gearings only
- F16H37/041—Combinations of toothed gearings only for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reduction gear.
- a speed reducer equipped with a sprocket is often used as an endless track traveling device for a work vehicle such as a hydraulic excavator or a bulldozer (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a work vehicle such as a hydraulic excavator or a bulldozer
- an O-ring and a floating seal are used as a seal portion for sealing between a fixed housing and a rotating housing.
- the lubricating oil sump is provided in the upper part of the final reduction gear.
- a pipe is provided from the lubricating oil reservoir to the lower part of the seal portion, and the lubricating oil is supplied to the seal portion by gravity.
- the lubricating oil supplied to the lower part of the seal part is also supplied to the upper part of the seal part by rotation.
- a speed reduction device includes a speed reduction portion, a housing portion, a seal portion, and a recess.
- the housing part has a first housing and a second housing.
- the first housing rotates about the horizontal direction as a rotation axis by the rotation of the output shaft of the drive unit.
- the second housing supports the first housing rotatably.
- the speed reduction part decelerates the rotation of the drive part and transmits it to the first housing and is housed in the housing part.
- the seal portion is disposed between the first housing and the second housing.
- the concave portion is located radially outside the seal portion, is spatially connected to the first housing side of the seal portion, and is formed in an inner portion of the first housing.
- a speed reducer according to a second invention is the speed reducer according to the first invention, further comprising a bearing portion.
- the bearing portion is provided between the second housing and the first housing for rotating the first housing relative to the second housing.
- the bearing portion connects the first space in which the seal portion is disposed and the second space in which the speed reduction portion is disposed so that the lubricating oil can pass therethrough.
- a speed reducer according to a third invention is the speed reducer according to the second invention, further comprising a plurality of communication holes. The plurality of communication holes are formed in the first housing and communicate between the first space and the second space.
- a speed reducer according to a fourth invention is the speed reducer according to the third invention, wherein a plurality of recesses are formed, and the plurality of communication holes are provided to face the plurality of recesses.
- a speed reducer according to a fifth invention is the speed reducer according to the second invention, wherein the second housing has a cylindrical portion, an opening, and a first facing portion.
- the cylindrical portion has a central axis in the horizontal direction.
- the first facing portion is located radially outside the seal portion, and forms a gap facing the first housing.
- the bearing part is arrange
- the first housing has a lid, a hub, and a cover. The lid covers the tip of the cylindrical part.
- the hub is provided on the outer peripheral side of the bearing portion and is connected to the sprocket teeth.
- the cover is provided on the opposite side of the lid portion of the hub.
- the cover includes a second facing portion that faces the first facing portion and forms a gap.
- the first space is formed outside the cylindrical portion and surrounded by the hub, the cover, the bearing portion, and the second housing.
- the recess is formed on the surface of the cover that faces the hub.
- a speed reducer according to a sixth invention is the speed reducer according to the fifth invention, wherein a plurality of recesses are formed, and the plurality of recesses are formed on the same radius from the central axis. Each recess is formed along the circumferential direction.
- a speed reducer according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the speed reducer according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, further comprising a plurality of communication holes formed in the hub and communicating between the first space and the second space. The plurality of communication holes are formed at positions facing the plurality of recesses.
- a speed reducer according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the speed reducer according to any one of the second to seventh aspects, wherein the drive unit is housed in the second housing.
- the speed reducer is housed in the first housing.
- the second space is formed inside the first housing.
- the rotation side housing rotates around the output shaft.
- Sectional drawing which shows the final reduction gear apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded view of main parts showing the final reduction gear in FIG. 2.
- sticker part vicinity of FIG. The front view which looked at the stationary side housing of the final reduction gear device of FIG. 2 from the vehicle width direction outer side.
- A)-(e) The figure which shows the hub of the final reduction gear of FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the hub of the final reduction gear of FIG. (A)-(e)
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing a bulldozer 1 using a final reduction gear device according to the present embodiment.
- the bulldozer 1 according to the present embodiment includes a vehicle main body 2, a work implement 3, and a traveling device 4.
- the vehicle body 2 mainly includes a cab 11, an engine, a cooling device 13, and the like.
- the cab 11 includes a seat for an operator of the work vehicle to sit, a lever for various operations, a pedal, and instruments.
- the engine is disposed in front of the cab 11 and is covered with an engine cover 12.
- the cooling device 13 is disposed behind the cab 11.
- the cooling device 13 includes, for example, a radiator that cools the coolant of the engine, an oil cooler that cools hydraulic oil, and a cooling fan that generates an air flow.
- the front-rear direction means the front-rear direction of the bulldozer 1.
- the front-rear direction means the front-rear direction viewed from the operator seated on the cab 11.
- the left-right direction means a left-right direction viewed from an operator seated on the cab 11.
- the vehicle width direction of the bulldozer 1 means either the left direction or the right direction described above.
- the work machine 3 is provided in front of the engine cover 12.
- the work machine 3 includes a blade 14 and a blade drive mechanism 15.
- the blade drive mechanism 15 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 16, and the blade 14 is operated by the hydraulic cylinder 16.
- the traveling device 4 includes a crawler belt 17, a track frame 18, an idler 19, and a sprocket 5.
- the sprocket 5 has a sprocket tooth 21 provided on the outer periphery, a final reduction gear 20 (an example of a reduction gear) provided inside, and a hydraulic motor 22 (see FIG. 2 described later).
- the crawler belts 17 are provided on the left and right sides of the vehicle body 2 and are endless.
- the track frame 18 is disposed along the vehicle front-rear direction.
- the idler 19 is rotatably supported at the front end of the track frame 18.
- the final reduction gear 20 is fixed to the rear end of the track frame 18.
- the sprocket teeth 21 are attached to the final reduction gear 20.
- a crawler belt 17 is wound around the idler 19 and the sprocket 5.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the final reduction gear 20 of the present embodiment as viewed from the rear of the bulldozer 1.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the arrangement of main components of the final reduction gear 20. In FIG. 3, components of the speed reduction unit 33 and other configurations are omitted as appropriate. 2 and 3 and the following drawings show the final reduction gear 20 on the left side surface, the left side in FIGS.
- the outside in the vehicle width direction means a direction away from the center line extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle body 2 passing through the center in the width direction in plan view
- the inside in the vehicle width direction means a direction approaching the center line.
- the final reduction gear 20 of the present embodiment mainly includes a housing part 30, a reduction part 33, a seal part 34, an oil scraping part 35, a bearing part 36, and a plurality of communication holes. 47e.
- the housing part 30 houses the hydraulic motor 22 and the speed reducing part 33.
