WO2015146881A1 - 1-アリールイミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸誘導体の製造方法 - Google Patents
1-アリールイミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸誘導体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015146881A1 WO2015146881A1 PCT/JP2015/058671 JP2015058671W WO2015146881A1 WO 2015146881 A1 WO2015146881 A1 WO 2015146881A1 JP 2015058671 W JP2015058671 W JP 2015058671W WO 2015146881 A1 WO2015146881 A1 WO 2015146881A1
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- 0 C*C(CC=CC1(C)C=CC=CC1)=O Chemical compound C*C(CC=CC1(C)C=CC=CC1)=O 0.000 description 2
- WAJCXDTWHUDIPZ-NSCUHMNNSA-N C=[Br]C/C=C/CBr Chemical compound C=[Br]C/C=C/CBr WAJCXDTWHUDIPZ-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C227/14—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof
- C07C227/18—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof by reactions involving amino or carboxyl groups, e.g. hydrolysis of esters or amides, by formation of halides, salts or esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B53/00—Asymmetric syntheses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C227/30—Preparation of optical isomers
- C07C227/32—Preparation of optical isomers by stereospecific synthesis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C249/00—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C249/02—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton of compounds containing imino groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/07—Optical isomers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/02—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a three-membered ring
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a 1-arylimino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative useful as an intermediate for a pharmaceutical product, particularly a therapeutic agent for hepatitis C.
- the (1R, 2S) -1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative is useful as an intermediate for a therapeutic agent for hepatitis C, and its production method has been studied in detail in Non-Patent Document 1.
- N- (phenylmethylene) glycine ethyl ester of Compound No. 4 and (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene are reacted at room temperature in the presence of a base to obtain the following Compound No.
- cyclopropanation reaction 1-phenylimino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate (see the following formula, hereinafter referred to as cyclopropanation reaction), and then hydrolyzing the imino group to produce 1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid Manufactures acid derivatives.
- compound number 9 is generated as a by-product, and this by-product 9 is considered to be generated via cis imine (5) of the following formula.
- Cis imine is a diastereoisomer of Compound No. 6, which is the target compound.
- a nonpolar solvent such as toluene is preferable to a polar solvent such as THF
- tert-butoxy base includes Li salt, Na salt, K salt (M + in the following formula) and It has been shown that diastereoselectivity decreases as the basicity increases, and that even with hexamethyldisilazane base, the diastereoselectivity decreases as the basicity increases with Li, Na and K salts. Therefore, it is considered optimal to use lithium tert-butoxide in toluene.
- Non-Patent Document 1 performs asymmetric hydrolysis using alcalase
- Patent Document 1 performs salt-forming crystallization using an optically active acid
- Patent Document 2 performs asymmetric hydrolysis using hydrase.
- an optically active 1-amino-2-vinylcyclocarboxylic acid derivative is obtained for the first time.
- JP 2011-46613 A International Publication No. 2011/003063
- lithium tert-butoxide which is optimal for the cyclopropanation reaction, is cheap, has a short delivery time, is difficult to obtain more stably, and hinders implementation on an industrial scale. Furthermore, as a result of confirmation by the present inventors, in the cyclopropanation reaction using lithium tert-butoxide, only a racemate is obtained even if an asymmetric catalyst is used, and an optically active cyclopropanation product cannot be produced.
- the present invention does not hinder the implementation on an industrial scale, and has a yield close to that when lithium tert-butoxide is used, preferably 1-arylimino- with an excellent yield over lithium tert-butoxide.
- An object is to provide a method capable of producing a 2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative, or to provide a method capable of directly producing an optically active 1-arylimino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative by a cyclopropanation reaction.
- the inventors of the present invention when combined with sodium, which is conventionally regarded as bad, only ethoxy group among alkoxy groups having low steric hindrance, which has been regarded as bad. Contrary to these conventional suggestions, the asymmetric catalyst is used for the first time when the yield is as good as or better than that of lithium tert-butoxide, and when sodium ethoxide is used as a base.
- the inventors have found that an optically active 1-arylimino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative can be produced, and found that sodium ethoxide has a particularly excellent effect, thereby completing the present invention.
- the present invention provides the following formula (1); (Wherein Ar represents a C6-C12 aryl group, R 1 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group) and (E) -1,4-dibromo-2 By reacting butene with sodium ethoxide to give the following formula (2): (Wherein Ar and R 1 are the same as defined above), which is a method for producing a 1-arylimino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative.
