EP4339529A1 - Port de service pour un boîtier de pompe à chaleur - Google Patents

Port de service pour un boîtier de pompe à chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4339529A1
EP4339529A1 EP23196024.6A EP23196024A EP4339529A1 EP 4339529 A1 EP4339529 A1 EP 4339529A1 EP 23196024 A EP23196024 A EP 23196024A EP 4339529 A1 EP4339529 A1 EP 4339529A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capsule
line
service connection
refrigerant
outside
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23196024.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Harald Riecke
Raimund Lis
Pascal Forner
Tim Heibach
Sobotta Stefan
Stamm Ralf
Nadine Klawikowski
Axel Schöps
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
Original Assignee
Vaillant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant GmbH filed Critical Vaillant GmbH
Publication of EP4339529A1 publication Critical patent/EP4339529A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/12—Preventing or detecting fluid leakage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/36—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to leakage of heat-exchange fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/20—Casings or covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/02—Casings; Cover lids; Ornamental panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
    • F25B2500/221—Preventing leaks from developing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the indoor units of heat pumps, in particular split heat pumps and split air conditioning systems, which use a flammable refrigerant, such as R290, R32, R1270, R600a or R454C.
  • Split systems always consist of an outdoor unit and an indoor unit; the indoor unit is installed in the interior of a residential or commercial building. In such systems, it must be ensured that no flammable refrigerant can escape into the installation room.
  • such split devices can either be designed in such a way that all lines and devices carrying refrigerant are arranged in the outdoor unit and only one heat transfer medium circulates between the outdoor unit and the indoor unit.
  • Such solutions are preferred when multiple indoor units are to be connected to one outdoor unit. Or you can circulate the refrigerant itself between the outdoor unit and the indoor unit, which can be advantageous if the pipe lengths can be kept short and the amount of refrigerant as well as the device output are low. In such cases, all equipment except the indoor unit heat exchanger is placed in the outdoor unit to minimize the risk.
  • This indoor unit heat exchanger is considered a critical part. Depending on the operating mode, this is a condenser or an evaporator. Switchable heat exchangers are often used, which supply a heating circuit as a condenser in winter and, after switching, as an evaporator, provide cooling air conditioning in the summer cause. Other functions include hot water generation and room air dehumidification. This means that such heat exchangers are subjected to a wide range of temperature differences and flows, which also change frequently. This alternating load leads to wear and, in rare cases, failure both within the heat exchanger and at the connecting connections.
  • the FR 3 070 755 A1 and the WO 03/010473 A1 each describe an indoor unit and/or an outdoor unit, with vents for flammable refrigerants being provided through the house wall, for example by means of a double-walled pipe, so that fresh air can enter when the inner housing is flushed.
  • the EP 3358272 B1 describes a housing for a water heat exchanger through which a flammable refrigerant flows.
  • a special feature is an inner cover element which is arranged in the housing in order to cover at least one refrigerant line section of a refrigerant circuit and to direct an escaping refrigerant to an outside of the capsule housing, this cover element including a guide section which is connected to a connection opening to which the escaping refrigerant is connected Refrigerant is conducted.
  • the cover is not an encapsulation of the entire water heat exchanger, but rather just a cover for the refrigerant connections. The refrigerant is therefore withdrawn from the cover, which only covers the refrigerant connections, and not from a capsule housing of the condenser. The cover does not completely encapsulate the capacitor.
  • the task is therefore to provide a safe and inexpensive method for safely ventilating and flushing encapsulated housings of installations that carry flammable refrigerant.
  • these can be heat pump housings or encapsulated ones Parts of heat pumps such as evaporators, condensers, throttle valves, compressors and connecting lines.
  • the process should be suitable for heat pumps installed indoors as well as for the internal parts of split heat pumps.
  • Heat pump housings include all housing parts in which devices are arranged that carry refrigerant or could lead in the event of a leak. This takes into account the fact that a large number of encapsulations are common.
  • the heat exchangers can have separate housings, as can the control electronics with their cooling, the entire refrigeration circuit can be located in one housing, housings can be separate from ventilation devices or housings that are connected to outdoor units or housings that are nested inside one another. Be heat pump housing in the sense of this invention.
  • the refrigeration circuit In the event of service or repairs, the refrigeration circuit must be accessible from all sides. This applies to all housings or enclosures that are connected to the refrigeration circuit, so that in case of doubt, all parts that may be affected by leaks are accessible. This creates a dilemma. If there is a leak, a flammable mixture of refrigerant and air could already have formed inside the respective housing. Methods of opening the housing that carry the risk of sparking cannot then be used.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an economical process that no longer has the disadvantages described.
  • This task is solved by means of a service connection for an encapsulated inner housing in a heat pump housing, the encapsulated inner housing being referred to below as a capsule.
