WO2015166896A1 - 半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物およびそれを成形してなる成形体 - Google Patents
半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物およびそれを成形してなる成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/06—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Ortho-esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0041—Optical brightening agents, organic pigments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0091—Complexes with metal-heteroatom-bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3472—Five-membered rings
- C08K5/3475—Five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3495—Six-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition having excellent surface appearance, heat resistance, fluidity, heat aging resistance, mechanical properties and molding processability, and improved residence stability during melt processing.
- Semi-aromatic polyamides are widely used as molding materials because they are excellent in heat resistance and mechanical properties.
- a semi-aromatic polyamide having a melting point of 300 ° C. or higher and having high heat resistance and heat aging resistance is used for applications requiring high heat resistance such as around an automobile engine and LED lighting.
- a semi-aromatic polyamide is used in combination with a certain amount or more of a fibrous reinforcing agent, the fluidity at the time of molding is lowered, and the resulting molded product has a poor surface appearance.
- a method for improving the surface appearance of a polyamide resin a method of blending an azine dye is known.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition in which an azine dye, glass fiber, an inorganic filler, carbon black, and a copper compound are added to a semi-aromatic polyamide.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a polyamide composition obtained by melt-kneading nigrosine, which is an azine dye, in a mixture obtained by melt-kneading a semi-aromatic polyamide and a modified resin modified with an unsaturated compound. .
- a semi-aromatic polyamide having a melting point of 300 ° C. or higher has a problem in so-called residence stability because it may be thermally decomposed at the time of melt processing when the blending of Patent Documents 1 and 2 is applied. Met.
- the present invention solves the above problems, and provides a semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition having excellent heat resistance, heat aging resistance, mechanical properties, and surface appearance, and having improved residence stability during melt processing.
- the purpose is to provide.
- the present inventors have found that a semi-aromatic polyamide, a fibrous reinforcing material, and an azine dye are contained in a semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition.
- the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by using an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having a specific molecular weight as the constituent monocarboxylic acid component, and have reached the present invention.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- a resin composition comprising:
- Semi-aromatic polyamide (A) is composed of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component, an aliphatic diamine component, and a monocarboxylic acid component, and has a melting point of 300 ° C. or higher.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition wherein the monocarboxylic acid component constituting the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) is an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having a molecular weight of 200 or more.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition according to (1) which contains 0.05 to 10 parts by mass of a polyhydric alcohol (D).
- the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition according to (1) or (2) which contains 1 to 50 parts by mass of a polyamide (E) other than the semi-aromatic polyamide (A).
- the present invention it is possible to provide a semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition having excellent surface appearance, heat resistance, heat aging resistance, mechanical properties and molding processability, and improved residence stability during melt processing. .
- the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition of the present invention contains a semi-aromatic polyamide (A), a fibrous reinforcing material (B), and an azine dye (C).
- the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) in the present invention comprises an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component, an aliphatic diamine component, and a monocarboxylic acid component as constituent components.
- the aromatic dicarboxylic acid component preferably contains terephthalic acid as a main component from the viewpoint of residence stability and heat resistance during the melt processing of the semiaromatic polyamide (A).
- the content of terephthalic acid in the aromatic dicarboxylic acid component is preferably 95 mol% or more, and more preferably 97 mol% or more.
- dicarboxylic acids other than terephthalic acid include phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and the like.
- dicarboxylic acid component of the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid are used unless the object of the present invention is impaired.
- An aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as undecanedioic acid or dodecanedioic acid or an alicyclic dicarboxylic acid such as cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid may be contained.
- the aliphatic diamine component is preferably composed mainly of an aliphatic diamine having 7 to 11 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of residence stability and heat resistance during the melt processing of the semiaromatic polyamide (A).
- -Octanediamine or 1,10-decanediamine is more preferred as the main component, and since the balance between melt processability and heat resistance is good, 1,10-decanediamine is more preferred as the main component.
- diamines other than the aliphatic diamines include alicyclic diamines such as cyclohexane diamine.
- aromatic diamines such as xylylenediamine and phenylenediamine.
- the monocarboxylic acid component needs to be an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having a molecular weight of 200 or more, and the molecular weight is preferably 250 or more.
- the semiaromatic polyamide (A) does not improve the residence stability during melt processing.
- the content of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acid component having a molecular weight of 200 or more is preferably 0.3 to 4.0 mol% with respect to the total monomer components constituting the semiaromatic polyamide (A). It is more preferably 3 to 3.0 mol%, further preferably 0.3 to 2.5 mol%, and particularly preferably 0.8 to 2.5 mol%.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) Since the content of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acid component is 0.3 to 4.0 mol%, the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) has improved fluidity during melt processing. In this case, the mold transfer property is improved, and as a result, the surface appearance of the molded body is improved and the mold release property is also improved.
- Examples of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having a molecular weight of 200 or more include lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and behenic acid. Of these, stearic acid is preferred because of its high versatility.
- the aliphatic monocarboxylic acid component one of the above may be used alone, or a plurality of may be used in combination.
- an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having a molecular weight of 200 or more and an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having a molecular weight of less than 200 may be used in combination.
- the molecular weight of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acid refers to the molecular weight of the starting aliphatic monocarboxylic acid.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) in the present invention contains lactams such as caprolactam and laurolactam, and ⁇ -aminocarboxylic acids such as aminocaproic acid and 11-aminoundecanoic acid as constituents unless the object of the present invention is impaired. May be.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) in the present invention needs to have a melting point (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “Tm”) of 300 ° C. or higher, preferably 310 to 350 ° C.
- Tm melting point
- the obtained molded product has low heat resistance.
- the Tm exceeds 350 ° C.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) may be difficult to melt because the melt processing temperature exceeds the decomposition temperature of the amide bond (about 350 ° C.).
- Tm is the top of the endothermic peak when the temperature is increased at a temperature increase rate of 20 ° C./min with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
- the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) in the present invention preferably has a relative viscosity of 1.8 or more when measured in 96% sulfuric acid at 25 ° C. and at a concentration of 1 g / dL, from 1.8 to 3.5. More preferably, it is 1.9 to 3.1. When the relative viscosity is less than 1.8, the obtained molded article may have reduced mechanical properties.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) in the present invention can be produced using a conventionally known heat polymerization method or solution polymerization method. Of these, the heat polymerization method is preferred because it is industrially advantageous.
- the heat polymerization method includes a step (i) of obtaining a reaction product from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component, an aliphatic diamine component, and a monocarboxylic acid component, and a step (ii) of polymerizing the obtained reaction product.
- the method which consists of is mentioned.
- an aromatic dicarboxylic acid powder and a monocarboxylic acid are mixed and heated in advance to a temperature not lower than the melting point of the aliphatic diamine and not higher than the melting point of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid.
- a method of adding an aliphatic diamine to the dicarboxylic acid powder and the monocarboxylic acid without substantially containing water so as to keep the powdered state of the aromatic dicarboxylic acid can be mentioned.
