WO2015033746A1 - アンブレインの製造方法 - Google Patents
アンブレインの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015033746A1 WO2015033746A1 PCT/JP2014/071333 JP2014071333W WO2015033746A1 WO 2015033746 A1 WO2015033746 A1 WO 2015033746A1 JP 2014071333 W JP2014071333 W JP 2014071333W WO 2015033746 A1 WO2015033746 A1 WO 2015033746A1
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- squalene
- cyclase
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- tetraprenyl
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/22—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group aromatic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/90—Isomerases (5.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/88—Lyases (4.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y402/00—Carbon-oxygen lyases (4.2)
- C12Y402/03—Carbon-oxygen lyases (4.2) acting on phosphates (4.2.3)
- C12Y402/0313—Tetraprenyl-beta-curcumene synthase (4.2.3.130)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y504/00—Intramolecular transferases (5.4)
- C12Y504/99—Intramolecular transferases (5.4) transferring other groups (5.4.99)
- C12Y504/99017—Squalene--hopene cyclase (5.4.99.17)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an umbrella.
- Ambergris is a high-quality fragrance that has been used around the world since the 7th century, and is also used as a herbal medicine. It is thought that dragon whales were formed by sperm whales that formed the indigestion of food (octopus, squid, etc.) by stone formation and excretion, but the detailed production mechanism is unknown.
- the main component of Ryu Rinka is an emblem, and it is thought that Ryu Rinka is oxidatively decomposed by sunlight and oxygen while floating on the sea to produce compounds with various fragrances.
- 3037-3045 includes ( ⁇ ) (5,5,8a-trimethyloctahydro-1H-spiro [naphthalene-2,2′-oxirane] -1- Yl) 2-((1R, 2R, 4aS, 8aS) -2- (methoxymethoxy) -2,5,5,8a-tetramethyldecahydronaphthalen-1-yl) acetaldehyde synthesized from methanol and ( ⁇ ) 5-((4-((S) -2,2-dimethyl-6-methylenecyclohexyl) butan-2-yl) sulfonyl) -1-phenyl synthesized from methyl 6-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylcyclohexanecarboxylate
- a method for convergent synthesis of -1H-tetrazole by a Julia coupling reaction to obtain an umbrain is disclosed.
- 3-deoxyakileol A which is a monocyclic triterpene, from squalene by using a squalene-hopene cyclizing enzyme mutant enzyme (D377C, D377N, Y420H, Y420W, etc.).
- a squalene-hopene cyclizing enzyme mutant enzyme D377C, D377N, Y420H, Y420W, etc.
- Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. (1999) Vol. 63, pp. 2189-2198, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., (2001) Vol. 65, pp. 2233-2242, Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., (2002 ) Vol.66, pp.1660-1670).
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an umbrain, which can more easily produce an umbrain than conventionally known organic synthesis methods.
- the present invention is as follows.
- a method for producing an umbrain comprising reacting a tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase with 3-deoxyacireol A to obtain an umbrain.
- the method further includes reacting squalene with a mutant squalene-hopene cyclase capable of generating 3-deoxyacireol A from squalene to obtain 3-deoxyacireol A, [1] to [ 3] The method for producing an embrane according to any one of 3).
- the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase has an amino acid substitution at at least one site selected from the group consisting of positions 377, 420, 607 and 612 in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the method for producing an umbrella according to [4].
- the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase has the amino acid sequence represented by any one of SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7 and SEQ ID NO: 8. [4] or [5].
- the tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase has the amino acid sequence represented by any one of SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 17, and SEQ ID NO: 18, according to any one of [1] to [6] Method of manufacturing an brain.
- the term “process” is not limited to an independent process, and is included in this term if the intended purpose of the process is achieved even when it cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes. .
- a numerical range indicated by using “to” indicates a range including the numerical values described before and after “to” as the minimum value and the maximum value, respectively.
- the amount of each component in the composition is the total amount of the plurality of substances present in the composition unless there is a specific indication when there are a plurality of substances corresponding to each component in the composition. Means.
- an amino acid residue in an amino acid sequence is represented by a one-letter code (for example, “G” for a glycine residue) or a three-letter code (for example, “Gly” for a glycine residue) well known in the art. There is. In the present invention, “%” regarding the amino acid sequences of proteins and polypeptides is based on the number of amino acid residues unless otherwise specified.
- the method for producing an umbrella according to the present invention is a method for producing an umbrella, comprising reacting tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase with 3-deoxyakileol A to obtain an umbrella.
- the embrane since tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase is reacted with 3-deoxyacireol A to produce an embrane, the embrane can be produced easily.
- Tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase is known to be an enzyme that generates bicyclic terpenol from squalene, which is a C 30 linear unsaturated hydrocarbon, but has a single ring at one end. It was revealed that deoxyacireol A can be used as a substrate. In addition, when tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase utilizes 3-deoxyacireol A as a substrate, it selectively cyclizes the non-cyclized end of 3-deoxyacireol A, thereby It was revealed that the compound was formed. The present invention is based on these findings. Due to the above activity of tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase, it is possible to easily produce an emblem using a single enzyme using 3-deoxyacireol A having a single ring at one end as a material.
- the method for producing an umbrella according to the present invention includes reacting tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase with 3-deoxyakileol A to obtain an umbrella (hereinafter referred to as an “umbrain production step”). Other steps are included as necessary.
- Umbrain is (1R, 4a ⁇ ) -1-[(E) -6-[(S) -2,2-dimethyl-6-methylenecyclohexyl] -4-methyl-3-hexenyl] decahydro-2,5, 5,8a ⁇ -tetramethylnaphthalen-2 ⁇ -ol, a cyclized compound having a composition formula C 30 H 52 O and a molecular weight of 428.745, and a triterpene alcohol having the following structure (CAS registration number: 473) -03-0).
