WO2015032905A1 - Procédé permettant d'empêcher une fuite d'un contenant et contenant pourvu d'un dispositif anti-fuite - Google Patents

Procédé permettant d'empêcher une fuite d'un contenant et contenant pourvu d'un dispositif anti-fuite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015032905A1
WO2015032905A1 PCT/EP2014/068958 EP2014068958W WO2015032905A1 WO 2015032905 A1 WO2015032905 A1 WO 2015032905A1 EP 2014068958 W EP2014068958 W EP 2014068958W WO 2015032905 A1 WO2015032905 A1 WO 2015032905A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
container
sensor
gas mixture
opening
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/068958
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Holger König
Ole KÖNIG
Original Assignee
Holger König
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Holger König filed Critical Holger König
Publication of WO2015032905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015032905A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/008—Alarm devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
    • F25B2500/222—Detecting refrigerant leaks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/003—Transport containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/02—Sensors detecting door opening

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a container which may be formed as a portable or stationary container, in particular as a storage container or
  • Transport container can be used.
  • the container may also include any closable space.
  • the container can with a
  • Refrigeration system to be used which serves for cooling of goods that are stored and / or transported in the cooled state.
  • Suitable environmentally friendly refrigerants may be hydrocarbons, in particular propane or propene, and also toxic refrigerants, such as ammonia (NH 3).
  • Propane (C3H8) is an odorless and colorless gas that is flammable at ambient conditions.
  • Propene (C3H6) or propylene is a volatile, sweet-smelling gas at room temperature.
  • Hydrocarbons have high flammability and explosive power. Inhalation leads to narcotic effects and can have consequences such as suffocation, dizziness,
  • Headache, nausea, and / or coordination disorders occur when a person is exposed to a propane or propene-containing environment and the concentration excessively exceeds the MAK value (maximum workplace concentration).
  • the MAK value for propane according to the safety data sheet of Air Liquide is 2000 ppm (ml / m 3 ) or 3600 mg / m 3 .
  • the lower limit for the ignition limit for propane is 1, 7 to 1 .8 vol% or 0,038 kg / m 3 in air, the upper limit is 9,5 vol% or 0,172 kg / m 3 in air.
  • Ignition temperature is at least 470 ° C.
  • the lower value for the ignition limit for propene is 1 to 8 vol% or 0.047 kg / m 3 in air, the upper limit is 1 1 vol% or 0.173 kg / m 3 in air.
  • the ignition temperature is at least 455 ° C.
  • the main hazards of handling hydrocarbon refrigerants are based on their storage in the refrigeration system, the operation of the refrigeration system and the filling of the refrigerant and especially by unwanted and unrecognized leaks during operation or standstill.
  • the enclosed space such as a container accumulate.
  • the combustible refrigerant such as propane or propene, can ignite explosively when an ignition source is in the container or is placed in the container.
  • the following safety aspects should be ensured in accordance with EN 378 for a refrigeration system operated with flammable refrigerant.
  • a detection of the refrigerant for example by a sensor should be carried out in the event of leakage.
  • the refrigerant may be removed from the room or container via ventilation or opening in case of leakage.
  • the refrigeration system or the room or container should be provided with an alarm, which can be done preferably both visually and acoustically.
  • the refrigeration system should be provided with optical signals, for example signaling plates with the inscription "explosive" or a corresponding drawing.
  • the refrigeration system can, depending on the capacity with the appropriate protective equipment such as fire extinguishers, gloves or
  • thermodynamic cycle in which, in the event of leakage in the device, an adsorbent may be contacted with the process fluid and an environmentally hazardous, toxic or flammable substance may be selectively bound by the adsorbent.
  • the process fluid contains hydrocarbons, in particular propane or propene, which react with a selectively acting
  • Adsorbent be separated from the process fluid.
  • adsorbents include, for example, zeolites or zeolitic materials, such as
  • Network connections mesoporous alumino or silicon compounds, in particular silica gels, activated carbon. These adsorbents are used for
  • JP 2000-105034 A it is known to provide a sensor in a storage room, which can detect a flammable refrigerant, which has come through a leak in the storage room.
  • a door to the storage room is forcibly opened or adsorbed or absorbed as described in DE10201171 16863.
  • An inert gas is supplied to the storage room, which can absorb or adsorb the flammable refrigerant.
  • this method requires the presence of a power source and, on the other hand, a continuous flow of inert gas from an inert gas source or from the environment takes place through the door opening.
  • a source of ignition happens to be in the immediate vicinity of the door when it is opened, the high concentration of the flammable refrigerant can cause an explosion.
  • flammable or dangerous gas or gas mixtures can arise, for example, such gases or gas mixtures can be caused by the stored in the container.
  • disinfectants for example methyl bromide (bromomethane) which as a contact and respiratory poison can damage the central nervous system. Methyl bromide continues to significantly increase the greenhouse effect and is also very damaging to the ozone layer.
  • Disinfectants are used to fumigate containers in order to prevent animal pests from entering and / or developing themselves in the transport or storage goods and / or with the transport or stored goods
  • Disinfectant has not reached an inadmissible height.