- a suspension comprising a molten aliphatic diamine, a monocarboxylic acid, and a solid aromatic dicarboxylic acid is stirred and mixed to obtain a mixed solution, and then a semi-finished product finally formed.
- Step (i) is preferably the former method in which the shape of the reaction product can be easily controlled.
- the reaction product obtained in the step (i) is solid-phase polymerized at a temperature lower than the melting point of the semi-aromatic polyamide to be finally produced to increase the molecular weight to a predetermined molecular weight.
- a method for obtaining a semi-aromatic polyamide is preferably carried out in a stream of inert gas such as nitrogen at a polymerization temperature of 180 to 270 ° C. and a reaction time of 0.5 to 10 hours.
- step (i) and step (ii) are not particularly limited, and a known apparatus may be used. Step (i) and step (ii) may be performed by the same device or may be performed by different devices.
- the heating method in the heat polymerization method is not particularly limited, but the method of heating the reaction vessel with a medium such as water, steam, heat transfer oil, the method of heating the reaction vessel with an electric heater, the stirring generated by stirring A method of using frictional heat accompanying movement of contents such as heat can be mentioned. Moreover, you may combine these methods.
- a polymerization catalyst may be used in order to increase the polymerization efficiency.
- the polymerization catalyst include phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, and salts thereof.
- the addition amount of the polymerization catalyst is preferably 2 mol% or less with respect to the total moles of the raw material monomers.
- the fibrous reinforcing material (B) constituting the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- glass fiber and carbon fiber are preferable because they have a high effect of improving mechanical properties, have heat resistance that can withstand the heating temperature during melt kneading with the semi-aromatic polyamide (A), and are easily available.
- a fibrous reinforcement (B) may be used individually by 1 type among the above, and may use multiple types together.
- Glass fiber and carbon fiber are preferably surface-treated with a sizing agent.
- the main component of the sizing agent is preferably a film forming agent or a coupling agent.
- the film forming agent include urethane-based, epoxy-based, and acrylic resins. Among them, urethane-based resins are preferable because they have a high adhesion effect with glass fibers or carbon fibers and are excellent in heat resistance.
- the film forming agent preferably contains an acid component because the residence stability of the resin composition is improved.
- the acid component is preferably copolymerized with a resin which is a main component of the film forming agent.
- the acid component examples include anhydrides such as maleic anhydride, unsaturated monocarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and cinnamic acid, and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, and itaconic acid. It is done.
- the coupling agent examples include vinyl silane-based, acrylic silane-based, epoxy silane-based, amino silane-based, and amino titanium-based coupling agents, among which semi-aromatic polyamide (A) and glass fiber or carbon fiber.
- An aminosilane coupling agent is preferable because of its high adhesion effect and excellent heat resistance.
- the fiber length of the fibrous reinforcing material (B) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 7 mm, and more preferably 0.5 to 6 mm. By setting the fiber length of the fibrous reinforcing material (B) to 0.1 to 7 mm, the resin composition can be reinforced without adversely affecting the moldability.
- the fiber diameter of the fibrous reinforcing material (B) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 3 to 20 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 to 13 ⁇ m. By setting the fiber diameter of the fibrous reinforcing material (B) to 3 to 20 ⁇ m, the resin composition can be reinforced without breaking during melt-kneading. Examples of the cross-sectional shape of the fibrous reinforcing material (B) include a circular shape, a rectangular shape, an elliptical shape, and other irregular cross-sections, and a circular shape is preferable among them.
- the content of the fibrous reinforcing material (B) in the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition needs to be 20 to 110 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the semi-aromatic polyamide (A), and 30 to 110 parts by mass. Parts, and more preferably 50 to 110 parts by mass.
- the content of the fibrous reinforcing material (B) is less than 20 parts by mass, the resulting molded article has a good surface appearance, but the effect of improving mechanical properties is small.
- the content of the fibrous reinforcing material (B) exceeds 110 parts by mass, the resulting molded body has the fibrous reinforcing material (B) raised on the surface, resulting in poor surface appearance.
- the azine dye (C) constituting the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition of the present invention is a hexaatomic heterocycle having two or more heteroatoms in the ring and at least one of the heteroatoms being a nitrogen atom.
- a general term for dyes having Examples of azine dyes include COLOR INDEX and C.I. I. SOLVENT BLACK 5 and C.I. I. Nigrosine compounds such as those described as SOLVENT BLACK 7 are preferred.
- the nigrosine compound can be produced by adding hydrochloric acid to aniline or hydrochloride of aniline and nitrobenzene, and dehydrating, deammonizing, or oxidizing / reducing condensation reaction under a catalyst such as copper or iron.
- Examples of commercially available azine dyes include NUbian BLACK NH-805, NUbian BLACK NH-815, NUbian BLACK TN-870, NUbian BLACK TH-807, and NUbian BLACK TH-827 manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Examples include Spirit Black MB, Spirit Black CA, Nigrosine Base Black S, Nigrosine Base Black SF, and Nigrosine Base Black 109.
- the content of the azine dye (C) in the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition needs to be 0.1 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the semi-aromatic polyamide (A). Is preferably 4 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5-3 parts by mass. If the content of the azine dye (C) is less than 0.1 parts by mass, the appearance of the resulting molded article cannot be improved. On the other hand, when the content of the azine dye (C) exceeds 5 parts by mass, the obtained molded article has insufficient mechanical properties.
- the content of the azine dye (C) is from 0.1 to 5 parts by mass, the appearance surface of the resulting molded body is improved and the solidification of the resin composition is slow in the mold during molding. Thus, the time until the gate seal is lengthened and sufficient holding pressure can be applied, so that the amount of sink marks in the resulting molded body can be reduced.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition of the present invention may further contain a polyhydric alcohol (D).
- the polyhydric alcohol (D) is a compound containing two or more hydroxyl groups. Examples of the polyhydric alcohol (D) include saturated aliphatic compounds, unsaturated aliphatic compounds, alicyclic compounds, aromatic compounds, and saccharides.
- the polyhydric alcohol (D) may contain one or more heteroatoms such as oxygen, nitrogen and / or sulfur.
- the polyhydric alcohol (D) may contain a substituent other than the hydroxyl group, for example, an ether, carboxylic acid, amide or ester group.
- the polyhydric alcohol may be a low molecular weight compound or a polymer type high molecular weight compound in which a certain monomer unit repeats.
- a polyhydric alcohol (B) may be used individually by 1 type, and may use multiple types together.
- saturated aliphatic compound examples include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, and glycerin monomethacrylate.