- the present invention provides the following formula (1) in the presence of an optically active catalyst; (Wherein Ar represents a C6-C12 aryl group, R 1 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group) and (E) -1,4-dibromo-2 By reacting butene with sodium ethoxide to give the following formula (4): (In the formula, Ar and R 1 are the same as defined above.) A method for producing a (1R, 2S) -1-arylimino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative represented by the formula is also included.
- N- (arylmethylene) glycine ester and (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene are reacted with sodium ethoxide, it is important for the production of pharmaceuticals (1R , 2S) -1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivatives can be produced inexpensively and stably on an industrial scale.
- phenyl group 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, p-methylphenyl group, o-chlorophenyl group, m-chlorophenyl group, p-chlorophenyl group, p-bromophenyl group, p-fluorophenyl Group, p-trifluoromethyl group, p-nitrophenyl group, o-methoxyphenyl, m-methoxyphenyl, or p-methoxyphenyl group.
- a phenyl group, a p-chlorophenyl group, or a p-methoxyphenyl group is preferable, and a phenyl group is more preferable.
- R 1 represents a C1-C6 alkyl group. Specific examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, and a tert-butyl group, preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a tert-butyl group.
- the compound (1) can be produced according to a known method (for example, J. Org. Chem, 2005, 70 (15), 5869-5879.). Commercial products can also be used. Specifically, compound (1) is produced by reacting H 2 N—CH 2 —COOR 1 (R 1 is the same as above) or a salt thereof with Ar—CHO in the presence of a base such as alkylamine. it can.
- the amount of the compound (1) used is 0.5 to 20 equivalents relative to (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene, more preferably 0. 0.8 to 10 equivalents, particularly preferably 1 to 5 equivalents.
- the shape of the sodium ethoxide is not particularly limited, and any of a powder form, a solution form dissolved in a solvent such as ethanol, and a suspension form can be used.
- the amount used is too large, it is not preferable in terms of cost, so it is 1 to 20 equivalents relative to (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene, more preferably 1.3 to 10 equivalents. Particularly preferred is 1.5 to 5 equivalents.
- the solvent for this reaction is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the reaction.
- alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol, and ethylene glycol are used.
- Solvents; ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, 1,4-dioxane, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether; nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile and propionitrile; ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, etc.
- Ester solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane and methylcyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and mesitylene; acetone and methyl Ketone solvents such as tilketone; halogen solvents such as methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, chlorobenzene; sulfoxide solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide; N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-diethyl Amide solvents such as acetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl- ⁇ -caprolactam and hexamethylphosphoramide; urea solvents such as dimethylpropylene urea; hexamethylphosphonic acid triamide Etc
- Phosphonic acid triamide solvents such as can be used.
- a polar solvent such as THF
- the yield is remarkably lowered, whereas in the method using sodium ethoxide of the present invention, even if a nonpolar solvent is used. Even with a polar solvent, a high reaction yield can be achieved.
- These solvents may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together. When using 2 or more types together, the mixing ratio is not particularly limited.
- ethanol methyl tert-butyl ether, hexane, heptane, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, mesitylene, methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, or chlorobenzene, and more preferred is methyl tert-butyl ether or toluene.
- the upper limit is preferably 100 times the weight of (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene.
- the weight is preferably 50 times, particularly preferably 20 times.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.1 times the weight of (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene, more preferably 0.5 times the weight, and particularly preferably 1 times the weight.
- the reaction temperature in this reaction is not particularly limited and may be set as appropriate.
- the upper limit is preferably 100 ° C, more preferably 60 ° C, and particularly preferably 30. ° C. Further, it is preferably 0 ° C. or lower, particularly ⁇ 5 ° C. or lower.
- the lower limit is preferably ⁇ 80 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 60 ° C., and particularly preferably ⁇ 40 ° C. In particular, when carried out at a low temperature of 0 ° C.
- the reaction time in this reaction is not particularly limited and may be appropriately set.
- the upper limit is preferably 120 hours, more preferably 100 hours, and particularly preferably 80 hours.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.1 hour, more preferably 1 hour, and particularly preferably 3 hours.