  • the capsule in the heat pump housing affects all encapsulations of devices that carry refrigerant and which prevent flammable refrigerant that escapes due to leakage from entering the installation room.
  • the capsule also includes safety valves in the working fluid circulation and its discharge lines.
  • the capsule can also be flooded with liquid that could not be passed into an adsorber. The extent to which such a liquid-filled capsule can be dismantled and transported away depends on its size and weight. In the case of a split device, it can be provided that only the heat exchanger, which can be affected as a condenser or evaporator inside the building, has to be filled accordingly, provided it is encapsulated is executed.
  • inert fluid i.e. either inert gas or inert liquid or a mixture thereof
  • inert fluid is initially introduced into the capsule through the service connection, and the concentration of the refrigerant is continuously measured.
  • concentration of the refrigerant is continuously measured.
  • the measurement can take place within the encapsulation or at the connection of the Line that leads to the outside or in the line itself or at the outlet of the line to the outside.
  • Such measurements are known state of the art and can be carried out automatically or, in individual cases, manually.
  • the capsule is filled with water via the service connection and rinsed. This is advantageous if there is only a small amount of inert gas available, but enough water is available, and this water can also drain out into the open via the pipe. To remove the water, compressed air can also be used via the service connection.
  • the service connection of the capsule is connected to the outside space via an extension line. This is particularly advantageous if the capsule is located inside a heat pump housing.
  • the service connection can then be placed through the outer wall of the heat pump housing and operated from the outside.
  • the heat pump housing then does not have to be opened in order to inert and rinse the capsule inside.
  • a heating device may be provided to counteract freezing due to the Joule-Thomson effect when the pressure of the nitrogen is reduced.
  • the capsule includes all installations of the refrigeration circuit that carry refrigerant; in the case of split devices, all installations that are located within a building. In the event of a leak, refrigerant can also get into the heating circuit water.
  • the heating circuit is equipped with a safety valve, which blows out into the capsule via a line if the pressure in the heating circuit rises impermissibly and there is a fear that this increase in pressure is the result of a leak from a device under higher pressure refrigerant.
  • the heating circuit is equipped with an automatic vent, which vents into the capsule via a line. This means that both small and large amounts of refrigerant that have leaked into the heating circuit water are returned to the capsule and from there discharged from the capsule into the open air.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a capsule 1 with a heat pump condenser 2.
  • the refrigerant supply line 3, the refrigerant return line 4, the heating circuit supply line 5, the heating circuit return line 6 and the ventilation line 7 lead into the capsule 1.
  • the capsule is equipped with a service connection 8, whereby this has a non-return valve and a holder for a gas cartridge.
  • the cartridge 9 can be connected directly to this service connection 8 with a connecting piece 10.
  • the capsule 1 can then be flushed with the gas from the cartridge 9, for example carbon dioxide or nitrogen, until the measuring device 11 on the vent line 7 indicates that no more refrigerant is flowing into the capsule 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows capsule 1 Fig. 1 , installed in an indoor unit 12 of a split heat pump 13, in which the refrigerant is passed through both the indoor unit and the outdoor unit.
  • the latter has an outer box 14, which contains the evaporator 15, the compressor 16 and the throttle valve 17, as well as the air duct 18 and the fan 19 as a heat source.
  • the refrigerant supply line 3 and the refrigerant return line 4 are connected to the refrigeration circuit of the outer box 14, the ventilation line 7 However not.
  • the ventilation line leads through the outer wall 20 to the outside, preferably the opening is just above the top of the capsule 1. This makes it easier to rinse with water if necessary.
  • Fig. 3 shows the case in which the entire refrigeration circuit of an internally installed compact heat pump 21 is arranged within a capsule 1. About those in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 A further service connection 22 with an extension 23, which is guided through the housing wall 24, is provided. This means that the inerting and subsequent rinsing with water or compressed air can take place without opening the heat pump housing of the heat pump 21.
  • Fig. 4 shows in addition to that in Fig. 2
  • the arrangement shown includes the integration of a safety valve 25 and a breather 26, both of which are provided in the heating circuit line 6 in the event that refrigerant has gotten into the heating circuit water due to a leak. If pressure builds up in the heating circuit due to the leak, the safety valve 25 opens and blows into the capsule 1. Remaining gas bubbles are separated by the breather 26, even in the event that the safety valve 25 has not been triggered because only a small amount of refrigerant has escaped. The separated gas is also vented into the capsule 1. The heating circuit water is subsequently further heated by the electric additional heater 27.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP23196024.6A 2022-09-14 2023-09-07 Port de service pour un boîtier de pompe à chaleur Pending EP4339529A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022123440.1A DE102022123440A1 (de) 2022-09-14 2022-09-14 Serviceanschluss für ein Wärmepumpengehäuse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4339529A1 true EP4339529A1 (fr) 2024-03-20