  • Inert gases or a reduced concentration of oxygen in the container or an increased concentration of CO2 can also be sources of danger. Since these gases are invisible, odorless and tasteless, they remain unnoticed when opening the container, so that an acute health hazard or danger of suffocation threatens.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method for detecting a leak in a container and to protect against explosions or the
  • Another object of the invention is to develop a device for protection against explosions of flammable gases or gas mixtures in containers or to develop protection against the escape of hazardous gases or gas mixtures.
  • a method of preventing the leakage of a hazardous or flammable gas or gas mixture from a container comprises the following steps.
  • the container includes a lockable door, wherein the door can be opened by a single or multi-stage opening mechanism and the
  • Opening mechanism comprises at least a first opening step and a second opening step:
  • the method comprises the following steps:
  • a sensor by the first opening step, activating the sensor for detecting the dangerous or flammable gas or
  • the alarm signal can be processed in an electronic signal processing, but also in addition or alone in an externally perceptible, such as visible or audible signal to be converted.
  • the externally perceptible signal can be processed in an electronic signal processing, but also in addition or alone in an externally perceptible, such as visible or audible signal to be converted.
  • the externally perceptible signal can be processed in an electronic signal processing, but also in addition or alone in an externally perceptible, such as visible or audible signal to be converted.
  • the externally perceptible signal can be processed in an electronic signal processing, but also in addition or alone in an externally perceptible, such as visible or audible signal to be converted.
  • the externally perceptible signal can be processed in an electronic signal processing, but also in addition or alone in an externally perceptible, such as visible or audible signal to be converted.
  • the externally perceptible signal can be processed in an electronic signal processing, but also in addition or alone in an externally perceptible, such as visible or audible signal
  • a container suitable for carrying out the method can be understood as meaning both a mobile container and a stationary container which can be used, in particular, as a storage container or transport container for transport and / or storage purposes.
  • a mobile storage container comprises a storage container which can be transported by means of transport, for example by truck, rail, ship or aircraft.
  • a storage container for storage is a container which is stored stationary between its various locations or even for loading and unloading.
  • the container may be equipped with a refrigeration system, which serves to cool goods that are stored and / or transported in the cooled state.
  • the container may also be empty and the refrigeration system is not in operation, thus also have no power connection.
  • the first opening step may be to actuate a first
  • Opening element and the second opening step comprise actuating a second opening element.
  • the first opening step may be a first
  • the container may in particular be cooled.
  • the container may be connected to a refrigeration system or be part of a refrigeration system.
  • Refrigeration system may be integrated into the container or temporarily connected to the container.
  • the container may be provided with an insulating layer.
  • the flammable or hazardous gas or gas mixture may comprise a refrigerant, which refrigerant may be combustible or toxic, in particular flammable fluorinated refrigerants R1234yf, R32 or
  • Refrigerant mixtures or a hydrocarbon such as propane or propene or ammonia (NH3) or CO2 contains.
  • a suitable sensor placed in a suitable location measures the
  • the senor Concentration of the flammable gas or gas mixture, furthermore, the sensor must provide a comparatively quickly exploitable signal to achieve the shortest possible time to the next opening step. This can be realized either with a sensor with its own basic supply by means of battery to minimize lead time until the measurement signal arrives or by using only the generated power for basic supply and measurement.
  • the sensor may also be part of an already existing safety device, which is activated upon actuation of the opening element and used for the measurement.
  • this sensor can be designed as an explosimeter.
  • a controlled ignition of the air mixture is carried out by the process of catalytic heat treatment, as for example in DE102012 002 456 A1 or EP 0 094 863 A1.
  • the ignition temperature is approx. 500 ° C. If a catalytic reaction occurs, a usable signal is generated in 10-60 seconds via a Wheatstone bridge, depending on the design. A supply of 5 watts, for example, is already sufficient for this
  • the alarm may include an optical and / or acoustic signal.
  • Infrared sensors send a beam through a chamber in which the sensor is located. The beam is reflected on a heated mirror and impinges on the sensor. Hydrocarbons affect the
  • IR sensors In contrast to sensors after catalytic catalytic heat generation, IR sensors require a longer time to readiness for operation, 60 seconds is the minimum running time until the signal is used.
  • the sensor is opened by the first opening step, for example by the
  • Actuating the first opening element is activated, in particular
  • the first opening element is a hand-operated lever, which is set to open the door in motion, for example in a rotary movement or a
  • the first opening element is at a
  • Power generator for example coupled to a generator, which by the
  • Motion generates electricity.
  • a power generator may be formed, for example, as a dynamo or coil.
  • the current generated within the short period of the motion sets the sensor and the signal processing in Betheb and the sensor takes after a certain waiting time to the readiness of the sensor, a measurement of the concentration or
  • composition of the gas currently in the container or
  • the current generated by the movement of the generator must be sufficient for the measurement, the alarm and the lock, or to prevent the further opening of the door.
  • the generated current can also be used to, for example, an existing, before the operation of the
  • Opening element to operate electroless control and to operate an existing or suitable safety chain with integrated sensor can be locked by a bolt that fixes the position of the door leaf and frame when closed.