- 3-deoxyacireol A is used as a substrate for tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase.
- 3-Deoxyakileol A is (S) -1,1-dimethyl-3-methylene-2-((3E, 7E, 11E) -3,8,12,16-tetramethylheptadeca-3,7, 11,15-tetraen-1-yl) cyclohexane, a composition formula C 30 H 50 , and a one-end cyclized compound having the following structure.
- the compound is used as a material for producing an embrane in the present invention.
- the method for obtaining 3-deoxyacireol A is not particularly limited, and may be obtained by chemical synthesis or may be obtained from an existing compound using an enzyme reaction.
- the production method of the present invention further includes reacting the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase with squalene to obtain 3-deoxyacireol A (hereinafter referred to as “3-deoxyacireol A production step”). It is preferable. As a result, an ambrain can be produced efficiently and simply from inexpensive squalene as a material by two enzyme reactions using mutant squalene-hopene cyclase and tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase.
- a mutant squalene-hopene cyclase capable of producing 3-deoxyacireol A from squalene is reacted with squalene to obtain 3-deoxyacireol A.
- “mutant squalene-hopene cyclase” refers to a mutant squalene-hopene cyclase capable of producing 3-deoxyakileol A from squalene unless otherwise specified.
- the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase is an enzyme obtained by modifying a wild-type squalene-hopene cyclase, and is an enzyme capable of generating 3-deoxyakileol A from squalene.
- Wild-type squalene-hopene cyclase is known as an enzyme (EC 5.4.99.-) that cyclizes squalene to produce pentacyclic hopene or hopanol, and includes Alicyclobacillus, Zymomonas, It is widely present in prokaryotes such as Brasilizobium.
- the amino acid sequence of wild-type squalene-hopene cyclase is already known.
- amino acid sequence of wild-type squalene-hopene cyclase of Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius (SEQ ID NO: 1) (Table 1) ) Is shown in GenBank accession number: AB007002.
- the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase is an enzyme having a mutation in the amino acid sequence of the wild-type squalene-hopene cyclase and having an activity capable of generating monocyclic 3-deoxyacireol A from squalene.
- a mutation is included in the amino acid sequence of wild-type squalene-hopene cyclase, an incomplete cyclization reaction occurs, and when reacted with squalene, the wild-type produces a pentacyclic compound. It is known that can be generated.
- the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase is selected from the group consisting of positions 377, 420, 607 and 612 in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 from the viewpoint of the production efficiency of 3-deoxyacireol
- Mutant squalene-hopene cyclase having an amino acid substitution at at least one site is preferred, mutant squalene-hopene cyclase having a mutation at one or two of these sites is more preferred, and these sites
- a mutant squalene-hopene cyclase having a mutation in any one of the above is more preferable.
- the above-mentioned mutation site in the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase is relative, for example, “position 377” is a deletion of one amino acid residue N-terminal from position 377. In some cases, it is actually 376.
- the amino acid sequence of wild-type squalene-hopene cyclase contains species-specific variations that are unrelated to the original function of squalene-hopene cyclase, depending on the species that originally possesses the enzyme. In this case, it should be read as a site after alignment by a method known in the art.
- the amino acid substitution in the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase substitutes another amino acid residue for the wild type amino acid residue.
- any amino acid residue can be used as long as the mutated squalene-hopene cyclase after the substitution can generate 3-deoxyacireol A from squalene. It may be an amino acid residue.
- the following mutation site and substituted amino acid in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 are preferable.
- the aspartic acid residue (D) at position 377 is replaced with a cysteine residue (C) or an asparagine residue (N).
- the tyrosine residue (Y) at position 420 is replaced with a histidine residue (H) or a tryptophan residue (W).
- the leucine residue (L) at position 607 is replaced with a phenylalanine residue (F) or a tryptophan residue (W).
- a tyrosine residue (Y) at position 612 is replaced with an alanine residue (A).
- the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase is preferably an enzyme having at least one substitution selected from the group consisting of (i) to (iv) above in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
- An enzyme having one or two substitutions selected from the group consisting of (iv) to (iv) is more preferable, and an enzyme having one substitution selected from the group consisting of (i) to (iv) is more preferable.
- the amino acid sequence of the wild-type squalene-hopene cyclase has one Alternatively, it may have a sequence in which several amino acid residues are substituted, deleted, inserted or added.
- the number of one or several amino acid residues to be substituted, deleted, inserted or added varies depending on the position of the amino acid residue in the three-dimensional structure of the protein, the type of amino acid residue, etc. The number is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, and still more preferably 1 to 5.
- the origin of the mutant squalene-hopene cyclizing enzyme is not particularly limited, and is preferably a mutant squalene-hopene cyclizing enzyme derived from, for example, an alicyclobacillus bacterium, a zymomonas genus bacterium, or a Brasilizobium bacterium.
- the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase is more preferably a mutant squalene-hopene cyclase derived from an alicyclobacillus bacterium, and in particular, from alicyclobacillus acidcardarius.
- the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase is particularly preferred.
- polypeptides A to G As the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase, the following polypeptides A to G (SEQ ID NOs: 2 to 8) are preferable from the viewpoint of enzyme activity.
- amino acid residues other than the mutation shown by “mutation” are the same as the amino acid residues in the amino acid sequence shown by SEQ ID NO: 1.
- each of the polypeptides A to G constituting the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase one or several amino acid residues in each amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NOs: 2 to 8 are substituted, deleted, inserted or Polypeptides having an added amino acid sequence and retaining the function of generating 3-deoxyakileol A from squalene are included.