- the mixing order of the compound (1), (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene, sodium ethoxide, and the solvent is not particularly limited, but (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene and the solvent It is preferable to add the compound (1) to the mixed solution, and more preferably (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene, a solvent, sodium ethoxide, and the compound (1) in this order.
- a general process for obtaining a product from the reaction solution may be performed.
- the reaction solution after completion of the reaction is subjected to an extraction operation using water, a general extraction solvent such as ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, methylene chloride, toluene, hexane and the like.
- a general extraction solvent such as ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, methylene chloride, toluene, hexane and the like.
- the target product thus obtained has a sufficient purity that can be used in the subsequent steps. However, in order to further increase the purity, crystallization, fractional distillation, solution washing, column chromatography, etc. are generally used. The purity may be further increased by a simple purification method.
- the obtained compound (2) is preferably used in the next step without isolation.
- the aforementioned reaction is carried out to produce a 1-arylimino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative (2), followed by acid hydrolysis of the compound (2) to give the following formula ( 3); It is preferable to produce a 1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative represented by:
- R 2 is the same as R 1 or a hydrogen atom, and specifically represents a C1-C6 alkyl group or a hydrogen atom.
- Examples of the acid used for the hydrolysis include inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and perchloric acid; aromatic sulfonic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid and benzenesulfonic acid; Aliphatic sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid; aliphatic carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, citric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid; phthalic acid, benzoic acid, Examples thereof include aromatic carboxylic acids such as 4-nitrobenzoic acid or 4-chlorobenzoic acid.
- inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, and perchloric acid
- aromatic sulfonic acids such as p-tolu
- the said acid may be used independently and may mix 2 or more types.
- the acid is preferably an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, or perchloric acid, and more preferably hydrochloric acid.
- the amount of the acid used is preferably 0.5 to 100 equivalents, more preferably 1 to 30 equivalents, and particularly preferably 2 to 10 equivalents with respect to the compound (2).
- the acid may be adjusted by sequential addition so that the pH of the mixture comprising the compound (2) and water is in the range of 0-4.
- the upper limit is preferably 100 times the weight of the compound (2), more preferably 50 times the weight. Yes, particularly preferably 20 times the weight.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.1 times the weight of the compound (2), more preferably 0.5 times the weight, and particularly preferably 1 times the weight.
- an organic solvent may be further added to the acid hydrolysis for the purpose of ensuring fluidity or increasing the reaction rate.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the acid hydrolysis.
- alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol, and ethylene glycol are used.
- Solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, 1,4-dioxane, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether; nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile and propionitrile; ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, etc.
- Ester solvents such as pentane, hexane, heptane, and methylcyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, and mesitylene; acetone, methylethyl Ketone solvents such as Tonne; halogen solvents such as methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, chlorobenzene; sulfoxide solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide; N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-diethyl Amide solvents such as acetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl- ⁇ -caprolactam and hexamethylphosphoramide; urea solvents such as dimethylpropylene urea; hexamethylphosphonic acid tri
- Phosphonic acid triamide solvents such as can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When using 2 or more types together, the mixing ratio is not particularly limited. Preferred is ethanol, methyl tert-butyl ether, hexane, heptane, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, mesitylene, methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, or chlorobenzene, and more preferred is methyl tert-butyl ether or toluene.
- the upper limit is preferably 100 times weight, more preferably 50 times weight with respect to the compound (2). Particularly preferred is 20 times the weight.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.1 times the weight of the compound (2), more preferably 0.5 times the weight, and particularly preferably 1 times the weight.
- the acid hydrolysis temperature is not particularly limited and may be set as appropriate. However, in order to reduce the formation of by-products, the upper limit is preferably 120 ° C., and more preferably 100 ° C. The lower limit is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C., more preferably 0 ° C. The reaction time in the acid hydrolysis is not particularly limited and may be set as appropriate. The upper limit is preferably 120 hours, more preferably 100 hours, and particularly preferably 80 hours. The lower limit is preferably 0.1 hour, more preferably 1 hour, and particularly preferably 3 hours.
- the mixing order of the compound (2), water, acid and organic solvent is not particularly limited.
- a general process for obtaining a product from the reaction solution may be performed.
- the reaction solution after completion of the reaction is neutralized by adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, a potassium carbonate aqueous solution, or a sodium hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution, and a general extraction solvent such as ethyl acetate, diethyl ether, methylene chloride, toluene, hexane, etc.
- the extraction operation is performed using.
