WO2015097796A1 - 真空はんだ処理装置及びその制御方法 - Google Patents
真空はんだ処理装置及びその制御方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015097796A1 WO2015097796A1 PCT/JP2013/084746 JP2013084746W WO2015097796A1 WO 2015097796 A1 WO2015097796 A1 WO 2015097796A1 JP 2013084746 W JP2013084746 W JP 2013084746W WO 2015097796 A1 WO2015097796 A1 WO 2015097796A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- evacuation
- control
- vacuum
- control characteristic
- inclination
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/203—Fluxing, i.e. applying flux onto surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
- F04D19/02—Multi-stage pumps
- F04D19/04—Multi-stage pumps specially adapted to the production of a high vacuum, e.g. molecular pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0261—Surge control by varying driving speed
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3494—Heating methods for reflowing of solder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
- B23K2101/42—Printed circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/04—Soldering or other types of metallurgic bonding
- H05K2203/043—Reflowing of solder coated conductors, not during connection of components, e.g. reflowing solder paste
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/08—Treatments involving gases
- H05K2203/085—Using vacuum or low pressure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/11—Treatments characterised by their effect, e.g. heating, cooling, roughening
- H05K2203/1178—Means for venting or for letting gases escape
Definitions
- the present invention has a function of defoaming and degassing voids from solder in a vacuum melted state when a component for surface mounting is placed on a predetermined position on a substrate and the component and the substrate are soldered.
- the present invention relates to a vacuum solder processing apparatus applicable to a vacuum reflow furnace and a control method thereof.
- voids generated by hot air reflow processing at normal atmospheric pressure are regarded as a problem, and a method of reducing the generation of voids is required. ing.
- FIG. 19A and 19B are process diagrams showing an example of hot air reflow according to a conventional example.
- the cream solder 8 shown in FIG. 19A is applied on the pad electrode 4 of the substrate 5.
- the cream solder 8 is obtained by adding flux to solder powder so as to have an appropriate viscosity, and is applied on the pad electrode 4 of the substrate 5 by a screen printer through a mask. is there.
- FIGS. 19A and 19B a state in which cream solder 8 is applied onto the pad electrode 4 of the substrate 5 and hot air reflow processing at atmospheric pressure is performed without mounting electronic components is schematically described with reference to FIGS. 19A and 19B.
- the solder 3 shown in FIG. 19B is in a state where the cream solder 8 shown in FIG. 19A is hot-air reflowed and then the molten solder 7 is cooled into a spherical shape by surface tension and hardened.
- the white circle shape in the figure is the void 2 portion, which is generated involuntarily in the molten solder 7 and remains in the solder 3 after being cooled and solidified.
- the void 2 impairs the heat conduction effect in a power device or the like and causes exhaust heat to deteriorate.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a solder processing apparatus (vacuum reflow apparatus) having a vacuum exhaust function.
- this solder processing apparatus an exhaust valve, a vacuum pump, and a processing tank are provided.
- the substrate is carried into the processing tank, and the solder on the pad electrode of the substrate is in a molten state.
- the inside of the processing tank is driven and evacuated once. In such a vacuum state, voids remaining in the solder during the melting of the solder are removed by the defoaming / degassing effect.
- the vacuum reflow apparatus has the following problems. i.
- the chamber processing tank
- a vacuum state is created by operating the vacuum pump.
- a vacuum processing time is set, and the vacuum pump is continuously operated only for the set vacuum processing time.
- the void is degassed and degassed by evacuation, the degree of vacuum is continuously changed, so that the defoaming and degassing are performed rapidly.
- the void 2 breaks (explodes), causing flux scattering, component scattering, and solder scattering.
- the vacuum soldering apparatus is a chamber capable of soldering a workpiece in a vacuum environment, an operation unit for setting a vacuuming condition of the chamber, and the vacuum A plurality of vacuum evacuation control characteristics with a slope ⁇ plotting the evacuation time with respect to the degree of vacuum when the chamber is evacuated with a predetermined pump output, and a vacuum that evacuates the chamber based on the evacuation conditions, A control unit that executes evacuation control of the pump so as to switch from the evacuation control characteristic having a small pump output to the evacuation control characteristic having a large pump output based on an inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic that is initially set. are provided.
- the vacuum solder processing apparatus of the first aspect it is possible to increase the selectivity of the vacuuming conditions and to vacuum the chamber in a short time to a specified target vacuum level. On the other hand, generation of voids can be suppressed and scattering of flux, parts, etc. can be prevented.
- a solder processing apparatus is the solder processing apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the control unit monitors the inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic at the switching destination, and the inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic that is initially set, and the switching destination
- the slope ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic is constantly compared, and when the slope ⁇ of both the control characteristics coincides during evacuation, the pump output is small and the pump output is large from the evacuation control characteristic. The control is switched to the control characteristic.
- the vacuum solder processing apparatus detects a vacuum pressure of the chamber and outputs pressure detection information, and a memory unit that stores data tabulating the evacuation control characteristics
- the controller refers to the evacuation control characteristic based on the pressure detection information, and when the vacuum pressure in the chamber reaches the vacuum degree switching point of the evacuation control characteristic, the inclination ⁇
- the pump output is switched from the evacuation control characteristic having a large value to the evacuation control characteristic having a small inclination ⁇ .
- the control unit always performs the evacuation of the initially set inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic and the threshold inclination ⁇ th serving as a switching determination reference during evacuation.
- the control is switched from the evacuation control characteristic having a small pump output to the evacuation control characteristic having a large pump output. It is.
- control method of the vacuum solder processing apparatus wherein the control unit of the vacuum solder processing apparatus that performs solder processing on a workpiece in a vacuum environment evacuates the vacuum chamber by performing a predetermined pump output.
- Obtaining and storing a plurality of evacuation control characteristics of a predetermined inclination ⁇ in which the evacuation time is plotted against the degree, setting the evacuation control characteristics of the inclination ⁇ , and the inclination of the set evacuation control characteristics a step of controlling the pump output so as to switch from the evacuation control characteristic having a small pump output to the evacuation control characteristic having a large pump output based on ⁇ .
- the method for controlling a vacuum solder processing apparatus is the method according to claim 5, wherein the controller executes a step of acquiring the evacuation control characteristics and creating a table at the time of preliminary evacuation.
- the step of monitoring the inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic at the switching destination is always compared with the inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic that is initially set and the inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic at the switching destination.
- a method for controlling a vacuum soldering apparatus wherein the control unit is configured to obtain a vacuuming control characteristic and create a table during preliminary vacuuming, and to perform initial setting.
- a step of finding a point for switching the evacuation control characteristic of the inclination ⁇ , and detecting the vacuum pressure of the chamber at the time of the actual evacuation and making the evacuation control tabulated based on the pressure detection information A step of referring to a characteristic, and when the vacuum pressure in the chamber reaches a point for switching the evacuation control characteristic, the evacuation control characteristic having a large inclination ⁇ is changed to the evacuation control characteristic having a small inclination ⁇ . And a step of switching the pump output.
- the control method of the vacuum solder processing apparatus is the method according to claim 5, wherein the control unit is configured to perform a vacuum between an inclination ⁇ of the initially set vacuuming control characteristic and a threshold inclination ⁇ th serving as a switching determination criterion.
- the control unit is configured to perform a vacuum between an inclination ⁇ of the initially set vacuuming control characteristic and a threshold inclination ⁇ th serving as a switching determination criterion.
- the controller includes a control unit that executes vacuuming control of the pump. Based on the inclination ⁇ of the control characteristic, the pumping control characteristic having a small pump output is switched to the vacuuming control characteristic having a large pump output.
- This control makes it possible to expand the selectivity of the evacuation conditions and to evacuate the chamber to a specified target degree of vacuum in a short time. Thereby, the throughput of the chamber can be adjusted.
- the melted solder voids that have reached the target pressure are gradually removed by evacuation of the evacuation control characteristic of the slope ⁇ plotting the evacuation time against the degree of vacuum when the chamber is evacuated with a predetermined pump output. Bubbles and deaerated. Thereby, it becomes possible to prevent flux splashing, solder scattering, and the like, and a high-quality vacuum soldering process with few voids can be performed under a set degree of vacuum.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a chamber 40.
