EP3705823A1 - Intervention de maintenance - Google Patents

Intervention de maintenance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3705823A1
EP3705823A1 EP20160552.4A EP20160552A EP3705823A1 EP 3705823 A1 EP3705823 A1 EP 3705823A1 EP 20160552 A EP20160552 A EP 20160552A EP 3705823 A1 EP3705823 A1 EP 3705823A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
service
cartridge
housing
opening
neck
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20160552.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3705823B1 (fr
Inventor
Tobias Lingk
Christof Krampe-Zadler
Hans-Josef Spahn
Thomas-Friedrich Szuder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
Original Assignee
Vaillant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant GmbH filed Critical Vaillant GmbH
Priority to PL20160552T priority Critical patent/PL3705823T3/pl
Publication of EP3705823A1 publication Critical patent/EP3705823A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3705823B1 publication Critical patent/EP3705823B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/008—Alarm devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/12—Preventing or detecting fluid leakage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/005—Service stations therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/02—Sensors detecting door opening

Definitions

  • the invention relates to irregular states in refrigeration circuits in which a working fluid acting as a refrigerant is conducted in a thermodynamic cycle, such as the Rankine cycle, for example.
  • thermodynamic cycle such as the Rankine cycle
  • These are mainly heat pumps, air conditioning systems and cooling devices, as are common in residential buildings.
  • Residential buildings are understood to mean private houses, apartment complexes, hospitals, hotel facilities, restaurants and combined residential and commercial buildings in which people live and work permanently, in contrast to mobile devices such as car air conditioning systems or transport boxes, or industrial systems or medical devices. What these cycle processes have in common is that they generate useful heat or useful cooling using energy and form heat displacement systems.
  • thermodynamic cycle processes used have been known for a long time, as have the safety problems that can arise when using suitable working fluids. Apart from water, the most popular working fluids of the time are flammable and poisonous. In the past century, they led to the development of safety refrigerants, which consisted of fluorinated hydrocarbons. It turned out, however, that these safety refrigerants damage the ozone layer, lead to global warming, and that their safety-related harmlessness led to constructive inattention. Up to 70% of the turnover was accounted for by the need to refill leaky systems and their leakage losses, which was accepted as long as this was perceived as economically justifiable in individual cases and promoted the need for replacement.
  • the problems that arise in the safety design of such systems are in the WO 2015/032905 A1 clearly described.
  • the lower ignition limit of propane as a working fluid is around 1.7 percent by volume in air, which corresponds to 38 g / m 3 in air. If the refrigeration process is carried out in a surrounding, hermetically sealed, but otherwise air-filled space with the working fluid propane, the problem of recognizing a critical, explosive situation arises after a fault in which the working fluid escapes into this hermetically sealed space.
  • Electrical sensors for detecting critical concentrations are difficult to design with explosion protection, which is why the propane detection by the sensors themselves increases the risk of explosion considerably, with the exception of infrared sensors.
  • Propane is also poisonous; inhalation above a concentration of approx. 2 g / m 3 results in narcotic effects, headaches and nausea. This affects people who are supposed to solve a recognized problem on site before there is a risk of explosion.
  • Propane is also heavier than air, so in still air it sinks to the floor and collects there. So if some of the propane collects in a low-flow zone of the closed space in which the disturbed unit is located, the local explosion limits can be reached much faster than the quotient of the total volume of the space to the amount of propane that has escaped would suggest.
  • the WO 2015/032905 A1 seeks to solve this problem by integrating a generator for electrical current into the opening or locking of this room and, when activated, in a first step generates and provides the electrical energy with which the sensor is activated, and in the event of an alarm the The lock then does not release, but causes ventilation of the locked room, and only allows unlocking and opening in a second step.
  • the DE 10 2011 116 863 A1 describes a method for securing a device for a thermodynamic cycle which is operated with a process fluid that contains or consists of at least one environmentally hazardous, toxic and / or inflammable substance.
  • a process fluid that contains or consists of at least one environmentally hazardous, toxic and / or inflammable substance.
  • an adsorbent is brought into contact with the process fluid, in particular ammonia, propane or propene, and the substance is selectively bound by the adsorbent.
  • the adsorbent is regenerated after use.