- the reaction solvent and the extraction solvent are distilled off from the resulting extract by an operation such as heating under reduced pressure, the desired product is obtained.
- the compound (3) thus obtained has a sufficient purity that can be used in the subsequent steps.
- the compound (3) can be further purified by a general purification method such as column chromatography. May be raised.
- the compound (2) is asymmetrically hydrolyzed by an appropriate method to obtain the following formula (5); (Wherein R 2 is the same as above) may be produced.
- Asymmetric hydrolysis includes a method of hydrolysis using an enzyme and a method of hydrolysis using an optically active acid or base.
- the acid having optical activity include tartaric acids such as tartaric acid, tartaric acid ester, and tartaric acid amide, preferably tartaric acid monoarylamide, particularly tartranilic acid.
- tartaric acids may have a substituent as appropriate.
- a substituent such as a halogeno group may be bonded to a phenyl group.
- an optically active catalyst preferably an optically active phase transfer catalyst, the following formula (1);
- N- (arylmethylene) glycine ester represented by the formula (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene By reacting N- (arylmethylene) glycine ester represented by the formula (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene with sodium ethoxide, the following formula (4): The method of manufacturing the compound represented by these is also included.
- Ar and R 1 are the same as described above. Asymmetric synthesis is possible by using sodium ethoxide.
- the optically active phase transfer catalyst is preferably an optically active quaternary ammonium salt having a biphenyl skeleton and / or a binaphthyl skeleton, that is, Maruoka Catalyst (registered trademark), more preferably (11bS)-(+)-4.
- the optical purity of the optically active phase transfer catalyst is not particularly limited, and in order to obtain a compound (4) having high optical purity, preferably 90% e.e. e. Or more, more preferably 95% e.e. e. Or more, particularly preferably 98% e.e. e. That's it.
- the upper limit is preferably 0.01 equivalent to (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene. Yes, more preferably 0.005 equivalent, and particularly preferably 0.001 equivalent.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.00001 equivalent, more preferably 0.0001 equivalent to (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene.
- (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene, sodium ethoxide used in this step, reaction temperature, reaction time, reagent addition order, and post-reaction treatment This is the same as described in the production of the compound (2).
- the (1R, 2S) -1-arylimino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative (4) is produced by carrying out the reaction described above, and then the compound (4) is subjected to acid hydrolysis. And the following formula (5); It is also possible to produce a (1R, 2S) -1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative represented by:
- the method for producing the compound (5) is the same as the method for producing the compound (3) by acid hydrolysis of the compound (2).
- Example 1 Production of Racemic Ethyl 1-Amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate (E) 1,4-Dibromo-2-butene 40 g (187 mmol), Sodium ethoxide 27 g (397 mmol), and toluene 200 g And the temperature was adjusted to -20 ° C. Thereto was added 95 g of a toluene solution of N- (phenylmethylene) glycine ethyl ester obtained in Reference Example 1 (N- (phenylmethylene) glycine ethyl ester pure content 43 g, 225 mmol) dropwise at ⁇ 20 ° C. over 5 hours, The reaction was carried out at ⁇ 20 ° C.
- the solution was added dropwise at ⁇ 20 ° C. over 2 hours and reacted at ⁇ 20 ° C. for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, the temperature of the reaction solution was adjusted to 0 ° C., and 17 g of water was added. Subsequently, 4.5 g of 35% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution (pure hydrochloric acid 1.6 g, 43 mmol) was added dropwise over 1 hour, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour. Stirring was stopped, liquid separation was performed, and an aqueous layer was separated. 17 g of water was added to the obtained organic layer and stirred for 30 minutes.
- hydrochloric acid aqueous solution pure hydrochloric acid 1.6 g, 43 mmol
- Liquid separation was carried out after stopping the stirring, and the aqueous layers obtained were combined and 56 g of an aqueous solution containing a racemate of ethyl 1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate (ethyl 1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate) Of the racemate was obtained (4.5 g, 29 mmol).
- the obtained aqueous solution was analyzed under the conditions described in Example 1 to calculate the racemic yield of ethyl 1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate (74% yield).
- Example 3 Preparation of racemic ethyl ethyl 1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate (E) 8.1 g (38 mmol) of 1,4-dibromo-2-butene and 5.4 g (80 mmol) of sodium ethoxide ) And 41 g of toluene, and the temperature was adjusted to -20 ° C.
