WO2015178433A1 - 改質石炭の貯蔵方法 - Google Patents
改質石炭の貯蔵方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015178433A1 WO2015178433A1 PCT/JP2015/064539 JP2015064539W WO2015178433A1 WO 2015178433 A1 WO2015178433 A1 WO 2015178433A1 JP 2015064539 W JP2015064539 W JP 2015064539W WO 2015178433 A1 WO2015178433 A1 WO 2015178433A1
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- coal
- pile
- modified coal
- modified
- agglomerated
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 241
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 61
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/366—Powders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G3/00—Storing bulk material or loose, i.e. disorderly, articles
- B65G3/02—Storing bulk material or loose, i.e. disorderly, articles in the open air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2250/00—Structural features of fuel components or fuel compositions, either in solid, liquid or gaseous state
- C10L2250/06—Particle, bubble or droplet size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/06—Heat exchange, direct or indirect
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/22—Impregnation or immersion of a fuel component or a fuel as a whole
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L2290/547—Filtration for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/361—Briquettes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for storing reformed coal.
- Coal used in thermal power plants and steelworks is usually stored as piles piled up in an outdoor yard. Coal stored in this way generates heat by reacting with oxygen in the air and may ignite spontaneously. In particular, low-grade coal has a porous state and thus has high oxidation reactivity and is likely to generate heat. Therefore, in general, a method of preventing spontaneous ignition by watering the pile or the like is taken. However, since this method requires regular watering, an efficient spontaneous ignition prevention method is required.
- porous charcoal is pulverized and granulated, and then mixed with a mixed oil containing a heavy oil and a solvent oil to obtain a raw material slurry.
- the raw slurry is preheated and then heated to advance the dehydration of the porous coal, and the mixed oil is impregnated into the pores of the porous coal to obtain a dehydrated slurry.
- the modified porous charcoal and the mixed oil are separated from the dewatered slurry, and then the modified porous charcoal is dried (drained).
- the dried modified porous coal is cooled and shaped as desired. According to this manufacturing method, with the reduction of the moisture content of the porous coal, heavy oil adheres to the pores of the porous coal, and a modified coal having a high calorific value can be obtained.
- the modified coal obtained by the above production method is formed into briquettes from the viewpoint of workability including transportation work and from the viewpoint of suppressing dust generation.
- this briquette is stored as a pile, it is made of briquettes of the same shape, so the pile is highly breathable, and when it is piled with coal, which has a relatively high oxidation reactivity, or when the pile height is high, it is relatively short.
- the pile temperature rises over time. Therefore, in such modified coal, a storage technique that is particularly difficult to cause spontaneous ignition is required.
- the present invention has been made based on the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for storing modified coal that can suppress spontaneous ignition of piles at low cost.
- the invention made in order to solve the above problems comprises a pile forming step of forming piles by piles of agglomerated and powdered modified coal, and the content of particles having a particle size of 2 mm or less in the modified coal
- the modified coal storage method includes powdered coal, a pile of modified coal in which relatively small particles having a particle size of 2 mm or less occupy 35% by mass or more, and a packing density of 1.0 g / cm 3 or more. Form a pile.
- the modified coal storage method is such that piles of modified coal having such a particle size distribution are piled up so that the packing density of the pile is not less than the above lower limit, so that small particles fill the voids and form piles with low air permeability. Is done. Therefore, according to the method for storing the modified coal, the spontaneous ignition of the pile can be suppressed at a low cost without using a special material or the like.
- an agglomeration step for agglomerating the modified coal Prior to the pile forming step, an agglomeration step for agglomerating the modified coal, an aging step for aging the agglomerated coal, and an agglomerated reformation of the powdered modified coal generated in the aging step And a step of blending with coal.
- the powdered modified coal inevitably generated in the aging process with the agglomerated modified coal, the particle size distribution and the packing density of the pile are adjusted, and the pile of the pile is easily and reliably added. Spontaneous ignition can be suppressed.