- Low molecular weight alcohol glycerol, trimethylolpropane, hexane-1,2,6-triol, 1,1,1-tris- (hydroxymethyl) ethane, 3- (2'-hydroxyethoxy) -propane-1, 2-diol, 3- (2'-hydroxypropoxy) -propane-1,2-diol, 2- (2'-hydroxyethoxy) -hexane-1,2-diol, 6- (2'-hydroxypropoxy)- Hexane-1,2-diol, 1,1,1-tris-[(2'-hydroxyethyl Trivalent low molecular weight alcohols such as xyl) -methyl] -ethane, 1,1,1-tris-[(2′-hydroxypropoxy) -methyl] -propane, trimethylolpropane ethoxylate, trimethylolpropane propoxylate; Low molecular weight alcohols having a valence of 4 or more such as di-trimethylol
- Examples of the unsaturated aliphatic compound include ricinoleyl alcohol.
- Examples of alicyclic compounds include 1,2-cyclohexanediol, 1,3-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,3,5-cyclohexanetriol, 2,3-di- (2′-hydroxy Ethyl) -cyclohexane-1-ol.
- aromatic compound examples include 1,2-benzenedimethanol, 1,3-benzenedimethanol, 1,4-benzenedimethanol, hydrobenzoin, 1,1,2,2-tetraphenylethane-1,2 -Diol, 1,1,1-tris- (4'-hydroxyphenyl) -ethane, 1,1,1-tris- (hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 1,1,3-tris- (dihydroxy-3-methyl Phenyl) -propane, 1,1,4-tris- (dihydroxyphenyl) -butane, 1,1,5-tris- (hydroxyphenyl) -3-methylpentane, bisphenoxyethanol fluorene.
- saccharide examples include cyclodextrin, D-mannose, glucose, galactose, sucrose, fructose, xylose, arabinose, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, D- or L-arabitol, xylitol, iditol, galactitol, taritol, Examples include allitol, altitol, giltor, erythritol, threitol, ribitol, and D-gulonic acid- ⁇ -lactone.
- Examples of the polyhydric alcohol having two or more hydroxyl groups and having an ester group as the other substituent include esters composed of pentaerythritol and a fatty acid (for example, Unistar H series manufactured by NOF Corporation), dipentaerythritol. And an ester composed of dibasic acid (for example, Anomoto Fine Techno Co., Ltd., Pleniser series).
- the content of the polyhydric alcohol (D) is 0.05 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the semi-aromatic polyamide (A).
- the amount is 0.1 to 8 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.2 to 5 parts by mass.
- the content of the polyhydric alcohol (D) is 0.05 to 10 parts by mass, the heat aging resistance of the molded article can be improved.
- liquidity at the time of melt processing becomes high, and the surface external appearance of the molded object obtained improves.
- the combined use of the azine dye (C) and the polyhydric alcohol (D) in a specific amount makes it easier to effectively hold the pressure at the time of molding to the flow end, and the amount of sink marks in the resulting molded product is markedly increased. Reduced.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition of the present invention may further contain a polyamide (E) other than the semi-aromatic polyamide (A).
- a polyamide (E) other than the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) include semi-aromatic polyamide, aliphatic polyamide, and alicyclic polyamide. It is done.
- Examples of the semi-aromatic polyamide other than the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) include a semi-aromatic polyamide which is amorphous or has a melting point of less than 300 ° C., and includes terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and aliphatic diamine. A copolymer can be illustrated.
- Examples of the aliphatic polyamide other than the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) include polyamide 6, polyamide 11, polyamide 12, polyamide 46, polyamide 410, polyamide 412, polyamide 510, polyamide 512, polyamide 66, polyamide 610, polyamide 612, Examples thereof include polyamide 1010, polyamide 1012, polyamide 6/66, polyamide 66/1010, and polyamide 66/612.
- Examples of the alicyclic polyamide other than the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) include polyamide 2Me5C, polyamide 6C, polyamide 8C, polyamide 9C, polyamide 10C, and polyamide 12C.
- C represents 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid
- 2Me5 represents 2-methylpentamethylenediamine.
- the content is preferably 1 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the semi-aromatic polyamide (A).
- the amount is more preferably from 50 to 50 parts by mass, and further preferably from 3 to 30 parts by mass.
- solidification in the mold of the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) is delayed, so that the surface appearance of the molded body is improved, Molding defects such as sink marks can be improved, and a decrease in weld strength seen in a semi-aromatic polyamide molded body containing a certain amount or more of a fibrous reinforcing agent can be suppressed.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition of the present invention may further contain a stabilizer such as an antioxidant (F), a light stabilizer or a heat stabilizer.
- a stabilizer such as an antioxidant (F), a light stabilizer or a heat stabilizer.
- antioxidant (F) examples include hindered phenol-based antioxidants, sulfur-based antioxidants, and phosphorus-based antioxidants.
- hindered phenol antioxidant examples include n-octadecyl-3- (3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate, n-octadecyl-3- (3′- Methyl-5'-t-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate, n-tetradecyl-3- (3 ', 5'-di-t-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate, 1,6- Hexanediol-bis- [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate], 1,4-butanediol-bis- [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl -4-hydroxyphenyl) -propionate], 2,2'-
- a dophenol-type antioxidant may be used individually by 1 type among the above, and may use multiple types together.
- Examples of commercially available hindered phenol antioxidants include ADEKA STAB AO-20, AO-30, AO-40, AO-50, AO-60, AO-70, AO-80, AO-330, manufactured by Adeka Corporation.
- sulfur-based antioxidants include distearyl 3,3′-thiodipropionate, pentaerythrityltetrakis (3-laurylthiopropionate), 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, didodecyl 3,3′-thiodiprote. Pionate, dioctadecyl 3,3'-thiodipropionate, ditridecyl 3,4'-thiodipropionate, 2,2-bis [[3- (dodecylthio) -1-oxopropoxy] methyl] -1,3 Mention may be made of propanediyl esters.
- a sulfur type antioxidant may be used individually by 1 type among the above, and may use multiple types together. Examples of commercially available sulfur-based antioxidants include Sumitizer TP-D manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the phosphorus antioxidant may be either an inorganic compound or an organic compound.
- phosphorus antioxidants include inorganic phosphates such as monosodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, trisodium phosphate, sodium phosphite, calcium phosphite, magnesium phosphite, and manganese phosphite; Phenyl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, trinonyl phenyl phosphite, diphenyl isodecyl phosphite, bis (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pho
- Examples of light stabilizers include hindered amine light stabilizers.
- Examples of the hindered amine light stabilizer include tetrakis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylate, tetrakis (2,2,6, 6).
- a hindered amine light stabilizer may be used individually by 1 type among the above, and may use multiple types together.
- Examples of commercially available hindered amine light stabilizers include Nylostab S-EED manufactured by Clariant Japan, Biosorb 04 manufactured by Kyodo Yakuhin, Siasorb UV-3346 manufactured by Cytec, Adeka Stub LA-57, LA-63P, LA-63P, and LA- 68, BASF Corporation Chimassorb 119, 944, Tinuvin 622, 765.
- a copper compound may be mentioned.