- FIG. It is process drawing of the cross section which shows the vacuum deaeration / deaeration process example (the 1) of the solder. It is process drawing of the cross section which shows the vacuum deaeration / deaeration process example (the 2) of the solder.
- 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a control system of a vacuum reflow furnace 100.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of a conveyance unit 13.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of obtaining vacuuming control characteristics # 1 to # 4.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing a temperature profile of the vacuum reflow furnace 100.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a control example (main routine) of the vacuum reflow furnace 100.
- 3 is a flowchart showing a control example (subroutine) of the vacuum reflow furnace 100.
- 5 is a flowchart showing a control example (inclination ⁇ 4 vacuuming control) of the vacuum reflow furnace 100.
- 3 is a flowchart showing a control example (inclination ⁇ 3 evacuation control) of the vacuum reflow furnace 100.
- 3 is a flowchart showing a control example (inclination ⁇ 2 vacuuming control) of the vacuum reflow furnace 100.
- It is a table
- the present invention provides a vacuum solder processing apparatus capable of evacuating a chamber to a specified target degree of vacuum in a short time and suppressing generation of voids and preventing scattering of flux, parts, and the like, and control thereof. It aims to provide a method.
- a vacuum reflow furnace 100 shown in FIG. 1 constitutes an example of a vacuum solder processing apparatus.
- a surface mounting component such as a power device or a power module is mounted on a printed board at a predetermined position.
- deaeration and deaeration are performed in a vacuum.
- the objects of the soldering process are printed circuit boards, solder coated parts, other semiconductor wafers, and the like, hereinafter collectively referred to as a workpiece 1.
- the vacuum reflow furnace 100 has a main body 10.
- the main body 10 constitutes a muffle furnace.
- the main body 10 has a transport path 16 in an intermediate layer, and the main body 10 is divided into an upper muffle and a lower muffle (not shown) based on the transport path 16.
- a hinge mechanism is provided on the back side, the upper part of the muffle is opened, and the conveyance path 16 can be opened and inspected.
- a carry-in port 11 is provided on one side of the main body 10 and a carry-out port 12 is provided on the other side.
- a conveyance unit 13 is provided in the conveyance path 16 between the carry-in port 11 and the carry-out port 12.
- a walking beam type conveyance mechanism 70 (see FIG. 5) is used for the conveyance unit 13. .
- the workpiece 1 can be tact-fed at a predetermined transport speed.
- a preheating unit 20 a main heating unit 30, a chamber 40, and a cooling unit 50 are arranged in this order from the carry-in port 11, and the work 1 passes through these to reach the carry-out port 12 so as to be transported to the tact. Is done.
- the preheating unit 20 and the main heating unit 30 constitute an example of a heating unit, and the heating unit adopts a hot air circulation heating method.
- the preheating unit 20 has four preheating zones I to IV, and gradually heats the workpiece 1 to reach a predetermined temperature (eg, 180 ° C.) (eg, about 150-160-170-180 ° C.). It is made like.
- the preheating zones I to IV are arranged above and below the conveyance path 16.
- a main heating unit 30 having a main heating zone V is disposed at a position adjacent to the preheating unit 20, and the workpiece 1 is brought to about 250 ° C. in the main heating zone V before the workpiece 1 is put into the chamber 40. It is made to heat. Snippet
- a chamber 40 for forming a vacuum deaeration / deaeration treatment zone VI is disposed at a position adjacent to the main heating unit 30, and the chamber 40 is degassed / deaeration in a vacuum environment during the soldering process to the workpiece 1.
- the processing is performed.
- the chamber 40 shown in FIG. 2 includes a container 41, a base 42, and an elevating mechanism 43, and shows a state where the container 41 is separated from the base 42 and stopped at a predetermined position above.
- the stop position of the container 41 is referred to as a home position Hp.
- the home position Hp is a position above the position where the container 41 is a reference on the base 42 by a height h.
- the height h may be a height that does not hinder when the workpiece 1 is carried from the main heating unit 30 onto the base 42.
- the container 41 has a case structure with an open bottom, for example, a box-like body made of stainless steel arranged upside down and arranged in a lid shape.
- the inside of the container 41 is a cavity (space).
- the container 41 is moved up and down by an elevating mechanism 43.
- the conveyance direction of the workpiece 1 is the x direction
- the direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction is the y direction
- the direction orthogonal to the x and y directions is the z direction
- the container 41 is in the z direction during vacuum processing. Move up and down.
- a base 42 is disposed below the container 41, and an elevating mechanism 43 is disposed below the base 42.
- an electric cylinder, an air driven cylinder, or the like is used for the lifting mechanism 43.
- the base 42 has a plane wider than the size of the bottom surface of the container 41 and a predetermined thickness.
- the base 42 has an airtight seal member 48 at a position where the bottom end of the container 41 abuts. Since the seal member 48 is required to have heat resistance, for example, a fluorine-based packing is used.
- An exhaust port 201 is provided at a predetermined position on the lower surface of the base 42.
- the exhaust port 201 is connected to the electromagnetic valve 22 shown in FIG.
- a gas supply port 203 is provided at a predetermined position on the lower surface of the base 42.
- the gas supply port 203 is connected to the release valve 25 shown in FIG.
- a panel heater 44 is provided at a predetermined position of the base 42 of the container 41.
- the panel heater 44 constitutes an example of a heating unit, and heats and holds the workpiece 1 at a predetermined temperature (near 240 ° C.). This heating is for maintaining a predetermined temperature by the main heating unit 30 before the work 1 is put into the chamber 40 even after the work 1 is put into the chamber 40.
- the heating method of the panel heater 44 is, for example, a far infrared radiation panel method.
- the panel heater 44 is not limited to the base 42 and may be provided at a predetermined position on the container 41 side.
- a pair of fixed beams 45 and 46 are provided at predetermined positions on both sides of the upper surface of the base 42.
- the fixed beams 45 and 46 constitute an example of the transport unit 13.
- the fixed beam 45 is disposed at the left end of the upper surface of the base 42, and the fixed beam 46 is disposed at the right end thereof. It is made to support both sides of one.
- the fixed beams 45 and 46 are formed of a plate-shaped block body, and a plurality of conical head-shaped pins 47 are provided on the upper surface of the plate-shaped block body.
- the pins 47 form groups of four and are arranged at a predetermined arrangement pitch. The reason why they are arranged at a predetermined arrangement pitch is to support the workpieces 1 without any trouble corresponding to the workpieces 1 having a plurality of lengths. These constitute the vacuum reflow furnace 100.
- a cooling unit 50 having a cooling unit zone VII is provided at a position adjacent to the chamber 40.
- This zone is a zone for cooling the workpiece 1 after being subjected to vacuum defoaming / deaeration treatment (hereinafter referred to as “vacuum degassing treatment”).
- vacuum degassing treatment vacuum degassing treatment
- a pad electrode 4 is formed on a substrate 5 for use as a power device, such as a printed wiring board or a semiconductor wafer, and the solder 3 is formed on the pad electrode 4 as the work 1.
- the size of the pad electrode 4 in this example is about 5 mm ⁇ 5 mm.
- FIG. 3A shows a state of the molten solder 7 in which the solder 3 is not solidified.
- a white shape (circular shape, elliptical shape, etc.) in the figure is a portion of the void 2, and the shape of the void 2 grows greatly as the vacuum pressure in the chamber 40 decreases (the degree of vacuum increases). .
- the void 2 is pulled to the outside, and a vacuum pressure difference is generated between the void 2 and the solder interface.
- the void 2 in the molten solder 7 comes out to the outside (defoamed and degassed).
- the solder 3 shown in FIG. 3B is in a molten state in which the vacuum pressure in the container 41 has reached a target pressure (hereinafter referred to as a target set pressure Pf).
- a target set pressure Pf a target pressure
- the evacuation control characteristic is inherited by the evacuation control of the inclination ⁇ described in FIG. 6, and the chamber 40 is evacuated to the specified target set pressure Pf (vacuum degree), as described later. After reaching the set target set pressure Pf, control is performed to maintain the target set pressure Pf for a predetermined time.