- the said particle size distribution and the packing density of a pile can be adjusted by mix
- the recovered product generated in the modified coal storage process can be used more efficiently.
- a ventilation resistance coefficient of the pile in the pile forming step 1 ⁇ 10 7 Pa ⁇ s / m 2 or more is preferable.
- the ventilation resistance coefficient of the pile in the pile forming step is set to be equal to or higher than the above lower limit, the amount of ventilation in the pile is limited and heat generation due to oxidation of the modified coal is suppressed. It is surely prevented.
- the “agglomerated reformed coal” is a concept including agglomerated reformed coal and a pulverized product obtained by crushing the agglomerated reformed coal.
- the “particle size” is a value measured in accordance with the dry screening method in the general screening test method of JIS-Z8815 (1994).
- the “air flow resistance coefficient” is a coefficient in the relational expression between the pressure loss per unit length due to the gas and the gas flow velocity when the gas passes through the coal particle group, and the pressure loss (Pa / m) is represented by the flow velocity (Pa / m). m / s).
- the modified coal storage method of the present invention it is possible to suppress the spontaneous ignition of the pile without causing an increase in cost. Therefore, according to the modified coal storage method of the present invention, the ease of use of the modified coal obtained from low-grade coal can be enhanced.
- Schematic diagram showing ventilation resistance measuring device The graph which shows the particle size distribution of each coal in an Example The graph which shows the relationship between the packing density measured by the Example, and ventilation resistance
- the modified coal storage method includes a step of forming a pile by a pile of agglomerated and powdered modified coal (pile forming step), and the modified coal is agglomerated before the pile forming step.
- a process agglomeration process
- aging process a process of aging the agglomerated coal
- crushing process a process of crushing the agglomerated coal after the aging process
- crushing process a process of crushing the agglomerated coal after the aging process
- the modification of the powder generated in the aging process And a step of blending the quality coal with the agglomerated reformed coal (powdered coal blending step).
- the modified coal includes a step of pulverizing porous coal (low-grade coal) (pulverizing step), a step of mixing the porous coal and oil to obtain a raw material slurry (mixing step), A preheating step (preheating step), a step of heating the raw slurry to obtain a dehydrated slurry (heating step), a step of separating the dehydrated slurry into modified porous charcoal and oil (solid-liquid separation step), and separation A step of drying the modified porous charcoal (drying step).
- the porous coal is pulverized to obtain pulverized coal.
- This pulverization can be performed by using a known pulverizer or the like.
- the upper limit of the maximum particle size of the porous charcoal after pulverization is preferably 3 mm, more preferably 2 mm, and even more preferably 1 mm. Moreover, as a minimum of content of the particle
- the maximum particle size of the porous charcoal after pulverization not more than the above upper limit, or the content of particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less is not less than the above lower limit, it is easy to slurry porous charcoal in the heating step described later Can be.
- the maximum particle size of the porous coal can be measured with a sieve.
- the porous coal is a so-called low-grade coal that contains a large amount of water and is desired to be dehydrated.
- the water content of the porous coal is, for example, 20% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less.
- Examples of such porous coal include lignite, lignite, and sub-bituminous coal (eg, Samarangau coal).
- the upper limit of the maximum particle size of the porous coal before pulverization is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 50 mm from the viewpoint of ease of charging into the pulverizer.
- the pulverized porous charcoal and oil are mixed to obtain a raw material slurry.
- This mixing process can be performed using a well-known mixing tank etc., for example.
- the oil is preferably a mixed oil containing a heavy oil and a solvent oil. Hereinafter, it demonstrates as an example using this mixed oil.
- the above-mentioned heavy oil component is, for example, a heavy component that does not substantially exhibit a vapor pressure even at 400 ° C. or an oil containing a large amount thereof, and asphalt or the like can be used.
- the solvent oil component is an oil that disperses the heavy oil component.
- a light boiling oil component is preferred from the viewpoints of affinity with a heavy oil component, handleability as a slurry, ease of penetration into pores, and the like.