- the number of amino acid residues to be substituted, deleted, inserted or added in each amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NOs: 2 to 8 is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, and still more preferably. Is 1 to 5.
- Polypeptides A to G constituting the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase are, for example, not less than 80%, preferably not less than 90%, more preferably with respect to the entire amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 2 to 8, respectively.
- Polypeptides are included.
- a polynucleotide capable of expressing a mutant squalene-hopene cyclase is available based on wild-type sequence information.
- Examples of the polynucleotide capable of expressing the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase include polynucleotides A to G having the base sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 9 to 15 (Table 3).
- the base sequence (GenBank accession number: AB007002) of the wild-type squalene-hopene cyclase gene of Alicyclobacillus acidcardarius is the same except for the site indicated by “mutation site”.
- Each of the polynucleotides A to G has a base sequence in which one or several bases are substituted, deleted, inserted or added in each of the base sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 9 to 15, and from squalene A polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide that retains the function of generating 3-deoxyacireol A is included.
- the number of bases substituted, deleted, inserted or added in each base sequence shown in SEQ ID NOs: 9 to 15 is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, and still more preferably 1. ⁇ 5.
- polynucleotides A to G for example, 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, more preferably 97% or more, with respect to the entire base sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 9 to 15, respectively. More preferably 98% or more, particularly preferably 99% or more of the polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having a sequence identity of 99% or more and retaining the function of generating 3-deoxyacetyle A from squalene.
- Polynucleotides A to G are polynucleotides that hybridize under stringent conditions to the complementary strands of the base sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 9 to 15, respectively, from squalene to 3-deoxyakileol A
- a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide that retains the function of generating is included.
- Hybridization can be performed according to a known method or a method according to a known method, for example, the method described in Molecular Cloning 3rd (J. Sambrook et al., Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 2001).
- Stringent conditions refer to conditions in which specific hybrids are formed and non-specific hybrids are not formed.
- Typical stringent conditions include, for example, a potassium concentration of about 25 mM to about 50 mM, and a magnesium concentration of about 1.0 mM to about 5.0 mM.
- a potassium concentration of about 25 mM to about 50 mM As an example of the conditions of the present invention, there may be mentioned conditions for performing hybridization in Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.6), 25 mM KCl, and 1.5 mM MgCl 2 , but the present invention is not limited thereto. Absent. Other stringent conditions are described in Molecular Cloning 3rd (J. Sambrook et al., Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 2001). Those skilled in the art can easily select stringent conditions by changing the hybridization reaction conditions, that is, the salt concentration of the hybridization reaction solution.
- a recombinant vector used for expressing a polynucleotide encoding a mutant squalene-hopene cyclase is not particularly limited, and is expressed in a vector that can be expressed in E. coli such as pET-3a, and in Bacillus subtilis such as pHT01. And vectors that can be expressed in yeast such as pYES2.
- E. coli such as pET-3a
- Bacillus subtilis such as pHT01.
- yeast that can be expressed in yeast such as pYES2.
- an enzyme expression vector can be obtained.
- the host bacterium to which the enzyme expression vector is to be introduced can be appropriately selected according to the type of the recombinant vector used. For example, Escherichia coli such as BL21 (DE3), 168 strains such as Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae And yeasts.
- the recombinant vector may have a promoter, a splicing signal, a poly A addition signal, a selection marker, a ribosome binding sequence (SD sequence), a terminator such as NOS, and the like as necessary.
- a selection marker for example, known ones such as kanamycin resistance gene, ampicillin resistance gene, antibiotic resistance gene such as tetracycline resistance gene are used without particular limitation.
- the recombinant vector may contain a reporter gene for confirming the introduction of the target gene. Examples of such a reporter gene include GUS ( ⁇ -glucuronidase) gene, luciferase gene, GFP (green fluorescent protein) gene and the like.
- Mutant squalene-hopene cyclase is produced by culturing a transformant obtained by introducing an enzyme expression vector into a bacterium or the like.
- the medium used for culturing the transformant may be a commonly used medium, and is appropriately selected according to the type of host. For example, when culturing E. coli, LB medium or the like is used. Antibiotics according to the type of selection marker may be added to the medium.
- the mutant squalene-hopene cyclizing enzyme may be a product obtained by extracting and purifying an enzyme from a culture solution obtained by culturing a transformant capable of expressing the enzyme. Moreover, you may use the extract containing the enzyme extracted from the transformant in a culture solution as it is. A known method may be applied as an enzyme extraction method from the transformant.
- the enzyme extraction step may include, for example, disrupting the transformant in an extraction solvent and separating the cell contents from the transformant fragments.
- the obtained cell contents contain the target mutant squalene-hopene cyclase.
- the cell contents extracted from the cells and separated from the cell fragments are referred to as “cell-free extract”.
- the disruption method of the transformant the separation method of the cell contents and the fragment of the microorganism, the composition of the extraction solvent and the pH conditions, the same matters as described in the later-described process for producing the brain are applied as they are.
- Mutant squalene-hopene cyclase may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the conditions for the reaction between the mutant squalene-hopene cyclizing enzyme and squalene as long as the enzymatic reaction can proceed.
- the reaction temperature and reaction time can be appropriately selected based on the activity of the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase. From the viewpoint of reaction efficiency, the reaction temperature and reaction time are, for example, 4 ° C. to 100 ° C. and 0.1 hour to 48 hours, preferably 30 ° C. to 60 ° C. and 16 hours to 24 hours.
- the pH condition is, for example, 3 to 10 and preferably 6 to 8 from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency.
- the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the enzyme reaction, and a commonly used buffer or the like can be used. Further, for example, the same extraction solvent used in the enzyme extraction step can be used. Alternatively, an extract containing a mutant squalene-hopene cyclase (eg, a cell-free extract) may be used as an enzyme solution for the reaction as it is.