  • the ignitable gas or gas mixture can automatically or manually by means of a
  • Suction or a conveyor unit such as a fan to be removed from the container.
  • the suction device or conveyor unit is connected to an external power supply, so that the suction device or conveyor unit can start their operation.
  • a reagent can be added, which changes the ignitable gas or gas mixture such that the ignitability is reduced so that ignition can not take place when an ignition source comes into contact with the gas or gas mixture.
  • Concentration of the gas or gas mixture can be reduced to a value which is below 10% below the ignition limit, preferably below 50% of the ignition limit.
  • a container according to the present invention includes a lockable door.
  • the door can be opened by a multi-stage opening mechanism.
  • the multi-stage opening mechanism comprises at least a first opening step and a second opening step.
  • a second opening element includes actuation of a second opening element.
  • the ⁇ Stammssch ritte be particularly divided into one or more levers.
  • a sensor is arranged, wherein a leakage of an ignitable or dangerous gas or gas mixture is detectable by the sensor.
  • the sensor has a power supply element which is connected to a power generator, which can be actuated by the first opening step, so that the sensor on actuation of the opening mechanism on the
  • Energy supply element can be supplied with energy such that detection of the flammable or dangerous gas or gas mixture can take place. If the flammable or dangerous gas or gas mixture is detected in the container, a signal is emitted by the sensor, which can be fed to a control unit. From the control unit, a control signal is emitted, so that the
  • Opening mechanism is locked in the closed position, for example by a closing element is activated, by which an opening of the door is prevented.
  • an alarm signal can be generated by the control unit if the concentration of the ignitable gas or gas mixture has exceeded a predetermined minimum value.
  • This minimum value can be at most 90% of the lower ignition limit, in particular, the minimum value can be at a maximum of 75% of the lower ignition limit.
  • the senor is powered by the generator when the opening mechanism undergoes the first opening step.
  • the sensor and thus the measurement is thus independent of an external one
  • the measurement can thus according to the invention also take place when no additional power supply is present, because the power generator generates the necessary for the operation of the sensor current when opening itself.
  • the power supply element may include a supply line connecting the power generator to the sensor.
  • the power generated by the generator is supplied to the sensor through the supply line.
  • the power generator can be activated when the first opening element is actuated.
  • the generator supplies the sensor, the control unit and possibly the alarm signal generator via the supply line with electricity.
  • the flammable or hazardous gas or gas mixture may contain components which have a higher specific gravity than the air in the container and therefore in
  • a plurality of sensors may be arranged at different heights and / or at different distances from the expected leak.
  • a further or combined sensor may be provided which detects a toxic component of a gas or gas mixture, such as methyl bromide.
  • a toxic component of a gas or gas mixture such as methyl bromide.
  • the method can likewise be used for the prevention of leakage of toxic components of a gas or gas mixture.
  • the senor can measure the concentration of the toxic component in the gas or gas mixture. If the concentration of the toxic component is at or above a permissible limit, an alarm signal is emitted.
  • the toxic or component-containing gas or gas mixture can by means of a
  • Extractor be removed from the container or, for example, the door are opened, taking into account the necessary safety precautions that no longer endanger the person.
  • the toxic component containing gas or gas mixture may be added in the container, a reagent which changes the toxic component in the gas or gas mixture such that the toxic component is converted so that poisoning can no longer occur when a person in contact with the Gas or Gas mixture comes.
  • a neutralization of the gas or gas mixture take place, so that risks to persons and the environment are eliminated.
  • the container may in particular be designed as a cooled container, that is to say contain a refrigeration system or be connected to a refrigeration system.
  • the container may be formed as a mobile container.
  • FIG. 1 shows an arrangement of a container according to a first exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart for the method for securing the leakage of a container.
  • FIG. 3a shows a first variant for an opening mechanism in state A.
  • FIG. 3a shows the variant of the opening mechanism according to FIG. 3a in the state B
  • FIG. 3c shows the variant of the opening mechanism according to FIG. 3a in the state C.
  • FIG. 4a shows a second variant for an opening mechanism in the state A.
  • FIG. 4b shows the variant I of the opening mechanism according to FIG. 4a in the state B
  • FIG. 4c shows the variant of the opening mechanism according to FIG. 4a in the state C.
  • FIG. 5 shows an arrangement of a container according to a second exemplary embodiment
  • the container 1 shown in Fig. 1 may be formed as a portable or stationary container, in particular as a storage container or
  • Transport container can be used.
  • the container may also include any closable space.
  • the container according to FIG. 1 contains a
  • the refrigerant circuit 3 for cooling the interior 2.
  • the refrigerant circuit 3 includes an evaporator 4, a condenser 5, a compressor 6 and a
  • Throttling element 7 The evaporator 4 is arranged in the interior of the container.
  • the evaporator contains a schematically indicated tube coil for a
  • Refrigerant which passes in the evaporator 4 from the liquid to the vapor state.
  • the necessary for this transition heat energy deprives the
  • Evaporator 4 located in the interior 2 of the container 1 gas or
  • the evaporator 4 is provided with structures which serve to increase the heat exchange surface. Such structures are known per se and therefore not shown in detail in the drawing.