- Example 5 Preparation of racemic ethyl ethyl 1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene (6.4 g, 30 mmol) and sodium ethoxide (4.3 g, 63 mmol) ) And 32 g of dichloromethane were mixed and the temperature was adjusted to -20 ° C. Thereto was added 15.3 g of a toluene solution of N- (phenylmethylene) glycine ethyl ester obtained in Reference Example 1 (6.9 g of pure N- (phenylmethylene) glycine ethyl ester, 36 mmol) at ⁇ 20 ° C.
- E racemic ethyl ethyl 1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate
- sodium ethoxide 4.3 g, 63 mmol
- Example 2 The obtained aqueous solution was analyzed under the high performance liquid chromatography analysis conditions described in Example 1, and the yield of ethyl 1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate was analyzed under the optical purity analysis conditions described in Example 6. Then, the optical purity of ethyl (1R, 2S) -1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 8 Production of tert-butyl (1R, 2S) -1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylate (11bS)-(+)-4,4-dibutyl-4,5-dihydro-2,6-bis (3,4,5-trifluorophenyl) -3H-dinaphtho [2,1-c: 1 ′, 2'-e] azepinium bromide 28.1 mg (0.04 mmol), (E) -1,4-dibromo-2-butene 1.6 g (7.5 mmol) and sodium ethoxide 1.1 g (15.8 mmol) ) And 8.0 g of toluene, and the temperature was adjusted to -20 ° C.
- the method of the present invention can be used to produce a (1R, 2S) -1-amino-2-vinylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivative useful as a pharmaceutical intermediate, for example, an intermediate of a therapeutic agent for hepatitis C.
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Abstract
Description
まず本発明では、下記式(1);
また、R1はC1~C6のアルキル基を表す。具体的には例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基であり、好ましくはメチル基、エチル基、tert-ブチル基であり、更に好ましくはエチル基である。前記化合物(1)は公知の方法(例えば、J.Org.Chem,2005,70(15),5869-5879.)に従って製造することができる。また市販品を用いることもできる。具体的にはH2N-CH2-COOR1(R1は前記に同じ)又はその塩とAr-CHOとをアルキルアミンなどの塩基の存在下で反応させることによって、化合物(1)を製造できる。
前記溶媒の使用量は、多すぎるとコストや後処理の点で好ましくないため、上限としては、前記化合物(2)に対して好ましくは100倍重量であり、更に好ましくは50倍重量であり、特に好ましくは20倍重量である。下限としては、前記化合物(2)に対して好ましくは0.1倍重量であり、更に好ましくは0.5倍重量であり、特に好ましくは1倍重量である。
(参考例1)N-(フェニルメチレン)グリシンエチルエステルの製造
グリシンエチルエステル塩酸塩234g(1.68mol)とトルエン815gとを混合し、ベンズアルデヒド170g(1.60mol)を室温で添加した。得られた混合物を20℃に温度調整し、トリエチルアミン178g(1.76mol)を滴下した。滴下終了後、20℃にて10時間攪拌した。反応終了後、水475gを添加し、15分攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、得られた有機層を減圧留去することで(N-(フェニルメチレン)グリシンエチルエステルのトルエン溶液648g(N-(フェニルメチレン)グリシンエチルエステル純分294g、1.54mmol)を取得した(収率96%)。
グリシンエチルエステル塩酸塩42g(302mmol)とトルエン146gとを混合し、p-クロロベンズアルデヒド40g(287mmol)を室温で添加した。得られた混合物を20℃に温度調整し、トリエチルアミン32g(316mmol)を滴下した。滴下終了後、20℃にて10時間攪拌した。反応終了後、水85gを添加し、15分攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、得られた有機層を減圧留去することでN-[(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン]グリシンエチルエステルのトルエン溶液126g(N-[(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン]グリシンエチルエステル純分63g、278mmol)を取得した(収率97%)。