- the concentration ratio of the mutant squalene-hopene cyclizing enzyme and the substrate squalene in the 3-deoxyacireol A production reaction is the molar concentration ratio of the substrate to the enzyme (substrate / enzyme). 10 to 10000 is preferable, 100 to 5000 is more preferable, 1000 to 3000 is more preferable, and 1000 to 2000 is still more preferable.
- the concentration of squalene used in the enzyme reaction is preferably 0.000001% by mass to 0.002% by mass and more preferably 0.00001% by mass to 0.0002% by mass with respect to the total mass of the reaction solvent from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency. preferable.
- 3-Deoxyakileol A obtained by a reaction using a mutant squalene-hopene cyclase can be subjected to a reaction with tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase after purification by a known method.
- the method for purifying 3-deoxyacireol A is not particularly limited as long as 3-deoxyacireol A in the reaction solution can be taken out, and may be appropriately selected from commonly used purification methods.
- Specific examples of the purification method include solvent extraction, recrystallization, distillation, column chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the like.
- the reaction step in which the mutant squalene-hopene cyclizing enzyme reacts with squalene may be repeated a plurality of times. As a result, the yield of 3-deoxyacireol A can be increased.
- the timing and amount of charging can be appropriately set according to the concentration of mutant squalene-hopene cyclizing enzyme in the reaction solution, the base mass remaining in the reaction solution, and the like.
- Tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase is classified in EC 4.2.1.129, a reaction that produces baciterpenol A from water and tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene, or 8 ⁇ -hydroxypolypoda-13 from squalene. It is an enzyme that can catalyze the reaction to produce 17,21-triene.
- Tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase is known as an enzyme produced by bacteria such as Bacillus bacteria. From the viewpoint of reaction efficiency, the tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase is preferably derived from a Bacillus bacterium.
- the tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase derived from the genus Bacillus is preferably an enzyme derived from Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, etc. From the viewpoint, an enzyme derived from Bacillus megaterium or Bacillus subtilis is more preferable, and an enzyme derived from Bacillus megaterium is particularly preferable.
- the amino acid sequence of tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase from Bacillus bacteria is known.
- the amino acid sequence of tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase derived from Bacillus megaterium is shown in GenBank accession number: ADF38987 (SEQ ID NO: 16) (Table 4).
- the amino acid sequence of tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase derived from Bacillus subtilis is shown in GenBank accession number: AB618206 (SEQ ID NO: 17) (Table 5).
- the amino acid sequence of tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase derived from Bacillus licheniformis is shown in GenBank accession number: AAU41134 (SEQ ID NO: 18) (Table 6).
- the tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase is preferably tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 16, SEQ ID NO: 17 or SEQ ID NO: 18, Tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase having the amino acid sequence represented by 16 is more preferred.
- Tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase has an amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acid residues are substituted, deleted, inserted or added in each amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NOs: 16 to 18,
- polypeptides that retain the function of generating an ambrain from 3-deoxyacireol A are included.
- the number of amino acid residues to be substituted, deleted, inserted or added in each amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NOs: 16 to 18 is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, and still more preferably. Is 1 to 5.
- tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase for example, 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more, and more preferably, with respect to the entire amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 16 to 18, respectively.
- Tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase is an amino acid sequence of tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase produced by Bacillus bacteria and / or a tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase gene possessed by Bacillus bacteria. It may be obtained by genetic engineering based on the base sequence.
- the tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase gene used in the genetic engineering production of tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase includes a polynucleotide having a base sequence of a wild-type gene possessed by a Bacillus bacterium, or And a polynucleotide synthesized based on the base sequence of the wild-type gene.
- GenBank Polynucleotide No. 2130781 to No. 2132658 of the genome sequence of CP001982.1 (SEQ ID No. 19, GenBank: No. 2130781 base of the genome sequence of CP001982.1 is the first base) (Base sequence) is known.
- GenBank Polynucleotide No. 2130781 to No. 2132658 of the genome sequence of CP001982.1 (SEQ ID No. 19, GenBank: No. 2130781 base of the genome sequence of CP001982.1 is the first base) (Base sequence) is known.
- Bacillus subtilis a polynucleotide (SEQ ID NO: 20) described in GenBank: AB618206 is known.
- the polynucleotide encoding tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase has a base sequence in which one or several bases are substituted, deleted, inserted or added in each base sequence shown in SEQ ID NOs: 19 to 21. And a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having a function of generating an ambrain from 3-deoxyacireol A.
- the number of bases substituted, deleted, inserted or added in each base sequence represented by SEQ ID NOs: 19 to 21 is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, still more preferably 1. ⁇ 5.
- polynucleotide encoding tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase for example, 80% or more, preferably 90% or more, more preferably 95% or more with respect to the entire base sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 19 to 21 More preferably 97% or more, more preferably 98% or more, particularly preferably 99% or more, and a polypeptide that retains the function of generating ambrain from 3-deoxyacireol A
- a polynucleotide encoding is included.
- the polynucleotide encoding tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase includes a polynucleotide that hybridizes under stringent conditions to each complementary strand of the nucleotide sequences represented by SEQ ID NOs: 19 to 21.
- a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide that retains the function of generating an ambrain from deoxyacireol A is included. Hybridization conditions and stringent conditions are the same as those described for the mutant squalene-hopene cyclase.
- tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase examples include a polypeptide encoded by the nucleotide sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 19 to 21, and the nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 19 or SEQ ID NO: 20 encodes it. And a polypeptide encoded by the base sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 19.