  • the evaporated Refrigerant is supplied to a compressor 6 and compressed in gaseous form. In the downstream condenser 5, it is cooled and liquefied as a result of
  • the condenser 5 usually works with ambient air as
  • Coolant but can also be cooled by liquid coolant such as water.
  • the condenser 5 contains schematically illustrated cooling fins to improve the cooling effect by increasing the heat exchange surface.
  • the liquefied refrigerant leaves the condenser 5 and passes through the throttle element 7 back into the interior 2 of the container first The refrigerant is therefore in one
  • refrigerant can reach the interior 2 of the container 1. There it accumulates and can reach a concentration that corresponds to the concentration of an ignitable gas or gas mixture. As long as the container 1 remains in the closed state, there is little risk that the ignitable gas or
  • Gas mixture comes into contact with an ignition source. However, as soon as the doors 17, 18 of the container 1 are opened, the ignitable gas or gas mixture may come into contact with a source of ignition and cause a fire or an explosion. If the gas is classified as dangerous, that is
  • opening the doors 17, 18 checks whether there is a dangerous or ignitable gas or gas mixture in the interior 2 of the container 1. To open the doors 17, 18, an opening mechanism 10 is actuated. Of the
  • Opening mechanism 10 is formed as a multi-stage opening mechanism.
  • the doors 17, 18 are opened only when the multi-stage opening mechanism 10 has passed through at least a first opening step and a second opening step.
  • the first opening step may consist, for example, in the actuation of a lever element.
  • Fig. 3a to 3c the operation of such an opening mechanism is shown by way of example.
  • a sensor 9 is arranged, which determines the concentration of
  • This sensor 9 can in this case only be activated when the first opening step takes place.
  • the sensor 9 can also be operated with a minimum supply and the measurement by the Opening element can be initiated.
  • energy is transmitted via a power supply element 21 to a generator 15 which generates the current to activate the sensor.
  • An ignitable gas or gas mixture emerging from the leak 8 can be detected by the sensor when the sensor is switched on and a corresponding concentration measurement
  • the sensor 9 As soon as the generator 15 provides the required current, the sensor 9 is turned on.
  • the sensor 9 is connected to the generator 15 via the energy supply element 21 in such a way that, when the first opening step is carried out, it is supplied with energy in such a way that detection of the ignitable gas or gas mixture can take place.
  • the sensor generates the measurement signal and supplies the measurement signal to a comparison unit 60 (see FIG. 2), in which a comparison of the measurement signal with the stored limit values takes place.
  • Comparative unit may be part of the control unit 16. If the hazardous or flammable gas or gas mixture is detected in the container, a signal is emitted by the sensor or its comparison unit, which is characteristic of the potential danger situation. This signal can trigger an alarm signal 20, which in particular triggers an optical and / or audible alarm. Furthermore, a signal is transmitted to the opening mechanism, which prevents execution of the second opening step. Of the
  • Opening mechanism is held in the closed position until the potential danger situation is defused.
  • the alarm signal indicates that a ventilation process is to be carried out manually or automatically.
  • a ventilation process for example, a protected by further safety devices, supervised and
  • a conveyor e.g. a fan 30 is put into operation and the shut-off 41 an air supply device opened.
  • the conveying device preferably a fan, conveys the flammable or dangerous gas or gas mixture through the opening 40, it passes fresh air into the interior 2 of the container 1.
  • the units 40, 41, 30 can also be combined in one component.
  • control unit 16 may receive the signal of the sensor for blocking the opening mechanism. Via the control unit 16, a blocking or closing element are controlled so that an opening of the door is not possible, as long as the closing element keeps the door locked.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the process for preventing the leakage of an ignitable or toxic component-containing gas or gas mixture from a container, as exemplified in FIG. 1.
  • 3a to 3c show three possible states of the multi-stage opening mechanism 10, which can assume 3 states in the present embodiment. These states are referred to below by the letters A, B, C.
  • A is the
  • FIG. 3b shows the opening mechanism of Fig. 3a after the first opening step.
  • Fig. 3c shows the opening mechanism of Fig. 3a after the second
  • Opening mechanism such as a second opening lever, are opened priority to ensure the reaction time of sensors.
  • a second opening lever with the task of the second or following
  • Opening step can be used.
  • the first opening step for opening the door is performed in which the opening mechanism is transferred from the state A to the state B.
  • the activation 50 of the sensor 9 for the detection of a dangerous or ignitable gas or gas mixture is carried out by measuring the concentration of the dangerous or ignitable gas or gas mixture.
  • the sensor 9 performs the measurement and transmits the result of the measurement, that is, the output signal to a comparison unit 60.
  • the comparison unit 60 is checked whether the signal corresponds to a concentration of the dangerous or flammable gas or gas mixture, the z. B. in the case of an ignitable mixture is close enough to the ignition point of the gas or gas mixture to a
  • the opening mechanism can be triggered, for example, by a spring element that can be triggered
  • Locking element to be blocked.