  • Zeolite also in combination with imidazole or phosphates, and also CuBTC are proposed as adsorbents; the adsorbent can be in the form of a bed, a molded body, a paint, a spray film or a coating.
  • the support structure of the molded body can consist of a microstructure, lamellar structure, tube bundle, tube register and sheet metal and must be mechanically stable and greatly increase the surface area.
  • the potentially contaminated air is usually circulated continuously, but it can also be initiated by a sensor that switches on the ventilation when a threshold value is reached or when an accident is detected.
  • the adsorption can be carried out inside or outside a closed space.
  • the DE 195 25 064 C1 describes a refrigeration machine with a gas-tight housing which accommodates all refrigerant-carrying components of the machine, a space connecting the interior of the gas-tight housing with an outlet is provided, and the space is filled with a refrigerant sorbing agent.
  • the amount of sorbent material is dimensioned in such a way that the entire amount of any refrigerant that may escape can be absorbed and kept away from the environment.
  • the space filled with the sorbent material is open to the surroundings. With refrigerants that are heavier than air, the room is open at the bottom, with those that are lighter, it is open at the top, so that a conveying fan is not required.
  • the sorbent is introduced into the housing and completely encloses the refrigeration machine or the refrigerant-carrying devices. On its way to the outside, baffles are provided which prevent short-circuit currents and force escaping gas through the sorbent.
  • baffles are provided which prevent short-circuit currents and force escaping gas through the sorbent.
  • a double-walled embodiment in which the sorbent is arranged in the double jacket is also possible.
  • a measuring device for refrigerant can be provided at the exit of the space filled with the sorbent substance to the environment.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device that enables service intervention if a leak has occurred and there is possibly still inflammable working fluid inside the housing.
  • Fig. 1 shows the refrigeration circuit 1 of a heat pump with a compressor 2, a condenser 3, a pressure reducer 4 and an evaporator 5 in a closed housing 6.
  • the housing has a heat source connection 7, a heat source flow 8, a heat sink flow 9 and a heat sink connection 10.
  • the refrigeration circuit 1 is operated in this example with the flammable working fluid propane, which is also known under the designation R290.
  • the propane can be conducted together with the exhaust air 18 through the duct 11 open to the environment and through the activated carbon layer 12, where it is separated out, while inert air components can escape into the environment.
  • the housing 6 has a service opening 14 which has a service connection 15 for a service cartridge 13.
  • the service opening 14 is secured with an unlocking bolt 16 and sealed with a seal 17. This prevents the service opening 14 from being opened in the event of a leak while an ignitable mixture is inside the housing.
  • Fig. 2 shows a service module before it is used.
  • the service module is formed from the service cartridge 13, which has a connecting line 24 with a valve and a cartridge neck 19 with an external thread 25, the service connection 15, which has an internal thread 26, a closure cap 21, a sealing membrane 23, a cartridge neck sealing surface 27 , which also covers the first thread turns of the internal thread 26, a sealing seal 20 which protects the internal thread 26 and can be easily pierced, and a mandrel 22 which is attached to the sealing membrane 23.
  • an inert gas under pressure for example nitrogen.
  • the amount of inert gas stored in the service cartridge 13 corresponds to at least the volume of the housing 6 in the relaxed state.
  • Fig. 3 shows the service module at the beginning of its use.
  • the seal seal is broken with the cartridge neck 19 of the service cartridge 13 and the external thread 25 of the cartridge neck 19 is screwed into the internal thread 26 of the service connection 15.
  • the sealing surface 27 has the effect that the intermeshing threads are gas-tight.
  • the mandrel 22 pierces the closure of the connecting line 24, which means that the inert gas of the service cartridge 13 can flow out. However, it cannot yet flow into the housing 6.
  • Prop. 4 shows the service module during its use. After the service cartridge 13 is turned further, the sealing membrane 23 is pierced and the inert gas can flow into the housing through the connecting line 24. In doing so, it displaces the possibly ignitable mixture of air and working fluid through the activated carbon layer 12. Such a process takes about ten seconds.
  • Fig. 5 shows the service module towards the end of its use.
  • the unlocking bolt is pushed out of its locking position and the service opening 14 can now be opened.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
EP20160552.4A 2019-03-05 2020-03-03 Dispositif pour une intervention de service en toute sécurité pour un boîtier et procédé d'ouverture du boîtier. Active EP3705823B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL20160552T PL3705823T3 (pl) 2019-03-05 2020-03-03 Urządzenie do bezpiecznej interwencji serwisowej w obudowie i sposób otwierania obudowy