- the recombinant vector used for expressing the polynucleotide encoding tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase is not particularly limited and can be expressed in Escherichia coli such as pColdTF, or in Bacillus subtilis such as pHT01. And vectors that can be expressed in yeast such as pYES2.
- Escherichia coli such as pColdTF
- Bacillus subtilis such as pHT01.
- yeast yeast
- the host bacterium to which the enzyme expression vector is to be introduced can be appropriately selected according to the type of the recombinant vector used. For example, Escherichia coli such as BL21 (DE3), 168 strains such as Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae And yeasts.
- the recombinant vector may have a promoter, a splicing signal, a poly A addition signal, a selection marker, a ribosome binding sequence (SD sequence), a terminator such as NOS, and the like as necessary.
- a selection marker for example, known ones such as kanamycin resistance gene, ampicillin resistance gene, antibiotic resistance gene such as tetracycline resistance gene are used without particular limitation.
- the recombinant vector may contain a reporter gene for confirming the introduction of the target gene. Examples of such a reporter gene include GUS ( ⁇ -glucuronidase) gene, luciferase gene, GFP (green fluorescent protein) gene and the like.
- Tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase is produced by culturing a transformant obtained by introducing an enzyme expression vector into bacteria or the like.
- the medium used for culturing the transformant may be a commonly used medium, and is appropriately selected according to the type of host. For example, when culturing E. coli, LB medium or the like is used. Antibiotics according to the type of selection marker may be added to the medium.
- Tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase may be a product obtained by extracting and purifying an enzyme from a culture solution obtained by culturing a transformant capable of expressing the enzyme. Moreover, you may use the extract containing the enzyme extracted from the transformant in a culture solution as it is. A known method may be applied as an enzyme extraction method from the transformant.
- the enzyme extraction step may include, for example, disrupting the transformant in an extraction solvent and separating the cell contents from the transformant fragments. The obtained cell contents contain the target tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase.
- a known method capable of disrupting the transformant and recovering the enzyme solution may be applied.
- Examples thereof include ultrasonic disruption and glass bead disruption.
- the crushing conditions are not particularly limited as long as the enzyme is not inactivated, such as 10 ° C. or less and 15 minutes.
- Examples of the method for separating the cell contents from the crushed pieces of microorganisms include sedimentation separation, centrifugation, filtration separation, and combinations of these two or more separation methods. Separation conditions using these methods are known to those skilled in the art, and in the case of centrifugation, for example, 8,000 ⁇ g to 15,000 ⁇ g and 10 minutes to 20 minutes.
- the extraction solvent may be one that is usually used as a solvent for enzyme extraction, and examples thereof include a Tris-HCl buffer solution and a potassium phosphate buffer solution.
- the pH of the extraction solvent is preferably from 3 to 10, more preferably from 6 to 8, from the viewpoint of enzyme stability.
- the extraction solvent may contain a surfactant.
- the surfactant include nonionic surfactants and zwitterionic surfactants.
- Nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters such as poly (oxyethylene) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80), alkyl glucosides such as n-octyl ⁇ -D-glucoside, sucrose stearate, etc. Sucrose fatty acid esters and polyglycerin fatty acid esters such as polyglycerin stearate.
- zwitterionic surfactants include N, N-dimethyl-N-dodecylglycine betaine, which is an alkylbetaine.
- Triton X-100 Triton X-100
- polyoxyethylene (20) cetyl ether Brij-58
- nonylphenol ethoxylate Tegitol NP-40
- concentration of the surfactant in the extraction solvent is preferably 0.001% by mass to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.10% by mass to 3.0% by mass, and 0.10% by mass from the viewpoint of enzyme stability. % To 1.0% by mass is more preferable.
- the extraction solvent preferably contains a reducing agent such as dithiothreitol or ⁇ -mercaptoethanol from the viewpoint of enzyme activity.
- a reducing agent such as dithiothreitol or ⁇ -mercaptoethanol
- dithiothreitol is preferable.
- concentration of dithiothreitol in the extraction solvent is preferably 0.1 mM to 1 M, more preferably 1 mM to 10 mM. Due to the presence of dithiothreitol in the extraction solvent, structures such as disulfide bonds in the enzyme are easily retained, and the enzyme activity tends to increase.
- the extraction solvent preferably contains a chelating agent such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) from the viewpoint of enzyme activity.
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- concentration of EDTA in the extraction solvent is preferably 0.01 mM to 1 M, more preferably 0.1 mM to 10 mM. Due to the presence of EDTA in the extraction solvent, metal ions that can lower the enzyme activity are chelated, so that the enzyme activity tends to increase more.
- the extraction solvent may contain known components that can be added to the enzyme extraction solvent.
- Tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase may be used alone or in combination of two or more. There are no particular restrictions on the conditions for the reaction of tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase and 3-deoxyacireol A as long as the enzymatic reaction can proceed.
- the reaction temperature and reaction time can be appropriately selected based on the activity of tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase and the like. From the viewpoint of reaction efficiency, the reaction temperature and reaction time are, for example, 4 ° C. to 100 ° C. and 0.1 hour to 48 hours, preferably 30 ° C. to 60 ° C. and 16 hours to 24 hours.
- the pH condition is, for example, 3 to 10 and preferably 6 to 8 from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency.
- the reaction solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the enzyme reaction, and a commonly used buffer or the like can be used. Further, for example, the same extraction solvent used in the enzyme extraction step can be used. In addition, an extract containing tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase (eg, a cell-free extract) may be used as it is in the reaction as an enzyme solution.