- the copper compound include copper chloride, copper bromide, copper fluoride, copper iodide, copper thiocyanate, copper nitrate, copper acetate, naphthene copper, copper caprate, copper laurate, copper stearate, copper acetylacetone, Examples include copper oxide.
- the copper compound is preferably used in combination with an iodine compound.
- the iodine compound include potassium iodide, magnesium iodide, and ammonium iodide.
- the content thereof is 0.005 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the semi-aromatic polyamide (A). It is preferably 0.1 to 1 part by mass.
- the content of the stabilizer is 0.1 to 3 parts by mass, the heat aging resistance and the residence stability during melt processing can be improved.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition of the present invention may be added with other fillers, flame retardants, colorants, antistatic agents, impact resistance improvers, slidability improvers and the like as necessary.
- the filler include talc, swellable clay mineral, silica, alumina, glass beads, and graphite.
- the flame retardant include a bromine-containing flame retardant, a nitrogen-containing flame retardant, a phosphorus-containing flame retardant, a nitrogen-phosphorus-containing flame retardant, and a hydrated metal flame retardant.
- the colorant include pigments such as titanium oxide and carbon black.
- Examples of the antistatic agent include an anionic antistatic agent, a cationic antistatic agent, and a nonionic antistatic agent.
- Examples of the impact resistance improver include (ethylene and / or propylene) ⁇ ⁇ -olefin copolymer, (ethylene and / or propylene) ⁇ ( ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid and / or unsaturated carboxylic acid and And / or unsaturated carboxylic acid ester) -based copolymers, styrene-based elastomers, core-shell impact modifiers, and the like.
- Examples of the slidability improver include fluorine resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and silicones such as polydimethylsiloxane and fluorine-modified polydimethylsiloxane.
- a semi-aromatic polyamide (A), a fibrous reinforcing material (B), an azine dye (C), if necessary, a polyhydric alcohol (D), a polyamide other than the semi-aromatic polyamide (A)
- the method of producing a semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition by blending E), a stabilizer, other additives and the like is not particularly limited as long as the effect is not impaired, but a melt-kneading method is preferable.
- melt kneading method examples include a method using a batch kneader such as a Brabender, a Banbury mixer, a Henschel mixer, a helical rotor, a roll, a single screw extruder, a twin screw extruder and the like.
- the melt kneading temperature is selected from a range in which the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) melts and does not decompose. If the melt-kneading temperature is too high, the semi-aromatic polyamide (A) may be decomposed, and therefore it is preferably (Tm ⁇ 20 ° C.) to (Tm + 40 ° C.).
- the melt-kneaded resin composition is extruded into a strand shape into a pellet shape, hot cut, underwater cut into a pellet shape method, extruded into a sheet shape, cut into a block shape, extruded into a block shape and crushed.
- the powder can be processed into various shapes, for example, depending on the powder shape.
- the molded product of the present invention is formed by molding the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition.
- the molding method include an injection molding method, an extrusion molding method, a blow molding method, and a sintering molding method, and the injection molding method is preferable because it has a great effect of improving mechanical properties and moldability.
- the injection molding machine is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a screw in-line type injection molding machine and a plunger type injection molding machine.
- a semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition heated and melted in a cylinder of an injection molding machine is weighed for each shot, injected into a mold in a molten state, cooled to a predetermined shape, solidified, and then formed into a molded body. Removed from the mold.
- the resin temperature during injection molding is preferably Tm or more, and more preferably less than (Tm + 40 ° C.).
- the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition When the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition is melt-processed, it is preferable to use semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition pellets that have been sufficiently dried. If a semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition containing a large amount of water is used, the resin may foam in the cylinder of the injection molding machine, making it difficult to obtain an optimal molded product.
- the water content of the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition pellets used for injection molding is preferably less than 0.3 parts by mass and less than 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition. More preferably.
- the molded body of the present invention can be used in a wide range of applications such as automobile parts, electrical and electronic parts, sundries, and civil engineering and building supplies.
- automobile parts include a thermostat cover, an IGBT module member of an inverter, an insulator member, an intercooler member, an exhaust finisher, a power device housing, an ECU housing, an ECU connector, a motor or coil insulation material, a cable coating material, a motor And sliding members of bearings such as gears.
- Examples of electrical / electronic components include connectors, LED reflectors, switches, sensors, sockets, capacitors, jacks, fuse holders, relays, coil bobbins, breakers, electromagnetic switches, holders, plugs, and housings for electrical devices such as portable personal computers. Examples include parts, sliding members of bearings of printers and multifunction machines, resistors, ICs, and LED housings.
- the physical properties of the semi-aromatic polyamide and the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition were measured by the following methods.
- Tensile strength was measured in accordance with ISO178 using test pieces 1, 2, 3, and 4 prepared by the following method. Obtain the tensile strength retention rate (%) of the test piece 2 with respect to the test piece 1, evaluate the retention stability, obtain the tensile strength retention rate (%) of the test piece 3 with respect to the test piece 1, and evaluate the heat aging resistance. Further, the tensile strength retention rate (%) of the test piece 4 with respect to the test piece 1 was determined, and the strength of the molded body having a weld portion was evaluated.
- ⁇ Test piece 1> (Test piece prepared under standard conditions) Using semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition, injection molding machine S2000i-100B type (manufactured by FANUC), cylinder temperature (Tm + 15 ° C.), mold temperature (Tm-185 ° C.), residence time in cylinder 10 seconds The test piece 1 (ISO multi-purpose test piece) was produced.
- ⁇ Test piece 2> Retention stability evaluation test piece, 600-second retention treatment
- the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition was subjected to conditions of cylinder temperature (Tm + 15 ° C.), mold temperature (Tm-185 ° C.), and residence time in the cylinder of 600 seconds using an injection molding machine S2000i-100B type (manufactured by FANUC).
- the test piece 2 (ISO multipurpose test piece) was produced by injection molding.
- the residence time in the cylinder was set to 600 seconds by adjusting the cooling time.
- ⁇ Test piece 3> (Test piece for evaluation of heat aging resistance, heat treatment at 200 ° C. for 1000 hours)
- the test piece 1 was heat-treated at 200 ° C.
- Test piece 4 (Test piece for strength evaluation of a molded product having a weld part) Using semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition, injection molding machine S2000i-100B type (manufactured by FANUC), cylinder temperature (Tm + 15 ° C.), mold temperature (Tm-185 ° C.), residence time in cylinder 10 seconds
- a test piece 4 ISO multi-purpose test piece having a weld part was formed by forming with a two-point gate from both ends so that a weld was formed in the center.
- Bar flow flow length A semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition is injected into a cylinder temperature (Tm + 15 ° C.), mold temperature (Tm-185 ° C.), injection using an injection molding machine S2000i-100B type (manufactured by FANUC).
