EP3705823A1 - Service intervention - Google Patents
Service intervention Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3705823A1 EP3705823A1 EP20160552.4A EP20160552A EP3705823A1 EP 3705823 A1 EP3705823 A1 EP 3705823A1 EP 20160552 A EP20160552 A EP 20160552A EP 3705823 A1 EP3705823 A1 EP 3705823A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- service
- cartridge
- housing
- opening
- neck
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001295925 Gegenes Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028813 Nausea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003533 narcotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008693 nausea Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25D29/008—Alarm devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/12—Preventing or detecting fluid leakage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
- F25B2345/005—Service stations therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
- F25D2700/02—Sensors detecting door opening
Definitions
- the invention relates to irregular states in refrigeration circuits in which a working fluid acting as a refrigerant is conducted in a thermodynamic cycle, such as the Rankine cycle, for example.
- thermodynamic cycle such as the Rankine cycle
- These are mainly heat pumps, air conditioning systems and cooling devices, as are common in residential buildings.
- Residential buildings are understood to mean private houses, apartment complexes, hospitals, hotel facilities, restaurants and combined residential and commercial buildings in which people live and work permanently, in contrast to mobile devices such as car air conditioning systems or transport boxes, or industrial systems or medical devices. What these cycle processes have in common is that they generate useful heat or useful cooling using energy and form heat displacement systems.
- thermodynamic cycle processes used have been known for a long time, as have the safety problems that can arise when using suitable working fluids. Apart from water, the most popular working fluids of the time are flammable and poisonous. In the past century, they led to the development of safety refrigerants, which consisted of fluorinated hydrocarbons. It turned out, however, that these safety refrigerants damage the ozone layer, lead to global warming, and that their safety-related harmlessness led to constructive inattention. Up to 70% of the turnover was accounted for by the need to refill leaky systems and their leakage losses, which was accepted as long as this was perceived as economically justifiable in individual cases and promoted the need for replacement.
- the problems that arise in the safety design of such systems are in the WO 2015/032905 A1 clearly described.
- the lower ignition limit of propane as a working fluid is around 1.7 percent by volume in air, which corresponds to 38 g / m 3 in air. If the refrigeration process is carried out in a surrounding, hermetically sealed, but otherwise air-filled space with the working fluid propane, the problem of recognizing a critical, explosive situation arises after a fault in which the working fluid escapes into this hermetically sealed space.
- Electrical sensors for detecting critical concentrations are difficult to design with explosion protection, which is why the propane detection by the sensors themselves increases the risk of explosion considerably, with the exception of infrared sensors.
- Propane is also poisonous; inhalation above a concentration of approx. 2 g / m 3 results in narcotic effects, headaches and nausea. This affects people who are supposed to solve a recognized problem on site before there is a risk of explosion.
- Propane is also heavier than air, so in still air it sinks to the floor and collects there. So if some of the propane collects in a low-flow zone of the closed space in which the disturbed unit is located, the local explosion limits can be reached much faster than the quotient of the total volume of the space to the amount of propane that has escaped would suggest.
- the WO 2015/032905 A1 seeks to solve this problem by integrating a generator for electrical current into the opening or locking of this room and, when activated, in a first step generates and provides the electrical energy with which the sensor is activated, and in the event of an alarm the The lock then does not release, but causes ventilation of the locked room, and only allows unlocking and opening in a second step.
- the DE 10 2011 116 863 A1 describes a method for securing a device for a thermodynamic cycle which is operated with a process fluid that contains or consists of at least one environmentally hazardous, toxic and / or inflammable substance.
- a process fluid that contains or consists of at least one environmentally hazardous, toxic and / or inflammable substance.
- an adsorbent is brought into contact with the process fluid, in particular ammonia, propane or propene, and the substance is selectively bound by the adsorbent.
- the adsorbent is regenerated after use.
- Zeolite also in combination with imidazole or phosphates, and also CuBTC are proposed as adsorbents; the adsorbent can be in the form of a bed, a molded body, a paint, a spray film or a coating.
- the support structure of the molded body can consist of a microstructure, lamellar structure, tube bundle, tube register and sheet metal and must be mechanically stable and greatly increase the surface area.
- the potentially contaminated air is usually circulated continuously, but it can also be initiated by a sensor that switches on the ventilation when a threshold value is reached or when an accident is detected.
- the adsorption can be carried out inside or outside a closed space.