- the conventionally generated void 2 is broken (exploded). ) And flux scattering and solder scattering can be avoided. After the vacuum break, only small voids remain near the outer surface. In this state, the work 1 is cooled. Thereby, the solder 3 in which the void 2 is reduced can be formed on the pad electrode 4.
- control unit 60 includes a control unit 61, a memory unit 62, a timing generation unit 63, and the like.
- the vacuuming conditions such as the control characteristics # 1 to # 4 are input and set in the control unit 61.
- the vacuuming control characteristics # 1 to # 4 and the like are acquired at the time of preliminary vacuuming other than the main vacuuming.
- the user selects the desired evacuation control characteristics from the evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 in descending order of numbers (in order of decreasing pump output frequency), and initially sets the evacuation control characteristics of the inclination ⁇ . It is made like.
- the operation unit 21 uses a liquid crystal display panel or a numeric keypad. Setting information indicating a vacuuming condition such as a vacuuming control characteristic of the inclination ⁇ is output to the control unit 61 as operation data D21. Of course, the operation unit 21 is provided with a “start button” (not shown) to instruct the control unit 61 to “start”. Further, when acquiring the evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 and the like, the operation unit 21 instructs the control unit 61 to perform preliminary evacuation.
- the transport mechanism 70 is provided in the transport unit 13 and is connected to the control unit 60. As the transport mechanism 70, a walking beam type transport device is used. A transport control signal S ⁇ b> 13 is output from the control unit 60 to the transport mechanism 70. The conveyance control signal S13 is a signal for operating the moving beams 18 and 28 and tact feeding the workpiece 1.
- the preheating unit 20 is connected to the control unit 60.
- a preheating control signal S ⁇ b> 20 is output from the control unit 60 to the preheating unit 20.
- the preheating control signal S20 is a signal for controlling the four preheating zones I to IV in order to operate the heater, fan, etc. of the preheating unit 20 to bring the workpiece 1 to a predetermined temperature (for example, 180 ° C.). .
- the main heating unit 30 is connected to the control unit 60.
- the main heating control signal S30 is output from the control unit 60 to the main heating unit 30.
- the main heating control signal S30 is a signal for heating the workpiece 1 to 250 ° C. by operating a heater, a fan, or the like of the main heating unit 30.
- the elevating mechanism 43 is connected to the control unit 60.
- a lift control signal S43 is output from the control unit 60 to the lift mechanism 43.
- the elevation control signal S43 is a signal for raising and lowering the container 41.
- the panel heater 44 is connected to the control unit 60.
- a heater control signal S44 is output from the control unit 60 to the panel heater 44.
- the heater control signal S44 is a signal for maintaining the inside of the sealed container 41 at a predetermined temperature.
- the solenoid valve 22 is connected to the control unit 60.
- As the electromagnetic valve 22, a throttle valve for vacuum control is used.
- a solenoid valve control signal S22 is output from the control unit 60 to the solenoid valve 22.
- the electromagnetic valve control signal S22 is a signal for controlling the valve opening degree of the electromagnetic valve 22.
- the pump 23 evacuates the chamber 40 based on the evacuation conditions.
- the pump 23 is connected to the control unit 60.
- a vacuum pump such as a rotary type (blower) or a reciprocating type (piston) is used.
- a pump drive voltage V23 is output from the control unit 60 to the pump 23.
- VVVF variable voltage variable frequency
- the pump drive voltage V23 is a voltage for controlling the output of the AC motor.
- the carry-in sensor 26 is connected to the control unit 60.
- the carry-in sensor 26 detects that the workpiece 1 has been carried into the furnace 100, and a carry-in detection signal S 26 indicating that the workpiece 1 has been carried into the furnace 100 is output from the carry-in sensor 26 to the control unit 60.
- the carry-in sensor 26 a reflective or transmissive optical sensor is used.
- a carry-in detection signal S26 is output to the control unit 60, and a timer is started. Based on this timer, the position of the workpiece 1 in the furnace 100 is calculated from the conveyance speed of the workpiece 1 and the like. Further, in the present example in which the work 1 is tact-fed, the tact-feed time is set in advance, so that the position of the work 1 may be calculated based on this tact-feed time.
- the vacuum pressure sensor 24 is connected to the control unit 60.
- the vacuum pressure sensor 24 constitutes an example of a detection unit, and detects the vacuum pressure in the chamber 40 and generates a vacuum pressure detection signal S24 (pressure detection information) at the time of defoaming / deaeration processing.
- the vacuum pressure detection signal S24 is a signal indicating the vacuum pressure in the chamber 40 and is output from the vacuum pressure sensor 24 to the control unit 60.
- a diaphragm vacuum gauge, a thermocouple vacuum gauge, a Pirani vacuum gauge, a Benning vacuum gauge, or the like is used for the vacuum pressure sensor 24, a diaphragm vacuum gauge, a thermocouple vacuum gauge, a Pirani vacuum gauge, a Benning vacuum gauge, or the like is used.
- One of the release valves 25 is connected to the gas supply port 203 of the base 42 shown in FIG. 2, and the other is connected to a gas supply unit 29 such as an N 2 (nitrogen) cylinder or an H 2 (hydrogen) cylinder (not shown). Is done.
- the gas supply unit 29 has a proportional solenoid valve (not shown).
- the gas supply unit 29 only needs to supply at least one of N 2 gas (inert gas) and H 2 gas (reducing active gas) into the chamber 40.
- the proportional solenoid valve is adapted to adjust the inflow amount of N 2 gas, H 2 gas and the like.
- An opening valve control signal S25 is output from the control unit 60 to the opening valve 25.
- the opening valve control signal S25 is a signal for controlling the opening valve 25.
- the opening valve 25 is, for example, one having an initial opening valve and a main opening valve.
- the initial opening valve has a predetermined diameter, which is smaller than the main opening valve.
- the initial opening valve is used in the case where the amount of gas flowing into the chamber 40 is suppressed to be small or in the pre-stage operation of the main opening valve.
- the main opening valve is larger than the diameter of the initial opening valve, and allows a larger amount of gas to flow through than the initial opening valve.
- the cooling unit 50 is connected to the control unit 60.
- a cooling control signal S50 is output from the control unit 60 to the cooling unit 50.
- the cooling control signal S50 is a signal for controlling a heat exchanger, a fan, and the like.
- the cooling method of the cooling unit 50 is a turbofan (nitrogen atmosphere).
- the control unit 60 includes a control unit 61, a memory unit 62, and a timing generation unit 63.
- the control unit 60 also includes an analog / digital converter, an oscillator, etc. (not shown).
- a memory unit 62 is connected to the control unit 61, and control data D62 is stored.
- the control data D62 is information constituting the evacuation control characteristic of the inclination ⁇ (for example, ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 4) in which the evacuation time is plotted against the degree of vacuum when the chamber 40 is evacuated with a predetermined pump output (FIG. 6). reference).
- the evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 having four inclinations ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 4 are tabulated and referred to.
- the control data D62 includes the preliminary heating unit 20, the electromagnetic valve 22, the release valve 25, the main heating unit 30, the lifting mechanism 43, the panel heater 44, and the cooling unit 50 in addition to the data related to the evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4.
- Data for controlling the transport mechanism 70 is also included.
- a read-only memory Read Only Memory: ROM
- a read / write memory Random Access Memory: RAM
- HDD fixed disk memory
- a central processing unit (CPU) is used for the control unit 61.
- the control data D62 related to the evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 is developed in the RAM.
- the controller 61 is selected from a plurality of previously prepared vacuum suction control characteristics # 1 to # 4 with a tilt ⁇ , and the pump output is reduced from a vacuum suction control characteristic with a small pump output based on the initially set slope ⁇ of the vacuum suction control characteristics.
- the evacuation control of the pump 23 is executed so as to switch to the evacuation control characteristic with a large output.
- control unit 61 sets a pointer in the memory unit 62 and monitors the inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic of the switching destination, and the inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic that is initially set and the evacuation control characteristic of the switching destination.
- the control is switched from a vacuum pumping control characteristic with a small pump output to a vacuum pumping control characteristic with a large pump output.
- control unit 61 adjusts the degree of vacuum based on the vacuum pressure detection signal S24 and controls the electromagnetic valve 22 and the release valve 25 in addition to the pump 23 so as to maintain the degree of vacuum for a predetermined time.