  • a locking element may for example be designed as a bolt which blocks the door in the closed position. If the spring element is biased, the lock can be done with low energy consumption, so that the current generated by the generator is sufficient to lock the locking element in the
  • the conveyor unit 30 can be turned on, and the shut-off 41 are opened to allow a supply of fresh air into the interior 2 of the container. As long as the conveyor unit is in operation, the sensor is periodically or continuously a measurement of the
  • the senor is integrated into the system when connected to an external power supply.
  • the opening mechanism is kept in state B and the delivery unit remains
  • the second opening step takes place.
  • the opening mechanism is transferred from state B to state C. It is then checked whether further operation of the delivery unit 30 and a further air supply is required and, if appropriate, the delivery unit 30 is switched off and the shut-off element 41 is closed.
  • the door 17, 18 can now be opened and enter the interior of the container safely.
  • Fig. 3a shows an embodiment of an opening mechanism 10 in a state A.
  • the state A is the state in which the opening mechanism is closed, that is, the interior of the container 1 is closed from the environment.
  • the opening mechanism is formed by a displacement element 1 1, which is held in a first holding device 13 of the door 18 and in a second holding device 14 of the door 17.
  • the sliding element 1 1 is with a Lever element 12 is connected, by means of which the displacement element can be moved in each of the marked by the letters A, B or C positions. In the positions A and B, the doors 17, 18 remain closed, only in the position C, the doors 17, 18 are opened.
  • a power generator 15 is provided, for example, a generator with coil, by means of which by the movement of the displacement element 1 1
  • the current can also be stored, for example, in an electrical device, for example in a battery or a capacitor to allow a longer power supply.
  • the current is supplied via a control unit 16 to the sensor 9 by means of a power supply element 21.
  • the power supply element 21 may include a connection line between the generator 15 and the sensor 9. If the displacement element 1 1 moves from the position A to the position B, which is shown in Fig. 3b, flows through the power supply element 21, a current from the generator 15 in the control unit 16 and the sensor 9.
  • the sensor 9 is by the current put into operation and can make a measurement of the concentration of the gas or gas mixture in the interior 2 of the container 1. In the alternative, the sensor can also be supplied additionally by a battery charged by previous openings. The measurement is shown schematically by the wavy line 19, which is performed in the interior 2.
  • the control unit 16 may include a storage battery, an evaluation unit and the comparison unit 60.
  • the measurement signal of the sensor is compared in the comparison unit 60 with one or more stored limit values, which are characteristic of a dangerous gas or gas mixture. If it is determined during the comparison that the limit value or one of the limit values has been reached or exceeded, the displacement element 11 remains in the position B shown in FIG. 2, it can even be blocked in the position B. Via the control unit 16, an alarm is triggered by the alarm signal generator 20 shown in Fig. 1 is actuated.
  • the container 1 can be connected to a power source and the
  • Feed unit 30 and the air supply device 40 are put into operation.
  • the Sensor 9 can make continuous or periodic measurements by its existing or additional integration into the control of the system.
  • the displacement element 11 can be shifted into position C.
  • An activated alarm signal can be deactivated.
  • Fig. 3c shows the displacement element 1 1 in the position C. The right-hand end of the displacement element 1 1 in the illustration is from the
  • Holding device 13 extended so that the door 17 and the door 18 can be opened.
  • FIGS. 4 a to 4 c show three possible states of a second variant of the invention
  • Embodiment 3 can assume states. These states will be
  • A is the initial state in which the container 1 is closed.
  • B shows the state after performing the first opening step.
  • C shows the state in which the container is opened or can be opened.
  • Fig. 4a is an illustration of a
  • Opening mechanism in the initial state A The door 17, 18 is shown in the left-hand part of Fig. 4a from the outside, the right-hand part shows a section along the cutting plane D-D. 4b shows the opening mechanism of FIG. 4a after the first opening step. Fig. 4c shows the opening mechanism of Fig. 4a after the second opening step.
  • Fig. 4a to 4c represents an opening mechanism which is actuated by a rotational movement.
  • Opening mechanism instead of a sliding element on a rotary member 22.
  • the rotary member 22 is a rod to which a lever member 12 is attached.
  • the lever member 12 is aligned substantially vertically to the center axis of the rod.
  • the rod is held in a first holding device 13 and in a second holding device 14.
  • the holding device 14 is fixed to the door 17 and has a through hole through which the rod extends.
  • the holding device 13 is attached to the door 18. That in the presentation
  • Retaining element has a channel-like opening which is adapted to receive the right-side end of the rod is used.
  • the holding member 13 extends only to the height of the center axis of the right-side end of the rod.
  • the right-hand end of the rod is received in this channel-like opening.
  • the end of the rod has a recess which is directed in the sectional view DD upwards.
  • the right-hand end of the rod is not visible.
  • the left-hand end of the rod is part of the power generator, for example a generator which generates as much power as possible via a transmission gear and can be equipped with means for converting the kinetic energy into electrical energy.
  • Power supply element 21 a control unit 16 and the sensor 9 fed.
  • the sensor 9 is activated and makes a measurement of the gas or gas mixture present in the interior 2 of the container. According to the
  • Interior 2 is initiated, which for example in a measuring principle, which is based on optical effects, can be realized.