- the DE 195 25 064 C1 describes a refrigeration machine with a gas-tight housing which accommodates all refrigerant-carrying components of the machine, a space connecting the interior of the gas-tight housing with an outlet is provided, and the space is filled with a refrigerant sorbing agent.
- the amount of sorbent material is dimensioned in such a way that the entire amount of any refrigerant that may escape can be absorbed and kept away from the environment.
- the space filled with the sorbent material is open to the surroundings. With refrigerants that are heavier than air, the room is open at the bottom, with those that are lighter, it is open at the top, so that a conveying fan is not required.
- the sorbent is introduced into the housing and completely encloses the refrigeration machine or the refrigerant-carrying devices. On its way to the outside, baffles are provided which prevent short-circuit currents and force escaping gas through the sorbent.
- baffles are provided which prevent short-circuit currents and force escaping gas through the sorbent.
- a double-walled embodiment in which the sorbent is arranged in the double jacket is also possible.
- a measuring device for refrigerant can be provided at the exit of the space filled with the sorbent substance to the environment.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device that enables service intervention if a leak has occurred and there is possibly still inflammable working fluid inside the housing.
- Fig. 1 shows the refrigeration circuit 1 of a heat pump with a compressor 2, a condenser 3, a pressure reducer 4 and an evaporator 5 in a closed housing 6.
- the housing has a heat source connection 7, a heat source flow 8, a heat sink flow 9 and a heat sink connection 10.
- the refrigeration circuit 1 is operated in this example with the flammable working fluid propane, which is also known under the designation R290.
- the propane can be conducted together with the exhaust air 18 through the duct 11 open to the environment and through the activated carbon layer 12, where it is separated out, while inert air components can escape into the environment.
- the housing 6 has a service opening 14 which has a service connection 15 for a service cartridge 13.
- the service opening 14 is secured with an unlocking bolt 16 and sealed with a seal 17. This prevents the service opening 14 from being opened in the event of a leak while an ignitable mixture is inside the housing.
- Fig. 2 shows a service module before it is used.
- the service module is formed from the service cartridge 13, which has a connecting line 24 with a valve and a cartridge neck 19 with an external thread 25, the service connection 15, which has an internal thread 26, a closure cap 21, a sealing membrane 23, a cartridge neck sealing surface 27 , which also covers the first thread turns of the internal thread 26, a sealing seal 20 which protects the internal thread 26 and can be easily pierced, and a mandrel 22 which is attached to the sealing membrane 23.
- an inert gas under pressure for example nitrogen.
- the amount of inert gas stored in the service cartridge 13 corresponds to at least the volume of the housing 6 in the relaxed state.
- Fig. 3 shows the service module at the beginning of its use.
- the seal seal is broken with the cartridge neck 19 of the service cartridge 13 and the external thread 25 of the cartridge neck 19 is screwed into the internal thread 26 of the service connection 15.
- the sealing surface 27 has the effect that the intermeshing threads are gas-tight.
- the mandrel 22 pierces the closure of the connecting line 24, which means that the inert gas of the service cartridge 13 can flow out. However, it cannot yet flow into the housing 6.
- Prop. 4 shows the service module during its use. After the service cartridge 13 is turned further, the sealing membrane 23 is pierced and the inert gas can flow into the housing through the connecting line 24. In doing so, it displaces the possibly ignitable mixture of air and working fluid through the activated carbon layer 12. Such a process takes about ten seconds.
- Fig. 5 shows the service module towards the end of its use.