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019105522.9A DE102019105522A1 (de) 2019-03-05 2019-03-05 Serviceeingriff

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3705823A1 true EP3705823A1 (fr) 2020-09-09
EP3705823B1 EP3705823B1 (fr) 2022-02-16

Family

ID=69770409

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20160552.4A Active EP3705823B1 (fr) 2019-03-05 2020-03-03 Dispositif pour une intervention de service en toute sécurité pour un boîtier et procédé d'ouverture du boîtier.

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3705823B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102019105522A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK3705823T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2909205T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3705823T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4382824A1 (fr) 2022-12-09 2024-06-12 Vaillant GmbH Adsorbeur avec éléments de guidage

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022123440A1 (de) * 2022-09-14 2024-03-14 Vaillant Gmbh Serviceanschluss für ein Wärmepumpengehäuse

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19525064C1 (de) 1995-07-10 1996-08-01 Joachim Dr Ing Paul Kältemaschine
JP2001174109A (ja) * 1999-12-15 2001-06-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷媒回収装置および冷媒回収方法および冷凍サイクルの洗浄方法および冷凍サイクルの交換方法および冷凍サイクル装置
DE102011116863A1 (de) 2011-10-25 2013-04-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Sicherung einer Vorrichtung für einen thermodynamischen Kreisprozess und abgesicherte Vorrichtung für einen thermodynamischen Kreisprozess
WO2015032905A1 (fr) 2013-09-05 2015-03-12 Holger König Procédé permettant d'empêcher une fuite d'un contenant et contenant pourvu d'un dispositif anti-fuite
EP2918987A1 (fr) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-16 ERRECOM S.r.l. Appareil permettant d'injecter un fluide dans un système de réfrigération ou de conditionnement d'air sous pression
DE102014112545A1 (de) * 2014-09-01 2016-03-03 Denso Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Kältemittelkreis-Kompaktaggregat für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29510024U1 (de) * 1995-06-21 1995-11-09 Ilka Mafa Kältetechnik GmbH, 06184 Döllnitz Sicherheitseinrichtung für Maschinenräume mit Ammoniak-Kälteaggregaten

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19525064C1 (de) 1995-07-10 1996-08-01 Joachim Dr Ing Paul Kältemaschine
JP2001174109A (ja) * 1999-12-15 2001-06-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷媒回収装置および冷媒回収方法および冷凍サイクルの洗浄方法および冷凍サイクルの交換方法および冷凍サイクル装置
DE102011116863A1 (de) 2011-10-25 2013-04-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Sicherung einer Vorrichtung für einen thermodynamischen Kreisprozess und abgesicherte Vorrichtung für einen thermodynamischen Kreisprozess
WO2015032905A1 (fr) 2013-09-05 2015-03-12 Holger König Procédé permettant d'empêcher une fuite d'un contenant et contenant pourvu d'un dispositif anti-fuite
EP2918987A1 (fr) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-16 ERRECOM S.r.l. Appareil permettant d'injecter un fluide dans un système de réfrigération ou de conditionnement d'air sous pression
DE102014112545A1 (de) * 2014-09-01 2016-03-03 Denso Automotive Deutschland Gmbh Kältemittelkreis-Kompaktaggregat für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4382824A1 (fr) 2022-12-09 2024-06-12 Vaillant GmbH Adsorbeur avec éléments de guidage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2909205T3 (es) 2022-05-05
PL3705823T3 (pl) 2022-04-19
DE102019105522A1 (de) 2020-09-10
EP3705823B1 (fr) 2022-02-16
DK3705823T3 (da) 2022-03-21

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