  • a measuring principle which is based on optical effects
  • any measuring principle can be used by means of which the concentration of the flammable or dangerous gas or gas mixture can detect with the required accuracy.
  • the signal generated by the sensor is fed into the control unit and compared in a comparison unit with the one or more predetermined limits. If the concentration is in the range of the limit value or above, a signal is transmitted to the alarm signal generator 20 via the control unit 16.
  • the alarm signal generator sends a perceptible signal, so that the person holding the
  • Opening mechanism has been warned that there is a danger.
  • Opening mechanism blocked in the position shown in Fig. 4b.
  • Fig. 4c the end position of the opening mechanism is shown, in which the door can be opened.
  • the lever member 12 is directed upward in the illustration. As a result, the recess of the right-side end of the rod comes to lie down and the right-side end of the rod can on the
  • the opening mechanism can only be moved to its end position when the source of danger has been eliminated.
  • the control unit may send a signal to open the locking element when the sensor provides a measurement that provides a reading below the maximum allowable limit.
  • the lever element can be moved in the direction of its end position, whereby by means of the generator 15, the necessary
  • Energy can be generated to activate the sensor and, if necessary, release the locking element.
  • the container 1 shown in Fig. 5 may be formed as a transportable or stationary container, in particular as a storage container or
  • Transport container can be used.
  • the container may also include any closable space.
  • the container may contain a protective atmosphere or the composition of the gas or gas mixture in the interior 2 may change due to the influence of the goods stored in the container.
  • the gas or gas mixture enriches with hazardous or ignitable components and can reach a concentration corresponding to the concentration of an ignitable gas or gas mixture.
  • the container 1 remains in the closed state, there is little danger that the ignitable gas or gas mixture comes into contact with an ignition source or the dangerous gas or gas mixture enters the environment.
  • the doors 17, 18 of the container 1 are opened, the flammable or dangerous gas or gas mixture may come into contact with an ignition source and cause a fire or an explosion or a danger to the
  • Components is to prevent a person comes into contact with the dangerous gas. Therefore, before opening the doors 17, 18 checks whether there is a dangerous or ignitable gas or gas mixture in the interior 2 of the container 1. To open the doors 17, 18, an opening mechanism 10 is actuated. Of the
  • Opening mechanism 10 is formed as a multi-stage opening mechanism.
  • the doors 17, 18 are opened only when the multi-stage opening mechanism 10 has passed through at least a first opening step and a second opening step.
  • the first opening step may consist, for example, in the actuation of a lever element. Through the first opening step, the
  • Power supply for the sensor 9 is provided by the kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy.
  • a power generator 15 is provided, which provides the current for the sensor and optionally the actuation of a locking element and for triggering a perceptible alarm signal by the alarm signal generator 20.
  • the sensor is supplied with power via a power supply element 21 connected to the power generator 15.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant d'empêcher la fuite d'un gaz ou d'un mélange de gaz dangereux ou inflammable d'un contenant (1), ainsi qu'un contenant pourvu d'un dispositif anti-fuite. Le contenant comporte une porte (17, 18) pouvant être fermée, la porte pouvant être ouverte par un mécanisme d'ouverture (10) à un étage ou à plusieurs étages et le mécanisme d'ouverture (10) comprend au moins une première étape d'ouverture et une deuxième étape d'ouverture. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : la mise en œuvre de la première étape d'ouverture pour ouvrir la porte ; la production d'un courant permettant d'alimenter un capteur (9) par la première étape d'ouverture ; l'activation du capteur (9) permettant la détection du gaz ou du mélange de gaz dangereux ou inflammable par la première étape d'ouverture ; la détection du gaz ou du mélange de gaz inflammable ou dangereux par le capteur, dès qu'il est activé, le blocage de la deuxième étape d'ouverture de sorte que la porte (17, 18) reste fermée et qu'une sortie du gaz ou du mélange de gaz inflammable ou dangereux du contenant (1) est empêchée ; le déclenchement d'un signal d'alarme lorsque le gaz ou le mélange de gaz inflammable ou dangereux est détecté par le capteur (9).