- the flow length of the test piece at the time of molding at a pressure of 150 MPa, an injection time of 8 seconds, and a set injection speed of 150 mm / second was measured and used as a bar flow flow length.
- As the mold a bar flow test mold having a thickness of 0.5 mm, a width of 20 mm, and a length of 980 mm was used.
- the surface appearance of the test piece 1 was visually observed and evaluated according to the following criteria.
- Aromatic dicarboxylic acid component / TPA terephthalic acid / IPA: isophthalic acid
- Fibrous reinforcing material B-1 Glass fiber (T-262H manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd., average fiber diameter 10.5 ⁇ m, average fiber length 3 mm, film forming agent: acid copolymer system)
- B-2 carbon fiber (HTA-C6-NR, manufactured by Toho Tenax Co., Ltd., average fiber diameter 7 ⁇ m, average fiber length 6 mm)
- Azine dyes and C-1 Solvent Black 7 (NUBIAN BLACK TH-807 manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries)
- C-2 Solvent Black 5 (NUBIAN BLACK NH-815, manufactured by Orient Chemical Industries)
- Antioxidant F-1 Bis (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite (phosphorus antioxidant, Adeka Stab PEP-36 manufactured by Adeka)
- (9) Semi-aromatic polyamide / Semi-aromatic polyamide (A-1) 4.70 kg of powdered terephthalic acid (TPA) as an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component, 0.32 kg of stearic acid (STA) as a monocarboxylic acid component, and 9.3 g of sodium hypophosphite monohydrate as a polymerization catalyst, was put into a ribbon blender reactor and heated to 170 ° C. with stirring at a rotation speed of 30 rpm under nitrogen sealing. Thereafter, while maintaining the temperature at 170 ° C. and maintaining the rotation speed at 30 rpm, 4.98 kg of 1,10-decanediamine (DDA) heated to 100 ° C.
- TPA powdered terephthalic acid
- STA stearic acid
- DDA 1,10-decanediamine
- reaction product was polymerized by heating at 250 ° C. and a rotation speed of 30 rpm for 8 hours under a nitrogen stream in the same reaction apparatus to prepare a semi-aromatic polyamide powder.
- the obtained semi-aromatic polyamide powder is formed into a strand shape using a twin-screw kneader, and the strand is cooled and solidified by passing it through a water tank, which is then cut with a pelletizer to obtain a semi-aromatic polyamide (A-1). Pellets were obtained.
- Semi-aromatic polyamides (A-2) to (A-7) are the same as semi-aromatic polyamides (A-1) except that the types and molar ratios of the monomers constituting the semi-aromatic polyamides are changed as shown in Table 1. A-7) was obtained.
- Example 1 100 parts by weight of semi-aromatic polyamide (A-1), 1 part by weight of azine dye (C-1) and 0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant (F-1) are dry blended and supplied in a loss-in-weight type continuous quantitative supply. Weighed using equipment CE-W-1 (manufactured by Kubota), supplied to the main supply port of TEM26SS type (manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co.) with a screw diameter of 26 mm and L / D50, and melted. Kneading was performed. On the way, 20 parts by mass of fibrous reinforcing material (B-1) was supplied from the side feeder and further kneaded.
- CE-W-1 manufactured by Kubota
- TEM26SS type manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co.
- the cylinder temperature setting of the extruder was (Tm + 15 ° C.), the screw rotation speed was 250 rpm, and the discharge amount was 25 kg / hour.
- Examples 2 to 30, Comparative Examples 1 to 10 Except having changed the composition of the semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition as shown in Tables 2 and 3, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to obtain semi-aromatic polyamide resin composition pellets.
- the resin compositions of Examples 1 to 30 had high tensile strength retention after 600 seconds of retention treatment, excellent retention stability, and a long bar flow flow length.
- Each body has a high deflection temperature under load and excellent heat resistance, high tensile strength retention after heat treatment at 200 ° C. for 1000 hours, excellent heat aging resistance, high tensile strength, excellent mechanical properties, and surface appearance.
- the amount of sink marks was low and the moldability was excellent.
- Example 7 using 1,8-octanediamine (ODA) was used.
- a molded body having a higher deflection temperature under load was obtained with the resin composition.
- the resin composition having a higher content of the azine dye (C) was improved in surface appearance and the amount of sink marks was reduced.
- the resin composition having a higher polyhydric alcohol (D) content has a longer bar flow flow length, and the resulting molded article has improved surface appearance and improved tensile strength.
- the resin composition having a higher content of aliphatic polyamide as the other polyamide (E) has a longer bar flow flow length, and the resulting molded article has improved surface appearance.
- the weld strength was high and the amount of sink marks was reduced.
- the resin composition can be any of the polyhydric alcohol (D) and the aliphatic polyamide (E).
- the bar flow fluidity was improved and the molded body had a reduced amount of sink marks as compared with the case of containing only one kind.
- Comparative Example 7 Since the resin composition of Comparative Example 7 had a low content of the fibrous reinforcing material (B), the molded article had a low tensile strength, and Comparative Example 8 had a high content of the fibrous reinforcing material (B). The molded body had a poor surface appearance. Since the resin composition of Comparative Example 9 had a low content of the azine dye (C), the molded product had a poor surface appearance. In Comparative Example 10, the content of the azine dye (C) was high. The molded product had a low tensile strength.