- the solvent oil is preferably a petroleum oil (light oil, kerosene, heavy oil or the like) having a boiling point of 100 ° C. or higher and 300 ° C. or lower.
- this mixed oil exhibits appropriate fluidity. Therefore, by using the above mixed oil, penetration of the porous coal into the pores of the heavy oil which is difficult to achieve with the heavy oil alone is promoted.
- content of the heavy oil content in the said mixed oil it can be set as 0.25 mass% or more and 15 mass% or less, for example.
- the mixing ratio of the mixed oil to the porous coal is not particularly limited.
- the lower limit of the amount of heavy oil relative to the porous coal is preferably 0.5% by mass.
- an upper limit of the quantity of the heavy oil part with respect to porous charcoal 30 mass% is preferable and 5 mass% is more preferable.
- the amount of the heavy oil is less than the lower limit, the amount of heavy oil adsorbed in the pores becomes insufficient, and the spontaneous ignition suppression effect may be reduced.
- the amount of the heavy oil exceeds the upper limit, the reforming cost of the porous coal may increase.
- the raw material slurry obtained in the mixing step is preheated prior to the heating step.
- the preheating conditions are not particularly limited, and usually the heating is performed to near the boiling point of water at the operating pressure.
- the raw material slurry is heated to obtain a dehydrated slurry.
- This heating can be performed using a known heat exchanger, evaporator or the like.
- the dehydration of the porous coal proceeds and the mixed oil is impregnated into the pores of the porous coal.
- the inner surface of the pores of the porous charcoal is successively covered with the mixed oil containing the heavy oil, and almost the entire area of the pore opening is filled with the mixed oil.
- the heavy oil in the mixed oil is preferentially adsorbed to the active sites and is difficult to separate when attached, so that the heavy oil is preferentially attached over the solvent oil.
- the pyrophoricity can be reduced by blocking the inner surface of the pores from the outside air.
- a large amount of water is dehydrated and removed, and the mixed oil, particularly heavy oil, preferentially fills the pores, so that calorie increase as a whole of the porous coal is achieved.
- Solid-liquid separation process In the solid-liquid separation step, the dehydrated slurry is separated into modified porous coal and mixed oil. This separation can be performed using a known centrifuge, filter or the like. The mixed oil separated in this step can be reused in the mixing step.
- drying step the separated modified porous coal is dried. This drying can be performed using, for example, a known steam tube dryer.
- the oil (solvent oil) evaporated in this drying step can be recovered and reused in the mixing step.
- the modified coal obtained by such a manufacturing method has a high heat generation amount because the moisture content decreases in the heating step and the heavy oil adheres to the pores.
- the reformed coal (modified porous coal) X obtained by the above production method is agglomerated.
- the shape of the agglomerated coal agglomerated in the agglomeration part 1 and the apparatus used for the agglomeration are not particularly limited. For example, a briquette by compression molding using a double roll molding machine or the like is used. It is possible to employ pellets obtained by rolling granulation, sticks obtained by extrusion using an extruder, and the like.
- the average mass of one agglomerated coal is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, 5 g or more and 50 g or less.
- the average volume of one agglomerated coal is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 1 cm 3 or more 100 cm 3 or less.
- the shape of the agglomerated coal is not particularly limited, and may be spherical, spheroid, prismatic, cylindrical, or the like.
- agglomerated coal is slowly reacted with oxygen and oxidized to perform aging. It does not specifically limit as a method of aging in the aging part 2, A well-known method can be used. Specifically, for example, a method can be used in which agglomerated coal is charged into a sealed container (anaerobic box), and a certain amount of air flows through the sealed container from below to above.
- a sealed container anaerobic box
- the crushing method in the crushing unit 3 is not particularly limited, and a crusher or the like may be used, or the agglomerated coal may be crushed simply by dropping from a high place.
- the agglomerated coal after aging can be scooped and dropped by a wheel loader.
- the particle size distribution of the obtained crushed material can be easily adjusted by changing the height and the number of times of dropping.