- the unlocking bolt is pushed out of its locking position and the service opening 14 can now be opened.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zur Öffnung eines Gehäuses, in dem sich ein entzündliches Arbeitsfluid eines linksdrehenden Kreisprozesses befindet, wobei das Gehäuse (6) einen, durch ein Adsorbens (12) für Arbeitsfluid geschützten, offenen Gasweg zur Umgebung aufweist, das Gehäuse (6) eine Serviceöffnung (14) besitzt, die durch eine Entriegelungsvorrichtung (16) gegen Öffnen geschützt ist, die Serviceöffnung (14) einen Serviceanschluss (15) für eine Servicepatrone (13) aufweist, die Servicepatrone (13) ein unter Druck stehendes Inertgas in einer Menge enthält, welches im entspannten Zustand mindestens dem Volumen des Behälters (6) entspricht, die Servicepatrone (13) einen Patronenhals (19) mit einer Verbindungsleitung im Patronenhals (19) und einem Außengewinde (25) auf dem Patronenhals (19) aufweist, der Serviceanschluss (15) ein Innengewinde (26) besitzt, welches zu dem Außengewinde (25) des Patronenhalses(19) passt, der Serviceanschluss (15) eine Verschlusskappe (21) aufweist, wobei die Verschlusskappe (21) ein zur Außenseite des Gehäuses (6) gerichtetes Dichtsiegel (20) umfasst, ferner eine zur Innenseite des Gehäuses (6) gerichtete Dichtmembran (23), auf der ein Dorn (22) in Richtung zur Außenseite des Gehäuses (6) angeordnet ist, ferner eine Dichtfläche (27) auf dem Innengewinde (26), gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Arbeitsschritte: Eindrehen des Patronenhalses(19) in den Serviceanschluss (15), Weiterdrehen, bis der Dorn (22) der Dichtmembran (23) die Verbindungsleitung (24) der Servicepatrone (13) aufstößt, Weiterdrehen, bis der Patronenhals (19) die Dichtmembran (23) aufstößt, Entleeren der Servicepatrone (13) in das Gehäuse, Weiterdrehen, bis der Patronenhals (19) die Entriegelungsvorrichtung (16) betätigt, Öffnen der Serviceöffnung (14).Method for opening a housing in which there is a flammable working fluid of a left-rotating cycle, the housing (6) having an open gas path to the environment protected by an adsorbent (12) for working fluid, the housing (6) having a service opening (14 ) has, which is protected against opening by an unlocking device (16), the service opening (14) has a service connection (15) for a service cartridge (13), the service cartridge (13) contains a pressurized inert gas in an amount which is in relaxed state corresponds at least to the volume of the container (6), the service cartridge (13) has a cartridge neck (19) with a connecting line in the cartridge neck (19) and an external thread (25) on the cartridge neck (19), the service connection (15) Has an internal thread (26) which matches the external thread (25) of the cartridge neck (19), the service connection (15) has a closure cap (21), the closure cap (21) comprises a sealing seal (20) directed towards the outside of the housing (6), furthermore a sealing membrane (23) directed towards the inside of the housing (6), on which a mandrel (22) is arranged towards the outside of the housing (6) is, furthermore a sealing surface (27) on the internal thread (26), characterized by the following work steps: screwing the cartridge neck (19) into the service connection (15), turning further until the mandrel (22) of the sealing membrane (23) the connecting line ( 24) of the service cartridge (13), continue turning until the cartridge neck (19) pushes the sealing membrane (23), emptying the service cartridge (13) into the housing, continuing to turn until the cartridge neck (19) actuates the unlocking device (16), opening the service opening (14).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft irreguläre Zustände in Kältekreisen, in denen ein als Kältemittel wirkendes Arbeitsfluid in einem thermodynamischen Kreisprozess, wie zum Beispiel dem Clausius-Rankine-Kreisprozess, geführt wird. Vorwiegend sind dies Wärmepumpen, Klimaanlagen und Kühlgeräte, wie sie in Wohngebäuden gebräuchlich sind. Unter Wohngebäuden werden dabei Privathäuser, Miethauskomplexe, Krankenhäuser, Hotelanlagen, Gastronomie und kombinierte Wohn- und Geschäftshäuser verstanden, in denen Menschen dauerhaft leben und arbeiten, im Unterschied zu mobilen Vorrichtungen wie KFZ-Klimaanlagen oder Transportboxen, oder auch Industrieanlagen oder medizintechnischen Geräten. Gemeinsam ist diesen Kreisprozessen, dass sie unter Einsatz von Energie Nutzwärme oder Nutzkälte erzeugen und Wärmeverschiebungssysteme bilden.The invention relates to irregular states in refrigeration circuits in which a working fluid acting as a refrigerant is conducted in a thermodynamic cycle, such as the Rankine cycle, for example. These are mainly heat pumps, air conditioning systems and cooling devices, as are common in residential buildings. Residential buildings are understood to mean private houses, apartment complexes, hospitals, hotel facilities, restaurants and combined residential and commercial buildings in which people live and work permanently, in contrast to mobile devices such as car air conditioning systems or transport boxes, or industrial systems or medical devices. What these cycle processes have in common is that they generate useful heat or useful cooling using energy and form heat displacement systems.