- the housing part 30 includes a stationary housing 31 and a rotating housing 32.
- the hydraulic motor 22 is housed in the fixed housing 31.
- the stationary housing 31 supports the rotating housing 32 in a rotatable manner.
- a speed reducing portion 33 is accommodated in the rotation side housing 32.
- the speed reducer 33 decelerates the rotation of the hydraulic motor 22 and transmits it to the rotation side housing 32.
- the seal portion 34 seals the gap G between the stationary housing 31 and the rotating housing 32 and prevents the lubricating oil from leaking.
- the oil scraping part 35 scoops up lubricating oil on the upper part of the seal part 34.
- the bearing portion 36 is disposed around the stationary housing 31 and enables the rotating housing 32 to rotate.
- the plurality of communication holes 47e communicate between the storage space S1 in which the speed reducing portion 33 is disposed and the seal arrangement space S2 in which the seal portion 34 is disposed.
- FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2 and shows the vicinity of a seal portion 34 to be described later.
- FIG. 5 is a front view of the fixed housing 31 as viewed from the outside in the vehicle width direction.
- the stationary housing 31 is fixed to the track frame 18 (see FIG. 3) and houses the hydraulic motor 22.
- the hydraulic motor 22 has an output shaft 22a disposed in the horizontal direction.
- the stationary housing 31 rotatably supports the output shaft 22a of the hydraulic motor 22 via bearings 40 and 41.
- the fixed-side housing 31 mainly has a cylindrical portion 42, a fixed-side facing portion 43, a protruding portion 44, an outer edge portion 45, and a tip surface 50.
- the cylindrical portion 42 is a cylindrical member having a central axis O in the horizontal direction and covers the hydraulic motor 22.
- the central axis O coincides with the center of the output shaft 22a.
- the outer side in the vehicle width direction of the cylindrical portion 42 is closed by a front end face 50 in which an opening is formed as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5.
- an opening is formed in the vicinity of the front end surface 50 of the cylindrical portion 42, and components of the speed reduction portion 33 described later are exposed from the opening.
- the radially inner side and the radially outer side refer to an inner side (side approaching the central axis O) and an outer side (side away from the central axis O) with respect to the central axis O.
- a protruding portion 44 is formed on the proximal end side of the tubular portion 42 so as to protrude radially outward from the tubular portion 42.
- the protruding portion 44 is formed over one circumference of the cylindrical portion 42.
- the fixed side facing portion 43 is a portion facing the rotation side housing 32.
- the fixed-side facing portion 43 is formed so as to protrude outward from the protruding portion 44 in the vehicle width direction.
- a space is formed between the inner peripheral surface 43a of the fixed-side facing portion 43 and the outer peripheral surface 42a of the cylindrical portion 42 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, and a seal portion 34 described later is disposed in this space. This constitutes a part of the seal arrangement space S2.
- the inner peripheral surface 43a on the inner side in the radial direction of the fixed side facing portion 43 is inclined so that the diameter increases from the inner side to the outer side in the vehicle width direction as shown in FIG.
- the fixed-side facing portion 43 has a groove 43b at the tip.
- the fixed-side facing portion 43 is formed in an annular shape, and a groove portion 43b is formed in an annular shape in the annular portion. In FIG. 5, the grooves 43b are hatched for easy understanding.
- a protrusion 48b of the rotation side housing 32 described later is inserted into the groove 43b in a non-contact manner to form a so-called labyrinth structure.
- the outer edge portion 45 is located on the radially outer side of the fixed-side facing portion 43 and the protruding portion 44.
- the upper outer edge portion 45 in FIG. 2 is formed so as to cover the fixed-side facing portion 43 and the protruding portion 44.
- the rotation-side housing 32 is a cylindrical member whose tip is closed, and includes a lid portion 46, a hub 47, and a cover 48 as shown in FIGS.
- the rotation-side housing 32 is provided so as to cover the fixed-side housing 31 from the outside.
- the central axis of the rotation side housing 32 coincides with the central axis O of the fixed side housing 31.
- the lid 46 covers the tip of the stationary housing 31.
- the lid 46 includes a disk-shaped first member 51 and a cylindrical second member 52.
- the first member 51 is disposed on the outer side in the vehicle width direction than the fixed-side housing 31.
- the first member 51 is arranged so that its main surface is substantially perpendicular to the output shaft 22a.
- the second member 52 is fixed to the first member 51 with a bolt.
- the second member 52 is formed with an edge 52e that protrudes radially outward at the inner end in the vehicle width direction.
- the edge portion 52 e is a portion connected to the hub 47.
- the second member 52 is disposed so as to overlap the cylindrical portion 42 of the stationary housing 31 when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the central axis O. (1-5-1. Hub)
- the hub 47 is a part of the rotation-side housing 32 and is disposed between the lid portion 46 and the cover 48 in the central axis O direction.
- the hub 47 is an annular member for supporting the sprocket teeth 21, and is disposed on the inner side in the vehicle width direction than the lid portion 46.
- the hub 47 is fixed to the edge portion 52e of the lid portion 46 by bolts.
- the hub 47 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 42 via the bearing portion 36.
- the hub 47 includes a communication hole 47e extending in the direction of the central axis O in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface.
- the communication hole 47e communicates between a storage space S1 and a seal arrangement space S2 of the speed reduction unit 33 described later.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are a plan view and a perspective view of the hub 47 as viewed from the outside in the vehicle width direction.
- FIG. 6C is a view of the hub 47 viewed from the rear of the vehicle body.
- FIG. 6D and FIG. 6E are a plan view and a perspective view of the hub 47 viewed from the inner side in the vehicle width direction.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the hub 47 as viewed from the rear of the vehicle body 2.
- a contact portion 47g protruding outward in the vehicle width direction is formed in an annular shape on the outer side surface 47a of the hub 47 in the vehicle width direction outer side as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (c) and FIG. Yes.
- the abutting portion 47g abuts on the edge portion 52e of the second member 52.
- a plurality of bolt holes 47b for connecting to the second member 52 are formed in the contact portion 47g.
- a contact portion 47h protruding inward in the vehicle width direction is formed in an annular shape.
- a plurality of bolt holes 47d for connecting to the cover 48 are formed in the contact portion 47h.
- An inclined surface 47i is formed on the outer side surface 47a of the hub 47 and radially inward of the contact portion 47g. As shown in FIG. 4, the inclined surface 47 i is not in contact with the second member 52 and the cylindrical portion 42, and faces the storage space S ⁇ b> 1 described later.
- the hub 47 is formed with a communication hole 47e communicating from the inclined surface 47i to the inner side surface 47c.