- agglomerated coal that is not crushed may remain in the obtained crushed material. Further, only a part of the agglomerated coal that has been aged by the aging unit 2 may be provided to the crushing unit 3.
- the pulverized modified coal Z1 inevitably generated in the aging unit 2 is blended into the crushed material (agglomerated reformed coal) crushed in the pulverizing unit 3.
- the powdery modified coal Z1 inevitably generated in the aging unit 2 is specifically the powdered modified coal recovered under the sieving of the aging unit 2 or the loading of the conveyor after the aging process. It is a powdery modified coal that falls at the joint.
- the powdered coal blending unit 4 has a particularly limited configuration as long as it can blend powdered modified coal (for example, modified coal having a maximum particle size of 100 ⁇ m or less) into the agglomerated modified coal.
- powdered modified coal for example, modified coal having a maximum particle size of 100 ⁇ m or less
- the lower limit of the content of particles having a particle size of 2 mm or less of the modified coal (mixed coal) in which the agglomerated modified coal and the powdered modified coal are blended in the powdered coal blending unit 4 is 35. It is mass% and 38 mass% is more preferable. Moreover, as an upper limit of content of particle
- the content is less than the above lower limit, when the pile is formed, the voids are not filled with the small particles and the air permeability is increased, so that there is a possibility that the spontaneous ignition of the pile cannot be sufficiently suppressed.
- the content exceeds the above upper limit the packing density when the pile is formed is not sufficiently increased and the air permeability is not sufficiently lowered, and the spontaneous ignition of the pile may not be sufficiently suppressed.
- the lower limit of the content of particles having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less in the blended coal is preferably 27% by mass, and more preferably 28% by mass.
- blending coal 15 mass% is preferable and 18 mass% is more preferable.
- the packing density at the time of formation can be increased, the air permeability is further reduced, and the effect of preventing the spontaneous ignition of the pile can be further increased.
- the upper limit of the content of particles having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less is preferably 40% by mass, and more preferably 35% by mass. Moreover, as an upper limit of content of particle
- the particle size distribution of the modified coal can be adjusted by changing the blending amount of the powdered modified coal Z1 blended with the crushed material crushed by the crushing unit 3 in the powdered coal blending step. Moreover, you may adjust the particle size by adding the agglomerated coal which is not crushed in the crushing part 3, the modified coal X before agglomeration, and the like. At this time, in order to adjust the particle size of the modified coal, the modified coal X before agglomeration may be pulverized into powder and blended with the crushed material. Furthermore, in the pulverized coal blending step, the entire particle size can be adjusted using unmodified coal. However, the upper limit of the blending ratio of the unmodified coal relative to the blended coal is preferably 30% by mass, and more preferably 10% by mass. If the blending ratio of the unmodified coal exceeds the upper limit, the combustion efficiency of the coal may be reduced.
- a pile Y is formed by stacking the blended coal in which the agglomerated modified coal and the powdered modified coal are blended in the powdered coal blending unit 4. This stacking can be performed using a known device such as a belt conveyor.
- the filling density of the pile Y is the bulk density of the pile Y.
- the assumed upper limit of the packing density is about 1.4 g / cm 3 in the absence of moisture, but it is considered that the packing density actually exceeds the briquette density of 1.2 g / cm 3. hard. Therefore, the upper limit of the packing density is preferably 1.15g / cm 3, 1.10g / cm 3 is more preferable.
- the ventilation resistance coefficient of the pile Y formed at the said pile formation process 1 * 10 ⁇ 7 > Pa * s / m ⁇ 2 > is preferable and 3 * 10 ⁇ 7 > Pa * s / m ⁇ 2 > is more preferable.
- the upper limit of the ventilation resistance coefficient is 2 ⁇ 10 9 Pa ⁇ s / m 2 , more preferably 7 ⁇ 10 8 Pa ⁇ s / m 2 . If the ventilation resistance coefficient is less than the lower limit, the ventilation in the pile Y cannot be sufficiently restricted, and the spontaneous ignition of the pile Y may not be sufficiently suppressed. Moreover, when the said ventilation resistance coefficient exceeds the said upper limit, pile formation will become difficult and there exists a possibility that a special installation may be needed.