- the selectivity of the evacuation conditions can be expanded and the chamber can be evacuated in a short time to the specified target set pressure Pf.
- the void 2 in the molten solder 7 can be gradually defoamed and degassed. Therefore, the void 2 breaks (explodes), and it becomes possible to prevent flux splashing, solder scattering, and the like.
- a timing generation unit 63 is connected to the control unit 61.
- the timing generator 63 receives a reference clock signal obtained from an oscillator (not shown) and a control command from the controller 61, and the above-described preheating control signal S20, electromagnetic valve control signal S22, release valve control signal S25, main heating control signal. S30, lift control signal S43, heater control signal S44, cooling control signal S50 and transport control signal S70 are generated. These constitute a control system of the vacuum reflow furnace 100.
- the walking beam type transport mechanism 70 includes fixed beams 17 and 27 and moving beams 18 and 28.
- the feed pitch of the moving beams 18 and 28 is, for example, about 400 mm.
- the side on which the workpiece 1 is carried in is referred to as the carrying-in side
- the side on which the workpiece 1 is carried out is referred to as the carrying-out side.
- the carry-in fixed beam 17 is provided in the preheating unit 20 and the main heating unit 30 shown in FIG. 1, and the carry-out fixed beam 27 is provided in the cooling unit 50.
- a pair of fixed beams 17 and 27 are provided on both sides of the conveyance path 16 of the workpiece 1.
- the moving beams 18 and 28 operate so as to move up and down and left and right with respect to the fixed beams 17 and 27 on both sides (see (1) to (4) in the figure: walking).
- symbol a represents the home position Hp of each of the moving beams 18 and 28.
- the moving beams 18 and 28 are driven independently on the carry-in side and the carry-out side, respectively.
- the moving beam 18 on the carry-in side rises in the vertical direction (a ⁇ b) along the locus (1) and receives the workpiece 1 from the fixed beam 17 (fixed beam 45).
- the workpiece 1 moves in the horizontal direction (b ⁇ c) along the locus (2), descends in the vertical direction (c ⁇ d) along the locus (3), and the workpiece 1 is moved to the fixed beam 17 ( After being placed on the fixed beam 45), the moving beam 18 moves in the horizontal direction (d ⁇ a) along the locus (4) and returns to the home position Hp. In this way, the workpiece 1 is sequentially tact-fed.
- the moving beam 28 on the carry-out side moves in the horizontal direction (a ⁇ b) along the locus (1).
- the moving beam 28 receives the workpiece 1 from the fixed beam 45 (fixed beam 27).
- the workpiece 1 is moved in the horizontal direction (c ⁇ d) along the locus (3) with the workpiece 1 placed thereon.
- the workpiece 1 is sequentially tact-fed at a predetermined conveyance speed (the workpiece 1 is conveyed in order from the left side to the right side on the paper surface).
- the walking beam type transport mechanism 70 is configured.
- the evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 are acquired at the time of preliminary evacuation.
- the time of pre-evacuation means time other than the time of this vacuum evacuation.
- the vertical axis represents the pressure P [Pa] (degree of vacuum) in the chamber.
- the horizontal axis represents the time t [second] required for evacuation.
- Pf is a target set pressure, and is 10000 [Pa] in this example. 6
- the control characteristic # 1 is a characteristic that requires about 6 [seconds] to the target set pressure Pf to evacuate the chamber 40.
- the control characteristic # 2 is a characteristic capable of evacuating the chamber 40 by taking about 9 [seconds] to the target set pressure Pf.
- the control characteristic # 3 is a characteristic that requires about 11 [seconds] to the target set pressure Pf to evacuate the chamber 40.
- the control characteristic # 4 is a characteristic that requires about 16 [seconds] to the target set pressure Pf to evacuate the chamber 40.
- the frequency f for obtaining the pump output Po1 is 60 Hz
- the frequency f for obtaining the pump output Po2 is 40 Hz
- the frequency f for obtaining the pump output Po3 is 30 Hz
- the frequency f for obtaining the pump output Po4 is 20 Hz.
- the magnitude relationship between these pump outputs Po1 to Po4 is Po1> Po2> Po3> Po4 in terms of the pump output Po, and 60 Hz> 40 Hz> 30 Hz> 20 Hz in terms of the frequency f.
- ⁇ 1 is the slope of the evacuation control characteristic # 1.
- the inclination ⁇ 1 is an angle formed by a line segment jk (broken line) parallel to the vertical axis and a tangent line (broken line qr1) of the evacuation control characteristic # 1 graph.
- the origin of the tangent q-r1 is the starting point q of the graph at the start of evacuation (100,000 [Pa]).
- ⁇ 2 is the slope of the evacuation control characteristic # 2 defined by the tangent q ⁇ r2 like ⁇ 1.
- ⁇ 3 is the slope of the evacuation control characteristic # 3 defined by the tangent line qr3.
- ⁇ 4 is the slope of the evacuation control characteristic # 4 defined by the tangent line qr4.
- evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 acquired at the time of preliminary evacuation are developed in the memory unit 62 (RAM or the like).
- the evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 are developed in the same memory area with the above-described start point q overlapped.
- a thick broken line nm in the figure is a cursor, and is searched for the next point of frequency f (control characteristic switching point). For example, as the evacuation starts, the cursor nm is scrolled in the direction of the white arrow (downward). Scrolling is realized by the CPU or the like in the control unit 61 setting a pointer in the RAM or the like.
- Example 1 According to the control example (part 1) of the chamber 40 shown in FIG. 7, four evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 are selected. In evacuation of the chamber 40, the pump output control is executed by switching the evacuation control characteristics in the order of # 4 to # 1 in order to gradually increase the pump drive system frequency from 20 Hz ⁇ 30 Hz ⁇ 40 Hz ⁇ 60 Hz. Is done.
- the controller 61 sets the pointer shown in FIG. 6 at the start of evacuation, scrolls the cursor nm, and detects the slope ⁇ 4 of the graph in the next evacuation control characteristic # 3.
- the control is switched from the evacuation control characteristic # 4 to the evacuation control characteristic # 3 (first time). Even in the evacuation control characteristic # 3, the inclination ⁇ 4 at the initial setting is maintained.
- the pump 23 is driven following the evacuation control characteristic # 3 (30 Hz) together with the first control switching.
- the control unit 61 continues scrolling the cursor nm shown in FIG. 6 even after the first control switching, and this time detects the slope ⁇ 4 of the graph in the evacuation control characteristic # 2.
- the control is switched from the evacuation control characteristic # 3 to the evacuation control characteristic # 2 at the point of the pressure P2 at the time of detecting the inclination ⁇ 4 (second time). Even in the evacuation control characteristic # 2, the inclination ⁇ 4 at the initial setting is maintained.
- the pump 23 is driven following the vacuum control characteristic # 2 (40 Hz) together with the second control switching.
- the controller 61 continues to scroll the cursor nm shown in FIG. 6 even after the second control switching, and further detects the slope ⁇ 4 of the graph in the evacuation control characteristic # 1.
- the control is switched from the evacuation control characteristic # 2 to the evacuation control characteristic # 1 at the point of the pressure P3 at the time of detecting the inclination ⁇ 4 (third time). Even in the evacuation control characteristic # 1, the inclination ⁇ 4 at the initial setting is maintained.
- the evacuation control characteristics # 4 ⁇ # 3 ⁇ # 2 ⁇ # 1 are transferred to the chamber 40.
- the inside can be evacuated in a short time to the specified target set pressure Pf.
- the chamber 40 has reached the target set pressure Pf from the start of evacuation in about 9 [seconds].
- the transfer of the control characteristic means, for example, that the graph below the pressure P1 of the vacuum control characteristic # 4 shown in FIG. 6 is cut and the pressure of the vacuum control characteristic # 3 shown in FIG. It means that the graph of P1 or more is cut, the cut vacuuming control characteristic # 3 is shifted to the right side, and the vacuuming control characteristic # 4 graph and the vacuuming control characteristic # 3 graph are connected. Others should be interpreted similarly.