- the opening of the communication hole 47e in the inclined surface 47i is shown as 47e1
- the opening of the communication hole 47e in the inner surface 47c is shown as 47e2.
- the communication hole 47e is formed in parallel with the central axis O.
- a plurality of communication holes 47e are formed on the same radius with the central axis O as a reference.
- the opening 47e2 is provided on the inner side surface 47c on the radially inner side of the contact portion 47h.
- the outer peripheral edge portion 47j of the hub 47 is formed radially outward as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and the sprocket teeth 21 are attached thereto.
- the outer peripheral edge portion 47j is provided with a plurality of bolt holes 47f formed in parallel with the central axis O direction along the circumferential direction.
- the sprocket teeth 21 are formed with a plurality of bolt holes 21a as shown in FIG. The sprocket teeth 21 are fixed to the hub 47 by bolts through the bolt holes 21a.
- the cover 48 is a member that covers the inside of the hub 47 in the vehicle width direction, and is fixed to the hub 47 with bolts.
- the cover 48 has a rotation side facing portion 49 on the inner side in the vehicle width direction.
- FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are a plan view and a perspective view of the cover 48 as viewed from the outside in the vehicle width direction.
- FIG. 8C is a view of the cover 48 viewed from the rear of the vehicle body.
- FIG. 8D and FIG. 8E are a plan view and a perspective view of the cover 48 viewed from the inner side in the vehicle width direction.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the cover 48 as viewed from the rear of the vehicle body 2.
- the cover 48 has an annular shape and is disposed inside the hub 47.
- the cover 48 forms a surface of the rotary housing 32 that faces the protruding portion 44 of the fixed housing 31.
- the seal portion 34 and the cylindrical portion 42 of the stationary housing 31 are disposed.
- an annular projecting portion 48b projecting inward in the vehicle width direction is formed on the inner side surface 48a of the cover 48 in the vehicle width direction inside. Yes.
- the protrusion 48b is inserted in the groove 43b in a non-contact manner as shown in FIG.
- a rotation-side facing portion 49 that faces the fixed-side facing portion 43 is formed by the projecting portion 48b and the radially inner and outer portions of the projecting portion 48b.
- the fixed-side facing portion 43 and the rotation-side facing portion 49 are formed so as to overlap each other when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the central axis O, thereby forming a labyrinth structure.
- a gap G is formed between the fixed-side facing portion 43 and the rotation-side facing portion 49 that face each other in the direction parallel to the central axis O.
- the labyrinth structure prevents foreign matter from entering the final reduction gear 20.
- the cover 48 is formed with a plurality of bolt holes 48c for fastening to the hub 47 with bolts on the radially outer side of the protrusion 48b. Further, as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C and FIG. 9, the outer surface 48d of the cover 48 on the outer side in the vehicle width direction protrudes outward in the vehicle width direction on the radially inner side of the bolt hole 48c.
- the protruding portion 48e is formed.
- the protrusion 48e is formed in an annular shape.
- the protruding portion 48e contacts the inner side surface 47c of the hub 47.
- a plurality of recesses 48f are formed along the protrusion 48e on the radially inner side of the protrusion 48e. The recess 48f will be further described later.
- an inclined surface 48 g is formed at the inner edge of the cover 48 on the inner side in the vehicle width direction.
- the inclined surface 48g is inclined so that the diameter decreases from the inner side to the outer side in the vehicle width direction.
- the speed reduction part 33 is stored in a storage space S ⁇ b> 1 formed inside the rotation side housing 32.
- the speed reducing unit 33 mainly includes a first sun gear 61, a first planet carrier 62, a first planet gear 63, a second sun gear 64, a second planet gear 65, a second planet carrier 66, and a ring gear. 67.
- the first sun gear 61 is attached to a first sun gear shaft 61 a provided at the end of the output shaft 22 a of the hydraulic motor 22.
- the ring gear 67 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the second member 52 of the rotation side housing 32.
- the first planetary gear 63 meshes with the first sun gear 61 and the ring gear 67.
- the first planet carrier 62 rotatably supports the first planet gear 63.
- the first planet carrier 62 meshes with the second sun gear 64.
- the first sun gear 61, the first planet carrier 62, the first planet gear 63, and the ring gear 67 constitute a first stage planetary reduction mechanism.
- the second sun gear 64 is loosely fitted to the output shaft 22a.
- the second planetary gear 65 meshes with the second sun gear 64 and the ring gear 67.
- the second planet carrier 66 rotatably supports the second planet gear 65.
- the second planet carrier 66 is formed integrally with the stationary housing 31.
- the second sun gear 64, the second planetary gear 65, the second planet carrier 66, and the ring gear 67 constitute a second stage planetary reduction mechanism.
- the rotation of the output shaft 22a of the hydraulic motor 22 is decelerated and transmitted to the rotation-side housing 32 by the deceleration unit 33 as described above, and the rotation-side housing 32 rotates. Further, in the storage space S1 in which the speed reduction unit 33 is stored, lubricating oil L for lubricating the speed reduction unit 33 is stored. The lubricating oil L is stored up to about half the height of the rotation side housing 32.
- the seal portion 34 is located on the radially inner side of the labyrinth structure described above, seals the gap G formed by the fixed-side facing portion 43 and the rotation-side facing portion 49, and prevents the lubricating oil L from leaking. As shown in FIG. 4, the seal portion 34 is disposed on the radially inner side of the gap G.
- the seal portion 34 has a pair of fixed side seal ring 71 and a rotation side seal ring 72, and a pair of fixed side O ring 73 and a rotation side O ring 74.
- the stationary O-ring 73 is a nitrile rubber ring having a circular cross section.
- the fixed-side O-ring 73 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface 43a of the fixed-side facing portion 43 described above.
- a fixed-side seal ring 71 is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the fixed-side O-ring 73.
- the rotation side O-ring 74 is a nitrile rubber ring having a circular cross section.
- the rotation-side O-ring 74 is in contact with the inclined surface 48g of the cover 48 described above.
- a rotation-side seal ring 72 is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the rotation-side O-ring 74.
- the fixed-side seal ring 71 is made of metal, has an inclined surface 71a that is inclined so as to face the inner peripheral surface 43a, and that contacts the fixed-side O-ring, and a slidable contact surface 71b that slidably contacts the rotary-side seal ring 72. .
- the slidable contact surface 71 b is disposed substantially perpendicular to the central axis O.
- the rotation-side seal ring 72 is made of metal, has an inclined surface 72 a that is inclined so as to face the inclined surface 48 g, abuts against the fixed-side O-ring, and a slidable contact surface 72 b that slidably contacts the fixed-side seal ring 71.