Die zum Einsatz kommenden thermodynamischen Kreisprozesse sind seit langem bekannt, ebenso die Sicherheitsprobleme, die bei der Verwendung geeigneter Arbeitsfluide entstehen können. Abgesehen von Wasser sind die bekanntesten damaligen Arbeitsfluide brennbar und giftig. Sie führten im vergangenen Jahrhundert zur Entwicklung der Sicherheitskältemittel, die aus fluorierten Kohlenwasserstoffen bestanden. Es zeigte sich jedoch, dass diese Sicherheitskältemittel die Ozonschicht schädigen, zur Klimaerwärmung führen, und dass ihre sicherheitstechnische Unbedenklichkeit zu konstruktiven Unachtsamkeiten führte. Bis zu 70 % des Umsatzes entfiel auf den Nachfüllbedarf undichter Anlagen und deren Leckageverluste, der hingenommen wurde, solange dies im Einzelfall als wirtschaftlich vertretbar empfunden wurde und Bedarf an Ersatzbeschaffung förderte.The thermodynamic cycle processes used have been known for a long time, as have the safety problems that can arise when using suitable working fluids. Apart from water, the most popular working fluids of the time are flammable and poisonous. In the past century, they led to the development of safety refrigerants, which consisted of fluorinated hydrocarbons. It turned out, however, that these safety refrigerants damage the ozone layer, lead to global warming, and that their safety-related harmlessness led to constructive inattention. Up to 70% of the turnover was accounted for by the need to refill leaky systems and their leakage losses, which was accepted as long as this was perceived as economically justifiable in individual cases and promoted the need for replacement.
Der Einsatz dieser Kältemittel wurde aus diesem Grund Restriktionen unterworfen, in der Europäischen Union beispielsweise durch die F-Gas-Verordnung (EU) 517/2014.For this reason, the use of these refrigerants was subject to restrictions, for example in the European Union through the F-gas regulation (EU) 517/2014.
Es ist daher einerseits äußerst problematisch, die konstruktiven Prinzipien für Kältemittel-führende thermodynamische Prozesse zu übernehmen, die sich bei Sicherheitskältemitteln scheinbar gut bewährt haben, andererseits auf die Anlagenkonzepte aus der Zeit vor Einführung der Sicherheitskältemittel aufzusetzen. Dies liegt auch daran, dass inzwischen aus Einzelgeräten komplexe Anlagen geworden sind, was die Anzahl der Möglichkeiten für Störungen und deren Folgen vervielfältigt hat. Hierdurch ergeben sich beispielhaft die folgenden Anforderungen an das Sicherheitskonzept:
- Im Normalbetrieb muss die Anlage absolut dicht sein.
- Weder bei einer Leckage im Kondensator noch bei einer Leckage im Verflüssiger darf Arbeitsfluid in den gekoppelten Nutzwärme- oder Nutzkältekreislauf gelangen.
- Es darf kein Arbeitsfluid aus dem Kältekreislauf unbemerkt entweichen können.
- Im Verdichter darf das Arbeitsfluid nicht durch die Lagerung entweichen.
- Im Entspannungssystem darf das Arbeitsfluid nicht durch den Ventilsitz diffundieren oder durch Kavitation zu Leckagen führen.
- Gekapselte Teile müssen für Wartungs- und Kontrollzwecke zugänglich bleiben.
- In Notfällen dürfen sich keine Gefahren einstellen.
- Die Anlage soll in vorhandene Räumlichkeiten integrierbar sein
- Das Kältemittel soll abgelassen und eingefüllt werden können.
- In normal operation, the system must be absolutely tight.
- Neither in the event of a leak in the condenser nor in the event of a leak in the condenser, working fluid must not enter the coupled useful heat or useful cooling circuit.
- No working fluid must be able to escape unnoticed from the cooling circuit.
- In the compressor, the working fluid must not escape through the storage.
- In the expansion system, the working fluid must not diffuse through the valve seat or cause leaks due to cavitation.
- Encapsulated parts must remain accessible for maintenance and control purposes.
- In emergencies, there must be no danger.
- The system should be able to be integrated into existing rooms
- It should be possible to drain and fill the refrigerant.