- piles are formed using the modified coal in which the powdered modified coal Z1 is blended with the crushed material crushed in the pulverized portion 3 in the powdered coal blending process, and thus the packing density and the airflow resistance are thus obtained.
- the pile Y having a large coefficient is easily and reliably formed.
- piles of reformed coal may be piled up while tapping so that the packing density and ventilation resistance coefficient of pile Y are within the above ranges, or the piles of reformed coal may be piled up with heavy machinery.
- water or a surfactant aqueous solution may be sprayed onto the modified coal. By doing in this way, the dust generation and ignition from the pile Y formed can be reduced more.
- the modified coal storage method includes powdered coal, a pile of modified coal in which relatively small particles having a particle size of 2 mm or less occupy 35% by mass or more, and a packing density of 1.0 g / cm 3 or more. A pile is formed. Thereby, a small particle fills a space
- the modified coal storage method uses powdery modified coal inevitably generated in the aging process for the formation of piles, the powdered coal generated in the aging process is recycled as in the past. Therefore, it is not necessary to agglomerate again and the cost for recycling can be reduced.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a modified coal storage method in which powdered modified coal inevitably generated in the agglomeration process is also used for the formation of piles. 2, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the pulverized coal blending unit 6 In the pulverized coal blending step in the modified coal storage method shown in FIG. 2, the pulverized coal blending unit 6 inevitably causes the pulverized product crushed by the crushing unit 3 to be crushed by the aging unit 2. Along with coal Z1, powdery modified coal Z2 inevitably generated in the agglomeration part 1 is also blended.
- the powdered coal blending unit 6 blends the powdered modified coal Z1 and modified coal Z2 into the crushed material at a certain ratio, so that the particle size distribution of the blended coal can be adjusted to the above range. In this way, by stacking the blended coal blended in the powdered coal blending unit 6, the pile Y ′ having a large packing density and a high airflow resistance coefficient is easily and reliably formed in the pile forming step.
- the modified coal storage method uses piled coal, which is inevitably generated in the agglomeration process, as piled coal.
- the product can be used more efficiently.
- Example 1 Powdered modified coal is blended with pulverized coal (agglomerated modified coal) obtained by agglomerating granular modified coal with a crusher at a peripheral speed of 21 m / s.
- the test coal of Example 1 was obtained.
- the test coal was prepared by blending so that the pulverized coal was 77.7 mass% and the powdered coal was 22.3 mass%.
- Example 2 A mixture of agglomerated coal obtained by agglomerating granular modified coal, pulverized coal obtained by crushing agglomerated coal with a crusher at a peripheral speed of 21 m / s, and powdered modified coal. The test coal.
- FIG. 4 and Table 1 show the measurement results (Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3) of the particle size distributions of the test coals of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 filled in the measurement container 11.
- this particle size distribution is the value analyzed using the shaking sieve machine made from FRITSCH.
- ⁇ Breath test> As a ventilation test, a ventilation resistance coefficient when each test coal was piled up was measured. Although it is difficult to measure the air flow rate of the gas flowing through the pile in an actual pile, the air flow rate is proportional to the air flow rate, and the air flow rate is limited by an increase in the air flow resistance. That is, since the magnitude of the air flow can be confirmed from the magnitude of the air resistance, the air resistance coefficient was measured as an index.
- the ventilation resistance coefficient was measured using the ventilation resistance measuring device of FIG. Specifically, test coal X2 was filled in measurement container 11, and air G was supplied by air compressor 12 so that air G circulated from the bottom to the top of coal X2 filled in measurement container 11. And while measuring the flow velocity of the air G supplied from the air compressor 12 with the flow meter 13, the pressure difference (pressure loss) of the upper part and the lower part of the coal X2 was measured with the pressure gauge 14. From the pressure loss (Pa / m) obtained here and the flow velocity (m / s) of the air G, the ventilation resistance coefficient (Pa ⁇ s / m 2 ) in the packed coal X2 was determined.