- the slidable contact surface 72b is disposed substantially perpendicular to the central axis O.
- the seal part 34 is called a floating seal.
- the sliding surface 72b provides sealing performance.
- the rotation side housing 32 rotates by driving the hydraulic motor 22
- the rotation side O-ring 74 and the rotation side seal ring 72 rotate together with the rotation side housing 32.
- the fixed-side O-ring 73 and the fixed-side seal ring 71 are fixed to the fixed-side housing 31.
- the rotation-side seal ring 72 rotates while sliding with respect to the fixed-side seal ring 71, so that the rotation-side housing 32 can rotate with respect to the fixed-side housing 31 in a state where the sealing is maintained.
- the seal portion 34 has a substantially annular shape surrounded by a cover 48, a hub 47, a bearing portion 36, which will be described later, and a fixed-side housing 31 (particularly, the cylindrical portion 42, the protruding portion 44, and the fixed-side facing portion 43). It is arranged in the seal arrangement space S2.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the seal arrangement space S2. FIG. 10 is the same view as FIG. 4, but the seal arrangement space S2 is hatched for explanation.
- the bearing portion 36 mainly includes a first bearing 53 and a second bearing 54 as shown in FIGS.
- the first bearing 53 and the second bearing 54 are disposed on the outer peripheral surface 42 a of the cylindrical portion 42 of the fixed side housing 31.
- a hub 47 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the first bearing 53 and the second bearing 54.
- the first bearing 53 is disposed on the inner side in the vehicle width direction of the hub 47 and on the inner side in the radial direction of the hub 47.
- a step 42b is formed in the cylindrical portion 42 near the radially inner side of the fixed-side facing portion 43 as shown in FIG. 4, and the first bearing 53 is in contact with the step 42b.
- the second bearing 54 is disposed on the outer side in the vehicle width direction of the hub 47 and on the inner side in the radial direction of the hub 47.
- the bearing portion 36 divides the space formed by the stationary housing 31 and the rotating housing 32 into a seal placement space S2 in which the seal portion 34 is generally disposed and a storage space S1 in which the speed reduction portion 33 is accommodated.
- the bearing portion 36 is connected so that the lubricating oil L is movable between the divided seal arrangement space S2 and the storage space S1.
- (1-9. Oil scraping part) As shown in FIG. 4, the oil scraping portion 35 is provided on the cover 48 so as to face the seal arrangement space S2.
- the oil scraping portion 35 has a plurality of concave portions 48 f formed in the cover 48. As shown in FIGS.
- the plurality of recesses 48f are formed on the radially inner side of the projecting portion 48e that is an outer surface 48d and is formed in an annular shape. .
- the recess 48f is formed so that its depth direction Z (see FIG. 9) is parallel to the central axis O.
- the recess 48f is formed on a surface of the cover 48 that faces the inside of the rotation side housing 32 and extends in the radial direction.
- the recessed part 48f is provided in the radial direction outer side of the seal part 34, as shown in FIG.
- the plurality of recesses 48f are formed over the circumference on the same radius with the central axis O as the center.
- Each of the recesses 48f is formed to be curved along the circumferential direction when viewed from the front.
- the oil scraping portion 35 is formed by repeating the unevenness in an annular shape.
- the uneven shape repeated in an annular shape faces the seal arrangement space S2.
- the recess 48f is disposed so as to face the communication hole 47e described above. Specifically, the opening 47e2 on the inner surface 47c side of the communication hole 47e and the recess 48f face each other.
- the lubricating oil L is supplied over the entire seal portion 34 arranged in the seal arrangement space S2, and the seal portion 34 can be cooled. For this reason, the lifetimes of the fixed-side O-ring 73 and the rotation-side O-ring 74 of the seal portion 34 can be extended.
- the rotation-side housing 32 rotates, the lubricating oil L in the storage space S1 is supplied to the seal arrangement space S2 via the bearing portion 36 as shown by an arrow A in FIG.
- the lubricating oil L supplied to the seal arrangement space S2 is returned to the storage space S1 through the communication hole 47e (see arrow B).
- the communication hole 47e By providing the communication hole 47e in this way, the lubricating oil L can easily come out from the seal arrangement space S2 to the storage space S1 side. Therefore, it becomes easy for the lubricating oil L to flow from the storage space S1 to the seal arrangement space S2.
- a path for the lubricating oil L to circulate is formed between the storage space S1 and the seal arrangement space S2 (arrow A and arrow B), so that the lubricating oil L is arranged in the seal arrangement even when the seal arrangement space S2 is narrow. It is supplied into the space S2.
- the lubricating oil L flows into the seal arrangement space S2 through the bearing portion 36 and flows out from the communication hole 47e.
- the lubricating oil L communicates depending on the rotation speed, the internal shape, and the like. There may be a case where the gas flows into the seal arrangement space S2 through the hole 47e and flows out to the storage space S1 through the bearing portion 36.
- the formation of the circulation path facilitates the flow of the lubricating oil L into the seal arrangement space S2.
- the final reduction gear 20 (an example of a reduction gear) according to the present embodiment includes a housing part 30, a reduction part 33, a seal part 34, and a recess 48f.
- the rotation side housing 32 (an example of the first housing) that rotates with the output shaft 22a of the hydraulic motor 22 (an example of a drive unit) as a central axis O (an example of the rotation shaft) and the rotation side housing 32 rotate.
- a fixed-side housing 31 (an example of a second housing) that can be supported.
- the speed reducer 33 decelerates the rotation of the hydraulic motor 22 and transmits it to the rotary housing 32 and is housed in the housing 30.
- the seal portion 34 is disposed between the rotation side housing 32 and the fixed side housing 31.
- the recess 48 f is located on the radially outer side of the seal portion 34, is spatially connected to the rotation side housing 32 side of the seal portion 34, and is formed in an inner portion of the rotation side housing 32.
- the lubricating oil L stored in the lower space S20 in the seal placement space S2 is scraped into the upper space S21 in the seal placement space S2. Can be raised. Thereby, the lubricating oil L can be supplied to the upper part of the seal portion 34 arranged in the seal arrangement space S2. For this reason, the lubricating oil L can be supplied over the entire seal portion 34.
- the final reduction gear device 20 of the present embodiment further includes a bearing portion 36.
- the bearing portion 36 is provided between the stationary housing 31 and the rotating housing 32 in order to rotate the rotating housing 32 with respect to the stationary housing 31.