- the concentration ratio between tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase and its substrate 3-deoxyacireol A in the umbrain production reaction is the molar ratio of substrate to enzyme (substrate / enzyme) from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency. 10 to 10000 is preferable, 100 to 5000 is more preferable, 1000 to 3000 is more preferable, and 1000 to 2000 is still more preferable. From the viewpoint of reaction efficiency, the concentration of 3-deoxyacireol A used for the enzyme reaction is preferably 0.000001% by mass to 0.002% by mass, and preferably 0.00001% by mass to 0.001% by mass with respect to the total mass of the reaction solvent. 0002 mass% is more preferable.
- the reaction step of reacting tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase and 3-deoxyacireol A may be repeated a plurality of times. Thereby, the yield of an umbrain can be raised.
- purify etc. may be included.
- the timing and amount of charging are appropriately determined depending on the concentration of tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclizing enzyme in the reaction solution, the base mass remaining in the reaction solution, and the like. Can be set.
- the method for producing an umbrain of the present invention comprises a 3-deoxyacireol A production step and an umbrain production step, it is derived from an alicyclobacillus bacterium from the viewpoint of the efficiency of production of the umbrain and the simplicity of the production method.
- 3-deoxyakileol A obtained by reacting mutant squalene-hopene cyclase with squalene reacts with tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase derived from Bacillus bacteria to produce ambrain It is preferable that the method includes.
- 3-deoxyakileol A obtained by the reaction of mutated squalene-hopene cyclase derived from alicyclobacillus acidocardarius and squalene is converted to tetramethyl derived from Bacillus megaterium or Bacillus subtilis.
- a method comprising reacting a prenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase to produce an ambrain.
- the method for producing an umbrella of the present invention may further include a purification step for purifying the produced umbrella brain.
- the method for purifying the umbrain is not particularly limited as long as the umbrain in the reaction solution can be taken out, and may be appropriately selected from commonly used purification methods. Specific examples of the purification method include solvent extraction, recrystallization, distillation, column chromatography, HPLC and the like.
- Example 1 Using the squalene as a material, the embrane is formed by two steps: a step of reacting a mutant squalene-hopene cyclase with squalene and a step of reacting a tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase with 3-deoxyakileol A. Obtained.
- the reaction scheme of the two steps is shown below.
- Squalene 50 mg was mixed with Triton X-100 (1 g) and solubilized, and then added to buffer A (5 mL) to prepare a squalene solution. The total amount of this squalene solution was added to the cell-free extract A to obtain a reaction solution, which was incubated at 60 ° C. for 16 hours.
- the molar ratio (substrate / enzyme) between squalene (substrate) and mutant squalene-hopene cyclase (enzyme) was about 1000.
- the 3-deoxyacireol A (35 mg) obtained in the above step (1) was mixed and solubilized with Triton X-100 (700 mg), and then added to buffer B (5 mL) to add 3-deoxyacireol A solution.
- the total amount of the 3-deoxyacireol A solution was added to the cell-free extract B (180 mL) to obtain a reaction solution, which was incubated at 30 ° C. for 16 hours.
- the molar ratio (substrate / enzyme) of 3-deoxyacireol A (substrate) to tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase (enzyme) was about 1000.
- the structure of the umbrain was confirmed by a gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus (NMR). Also, the optical rotation almost agreed with the literature values.
- Example 2 The steps (1) and (2) were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase was changed from an enzyme derived from Bacillus megaterium to an enzyme derived from Bacillus subtilis. Brain synthesis was performed.