グリシンエチルエステル塩酸塩18g(126mmol)とトルエン61gとを混合し、p-アニスアルデヒド16g(120mmol)を室温で添加した。得られた混合物を20℃に温度調整し、トリエチルアミン13g(132mmol)を滴下した。滴下終了後、20℃にて10時間攪拌した。反応終了後、水36gを添加し、15分攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、得られた有機層を減圧留去することでN-[(p-メトキシフェニル)メチレン]グリシンエチルエステルのトルエン溶液56g(N-[(p-メトキシフェニル)メチレン]グリシンエチルエステル純分25g、114mmol)を取得した(収率95%)。
(E)-1,4-ジブロモ-2-ブテン40g(187mmol)とナトリウムエトキシド27g(397mmol)とトルエン200gとを混合し、-20℃に温度調整した。そこへ参考例1で得たN-(フェニルメチレン)グリシンエチルエステルのトルエン溶液95g(N-(フェニルメチレン)グリシンエチルエステル純分43g、225mmol)を-20℃にて5時間かけて滴下し、-20℃で6時間反応させた。反応終了後、反応液を0℃に温度調整し、水80gを添加した。続いて35%塩酸水溶液24g(塩酸純分8g、230mmol)を1時間かけて滴下し、3時間攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、水層を分取した。得られた有機層に水80gを添加して30分攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、得られた水層を合わせて1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体を含む水溶液269g(1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体の純分25g、163mmol)を得た(収率87%)。なお、純分及び収率は、以下の条件で高速液体クロマトグラフィー分析することで決定した。
カラム :ナカライテスク社製 COSMOSIL(登録商標) 5C8AR-II(4.6×250mm)
移動相 :下記A液及びB液のグラジェントポンプによる混合液
A液 0.1%リン酸水溶液
B液 アセトニトリル
移動相中のB液濃度(体積%):5%(5分)→40%(25分)→80%(40分)→80%(45分)→5%(45.1分)→5%(55分)
流速 :1.0ml/分
検出器波長:210nm
保持時間 :9.3分(1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチル)
N-(フェニルメチレン)グリシンエチルエステルと(E)-1,4-ジブロモ-2-ブテンとの反応に以下に示す塩基を用い、上述の実施例1と同様の操作で行って1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体を取得した。得られた水溶液を実施例1に記載の条件で分析し、1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体の収率を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
(E)-1,4-ジブロモ-2-ブテン8.4g(39mmol)とナトリウムエトキシド5.6g(82mmol)とトルエン42gとを混合し、-20℃に温度調整した。そこへ参考例2で得たN-[(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン]グリシンエチルエステルのトルエン溶液21.2g(N-[(p-クロロフェニル)メチレン]グリシンエチルエステル純分10.6g、47mmol)を-20℃にて2時間かけて滴下し、-20℃で2時間反応させた。反応終了後、反応液を0℃に温度調整し、水17gを添加した。続いて35%塩酸水溶液4.5g(塩酸純分1.6g、43mmol)を1時間かけて滴下し、1時間攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、水層を分取した。得られた有機層に水17gを添加して30分攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、得られた水層を合わせて1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体を含む水溶液56g(1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体の純分4.5g、29mmol)を得た。得られた水溶液を実施例1に記載の条件で分析し、1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体の収率を算出した(収率74%)。
(E)-1,4-ジブロモ-2-ブテン8.1g(38mmol)とナトリウムエトキシド5.4g(80mmol)とトルエン41gとを混合し、-20℃に温度調整した。そこへ参考例3で得たN-[(p-メトキシフェニル)メチレン]グリシンエチルエステルのトルエン溶液22.5g(N-[(p-メトキシフェニル)メチレン]グリシンエチルエステル純分10.1g、46mmol)を-20℃にて2時間かけて滴下し、-20℃で2時間反応させた。反応終了後、反応液を0℃に温度調整し、水16gを添加した。続いて35%塩酸水溶液4.4g(塩酸純分1.5g、42mmol)を1時間かけて滴下し、1時間攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、水層を分取した。得られた有機層に水16gを添加して30分攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、得られた水層を合わせて1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体を含む水溶液55g(1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体の純分4.5g、29mmol)を得た。得られた水溶液を実施例1に記載の条件で分析し、1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体の収率を算出した(収率76%)。
(E)-1,4-ジブロモ-2-ブテン8.3g(39mmol)とナトリウムエトキシド5.6g(82mmol)とメチルtert-ブチルエーテル42gとを混合し、-20℃に温度調整した。そこへ参考例1で得たN-(フェニルメチレン)グリシンエチルエステルのトルエン溶液19.8g(N-(フェニルメチレン)グリシンエチルエステル純分8.9g、47mmol)を-20℃にて2時間かけて滴下し、-20℃で2時間反応させた。反応終了後、反応液を0℃に温度調整し、水17gを添加した。続いて35%塩酸水溶液4.5g(塩酸純分1.6g、43mmol)を1時間かけて滴下し、1時間攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、水層を分取した。得られた有機層に水17gを添加して30分攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、得られた水層を合わせて1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体を含む水溶液57g(1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体の純分4.6g、30mmol)を得た。得られた水溶液を実施例1に記載の条件で分析し、1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体の収率を算出した(収率77%)。