- Example 2 According to the control example (part 2) of the chamber 40 shown in FIG. 8, three evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 3 are selected. In evacuation of the chamber 40, pump output control is executed by switching the evacuation control characteristics in the order of # 3 to # 1 in order to perform control to gradually increase the frequency of the pump drive system from 30 Hz ⁇ 40 Hz ⁇ 60 Hz. .
- the control unit 61 scrolls the cursor nm in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and detects the slope ⁇ 3 of the graph in the next evacuation control characteristic # 2.
- the control is switched over from the vacuum control characteristic # 3 to the vacuum control characteristic # 2 (first time). Even in the vacuuming control characteristic # 2, the inclination ⁇ 3 at the initial setting is maintained.
- the pump 23 is driven following the evacuation control characteristic # 2 (40 Hz) together with the first control switching.
- the control unit 61 continues to scroll the cursor nm similarly after the first control switching, and this time detects the graph inclination ⁇ 3 in the evacuation control characteristic # 1.
- the control is switched from the evacuation control characteristic # 2 to the evacuation control characteristic # 1 at the point of the pressure P2 at the time of detecting the inclination ⁇ 3 (second time). Even in the evacuation control characteristic # 1, the inclination ⁇ 3 at the initial setting is maintained.
- the chamber 40 can be evacuated to the specified target set pressure Pf in a short time by transferring the evacuation control characteristics # 3 ⁇ # 2 ⁇ # 1. Become. In this example, the chamber 40 reaches the target set pressure Pf from the start of evacuation in about 8 [seconds].
- Example 3 According to the control example (part 3) of the chamber 40 shown in FIG. 9, two evacuation control characteristics # 2 and # 3 are selected. In evacuation of the chamber 40, the pump output control is executed by switching the evacuation control characteristic from # 3 to # 2 in order to control the frequency of the pump drive system in two stages from 30 Hz to 40 Hz.
- the pump 23 is driven following the evacuation control characteristic # 3 (30 Hz) with the inclination ⁇ 3 in the same manner as the second embodiment.
- the control unit 61 scrolls the cursor nm in the same manner as in the second embodiment, and detects the slope ⁇ 3 of the graph in the next evacuation control characteristic # 2.
- the control is switched in such a manner that the control is handed over from the vacuum control characteristic # 3 to the vacuum control characteristic # 2. Even in the vacuuming control characteristic # 2, the inclination ⁇ 3 at the initial setting is maintained.
- the pump 23 is driven in accordance with the evacuation control characteristic # 2 (40 Hz) together with this control switching.
- the chamber 40 can be evacuated to the specified target set pressure Pf in a short time by transferring from the evacuation control characteristic # 3 to # 2 while maintaining the inclination ⁇ 3 at the initial setting.
- the chamber 40 has reached the target set pressure Pf from the start of evacuation in about 9 [seconds].
- Example 4 According to the control example (part 4) of the chamber 40 shown in FIG. 10, two evacuation control characteristics # 1 and # 3 are selected. In evacuation of the chamber 40, the pump output control is executed by switching the evacuation control characteristic from # 3 to # 1 in order to control the frequency of the pump drive system in two stages from 30 Hz to 60 Hz.
- the pump 23 When the control is started, the pump 23 is driven in accordance with the evacuation control characteristic # 3 (30 Hz) with the inclination ⁇ 3 in the same manner as in the second and third embodiments.
- the controller 61 scrolls the cursor nm in the same manner as in the second and third embodiments, and detects the slope ⁇ 3 of the graph in the next evacuation control characteristic # 1.
- the control is switched from the evacuation control characteristic # 3 to the evacuation control characteristic # 1.
- the inclination ⁇ 3 at the initial setting is maintained.
- the pump 23 is driven in accordance with the evacuation control characteristic # 1 (60 Hz) together with this control switching.
- the chamber 40 can be evacuated to the designated target set pressure Pf in a short time by transferring from the evacuation control characteristic # 3 to # 1 while maintaining the inclination ⁇ 3 at the initial setting.
- the chamber 40 reaches the target set pressure Pf from the start of evacuation in about 8 [seconds].
- Example 5 According to the control example (part 5) of the chamber 40 shown in FIG. 11, two evacuation control characteristics # 1 and # 2 are selected. In evacuation of the chamber 40, the pump output control is executed by switching the evacuation control characteristic from # 2 to # 1 in order to control the frequency of the pump drive system in two stages from 40 Hz to 60 Hz.
- the control unit 61 scrolls the cursor nm in the same manner as in the second to fourth embodiments, and detects the slope ⁇ 2 of the graph in the next evacuation control characteristic # 1.
- the control is switched from the vacuum control characteristic # 2 to the vacuum control characteristic # 1 in a form in which control is taken over. Even in the evacuation control characteristic # 1, the inclination ⁇ 2 at the initial setting is maintained.
- the pump 23 is driven in accordance with the evacuation control characteristic # 1 (60 Hz) together with this control switching.
- the chamber 40 can be evacuated to the designated target set pressure Pf in a short time by transferring from the evacuation control characteristic # 2 to # 1 while maintaining the inclination ⁇ 2 at the initial setting.
- the chamber 40 reaches the target set pressure Pf from the start of evacuation in about 6.5 [seconds].
- FIG. 12 is a temperature profile of the vacuum reflow furnace 100.
- the vertical axis represents the work temperature T [° C.] in the preheating zones I to IV, the main heating zone V, the vacuum defoaming / degassing treatment zone VI and the cooling zone VII, and the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time t1 to t7 [seconds] is indicated.
- the bold curve in the figure is the workpiece temperature characteristic in the vacuum reflow furnace 100.
- FIGS. 13 to 17 are control examples based on the workpiece 1, and the processing of other workpieces 1 is proceeding simultaneously on the carry-in side and the carry-out side of the chamber 40.
- a description will be given focusing on the movement of one workpiece 1 before and after the chamber 40.
- the workpiece 1 is soldered in a vacuum environment, and the four vacuuming control characteristics # 1 to # 1 shown in FIG. # 4 is prepared in advance, and the control data D62 is tabulated and stored in the memory unit 62.
- the next evacuation condition is set in the control unit 61.
- the setting of the inclination ⁇ evacuation control is accepted by the operation unit 21. For example, when the four evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 shown in FIG. 7 are selected and the inclination ⁇ 4 evacuation control is initially set, the three evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 3 are selected, An example in which the inclination ⁇ 3 evacuation control is initially set, and in which two evacuation control characteristics # 1 and # 2 are selected and the inclination ⁇ 2 evacuation control is initially set will be described.
- the controller 61 monitors the inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic at the switching destination in real time, and always compares the inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic that has been initially set with the inclination ⁇ of the evacuation control characteristic at the switching destination. During the evacuation, when the slopes ⁇ and ⁇ of both control characteristics coincide, the control is switched from the evacuation control characteristic having a small pump output to the evacuation control characteristic having a large pump output.
- step ST1 process
- the evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 with a desired inclination ⁇ are selected from the four evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 with respect to the control section 61 using the operation unit 21.
- # 4 is selected.
- the user selects the vacuum suction control characteristics with the desired slope ⁇ from the vacuum suction control characteristics # 1 to # 4 in descending order of the number (in order of decreasing pump output frequency), and sets the vacuum suction control characteristics with the slope ⁇ .
- the setting information obtained here is output to the control unit 61 as operation data D21.
- the control unit 61 carries in the workpiece 1.
- the work 1 is carried in when the user presses a start button provided on the operation unit 21 or the like.
- the control unit 61 executes drive control of the transport mechanism 70.
- the transport mechanism 70 receives the transport control signal S13 from the control unit 60, operates the moving beams 18 and 28 based on the transport control signal S13, and feeds the workpiece 1 in a tact manner. Since the tact feed operation is not the essence of the present invention, the description thereof is omitted.
- a carry-in detection signal S26 is output to the control unit 60, and a timer is started. Based on this timer, the position of the workpiece 1 can be calculated by the tact feed time.
- step ST3 the control unit 61 performs a preheating process on the workpiece 1.
- the preheating unit 20 receives the preheating control signal S20 from the control unit 60, operates the four preheating zones I to IV based on the preheating control signal S20, and moves the workpiece 1 to a predetermined temperature (for example, 180). (1350 ° C. ⁇ 160 ° C. ⁇ 170 ° C. ⁇ 180 ° C.).