- the tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase used in Example 2 is an enzyme encoded by a polynucleotide represented by SEQ ID NO: 20 and has an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 17.
- Example 1 As a result, in the same manner as in Example 1, it was possible to synthesize umbrain from squalene via 3-deoxyakileol A.
- the yield of the synthesized ambrain was about 10% of the case where tetraprenyl- ⁇ -curcumene cyclase derived from Bacillus megaterium was used (Example 1).
- an ambrain can be easily produced from 3-deoxyakileol A.
- an ambrain can be easily produced from squalene via 3-deoxyakileol A.
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Abstract
Description
例えば、特開平10-236996号公報には、(+)-アンブレインを簡便かつ安価に効率よく製造する方法として、アンブレノリドから、新規なスルホン酸誘導体を製造し、これにγ-シクロゲラニルハライドの光学活性体をカップリングさせる工程を含む方法が開示されている。
また、Tetrahedron Asymmetry, (2006) Vol.17, pp.3037-3045には、(±)(5,5,8a-トリメチルオクタヒドロ-1H-スピロ[ナフタレン-2,2’-オキシラン]-1-イル)メタノールから合成した2-((1R,2R,4aS,8aS)-2-(メトキシメトキシ)-2,5,5,8a-テトラメチルデカヒドロナフタレン-1-イル)アセトアルデヒドと、(±)メチル 6-ヒドロキシ-2,2-ジメチルシクロヘキサンカルボキシレートから合成した5-((4-((S)-2,2-ジメチル-6-メチレンシクロヘキシル)ブタン-2-イル)スルホニル)-1-フェニル-1H-テトラゾールとを、Juliaカップリング反応によって収束的合成して、アンブレインを得る方法が開示されている。
また、テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素が、テトラプレニル-β-クルクメンから4環性のC35テルペノールを生成する反応と、スクアレンから2環性のトリテルペンを生成する反応と、の2つの反応に関与する二機能性酵素であることが報告されている(J. Am. Chem. Soc., (2011) Vol.133, pp.17540-17543)。
[1] テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素を3-デオキシアキレオールAに反応させて、アンブレインを得ること、を含むアンブレインの製造方法。
[2] テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素が、バチルス属細菌由来である、[1]に記載のアンブレインの製造方法。
[3] テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素が、バチルス・メガテリウム、バチルス・サブチリス及びバチルス・リケニフォルミスのいずれか由来である、[1]又は[2]に記載のアンブレインの製造方法。
[4] スクアレンから3-デオキシアキレオールAを生成可能な変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素を、スクアレンに反応させて、3-デオキシアキレオールAを得ること、をさらに含む、[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載のアンブレインの製造方法。
[5] 変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素が、配列番号1で示されるアミノ酸配列における377位、420位、607位及び612位からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの部位にアミノ酸置換を有する、[4]に記載のアンブレインの製造方法。
[6] 変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素が、配列番号2、配列番号3、配列番号4、配列番号5、配列番号6、配列番号7及び配列番号8のいずれかで示されるアミノ酸配列を有する、[4]又は[5]に記載のアンブレインの製造方法。
[7] テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素が、配列番号16、配列番号17及び配列番号18のいずれかで示されるアミノ酸配列を有する、[1]~[6]のいずれか1つに記載のアンブレインの製造方法。
本明細書において「~」を用いて示された数値範囲は、「~」の前後に記載される数値をそれぞれ最小値および最大値として含む範囲を示す。
本明細書において組成物中の各成分の量は、組成物中に各成分に該当する物質が複数種存在する場合、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数種の物質の合計量を意味する。
本発明において、タンパク質及びポリペプチドのアミノ酸配列に関する「%」は、特に断らない限り、アミノ酸残基の個数を基準とする。
本発明では、テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素を3-デオキシアキレオールAに反応させてアンブレインを製造するので、アンブレインを簡便に製造することができる。
3-デオキシアキレオールA生成工程では、スクアレンから3-デオキシアキレオールAを生成可能な変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素を、スクアレンに反応させて、3-デオキシアキレオールAを得る。本明細書において、「変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素」とは、特に断らない限り、スクアレンから3-デオキシアキレオールAを生成可能な変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素を指す。
(i)377位のアスパラギン酸残基(D)がシステイン残基(C)又はアスパラギン残基(N)に置換。
(ii)420位のチロシン残基(Y)がヒスチジン残基(H)又はトリプトファン残基(W)に置換。
(iii)607位のロイシン残基(L)がフェニルアラニン残基(F)又はトリプトファン残基(W)に置換。
(iv)612位のチロシン残基(Y)がアラニン残基(A)に置換。
ハイブリダイゼーションは、公知の方法又は公知の方法に準じる方法、例えば、Molecular Cloning 3rd (J. Sambrook et al., Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 2001) に記載の方法等に従って行うことができる。ストリンジェントな条件とは、特異的なハイブリッドが形成され、非特異的なハイブリッドが形成されない条件をいう。典型的なストリンジェントな条件としては、例えば、カリウム濃度約25mM~約50mM、及びマグネシウム濃度約1.0mM~約5.0mMが挙げられる。本発明の条件の1例として、Tris-HCl緩衝液(pH8.6)、25mMのKCl、及び1.5mMのMgCl2中においてハイブリダイゼーションを行う条件が挙げられるが、これに限定されるものではない。他のストリンジェントな条件としては、Molecular Cloning 3rd (J. Sambrook et al., Cold Spring Harbor Lab. Press, 2001) に記載されている。当業者は、ハイブリダイゼーション反応の条件、即ちハイブリダイゼーション反応液の塩濃度等を変化させることによって、ストリンジェントな条件を容易に選択することができる。
組換えベクターは、目的とする遺伝子の導入を確認するためのレポーター遺伝子を含んでいてもよい。このようなレポーター遺伝子としては、GUS(β-グルクロニダーゼ)遺伝子、ルシフェラーゼ遺伝子、GFP(緑色蛍光タンパク質)遺伝子等が挙げられる。
変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素とスクアレンとの反応の条件は、酵素反応が進行可能な条件であれば特に制限はない。例えば、反応温度及び反応時間は、変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素の活性等に基づいて適宜選択することができる。反応温度及び反応時間は、反応効率の観点から、例えば4℃~100℃及び0.1時間~48時間であり、30℃~60℃及び16時間~24時間が好ましい。pH条件は、反応効率の観点から、例えば3~10であり、6~8が好ましい。
酵素反応に用いるスクアレンの濃度は、反応効率の観点から、反応溶媒の全質量に対して0.000001質量%~0.002質量%が好ましく、0.00001質量%~0.0002質量%がより好ましい。