- the bearing portion 36 is connected so that the lubricating oil L can pass through the storage space S1 (an example of the second space) in which the speed reducing portion 33 is arranged and the seal arrangement space S2 (an example of the first space) in which the seal portion 34 is arranged. To do.
- the seal arrangement space S2 is connected to the storage space S1 in which the speed reducing portion 33 is stored through the bearing portion 36.
- the seal arrangement space S2 is lubricated from the storage space S1 to the upper part. Oil L is difficult to be supplied. However, the lubricating oil L can be supplied also to the upper part of the seal part 34 by providing the oil scraping part 35 as described above.
- the final reduction gear device 20 of the present embodiment further includes a plurality of communication holes 47e.
- the plurality of communication holes 47e are formed in the rotation-side housing 32 and communicate between the seal arrangement space S2 and the storage space S1.
- a plurality of recesses 48f are formed, and the plurality of communication holes 47e are provided to face the plurality of recesses 48f.
- the fixed-side housing 31 includes a cylindrical portion 42 and a fixed-side facing portion 43 (an example of a first facing portion).
- the cylindrical portion 42 has a central axis O in the horizontal direction.
- the fixed-side facing portion 43 is located radially outside the seal portion 34 and faces the rotation-side housing 32 to form a gap G.
- the bearing portion 36 is disposed around the cylindrical portion 42.
- the rotation-side housing 32 includes a lid portion 46, a hub 47, and a cover 48.
- the lid part 46 covers the tip of the cylindrical part 42.
- the hub 47 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the bearing portion 36 and is connected to the sprocket teeth 21.
- the cover 48 is provided on the opposite side of the lid portion 46 of the hub 47.
- the cover 48 includes a rotation-side facing portion 49 (an example of a second facing portion) that faces the fixed-side facing portion 43 and forms a gap G.
- the seal arrangement space S ⁇ b> 2 is formed outside the cylindrical portion 42 and surrounded by the cover 48, the hub 47, the bearing portion 36, and the stationary housing 31.
- the recess 48 f is formed on the outer surface 48 d of the cover 48 that faces the hub 47.
- the lubricating oil L can be supplied to the upper part of the seal part 34 arranged in the seal arrangement space S2 formed inside the hub 47 in the vehicle width direction. For this reason, the lubricating oil L can be supplied over the entire seal portion 34.
- a plurality of recesses 48f are formed, and the plurality of recesses 48f are formed on the same radius from the central axis O. Each recess 48f is formed along the circumferential direction.
- the hydraulic motor 22 is housed in the stationary housing 31.
- the speed reducing unit 33 is accommodated in the rotation side housing 32.
- the storage space S ⁇ b> 1 is formed inside the rotation side housing 32.
- the rotation side housing 32 rotates around the output shaft 22a.
- the oil scraping portion 35 has a plurality of recesses 48f formed on the outer side surface 48d of the cover 48, but the recesses 48f may not be formed on the outer side surface 48d.
- a recess 48f ′ may be formed on the radially inner side of the protrusion 48e.
- the concave portion 48f ′ is formed so that its depth direction is perpendicular to the central axis O.
- the oil scraping portion 35 is provided on the cover 48, but may be provided on the hub 47 as shown in FIG.
- a plurality of recesses 47k are formed on the inner surface 47c of the hub 47 at a position facing the seal arrangement space S2.