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Abstract
Description
半芳香族ポリアミドは、一定量以上の繊維状強化剤を併用した場合、成形時の流動性が低下し、得られる成形体は、表面外観が劣るものになることが知られている。ポリアミド樹脂の表面外観を改善する方法としては、アジン系染料を配合する方法が知られている。例えば、特許文献1には、半芳香族ポリアミドに、アジン系染料、ガラス繊維、無機充填材、カーボンブラック、銅化合物を加えた半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物が開示されている。また、特許文献2には、半芳香族ポリアミドと、不飽和化合物により変性された変性樹脂とを溶融混練した混合物に、さらにアジン系染料であるニグロシンを溶融混練したポリアミド組成物が開示されている。
(1)半芳香族ポリアミド(A)100質量部と、繊維状強化材(B)20~110質量部と、アジン系染料(C)0.1~5質量部とを含有する半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物であって、
半芳香族ポリアミド(A)は、芳香族ジカルボン酸成分と脂肪族ジアミン成分とモノカルボン酸成分とを構成成分とし、融点が300℃以上であり、
半芳香族ポリアミド(A)を構成するモノカルボン酸成分は、分子量が200以上である脂肪族モノカルボン酸であることを特徴とする半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物。
(2)多価アルコール(D)0.05~10質量部を含有することを特徴とする(1)記載の半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物。
(3)半芳香族ポリアミド(A)以外のポリアミド(E)1~50質量部を含有することを特徴とする(1)または(2)記載の半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物。
(4)上記(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物を成形してなることを特徴とする成形体。
本発明の半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物は、半芳香族ポリアミド(A)、繊維状強化材(B)およびアジン系染料(C)を含有する。
なお、半芳香族ポリアミド(A)のジカルボン酸成分として、本発明の目的を損なわない限り、シュウ酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、ピメリン酸、スベリン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、ウンデカン二酸、ドデカン二酸などの脂肪族ジカルボン酸や、シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸などの脂環式ジカルボンを含有してもよい。
なお、半芳香族ポリアミド(A)のジアミン成分として、本発明の目的を損なわない限り、キシリレンジアミン、フェニレンジアミンなどの芳香族ジアミンを含有してもよい。
分子量が200以上である脂肪族モノカルボン酸成分の含有量は、半芳香族ポリアミド(A)を構成する全モノマー成分に対して0.3~4.0モル%であることが好ましく、0.3~3.0モル%であることがより好ましく、0.3~2.5モル%であることがさらに好ましく、0.8~2.5モル%であることが特に好ましい。脂肪族モノカルボン酸成分の含有量が0.3~4.0モル%であることにより、半芳香族ポリアミド(A)は、溶融加工時の流動性が向上するため、樹脂組成物は成形時において金型転写性が向上し、結果として成形体は表面外観が向上し、離型性も向上する。
被膜形成剤としては、例えば、ウレタン系、エポキシ系、アクリル系の樹脂が挙げられ、中でも、ガラス繊維または炭素繊維との密着効果が高く、耐熱性に優れることから、ウレタン系樹脂が好ましい。被膜形成剤中には、樹脂組成物の滞留安定性が向上することから、酸成分を含有することが好ましい。酸成分は、被膜形成剤の主成分である樹脂に共重合していることが好ましい。酸成分としては、例えば、無水マレイン酸などの無水物や、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、ケイ皮酸などの不飽和モノカルボン酸や、マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸などの不飽和ジカルボン酸が挙げられる。
カップリング剤としては、例えば、ビニルシラン系、アクリルシラン系、エポキシシラン系、アミノシラン系、アミノチタン系などのカップリング剤が挙げられ、中でも、半芳香族ポリアミド(A)とガラス繊維または炭素繊維との密着効果が高く、耐熱性に優れることから、アミノシラン系カップリング剤が好ましい。
繊維状強化材(B)の含有量が20質量部未満であると、得られる成形体は、表面外観が良好であるが、機械的特性の向上効果が小さいものとなる。
一方、繊維状強化材(B)の含有量が110質量部を超えると、得られる成形体は、表面に繊維状強化材(B)が浮き出してしまい、表面外観が劣るものとなり、また、機械的特性の向上効果が飽和し、それ以上の向上効果が見込めない。また、繊維状強化材(B)の含有量が110質量部を超えると、溶融混練時の作業性が低下し、半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物のペレットを得ることが困難になる。また、樹脂組成物の流動性が大幅に損なわれるために、溶融加工時にせん断発熱により樹脂温度が高くなったり、流動性を向上させるために樹脂温度を高くせざるを得ない状況になったりするため、結果的に半芳香族ポリアミドの分子量低下や機械的特性の低下を招く。
市販のアジン系染料としては、例えば、オリエント化学社製NUBIAN BLACK NH-805、NUBIAN BLACK NH-815、NUBIAN BLACK TN-870、NUBIAN BLACK TH-807、NUBIAN BLACK TH-827や、中央合成化学社製Spirit Black MB、Spirit Black CA、Nigrosine Base Black S、Nigrosine Base Black SF、Nigrosine Base Black 109が挙げられる。
多価アルコール(D)とは、2個以上のヒドロキシル基を含有する化合物である。多価アルコール(D)としては、飽和脂肪族化合物、不飽和脂肪族化合物、脂環式化合物、芳香族化合物、糖類が挙げられる。多価アルコール(D)は、1つまたは複数のヘテロ原子、例えば酸素、窒素および/または硫黄を含有してもよい。多価アルコール(D)は、ヒドロキシル基以外の置換基、例えば、エーテル、カルボン酸、アミドまたはエステル基を含有してもよい。また、多価アルコールは低分子量化合物であっても、一定のモノマー単位が繰り返すポリマー型の高分子量化合物であってもよい。多価アルコール(B)は、1種を単独で用いてもよいし、複数種を併用してもよい。
脂環式化合物としては、例えば、1,2-シクロヘキサンジオール、1,3-シクロヘキサンジオール、1,4-シクロヘキサンジオール、1,3,5-シクロヘキサントリオール、2,3-ジ-(2′-ヒドロキシエチル)-シクロヘキサン-1-オールが挙げられる。
芳香族化合物としては、例えば、1,2-ベンゼンジメタノール、1,3-ベンゼンジメタノール、1,4-ベンゼンジメタノール、ヒドロベンゾイン、1,1,2,2-テトラフェニルエタン-1,2-ジオール、1,1,1-トリス-(4′-ヒドロキシフェニル)-エタン、1,1,1-トリス-(ヒドロキシフェニル)-プロパン、1,1,3-トリス-(ジヒドロキシ-3-メチルフェニル)-プロパン、1,1,4-トリス-(ジヒドロキシフェニル)-ブタン、1,1,5-トリス-(ヒドロキシフェニル)-3-メチルペンタン、ビスフェノキシエタノールフルオレンが挙げられる。
糖類としては、例えば、シクロデキストリン、D-マンノース、グルコース、ガラクトース、ショ糖、フルクトース、キシロース、アラビノース、D-マンニトール、D-ソルビトール、D-またはL-アラビトール、キシリトール、イジトール、ガラクチトール、タリトール、アリトール、アルトリトール、ギルトール、エリスリトール、トレイトール、リビトール、D-グロン酸-γ-ラクトンが挙げられる。
半芳香族ポリアミド(A)以外のポリアミド(E)(以下、「他のポリアミド(E)」と略称することがある。)としては、半芳香族ポリアミド、脂肪族ポリアミド、脂環族ポリアミドが挙げられる。
ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤としては、例えば、n-オクタデシル-3-(3′,5′-ジ-t-ブチル-4′-ヒドロキシフェニル)-プロピオネート、n-オクタデシル-3-(3′-メチル-5′-t-ブチル-4′-ヒドロキシフェニル)-プロピオネート、n-テトラデシル-3-(3′,5′-ジ-t-ブチル-4′-ヒドロキシフェニル)-プロピオネート、1,6-ヘキサンジオール-ビス-[3-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-プロピオネート]、1,4-ブタンジオール-ビス-[3-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-プロピオネート]、2,2′-メチレンビス-(4-メチル-t-ブチルフェノール)、トリエチレングリコール-ビス-[3-(3-t-ブチル-5-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-プロピオネート]、テトラキス[メチレン-3-(3′,5′-ジ-t-ブチル-4′-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]メタン、3,9-ビス[2-{3-(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルフェニル)プロピオニルオキシ}-1,1-ジメチルエチル]2,4,8,10-テトラオキサスピロ(5,5)ウンデカン、N,N′-ビス-3-(3′,5′-ジ-t-ブチル-4′-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオニルヘキサメチレンジアミン、N,N′-テトラメチレン-ビス-3-(3′-メチル-5′-t-ブチル-4′-ヒドロキシフェノール)プロピオニルジアミン、N,N′-ビス-[3-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェノール)プロピオニル]ヒドラジン、N-サリチロイル-N′-サリチリデンヒドラジン、3-(N-サリチロイル)アミノ-1,2,4-トリアゾール、N,N′-ビス[2-{3-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオニルオキシ}エチル]オキシアミド、ペンタエリスリチル-テトラキス[3-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]、N,N′-ヘキサメチレンビス-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-ヒドロシンナマイドが挙げられる。
中でも、トリエチレングリコール-ビス-[3-(3-t-ブチル-5-メチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-プロピオネート]、テトラキス[メチレン-3-(3′,5′-ジ-t-ブチル-4′-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]メタン、1,6-ヘキサンジオール-ビス-[3-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)-プロピオネート]、ペンタエリスリチル-テトラキス[3-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]、N,N′-ヘキサメチレンビス-(3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-ヒドロシンナマイドが好ましい。ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤は、上記のうち1種を単独で用いてもよいし、複数種を併用してもよい。
市販のヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤としては、例えば、アデカ社製アデカスタブAO-20、AO-30、AO-40、AO-50、AO-60、AO-70、AO-80、AO-330、チバスペシャリティケミカル社製イルガノックス245、259、565、1010、1035、1076、1098、1222、1330、1425、1520、3114、5057、住友化学工業社製スミライザーBHT-R、MDP-S、BBM-S、WX-R、NW、BP-76、BP-101、GA-80、GM、GS、サイアナミド社製サイアノックスCY-1790が挙げられる。
溶融混練法としては、ブラベンダーなどのバッチ式ニーダー、バンバリーミキサー、ヘンシェルミキサー、ヘリカルローター、ロール、一軸押出機、二軸押出機などを用いる方法が挙げられる。溶融混練温度は、半芳香族ポリアミド(A)が溶融し、分解しない範囲から選ばれる。溶融混練温度は、高すぎると、半芳香族ポリアミド(A)が分解するおそれがあることから、(Tm-20℃)~(Tm+40℃)であることが好ましい。
溶融混練された樹脂組成物は、ストランド状に押出しペレット形状にする方法や、ホットカット、アンダーウォーターカットしてペレット形状にする方法や、シート状に押出しカッティングする方法や、ブロック状に押出し粉砕してパウダー形状にする方法などにより、様々な形状に加工することができる。
自動車部品としては、例えば、サーモスタットカバー、インバータのIGBTモジュール部材、インシュレーター部材、インタークーラー部材、エキゾーストフィニッシャー、パワーデバイス筐体、ECU筐体、ECUコネクタ、モーターやコイルの絶縁材、ケーブルの被覆材、モーターやギアなどの軸受け部の摺動部材が挙げられる。電気電子部品としては、例えば、コネクタ、LEDリフレクタ、スイッチ、センサー、ソケット、コンデンサー、ジャック、ヒューズホルダー、リレー、コイルボビン、ブレーカー、電磁開閉器、ホルダー、プラグ、携帯用パソコンなどの電気機器の筐体部品、プリンタや複合機の軸受け部の摺動部材、抵抗器、IC、LEDのハウジングが挙げられる。
半芳香族ポリアミドおよび半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物の物性測定は以下の方法によりおこなった。
(1)相対粘度
96質量%硫酸を溶媒とし、濃度1g/dL、25℃で測定した。
示差走査熱量計DSC-7型(パーキンエルマー社製)用い、窒素雰囲気下にて昇温速度20℃/分で370℃まで昇温した後、370℃で5分間保持し、降温速度20℃/分で25℃まで降温し、さらに25℃で5分間保持後、再び昇温速度20℃/分で昇温した際の吸熱ピークのトップとした。
半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂を、高分解能核磁気共鳴装置(日本電子社製、「ECA500NMR」)を用いて、分解能:500MHz、溶媒:重水素化トリフルオロ酢酸、温度:25℃の条件で、1H-NMR分析し、カルボン酸とアミン末端基量を求めた。
下記の方法で作製した試験片1、2、3、4を用いて、ISO178に準拠して引張強度を測定した。試験片1に対する試験片2の引張強度保持率(%)を求め、滞留安定性を評価し、また試験片1に対する試験片3の引張強度保持率(%)を求め、耐熱老化性を評価し、また試験片1に対する試験片4の引張強度保持率(%)を求め、ウェルド部を有する成形体の強度を評価した。
<試験片1>(標準条件で作製した試験片)
半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物を、射出成形機S2000i-100B型(ファナック社製)を用いて、シリンダー温度(Tm+15℃)、金型温度(Tm-185℃)、シリンダー内滞留時間10秒の条件で射出成形し、試験片1(ISO多目的試験片)を作製した。
<試験片2>(滞留安定性評価用試験片、600秒滞留処理)
半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物を、射出成形機S2000i-100B型(ファナック社製)を用いて、シリンダー温度(Tm+15℃)、金型温度(Tm-185℃)、シリンダー内滞留時間600秒の条件で射出成形し、試験片2(ISO多目的試験片)を作製した。シリンダー内滞留時間は、冷却時間を調整することにより600秒とした。
<試験片3>(耐熱老化性評価用試験片、200℃×1000時間熱処理)
試験片1を、熱風炉の中で、200℃で1000時間熱処理して、試験片3を作製した。
<試験片4>(ウェルド部を有する成形体の強度評価用試験片)
半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物を、射出成形機S2000i-100B型(ファナック社製)を用いて、シリンダー温度(Tm+15℃)、金型温度(Tm-185℃)、シリンダー内滞留時間10秒の条件で、中央にウェルドが生じるように両端から2点ゲートで成形し、ウェルド部を有する試験片4(ISO多目的試験片)を作製した。
半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物を、射出成形機S2000i-100B型(ファナック社製)を用いて、シリンダー温度(Tm+15℃)、金型温度(Tm-185℃)、射出圧力150MPa、射出時間8秒、設定射出速度150mm/秒で成形した際の試験片の流動長を測定し、バーフロー流動長とした。金型としては、厚み0.5mm、幅20mm、長さ980mmのバーフロー試験金型を用いた。