Der Begriff des Notfalls muss weit gesehen werden. Denkbar sind Stromausfälle, Erdbeben, Erdrutsche, Überschwemmungen, Brände, technische Fehler und klimatische Extrembedingungen. Sofern die Anlagen in einem Netzwerk betrieben werden, ist auch ein Netzausfall oder eine Netzstörung als Notfall anzusehen. Gegenüber solchen Gefahren oder Störungen soll die Vorrichtung inhärent sicher sein. Aber auch ein Ausfall der verfügbaren Primärenergie kann einen Notfall begründen und darf keine Gefahrentwicklung zur Folge haben. Alle diese Notfälle können auch kombiniert auftreten.The concept of emergency must be seen broadly. Power outages, earthquakes, landslides, floods, fires, technical errors and extreme climatic conditions are conceivable. If the systems are operated in a network, a power failure or a power failure is also to be regarded as an emergency. Against such dangers or disturbances the device is intended to be inherently safe. But even a failure of the available primary energy can justify an emergency and must not result in a development of danger. All of these emergencies can also occur in combination.
Hierbei sind die verschiedenen Bauformen und Anwendungsfälle für derartige thermodynamische Kreisprozesse gesondert zu berücksichtigen, bei ortsfesten Anlagen für Wohngebäude beispielsweise folgende:
- Haushaltskühlschränke,
- Haushaltsgefrierschränke,
- Haushaltstrockner,
- Haushaltskühl-Gefrierkombinationen,
- Kühlkammern für Hotel- und Gastronomie,
- Gefrierkammern für Hotel- und Gastronomie,
- Klimaanlage für Haus, Hotel- und Gastronomie,
- Warmwassererzeugung für Haus, Hotel- und Gastronomie,
- Beheizung für Haus, Hotel- und Gastronomie,
- Sauna-Schwimmbadanlagen für Haus, Hotel- und Gastronomie,
- Kombinierte Anlagen für die oben genannten Anwendungen,
- Household refrigerators,
- Household freezers,
- Household dryers,
- Household fridge-freezers,
- Cooling chambers for hotel and catering,
- Freezer chambers for hotel and catering,
- Air conditioning for home, hotel and catering,
- Hot water generation for home, hotel and catering,
- Heating for home, hotel and catering,
- Sauna swimming pool systems for home, hotel and catering,
- Combined systems for the above-mentioned applications,
Die Energie für den Betrieb der Anlagen einschließlich der zu verschiebenden Wärmeenergie kann aus verschiedenen Quellen stammen:
- Erdwärme aus Erdwärmespeichern,
- Geothermische Wärme,
- Fernwärme,
- Elektrische Energie aus allgemeiner Stromversorgung,
- Elektrische Solarenergie,
- Solarwärme,
- Abwärme,
- Warmwasserspeicher,
- Eisspeicher,
- Latentwärmespeicher,
- Fossile Energieträger wie Erdgas, Erdöl, Kohle,
- Nachwachsende Rohstoffe wie Holz, Pellets, Biogas,
- Kombinationen aus den oben genannten Energiequellen,
- Geothermal energy from geothermal storage,
- Geothermal heat,
- District heating,
- Electrical energy from general power supply,
- Electric solar energy,
- Solar heat,
- Waste heat,
- Hot water tank,
- Ice bank,
- Latent heat storage,
- Fossil fuels such as natural gas, oil, coal,
- Renewable raw materials such as wood, pellets, biogas,
- Combinations of the above energy sources,
Die auftretenden Probleme bei der Sicherheitsauslegung solcher Anlagen werden in der
Propan ist auch schwerer als Luft, sinkt also in ruhender Luft auf den Boden und sammelt sich dort an. Sollte sich also ein Teil des Propans in einer strömungsarmen Zone des abgeschlossenen Raums, in dem sich das gestörte Aggregat befindet, sammeln, können die lokalen Explosionsgrenzen wesentlich schneller erreicht werden, als es der Quotient aus Gesamtraumvolumen zu ausgetretener Propanmenge erwarten lässt. Die
Die
Die
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist daher, eine Vorrichtung bereitzustellen, die einen Serviceeingriff ermöglicht, wenn ein Leckagefall eingetreten ist und sich möglicherweise noch entzündliches Arbeitsfluid im Inneren des Gehäuses befindet.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device that enables service intervention if a leak has occurred and there is possibly still inflammable working fluid inside the housing.
Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung für einen sicheren Serviceeingriff für ein Gehäuse, in dem sich ein entzündliches Arbeitsfluid eines linksdrehenden Kreisprozesses befindet, wobei
- das Gehäuse einen, durch ein Adsorbens für Arbeitsfluid geschützten, offenen Gasweg zur Umgebung aufweist,
- das Gehäuse eine Serviceöffnung besitzt, die durch eine Entriegelungsvorrichtung gegen Öffnen geschützt ist,
- die Serviceöffnung einen Serviceanschluss für eine Servicepatrone aufweist,
- die Servicepatrone ein unter Druck stehendes Inertgas in einer Menge enthält, welches im entspannten Zustand mindestens dem Volumen des Behälters entspricht,
- die Servicepatrone einen Patronenhals mit einer Verbindungsleitung im Patronenhals und einem Außengewinde auf dem Patronenhals aufweist,
- der Serviceanschluss ein Innengewinde besitzt, welches zu dem Außengewinde des Patronenhalses passt,
- der Serviceanschluss eine Verschlusskappe aufweist, wobei
- die Verschlusskappe ein zur Außenseite des Gehäuses gerichtetes Dichtsiegel umfasst,
- ferner eine zur Innenseite des Gehäuses gerichtete Dichtmembran, auf der ein Dorn in Richtung zur Außenseite des Gehäuses angeordnet ist,
- ferner eine Dichtfläche auf dem Innengewinde.
- the housing has an open gas path to the environment protected by an adsorbent for working fluid,
- the housing has a service opening which is protected against opening by an unlocking device,
- the service opening has a service connection for a service cartridge,
- the service cartridge contains a pressurized inert gas in an amount which in the relaxed state corresponds at least to the volume of the container,
- the service cartridge has a cartridge neck with a connecting line in the cartridge neck and an external thread on the cartridge neck,
- the service connection has an internal thread that matches the external thread of the cartridge neck,
- the service connection has a cap, wherein
- the closure cap comprises a sealing seal directed towards the outside of the housing,
- Furthermore, a sealing membrane directed towards the inside of the housing, on which a mandrel is arranged in the direction of the outside of the housing,
- also a sealing surface on the internal thread.
Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe auch durch ein Verfahren zur Öffnung eines Gehäuses, in dem sich ein entzündliches Arbeitsfluid eines linksdrehenden Kreisprozesses befindet, wobei
- das Gehäuse einen, durch ein Adsorbens für Arbeitsfluid geschützten, offenen Gasweg zur Umgebung aufweist,
- das Gehäuse eine Serviceöffnung besitzt, die durch eine Entriegelungsvorrichtung gegen Öffnen geschützt ist,
- die Serviceöffnung einen Serviceanschluss für eine Servicepatrone aufweist,
- die Servicepatrone ein unter Druck stehendes Inertgas in einer Menge enthält, welches im entspannten Zustand mindestens dem Volumen des Behälters entspricht,
- die Servicepatrone einen Patronenhals mit einer Verbindungsleitung im Patronenhals und einem Außengewinde auf dem Patronenhals aufweist,
- der Serviceanschluss ein Innengewinde besitzt, welches zu dem Außengewinde des Patronenhalses passt,
- der Serviceanschluss eine Verschlusskappe aufweist, wobei
- die Verschlusskappe ein zur Außenseite des Gehäuses gerichtetes Dichtsiegel umfasst,
- ferner eine zur Innenseite des Gehäuses gerichtete Dichtmembran, auf der ein Dorn in Richtung zur Außenseite des Gehäuses angeordnet ist,
- ferner eine Dichtfläche auf dem Innengewinde,
- Eindrehen des Patronenhalses in den Serviceanschluss,
- Weiterdrehen bis der Dorn der Dichtmembran die Verbindungsleitung der Servicepatrone aufstößt,
- Weiterdrehen, bis der Patronenhals die Dichtmembran aufstößt,
- Entleeren der Servicepatrone in das Gehäuse,
- Weiterdrehen, bis der Patronenhals die Entriegelungsvorrichtung betätigt,
- Öffnen der Serviceöffnung.