- the plurality of recesses 47k are provided between the communication holes 47e.
- the communication holes 47e and the recesses 48f may be alternately arranged.
- the communication hole 47e is formed in parallel with the central axis O, but may be inclined.
- the communication hole 47e may be formed so that the opening 47e1 side is located on the outer peripheral side of the opening 47e2 side.
- the hydraulic steering device The oil scraping portion 35 and the communication hole 47e may be provided as described above for the final reduction gear of the HSS (Hydrostatic Steering System).
- the bulldozer 1 has been described as an example of the work vehicle.
- the embodiment is not limited to the bulldozer, and may be a hydraulic excavator, for example.
- the reduction gear according to the present invention has the effect of supplying lubricating oil over the entire circumference of the seal portion, and can be widely applied as a final reduction gear for work vehicles such as bulldozers and hydraulic excavators.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1に示す終減速装置では、固定されているハウジングと回転するハウジングの間を封止するためのシール部としてOリングおよびフローティングシールが用いられている。そして、シール部を冷却するために、終減速装置の上部に潤滑油溜りが設けられている。潤滑油溜りからシール部の下部まで配管が設けられており、重力によって潤滑油がシール部へと供給される。そして、シール部の下部に供給された潤滑油は、回転によってシール部の上部にも供給される。
しかしながら、上記従来の減速装置では、シール部の配置されている空間が狭い場合には、シール部の下部から上部まで潤滑油が十分に供給されないときがある。潤滑油が十分に供給されない場合、シール部の上部が十分に冷却されない。
本発明の目的は、従来の減速装置の課題を考慮して、シール部の全周にわたって潤滑油を供給可能な減速装置を提供することを目的とする。
(課題を解決するための手段)
第1の発明に係る減速装置は、減速部と、ハウジング部と、シール部と、凹部と、を備えている。ハウジング部は、第1ハウジングと第2ハウジングとを有する。第1ハウジングは、駆動部の出力軸の回転によって水平方向を回転軸として回転する。第2ハウジングは、第1ハウジングを回転可能に支持する。減速部は、駆動部の回転を減速して第1ハウジングに伝達しハウジング部に収納されている。シール部は、第1ハウジングと第2ハウジングの間に配置される。凹部は、シール部より径方向外側に位置し、シール部の第1ハウジング側と空間的につながり、第1ハウジングの内側部分に形成されている。
第3の発明に係る減速装置は、第2の発明に係る減速装置であって、複数の連通孔を更に備えている。複数の連通孔は、第1ハウジングに形成され、第1空間と第2空間の間を連通する。
第5の発明に係る減速装置は、第2の発明に係る減速装置であって、第2ハウジングは、筒状部と、開口部と、第1対向部とを有する。筒状部は、水平方向に中心軸を有する。第1対向部は、シール部より径方向外側に位置し、第1ハウジングと対向して隙間を形成する。ベアリング部は、筒状部の周囲に配置されている。第1ハウジングは、蓋部と、ハブと、カバーとを有する。蓋部は、筒状部の先端を覆う。ハブは、ベアリング部の外周側に設けられ、スプロケットティースと接続される。カバーは、ハブの蓋部の反対側に設けられる。カバーは、第1対向部に対向し隙間を形成する第2対向部を含む。第1空間は、筒状部の外側であって、ハブ、カバー、ベアリング部および第2ハウジングによって囲まれて形成されている。凹部は、カバーのハブに対向する面に形成されている。
第7の発明に係る減速装置は、第6の発明に係る減速装置であって、ハブに形成され、第1空間と第2空間の間を連通する複数の連通孔を更に備える。複数の連通孔は、複数の凹部に対向する位置に形成されている。
(発明の効果)
本発明によれば、シール部の全体にわたって潤滑油を供給可能な減速装置を提供することが出来る。
<1.構成>
(1-1.ブルドーザの全体構成)
図1は、本実施の形態に係る終減速装置を用いたブルドーザ1を示す側面図である。本実施の形態のブルドーザ1は、車両本体2と、作業機3と、走行装置4とを備えている。
(1-2.走行装置)
走行装置4は、履帯17と、トラックフレーム18と、アイドラ19と、スプロケット5とを有している。スプロケット5は、外周に設けられたスプロケットティース21と、内部に設けられた終減速装置20(減速装置の一例)並びに油圧モータ22(後述する図2参照)とを有している。履帯17は、車両本体2の左右に設けられており、無端状である。トラックフレーム18は、車両前後方向に沿って配設されている。アイドラ19は、トラックフレーム18の前端に回転可能に支持されている。終減速装置20は、トラックフレーム18の後端に固定されている。スプロケットティース21は、終減速装置20に取り付けられている。アイドラ19とスプロケット5に履帯17が巻き掛けられている。
(1-3.油圧モータ、終減速装置の概要)
図2は、本実施の形態の終減速装置20をブルドーザ1の後方から視た断面図である。図3は、終減速装置20の主要部品の配置を示す分解斜視図である。図3では、減速部33の構成部品、他の構成を適宜省略している。図2、図3および以下の図では、左側面側の終減速装置20を示しているため、図2および図3における左側は、車幅方向外側に対応し、右側は車幅方向内側に対応する。ここで、車幅方向外側は、平面視で幅方向中心を通る車両本体2の前後方向に延びる中心線から車幅方向に離れる方向を意味し、車幅方向内側とは中心線に近づく方向を意味する。
ハウジング部30は、油圧モータ22および減速部33を収納する。ハウジング部30は、固定側ハウジング31と、回転側ハウジング32を有する。
(1-4.固定側ハウジング)
図4は、図2の部分拡大図であって、後述するシール部34近傍を示す図である。図5は、固定側ハウジング31を車幅方向外側から見た正面図である。
固定側ハウジング31は、トラックフレーム18(図3参照)に固定されており、油圧モータ22を収納する。油圧モータ22は、図2に示すように出力軸22aが水平方向に配置されている。固定側ハウジング31は、軸受40、41を介して油圧モータ22の出力軸22aを回転可能に支持している。
固定側対向部43は、回転側ハウジング32に対向する部分である。固定側対向部43は、突出部44から車幅方向外側に向かって突出するように形成されている。固定側対向部43の内周面43aと筒状部42の外周面42aの間には、図2および図4に示すように空間が形成されており、この空間は後述するシール部34が配置されるシール配置空間S2の一部を構成する。
外縁部45は、固定側対向部43および突出部44の径方向外側に位置している。図2における上方の外縁部45は、固定側対向部43および突出部44を覆うように形成されている。
回転側ハウジング32は、先端が閉じられた円筒状の部材であって、図2及び図3に示すように蓋部46と、ハブ47と、カバー48と、を有する。回転側ハウジング32は、固定側ハウジング31を外側から覆うように設けられている。回転側ハウジング32の中心軸は、固定側ハウジング31の中心軸Oと一致する。