- the inside of the furnace is heated from room temperature to around 130 ° C. from time t0 to t1 in the temperature profile shown in FIG.
- the inside of the furnace is heated from a temperature of 130 ° C. to a temperature of around 160 ° C. from time t1 to time t2.
- the inside of the furnace is heated to a temperature of 160 ° C. to 170 ° C. from time t2 to t3.
- the inside of the furnace is heated to around 170 ° C. to 180 ° C. from time t3 to t4.
- step ST4 the control unit 61 performs the main heating process on the workpiece 1.
- the main heating unit 30 receives the main heating control signal S30 from the control unit 60, operates the heater, the fan, and the like of the main heating unit 30 based on the main heating control signal S30, and moves the workpiece 1 to 250.
- Heat to ° C. According to the temperature profile shown in FIG. 12, the main heating zone V heats the inside of the furnace to a temperature of 230 ° C. to 260 ° C. from time t4 to t5.
- step ST5 the control unit 61 performs a vacuum deaeration process on the workpiece 1. According to the vacuum deaeration process of this example, the process proceeds to a subroutine shown in FIG.
- step ST61 the control unit 61 executes the lowering control of the container 41 (chamber lowering).
- the raising / lowering mechanism 43 inputs the raising / lowering control signal S43 from the control unit 60, and operates the cylinder etc. which are not shown in figure, and makes the container 41 a sealing state.
- the panel heater 44 receives the heater control signal S44 from the control unit 60, and maintains the temperature of the workpiece 1 at 240 ° C. based on the heater control signal S44.
- the temperature inside the container 41 is maintained at around 230 ° C. to 250 ° C. from time t5 to t6.
- step ST62 the control unit 61 branches the control in accordance with whether the inclination ⁇ 4 vacuuming control is initially set, or other inclination ⁇ 3 vacuuming control or inclination ⁇ 2 vacuuming control is initially set. For example, when four evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 are selected and the inclination ⁇ 4 evacuation control is initially set, the process proceeds to step ST63, and the control unit 61 executes the ⁇ 4 evacuation control.
- the process proceeds to the subroutine shown in FIG. 15, and the control unit 61 controls the pump output with the evacuation control characteristic # 4 of the inclination ⁇ 4 as shown in FIG. 7 in step ST401.
- the pump 23 is driven following the evacuation control characteristic # 4 (20 Hz) with the inclination ⁇ 4 at the start of the control, and the inside of the chamber 40 is evacuated.
- the control unit 61 controls the electromagnetic valve 22 and the pump 23 to evacuate the chamber 40.
- the pump 23 operates so as to draw out the air in the container 41 with the suction amount along the evacuation control characteristic # 4 (20 Hz) with the inclination ⁇ 4.
- step ST402 the controller 61 detects the slope ⁇ 4 of the graph in the next evacuation control characteristic # 3.
- step ST403 the process returns to step ST403 to continue evacuation with the evacuation control characteristic # 4. If the graph inclination ⁇ 4 in the evacuation control characteristic # 3 is detected in step ST402, the process proceeds to step ST404, and the control unit 61 starts from the evacuation control characteristic # 4 in terms of the pressure P1 when the inclination ⁇ 4 is detected. Switching to the vacuuming control characteristic # 3 in the form of taking over control (first time). Even in the evacuation control characteristic # 3, the inclination ⁇ 4 at the initial setting is maintained, and the pump 23 is driven following the evacuation control characteristic # 3 (30 Hz).
- step ST405 the control unit 61 detects the slope ⁇ 4 of the graph in the next evacuation control characteristic # 2.
- the controller 61 continues to scroll the cursor nm shown in FIG. 6 even after the first control switching, and detects the slope ⁇ 4 of the graph in the evacuation control characteristic # 2.
- step ST406 the process returns to step ST406 to continue evacuation with the evacuation control characteristic # 3.
- step ST407 the control unit 61 performs a vacuum from the vacuuming control characteristic # 3 in terms of the pressure P2 when the slope ⁇ 4 is detected.
- the control is switched to the pull control characteristic # 2 in the form of taking over control (second time). Even in the evacuation control characteristic # 2, the inclination ⁇ 4 at the initial setting is maintained, and the pump 23 is driven following the evacuation control characteristic # 2 (40 Hz).
- step ST408 the control unit 61 detects the slope ⁇ 4 of the graph in the next evacuation control characteristic # 1.
- the control unit 61 continues to scroll the cursor nm shown in FIG. 6 even after the second control switching, and detects the slope ⁇ 4 of the graph in the evacuation control characteristic # 1.
- step ST409 the process returns to step ST409 to continue evacuation with the evacuation control characteristic # 2.
- the process proceeds to step ST410, and the control unit 61 performs a vacuum from the evacuation control characteristic # 2 in terms of the pressure P3 when the inclination ⁇ 4 is detected.
- the control is switched to the pull control characteristic # 1 in the form of taking over control (third time). Even in the evacuation control characteristic # 1, the inclination ⁇ 4 at the initial setting is maintained, and the pump 23 is driven following the evacuation control characteristic # 1 (60 Hz).
- This ⁇ 4 evacuation control allows the evacuation control characteristics # 4 ⁇ # 3 ⁇ # 2 ⁇ # 1 to be transferred and the chamber 40 to be evacuated to the specified target set pressure Pf in a short time.
- the process proceeds to the subroutine shown in FIG. 16, and the control unit 61 controls the pump output with the evacuation control characteristic # 3 of the inclination ⁇ 3 as shown in FIG. 8 in step ST601.
- the pump 23 is driven following the evacuation control characteristic # 3 (30 Hz) with the inclination ⁇ 3 at the start of the control.
- step ST602 the controller 61 detects the slope ⁇ 3 of the graph in the next evacuation control characteristic # 2.
- step ST603 If the pressure P1 has not been detected, the process returns to step ST603 to continue evacuation with the evacuation control characteristic # 3. If the graph inclination ⁇ 3 in the evacuation control characteristic # 2 is detected in step ST602, the process proceeds to step ST604, and the control unit 61 starts from the evacuation control characteristic # 3 in terms of the pressure P1 when the inclination ⁇ 3 is detected. Switching to the vacuuming control characteristic # 2 is performed in the form of taking over control (first time). Even in the evacuation control characteristic # 2, the inclination ⁇ 3 at the initial setting is maintained, and the pump 23 is driven following the evacuation control characteristic # 2 (40 Hz).
- step ST605 the control unit 61 detects the slope ⁇ 3 of the graph in the next evacuation control characteristic # 1.
- the control unit 61 continues to scroll the cursor nm shown in FIG. 6 even after the first control switching, and detects the slope ⁇ 3 of the graph in the evacuation control characteristic # 1.
- step ST606 the process returns to step ST606 to continue evacuation with the evacuation control characteristic # 2.
- step ST607 the control unit 61 performs a vacuum from the evacuation control characteristic # 2 in terms of the pressure P2 when the inclination ⁇ 3 is detected.
- step ST608 the control unit 61 branches the control in accordance with whether or not the chamber 40 has reached the target set pressure Pf. If the chamber 40 has not reached the target set pressure Pf, the process returns to step ST609 to continue evacuation with the evacuation control characteristic # 1. If the target set pressure Pf is reached in step ST608, the process returns to step ST65 of the subroutine. With this ⁇ 3 evacuation control, the evacuation control characteristics # 3 ⁇ # 2 ⁇ # 1 are transferred, and the chamber 40 can be evacuated to a specified target set pressure Pf in a short time.
- step ST66 the control unit 61 executes the inclination ⁇ 2 vacuuming control by moving to step ST66.
- the process proceeds to step ST66.
- the process proceeds to the subroutine shown in FIG. 17, and the control unit 61 controls the pump output with the evacuation control characteristic # 2 of the inclination ⁇ 2 in step ST701 as shown in FIG.
- the pump 23 is driven following the evacuation control characteristic # 2 (40 Hz) with the inclination ⁇ 2 at the start of the control.
- step ST702 the controller 61 detects the slope ⁇ 2 of the graph in the next evacuation control characteristic # 1.