PCT/EP2014/068958 2013-09-05 2014-09-05 Procédé permettant d'empêcher une fuite d'un contenant et contenant pourvu d'un dispositif anti-fuite WO2015032905A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13183261.0 2013-09-05
EP13183261 2013-09-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015032905A1 true WO2015032905A1 (fr) 2015-03-12

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PCT/EP2014/068958 WO2015032905A1 (fr) 2013-09-05 2014-09-05 Procédé permettant d'empêcher une fuite d'un contenant et contenant pourvu d'un dispositif anti-fuite

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WO2017083336A1 (fr) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-18 Carrier Corporation Système de transport réfrigéré à dilution de fluide frigorigène
FR3052238A1 (fr) * 2016-06-02 2017-12-08 Osmose Dispositif de renouvellement d'air dans un refrigerateur
CN108351137A (zh) * 2015-11-09 2018-07-31 开利公司 并联回路联运集装箱
DE102017126957A1 (de) 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Vaillant Gmbh Kältekreis mit Leckagesicherung
DE102017126945A1 (de) 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Vaillant Gmbh Fluidadsorption mit Sicherheitsablass von Arbeitsfluid
DE102017126952A1 (de) 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Vaillant Gmbh Leckageerkennung mittels Adsorber
DE102017126947A1 (de) 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Vaillant Gmbh Fluidadsorption mit Inertgasverdrängung
FR3074267A1 (fr) * 2017-11-28 2019-05-31 Osmose Dispositif de renouvellement d'air dans une enceinte confinee
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DE102018109646A1 (de) 2018-04-23 2019-10-24 Vaillant Gmbh Fluidsorption
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WO2020028321A1 (fr) * 2018-07-30 2020-02-06 Carrier Corporation Système de ventilation doté d'un récipient réfrigéré
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DE102018127198A1 (de) 2018-10-31 2020-04-30 Vaillant Gmbh Formteile für Wärmepumpen
EP3657102A1 (fr) 2018-11-20 2020-05-27 Vaillant GmbH Gestion de liquides de travail
US10670322B2 (en) 2015-11-09 2020-06-02 Carrier Corporation Series loop intermodal container
DE102019121766A1 (de) 2019-02-06 2020-08-06 Vaillant Gmbh Füllstandssensor
EP3693078A1 (fr) 2019-02-06 2020-08-12 Vaillant GmbH Capteur de niveau de remplissage
EP3705823A1 (fr) 2019-03-05 2020-09-09 Vaillant GmbH Intervention de maintenance
DE102019001634A1 (de) * 2019-03-08 2020-09-10 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmepumpe
DE102019001532A1 (de) * 2019-03-07 2020-09-10 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmepumpengehäuse
EP3712531A1 (fr) 2019-03-22 2020-09-23 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de rinçage de sécurité pour une pompe à chaleur
EP3748257A1 (fr) 2019-06-03 2020-12-09 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif pour la performance sûre d'un procédé circulaire thermodynamique à rotation à gauche au moyen d'un fluide de travail inflammable avec adsorption de fluide
EP3770520A1 (fr) 2019-07-25 2021-01-27 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de protection contre l'incendie
EP3792572A1 (fr) 2019-09-12 2021-03-17 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de rinçage de sécurité pour une pompe à chaleur
WO2021055221A1 (fr) * 2019-09-18 2021-03-25 Carrier Corporation Détecteur de gaz chauffé pour une unité de réfrigération de transport
EP3940314A1 (fr) 2020-07-16 2022-01-19 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de rinçage de sécurité pour une pompe à chaleur
EP3951282A1 (fr) 2020-08-05 2022-02-09 Vaillant GmbH Traitement actif de l'air d'évacuation d'une pompe à chaleur
EP3811770A4 (fr) * 2018-07-20 2022-04-06 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Système de stockage
EP4008979A1 (fr) 2020-12-02 2022-06-08 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif pour effectuer en toute sécurité un cycle thermodynamique du sens anti-horaire
US11441820B2 (en) 2018-09-06 2022-09-13 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant leak detection system
EP4086540A1 (fr) 2021-05-06 2022-11-09 Vaillant GmbH Régénération des adsorbants à appauvrissement en cov
DE102021213213A1 (de) 2021-11-24 2023-05-25 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Wärmepumpenmodul mit Explosionsschutzvorrichtung
EP3394528B1 (fr) * 2015-12-22 2023-08-09 Carrier Corporation Système de sécurité pour récipient comportant un système frigorifique et procédé pour assurer la sécurité
EP4336120A1 (fr) 2022-09-09 2024-03-13 Vaillant GmbH Enceinte étanche de pompe à chaleur
DE102022123440A1 (de) 2022-09-14 2024-03-14 Vaillant Gmbh Serviceanschluss für ein Wärmepumpengehäuse
DE102022124104A1 (de) 2022-09-20 2024-03-21 Vaillant Gmbh Adsorberentladung durch Verdrängungsdesorption
DE102022124089A1 (de) 2022-09-20 2024-03-21 Vaillant Gmbh Adsorberentladung
DE102022124090A1 (de) 2022-09-20 2024-03-21 Vaillant Gmbh Thermische Adsorberentladung
DE102022124106A1 (de) 2022-09-20 2024-03-21 Vaillant Gmbh Adsorbatverdünnung
DE102022124103A1 (de) 2022-09-20 2024-03-21 Vaillant Gmbh Adsorberentladung in Unterdruckkammer