(1-5-1.ハブ)
ハブ47は、回転側ハウジング32の一部分であり、中心軸O方向で蓋部46とカバー48との間に配置される。
ハブ47は、蓋部46の縁部52eにボルトによって固定される。ハブ47は、筒状部42の外周面にベアリング部36を介して配置されている。
ハブ47は、内周面近傍に中心軸O方向に延びる連通孔47eを備える。連通孔47eは、後述の減速部33の収納空間S1とシール配置空間S2との間を連通する。
ハブ47の車幅方向外側の外側面47aには、図6(a)~(c)および図7に示すように車幅方向外側に向かって突出した当接部47gが円環状に形成されている。この当接部47gは、第2部材52の縁部52eと当接する。当接部47gには、第2部材52と接続するための複数のボルト孔47bが形成されている。
ハブ47の外側面47aであって当接部47gの径方向内側には、傾斜面47iが形成されている。この傾斜面47iは、図4に示すように第2部材52および筒状部42とは当接しておらず、後述する収納空間S1に面している。
カバー48は、ハブ47の車幅方向内側を覆う部材であり、ハブ47にボルトによって固定されている。カバー48は、車幅方向内側に回転側対向部49を有している。
図8(a)と図8(b)は、車幅方向外側からカバー48を見た平面図と斜視図である。図8(c)は、車両本体後方からカバー48を見た図である。図8(d)と図8(e)は、車幅方向内側からカバー48を見た平面図と斜視図である。また、図9は、車両本体2の後方からカバー48を見た断面図である。
(1-6.減速部)
減速部33は、回転側ハウジング32の内側に形成される収納空間S1に収納されている。減速部33は、図2に示すように主に第1サンギア61、第1遊星キャリア62、第1遊星ギア63、第2サンギア64、第2遊星ギア65、第2遊星キャリア66、およびリングギア67を有している。
また、減速部33が収納されている収納空間S1には、減速部33を潤滑するための潤滑油Lが貯留されている。潤滑油Lは、回転側ハウジング32の約半分の高さまで貯留されている。
シール部34は、上述のラビリンス構造の径方向内側にあり、固定側対向部43と回転側対向部49によって形成される隙間Gを封止し、潤滑油Lが漏れることを防止する。
シール部34は、図4に示すように隙間Gの径方向内側に配置されている。シール部34は、一対の固定側シールリング71および回転側シールリング72と、一対の固定側Oリング73及び回転側Oリング74とを有する。
回転側Oリング74は、断面が円形のニトリルゴム製リングである。回転側Oリング74は、上述したカバー48の傾斜面48gに当接している。回転側Oリング74の内周側に回転側シールリング72が配置されている。
回転側シールリング72は金属製であり、傾斜面48gと対向するように傾斜し、固定側Oリングに当接する傾斜面72aと、固定側シールリング71に摺接する摺接面72bとを有する。摺接面72bは、中心軸Oに対して略垂直に配置されている。
油圧モータ22の駆動によって回転側ハウジング32が回転すると、回転側Oリング74および回転側シールリング72は、回転側ハウジング32とともに回転する。一方、固定側Oリング73および固定側シールリング71は、固定側ハウジング31に固定されている。そして、回転側シールリング72が固定側シールリング71に対して摺動しながら回転することによって、封止が保たれた状態で回転側ハウジング32が固定側ハウジング31に対して回転できる。
ベアリング部36は、図2~図4に示すように主に第1ベアリング53と第2ベアリング54を有する。
第1ベアリング53と第2ベアリング54は、固定側ハウジング31の筒状部42の外周面42aに配置されている。第1ベアリング53と第2ベアリング54の外周側にはハブ47が配置されている。
第2ベアリング54は、ハブ47の車幅方向外側の端側であってハブ47の径方向内側に配置されている。
(1-9.油掻き部)
油掻き部35は、図4に示すようにシール配置空間S2に面するようにカバー48に設けられている。油掻き部35は、カバー48に形成された複数の凹部48fを有している。図4、図8(a)、(b)および図9に示すように、複数の凹部48fは、外側面48dであって円環状に形成された突出部48eの径方向内側に形成されている。凹部48fは、その深さ方向Z(図9参照)が中心軸Oと平行に形成されている。凹部48fは、カバー48の回転側ハウジング32の内部に面して径方向に延びる面に形成されている。また、凹部48fは、図4に示すようにシール部34の径方向外側に設けられている。複数の凹部48fは、図8(a)に示すように中心軸Oを中心として同一半径上に一周にわたって形成されている。それぞれの凹部48fは、正面視において円周方向に沿うように湾曲して形成されている。
また、凹部48fは、上述した連通孔47eと対向するように配置されている。詳細には、連通孔47eの内側面47c側の開口47e2と凹部48fが対向している。
以下の動作では、潤滑油の流れを中心に説明する。
回転側ハウジング32が回転していない静止状態において減速部33が収納されている収納空間S1には約半分の高さまで潤滑油Lが貯留されている。このため、円環状のシール配置空間S2のうちの下部空間S20(図2参照)は、常に潤滑油Lが貯留されている状態となっている。
回転側ハウジング32の回転によってカバー48も回転する。この回転の際に、シール配置空間S2のうち下側の下部空間S20の潤滑油Lが、油掻き部35の凹凸形状によって上側の上部空間S21へと掻き上げられる。このため、上側の上部空間S21へ潤滑油Lが供給され、上部空間S21に配置されているシール部34の上部にも潤滑油Lが供給される。このため、シール配置空間S2に配置されているシール部34の全体にわたって潤滑油Lが供給され、シール部34を冷却できる。このため、シール部34の固定側Oリング73および回転側Oリング74の寿命を延ばすことができる。
なお、図10では、潤滑油Lがベアリング部36を通ってシール配置空間S2へと流入して連通孔47eから流出すると記載したが、回転の速度、内部の形状等によって、潤滑油Lが連通孔47eを通ってシール配置空間S2へと流入しベアリング部36を通って収納空間S1へと流出する場合もあり得る。要するに、循環経路を形成することによって潤滑油Lのシール配置空間S2へ流入しやすくなる。
(3-1)
本実施の形態の終減速装置20(減速装置の一例)は、ハウジング部30と、減速部33と、シール部34と、凹部48fと、を備えている。油圧モータ22(駆動部の一例)の出力軸22aの回転によって水平方向を中心軸O(回転軸の一例)として回転する回転側ハウジング32(第1ハウジングの一例)と、回転側ハウジング32を回転可能に支持する固定側ハウジング31(第2ハウジングの一例)とを有する。減速部33は、油圧モータ22の回転を減速して回転側ハウジング32に伝達しハウジング部30に収納されている。シール部34は、回転側ハウジング32と固定側ハウジング31の間に配置される。凹部48fは、シール部34より径方向外側に位置し、シール部34の回転側ハウジング32側と空間的につながり、回転側ハウジング32の内側部分に形成されている。
(3-2)
本実施の形態の終減速装置20は、ベアリング部36を更に備える。ベアリング部36は、回転側ハウジング32を固定側ハウジング31に対して回転するために固定側ハウジング31と回転側ハウジング32の間に設けられている。ベアリング部36は、減速部33が配置された収納空間S1(第2空間の一例)とシール部34が配置されたシール配置空間S2(第1空間の一例)を潤滑油Lが通過可能に接続する。
(3-3)
本実施の形態の終減速装置20は、複数の連通孔47eを更に備えている。複数の連通孔47eは、回転側ハウジング32に形成され、シール配置空間S2と収納空間S1の間を連通する。
本実施の形態の終減速装置20では、凹部48fは複数形成されており、複数の連通孔47eは、複数の凹部48fに対向して設けられている。
これにより、掻き上げられた潤滑油Lが連通孔47eを通して収納空間S1に戻りやすくなるため、潤滑油Lが循環しやすくなり、シール部34の冷却効果が向上する。