3-デオキシアキレオールAの精製方法としては、反応液中の3-デオキシアキレオールAを取り出すことができれば特に制限されず、通常用いられる精製方法から適宜選択してよい。精製方法として具体的には、溶媒抽出、再結晶、蒸留、カラムクロマトグラフィー、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)等が挙げられる。
アンブレイン生成工程では、テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素を3-デオキシアキレオールAに反応させて、アンブレインを得る。
バチルス・メガテリウム由来のテトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素のアミノ酸配列は、GenBankアクセッション番号:ADF38987に示されている(配列番号16)(表4)。
バチルス・サブチリス由来のテトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素のアミノ酸配列は、GenBankアクセッション番号:AB618206に示されている(配列番号17)(表5)。
バチルス・リケニフォルミス由来のテトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素のアミノ酸配列は、GenBankアクセッション番号:AAU41134に示されている(配列番号18)(表6)。
バチルス・メガテリウムについては、GenBank:CP001982.1のゲノム配列の2130781番~2132658番のポリヌクレオチド(配列番号19、GenBank:CP001982.1のゲノム配列の第2130781番目の塩基を第1番目の塩基とする塩基配列)が知られている。
バチルス・サブチリスについては、GenBank:AB618206に記載のポリヌクレオチド(配列番号20)が知られている。
バチルス・リケニフォルミスについては、GenBank:CP000002.3のゲノム配列の2209539番~2211428番のポリヌクレオチド(配列番号21、GenBank:CP000002.3のゲノム配列の第2209539番目の塩基を第1番目の塩基とする塩基配列)が知られている。
組換えベクターは、目的とする遺伝子の導入を確認するためのレポーター遺伝子を含んでいてもよい。このようなレポーター遺伝子としては、GUS(β-グルクロニダーゼ)遺伝子、ルシフェラーゼ遺伝子、GFP(緑色蛍光タンパク質)遺伝子等が挙げられる。
細胞内容物と微生物体の破砕片との分離方法としては、沈降分離、遠心分離、濾過分離及びこれらの2つ以上の分離方法の組み合わせ等が挙げられる。これらの方法を用いた分離条件は当業者には公知であり、遠心分離の場合には例えば、8,000×g~15,000×g及び10分間~20分間である。
抽出溶媒中の界面活性剤の濃度は、酵素の安定性の観点から、0.001質量%~10質量%が好ましく、0.10質量%~3.0質量%がより好ましく、0.10質量%~1.0質量%が更に好ましい。
テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素と3-デオキシアキレオールAとの反応の条件は、酵素反応が進行可能な条件であれば特に制限はない。例えば、反応温度及び反応時間は、テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素の活性等に基づいて適宜選択することができる。反応温度及び反応時間は、反応効率の観点から、例えば4℃~100℃及び0.1時間~48時間であり、30℃~60℃及び16時間~24時間が好ましい。pH条件は、反応効率の観点から、例えば3~10であり、6~8が好ましい。
酵素反応に用いる3-デオキシアキレオールAの濃度は、反応効率の観点から、反応溶媒の全質量に対して0.000001質量%~0.002質量%が好ましく、0.00001質量%~0.0002質量%がより好ましい。
本発明のアンブレインの製造方法は、生成されたアンブレインを精製する精製工程をさらに含んでもよい。アンブレインの精製方法としては、反応液中のアンブレインを取り出すことができれば特に制限されず、通常用いられる精製方法から適宜選択してよい。精製方法として具体的には、溶媒抽出、再結晶、蒸留、カラムクロマトグラフィー、HPLC等が挙げられる。
スクアレンを材料とし、変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素をスクアレンに反応させる工程と、テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素を3-デオキシアキレオールAに反応させる工程と、の2工程によりアンブレインを得た。当該2工程の反応スキームを以下に示す。
変異型スクアレンーホペン環化酵素(配列番号2)をコードするポリヌクレオチド(配列番号9)を含む組換えベクターで形質転換した大腸菌BL21(DE3)(Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., (1999) Vol.63, pp.2189-2198)を用意した。この形質転換体を、アンピシリン(50mg/L)含有LB培地(6L)に植菌し、37℃で16時間振とう培養した。培養後、遠心(6,000×g、10分間)によって集菌した。菌体を50mMのTris-HCl緩衝液(pH8.0)で洗浄した後、300mLの緩衝液A[50mMのTris-HCl緩衝液(pH8.0),1v/v%のTritonX-100を含有。]で懸濁し、UP2005 sonicator(Hielscher Ultrasonics, Teltow, Germany)を用いて超音波破砕(4℃、15分間)した。破砕処理後の試料を遠心(12,000×g、15分間)し、遠心後に得られた上清を無細胞抽出液Aとした。
バチルス・メガテリウム由来のテトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素(配列番号16)をコードするポリヌクレオチド(配列番号19)を組み込んだ組換えベクターで形質転換した大腸菌BL21(DE3)(J. Am. Chem. Soc., (2011) Vol.133, pp.17540-17543)を用意した。この形質転換体をLB培地(18L)に植菌し、37℃で3時間振とう培養した。培養後、0.1Mのイソプロピル-β-チオガラクトピラノシド(IPTG)を添加し、15℃で24時間振とうを行い、テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素の発現を誘導した。
テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素を、バチルス・メガテリウム由来の酵素からバチルス・サブチリス由来の酵素に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして前記工程(1)及び(2)を行い、アンブレインの合成を行った。実施例2で使用したテトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素は、配列番号20で示されるポリヌクレオチドでコードされる酵素であり、配列番号17で示されるアミノ酸配列を有する。
本発明によれば、変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素とテトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素とを用いることによって、スクアレンから3-デオキシアキレオールAを経てアンブレインを簡便に製造することができる。
本明細書に記載された全ての文献、特許出願、及び技術規格は、個々の文献、特許出願、及び技術規格が参照により取り込まれることが具体的かつ個々に記された場合と同程度に、本明細書中に参照により取り込まれる。
Claims (6)
- テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素を3-デオキシアキレオールAに反応させて、アンブレインを得ること、を含むアンブレインの製造方法。
- テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素が、バチルス属細菌由来である、請求項1に記載のアンブレインの製造方法。
- テトラプレニル-β-クルクメン環化酵素が、バチルス・メガテリウム、バチルス・サブチリス及びバチルス・リケニフォルミスのいずれか由来である、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のアンブレインの製造方法。
- スクアレンから3-デオキシアキレオールAを生成可能な変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素を、スクアレンに反応させて、3-デオキシアキレオールAを得ること、をさらに含む、請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載のアンブレインの製造方法。
- 変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素が、配列番号1で示されるアミノ酸配列における377位、420位、607位及び612位からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つの部位にアミノ酸置換を有する、請求項4に記載のアンブレインの製造方法。
- 変異型スクアレン-ホペン環化酵素が、配列番号2、配列番号3、配列番号4、配列番号5、配列番号6、配列番号7及び配列番号8のいずれかで示されるアミノ酸配列を有する、請求項4又は請求項5に記載のアンブレインの製造方法。
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