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CN108351137A (zh) * 2015-11-09 2018-07-31 开利公司 并联回路联运集装箱
CN108351144A (zh) * 2015-11-09 2018-07-31 开利公司 具有制冷剂稀释的冷藏运输系统
US20180327179A1 (en) * 2015-11-09 2018-11-15 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated Transport System with Refrigerant Dilution
CN108351137B (zh) * 2015-11-09 2021-12-03 开利公司 并联回路联运集装箱
WO2017083336A1 (fr) * 2015-11-09 2017-05-18 Carrier Corporation Système de transport réfrigéré à dilution de fluide frigorigène
US11761703B2 (en) 2015-11-09 2023-09-19 Carrier Corporation Parallel loop intermodal container
EP3394528B1 (fr) * 2015-12-22 2023-08-09 Carrier Corporation Système de sécurité pour récipient comportant un système frigorifique et procédé pour assurer la sécurité
FR3052238A1 (fr) * 2016-06-02 2017-12-08 Osmose Dispositif de renouvellement d'air dans un refrigerateur
DE102017126945A1 (de) 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Vaillant Gmbh Fluidadsorption mit Sicherheitsablass von Arbeitsfluid
DE102017126947A1 (de) 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Vaillant Gmbh Fluidadsorption mit Inertgasverdrängung
DE102017126952A1 (de) 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Vaillant Gmbh Leckageerkennung mittels Adsorber
DE102017126957A1 (de) 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Vaillant Gmbh Kältekreis mit Leckagesicherung
FR3074267A1 (fr) * 2017-11-28 2019-05-31 Osmose Dispositif de renouvellement d'air dans une enceinte confinee
WO2019106242A1 (fr) 2017-11-28 2019-06-06 Osmose Dispositif de renouvellement d' air dans une enceinte confinée
DE102017128702A1 (de) 2017-12-04 2019-06-06 Vaillant Gmbh Sicherheitsbehälter für Arbeitsfluid
DE102018106755A1 (de) 2018-03-22 2019-09-26 Vaillant Gmbh Leckagedichtes Gehäuse für einen Kreisprozess
DE102018109646A1 (de) 2018-04-23 2019-10-24 Vaillant Gmbh Fluidsorption
EP3578895A2 (fr) 2018-06-05 2019-12-11 Vaillant GmbH Machine de rinçage de sécurité pour un boîtier de circuit de froid
EP3578895A3 (fr) * 2018-06-05 2020-02-26 Vaillant GmbH Machine de rinçage de sécurité pour un boîtier de circuit de froid
DE102018113332A1 (de) 2018-06-05 2019-12-05 Vaillant Gmbh Sicherheitsspülvorrichtung für ein Kältekreisgehäuse
EP3811770A4 (fr) * 2018-07-20 2022-04-06 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Système de stockage
WO2020028321A1 (fr) * 2018-07-30 2020-02-06 Carrier Corporation Système de ventilation doté d'un récipient réfrigéré
US11441820B2 (en) 2018-09-06 2022-09-13 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant leak detection system
EP3657104A1 (fr) 2018-10-31 2020-05-27 Vaillant GmbH Pièces moulées pour pompes à chaleur
EP3647685A1 (fr) 2018-10-31 2020-05-06 Vaillant GmbH Segmentation de la circulation de fluide
EP3647684A1 (fr) 2018-10-31 2020-05-06 Vaillant GmbH Zone de sécurité du condenseur
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DE102018127205A1 (de) 2018-10-31 2020-04-30 Vaillant Gmbh Sicherheitszone im Kondensator
EP3657102A1 (fr) 2018-11-20 2020-05-27 Vaillant GmbH Gestion de liquides de travail
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EP3712531A1 (fr) 2019-03-22 2020-09-23 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de rinçage de sécurité pour une pompe à chaleur
EP3748257A1 (fr) 2019-06-03 2020-12-09 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif pour la performance sûre d'un procédé circulaire thermodynamique à rotation à gauche au moyen d'un fluide de travail inflammable avec adsorption de fluide
EP3770520A1 (fr) 2019-07-25 2021-01-27 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de protection contre l'incendie
EP3792572A1 (fr) 2019-09-12 2021-03-17 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de rinçage de sécurité pour une pompe à chaleur
US20220297510A1 (en) * 2019-09-18 2022-09-22 Carrier Corporation Heated gas detector
US11827080B2 (en) 2019-09-18 2023-11-28 Carrier Corporation Heated gas detector
WO2021055221A1 (fr) * 2019-09-18 2021-03-25 Carrier Corporation Détecteur de gaz chauffé pour une unité de réfrigération de transport
DE102020118778A1 (de) 2020-07-16 2022-01-20 Vaillant Gmbh Sicherheitsspülvorrichtung für eine Wärmepumpe
EP3940314A1 (fr) 2020-07-16 2022-01-19 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de rinçage de sécurité pour une pompe à chaleur
DE102020120615A1 (de) 2020-08-05 2022-02-10 Vaillant Gmbh Aktive Abluftbehandlung für eine Wärmepumpe
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DE102021213213A1 (de) 2021-11-24 2023-05-25 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Wärmepumpenmodul mit Explosionsschutzvorrichtung
EP4336120A1 (fr) 2022-09-09 2024-03-13 Vaillant GmbH Enceinte étanche de pompe à chaleur
DE102022122979A1 (de) 2022-09-09 2024-03-14 Vaillant Gmbh Dichtes Wärmepumpengehäuse
DE102022123440A1 (de) 2022-09-14 2024-03-14 Vaillant Gmbh Serviceanschluss für ein Wärmepumpengehäuse
EP4339529A1 (fr) 2022-09-14 2024-03-20 Vaillant GmbH Port de service pour un boîtier de pompe à chaleur
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