- the aeration resistance coefficient measured by the aeration resistance measurement device and the packing density (bulk density) of the coal X2 when filled in the measurement vessel 11 are shown. It is shown in 2.
- “coarse filling” means a state in which each coal is filled into the measurement container 11 without being tapped.
- “close packing” means a state when the measuring container 11 is filled while tapping each coal. For the test coals of Examples 1 and 2, only the close packing density was measured.
- the graph of FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the ventilation resistance coefficient and the packing density measured for each of the test coals of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
- the ventilation resistance coefficient when the test coals of Examples 1 and 2 are filled is several tens to several hundreds of the ventilation resistance coefficient when the test coals of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are filled. You can see that it is twice as expensive. Thereby, it can be said that ventilation resistance can be greatly increased by mix
- a packing density can be easily enlarged by mix
- the filling density when filled only upgraded coal powdery using the above formulation was extent 0.5 g / cm 3 or more 0.7 g / cm 3 or less.
- the ventilation resistance coefficient for restricting the ventilation into the pile for the purpose of suppressing spontaneous ignition is preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 7 or more, and from FIG. 5, the pile packing density is 1.0 g / cm 3 or more. By doing so, it can be said that this condition can be satisfied.
- the particle size distribution of the coal forming the pile preferably has a content of particles having a particle size of 2 mm or less of 35% by mass or more. Moreover, it can be said that it is preferable that the content of particles having a particle size of 1 mm or less is 27% by mass or more and the content of particles having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less is 15% by mass or more that satisfies this condition. From FIG.
- the packing density of the pile can be increased by adding powdered coal to the pulverized coal pulverized by impact pulverization and increasing the ratio of coal having a particle size of 0.15 mm or more and 4.75 mm or less. It can be said. Thereby, the ventilation resistance of a pile becomes large, the amount of ventilation can be restricted, and the suppression effect of the spontaneous ignition of a pile can be improved.