- step ST703 If the pressure P1 is not detected, the process returns to step ST703 and the evacuation with the evacuation control characteristic # 2 is continued. If the graph inclination ⁇ 2 in the evacuation control characteristic # 1 is detected in step ST702, the process proceeds to step ST704, and the control unit 61 starts from the evacuation control characteristic # 2 in terms of the pressure P1 when the inclination ⁇ 2 is detected. Switching to the evacuation control characteristic # 1 in the form of taking over control. Even in the evacuation control characteristic # 1, the inclination ⁇ 2 at the initial setting is maintained, and the pump 23 is driven following the evacuation control characteristic # 1 (60 Hz).
- step ST705 the control unit 61 branches the control in accordance with whether or not the chamber 40 has reached the target set pressure Pf. If the chamber 40 has not reached the target set pressure Pf, the process returns to step ST706 to continue evacuation with the evacuation control characteristic # 1. If the target set pressure Pf is reached in step ST705, the process returns to step ST66 of the subroutine.
- This ⁇ 2 evacuation control allows the evacuation control characteristics # 2 ⁇ # 1 to be transferred and the chamber 40 to be evacuated to a specified target set pressure Pf in a short time.
- the control unit 61 maintains the target set pressure Pf for a predetermined time (vacuum degree maintenance time or the like).
- the controller 61 adjusts the electromagnetic valve 22 and the release valve 25 to maintain the vacuum pressure in the chamber 40 at the degree of vacuum maintenance time and the target set pressure Pf.
- step ST68 the control unit 61 determines whether or not the vacuum deaeration process is finished.
- the work 1 is tact-fed, so that the determination is made based on the set tact-feed time.
- void removal void removal
- the monitoring is terminated, and the controller 61 starts breaking the vacuum in the chamber 40 in step ST69.
- the pump 23 is stopped and the release valve 25 is operated, N 2 gas is supplied into the chamber 40, and the vacuum pressure in the container 41 is increased at a constant rate (linear function). (See the linear characteristic in FIG. 7).
- step ST70 the controller 61 controls the elevating mechanism 43 so as to raise the container 41.
- the raising / lowering mechanism 43 the raising / lowering control signal S43 is input from the control unit 60, and based on the raising / lowering control signal S43, the cylinder etc. which are not shown in figure are operated and the container 41 is made into an open state.
- the transport mechanism 70 receives a transport control signal S70 from the control unit 60, operates the moving beam 28 based on the transport control signal S70, and tact-feeds the workpiece 1 (see FIG. 5). When the workpiece 1 is unloaded from the base 42, the transport mechanism 70 loads the next workpiece 1 onto the base 42.
- step ST6 the control unit 61 performs a cooling process for the workpiece 1.
- the cooling unit 50 receives the cooling control signal S50 from the control unit 60, and operates the heat exchanger, the fan, and the like based on the cooling control signal S50 to cool the workpiece 1.
- work 1 can be cooled at desired temperature, 60 degreeC in this example.
- step ST7 the control unit 61 controls the transport mechanism 70 so that the workpiece 1 is carried out of the cooling unit 50 to the outside. Thereafter, in step ST8, the control unit 61 determines whether or not the vacuum soldering process for all the workpieces 1 has been completed. If the vacuum soldering process for all the workpieces 1 has not been completed, the process returns to step ST2, and the carry-in process, the heating process, the vacuum degassing process, and the cooling process of the workpiece 1 are continued. When the vacuum soldering process for all the workpieces 1 is finished, the control is finished.
- the four evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 are prepared in advance, and the controller 61 that executes the evacuation control of the pump 23 is provided.
- the controller 61 executes pump output control with the evacuation control characteristic with the inclination ⁇ , monitors the inclination ⁇ with the evacuation control characteristic with the inclination ⁇ of the switching destination in real time, and the inclination ⁇ of the initially set evacuation control characteristic. Based on the above, the pumping control characteristic with a small pump output is switched to the pumping control characteristic with a large pump output.
- This control makes it possible to expand the selectivity of the evacuation condition and to evacuate the chamber to the specified target set pressure Pf in a short time. Thereby, the throughput of the chamber can be adjusted. On the other hand, generation of voids can be suppressed and scattering of flux, parts, etc. can be prevented.
- the void of the molten solder that has reached the target set pressure Pf is evacuated with the evacuation control characteristic of the inclination ⁇ plotting the evacuation time against the degree of vacuum when the chamber is evacuated with a predetermined pump output. Is gradually degassed and degassed. Thereby, it becomes possible to prevent flux splashing, solder scattering, and the like, and a high-quality vacuum soldering process with few voids can be performed under a set degree of vacuum.
- the controller 61 refers to the evacuation control characteristic based on the vacuum pressure detection signal S24, and when the vacuum pressure in the chamber reaches the vacuum degree switching point of the evacuation control characteristic, the evacuation control characteristic having a large inclination ⁇ .
- the pump output may be switched to a vacuuming control characteristic with a small inclination ⁇ .
- the control unit 61 obtains the above-described four evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 and creates the table shown in FIG. From this table, a point for switching the evacuation control characteristic of the initially set inclination ⁇ is previously found (calculated) on the table.
- the switching point control data D62 obtained by this calculation is stored in the memory unit 62. An example of the storage is shown in FIG.
- the controller 61 detects the vacuum pressure in the chamber 40 and refers to the evacuation control characteristics # 1 to # 4 tabulated based on the pressure detection information (vacuum pressure detection signal S24). And, when the vacuum pressure (vacuum degree) in the chamber 40 reaches a point for switching the evacuation control characteristic, switching the pump output from the evacuation control characteristic having a large inclination ⁇ to the evacuation control characteristic having a small inclination ⁇ . Execute.
- P43 in parentheses is the vacuum pressure at the point of switching from the control characteristic # 4 to the control characteristic # 3 when the vacuuming control characteristic # 4 is executed.
- the control unit 61 takes over the control from the vacuum control characteristic # 4 to the control characteristic # 3. It is made to switch.
- P32 is the vacuum pressure at the point where the control characteristic # 3 is switched to the control characteristic # 2 when the vacuum control characteristic # 3 is executed.
- the control unit 61 switches the control from the evacuation control characteristic # 3 to the control characteristic # 2.
- P21 is a vacuum pressure at a point where the control characteristic # 2 is switched to the control characteristic # 1 when the vacuum control characteristic # 2 is executed.
- the control unit 61 switches the control from the evacuation control characteristic # 2 to the control characteristic # 1.
- the vacuum pressures P43, P32, and P21 are all obtained in advance from the vacuuming control characteristics # 1 to # 4 tabulated before the actual vacuuming.
- a plurality of evacuation control characteristics having an inclination ⁇ plotting the evacuation time with respect to the degree of vacuum when the chamber 40 is evacuated with a predetermined pump output are prepared in advance, and the initially set evacuation control characteristics are obtained.
- a control unit 61 is provided that performs pumping control of the pump so that the pumping control characteristic with a small pump output is switched to the pumping control characteristic with a large pump output based on the inclination ⁇ . From this, when the initially set evacuation control characteristic of the inclination ⁇ becomes an inclination larger than a predetermined value from the inclination ⁇ (for example, about +20 to 50%: hereinafter referred to as a threshold inclination ⁇ th), another evacuation control characteristic is obtained. This is also applicable when switching.
- the threshold inclination ⁇ th is a switching determination criterion, and differs depending on the number of vacuum control characteristics set and characteristics selected from a plurality of set control characteristics.
- evacuation characteristics # 4 ⁇ # 3 ⁇ # 2 ⁇ # 1 described in the above embodiment, a range of 20 to 50%, preferably 30 to 50%, evacuation control characteristics # 4 ⁇ # 3 ⁇ #
- the threshold gradient ⁇ th can be set as appropriate in consideration of the void generation rate, the evacuation time, and the like.
- the control unit 61 always compares the inclination ⁇ of the initially set evacuation control characteristic with the above-described threshold inclination ⁇ th during evacuation, and initially sets the evacuation control.
- the control is switched from the evacuation control characteristic having a small pump output to the evacuation control characteristic having a large pump output.
- This control can also increase the selectivity of the evacuation conditions described above, and evacuate the chamber to the specified target set pressure Pf in a short time.