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ID=87971789

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23196024.6A Pending EP4339529A1 (fr) 2022-09-14 2023-09-07 Port de service pour un boîtier de pompe à chaleur

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP4339529A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102022123440A1 (fr)

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003010473A1 (fr) 2001-07-26 2003-02-06 Climastar Sa Pompe a chaleur dispositif de ventilation de securite
WO2015032905A1 (fr) 2013-09-05 2015-03-12 Holger König Procédé permettant d'empêcher une fuite d'un contenant et contenant pourvu d'un dispositif anti-fuite
EP2985550A1 (fr) 2013-04-08 2016-02-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération
FR3070755A1 (fr) 2017-09-07 2019-03-08 Bernier Developpement Dispositifs de securite pour installations frigorifiques et pompes a chaleur utilisant des fluides frigorigenes toxiques ou inflammables
EP3486575A1 (fr) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-22 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif et procédé d'évacuation de sécurité du flux de travail
EP3543629A1 (fr) * 2018-03-22 2019-09-25 Vaillant GmbH Boîtier étanche aux fuites pour un processus cyclique
EP3358272B1 (fr) 2015-09-30 2020-06-17 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Ensemble de logement d'échangeur de chaleur à eau
DE102019105522A1 (de) * 2019-03-05 2020-09-10 Vaillant Gmbh Serviceeingriff
EP3062044B1 (fr) 2015-01-09 2020-11-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Unité extérieure et dispositif de climatisation
EP3792572A1 (fr) * 2019-09-12 2021-03-17 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de rinçage de sécurité pour une pompe à chaleur
EP3026374B1 (fr) 2013-07-24 2021-04-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Unité extérieure et dispositif de conditionnement d'air

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003010473A1 (fr) 2001-07-26 2003-02-06 Climastar Sa Pompe a chaleur dispositif de ventilation de securite
EP2985550A1 (fr) 2013-04-08 2016-02-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération
EP3026374B1 (fr) 2013-07-24 2021-04-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Unité extérieure et dispositif de conditionnement d'air
WO2015032905A1 (fr) 2013-09-05 2015-03-12 Holger König Procédé permettant d'empêcher une fuite d'un contenant et contenant pourvu d'un dispositif anti-fuite
EP3062044B1 (fr) 2015-01-09 2020-11-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Unité extérieure et dispositif de climatisation
EP3358272B1 (fr) 2015-09-30 2020-06-17 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Ensemble de logement d'échangeur de chaleur à eau
FR3070755A1 (fr) 2017-09-07 2019-03-08 Bernier Developpement Dispositifs de securite pour installations frigorifiques et pompes a chaleur utilisant des fluides frigorigenes toxiques ou inflammables
EP3486575A1 (fr) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-22 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif et procédé d'évacuation de sécurité du flux de travail
EP3543629A1 (fr) * 2018-03-22 2019-09-25 Vaillant GmbH Boîtier étanche aux fuites pour un processus cyclique
DE102019105522A1 (de) * 2019-03-05 2020-09-10 Vaillant Gmbh Serviceeingriff
EP3705823B1 (fr) 2019-03-05 2022-02-16 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif pour une intervention de service en toute sécurité pour un boîtier et procédé d'ouverture du boîtier.
EP3792572A1 (fr) * 2019-09-12 2021-03-17 Vaillant GmbH Dispositif de rinçage de sécurité pour une pompe à chaleur

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