- the modified coal storage method of the present invention can suppress the spontaneous ignition of piles at low cost, and can be widely used in thermal power plants and steelworks.
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Abstract
Description
当該改質石炭の貯蔵方法は、塊成体状及び粉状の改質石炭の山積みによりパイルを形成する工程(パイル形成工程)を備え、上記パイル形成工程前に、上記改質石炭を塊成する工程(塊成工程)と、上記塊成石炭をエイジングする工程(エイジング工程)と、上記エイジング工程後の塊成石炭を破砕する工程(破砕工程)と、上記エイジング工程で発生した粉状の改質石炭を塊成体状の改質石炭に配合する工程(粉状石炭配合工程)とをさらに備える。
粉砕工程では、多孔質炭を粉砕し粉砕石炭を得る。この粉砕は、公知の粉砕機等を用いることによって行うことができる。
混合工程では、粉砕された上記多孔質炭と油とを混合して原料スラリーを得る。この混合工程は、例えば公知の混合槽等を用いて行うことができる。また、上記油は、好ましくは重質油分と溶媒油分とを含む混合油である。以下、この混合油を用いた例として説明する。
混合工程で得られた原料スラリーを加熱工程に先立って予熱する。この予熱条件としては特に制限されず、通常は操作圧での水の沸点近傍まで加熱する。
加熱工程では、上記原料スラリーを加熱し、脱水スラリーを得る。この加熱は、公知の熱交換器、蒸発器等を用いて行うことができる。この際、多孔質炭の脱水が進むと共に、多孔質炭の細孔内に混合油が含浸される。具体的には、多孔質炭の細孔内表面は重質油分を含有する混合油によって次々に被覆され、細孔開口部のほぼ全域が混合油によって充満される。なお、混合油中の重質油分は活性点に選択的に吸着され易く、付着すると離れ難いため、重質油分が溶媒油分よりも優先的に付着していくとされている。こうして細孔内表面が外気から遮断されることによって自然発火性を低下させることが可能となる。また、大量の水分が脱水除去されると共に、混合油、特に重質油分が優先して細孔内を充満することになるので、多孔質炭全体としてのカロリーアップが達成される。
固液分離工程では、上記脱水スラリーを改質多孔質炭と混合油とに分離する。この分離は、公知の遠心分離器、濾過器等を用いて行うことができる。この工程で分離された混合油は、上記混合工程にて再利用することができる。
乾燥工程では、分離された上記改質多孔質炭を乾燥させる。この乾燥は、例えば公知のスチームチューブドライヤ等を用いて行うことができる。この乾燥工程で蒸発した油(溶媒油分)は、回収して上記混合工程にて再利用することができる。
まず、塊成部1において、上記製造方法により得た改質石炭(改質多孔質炭)Xを塊成する。塊成部1で塊成した塊成石炭の形状及びその塊成に用いる装置としては、特に限定されず、例えばダブルロール成形機等を用いた圧縮成形によるブリケット、パン型造粒機等を用いた転動造粒によるペレット、押出成形機を用いた押出成形によるスティック等を採用することができる。
次に、エイジング部2において、上記塊成石炭を緩慢に酸素と反応させて酸化することでエイジングを行う。エイジング部2におけるエイジングの方法としては特に限定されず、周知の方法を用いることができる。具体的には、例えば塊成石炭を密封容器(嫌気箱)内に投入し、この密封容器の内部に下方から上方へ空気を一定量流通させる方法を用いることができる。
次に、破砕部3において、エイジング後の塊成石炭を破砕し、粒径の小さい改質石炭(破砕物)を得る。このように、一度塊成した塊成石炭を破砕して粒径の小さい改質石炭とすることで、特別な装置等を導入することなく、容易に所望する粒度分布を有する改質石炭を得ることができる。
次に、粉状石炭配合部4において、破砕部3で破砕された破砕物(塊成体状の改質石炭)に、エイジング部2で不可避的に生ずる粉状の改質石炭Z1を配合する。ここで、エイジング部2で不可避的に生ずる粉状の改質石炭Z1とは、具体的にはエイジング部2の篩下で回収された粉状の改質石炭や、エイジング工程後のコンベアの乗継部などで落下する粉状の改質石炭である。上記破砕物に改質石炭Z1を一定の割合で配合することで、配合後の改質石炭の粒度分布を調整できると共に、改質石炭を山積みしたときの充填密度を高めることができる。なお、上記塊成体状の改質石炭には、破砕部3で破砕されていない塊成石炭が含まれていてもよい。
次に、パイル形成部5において、上記粉状石炭配合部4で塊成体状の改質石炭と粉状の改質石炭とが配合された配合石炭を山積みし、パイルYを形成する。この山積みは、ベルトコンベア等、公知の機器等を用いて行うことができる。
当該改質石炭の貯蔵方法は、粉状の石炭を含み、粒径2mm以下の比較的小さい粒子が35質量%以上を占める改質石炭を山積みし、充填密度が1.0g/cm3以上のパイルを形成する。これにより、小さい粒子が空隙を埋めて通気性の低いパイルが形成され、自然発火性が抑制される。このように、当該改質石炭の貯蔵方法は、特別な材料等を用いることなく、低コストでパイルの自然発火を抑制することができる。
上記実施形態では、エイジング工程で不可避的に発生する粉状の改質石炭をパイルの形成に利用することとしたが、さらに塊成工程で不可避的に発生する粉状の改質石炭もパイルの形成に利用してもよい。図2は、塊成工程で不可避的に発生する粉状の改質石炭もパイルの形成に利用する改質石炭の貯蔵方法を説明するブロック図である。図2では、図1と同じ構成部分に同じ符号を付している。