- the housing has an open gas path to the environment protected by an adsorbent for working fluid,
- the housing has a service opening which is protected against opening by an unlocking device,
- the service opening has a service connection for a service cartridge,
- the service cartridge contains a pressurized inert gas in an amount which in the relaxed state corresponds at least to the volume of the container,
- the service cartridge has a cartridge neck with a connecting line in the cartridge neck and an external thread on the cartridge neck,
- the service connection has an internal thread that matches the external thread of the cartridge neck,
- the service connection has a cap, wherein
- the closure cap comprises a sealing seal directed towards the outside of the housing,
- Furthermore, a sealing membrane directed towards the inside of the housing, on which a mandrel is arranged in the direction of the outside of the housing,
- also a sealing surface on the internal thread,
- Screwing the cartridge neck into the service connection,
- Continue turning until the mandrel of the sealing membrane pushes open the connection line of the service cartridge,
- Continue turning until the cartridge neck hits the sealing membrane,
- Emptying the service cartridge into the housing,
- Continue turning until the cartridge neck activates the release device,
- Opening the service opening.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von 5 Prinzipskizzen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 eine Übersicht über eine Wärmepumpe mit Servicemodul, -
Fig. 2 ein Servicemodul vor seinem Einsatz, -
Fig. 3 das Servicemodul zu Beginn seines Einsatzes, -
Fig. 4 das Servicemodul während seines Einsatzes, -
Fig. 5 das Servicemodul gegen Ende seines Einsatzes.
-
Fig. 1 an overview of a heat pump with service module, -
Fig. 2 a service module before its use, -
Fig. 3 the service module at the beginning of its use, -
Fig. 4 the service module during its use, -
Fig. 5 the service module towards the end of its use.
Im Falle einer Leckage kann das Propan zusammen mit der Abluft 18 durch den zur Umgebung offenen Kanal 11 und durch die Aktivkohleschicht 12 geleitet werden, wo es abgeschieden wird, während inerte Luftbestandteile in die Umgebung austreten können.In the event of a leak, the propane can be conducted together with the
Das Gehäuse 6 besitzt eine Serviceöffnung 14, die einen Serviceanschluss 15 für eine Servicepatrone 13 aufweist. Die Serviceöffnung 14 ist dabei mit einem Entriegelungsbolzen 16 gesichert und mit einer Dichtung 17 abgedichtet. Dies verhindert, dass im Falle einer Leckage die Serviceöffnung 14 geöffnet werden kann, während sich ein zündfähiges Gemisch im Gehäuseinneren befindet.The
Eig. 4 zeigt das Servicemodul während seines Einsatzes. Nach dem Weiterdrehen der Servicepatrone 13 wird die Dichtmembran 23 durchstoßen und das Inertgas kann durch die Verbindungsleitung 24 in das Gehäuse einströmen. Hierbei verdrängt es das möglicherweise zündfähige Luft-Arbeitsfluidgemisch durch die Aktivkohleschicht 12. Ein solcher Vorgang dauert etwa zehn Sekunden. Prop. 4 shows the service module during its use. After the
Es versteht sich von selbst, dass dieses Öffnen nur unter großer Vorsicht erfolgen kann, da das Inertgas, etwa Stickstoff oder Kohlendioxid beim Einatmen zur Erstickung führen kann. Auf eine gute Belüftung, auch des Aufstellungsraumes ist hierbei zu achten. Nach erfolgtem Serviceeingriff muss eine neue Dichtkappe 21 eingesetzt und der Entriegelungsbolzen muss wieder in seine Verrieglungsposition zurückgesetzt werden. Sofern Arbeitsfluid ausgetreten war, muss auch die Aktivkohleschicht 12 gewechselt werden.It goes without saying that this opening can only be carried out with great care, since the inert gas, such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide, can lead to suffocation when inhaled. Ensure that there is good ventilation, including in the installation room. After a service intervention, a
- 11
- KältekreisRefrigeration cycle
- 22
- Verdichtercompressor
- 33
- Kondensatorcapacitor
- 44th
- DruckreduzierungPressure reduction
- 55
- VerdampferEvaporator
- 66th
- Gehäusecasing
- 77th
- Wärmequellen-AnschlussHeat source connection
- 88th
- Wärmequellen-VorlaufHeat source flow
- 99
- Wärmesenken-VorlaufHeat sink supply
- 1010
- Wärmesenken-AnschlussHeat sink connection
- 1111
- Kanalchannel
- 1212
- AktivkohleschichtActivated carbon layer
- 1313
- ServicepatroneService cartridge
- 1414th
- ServiceöffnungService opening
- 1515th
- ServiceanschlussService connection
- 1616
- EntriegelungsbolzenRelease bolt
- 1717th
- Dichtungpoetry
- 1818th
- AbluftExhaust air
- 1919th
- PatronenhalsCartridge neck
- 2020th
- DichtsiegelSealing seal
- 2121st
- VerschlusskappeSealing cap
- 2222nd
- Dornmandrel
- 2323
- DichtmembranSealing membrane
- 2424
- VerbindungsleitungConnecting line
- 2525th
- AußengewindeExternal thread
- 2626th
- Innengewindeinner thread
- 2727
- Patronenhals-DichtflächeCartridge neck sealing surface