- the present invention has a function of defoaming and degassing the solder in a vacuum melt state when a component for surface mounting is placed on a predetermined position on the substrate and the component and the substrate are soldered. It is extremely suitable when applied to a vacuum reflow furnace.
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Abstract
Description
i.特許文献1に見られるようなはんだ付け処理を行う際に、チャンバー(処理槽)内を真空状態としている。このとき、真空引きポンプを稼働させて真空状態を作り出すが、従来方式では真空処理時間を設定し、その設定された真空処理時間だけひたすらに真空引きポンプを稼働し続ける方法が採られている。
図7に示すチャンバー40の制御例(その1)によれば、4つの真空引き制御特性#1~#4が選択された場合である。チャンバー40の真空引きにおいては、ポンプ駆動系の周波数を20Hz→30Hz→40Hz→60Hzと徐々に高める制御を行うために、真空引き制御特性が#4~#1の順に切り替えてポンプ出力制御が実行される。
図8に示すチャンバー40の制御例(その2)によれば、3つの真空引き制御特性#1~#3が選択された場合である。チャンバー40の真空引きにおいては、ポンプ駆動系の周波数を30Hz→40Hz→60Hzと徐々に高める制御を行うために、真空引き制御特性が#3~#1の順に切り替えてポンプ出力制御が実行される。
図9に示すチャンバー40の制御例(その3)によれば、2つの真空引き制御特性#2及び#3が選択された場合である。チャンバー40の真空引きにおいては、ポンプ駆動系の周波数を30Hz→40Hzと2段階で制御を行うために、真空引き制御特性を#3から#2へ切り替えてポンプ出力制御を実行する場合である。
図10に示すチャンバー40の制御例(その4)によれば、2つの真空引き制御特性#1及び#3が選択された場合である。チャンバー40の真空引きにおいては、ポンプ駆動系の周波数を30Hz→60Hzと2段階で制御を行うために、真空引き制御特性を#3から#1へ切り替えてポンプ出力制御を実行する場合である。
図11に示すチャンバー40の制御例(その5)によれば、2つの真空引き制御特性#1及び#2が選択された場合である。チャンバー40の真空引きにおいては、ポンプ駆動系の周波数を40Hz→60Hzと2段階で制御を行うために、真空引き制御特性を#2から#1へ切り替えてポンプ出力制御を実行する場合である。
i.操作部21で傾きθ真空引き制御の設定を受け付ける。例えば、図7に示した4つの真空引き制御特性#1~#4が選択され、傾きθ4真空引き制御が初期設定されている場合、3つの真空引き制御特性#1~#3が選択され、傾きθ3真空引き制御が初期設定されている場合、及び、2つの真空引き制御特性#1,#2が選択され、傾きθ2真空引き制御が初期設定されている場合を例に挙げる。
ii.ワーク1がチャンバー40内に投入される前に、ワーク1を所定温度まで加熱する。
iii.ワーク1がチャンバー40内に投入された際に、チャンバー40内への投入前のワーク1の所定温度を保持する。
iv.制御部61がリアルタイムに切り替え先の真空引き制御特性の傾きθを監視し、初期設定された真空引き制御特性の傾きθと、切り替え先の真空引き制御特性の傾きθとを常に比較し、真空引き中、双方の制御特性の傾きθ,θが一致したとき、ポンプ出力が小さい真空引き制御特性からポンプ出力が大きい真空引き制御特性へ制御を切り替える。
11 搬入口
12 搬出口
13 搬送部
16 搬送路
17,27 固定ビーム
18,28 移動ビーム
20 予備加熱部(加熱部)
21 操作部
23 ポンプ
24 真空圧センサ
25 開放弁
26 搬入センサ
29 ガス供給部
30 本加熱部(加熱部)
40 チャンバー
41 容器
42 基台
43 昇降機構
44 パネルヒーター(加熱部)
45,46 固定ビーム(支持部)
47 ピン
48 シール部材
50 冷却部
100 真空リフロー炉(真空はんだ処理装置)
Claims (8)
- ワークを真空環境下ではんだ処理可能なチャンバーと、
前記チャンバーの真空引き条件を設定する操作部と、
前記真空引き条件に基づいて前記チャンバーを真空引きするポンプと、
前記チャンバーを所定のポンプ出力で真空引きしたときの前記真空度に対する真空引き時間をプロットした傾きθの真空引き制御特性が予め複数準備され、
初期設定された前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθに基づいて前記ポンプ出力が小さい前記真空引き制御特性からポンプ出力が大きい前記真空引き制御特性へ切り替えるように前記ポンプの真空引き制御を実行する制御部とを備える真空はんだ処理装置。 - 前記制御部は、
切り替え先の前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθを監視し、
初期設定された前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθと、切り替え先の前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθとを常に比較し、真空引き中、双方の前記制御特性の傾きθが一致したとき、前記ポンプ出力が小さい前記真空引き制御特性からポンプ出力が大きい前記真空引き制御特性へ制御を切り替える請求項1に記載の真空はんだ処理装置。 - 前記チャンバーの真空圧を検出して圧力検出情報を出力する検出部と、
前記真空引き制御特性をテーブル化したデータを記憶するメモリ部とを備え、
前記制御部が、
前記圧力検出情報に基づいて真空引き制御特性を参照し、
前記チャンバー内の真空圧が前記真空引き制御特性の真空度の切り替えポイントに到達したとき、前記傾きθが大きい前記真空引き制御特性から前記傾きθが小さい前記真空引き制御特性へ前記ポンプ出力を切り替える請求項1に記載の真空はんだ処理装置。 - 前記制御部は、
初期設定された前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθと、切り替え判別基準となる閾値傾きθthとを真空引き中、常に比較し、初期設定された前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθが前記閾値傾きθthを越えたとき、前記ポンプ出力が小さい前記真空引き制御特性からポンプ出力が大きい前記真空引き制御特性へ制御を切り替える請求項1に記載の真空はんだ処理装置。 - ワークを真空環境下ではんだ処理する真空はんだ処理装置の制御部が、
前記はんだ付け処理するチャンバーを所定のポンプ出力で真空引きして真空度に対する真空引き時間をプロットした所定の傾きθの真空引き制御特性を複数取得し記憶するステップと、
前記傾きθの真空引き制御特性を設定するステップと、
設定された前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθに基づいて前記ポンプ出力が小さい前記真空引き制御特性からポンプ出力が大きい前記真空引き制御特性へ切り替えるように前記ポンプ出力を制御するステップとを実行する真空はんだ処理装置の制御方法。 - 前記制御部は、
予備真空引き時、前記真空引き制御特性を取得してテーブルを作成するステップを実行し、
本真空引き時、切り替え先の前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθを監視するステップと、
初期設定された前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθと、切り替え先の前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθとを常に比較するステップと、
真空引き中、双方の前記制御特性の傾きθが一致したとき、前記ポンプ出力が小さい前記真空引き制御特性からポンプ出力が大きい前記真空引き制御特性へ制御を切り替えるステップとを実行する請求項5に記載の真空はんだ処理装置の制御方法。 - 前記制御部は、
予備真空引き時、
前記真空引き制御特性を取得してテーブルを作成するステップと、
初期設定された傾きθの前記真空引き制御特性を切り替えるポイントを見出すステップとを実行し、
本真空引き時、
前記チャンバーの真空圧を検出すると共に、前記圧力検出情報に基づいて、テーブル化された前記真空引き制御特性を参照するステップと、
前記チャンバー内の真空圧が前記真空引き制御特性を切り替えるポイントに到達したとき、前記傾きθが大きい前記真空引き制御特性から前記傾きθが小さい前記真空引き制御特性へ前記ポンプ出力を切り替えるステップとを実行する請求項5に記載の真空はんだ処理装置の制御方法。 - 前記制御部は、
初期設定された前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθと、切り替え判別基準となる閾値傾きθthとを真空引き中、常に比較し、初期設定された前記真空引き制御特性の傾きθが前記閾値傾きθthを越えたとき、前記ポンプ出力が小さい前記真空引き制御特性からポンプ出力が大きい前記真空引き制御特性へ制御を切り替える請求項5に記載の真空はんだ処理装置の制御方法。
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