当該改質石炭の貯蔵方法は、山積みする石炭として、塊成工程で不可避的に発生する粉状の改質石炭もパイルの形成に利用するので、改質石炭の貯蔵プロセスで不可避的に生じる回収品をより効率よく利用できる。
粒状の改質石炭を塊成して得た塊成石炭を周速21m/sで破砕機により粉砕した粉砕炭(塊成体状の改質石炭)に、粉状の改質石炭を配合して実施例1の試験用石炭とした。実施例1では、粉砕炭が77.7質量%、粉状石炭が22.3質量%となるよう配合して試験用石炭を作成した。
粒状の改質石炭を塊成して得た塊成石炭と、塊成石炭を周速21m/sで破砕機により粉砕した粉砕炭と、粉状の改質石炭とを配合して実施例2の試験用石炭とした。
粒状の改質石炭を塊成して得た塊成石炭を破砕機により粉砕した粉砕炭を比較例の試験用石炭とした。具体的には、粉砕時の破砕機の周速を3種類(15m/s、18m/s、21m/s)に変化させて得た粉砕炭を比較例1~3の試験用石炭とした。
測定容器11に充填した実施例1、2、比較例1~3の各試験用石炭の粒度分布の測定結果(実施例1、2、比較例1~3)を図4及び表1に示す。なお、この粒度分布は、FRITSCH社製の振とう篩い機を用いて分析した値である。
次に通気試験として、各試験用石炭を山積みしたときの通気抵抗係数を測定した。実際のパイルでパイル内を流通する気体の通気量を測定するのは困難であるが、通気量は通気速度に比例し、通気抵抗が高くなることによりその通気速度は制限される。つまり、通気抵抗の大小から通気量の大小が確認できるので、その指標として通気抵抗係数の測定を行った。
本出願は、2014年5月23日出願の日本特許出願(特願2014-107552)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
2 エイジング部
3 破砕部
4 粉状石炭配合部
5 パイル形成部
6 粉状石炭配合部
11 測定容器
12 エアーコンプレッサ
13 流量計
14 圧力計
X 改質石炭
X2 石炭
Y、Y´ パイル
Z1、Z2 粉状改質石炭
G 空気
Claims (4)
- 塊成体状及び粉状の改質石炭の山積みによりパイルを形成するパイル形成工程を備え、
上記改質石炭における粒径2mm以下の粒子の含有量が35質量%以上であり、
上記パイル形成工程におけるパイルの充填密度を1.0g/cm3以上とする改質石炭の貯蔵方法。 - 上記パイル形成工程前に、
上記改質石炭を塊成する塊成工程と、
上記塊成石炭をエイジングするエイジング工程と、
上記エイジング工程で発生した粉状の改質石炭を塊成体状の改質石炭に配合する工程とをさらに備える請求項1に記載の改質石炭の貯蔵方法。 - 上記パイル形成工程前に、上記塊成工程で発生する粉状の改質石炭を塊成体状の改質石炭に配合する工程をさらに備える請求項2に記載の改質石炭の貯蔵方法。
- 上記パイル形成工程におけるパイルの通気抵抗係数を1×107Pa・s/m2以上とする請求項1、請求項2又は請求項3に記載の改質石炭の貯蔵方法。
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2015
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- 2015-05-20 RU RU2016147086A patent/RU2668013C2/ru active
- 2015-05-20 CN CN201580026062.2A patent/CN106458448A/zh active Pending
- 2015-05-20 US US15/305,543 patent/US10287524B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-05-20 WO PCT/JP2015/064539 patent/WO2015178433A1/ja active Application Filing
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Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2668013C2 (ru) | 2018-09-25 |
AU2015262356A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
EP3147238A4 (en) | 2017-11-15 |
JP2015221719A (ja) | 2015-12-10 |
EP3147238A1 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
US10287524B2 (en) | 2019-05-14 |
RU2016147086A (ru) | 2018-06-25 |
JP6174521B2 (ja) | 2017-08-02 |
US20170044453A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
RU2016147086A3 (ja) | 2018-06-25 |
CN106458448A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
AU2015262356B2 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
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