(E)-1,4-ジブロモ-2-ブテン6.4g(30mmol)とナトリウムエトキシド4.3g(63mmol)とジクロロメタン32gとを混合し、-20℃に温度調整した。そこへ参考例1で得たN-(フェニルメチレン)グリシンエチルエステルのトルエン溶液15.3g(N-(フェニルメチレン)グリシンエチルエステル純分6.9g、36mmol)を-20℃にて2時間かけて滴下し、-20℃で2時間反応させた。反応終了後、反応液を0℃に温度調整し、水13gを添加した。続いて35%塩酸水溶液3.4g(塩酸純分1.2g、33mmol)を1時間かけて滴下し、1時間攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、水層を分取した。得られた有機層に水13gを添加して30分攪拌した。攪拌を停止して分液を行い、得られた水層を合わせて1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体を含む水溶液66.6g(1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体の純分3.3g、22mmol)を得た。得られた水溶液を実施例1に記載の条件で分析し、1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルのラセミ体の収率を算出した(収率73%)。
カラム :ダイセル社製 CHIRALPAK(商品名) AD-RH(4.6×150mm,5μm)
移動相 :下記A液及びB液のA:B=6/4(体積比)混合液
A液 メタノール
B液 20mM重炭酸アンモニウム水溶液(pH9.0)
A/B=6/4
流速 :1.0ml/分
検出器波長:220nm
保持時間:4.9分((1R,2S)-1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチル)、8.4分((1S,2R)-1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチル)
(11bS)-(+)-4,4-ジブチル-4,5-ジヒドロ-2,6-ビス(3,4,5-トリフルオロフェニル)-3H-ジナフト[2,1-c:1’,2’-e]アゼピニウムブロミドの存在下、N-(フェニルメチレン)グリシンエチルエステルと(E)-1,4-ジブロモ-2-ブテンとの反応に以下に示す塩基を用い、上述の実施例6と同様の操作で行って、1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルを取得した。得られた水溶液を実施例1に記載の高速液体クロマトグラフィー分析条件で分析し、1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルの収率を、実施例6に記載の光学純度分析条件で分析し、(1R,2S)-1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸エチルの光学純度を算出した。結果を表2に示す。
保持時間:6.7分((1R,2S)-1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸tert-ブチル)、14.5分((1S,2R)1-アミノ-2-ビニルシクロプロパンカルボン酸tert-ブチル)
Claims (14)
- R1がメチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、又はtert-ブチル基であり、R2がメチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、又は水素原子である、請求項1又は2に記載の製造方法。
- Arがフェニル基、p-クロロフェニル基、又はp-メトキシフェニル基である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- R1がエチル基であり、R2がエチル基であり、Arがフェニル基である、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 反応温度が、0℃以下である請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 前記光学活性な触媒が、相関移動触媒である請求項6に記載の製造方法。
- 前記相関移動触媒が(11bS)-(+)-4,4-ジブチル-4,5-ジヒドロ-2,6-ビス(3,4,5-トリフルオロフェニル)-3H-ジナフト[2,1-c:1’,2’-e]アゼピニウムブロミド、又は(15bS)-14,14-ジブチル-5,6,7,8,14,15-ヘキサヒドロ-1,12-ビス(3,4,5-トリフルオロフェニル)-13H-[1,6]ベンゾジオキセチノ[9.8,7-デフ][2]ベンザゼピニウムブロミドである請求項9に記載の製造方法。
- R1がメチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、又はtert-ブチル基であり、R2がメチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、又は水素原子である、請求項7~10のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- Arがフェニル基、p-クロロフェニル基、又はp-メトキシフェニル基である、請求項7~11のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- R1がエチル基であり、R2がエチル基であり、Arがフェニル基である請求項6~12のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 前記光学活性な触媒の使用量が、(E)-1,4-ジブロモ-2-ブテンに対して0.01当量以下である、請求項6~13のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
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