本実施の形態の終減速装置20では、固定側ハウジング31は、筒状部42と、固定側対向部43(第1対向部の一例)とを有する。筒状部42は、水平方向に中心軸Oを有する。固定側対向部43は、シール部34より径方向外側に位置し、回転側ハウジング32と対向して隙間Gを形成する。ベアリング部36は、筒状部42の周囲に配置されている。回転側ハウジング32は、蓋部46と、ハブ47と、カバー48とを有する。蓋部46は、筒状部42の先端を覆う。ハブ47は、ベアリング部36の外周側に設けられ、スプロケットティース21と接続される。カバー48は、ハブ47の蓋部46の反対側に設けられる。カバー48は、固定側対向部43に対向し隙間Gを形成する回転側対向部49(第2対向部の一例)を含む。シール配置空間S2は、筒状部42の外側であって、カバー48とハブ47とベアリング部36および固定側ハウジング31によって囲まれて形成されている。凹部48fは、カバー48のハブ47に対向する外側面48dに形成されている。
(3-6)
本実施の形態の終減速装置20では、凹部48fは複数形成されており、複数の凹部48fは、中心軸Oから同一半径上に形成されている。それぞれの凹部48fは、円周方向に沿って形成されている。
(3-7)
本実施の形態の終減速装置20では、油圧モータ22は、固定側ハウジング31に収納される。減速部33は、回転側ハウジング32に収納される。収納空間S1は、回転側ハウジング32の内側に形成される。回転側ハウジング32は、出力軸22aを中心に回転する。
[他の実施形態]
以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能である。
上記実施の形態では、油掻き部35は、カバー48の外側面48dに形成された複数の凹部48fを有しているが、凹部48fは、外側面48dに形成されていなくてもよい。
図11(a)に示すように、突出部48eの径方向内側に凹部48f´が形成されていてもよい。この凹部48f´は、その深さ方向が中心軸Oと垂直になるように形成されている。
上記実施の形態では、油掻き部35はカバー48に設けられていたが、図11(b)に示すように、ハブ47に設けられていてもよい。この場合、ハブ47の内側面47cであって、シール配置空間S2に面する位置に複数の凹部47kが形成される。これら複数の凹部47kは、連通孔47eの間に設けられる。例えば、連通孔47eと凹部48fが交互に配置されていてもよい。
上記実施の形態では、連通孔47eは中心軸Oと平行に水平に形成されているが、傾斜していてもよい。例えば開口47e1側が開口47e2側よりも外周側に位置するように連通孔47eが形成されていてもよい。
(D)
上記実施の形態では、静油圧式無段変速機(HST、Hydro-Static Transmission)における終減速装置20が油掻き部35および連通孔47eを備えた構成について説明したが、油圧式操向装置(HSS、Hydrostatic Steering System)の終減速装置に対して上述したような油掻き部35および連通孔47eが設けられていてもよい。
上記実施の形態では、作業車両の一例としてブルドーザ1を例に挙げて説明したが、ブルドーザに限られなくてもよく、例えば油圧ショベルなどであってもよい。
2 車両本体
3 作業機
4 走行装置
5 スプロケット
11 キャブ
12 エンジンカバー
13 冷却装置
14 ブレード
15 ブレード駆動機構
16 油圧シリンダ
17 履帯
18 トラックフレーム
19 アイドラ
20 終減速装置(減速装置の一例)
21 スプロケットティース
21a ボルト孔
22 油圧モータ(駆動部の一例)
22a 出力軸
30 ハウジング部
31 固定側ハウジング(第2ハウジングの一例)
32 回転側ハウジング(第1ハウジングの一例)
33 減速部
34 シール部
35 油掻き部
36 ベアリング部
40 軸受
41 軸受
42 筒状部
42a 外周面
42b 段差
43 固定側対向部(第1対向部の一例)
43a 内周面
43b 溝部
44 突出部
45 外縁部
46 蓋部
47 ハブ
47a 外側面
47b ボルト孔
47c 内側面
47d ボルト孔
47e 連通孔
47e1 開口
47e2 開口
47f ボルト孔
47g 当接部
47h 当接部
47i 傾斜面
47j 外周縁部
47k 凹部
48 カバー
48a 内側面
48b 突出部
48c ボルト孔
48d 外側面
48e 突出部
48f 凹部
48f´ 凹部
48g 傾斜面
49 回転側対向部(第2対向部の一例)
50 先端面
51 第1部材
52 第2部材
52e 縁部
53 第1ベアリング
54 第2ベアリング
61 第1サンギア
61a 第1サンギア軸
62 第1遊星キャリア
63 第1遊星ギア
64 第2サンギア
65 第2遊星ギア
66 第2遊星キャリア
67 リングギア
71 固定側シールリング
71a 傾斜面
71b 摺接面
72 回転側シールリング
72a 傾斜面
72b 摺接面
73 固定側Oリング
74 回転側Oリング
S1 収納空間(第2空間の一例)
S2 シール配置空間(第1空間の一例)
S20 下部空間
S21 上部空間
Claims (8)
- 駆動部の出力軸の回転によって水平方向を回転軸として回転する第1ハウジングと、前記第1ハウジングを回転可能に支持する第2ハウジングとを有するハウジング部と、
前記駆動部の回転を減速して前記第1ハウジングに伝達し前記ハウジング部に収納された減速部と、
前記第1ハウジングと前記第2ハウジングの間に配置されるシール部と、
前記シール部より径方向外側に位置し、前記シール部の前記第1ハウジング側と空間的につながり、前記第1ハウジングの内側部分に形成された凹部と、
を備えた、減速装置。 - 前記第1ハウジングを前記第2ハウジングに対して回転するために前記第2ハウジングと前記第1ハウジングの間に設けられたベアリング部を更に備え、
前記ベアリング部は、前記シール部が配置された第1空間と前記減速部が配置された第2空間の間を潤滑油が通過可能に接続する、
請求項1に記載の減速装置。 - 前記第1ハウジングに形成され、前記第1空間と前記第2空間の間を連通する複数の連通孔を更に備えた、請求項2に記載の減速装置。
- 前記凹部は複数形成されており、
前記複数の連通孔は、前記複数の凹部に対向して設けられている、
請求項3に記載の減速装置。 - 前記第2ハウジングは、
水平方向に中心軸を有する筒状部と、
前記シール部より径方向外側に位置し、前記第1ハウジングと対向して隙間を形成する第1対向部と、
を有し、
前記ベアリング部は、前記筒状部の周囲に配置されており、
前記第1ハウジングは、
前記筒状部の先端を覆う蓋部と、
前記ベアリング部の外周側に設けられ、スプロケットティースと接続されるハブと、
前記第1対向部に対向し前記隙間を形成する第2対向部を含み、前記ハブの前記蓋部の反対側に設けられたカバーと、を有し、
前記第1空間は、前記筒状部の外側であって、前記ハブ、前記カバー、前記ベアリング部および前記第2ハウジングによって囲まれて形成され、
前記凹部は、前記カバーの前記ハブに対向する面に形成されている、
請求項2に記載の減速装置。 - 前記凹部は、複数形成されており、
複数の前記凹部は、前記中心軸から同一半径上に形成され、
それぞれの前記凹部は、円周方向に沿って形成されている、
請求項5に記載の減速装置。 - 前記ハブに形成され、前記第1空間と前記第2空間の間を連通する複数の連通孔を更に備え、
複数の前記連通孔は、複数の前記凹部に対向する位置に形成されている、
請求項6に記載の減速装置。 - 前記駆動部は、前記第2ハウジングに収納され、
前記減速部は、前記第1ハウジングに収納され、
前記第2空間は、前記第1ハウジングの内側に形成され、
前記第1ハウジングは、前記出力軸を中心に回転する、
請求項2~7のいずれかに記載の減速装置。
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PCT/JP2015/056742 WO2016006271A1 (ja) | 2015-03-06 | 2015-03-06 | 減速装置 |
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CN113574296B (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2024-08-23 | 索尤若驱动有限及两合公司 | 减速器和制造不同的减速器、特别是减速器产品系列的方法 |
CN113357369B (zh) * | 2021-05-11 | 2024-05-28 | 中国船舶重工集团武汉船舶工业有限公司 | 减速机的密封结构 |
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