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL20160552T PL3705823T3 (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2020-03-03 | Device for a safe service intervention for an enclosure and method for opening the enclosure. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019105522.9A DE102019105522A1 (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | Service intervention |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3705823A1 true EP3705823A1 (en) | 2020-09-09 |
EP3705823B1 EP3705823B1 (en) | 2022-02-16 |
Family
ID=69770409
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20160552.4A Active EP3705823B1 (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2020-03-03 | Device for a safe service intervention for an enclosure and method for opening the enclosure. |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3705823B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019105522A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3705823T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2909205T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3705823T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4382824A1 (en) | 2022-12-09 | 2024-06-12 | Vaillant GmbH | Adsorber with conduit elements |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102022123440A1 (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2024-03-14 | Vaillant Gmbh | Service connection for a heat pump housing |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19525064C1 (en) | 1995-07-10 | 1996-08-01 | Joachim Dr Ing Paul | Refrigeration machine with housing for containing coolant |
JP2001174109A (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-06-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Method and apparatus for recovering refrigerant, method for cleaning refrigeration cycle, method for replacing refrigeration cycle and refrigeration cycle device |
DE102011116863A1 (en) | 2011-10-25 | 2013-04-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method for securing device for closed thermodynamic cycle, involves contacting adsorbent with environmentally hazardous, toxic and/or flammable material, and selectively binding flammable substance by adsorbent |
WO2015032905A1 (en) | 2013-09-05 | 2015-03-12 | Holger König | Method for preventing leakage from a container and a container having leakage safeguard |
EP2918987A1 (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2015-09-16 | ERRECOM S.r.l. | Apparatus for injecting a fluid in a pressurized air conditioning or refrigeration system |
DE102014112545A1 (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2016-03-03 | Denso Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Refrigerant circuit compact unit for a motor vehicle |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE29510024U1 (en) * | 1995-06-21 | 1995-11-09 | Ilka Mafa Kältetechnik GmbH, 06184 Döllnitz | Safety device for machine rooms with ammonia refrigeration units |
-
2019
- 2019-03-05 DE DE102019105522.9A patent/DE102019105522A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-03-03 EP EP20160552.4A patent/EP3705823B1/en active Active
- 2020-03-03 ES ES20160552T patent/ES2909205T3/en active Active
- 2020-03-03 PL PL20160552T patent/PL3705823T3/en unknown
- 2020-03-03 DK DK20160552.4T patent/DK3705823T3/en active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19525064C1 (en) | 1995-07-10 | 1996-08-01 | Joachim Dr Ing Paul | Refrigeration machine with housing for containing coolant |
JP2001174109A (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-06-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Method and apparatus for recovering refrigerant, method for cleaning refrigeration cycle, method for replacing refrigeration cycle and refrigeration cycle device |
DE102011116863A1 (en) | 2011-10-25 | 2013-04-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method for securing device for closed thermodynamic cycle, involves contacting adsorbent with environmentally hazardous, toxic and/or flammable material, and selectively binding flammable substance by adsorbent |
WO2015032905A1 (en) | 2013-09-05 | 2015-03-12 | Holger König | Method for preventing leakage from a container and a container having leakage safeguard |
EP2918987A1 (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2015-09-16 | ERRECOM S.r.l. | Apparatus for injecting a fluid in a pressurized air conditioning or refrigeration system |
DE102014112545A1 (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2016-03-03 | Denso Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Refrigerant circuit compact unit for a motor vehicle |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4382824A1 (en) | 2022-12-09 | 2024-06-12 | Vaillant GmbH | Adsorber with conduit elements |
DE102022132781A1 (en) | 2022-12-09 | 2024-06-20 | Vaillant Gmbh | Adsorber with guide elements |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3705823B1 (en) | 2022-02-16 |
ES2909205T3 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
PL3705823T3 (en) | 2022-04-19 |
DE102019105522A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 |
DK3705823T3 (en) | 2022-03-21 |
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