試験片1を用いて、ISO75-1、2に従って、荷重1.8MPaで荷重たわみ温度を測定した。
試験片1の表面外観を目視で観察し、次の基準で評価した。
◎:繊維状強化材の浮きがなく、表面にざらつきがない。
○:繊維状強化材の浮きが見えるか、表面にざらつきがあるかのいずれかである。
×:繊維状強化材の浮きがあり、かつ、表面にざらつきがある。
金型として、厚み5mm、幅127mm、長さ127mmのプレート金型を用いた以外は試験片1と同様に成形して作製した試験片において、ヒケが生じている箇所の深さを測定し、その平均値を求めて、ヒケ量とした。
実施例および比較例で用いた原料を以下に示す。
(1)芳香族ジカルボン酸成分
・TPA:テレフタル酸
・IPA:イソフタル酸
・ODA:1,8-オクタンジアミン
・NDA:1,9-ノナンジアミン
・DDA:1,10-デカンジアミン
・STA:ステアリン酸(分子量:284)
・MYA:ミリスチン酸(分子量:228)
・CAA:カプリン酸(分子量:172)
・BA:安息香酸(分子量:122)
・B-1:ガラス繊維(日本電気硝子社製 T-262H、平均繊維径10.5μm、平均繊維長3mm、被膜形成剤:酸共重合物系)
・B-2:炭素繊維(東邦テナックス社製 HTA-C6-NR、平均繊維径7μm、平均繊維長6mm)
・C-1:ソルベントブラック7(オリエント化学工業社製 NUBIAN BLACK TH-807)
・C-2:ソルベントブラック5(オリエント化学工業社製 NUBIAN BLACK NH-815)
・D-1:ジペンタエリスリトール(広栄化学工業社製 ジ・ペンタリット)
・E-1:ポリアミド66(ユニチカ社製 A125J 融点265℃)
・E-2:ポリアミド6(ユニチカ社製 A1030BRL 融点225℃)
・F-1:ビス(2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-メチルフェニル)ペンタエリスリトールジホスファイト(リン系酸化防止剤、アデカ社製 アデカスタブPEP-36)
・半芳香族ポリアミド(A-1)
芳香族ジカルボン酸成分として粉末状のテレフタル酸(TPA)4.70kgと、モノカルボン酸成分としてステアリン酸(STA)0.32kgと、重合触媒として次亜リン酸ナトリウム一水和物9.3gとを、リボンブレンダー式の反応装置に入れ、窒素密閉下、回転数30rpmで撹拌しながら170℃に加熱した。その後、温度を170℃に保ち、かつ回転数を30rpmに保ったまま、液注装置を用いて、脂肪族ジアミン成分として100℃に加温した1,10-デカンジアミン(DDA)4.98kgを、2.5時間かけて連続的(連続液注方式)に添加し反応生成物を得た。なお、原料モノマーのモル比は、TPA:DDA:STA=48.5:49.6:1.9(原料モノマーの官能基の当量比率は、TPA:DDA:STA=49.0:50.0:1.0)であった。
続いて、得られた反応生成物を、同じ反応装置で、窒素気流下、250℃、回転数30rpmで8時間加熱して重合し、半芳香族ポリアミドの粉末を作製した。
その後、得られた半芳香族ポリアミドの粉末を、二軸混練機を用いてストランド状とし、ストランドを水槽に通して冷却固化し、それをペレタイザーでカッティングして半芳香族ポリアミド(A-1)ペレットを得た。
半芳香族ポリアミドを構成するモノマーの種類とモル比を表1に示すように変更した以外は、半芳香族ポリアミド(A-1)と同様にして、半芳香族ポリアミド(A-2)~(A-7)を得た。
半芳香族ポリアミド(A-1)100質量部、アジン系染料(C-1)1質量部、酸化防止剤(F-1)0.5質量部をドライブレンドし、ロスインウェイト式連続定量供給装置CE-W-1型(クボタ社製)を用いて計量し、スクリュー径26mm、L/D50の同方向二軸押出機TEM26SS型(東芝機械社製)の主供給口に供給して、溶融混練をおこなった。途中、サイドフィーダーより繊維状強化材(B-1)20質量部を供給し、さらに混練をおこなった。ダイスからストランド状に引き取った後、水槽に通して冷却固化し、それをペレタイザーでカッティングして半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物ペレットを得た。押出機のシリンダー温度設定は(Tm+15℃)、スクリュー回転数は250rpm、吐出量は25kg/時間とした。
半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物の組成を表2、3に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の操作をおこなって半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物ペレットを得た。
実施例2、4~6において、アジン系染料(C)の含有量が多い樹脂組成物の方が、得られた成形体は表面外観が向上し、ヒケ量も低減した。
実施例2、13~17において、多価アルコール(D)含有量が多い樹脂組成物の方が、バーフロー流動長が長くなり、得られた成形体は、表面外観が向上し、引張強度の低下が抑制されながらも、ヒケ量が格段に低減するとともに、耐熱老化性に優れていた。
実施例2、23~27において、他のポリアミド(E)としての脂肪族ポリアミドの含有量が多い樹脂組成物の方が、バーフロー流動長が長くなり、得られた成形体は表面外観が向上し、ウェルド強度が高く、ヒケ量も低減した。
実施例15と25と29との比較、および、実施例15と26と30との比較から、樹脂組成物は、多価アルコール(D)と他のポリアミド(E)としての脂肪族ポリアミドをいずれも含有する方が、1種類のみを含有する場合よりも、バーフロー流動性が向上し、成形体はヒケ量も低減していた。
比較例4~6の樹脂組成物は、モノカルボン酸成分として分子量が200未満の芳香族モノカルボン酸を含有する半芳香族ポリアミドを用いたため、実施例1~3の樹脂組成物と比較して、滞留安定性が低いものであった。
比較例7の樹脂組成物は、繊維状強化材(B)の含有量が少なかったため、成形体は引張強度が低く、比較例8は、繊維状強化材(B)の含有量が多かったため、成形体は表面外観が劣るものであった。
比較例9の樹脂組成物は、アジン系染料(C)の含有量が少なかったため、成形体は表面外観が劣るものであり、比較例10は、アジン系染料(C)の含有量が多かったため、成形体は引張強度が低いものであった。
Claims (4)
- 半芳香族ポリアミド(A)100質量部と、繊維状強化材(B)20~110質量部と、アジン系染料(C)0.1~5質量部とを含有する半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物であって、
半芳香族ポリアミド(A)は、芳香族ジカルボン酸成分と脂肪族ジアミン成分とモノカルボン酸成分とを構成成分とし、融点が300℃以上であり、
半芳香族ポリアミド(A)を構成するモノカルボン酸成分は、分子量が200以上である脂肪族モノカルボン酸であることを特徴とする半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物。 - 多価アルコール(D)0.05~10質量部を含有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- 半芳香族ポリアミド(A)以外のポリアミド(E)1~50質量部を含有することを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の半芳香族ポリアミド樹脂組成物を成形してなることを特徴とする成形体。
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JP2018095838A (ja) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-06-21 | エムス−パテント アクチエンゲゼルシャフト | ポリアミド成形組成物及びポリアミド成形組成物から形成された多層構造体 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3138878A1 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
US20170037217A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
EP3138878A4 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
CN106029783A (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
JP6609549B2 (ja) | 2019-11-20 |
JPWO2015166896A1 (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
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